\n

\n \n 2021\n \n \n (2)\n \n \n

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\n \n \n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The role of time and mixing in the degradation of terrestrial derived dissolved organic carbon in lakes of varying trophic status.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Magyan, S.; and Dempsey, C., M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, 8: 100065. 2021.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n \n $\"The$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {The role of time and mixing in the degradation of terrestrial derived dissolved organic carbon in lakes of varying trophic status},\n type = {article},\n year = {2021},\n keywords = {Dissolved organic carbon,Photodegradation,Biodegra,dissolved organic carbon},\n pages = {100065},\n volume = {8},\n websites = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpap.2021.100065},\n publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},\n id = {9ccf080f-547e-30db-946d-7d30ca8a7718},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:14.030Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:54:29.140Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The processing of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in lakes has important implications for aquatic metabolism, temperature, and how organisms respond to sunlight. In temperate lakes, few studies have focused on the degradation of terrestrially derived dissolved organic carbon (tDOC). Here, we conducted three experiments to evaluate the long-term response to both photodegradation and biodegradation of tDOC, the short-term response to the photodegradation of tDOC, and the effects of mixing tDOC with surface water from each lake. We measured changes in DOC concentration and colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) due to photo and or biodegradation in three lakes of varying trophic status. Results showed that tDOC is capable of being photodegraded up to 90 days and that biodegradation can take up 20 days to become relevant in certain systems. The short-term experiment depicted variable changes in each lake. Mixing surface and ground water together in varying ratios provided a clear response pattern in Lake Lacawac, but not in the other lakes.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Magyan, Sarah and Dempsey, Christopher M.},\n doi = {10.1016/j.jpap.2021.100065},\n journal = {Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology}\n}

\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Global data set of long-term summertime vertical temperature profiles in 153 lakes.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Pilla, R., M.; Mette, E., M.; Williamson, C., E.; Adamovich, B., V.; Adrian, R.; Anneville, O.; Balseiro, E.; Ban, S.; Chandra, S.; Colom-Montero, W.; Devlin, S., P.; Dix, M., A.; Dokulil, M., T.; Feldsine, N., A.; Feuchtmayr, H.; Fogarty, N., K.; Gaiser, E., E.; Girdner, S., F.; González, M., J.; Hambright, K., D.; Hamilton, D., P.; Havens, K.; Hessen, D., O.; Hetzenauer, H.; Higgins, S., N.; Huttula, T., H.; Huuskonen, H.; Isles, P., D.; Joehnk, K., D.; Keller, W., B.; Klug, J.; Knoll, L., B.; Korhonen, J.; Korovchinsky, N., M.; Köster, O.; Kraemer, B., M.; Leavitt, P., R.; Leoni, B.; Lepori, F.; Lepskaya, E., V.; Lottig, N., R.; Luger, M., S.; Maberly, S., C.; MacIntyre, S.; McBride, C.; McIntyre, P.; Melles, S., J.; Modenutti, B.; Müller-Navarra, D., C.; Pacholski, L.; Paterson, A., M.; Pierson, D., C.; Pislegina, H., V.; Plisnier, P., D.; Richardson, D., C.; Rimmer, A.; Rogora, M.; Rogozin, D., Y.; Rusak, J., A.; Rusanovskaya, O., O.; Sadro, S.; Salmaso, N.; Saros, J., E.; Sarvala, J.; Saulnier-Talbot, É.; Schindler, D., E.; Shimaraeva, S., V.; Silow, E., A.; Sitoki, L., M.; Sommaruga, R.; Straile, D.; Strock, K., E.; Swain, H.; Tallant, J., M.; Thiery, W.; Timofeyev, M., A.; Tolomeev, A., P.; Tominaga, K.; Vanni, M., J.; Verburg, P.; Vinebrooke, R., D.; Wanzenböck, J.; Weathers, K.; Weyhenmeyer, G., A.; Zadereev, E., S.; and Zhukova, T., V.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Scientific Data, 8(1): 1-12. 2021.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Global$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {Global data set of long-term summertime vertical temperature profiles in 153 lakes},\n type = {article},\n year = {2021},\n pages = {1-12},\n volume = {8},\n id = {77f6c5e4-7db3-3156-b95e-fcaf4bf1473a},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:14.746Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:55:28.002Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Climate change and other anthropogenic stressors have led to long-term changes in the thermal structure, including surface temperatures, deepwater temperatures, and vertical thermal gradients, in many lakes around the world. Though many studies highlight warming of surface water temperatures in lakes worldwide, less is known about long-term trends in full vertical thermal structure and deepwater temperatures, which have been changing less consistently in both direction and magnitude. Here, we present a globally-expansive data set of summertime in-situ vertical temperature profiles from 153 lakes, with one time series beginning as early as 1894. We also compiled lake geographic, morphometric, and water quality variables that can influence vertical thermal structure through a variety of potential mechanisms in these lakes. These long-term time series of vertical temperature profiles and corresponding lake characteristics serve as valuable data to help understand changes and drivers of lake thermal structure in a time of rapid global and ecological change.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Pilla, Rachel M. and Mette, Elizabeth M. and Williamson, Craig E. and Adamovich, Boris V. and Adrian, Rita and Anneville, Orlane and Balseiro, Esteban and Ban, Syuhei and Chandra, Sudeep and Colom-Montero, William and Devlin, Shawn P. and Dix, Margaret A. and Dokulil, Martin T. and Feldsine, Natalie A. and Feuchtmayr, Heidrun and Fogarty, Natalie K. and Gaiser, Evelyn E. and Girdner, Scott F. and González, María J. and Hambright, K. David and Hamilton, David P. and Havens, Karl and Hessen, Dag O. and Hetzenauer, Harald and Higgins, Scott N. and Huttula, Timo H. and Huuskonen, Hannu and Isles, Peter D.F. and Joehnk, Klaus D. and Keller, Wendel Bill and Klug, Jen and Knoll, Lesley B. and Korhonen, Johanna and Korovchinsky, Nikolai M. and Köster, Oliver and Kraemer, Benjamin M. and Leavitt, Peter R. and Leoni, Barbara and Lepori, Fabio and Lepskaya, Ekaterina V. and Lottig, Noah R. and Luger, Martin S. and Maberly, Stephen C. and MacIntyre, Sally and McBride, Chris and McIntyre, Peter and Melles, Stephanie J. and Modenutti, Beatriz and Müller-Navarra, Dörthe C. and Pacholski, Laura and Paterson, Andrew M. and Pierson, Don C. and Pislegina, Helen V. and Plisnier, Pierre Denis and Richardson, David C. and Rimmer, Alon and Rogora, Michela and Rogozin, Denis Y. and Rusak, James A. and Rusanovskaya, Olga O. and Sadro, Steve and Salmaso, Nico and Saros, Jasmine E. and Sarvala, Jouko and Saulnier-Talbot, Émilie and Schindler, Daniel E. and Shimaraeva, Svetlana V. and Silow, Eugene A. and Sitoki, Lewis M. and Sommaruga, Ruben and Straile, Dietmar and Strock, Kristin E. and Swain, Hilary and Tallant, Jason M. and Thiery, Wim and Timofeyev, Maxim A. and Tolomeev, Alexander P. and Tominaga, Koji and Vanni, Michael J. and Verburg, Piet and Vinebrooke, Rolf D. and Wanzenböck, Josef and Weathers, Kathleen and Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A. and Zadereev, Egor S. and Zhukova, Tatyana V.},\n doi = {10.1038/s41597-021-00983-y},\n journal = {Scientific Data},\n number = {1}\n}

\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n

\n \n 2019\n \n \n (3)\n \n \n

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\n \n \n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The interactive effects of stratospheric ozone depletion, UV radiation, and climate change on aquatic ecosystems.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Williamson, C., E.; Neale, P., J.; Hylander, S.; Rose, K., C.; Figueroa, F., L.; Robinson, S., A.; Häder, D., P.; Wängberg, S.; and Worrest, R., C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences, 18(3): 717-746. 2019.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {The interactive effects of stratospheric ozone depletion, UV radiation, and climate change on aquatic ecosystems},\n type = {article},\n year = {2019},\n pages = {717-746},\n volume = {18},\n publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry},\n id = {9a63a32d-d973-3dab-af56-eee226dca074},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:10.043Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:50:25.894Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {false},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {This assessment summarises the current state of knowledge on the interactive effects of ozone depletion and climate change on aquatic ecosystems, focusing on how these affect exposures to UV radiation in both inland and oceanic waters. The ways in which stratospheric ozone depletion is directly altering climate in the southern hemisphere and the consequent extensive effects on aquatic ecosystems are also addressed. The primary objective is to synthesise novel findings over the past four years in the context of the existing understanding of ecosystem response to UV radiation and the interactive effects of climate change. If it were not for the Montreal Protocol, stratospheric ozone depletion would have led to high levels of exposure to solar UV radiation with much stronger negative effects on all trophic levels in aquatic ecosystems than currently experienced in both inland and oceanic waters. This “world avoided” scenario that has curtailed ozone depletion, means that climate change and other environmental variables will play the primary role in regulating the exposure of aquatic organisms to solar UV radiation. Reductions in the thickness and duration of snow and ice cover are increasing the levels of exposure of aquatic organisms to UV radiation. Climate change was also expected to increase exposure by causing shallow mixed layers, but new data show deepening in some regions and shoaling in others. In contrast, climate-change related increases in heavy precipitation and melting of glaciers and permafrost are increasing the concentration and colour of UV-absorbing dissolved organic matter (DOM) and particulates. This is leading to the “browning” of many inland and coastal waters, with consequent loss of the valuable ecosystem service in which solar UV radiation disinfects surface waters of parasites and pathogens. Many organisms can reduce damage due to exposure to UV radiation through behavioural avoidance, photoprotection, and photoenzymatic repair, but meta-analyses continue to confirm negative effects of UV radiation across all trophic levels. Modeling studies estimating photoinhibition of primary production in parts of the Pacific Ocean have demonstrated that the UV radiation component of sunlight leads to a 20% decrease in estimates of primary productivity. Exposure to UV radiation can also lead to positive effects on some organisms by damaging less UV-tolerant predators, competitors, and pathogens. UV radiation also contributes to the formation of microplastic pollutants and interacts with artificial sunscreens and other pollutants with adverse effects on aquatic ecosystems. Exposure to UV-B radiation can decrease the toxicity of some pollutants such as methyl mercury (due to its role in demethylation) but increase the toxicity of other pollutants such as some pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Feeding on microplastics by zooplankton can lead to bioaccumulation in fish. Microplastics are found in up to 20% of fish marketed for human consumption, potentially threatening food security. Depletion of stratospheric ozone has altered climate in the southern hemisphere in ways that have increased oceanic productivity and consequently the growth, survival and reproduction of many sea birds and mammals. In contrast, warmer sea surface temperatures related to these climate shifts are also correlated with declines in both kelp beds in Tasmania and corals in Brazil. This assessment demonstrates that knowledge of the interactive effects of ozone depletion, UV radiation, and climate change factors on aquatic ecosystems has advanced considerably over the past four years and confirms the importance of considering synergies between environmental factors.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Williamson, Craig E. and Neale, Patrick J. and Hylander, Samuel and Rose, Kevin C. and Figueroa, Félix L. and Robinson, Sharon A. and Häder, Donat P. and Wängberg, S. and Worrest, Robert C.},\n doi = {10.1039/C8PP90062K},\n journal = {Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences},\n number = {3}\n}

