@article{bahr_influence_1996,
	Author = {Bahr, Ruth Huntley and Pass, Kimberley J},
	Date = {1996},
	Date-Modified = {2016-09-24 18:55:58 +0000},
	Journal = {Forensic Linguistics},
	Keywords = {phonetics},
	Number = {1},
	Pages = {24-38},
	Title = {The influence of style-shifting on voice identification},
	Volume = {3},
	Abstract = {Effects of changes in speaker style on recognition accuracy were studied. Auditors (N = 34) were graduate students untrained in speech recognition; they compared sentence pairs recorded by African-American males (N = 5, aged 19-24) under three recording conditions: (1) talking casually with another African-American male, (2) speaking extemporaneously with the experimenter, \& (3) reading a standardized passage \& excerpts from the recordings (1) \& (2). Background noises were similar for all conditions. Sample phrases were paired for testing auditors' ability to identify the same or different speaker within or across recording conditions \& with or without a text. Listeners recognized a voice matched with itself significantly better in the same than in different recording environments; text dependence/independence influenced accuracy much less than did style shift. Results indicate caution in practicing speaker identification \& using it as evidence.}}