Standardized precipitation measurements within ICOS: Rain, snowfall and snow depth: A review. Dengel, S., Graf, A., Grünwald, T., Hehn, M., Kolari, P., Löfvenius, M., O., Merbold, L., Nicolini, G., & Pavelka, M. International Agrophysics, 32(4):607-617, 2018.
doi  abstract   bibtex   
Precipitation is one of the most important abiotic variables related to plant growth. Using standardised measure- ments improves the comparability and quality of precipitation data as well as all other data within the Integrated Carbon Observation System network. Despite the spatial and temporal variation of some types of precipitation, a single point measurement satis- fies the requirement as an ancillary variable for eddy covariance measurements. Here the term precipitation includes: rain, snow- fall (liquid water equivalent) and snow depth, with the latter two being of interest only where occurring. Weighing gauges defined as Integrated Carbon Observation System standard with the capacity of continuously measuring liquid and solid precipitation are installed free-standing, away from obstacles obstructing rain or snowfall. In order to minimise wind-induced errors, gauges are shielded either naturally or artificially to reduce the adverse effect of wind speed on the measurements. Following standard- ised methods strengthens the compatibility and comparability of data with other standardised environmental observation networks while opening the possibility for synthesis studies of different pre- cipitation measurement methodologies and types including a wide range of ecosystems and geolocations across Europe.
@article{
 title = {Standardized precipitation measurements within ICOS: Rain, snowfall and snow depth: A review},
 type = {article},
 year = {2018},
 keywords = {ICOS,precipitation,protocol,rain,snow},
 pages = {607-617},
 volume = {32},
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 abstract = {Precipitation is one of the most important abiotic variables related to plant growth. Using standardised measure- ments improves the comparability and quality of precipitation data as well as all other data within the Integrated Carbon Observation System network. Despite the spatial and temporal variation of some types of precipitation, a single point measurement satis- fies the requirement as an ancillary variable for eddy covariance measurements. Here the term precipitation includes: rain, snow- fall (liquid water equivalent) and snow depth, with the latter two being of interest only where occurring. Weighing gauges defined as Integrated Carbon Observation System standard with the capacity of continuously measuring liquid and solid precipitation are installed free-standing, away from obstacles obstructing rain or snowfall. In order to minimise wind-induced errors, gauges are shielded either naturally or artificially to reduce the adverse effect of wind speed on the measurements. Following standard- ised methods strengthens the compatibility and comparability of data with other standardised environmental observation networks while opening the possibility for synthesis studies of different pre- cipitation measurement methodologies and types including a wide range of ecosystems and geolocations across Europe.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Dengel, Sigrid and Graf, Alexander and Grünwald, Thomas and Hehn, Markus and Kolari, Pasi and Löfvenius, Mikaell Ottosson and Merbold, Lutz and Nicolini, Giacomo and Pavelka, Marian},
 doi = {10.1515/intag-2017-0046},
 journal = {International Agrophysics},
 number = {4}
}

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