\n

\n\n\n

\n This assessment summarises the current state of knowledge on the interactive effects of ozone depletion and climate change on aquatic ecosystems, focusing on how these affect exposures to UV radiation in both inland and oceanic waters. The ways in which stratospheric ozone depletion is directly altering climate in the southern hemisphere and the consequent extensive effects on aquatic ecosystems are also addressed. The primary objective is to synthesise novel findings over the past four years in the context of the existing understanding of ecosystem response to UV radiation and the interactive effects of climate change. If it were not for the Montreal Protocol, stratospheric ozone depletion would have led to high levels of exposure to solar UV radiation with much stronger negative effects on all trophic levels in aquatic ecosystems than currently experienced in both inland and oceanic waters. This “world avoided” scenario that has curtailed ozone depletion, means that climate change and other environmental variables will play the primary role in regulating the exposure of aquatic organisms to solar UV radiation. Reductions in the thickness and duration of snow and ice cover are increasing the levels of exposure of aquatic organisms to UV radiation. Climate change was also expected to increase exposure by causing shallow mixed layers, but new data show deepening in some regions and shoaling in others. In contrast, climate-change related increases in heavy precipitation and melting of glaciers and permafrost are increasing the concentration and colour of UV-absorbing dissolved organic matter (DOM) and particulates. This is leading to the “browning” of many inland and coastal waters, with consequent loss of the valuable ecosystem service in which solar UV radiation disinfects surface waters of parasites and pathogens. Many organisms can reduce damage due to exposure to UV radiation through behavioural avoidance, photoprotection, and photoenzymatic repair, but meta-analyses continue to confirm negative effects of UV radiation across all trophic levels. Modeling studies estimating photoinhibition of primary production in parts of the Pacific Ocean have demonstrated that the UV radiation component of sunlight leads to a 20% decrease in estimates of primary productivity. Exposure to UV radiation can also lead to positive effects on some organisms by damaging less UV-tolerant predators, competitors, and pathogens. UV radiation also contributes to the formation of microplastic pollutants and interacts with artificial sunscreens and other pollutants with adverse effects on aquatic ecosystems. Exposure to UV-B radiation can decrease the toxicity of some pollutants such as methyl mercury (due to its role in demethylation) but increase the toxicity of other pollutants such as some pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Feeding on microplastics by zooplankton can lead to bioaccumulation in fish. Microplastics are found in up to 20% of fish marketed for human consumption, potentially threatening food security. Depletion of stratospheric ozone has altered climate in the southern hemisphere in ways that have increased oceanic productivity and consequently the growth, survival and reproduction of many sea birds and mammals. In contrast, warmer sea surface temperatures related to these climate shifts are also correlated with declines in both kelp beds in Tasmania and corals in Brazil. This assessment demonstrates that knowledge of the interactive effects of ozone depletion, UV radiation, and climate change factors on aquatic ecosystems has advanced considerably over the past four years and confirms the importance of considering synergies between environmental factors.\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The potential for citizen science to produce reliable and useful information in ecology.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Brown, E., D.; and Williams, B., K.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Conservation Biology, 33(3): 561-569. 2019.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {The potential for citizen science to produce reliable and useful information in ecology},\n type = {article},\n year = {2019},\n keywords = {data quality,ecological science,project design,volunteers},\n pages = {561-569},\n volume = {33},\n id = {53f6c048-851b-332b-98ea-10beb2e2db6f},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:13.912Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:54:11.811Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {We examined features of citizen science that influence data quality, inferential power, and usefulness in ecology. As background context for our examination, we considered topics such as ecological sampling (probability based, purposive, opportunistic), linkage between sampling technique and statistical inference (design based, model based), and scientific paradigms (confirmatory, exploratory). We distinguished several types of citizen science investigations, from intensive research with rigorous protocols targeting clearly articulated questions to mass-participation internet-based projects with opportunistic data collection lacking sampling design, and examined overarching objectives, design, analysis, volunteer training, and performance. We identified key features that influence data quality: project objectives, design and analysis, and volunteer training and performance. Projects with good designs, trained volunteers, and professional oversight can meet statistical criteria to produce high-quality data with strong inferential power and therefore are well suited for ecological research objectives. Projects with opportunistic data collection, little or no sampling design, and minimal volunteer training are better suited for general objectives related to public education or data exploration because reliable statistical estimation can be difficult or impossible. In some cases, statistically robust analytical methods, external data, or both may increase the inferential power of certain opportunistically collected data. Ecological management, especially by government agencies, frequently requires data suitable for reliable inference. With standardized protocols, state-of-the-art analytical methods, and well-supervised programs, citizen science can make valuable contributions to conservation by increasing the scope of species monitoring efforts. Data quality can be improved by adhering to basic principles of data collection and analysis, designing studies to provide the data quality required, and including suitable statistical expertise, thereby strengthening the science aspect of citizen science and enhancing acceptance by the scientific community and decision makers.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Brown, Eleanor D. and Williams, Byron K.},\n doi = {10.1111/cobi.13223},\n journal = {Conservation Biology},\n number = {3}\n}

\n

\n\n\n

\n We examined features of citizen science that influence data quality, inferential power, and usefulness in ecology. As background context for our examination, we considered topics such as ecological sampling (probability based, purposive, opportunistic), linkage between sampling technique and statistical inference (design based, model based), and scientific paradigms (confirmatory, exploratory). We distinguished several types of citizen science investigations, from intensive research with rigorous protocols targeting clearly articulated questions to mass-participation internet-based projects with opportunistic data collection lacking sampling design, and examined overarching objectives, design, analysis, volunteer training, and performance. We identified key features that influence data quality: project objectives, design and analysis, and volunteer training and performance. Projects with good designs, trained volunteers, and professional oversight can meet statistical criteria to produce high-quality data with strong inferential power and therefore are well suited for ecological research objectives. Projects with opportunistic data collection, little or no sampling design, and minimal volunteer training are better suited for general objectives related to public education or data exploration because reliable statistical estimation can be difficult or impossible. In some cases, statistically robust analytical methods, external data, or both may increase the inferential power of certain opportunistically collected data. Ecological management, especially by government agencies, frequently requires data suitable for reliable inference. With standardized protocols, state-of-the-art analytical methods, and well-supervised programs, citizen science can make valuable contributions to conservation by increasing the scope of species monitoring efforts. Data quality can be improved by adhering to basic principles of data collection and analysis, designing studies to provide the data quality required, and including suitable statistical expertise, thereby strengthening the science aspect of citizen science and enhancing acceptance by the scientific community and decision makers.\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Engagement and Communication Features of Scientifically Successful Citizen Science Projects.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Golumbic, Y., N.; Baram-Tsabari, A.; and Koichu, B.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Environmental Communication, 4032. 2019.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Engagement$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {Engagement and Communication Features of Scientifically Successful Citizen Science Projects},\n type = {article},\n year = {2019},\n keywords = {Public engagement,citizen science,design,public participation in scientific research},\n volume = {4032},\n id = {48711938-fb3f-3462-89aa-22cb13a6de61},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:14.176Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:54:40.206Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The rise of citizen science in the past decade has brought many opportunities for scientists and publics alongside many challenges and questions regarding best practices. These include questions regarding public engagement, project design and measures of success. The aim of this study is to better understand what makes citizen science projects scientifically successful, and highlight what can be learned and implemented in future project design. We focus on scientifically productive projects as a success measure that can encourage greater scientists’ involvement in citizen science, and analyze five of these projects for factors that contribute to their success. We found that although all projects have strong scientific goals, they all have additional strong emphases on communication and social practices, providing a good user experience and generating motivation and empowerment. We provide five heuristics for the future design of citizen science projects, which focus on engagement and communication features which we believe are important for citizen science project success.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Golumbic, Yaela N. and Baram-Tsabari, Ayelet and Koichu, Boris},\n doi = {10.1080/17524032.2019.1687101},\n journal = {Environmental Communication}\n}

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\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n

\n \n 2018\n \n \n (4)\n \n \n

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\n \n \n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Browning-related oxygen depletion in an oligotrophic lake.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Knoll, L., B.; Williamson, C., E.; Pilla, R., M.; Leach, T., H.; Brentrup, J., A.; and Fisher, T., J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Inland Waters, 8(3): 255-263. 7 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Browning-related$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {Browning-related oxygen depletion in an oligotrophic lake},\n type = {article},\n year = {2018},\n keywords = {anoxia,browning,dissolved organic carbon,dissolved oxygen,lakes},\n pages = {255-263},\n volume = {8},\n month = {7},\n publisher = {Taylor and Francis Ltd.},\n day = {3},\n id = {f5778676-5b2f-3e70-a045-8ad8a495ff52},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:11.976Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:52:05.731Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {false},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Knoll2018},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {In recent decades, terrestrial dissolved organic matter (DOM) has increased in many northeastern North American and European lakes and is contributing to long-term browning. We used a long-term dataset (1988–2014) to study the consequences of browning-related decreased water transparency on dissolved oxygen dynamics in 2 small temperate lakes in Pennsylvania, USA, that differ in their dissolved organic carbon concentrations. The oligotrophic (“clearer”) lake has low productivity and historically oxygenated deep waters. The mesotrophic–slightly dystrophic (“browner”) lake also has relatively low productivity but historically anoxic deep waters. We examined whether browning coincided with changes in summer dissolved oxygen dynamics, with a focus on deep-water oxygen depletion. In the clearer lake, we found that minimum oxygen concentrations decreased by ∼4.4 mg L−1 over the 27-year period, and these changes were strongly associated with both decreased water transparency and increased water column stability. We also found a shallowing of the maximum dissolved oxygen depth by ∼4.5 m and anoxic conditions established in more recent years. In the browner lake, the metrics we used did not detect any significant changes in dissolved oxygen, supporting the prediction that vertical temperature and oxygen patterns in clearer lakes may be more sensitive to increasing DOM than darker lakes. Anoxia is traditionally considered to be a consequence of anthropogenic nutrient loading and, more recently, a warming climate. We show that browning is another type of environmental change that may similarly result in anoxia in oligotrophic lakes.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Knoll, Lesley B. and Williamson, Craig E. and Pilla, Rachel M. and Leach, Taylor H. and Brentrup, Jennifer A. and Fisher, Thomas J.},\n doi = {10.1080/20442041.2018.1452355},\n journal = {Inland Waters},\n number = {3}\n}

