Fracture-related mortality in southern Sweden: A multiple cause of death analysis, 1998–2014. Kiadaliri, A. A., Rosengren, B. E., & Englund, M. Injury, 49(2):236–242, February, 2018.
Fracture-related mortality in southern Sweden: A multiple cause of death analysis, 1998–2014 [link]Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   
Purpose To assess fracture-related mortality among adults (aged ≥20years) in southern Sweden using multiple causes of death approach. Methods All death certificates (n=201 488) in adults recorded in the region of Skåne from 1998 to 2014 were examined. We identified fracture-related deaths and computed mortality rates by sex, age group, and fracture site. Temporal trends were evaluated using joinpoint regression and associated causes were identified by age- and sex-adjusted observed/expected ratios. Results Fractures were mentioned on 6 226 (3.1%) death certificates, with majority of these occurred among women (60%) and those aged≥80years (77%). While hip was the most common site overall (61% of all fracture-related deaths), skull was the most common site in people \textless60years (60% of all fracture-related deaths). Proportion of death certificates mentioning fracture was stable in women but increased by 0.4% (95% CI: 0.1 to 0.6) in men between 1998–2002 and 2010–2014. The mean age at death was higher in death certificates mentioning fracture than those without and this gap widened over time. The mean age-standardized fracture-related mortality rate was 18.8 (14.0) per 100 000 person-year in men (women) and declined by 1.5% (1.3%) per year during 1998–2014. Injuries (84.6%) and cardiovascular disorders (64.6%) were the most common comorbidities on death certificates mentioning fracture. Conclusions Fracture is a contributing cause of death in more than 3% of all deaths in southern Sweden with hip in lead among older and skull fracture among younger people. There was a slight increase in proportion of deaths associated with fracture in men but not women during the study period.
@article{kiadaliri_fracture-related_2018,
	title = {Fracture-related mortality in southern {Sweden}: {A} multiple cause of death analysis, 1998–2014},
	volume = {49},
	issn = {0020-1383},
	shorttitle = {Fracture-related mortality in southern {Sweden}},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0020138317308586},
	doi = {10.1016/j.injury.2017.12.005},
	abstract = {Purpose
To assess fracture-related mortality among adults (aged ≥20years) in southern Sweden using multiple causes of death approach.
Methods
All death certificates (n=201 488) in adults recorded in the region of Skåne from 1998 to 2014 were examined. We identified fracture-related deaths and computed mortality rates by sex, age group, and fracture site. Temporal trends were evaluated using joinpoint regression and associated causes were identified by age- and sex-adjusted observed/expected ratios.
Results
Fractures were mentioned on 6 226 (3.1\%) death certificates, with majority of these occurred among women (60\%) and those aged≥80years (77\%). While hip was the most common site overall (61\% of all fracture-related deaths), skull was the most common site in people {\textless}60years (60\% of all fracture-related deaths). Proportion of death certificates mentioning fracture was stable in women but increased by 0.4\% (95\% CI: 0.1 to 0.6) in men between 1998–2002 and 2010–2014. The mean age at death was higher in death certificates mentioning fracture than those without and this gap widened over time. The mean age-standardized fracture-related mortality rate was 18.8 (14.0) per 100 000 person-year in men (women) and declined by 1.5\% (1.3\%) per year during 1998–2014. Injuries (84.6\%) and cardiovascular disorders (64.6\%) were the most common comorbidities on death certificates mentioning fracture.
Conclusions
Fracture is a contributing cause of death in more than 3\% of all deaths in southern Sweden with hip in lead among older and skull fracture among younger people. There was a slight increase in proportion of deaths associated with fracture in men but not women during the study period.},
	number = {2},
	journal = {Injury},
	author = {Kiadaliri, Aliasghar A. and Rosengren, Björn E. and Englund, Martin},
	month = feb,
	year = {2018},
	keywords = {Fracture, Mortality, Multiple cause of death, Sweden},
	pages = {236--242},
}

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