Solvent Effect on the Self-Assembled Structure of an Amphiphilic Perylene Diimide Derivative. Yang, X., Xu, X., & Ji, H. Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 112:7196–7202, 2008.
Solvent Effect on the Self-Assembled Structure of an Amphiphilic Perylene Diimide Derivative [pdf]Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   
An amphiphilic electron-deficient (n-type) perylene diimide has been synthesized and characterized. The diimide contains a hydrophobic long chain on one end and a hydrophilic ethoxy chain on the other. The self-assembly of this molecule in polar and nonpolar solvents has been demonstrated by concentration- and temperaturedependent absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies. Analysis of the spectral change for the aggregates shows typical J-aggregates for structures precipitated from polar solvents and H-aggregates for structures precipitated from nonpolar solvents. SEM and TEM micrographs and a suggested packing scheme, compatible with the formation of nanostrips in nonpolar solvents and nanofibers in polar solvents, are presented.

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