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\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Browning-Related Decreases in Water Transparency Lead to Long-Term Increases in Surface Water Temperature and Thermal Stratification in Two Small Lakes.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Pilla, R., M.; Williamson, C., E.; Zhang, J.; Smyth, R., L.; Lenters, J., D.; Brentrup, J., A.; Knoll, L., B.; and Fisher, T., J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 123(5): 1651-1665. 5 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Browning-Related$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {Browning-Related Decreases in Water Transparency Lead to Long-Term Increases in Surface Water Temperature and Thermal Stratification in Two Small Lakes},\n type = {article},\n year = {2018},\n keywords = {climate change,lake browning,thermal stratification,thermal structure,water transparency},\n pages = {1651-1665},\n volume = {123},\n month = {5},\n publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Ltd},\n day = {1},\n id = {277fac3b-fbc6-387e-b70f-da5e4bb187b5},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:14.327Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:54:57.622Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {false},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Surface water temperatures are warming in many lakes across the globe, and this is widely attributed to warming air temperatures. Yet two lakes in Pennsylvania (USA) have shown long-term increases in surface water temperatures over the past 27 summers during a period with no significant increase in regional air temperature. We examined the relationship between long-term trends in seven metrics of whole-lake thermal structure in two lakes and several potential driver variables. Driver variables included water transparency, lake pH, and meteorological variables. Both lakes exhibited significant surface warming and hypolimnetic cooling, resulting in stronger thermal stratification that further reduced mixing and heat transfer to deep waters. During this time period, there were no long-term trends in solar radiation or in thawing degree days, but annual precipitation and lake pH increased. Water transparency greatly decreased due to increased dissolved organic matter quantity and color, most likely due to increased precipitation and recovery from anthropogenic acidification. In both lakes, the changes in lake thermal structure and heat distribution were strongly related to the decreases in water transparency and increases in dissolved organic matter. This transparency-mediated mechanism may augment the effects of air temperature-driven lake warming in other regions where decreasing transparency is also prevalent, further enhancing increases in surface water temperature and thermal stratification. These results have important ecological and biogeochemical implications, highlighting the need for investigations of multiple drivers to fully understand how lakes will respond to future climate change.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Pilla, Rachel M. and Williamson, Craig E. and Zhang, Jing and Smyth, Robyn L. and Lenters, John D. and Brentrup, Jennifer A. and Knoll, Lesley B. and Fisher, Thomas J.},\n doi = {10.1029/2017JG004321},\n journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences},\n number = {5}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The threefold potential of environmental citizen science - Generating knowledge, creating learning opportunities and enabling civic participation.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Turrini, T.; Dörler, D.; Richter, A.; Heigl, F.; and Bonn, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biological Conservation, 225(July): 176-186. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n \n $\"The$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {The threefold potential of environmental citizen science - Generating knowledge, creating learning opportunities and enabling civic participation},\n type = {article},\n year = {2018},\n keywords = {Citizen science funding,Civic participation,Environmental citizen science,Environmental education,Learning,Public participation in scientific research},\n pages = {176-186},\n volume = {225},\n websites = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2018.03.024},\n publisher = {Elsevier},\n id = {dca6c221-86b4-3924-8939-7603e70b74ba},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:14.440Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:54:51.371Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Citizen science offers significant innovation potential in science, society and policy. To foster environmental and conservation goals, citizen science can (i) generate new knowledge, (ii) enhance awareness raising and facilitate in-depth learning as well as (iii) enable civic participation. Here, we investigate how these aims are realised in citizen science projects and assess needs and challenges for advancing citizen science and stimulating future initiatives. To this end, we conducted a quantitative, web-based survey with 143 experts from the environmental and educational sector in Germany, Austria and Switzerland. Our findings show that citizen science project managers pursue goals related to all three areas of potential impact. Interestingly, enabling civic participation was considered slightly less important in relation to generating new knowledge and creating learning opportunities. Different areas of necessary action emerge from our analysis. To fully realize the potential of citizen science for generating knowledge, priority should be given to enhance capacities to more effectively share research results with the scientific community through publication, also in scientific journals. Systematic evaluation is needed to gain a better understanding of citizen science learning outcomes, for which criteria need to be developed. Fostering project formats that allow participants to get involved in the whole research process – from posing the study question to implementing results – could enhance the transformative aspect of citizen science at a societal level. Important structural aspects that need to be addressed include adjustments in funding schemes, facilitation of communication between citizens and academia-based scientists, and offers for training, guidance and networking.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Turrini, Tabea and Dörler, Daniel and Richter, Anett and Heigl, Florian and Bonn, Aletta},\n doi = {10.1016/j.biocon.2018.03.024},\n journal = {Biological Conservation},\n number = {July}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Magnetic particulates as markers of fossil fuel burning.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Hounslow, M., W.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Encyclopaedia of the Anthropocene, pages 179-188. Elias, S., A., editor(s). Elsevier Science, 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Encyclopaedia$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@inbook{\n type = {inbook},\n year = {2018},\n keywords = {coal,diesel,fly-ash,hematite,industrial revolution,lake sediments,magnetic,magnetite,particulate pollution,peat,remanence,spherules,susceptibility,vehicle particulates},\n pages = {179-188},\n publisher = {Elsevier Science},\n city = {Amsterdam},\n id = {967401f9-99cf-3f3d-9106-f76fae900ec0},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:15.077Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:50:33.862Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {inbook},\n author = {Hounslow, Mark W},\n editor = {Elias, Scott A.},\n chapter = {Magnetic particulates as markers of fossil fuel burning},\n title = {Encyclopaedia of the Anthropocene}\n}

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\n \n 2017\n \n \n (4)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Heterotrophic and mixotrophic nanoflagellates in a mesotrophic lake: Abundance and grazing impacts across season and depth.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Princiotta, S., D., V.; and Sanders, R., W.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Limnology and Oceanography, 62(2): 632-644. 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Heterotrophic$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {Heterotrophic and mixotrophic nanoflagellates in a mesotrophic lake: Abundance and grazing impacts across season and depth},\n type = {article},\n year = {2017},\n pages = {632-644},\n volume = {62},\n id = {cda75815-11f3-34cb-9572-30184ca45d3d},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:11.458Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:51:52.076Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Nanoflagellates are recognized as fundamental members of the planktonic microbial food web due to their contribution to photosynthetic fixation of carbon and phagotrophic ingestion of bacteria. Although the presence, and often dominance, of mixotrophic nutrition among phytoflagellates has been well documented within a variety of aquatic ecosystems and in a range of taxa, few studies have assessed the abundance and grazing impact of mixotrophs in comparison to their photosynthetic and heterotrophic counterparts across seasons at multiple depths. Abundance and, as appropriate, bacterivory of phototrophic, heterotrophic, and mixotrophic nanoflagellates were quantified at three depths over a 15-month period in Lake Lacawac (Pocono Mountains, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.) via microscopic analysis of ingested bacterial surrogates. The absolute and relative abundances of all nanoflagellate trophic groups varied with season and depth, likely as a result of differences in physiological tolerance. Whereas the abundance of phototrophic and heterotrophic nanoflagellates varied with depth in both the presence and absence of thermal stratification, mixotrophic protists were evenly distributed throughout the water column during mixis. The abundances of phototrophic and mixotrophic protists were significantly correlated, but only in surface waters during periods of thermal stratification. Grazing rate and consequent impact by bacterivorous nanoflagellates varied with depth across season, particularly during thermal stratification. Mixotrophic bacterivory exceeded that of heterotrophs in the epi- and metalimnion during stratification, removing an estimated maximum of 80% of the bacterial standing stock d−1. The relative contribution of heterotrophic nanoflagellates to community bacterivory increased with depth, even during mixis, and dominated the grazing impact in the hypolimnion.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Princiotta, Sarah De Vaul and Sanders, Robert W.},\n doi = {10.1002/lno.10450},\n journal = {Limnology and Oceanography},\n number = {2}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n A new circumscription for the common and widespread North American species Physcia subtilis, and description of a new species, P. thomsoniana.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Esslinger, T., L.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Opuscula Philolichenum, 16: 139-152. 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"A$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {A new circumscription for the common and widespread North American species Physcia subtilis, and description of a new species, P. thomsoniana},\n type = {article},\n year = {2017},\n keywords = {Eastern North America,Macrolichens,Physciaceae,Taxonomy,Thallus tissues},\n pages = {139-152},\n volume = {16},\n id = {a10ce7d4-825b-3eb9-af02-3154cb23a596},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:11.512Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:51:45.999Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The common eastern North American species Physcia subtilis is shown to be heterogeneous and to consist of at least two distinct species, one of them smaller, with consistently narrow lobes and a top to bottom paraplectenchymatous thallus anatomy, and the other an often larger species, with lobes varying from narrow to considerably broader, and a more typical thallus anatomy with a medulla composed of distinct hyphae. Based on the type material and protologue, the name P. subtilis belongs to the less common, smaller species, and the other taxon is here described as the new species, P. thomsoniana.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Esslinger, Theodore L.},\n journal = {Opuscula Philolichenum}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Transparency, geomorphology and mixing regime explain variability in trends in lake temperature and stratification across Northeastern North America (1975-2014).\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Richardson, D., C.; Melles, S., J.; Pilla, R., M.; Hetherington, A., L.; Knoll, L., B.; Williamson, C., E.; Kraemer, B., M.; Jackson, J., R.; Long, E., C.; Moore, K.; Rudstam, L., G.; Rusak, J., A.; Saros, J., E.; Sharma, S.; Strock, K., E.; Weathers, K., C.; and Wigdahl-Perry, C., R.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Water (Switzerland), 9(6). 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Transparency,$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {Transparency, geomorphology and mixing regime explain variability in trends in lake temperature and stratification across Northeastern North America (1975-2014)},\n type = {article},\n year = {2017},\n keywords = {Climate change,Lakes as sentinels,Macrosystems,Temperature,Thermal stratification,Warming},\n volume = {9},\n id = {6a97455e-260c-3002-a65f-833a82c2180f},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:12.809Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:53:05.210Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Lake surface water temperatures are warming worldwide, raising concerns about the future integrity of valuable lake ecosystem services. In contrast to surface water temperatures, we know far less about what is happening to water temperature beneath the surface, where most organisms live. Moreover, we know little about which characteristics make lakes more or less sensitive to climate change and other environmental stressors. We examined changes in lake thermal structure for 231 lakes across northeastern North America (NENA), a region with an exceptionally high density of lakes. We determined how lake thermal structure has changed in recent decades (1975-2012) and assessed which lake characteristics are related to changes in lake thermal structure. In general, NENA lakes had increasing near-surface temperatures and thermal stratification strength. On average, changes in deepwater temperatures for the 231 lakes were not significantly different than zero, but individually, half of the lakes experienced warming and half cooling deepwater temperature through time. More transparent lakes (Secchi transparency >5 m) tended to have higher near-surface warming and greater increases in strength of thermal stratification than less transparent lakes. Whole-lake warming was greatest in polymictic lakes, where frequent summer mixing distributed heat throughout the water column. Lakes often function as important sentinels of climate change, but lake characteristics within and across regions modify the magnitude of the signal with important implications for lake biology, ecology and chemistry.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Richardson, David C. and Melles, Stephanie J. and Pilla, Rachel M. and Hetherington, Amy L. and Knoll, Lesley B. and Williamson, Craig E. and Kraemer, Benjamin M. and Jackson, James R. and Long, Elizabeth C. and Moore, Karen and Rudstam, Lars G. and Rusak, James A. and Saros, Jasmine E. and Sharma, Sapna and Strock, Kristin E. and Weathers, Kathleen C. and Wigdahl-Perry, Courtney R.},\n doi = {10.3390/w9060442},\n journal = {Water (Switzerland)},\n number = {6}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Global patterns in lake ecosystem responses to warming based on the temperature dependence of metabolism.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Kraemer, B., M.; Chandra, S.; Dell, A., I.; Dix, M.; Kuusisto, E.; Livingstone, D., M.; Schladow, S., G.; Silow, E.; Sitoki, L., M.; Tamatamah, R.; and McIntyre, P., B.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global Change Biology, 23(5): 1881-1890. 5 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Global$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {Global patterns in lake ecosystem responses to warming based on the temperature dependence of metabolism},\n type = {article},\n year = {2017},\n keywords = {aquatic,carbon,climate change,fish,long-term,methane,temperature,tropics},\n pages = {1881-1890},\n volume = {23},\n month = {5},\n publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Ltd},\n day = {1},\n id = {ad2cca68-7005-3652-951e-b702f3dc27aa},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:14.085Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:54:26.044Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {false},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Climate warming is expected to have large effects on ecosystems in part due to the temperature dependence of metabolism. The responses of metabolic rates to climate warming may be greatest in the tropics and at low elevations because mean temperatures are warmer there and metabolic rates respond exponentially to temperature (with exponents >1). However, if warming rates are sufficiently fast in higher latitude/elevation lakes, metabolic rate responses to warming may still be greater there even though metabolic rates respond exponentially to temperature. Thus, a wide range of global patterns in the magnitude of metabolic rate responses to warming could emerge depending on global patterns of temperature and warming rates. Here we use the Boltzmann–Arrhenius equation, published estimates of activation energy, and time series of temperature from 271 lakes to estimate long-term (1970–2010) changes in 64 metabolic processes in lakes. The estimated responses of metabolic processes to warming were usually greatest in tropical/low-elevation lakes even though surface temperatures in higher latitude/elevation lakes are warming faster. However, when the thermal sensitivity of a metabolic process is especially weak, higher latitude/elevation lakes had larger responses to warming in parallel with warming rates. Our results show that the sensitivity of a given response to temperature (as described by its activation energy) provides a simple heuristic for predicting whether tropical/low-elevation lakes will have larger or smaller metabolic responses to warming than higher latitude/elevation lakes. Overall, we conclude that the direct metabolic consequences of lake warming are likely to be felt most strongly at low latitudes and low elevations where metabolism-linked ecosystem services may be most affected.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Kraemer, Benjamin M. and Chandra, Sudeep and Dell, Anthony I. and Dix, Margaret and Kuusisto, Esko and Livingstone, David M. and Schladow, S. Geoffrey and Silow, Eugene and Sitoki, Lewis M. and Tamatamah, Rashid and McIntyre, Peter B.},\n doi = {10.1111/gcb.13459},\n journal = {Global Change Biology},\n number = {5}\n}

