Optimizing spectral compositions of multichannel LED light sources by IES color fidelity index and luminous efficacy of radiation. Zhang, F., Xu, H., & Wang, Z. Applied Optics, 56(7):1962–1971, March, 2017.
Optimizing spectral compositions of multichannel LED light sources by IES color fidelity index and luminous efficacy of radiation [link]Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   
The trade-off between the color fidelity index (Rf) released recently by the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (IES) and luminous efficacy of radiation (LER) was investigated by adjusting the peak wavelengths, spectral widths, and intensities of four-channel LEDs utilizing a multiobjective optimization algorithm based on differential evolution in the correlated color temperature (CCT) ranging from 2800 to 6500 K for general lighting. The results indicate that Rf at a specific LER value decreases with the increasing CCT, and vice versa, and that Rf has significant improvements over the Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage (CIE) color rendering index (CRI) in avoiding spectral gaming and evaluating the light sources even with negative CIE general CRI (Ra). Further, the optimal peak wavelengths with regard to Rf were identified as 629 nm, 568 nm, 504 nm, and 447 nm, yielding high color rendering in terms of Rf(93∼94) and Ra(95∼97) and relatively excellent LER (299 lm/W∼339 lm/W) over a wide range of CCTs from 2800 to 6500 K. This suggests that Rf can be compatible with Ra, making it possible to obtain a common set of optimal peak wavelengths for Rf and Ra. Besides, the IES method could assess saturated red and skin tones more fairly than the CIE CRI. With a practical 17-channel LED array covering the resulted four optimal peak wavelengths, the improvements of the IES method over the CIE CRI were validated further.
@article{zhang_optimizing_2017,
	title = {Optimizing spectral compositions of multichannel {LED} light sources by {IES} color fidelity index and luminous efficacy of radiation},
	volume = {56},
	copyright = {© 2017 Optical Society of America},
	issn = {2155-3165},
	url = {https://www.osapublishing.org/abstract.cfm?uri=ao-56-7-1962},
	doi = {10.1364/AO.56.001962},
	abstract = {The trade-off between the color fidelity index (Rf) released recently by the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (IES) and luminous efficacy of radiation (LER) was investigated by adjusting the peak wavelengths, spectral widths, and intensities of four-channel LEDs utilizing a multiobjective optimization algorithm based on differential evolution in the correlated color temperature (CCT) ranging from 2800 to 6500 K for general lighting. The results indicate that Rf at a specific LER value decreases with the increasing CCT, and vice versa, and that Rf has significant improvements over the Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage (CIE) color rendering index (CRI) in avoiding spectral gaming and evaluating the light sources even with negative CIE general CRI (Ra). Further, the optimal peak wavelengths with regard to Rf were identified as 629 nm, 568 nm, 504 nm, and 447 nm, yielding high color rendering in terms of Rf(93∼94) and Ra(95∼97) and relatively excellent LER (299 lm/W∼339 lm/W) over a wide range of CCTs from 2800 to 6500 K. This suggests that Rf can be compatible with Ra, making it possible to obtain a common set of optimal peak wavelengths for Rf and Ra. Besides, the IES method could assess saturated red and skin tones more fairly than the CIE CRI. With a practical 17-channel LED array covering the resulted four optimal peak wavelengths, the improvements of the IES method over the CIE CRI were validated further.},
	language = {en},
	number = {7},
	urldate = {2017-10-06},
	journal = {Applied Optics},
	author = {Zhang, Fuzheng and Xu, Haisong and Wang, Zhehong},
	month = mar,
	year = {2017},
	keywords = {Color quality, LED},
	pages = {1962--1971},
}

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