Accommodation and Pupil Responses to Random-dot Stereograms. Suryakumar, R. & Allison, R. In Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO) Annual Meeting, volume 49. April 27th - May 1st, 2008. ![Accommodation and Pupil Responses to Random-dot Stereograms [pdf]](https://bibbase.org/img/filetypes/pdf.svg "pdf")
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-2 abstract bibtex Accommodation and Pupil Responses to Random-Dot Stereograms R. Suryakumar and R. S. Allison Center for Vision Research, Computer Science and Engineering, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Commercial Relationships: R. Suryakumar, None; R.S. Allison, None. Support: NSERC Canada, PREA, CIHR Strategic Training Grant Abstract Purpose:Recently, it has been shown that a transient pupil constriction occurs following presentation of a random-dot stereogram with uncrossed disparity (Li, Z and Sun, F. Exp Br Res, 2006, 168:436). We investigated the dynamic characteristics of such pupil responses and whether they were coupled with changes in ocular focus. Methods:Four subjects (mean age=$26.8± 3.6$yrs) participated in the study. Stereo half images were displayed on a pair of computer monitors placed at a distance of 60 cm in a Wheatstone stereoscope arrangement. Subjects fixated the center of the random-dot stereogram which alternated between depicting a flat plane and a 0.5 cpd, 30 arc-minute peak disparity, sinusoidal corrugation in depth. In all cases, fixation remained constant at the 60cm screen distance. Accommodation and pupil responses were measured monocularly using a custom built, high-speed photorefractor at 100Hz and analyzed offline. The onset and end of the accommodation and pupil responses were identified to estimate amplitude. The pupil responses were then differentiated to estimate peak velocity. Results:A transient pupil constriction and positive accommodation were observed during both uncrossed and crossed disparity presentations (Uncrossed: $0.26± 0.12$mm, $0.20± 0.06$D; Crossed: $0.41± 0.40$mm, $0.31± 0.2$D). The peak velocity of pupil responses changed significantly as a function of amplitude (y=1.12x-0.38, $R^2=0.34$, $p<0.05$) and initial pupil diameter (y=0.28x-2.41, $R^2=0.64$, $p<0.05$). Changes in pupil size were associated with changes in accommodation. However, the ratio of pupil change to accommodation was not significantly different between crossed and uncrossed disparity (Uncrossed: $1.55± 0.69$mm/D; Crossed: $1.21± 0.51$mm/D; $p>0.05$). Conclusions:While fixation was maintained at the plane of the screen, the finding that pupil and accommodation changes have the same sign regardless of the sign of disparity suggests the response was driven by the apparent depth in the stimulus rather than its physical distance. The strength of the coupling between accommodation and pupil responses appears to be similar for crossed and uncrossed disparity. The amplitude and velocity of pupil responses depend on initial (starting) pupil diameter confirming the non-linearity in the operating range of the pupil. Keywords: accomodation * pupil * perception
@incollection{Suryakumar:2008er,
abstract = {Accommodation and Pupil Responses to Random-Dot Stereograms
R. Suryakumar and R. S. Allison
Center for Vision Research, Computer Science and Engineering, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Commercial Relationships: R. Suryakumar, None; R.S. Allison, None.
Support: NSERC Canada, PREA, CIHR Strategic Training Grant
Abstract
Purpose:Recently, it has been shown that a transient pupil constriction occurs following presentation of a random-dot stereogram with uncrossed disparity (Li, Z and Sun, F. Exp Br Res, 2006, 168:436). We investigated the dynamic characteristics of such pupil responses and whether they were coupled with changes in ocular focus.
Methods:Four subjects (mean age=$26.8\pm 3.6$yrs) participated in the study. Stereo half images were displayed on a pair of computer monitors placed at a distance of 60 cm in a Wheatstone stereoscope arrangement. Subjects fixated the center of the random-dot stereogram which alternated between depicting a flat plane and a 0.5 cpd, 30 arc-minute peak disparity, sinusoidal corrugation in depth. In all cases, fixation remained constant at the 60cm screen distance. Accommodation and pupil responses were measured monocularly using a custom built, high-speed photorefractor at 100Hz and analyzed offline. The onset and end of the accommodation and pupil responses were identified to estimate amplitude. The pupil responses were then differentiated to estimate peak velocity.