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\n \n 2016\n \n \n (2)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Quantifying pelagic phosphorus regeneration using three methods in lakes of varying productivity.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Knoll, L., B.; Morgan, A.; Vanni, M., J.; Leach, T., H.; Williamson, T., J.; and Brentrup, J., A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Inland Waters, 6(4): 509-522. 2016.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Quantifying$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {Quantifying pelagic phosphorus regeneration using three methods in lakes of varying productivity},\n type = {article},\n year = {2016},\n keywords = {GLEON,High-frequency sensors,Lakes,Metabolism,Nutrient recycling,Phosphorus regeneration,Primary production},\n pages = {509-522},\n volume = {6},\n id = {98a0bb0f-e51e-3df0-9699-71f3d71c5a28},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:11.789Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:52:11.735Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Phosphorus (P) is often a limiting nutrient in freshwater ecosystems, and understanding P dynamics in lakes is critical for eutrophication management. Pelagic P regeneration can support a large fraction of primary production in stratified freshwaters. Various techniques have been used to quantify pelagic P regeneration including (1) P mass balance supply-demand, (2) regression using total P as a predictor, and, more recently, (3) whole-lake metabolism calculated from highfrequency dissolved oxygen (DO) data. To our knowledge no study comparing these methods in multiple lakes has been performed. To compare these 3 approaches, we investigated 3 Global Lake Ecological Observatory Network (GLEON) lakes that differ in productivity: Acton, a Midwestern USA hypereutrophic reservoir; and 2 Northeastern USA glacial lakes, oligotrophic Giles and mesotrophic/dystrophic Lacawac. In Acton, we used all 3 methods, but for Giles and Lacawac we used only the total P regression and metabolism techniques. Our results show the best agreement among methods in the mesotrophic lake, whereas the metabolism approach underestimated regeneration in the oligotrophic lake and overestimated regeneration in the hypereutrophic reservoir compared with other methods. P regeneration rates for the hypereutrophic reservoir were the most sensitive to the metabolism-based input parameters. Our study illustrates a novel use of high-frequency DO data, which are commonly collected on many GLEON buoys, to understand lake nutrient dynamics.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Knoll, Lesley B. and Morgan, Anne and Vanni, Michael J. and Leach, Taylor H. and Williamson, Tanner J. and Brentrup, Jennifer A.},\n doi = {10.5268/IW-6.4.866},\n journal = {Inland Waters},\n number = {4}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The potential of high-frequency profiling to assess vertical and seasonal patterns of phytoplankton dynamics in lakes: An extension of the Plankton Ecology Group (PEG) model.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Brentrup, J., A.; Williamson, C., E.; Colom-Montero, W.; Eckert, W.; de Eyto, E.; Grossart, H., P.; Huot, Y.; Isles, P., D.; Knoll, L., B.; Leach, T., H.; McBride, C., G.; Pierson, D.; Pomati, F.; Read, J., S.; Rose, K., C.; Samal, N., R.; Staehr, P., A.; and Winslow, L., A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Inland Waters, 6(4): 565-580. 2016.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {The potential of high-frequency profiling to assess vertical and seasonal patterns of phytoplankton dynamics in lakes: An extension of the Plankton Ecology Group (PEG) model},\n type = {article},\n year = {2016},\n keywords = {Chlorophyll fluorescence,Global lake ecological observatory network (GLEON),High-frequency sensors,PEG model,Phytoplankton,Profiling buoys,Subsurface chlorophyll maximum},\n pages = {565-580},\n volume = {6},\n id = {46a0ca0f-123e-33d9-a3b9-702b6f3e0f62},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:14.665Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:55:03.843Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The use of high-frequency sensors on profiling buoys to investigate physical, chemical, and biological processes in lakes is increasing rapidly. Profiling buoys with automated winches and sensors that collect high-frequency chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF) profiles in 11 lakes in the Global Lake Ecological Observatory Network (GLEON) allowed the study of the vertical and temporal distribution of ChlF, including the formation of subsurface chlorophyll maxima (SSCM). The effectiveness of 3 methods for sampling phytoplankton distributions in lakes, including (1) manual profiles, (2) single-depth buoys, and (3) profiling buoys were assessed. High-frequency ChlF surface data and profiles were compared to predictions from the Plankton Ecology Group (PEG) model. The depth-integrated ChlF dynamics measured by the profiling buoy data revealed a greater complexity that neither conventional sampling nor the generalized PEG model captured. Conventional sampling techniques would have missed SSCM in 7 of 11 study lakes. Although surface-only ChlF data underestimated average water column ChlF, at times by nearly 2-fold in 4 of the lakes, overall there was a remarkable similarity between surface and mean water column data. Contrary to the PEG model's proposed negligible role for physical control of phytoplankton during the growing season, thermal structure and light availability were closely associated with ChlF seasonal depth distribution. Thus, an extension of the PEG model is proposed, with a new conceptual framework that explicitly includes physical metrics to better predict SSCM formation in lakes and highlight when profiilng buoys are especially informative.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Brentrup, Jennifer A. and Williamson, Craig E. and Colom-Montero, William and Eckert, Werner and de Eyto, Elvira and Grossart, Hans Peter and Huot, Yannick and Isles, Peter D.F. and Knoll, Lesley B. and Leach, Taylor H. and McBride, Chris G. and Pierson, Don and Pomati, Francesco and Read, Jordan S. and Rose, Kevin C. and Samal, Nihar R. and Staehr, Peter A. and Winslow, Luke A.},\n doi = {10.5268/IW-6.4.890},\n journal = {Inland Waters},\n number = {4}\n}

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\n \n 2015\n \n \n (7)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Non-consumptive Effects of Native Deer on Introduced Earthworm Abundance.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Dávalos, A.; Simpson, E.; Nuzzo, V.; and Blossey, B.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Ecosystems, 18(6): 1029-1042. 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Non-consumptive$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {Non-consumptive Effects of Native Deer on Introduced Earthworm Abundance},\n type = {article},\n year = {2015},\n keywords = {deciduous forest,deer,earthworms,invasion,invasive plants,multiple stressors,non-consumptive effects,soil pH},\n pages = {1029-1042},\n volume = {18},\n publisher = {Springer US},\n id = {4eacf535-86c7-3782-b2f2-0b76c3df2c92},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:10.693Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:51:14.520Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Chronic ungulate herbivory impacts are well documented, consistently showing changes in plant community dynamics. In contrast, indirect ungulate effects on soil biota and processes are less well understood and idiosyncratic. Evidence suggests that increased deer abundance in northeastern North American forests may facilitate invasions by non-native earthworms and non-native plants through indirect non-consumptive processes. We sampled earthworm abundance using paired open and fenced plots (experimentally excluding deer) from 2008 to 2011 at 12 sites at West Point, NY and in 2013 at 21 additional sites across four states that varied in exclosure size and age since establishment. Fencing decreased earthworm abundance at West Point and in regional surveys. At West Point, negative effects of fencing on earthworm abundance decreased with soil pH and were stronger at sites dominated by native than non-native understory vegetation. Sites dominated by native vegetation had more acidic soils and lower earthworm abundance compared to sites dominated by non-native vegetation. In the regional survey, negative effects of fencing on earthworm abundance increased with time since fences were established, but effects were not affected by exclosure size or site location. We show unforeseen indirect effects of deer exclusion on earthworm populations. Results illustrate the need to account for complex interactive effects among co-occurring stressors, such as deer, earthworms, and non-native plants. Failures to account for these interactions will result in hidden treatments, will complicate interpretation of ecological experiments, and will create difficulties in designing appropriate management strategies aimed at reducing stressor effects.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Dávalos, Andrea and Simpson, Elizabeth and Nuzzo, Victoria and Blossey, Bernd},\n doi = {10.1007/s10021-015-9881-x},\n journal = {Ecosystems},\n number = {6}\n}

\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Marine photochemistry of organic matter: processes and impacts.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Mopper, K.; Kieber, D., J.; and Stubbins, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeochemistry of marine dissolved organic matter, pages 389-433. Hansell, D., A.; and Carlson, C., A., editor(s). Elsevier, 2nd edition, 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Biogeochemistry$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@inbook{\n type = {inbook},\n year = {2015},\n pages = {389-433},\n publisher = {Elsevier},\n city = {Amsterdam},\n edition = {2nd},\n id = {2dcbca93-84ca-32ca-bfb1-373e566e8cdf},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:10.994Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:51:17.911Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {inbook},\n author = {Mopper, Kenneth and Kieber, David J and Stubbins, Aron},\n editor = {Hansell, Dennis A. and Carlson, Craig A.},\n chapter = {Marine photochemistry of organic matter: processes and impacts},\n title = {Biogeochemistry of marine dissolved organic matter}\n}

\n

\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Non-consumptive Effects of Native Deer on Introduced Earthworm Abundance.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Dávalos, A.; Simpson, E.; Nuzzo, V.; and Blossey, B.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Ecosystems, 18(6): 1029-1042. 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Non-consumptive$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {Non-consumptive Effects of Native Deer on Introduced Earthworm Abundance},\n type = {article},\n year = {2015},\n keywords = {deciduous forest,deer,earthworms,invasion,invasive plants,multiple stressors,non-consumptive effects,soil pH},\n pages = {1029-1042},\n volume = {18},\n id = {b4496608-8ef0-3348-ad7b-e0fb854c60cd},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:11.739Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:51:56.698Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Chronic ungulate herbivory impacts are well documented, consistently showing changes in plant community dynamics. In contrast, indirect ungulate effects on soil biota and processes are less well understood and idiosyncratic. Evidence suggests that increased deer abundance in northeastern North American forests may facilitate invasions by non-native earthworms and non-native plants through indirect non-consumptive processes. We sampled earthworm abundance using paired open and fenced plots (experimentally excluding deer) from 2008 to 2011 at 12 sites at West Point, NY and in 2013 at 21 additional sites across four states that varied in exclosure size and age since establishment. Fencing decreased earthworm abundance at West Point and in regional surveys. At West Point, negative effects of fencing on earthworm abundance decreased with soil pH and were stronger at sites dominated by native than non-native understory vegetation. Sites dominated by native vegetation had more acidic soils and lower earthworm abundance compared to sites dominated by non-native vegetation. In the regional survey, negative effects of fencing on earthworm abundance increased with time since fences were established, but effects were not affected by exclosure size or site location. We show unforeseen indirect effects of deer exclusion on earthworm populations. Results illustrate the need to account for complex interactive effects among co-occurring stressors, such as deer, earthworms, and non-native plants. Failures to account for these interactions will result in hidden treatments, will complicate interpretation of ecological experiments, and will create difficulties in designing appropriate management strategies aimed at reducing stressor effects.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Dávalos, Andrea and Simpson, Elizabeth and Nuzzo, Victoria and Blossey, Bernd},\n doi = {10.1007/s10021-015-9881-x},\n journal = {Ecosystems},\n number = {6}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Ecological consequences of long-term browning in lakes.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Williamson, C., E.; Overholt, E., P.; Pilla, R., M.; Leach, T., H.; Brentrup, J., A.; Knoll, L., B.; Mette, E., M.; and Moeller, R., E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Scientific Reports, 5(December): 1-10. 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Ecological$ Paper\n \n \n \n $\"Ecological$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {Ecological consequences of long-term browning in lakes},\n type = {article},\n year = {2015},\n pages = {1-10},\n volume = {5},\n websites = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep18666},\n publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},\n id = {ee56414b-2fe7-3065-bf53-3d197d9e81dd},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:12.891Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:53:38.576Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Increases in terrestrially-derived dissolved organic matter (DOM) have led to the browning of inland waters across regions of northeastern North America and Europe. Short-term experimental and comparative studies highlight the important ecological consequences of browning. These range from transparency-induced increases in thermal stratification and oxygen (O2) depletion to changes in pelagic food web structure and alteration of the important role of inland waters in the global carbon cycle. However, multi-decadal studies that document the net ecological consequences of long-term browning are lacking. Here we show that browning over a 27 year period in two lakes of differing transparency resulted in fundamental changes in vertical habitat gradients and food web structure, and that these responses were stronger in the more transparent lake. Surface water temperatures increased by 2-3 °C in both lakes in the absence of any changes in air temperature. Water transparency to ultraviolet (UV) radiation showed a fivefold decrease in the more transparent lake. The primary zooplankton grazers decreased, and in the more transparent lake were largely replaced by a two trophic level zooplankton community. These findings provide new insights into the net effects of the complex and contrasting mechanisms that underlie the ecosystem consequences of browning.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Williamson, Craig E. and Overholt, Erin P. and Pilla, Rachel M. and Leach, Taylor H. and Brentrup, Jennifer A. and Knoll, Lesley B. and Mette, Elizabeth M. and Moeller, Robert E.},\n doi = {10.1038/srep18666},\n journal = {Scientific Reports},\n number = {December}\n}

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\n\n\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Public Participation and Environmental Justice.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Daley, D., M.; and Reames, T., G.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Failed Promises,143-171. 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Public$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {Public Participation and Environmental Justice},\n type = {article},\n year = {2015},\n pages = {143-171},\n id = {dd9d1bb0-128d-34ef-b54f-0e7e1905aac2},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:13.241Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:53:39.876Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Daley, Dorothy M. and Reames, Tony G.},\n doi = {10.7551/mitpress/9780262028837.003.0006},\n journal = {Failed Promises}\n}

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\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n A global database of lake surface temperatures collected by in situ and satellite methods from 1985-2009.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Sharma, S.; Gray, D., K.; Read, J., S.; O'Reilly, C., M.; Schneider, P.; Qudrat, A.; Gries, C.; Stefanoff, S.; Hampton, S., E.; Hook, S.; Lenters, J., D.; Livingstone, D., M.; McIntyre, P., B.; Adrian, R.; Allan, M., G.; Anneville, O.; Arvola, L.; Austin, J.; Bailey, J.; Baron, J., S.; Brookes, J.; Chen, Y.; Daly, R.; Dokulil, M.; Dong, B.; Ewing, K.; De Eyto, E.; Hamilton, D.; Havens, K.; Haydon, S.; Hetzenauer, H.; Heneberry, J.; Hetherington, A., L.; Higgins, S., N.; Hixson, E.; Izmest'eva, L., R.; Jones, B., M.; Kangur, K.; Kasprzak, P.; Köster, O.; Kraemer, B., M.; Kumagai, M.; Kuusisto, E.; Leshkevich, G.; May, L.; MacIntyre, S.; Müller-Navarra, D.; Naumenko, M.; Noges, P.; Noges, T.; Niederhauser, P.; North, R., P.; Paterson, A., M.; Plisnier, P., D.; Rigosi, A.; Rimmer, A.; Rogora, M.; Rudstam, L.; Rusak, J., A.; Salmaso, N.; Samal, N., R.; Schindler, D., E.; Schladow, G.; Schmidt, S., R.; Schultz, T.; Silow, E., A.; Straile, D.; Teubner, K.; Verburg, P.; Voutilainen, A.; Watkinson, A.; Weyhenmeyer, G., A.; Williamson, C., E.; and Woo, K., H.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Scientific Data, 2: 1-19. 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"A$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {A global database of lake surface temperatures collected by in situ and satellite methods from 1985-2009},\n type = {article},\n year = {2015},\n pages = {1-19},\n volume = {2},\n id = {77d77bbf-4036-3052-852a-e1ac45710277},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:13.305Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:53:42.513Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Global environmental change has influenced lake surface temperatures, a key driver of ecosystem structure and function. Recent studies have suggested significant warming of water temperatures in individual lakes across many different regions around the world. However, the spatial and temporal coherence associated with the magnitude of these trends remains unclear. Thus, a global data set of water temperature is required to understand and synthesize global, long-term trends in surface water temperatures of inland bodies of water. We assembled a database of summer lake surface temperatures for 291 lakes collected in situ and/or by satellites for the period 1985-2009. In addition, corresponding climatic drivers (air temperatures, solar radiation, and cloud cover) and geomorphometric characteristics (latitude, longitude, elevation, lake surface area, maximum depth, mean depth, and volume) that influence lake surface temperatures were compiled for each lake. This unique dataset offers an invaluable baseline perspective on global-scale lake thermal conditions as environmental change continues.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Sharma, Sapna and Gray, Derek K. and Read, Jordan S. and O'Reilly, Catherine M. and Schneider, Philipp and Qudrat, Anam and Gries, Corinna and Stefanoff, Samantha and Hampton, Stephanie E. and Hook, Simon and Lenters, John D. and Livingstone, David M. and McIntyre, Peter B. and Adrian, Rita and Allan, Mathew G. and Anneville, Orlane and Arvola, Lauri and Austin, Jay and Bailey, John and Baron, Jill S. and Brookes, Justin and Chen, Yuwei and Daly, Robert and Dokulil, Martin and Dong, Bo and Ewing, Kye and De Eyto, Elvira and Hamilton, David and Havens, Karl and Haydon, Shane and Hetzenauer, Harald and Heneberry, Jocelyne and Hetherington, Amy L. and Higgins, Scott N. and Hixson, Eric and Izmest'eva, Lyubov R. and Jones, Benjamin M. and Kangur, Külli and Kasprzak, Peter and Köster, Olivier and Kraemer, Benjamin M. and Kumagai, Michio and Kuusisto, Esko and Leshkevich, George and May, Linda and MacIntyre, Sally and Müller-Navarra, Dörthe and Naumenko, Mikhail and Noges, Peeter and Noges, Tiina and Niederhauser, Pius and North, Ryan P. and Paterson, Andrew M. and Plisnier, Pierre Denis and Rigosi, Anna and Rimmer, Alon and Rogora, Michela and Rudstam, Lars and Rusak, James A. and Salmaso, Nico and Samal, Nihar R. and Schindler, Daniel E. and Schladow, Geoffrey and Schmidt, Silke R. and Schultz, Tracey and Silow, Eugene A. and Straile, Dietmar and Teubner, Katrin and Verburg, Piet and Voutilainen, Ari and Watkinson, Andrew and Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A. and Williamson, Craig E. and Woo, Kara H.},\n doi = {10.1038/sdata.2015.8},\n journal = {Scientific Data}\n}

\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Rapid and highly variable warming of lake surface waters around the globe.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n O'Reilly, C., M.; Sharma, S.; Gray, D., K.; Hampton, S., E.; Read, J., S.; Rowley, R., J.; Schneider, P.; Lenters, J., D.; McIntyre, P., B.; Kraemer, B., M.; Weyhenmeyer, G., A.; Straile, D.; Dong, B.; Adrian, R.; Allan, M., G.; Anneville, O.; Arvola, L.; Austin, J.; Bailey, J., L.; Baron, J., S.; Brookes, J., D.; De Eyto, E.; Dokulil, M., T.; Hamilton, D., P.; Havens, K.; Hetherington, A., L.; Higgins, S., N.; Hook, S.; Izmest'Eva, L., R.; Joehnk, K., D.; Kangur, K.; Kasprzak, P.; Kumagai, M.; Kuusisto, E.; Leshkevich, G.; Livingstone, D., M.; MacIntyre, S.; May, L.; Melack, J., M.; Mueller-Navarra, D., C.; Naumenko, M.; Noges, P.; Noges, T.; North, R., P.; Plisnier, P., D.; Rigosi, A.; Rimmer, A.; Rogora, M.; Rudstam, L., G.; Rusak, J., A.; Salmaso, N.; Samal, N., R.; Schindler, D., E.; Schladow, S., G.; Schmid, M.; Schmidt, S., R.; Silow, E.; Soylu, M., E.; Teubner, K.; Verburg, P.; Voutilainen, A.; Watkinson, A.; Williamson, C., E.; and Zhang, G.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Geophysical Research Letters, 42(24): 10773-10781. 12 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Rapid$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {Rapid and highly variable warming of lake surface waters around the globe},\n type = {article},\n year = {2015},\n keywords = {Climate change,temperature},\n pages = {10773-10781},\n volume = {42},\n month = {12},\n publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Ltd},\n day = {28},\n id = {75a07eb9-16d1-3ca6-92a6-2dd8e382047a},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:15.019Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:55:30.209Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {In this first worldwide synthesis of in situ and satellite-derived lake data, we find that lake summer surface water temperatures rose rapidly (global mean = 0.34°C decade-1) between 1985 and 2009. Our analyses show that surface water warming rates are dependent on combinations of climate and local characteristics, rather than just lake location, leading to the counterintuitive result that regional consistency in lake warming is the exception, rather than the rule. The most rapidly warming lakes are widely geographically distributed, and their warming is associated with interactions among different climatic factors - from seasonally ice-covered lakes in areas where temperature and solar radiation are increasing while cloud cover is diminishing (0.72°C decade-1) to ice-free lakes experiencing increases in air temperature and solar radiation (0.53°C decade-1). The pervasive and rapid warming observed here signals the urgent need to incorporate climate impacts into vulnerability assessments and adaptation efforts for lakes.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {O'Reilly, Catherine M. and Sharma, Sapna and Gray, Derek K. and Hampton, Stephanie E. and Read, Jordan S. and Rowley, Rex J. and Schneider, Philipp and Lenters, John D. and McIntyre, Peter B. and Kraemer, Benjamin M. and Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A. and Straile, Dietmar and Dong, Bo and Adrian, Rita and Allan, Mathew G. and Anneville, Orlane and Arvola, Lauri and Austin, Jay and Bailey, John L. and Baron, Jill S. and Brookes, Justin D. and De Eyto, Elvira and Dokulil, Martin T. and Hamilton, David P. and Havens, Karl and Hetherington, Amy L. and Higgins, Scott N. and Hook, Simon and Izmest'Eva, Lyubov R. and Joehnk, Klaus D. and Kangur, Kulli and Kasprzak, Peter and Kumagai, Michio and Kuusisto, Esko and Leshkevich, George and Livingstone, David M. and MacIntyre, Sally and May, Linda and Melack, John M. and Mueller-Navarra, Doerthe C. and Naumenko, Mikhail and Noges, Peeter and Noges, Tiina and North, Ryan P. and Plisnier, Pierre Denis and Rigosi, Anna and Rimmer, Alon and Rogora, Michela and Rudstam, Lars G. and Rusak, James A. and Salmaso, Nico and Samal, Nihar R. and Schindler, Daniel E. and Schladow, S. Geoffrey and Schmid, Martin and Schmidt, Silke R. and Silow, Eugene and Soylu, M. Evren and Teubner, Katrin and Verburg, Piet and Voutilainen, Ari and Watkinson, Andrew and Williamson, Craig E. and Zhang, Guoqing},\n doi = {10.1002/2015GL066235},\n journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},\n number = {24}\n}