Results:A transient pupil constriction and positive accommodation were observed during both uncrossed and crossed disparity presentations (Uncrossed: $0.26\pm 0.12$mm, $0.20\pm 0.06$D; Crossed: $0.41\pm 0.40$mm, $0.31\pm 0.2$D). The peak velocity of pupil responses changed significantly as a function of amplitude (y=1.12x-0.38, $R^2=0.34$, $p<0.05$) and initial pupil diameter (y=0.28x-2.41, $R^2=0.64$, $p<0.05$). Changes in pupil size were associated with changes in accommodation. However, the ratio of pupil change to accommodation was not significantly different between crossed and uncrossed disparity (Uncrossed: $1.55\pm 0.69$mm/D; Crossed: $1.21\pm 0.51$mm/D; $p>0.05$).
Conclusions:While fixation was maintained at the plane of the screen, the finding that pupil and accommodation changes have the same sign regardless of the sign of disparity suggests the response was driven by the apparent depth in the stimulus rather than its physical distance. The strength of the coupling between accommodation and pupil responses appears to be similar for crossed and uncrossed disparity. The amplitude and velocity of pupil responses depend on initial (starting) pupil diameter confirming the non-linearity in the operating range of the pupil.
Keywords: accomodation * pupil * perception
},
author = {Suryakumar, R. and Allison, R.S.},
booktitle = {Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO) Annual Meeting},
date-added = {2011-05-06 16:09:53 -0400},
date-modified = {2016-01-03 03:28:10 +0000},
keywords = {Stereopsis},
month = {April 27th - May 1st},
organization = {Association for Research in Vision and Ophthamology},
title = {Accommodation and Pupil Responses to Random-dot Stereograms},
url-1 = {https://percept.eecs.yorku.ca/papers/raj arvo2008 abstract.pdf},
url-2 = {http://abstracts.iovs.org/cgi/content/abstract/49/5/1792},
volume = {49},
year = {2008}}
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We investigated the dynamic characteristics of such pupil responses and whether they were coupled with changes in ocular focus. Methods:Four subjects (mean age=$26.8± 3.6$yrs) participated in the study. Stereo half images were displayed on a pair of computer monitors placed at a distance of 60 cm in a Wheatstone stereoscope arrangement. Subjects fixated the center of the random-dot stereogram which alternated between depicting a flat plane and a 0.5 cpd, 30 arc-minute peak disparity, sinusoidal corrugation in depth. In all cases, fixation remained constant at the 60cm screen distance. Accommodation and pupil responses were measured monocularly using a custom built, high-speed photorefractor at 100Hz and analyzed offline. The onset and end of the accommodation and pupil responses were identified to estimate amplitude. The pupil responses were then differentiated to estimate peak velocity. Results:A transient pupil constriction and positive accommodation were observed during both uncrossed and crossed disparity presentations (Uncrossed: $0.26± 0.12$mm, $0.20± 0.06$D; Crossed: $0.41± 0.40$mm, $0.31± 0.2$D). The peak velocity of pupil responses changed significantly as a function of amplitude (y=1.12x-0.38, $R^2=0.34$, $p<0.05$) and initial pupil diameter (y=0.28x-2.41, $R^2=0.64$, $p<0.05$). Changes in pupil size were associated with changes in accommodation. However, the ratio of pupil change to accommodation was not significantly different between crossed and uncrossed disparity (Uncrossed: $1.55± 0.69$mm/D; Crossed: $1.21± 0.51$mm/D; $p>0.05$). Conclusions:While fixation was maintained at the plane of the screen, the finding that pupil and accommodation changes have the same sign regardless of the sign of disparity suggests the response was driven by the apparent depth in the stimulus rather than its physical distance. The strength of the coupling between accommodation and pupil responses appears to be similar for crossed and uncrossed disparity. The amplitude and velocity of pupil responses depend on initial (starting) pupil diameter confirming the non-linearity in the operating range of the pupil. 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Allison\n\nCenter for Vision Research, Computer Science and Engineering, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada\n\nCommercial Relationships: R. Suryakumar, None; R.S. Allison, None.\n\nSupport: NSERC Canada, PREA, CIHR Strategic Training Grant\n\nAbstract\n\nPurpose:Recently, it has been shown that a transient pupil constriction occurs following presentation of a random-dot stereogram with uncrossed disparity (Li, Z and Sun, F. Exp Br Res, 2006, 168:436). We investigated the dynamic characteristics of such pupil responses and whether they were coupled with changes in ocular focus.\n\nMethods:Four subjects (mean age=$26.8\\pm 3.6$yrs) participated in the study. Stereo half images were displayed on a pair of computer monitors placed at a distance of 60 cm in a Wheatstone stereoscope arrangement. Subjects fixated the center of the random-dot stereogram which alternated between depicting a flat plane and a 0.5 cpd, 30 arc-minute peak disparity, sinusoidal corrugation in depth. 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