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\n \n 2014\n \n \n (3)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Chrysophyte stomatocyst production in laboratory culture and descriptions of seven cyst morphotypes.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Holen, D., A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Phycologia, 53(5): 426-432. 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Chrysophyte$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {Chrysophyte stomatocyst production in laboratory culture and descriptions of seven cyst morphotypes},\n type = {article},\n year = {2014},\n keywords = {Chrysolepidomonas,Chrysophytes,Chrysosaccus,Cyst,Dermatochrysis,Ochromonas,Statospore,Stomatocysts,Synura},\n pages = {426-432},\n volume = {53},\n id = {43032bf5-9cbd-3a34-bee9-dfcc59accd5b},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:13.333Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:53:55.170Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {There is an extensive literature on chrysophyte stomatocysts from diverse habitats and their use as paleolimnetic indicators of past environmental conditions in lakes. The majority of these cysts are unidentified, and more laboratory studies are needed to link stomatocyst morphotypes to vegetative stages. A laboratory procedure that resulted in stomatocyst production in the chrysophyte alga Ochromonas pinguis (Chrysophyceae) was tested to determine if the protocol would also stimulate the production of stomatocysts in six other chrysophytes. Chrysolepidomonas dendrolepidota, Chrysosaccus cf. sphaericus, Dermatochrysis sp., Synura cf. americana, Synura cf. macropora and a second species of Ochromonas all produced stomatocysts within two to three weeks. Morphology of the stomatocyst was described using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). This was the first report of stomatocysts from Chrysosaccus and the first SEM description of O. pinguis cysts. These autecological studies provide a greater linkage between sediment stomatocysts and their biological origin, strengthening the interpretive value of these microfossils and broadening our understanding of chrysophyte biogeography.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Holen, Dale A.},\n doi = {10.2216/14-001.1},\n journal = {Phycologia},\n number = {5}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Lakes as sensors in the landscape: Optical metrics as scalable sentinel responses to climate change.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Williamson, C., E.; Brentrup, J., A.; Zhang, J.; Renwick, W., H.; Hargreaves, B., R.; Knoll, L., B.; Overholt, E., P.; and Rose, K., C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Limnology and Oceanography, 59(3): 840-850. 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Lakes$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {Lakes as sensors in the landscape: Optical metrics as scalable sentinel responses to climate change},\n type = {article},\n year = {2014},\n pages = {840-850},\n volume = {59},\n publisher = {American Society of Limnology and Oceanography Inc.},\n id = {03e7474b-8592-3542-a977-5c6f8b7c7f4d},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:14.534Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:55:16.677Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {false},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {As the lowest point in the surrounding landscape, lakes act as sensors in the landscape to provide insights into the response of both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems to climate change. Here a novel suite of climate forcing optical indices (CFOI) from lakes across North America is found to respond to changes in air temperature, precipitation, and solar radiation at timescales ranging from a single storm event to seasonal changes to longer-term interdecadal trends with regression r2 values ranging from 0.73 to 0.89. These indices are based on two optical metrics of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) quality: DOC specific absorbance (a*320) and spectral slope (S275-295), where the ratio a*320 to S275-295 gives a composite climate forcing index. These indices of DOC quality are more responsive to climate forcing than is DOC concentration. A similar relationship between the component indices a*320 and S275-295 is observed across a wide range of lake types. A conceptual model is used to examine the similarities and differences in DOC-related mechanisms and ecological consequences due to increased temperature vs. precipitation. While both warmer and wetter conditions increase thermal stratification, these two types of climate forcing will have opposite effects on water transparency as well as many ecological consequences, including oxygen depletion, the balance between autotrophy and heterotrophy, and depth distributions of phytoplankton and zooplankton. © 2014, by the Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography, Inc.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Williamson, Craig E. and Brentrup, Jennifer A. and Zhang, Jing and Renwick, William H. and Hargreaves, Bruce R. and Knoll, Lesley B. and Overholt, Erin P. and Rose, Kevin C.},\n doi = {10.4319/lo.2014.59.3.0840},\n journal = {Limnology and Oceanography},\n number = {3}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The role of ultraviolet radiation in the diel vertical migration of zooplankton: An experimental test of the transparency-regulator hypothesis.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Leach, T., H.; Williamson, C., E.; Theodore, N.; Fischer, J., M.; and Olson, M., H.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Plankton Research, 37(5): 886-896. 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {The role of ultraviolet radiation in the diel vertical migration of zooplankton: An experimental test of the transparency-regulator hypothesis},\n type = {article},\n year = {2014},\n keywords = {diel vertical migration,ultraviolet radiation,zooplankton ecology},\n pages = {886-896},\n volume = {37},\n id = {16c50aa2-93a7-3c68-9b75-e58a2742118d},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:14.745Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:55:24.843Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Zooplankton diel vertical migration (DVM) is often explained as a balance between predator avoidance and resource acquisition. However, recent studies suggest that ultraviolet radiation (UV) may also be important in driving zooplankton DVM in some systems. Williamson et al. (Williamson et al., 2011) proposed the "transparency-regulator hypothesis," which integrates UV into our current understanding of the drivers of DVM and predicts that the relative roles of UV and visual predation pressure will vary systematically across a gradient of lake transparency. To assess this hypothesis, we conducted in situ mesocosm experiments in five different lakes: two lakes without fish and three lakes with fish that spanned a range of UV and visible light transparency. We used an open-bottomed mesocosm design that allowed for the direct manipulation of UV that did not constrain visual predators or the amplitude or timing of natural migrations. Consistent with the transparency-regulator hypothesis, we found that UV is an important driver of Daphnia DVM in highly UV transparent lakes with and without fish but not in low transparency systems. Our results also suggest that UV and visual predation pressure may interact in systems of intermediate transparency.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Leach, Taylor H. and Williamson, Craig E. and Theodore, Nora and Fischer, Janet M. and Olson, Mark H.},\n doi = {10.1093/plankt/fbv061},\n journal = {Journal of Plankton Research},\n number = {5}\n}

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\n \n 2013\n \n \n (3)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n A monograph of the crustose members of the genus Lepraria Ach. s. str. (Stereocaulaceae, Lichenized Ascomycetes) in North America north of Mexico.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Lendemer, J., C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Opuscula Philolichenum, 12(1): 27-141. 2013.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"A$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {A monograph of the crustose members of the genus Lepraria Ach. s. str. (Stereocaulaceae, Lichenized Ascomycetes) in North America north of Mexico},\n type = {article},\n year = {2013},\n keywords = {Biogeography,Granule,Leprocaulon,Leproloma,Soredia,Sterile crusts},\n pages = {27-141},\n volume = {12},\n id = {e734d5bc-ac4c-3ad4-ae9f-3b276975cd5b},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:10.724Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:51:10.768Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {A monograph of the crustose members of the lichen genus Lepraria s. str. present in North America north of Mexico is provided. A key to all the crustose members of Lepraria s.l. present in the study area is included, and full descriptions and species accounts are provided for the twenty-six species belonging to the genus in a strict sense. Additionally, color illustrations and distribution maps of all the species treated are provided. A new thallus morphotype, the lanata-type, is defined to describe the thallus of L. lanata. Lepraria leprolomopsis is reported for the first time from North America (Alabama and West Virginia, U.S.A.). Lepraria santosii is placed in synonymy with L. lobificans and the name L. finkii is taken up for the common species previously referred to as L. lobificans.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Lendemer, James C.},\n journal = {Opuscula Philolichenum},\n number = {1}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Role of temperature in growth, feeding, and vertical distribution of the mixotrophic chrysophyte Dinobryon.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Heinze, A., W.; Truesdale, C., L.; Devaul, S., B.; Swinden, J.; and Sanders, R., W.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Aquatic Microbial Ecology, 71(2): 155-163. 2013.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Role$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {Role of temperature in growth, feeding, and vertical distribution of the mixotrophic chrysophyte Dinobryon},\n type = {article},\n year = {2013},\n keywords = {Lake bloom,Phytoplankton,Seasonality,Succession,Ultraviolet radiation},\n pages = {155-163},\n volume = {71},\n id = {62273193-2cfd-39fa-b364-1482ebdf3fdd},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:12.796Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:53:09.109Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Dinobryon spp. are common components of the phytoplankton in temperate lakes. While these chrysophytes link bacterial carbon as well as primary production to the larger food web, few studies have examined their vertical distribution over a season. Data were collected over a 2.5 yr period in mesotrophic Lake Lacawac in eastern Pennsylvania (USA) to examine water column attributes relating to seasonality of the mixotrophic alga D. cylindricum, and specifically to address a hypo thesis that abundance and vertical distribution in the genus are associated with temperature. This information was used to guide laboratory experiments examining temperature and light effects on growth, feeding, and vertical migration of cultured Dinobryon. Data from Lake Lacawac and the literature indicated that high abundances of Dinobryon were associated with a narrow range of temperature (9-18°C) relative to temperatures where they were present (3-26°C). High abundances of several species of Dynobryon were associated with this temperature range, and occurred from late winter to late spring, depending on latitude and depth in the water column. Although high Dinobryon abundances were not tied directly to levels of photosynthetically active radiation in Lake Lacawac, a UV-exclusion experiment in a nearby oligotrophic lake indicated a temperature-dependent negative effect of UV radiation. UV may limit the occurrence of Dinobryon populations in surface waters of clear oligotrophic lakes. Laboratory experiments showed that both light and temperature affected growth and feeding rates of Dinobryon, and that maximum feeding and growth rates occurred within the temperature range where high Dinobryon abundances were observed in field studies. © Inter-Research 2013.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Heinze, Adam W. and Truesdale, Corinne L. and Devaul, Sarah B. and Swinden, Jonathan and Sanders, Robert W.},\n doi = {10.3354/ame01673},\n journal = {Aquatic Microbial Ecology},\n number = {2}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Demographic Effects of White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) Exclosures on White-footed Mice (Peromyscus leucopus).\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Byman, D.; Harding, S., D.; and Spear, F., W.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n The American Midland Naturalist, 170(1): 171-183. 2013.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Demographic$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {Demographic Effects of White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) Exclosures on White-footed Mice (Peromyscus leucopus)},\n type = {article},\n year = {2013},\n pages = {171-183},\n volume = {170},\n id = {8e8ada43-ce2f-3893-9d51-b62933e5b062},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:14.249Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:54:36.644Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {In 1994 two 0.65 ha deer exclosures were built in a second growth forest in northeastern Pennsylvania, one under an oak-maple canopy and the other under eastern hemlock. We hypothesized that populations of white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) outside the exclosures were depressed because of herbaceous cover removal by white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and/or by acorn competition with deer and would be higher inside the exclosures. For 10 y, the small mammal communities were censured with one 10 3 4 Sherman live-trap grid in each exclosure and one control grid of identical dimensions immediately outside each exclosure. Paired-T comparisons between the oak-maple exclosure and control grids, and the hemlock exclosure and control grids indicated that more total males were captured in the oak-maple exclosure grid than in the oak-maple control grid. Although repeated-measures ANOVA indicated that habitat (tree canopy type) produced more differences in mice numbers than did the presence of the exclosures, it also demonstrated that numbers of large females fluctuated less in the oak-maple exclosure than in the corresponding control. A repeated measures ANOVA of Jolly-Seber population estimate indicated that more mice were trapped in the combined oak-maple and hemlock exclosure grids than in the combined control grids.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Byman, David and Harding, Shannon D. and Spear, Francis W.},\n doi = {10.1674/0003-0031-170.1.171},\n journal = {The American Midland Naturalist},\n number = {1}\n}

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\n \n 2012\n \n \n (6)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Paleoecological Significance of Undetected Short-Term Temporal Variability Author ( s ): Charles H . Peterson Reviewed work ( s ): Published by : SEPM Society for Sedimentary Geology Stable URL : http://www.jstor.org/stable/1303769 .\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Peterson, C., H.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n , 51(5): 976-981. 2012.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {The Paleoecological Significance of Undetected Short-Term Temporal Variability Author ( s ): Charles H . Peterson Reviewed work ( s ): Published by : SEPM Society for Sedimentary Geology Stable URL : http://www.jstor.org/stable/1303769 .},\n type = {article},\n year = {2012},\n pages = {976-981},\n volume = {51},\n id = {42dd35ad-5edc-368e-8a21-b482028587eb},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:11.338Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:51:40.058Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Peterson, Charles H},\n number = {5}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Lake-size dependency of wind shear and convection as controls on gas exchange.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Read, J., S.; Hamilton, D., P.; Desai, A., R.; Rose, K., C.; MacIntyre, S.; Lenters, J., D.; Smyth, R., L.; Hanson, P., C.; Cole, J., J.; Staehr, P., A.; Rusak, J., A.; Pierson, D., C.; Brookes, J., D.; Laas, A.; and Wu, C., H.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Geophysical Research Letters, 39(9): 1-5. 2012.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Lake-size$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {Lake-size dependency of wind shear and convection as controls on gas exchange},\n type = {article},\n year = {2012},\n keywords = {gas exchange,turbulence,wind shear},\n pages = {1-5},\n volume = {39},\n id = {c07ed8a6-7373-3a88-bda2-d313d96292b2},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:11.339Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:51:39.188Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {High-frequency physical observations from 40 temperate lakes were used to examine the relative contributions of wind shear (u<inf>*</inf>) and convection (w<inf>*</inf>) to turbulence in the surface mixed layer. Seasonal patterns of u<inf>*</inf> and w<inf>*</inf> were dissimilar; u<inf>*</inf> was often highest in the spring, while w <inf>*</inf> increased throughout the summer to a maximum in early fall. Convection was a larger mixed-layer turbulence source than wind shear (u <inf>*</inf>/w<inf>*</inf><0.75) for 18 of the 40 lakes, including all 11 lakes<10ha. As a consequence, the relative contribution of convection to the gas transfer velocity (k, estimated by the surface renewal model) was greater for small lakes. The average k was 0.54mday<sup>-1</sup> for lakes<10ha. Because u<inf>*</inf> and w<inf>*</inf> differ in temporal pattern and magnitude across lakes, both convection and wind shear should be considered in future formulations of lake-air gas exchange, especially for small lakes. © 2012 by the American Geophysical Union.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Read, Jordan S. and Hamilton, David P. and Desai, Ankur R. and Rose, Kevin C. and MacIntyre, Sally and Lenters, John D. and Smyth, Robyn L. and Hanson, Paul C. and Cole, Jonathan J. and Staehr, Peter A. and Rusak, James A. and Pierson, Donald C. and Brookes, Justin D. and Laas, Alo and Wu, Chin H.},\n doi = {10.1029/2012GL051886},\n journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},\n number = {9}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n A tale of two species: molecular data reveal the chemotypes of Lepraria normandinoides (Stereocaulaceae) to be two sympatric species 1 .\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Lendemer, J., C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n The Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society, 139(2): 118-130. 2012.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = { A tale of two species: molecular data reveal the chemotypes of Lepraria normandinoides (Stereocaulaceae) to be two sympatric species 1 },\n type = {article},\n year = {2012},\n keywords = {chemotaxonomy,comprises more,cryptic species,morphologically diverse and evolutionarily,representing a,semi-cryptic species,species concepts,than 70 described species,the genus lepraria ach},\n pages = {118-130},\n volume = {139},\n id = {ac097576-1e00-3a10-a70a-5cbcb2717f23},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:11.752Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:51:54.931Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Lepraria normandinoides is currently circumscribed to include three chemotypes that differ in the presence/absence of two structurally similar depsidones: fumarprotocetraric acid and protocetraric acid. Populations of these chemotypes are sympatric and morphologically identical. A molecular phylogeny was inferred from ITS1, 5.8S, and ITS2 sequence data generated from a geographically broad sampling of populations of L. normandinoides. Two strongly-supported clades were recovered that correlate to the depsidone producing chemotypes. Consequently L. normandinoides is restricted to the protocetraric acid producing chemotype and the fumarprotocetraric acid chemotype is formally described as L. oxybapha. Acid deficient populations are tentatively retained in L. normandinoides. © Torrey Botanical Club.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Lendemer, James C.},\n doi = {10.3159/torrey-d-11-00059.1},\n journal = {The Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society},\n number = {2}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Contributions to the Lichen Flora of Pennsylvania. — Further New and Interesting Reports of Lichens and Lichenicolous Fungi, Part 2.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Lendemer, J., C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Evansia, 29(2): 56-60. 2012.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Contributions$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {Contributions to the Lichen Flora of Pennsylvania. — Further New and Interesting Reports of Lichens and Lichenicolous Fungi, Part 2},\n type = {article},\n year = {2012},\n pages = {56-60},\n volume = {29},\n id = {99180dcb-ae17-3e97-b261-e3c8eda80f6f},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:12.039Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:52:27.578Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The following taxa are newly reported from Pennsylvania: Absconditella sphagnorum, Cladonia cariosa, C. submitis, Coenogonium luteum, Dactylospora glaucomarioides (on Ochrolechia yasudae), Flakea papillata, Heterodermia squamulosa, Lecanora epanora, Lecidea nylanderi, Lichenochora galligena (on Physcia americana), Lithothelium septemseptatum, Megalospora porphyritis, Opegrapha zonata, and Sarea difformis. A second population of Opegrapha bicolor, otherwise known only from the type locality in Monroe County and a disjunct population in Uganda, is reported. A modern collection of Pertusaria trachythallina is reported. Many of the species discussed are restricted to remnant high quality, undisturbed habitats in the study area.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Lendemer, James C.},\n doi = {10.1639/079.029.0204},\n journal = {Evansia},\n number = {2}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The role of ultraviolet radiation and fish in regulating the vertical distribution of Daphnia.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Rose, K., C.; Williamson, C., E.; Fischer, J., M.; Connelly, S., J.; Olson, M.; Tucker, A., J.; and Noe, D., A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Limnology and Oceanography, 57(6): 1867-1876. 2012.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {The role of ultraviolet radiation and fish in regulating the vertical distribution of Daphnia},\n type = {article},\n year = {2012},\n pages = {1867-1876},\n volume = {57},\n id = {9274a34b-b149-3382-a0da-648e360441c9},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:12.931Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:53:35.603Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Previous studies have demonstrated independent effects of both solar ultraviolet radiation (UV; 280-400 nm) and planktivorous fish on the vertical distribution of Daphnia. We examined the behavioral response of adult and juvenile Daphnia to both UV and planktivorous fish simultaneously in a small temperate lake in eastern Pennsylvania by conducting a large-scale (15 m deep) in situ mesocosm experiment with full factorial treatments (± UV and ± fish). UV induced an avoidance of the surface waters in both juvenile and adult Daphnia. In contrast, the response of Daphnia to fish depended on the presence of UV, with a clear interactive effect. In the presence of both UV and fish, Daphnia were deeper in the water column than they were in the absence of either UV or fish. Sampling of the lake also revealed a rapid upward shift in the depth distribution of both juveniles and adults following a rare and intense early-summer storm that reduced the lake's transparency to both UV (for example, 380 nm UV-A) and photosynthetically active radiation (400-700 nm) by 44% and 39%, respectively. Evidence of a novel benefit to UV avoidance behavior was also observed: surface avoidance of UV reduces the hazards of Daphnia getting caught in the surface air-water interface and perishing. These results highlight the interactive effects of fish and UV on Daphnia vertical distribution under near-natural conditions in situ. © 2012, by the Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography, Inc.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Rose, Kevin C. and Williamson, Craig E. and Fischer, Janet M. and Connelly, Sandra J. and Olson, Mark and Tucker, Andrew J. and Noe, Douglas A.},\n doi = {10.4319/lo.2012.57.6.1867},\n journal = {Limnology and Oceanography},\n number = {6}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Further Contributions to the Genus Rinodina (Physciaceae, Lecanoromycetidae): Two Species New to Science and a New Record for the Canadian High Arctic.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Sheard, J., W.; Lendemer, J., C.; Spribille, T.; &, G., T.; and Tønsberg, T.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Herzogia, 25(2): 125-143. 2012.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Further$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {Further Contributions to the Genus Rinodina (Physciaceae, Lecanoromycetidae): Two Species New to Science and a New Record for the Canadian High Arctic},\n type = {article},\n year = {2012},\n keywords = {Fungi,Lichen,Phytogeography,Sterile crusts},\n pages = {125-143},\n volume = {25},\n id = {d65c38dc-eddf-3571-bbfd-1fb948090e24},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:13.102Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:53:32.152Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Sheard, John W. and Lendemer, James C. and Spribille, Toby and &, Göran Thor and Tønsberg, Tor},\n doi = {10.13158/heia.25.2.2010.125},\n journal = {Herzogia},\n number = {2}\n}

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\n \n 2011\n \n \n (4)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Toward a more comprehensive theory of zooplankton diel vertical migration: Integrating ultraviolet radiation and water transparency into the biotic paradigm.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Williamson, C., E.; Fischer, J., M.; Bollens, S., M.; Overholt, E., P.; and Breckenridgec, J., K.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Limnology and Oceanography, 56(5): 1603-1623. 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Toward$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {Toward a more comprehensive theory of zooplankton diel vertical migration: Integrating ultraviolet radiation and water transparency into the biotic paradigm},\n type = {article},\n year = {2011},\n pages = {1603-1623},\n volume = {56},\n id = {ffceeb57-e257-3e1b-a6b0-60319fc1fdbe},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:10.711Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:50:45.269Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The current prevailing theory of diel vertical migration (DVM) of zooplankton is focused largely on two biotic drivers: food and predation. Yet recent evidence suggests that abiotic drivers such as damaging ultraviolet (UV) radiation and temperature are also important. Here we integrate current knowledge on the effects of abiotic factors on DVM with the current biologically based paradigm to develop a more comprehensive framework for understanding DVM in zooplankton. We focus on ''normal'' (down during the day, up at night) DVM of holoplanktonic, primarily herbivorous zooplankton. This new transparency-regulator hypothesis differentiates between structural drivers, such as temperature and food, that vary little over a 24-h period and dynamic drivers, such as damaging UV radiation and visual predation, that show strong variation over a 24-h period. This hypothesis emphasizes the central role of water transparency in regulating these major drivers of DVM. In less transparent systems, temperature and food are often optimal in the surface waters, visual predators are abundant, and UV radiation levels are low. In contrast, in more transparent systems, vertical thermal gradients tend to be more gradual, food quality and quantity are higher in deeper waters, and visual predator abundance is often lower and damaging UV radiation higher in the surface waters. This transparency-regulator hypothesis provides a more versatile theoretical framework to explain variation in DVM across waters of differing transparency. This hypothesis also enables clearer predictions of how the wide range of ongoing transparency-altering local, regional, and global environmental changes can be expected to influence DVM patterns in both inland and oceanic waters of the world. © 2011, by the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Inc.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Williamson, Craig E. and Fischer, Janet M. and Bollens, Stephen M. and Overholt, Erin P. and Breckenridgec, Joanne K.},\n doi = {10.4319/lo.2011.56.5.1603},\n journal = {Limnology and Oceanography},\n number = {5}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n ultraviolet responses in zooplankton : Implications of climate change.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Williamson, C., E.; Grad, G.; Lange, H., J., D.; Gilroy, S.; and Karapelou, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Limnology, 47(6): 1844-1848. 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"ultraviolet$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {ultraviolet responses in zooplankton : Implications of climate change},\n type = {article},\n year = {2011},\n pages = {1844-1848},\n volume = {47},\n id = {15cfed8b-bfaf-3997-8050-9cb60c090147},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:11.535Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:51:50.786Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Williamson, Craig E and Grad, Gabriella and Lange, Hendrika J De and Gilroy, Shawna and Karapelou, M},\n journal = {Limnology},\n number = {6}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Contributions to the lichen flora of Pennsylvania - Rare and important lichen habitats and lichen communities: Part 1, the Northeastern Counties.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Lendemer, J., C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Bartonia, 65: 20-28. 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {Contributions to the lichen flora of Pennsylvania - Rare and important lichen habitats and lichen communities: Part 1, the Northeastern Counties},\n type = {article},\n year = {2011},\n keywords = {lichen},\n pages = {20-28},\n volume = {65},\n id = {770827d7-b89f-3959-9480-6da04dc89685},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:14.313Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:50:14.313Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Lendemer, James C.},\n journal = {Bartonia}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Effects of Deer Exclosures on Voles and Shrews in Two Forest Habitats.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Byman, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Northeastern Naturalist, 18(4): 509-520. 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {The Effects of Deer Exclosures on Voles and Shrews in Two Forest Habitats},\n type = {article},\n year = {2011},\n pages = {509-520},\n volume = {18},\n id = {4a473ac3-215b-307c-aca8-5970136e5ce5},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:14.940Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:55:31.285Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) have overbrowsed much of the\nhemlock-mixed northern hardwood forest in northeastern Pennsylvania. I\ninvestigated the possible deleterious effect of this overbrowsing on 4\nground-cover-dependent small-mammal species through the use of deer\nexclosures. From May through September 1996-2005, 4 x 10 Sherman\nlive-trap grids were placed in two 0.65-ha exclosures and their adjacent\ncontrol sites in forest heavily browsed by deer. One exclosure was\nlocated beneath a primarily oak-maple canopy and the other exclosure\nunder Tsuga canadensis (Eastern Hemlock). More Myodes gapperi (Southern\nRed-backed Vole) were captured in the oak-maple grids than in the\nhemlock grids and more M. gapperi were taken in the oak-maple exclosure\nthan in the neighboring control. Microtus pinetorum (Woodland Vole)\nfirst appeared at the grids six years after the exclosure construction,\nand a large majority were taken in the oak-maple exclosure. Of Marina\nbrevicauda (Northern Short-tailed Shrew) captured at the grids, 80%\nwere taken in the oak-maple grids and 58% in the oak-maple exclosure.\nBeginning in 2000, most of Sorex cinereus (Masked Shrew) captured were\ntaken in the oak-maple habitat. Most of those trapped under the\noak-maple canopy were taken in the control. These observations suggest\nthat heavy deer browsing may depress populations of M. gapperi, M.\npinetorum, and B. brevicauda, but not Sorex cinereus.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Byman, David},\n doi = {10.1656/045.018.0408},\n journal = {Northeastern Naturalist},\n number = {4}\n}

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\n \n 2010\n \n \n (3)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n A new perspective on Punctelia subrudecta (Parmeliaceae) in North America: Previously rejected morphological characters corroborate molecular phylogenetic evidence and provide insight into an old problem.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Lendemer, J., C.; and Hodkinson, B., P.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Lichenologist, 42(4): 405-421. 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"A$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {A new perspective on Punctelia subrudecta (Parmeliaceae) in North America: Previously rejected morphological characters corroborate molecular phylogenetic evidence and provide insight into an old problem},\n type = {article},\n year = {2010},\n keywords = {biogeography,macrolichens,species concepts,taxonomy},\n pages = {405-421},\n volume = {42},\n id = {0665db47-febd-33ea-9ef4-f6404a18da27},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:11.648Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:51:59.288Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {In North America the names Punctelia subrudecta and P. perreticulata have variously been applied to corticolous sorediate Punctelia specimens with lecanoric acid and a pale lower surface. ITS1, 5.8S, and ITS2 sequence data were generated from a geographically and morphologically broad sampling from within these specimens, and a molecular phylogeny was inferred. A combined approach using morphology, geography, and phylogeny was used to circumscribe three distinct species in North America, one of which is described as new to science (P. caseana), one of which is finally confirmed for the continent (P. jeckeri), and one whose original circumscription is validated (P. perreticulata). The phylogeny inferred from ITS sequence data supports the taxonomic value of the following morphological characters for distinguishing species in this group: presence/absence of pruina; conidium type and length (although see discussion of P. jeckeri), and presence/absence of scrobiculae on the upper surface. A key to the North American species of Punctelia is provided. © 2010 British Lichen Society.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Lendemer, James C. and Hodkinson, Brendan P.},\n doi = {10.1017/S0024282910000101},\n journal = {Lichenologist},\n number = {4}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n When UV meets fresh water.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Williamson, C., E.; and Rose, K., C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n 8 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"When$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@misc{\n title = {When UV meets fresh water},\n type = {misc},\n year = {2010},\n source = {Science},\n pages = {637-639},\n volume = {329},\n issue = {5992},\n month = {8},\n day = {6},\n id = {f77bc34b-73b7-3445-9547-b3289f99fcdd},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:12.455Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:52:32.882Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {false},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {misc},\n author = {Williamson, Craig E. and Rose, Kevin C.},\n doi = {10.1126/science.1191192}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Notes on Lepraria s.l. (Lecanoromycetes, Ascomycota) in North America: New species, new reports, and preliminary keys.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Lendemer, J., C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Brittonia, 62(3): 267-292. 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Notes$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {Notes on Lepraria s.l. (Lecanoromycetes, Ascomycota) in North America: New species, new reports, and preliminary keys},\n type = {article},\n year = {2010},\n keywords = {Lichen},\n pages = {267-292},\n volume = {62},\n id = {e0792478-c10c-3b2a-ae9b-8b7359bbd435},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:14.552Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:54:49.021Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Six new species of Lepraria are described from North America: L. barbatica, L. cryophila, L. disjuncta, L. moroziana, L. terricola, and L. xanthonica. Lepraria torii is discussed and its range extended to include boreal eastern North America. Lepraria aurescens is reported as new to North America from Florida. Preliminary keys to the genus in North America are presented. © 2010 The New York Botanical Garden.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Lendemer, James C.},\n doi = {10.1007/s12228-010-9142-4},\n journal = {Brittonia},\n number = {3}\n}

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\n \n 2009\n \n \n (8)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Characterizing lakebed seepage and geologic heterogeneity using resistivity imaging and temperature measurements.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Nyquist, J., E.; Heaney, M., J.; and Toran, L.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Near Surface Geophysics, 7(5-6): 487-498. 2009.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Characterizing$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {Characterizing lakebed seepage and geologic heterogeneity using resistivity imaging and temperature measurements},\n type = {article},\n year = {2009},\n pages = {487-498},\n volume = {7},\n id = {b09c9934-7eb4-3e8c-89a1-feaf85d2f6ae},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:11.188Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:51:28.093Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The contribution of groundwater-surface water exchange to lake budgets is poorly understood and depends in part on lakebed heterogeneities. These heterogeneities are difficult to characterize using traditional point sampling methods. The goal of this project was to use electrical resistivity to iden-tify potential zones of groundwater discharge and recharge, providing focus for point measure-ments. Multiple resistivity surveys were conducted at Lake Lacawac, a small, glacially-formed lake in northeastern Pennsylvania. Two types of resistivity surveys were conducted. In a continuous resistivity profile, a multi-electrode cable was towed parallel to shore to look for spatial variability in resistivity around the lake. Two parallel to shore surveys were conducted, an inner and outer loop, to help characterize the lateral extent of sediment types. The results of these surveys suggested lithology changes both along the shoreline and with distance from shore. Follow-up resistivity data were collected using cables laid along the lake bottom perpendicular to the shoreline to look for finer scale zonation that affects seepage as a function of distance from shore. Follow-up seepage measurements showed that seepage rates are very low, which is consistent with the resistivity data from which we concluded that most of Lake Lacawac is lined with glacial clay and that the lake is essentially perched above the groundwater flow system, with just minor amounts of seepage in a few locations where fingers of sandy sediments extend a short distance from the shore. Discontinuities in these patches of transmissive sediments can result in reversals in the direction of seepage at nearby locations. We conclude that towed resistivity is useful as a rapid reconnaissance tool for mapping geologic heterogeneity. The results can be used to guide the more time-consuming but higher-resolution, lake bottom resistivity measurements, which in turn can guide the placement of seepage meters. © 2009 European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Nyquist, Jonathan E. and Heaney, Matthew J. and Toran, Laura},\n doi = {10.3997/1873-0604.2009022},\n journal = {Near Surface Geophysics},\n number = {5-6}\n}

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\n The contribution of groundwater-surface water exchange to lake budgets is poorly understood and depends in part on lakebed heterogeneities. These heterogeneities are difficult to characterize using traditional point sampling methods. The goal of this project was to use electrical resistivity to iden-tify potential zones of groundwater discharge and recharge, providing focus for point measure-ments. Multiple resistivity surveys were conducted at Lake Lacawac, a small, glacially-formed lake in northeastern Pennsylvania. Two types of resistivity surveys were conducted. In a continuous resistivity profile, a multi-electrode cable was towed parallel to shore to look for spatial variability in resistivity around the lake. Two parallel to shore surveys were conducted, an inner and outer loop, to help characterize the lateral extent of sediment types. The results of these surveys suggested lithology changes both along the shoreline and with distance from shore. Follow-up resistivity data were collected using cables laid along the lake bottom perpendicular to the shoreline to look for finer scale zonation that affects seepage as a function of distance from shore. Follow-up seepage measurements showed that seepage rates are very low, which is consistent with the resistivity data from which we concluded that most of Lake Lacawac is lined with glacial clay and that the lake is essentially perched above the groundwater flow system, with just minor amounts of seepage in a few locations where fingers of sandy sediments extend a short distance from the shore. Discontinuities in these patches of transmissive sediments can result in reversals in the direction of seepage at nearby locations. We conclude that towed resistivity is useful as a rapid reconnaissance tool for mapping geologic heterogeneity. The results can be used to guide the more time-consuming but higher-resolution, lake bottom resistivity measurements, which in turn can guide the placement of seepage meters. © 2009 European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers.\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Mercury emission from a temperate lake during autumn turnover.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Wollenberg, J., L.; and Peters, S., C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Science of the Total Environment, 407(8): 2909-2918. 2009.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Mercury$ Paper\n \n \n \n $\"Mercury$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {Mercury emission from a temperate lake during autumn turnover},\n type = {article},\n year = {2009},\n keywords = {Dynamic flux chamber,Lake turnover,Mercury emission},\n pages = {2909-2918},\n volume = {407},\n websites = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.12.017},\n publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},\n id = {a06063c4-ff06-3e0d-a86d-62bc4501a8f5},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:12.719Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:53:11.081Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Lakes in temperate regions stratify during summer and winter months, creating distinct layers of water differentiated by their physical and chemical characteristics. When lakes mix in autumn and spring, mercury cycling may be affected by the chemical changes that occur during mixing. Sampling was conducted in Lake Lacawac, Eastern Pennsylvania, USA, throughout the autumn of 2007 to characterize changes in emission of gaseous elemental mercury (Hg0) from the lake surface and dissolved mercury profiles in the water column during mixing. Water chemistry and weather parameters were also measured, including dissolved organic carbon (DOC), iron, and solar radiation which have been shown to interact with mercury species. Results indicate that emission of Hg0 from the lake to the atmosphere during turnover was controlled both by solar radiation and by surface water mercury concentration. As autumn turnover progressed through the months of October and November, higher mercury concentration water from the hypolimnion mixed with epilimnetic water, increasing mercury concentration in epilimnetic waters. Dissolved absorbance was significantly correlated with mercury concentrations and with iron, but DOC concentrations were essentially constant throughout the study period and did not exhibit a relationship with either dissolved mercury concentrations or emission rates. Positive correlations between dissolved mercury and iron and manganese also suggest a role for these elements in mercury transport within the lake, but iron and manganese did not demonstrate a relationship with emission rates. This research indicates that consideration of seasonal processes in lakes is important when evaluating mercury cycling in aquatic systems. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Wollenberg, Jennifer L. and Peters, Stephen C.},\n doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.12.017},\n journal = {Science of the Total Environment},\n number = {8}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Direct effects of UV-B radiation on the freshwater heterotrophic nanoflagellate Paraphysomonas sp.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Macaluso, A., L.; Mitchell, D., L.; and Sanders, R., W.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 75(13): 4525-4530. 2009.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Direct$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {Direct effects of UV-B radiation on the freshwater heterotrophic nanoflagellate Paraphysomonas sp.},\n type = {article},\n year = {2009},\n pages = {4525-4530},\n volume = {75},\n id = {d96a5fe1-148b-3918-8ebf-84a4180b7185},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:12.874Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:52:58.287Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The formation of DNA photoproducts in organisms exposed to ambient levels of UV-B radiation can lead to death and/or reduced population growth in aquatic systems. Dependence on photoenzymatic repair to reverse DNA damage caused by UV-B radiation is demonstrated for Paraphysomonas sp., a member of a widely distributed genus of heterotrophic nanoflagellates. At 20°C, Paraphysomonas sp. was exposed to a range of UV-B intensities encountered in natural systems. Populations of the flagellate survived and grew in a dose-dependent manner, but only when simultaneously exposed to photorepair radiation (PRR). In contrast, flagellates exposed to UV-B at 15°C suffered 100% mortality except at the lowest UV-B level (with PRR) tested, which suggested a photorepair temperature optimum above 15°C. After acute UV-B exposures, DNA damage (measured as the formation of pyrimidine dimers) was reduced only in organisms that underwent subsequent exposure to PRR. Populations kept in the dark after UV-B exposure maintained the initial levels of pyrimidine dimers. These results are the first to demonstrate the reliance of a heterotrophic flagellate on photoenzymatic DNA repair for survival from UV-B exposure. Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Macaluso, Amy L. and Mitchell, David L. and Sanders, Robert W.},\n doi = {10.1128/AEM.02803-08},\n journal = {Applied and Environmental Microbiology},\n number = {13}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Novel temperature gradient incubator to study the effects of temperature on motile aquatic organisms.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Heinze, A., W.; and Sanders, R., W.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Limnology and Oceanography: Methods, 7(3): 216-221. 2009.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Novel$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {Novel temperature gradient incubator to study the effects of temperature on motile aquatic organisms},\n type = {article},\n year = {2009},\n pages = {216-221},\n volume = {7},\n id = {5a918007-1c2d-3c09-a338-965a389ca716},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:13.300Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:53:57.167Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Water temperature influences planktonic communities via biological (e.g., metabolic) and abiotic means. Investigating direct temperature effects in nature is confounded by multiple factors that may covary with temperature at various depths, especially during periods of seasonal stratification. Dissolved oxygen, nutrient availability, water density, and irradiance all change with depth in thermally stratified systems. We have designed a temperature gradient incubator that creates a range of temperature within a continuous 1.65-m transparent column. This novel instrument allows investigation of how motile plankton are distributed across a controlled range of temperatures, which, in the configuration presented here, is a change of 8°C within the vertical column. The temperature gradient incubator allows elimination of confounding variables to test what portion of vertical migration within the water column is due strictly to changes in temperature. With simple reconfiguration of the light sources, interaction of temperature and irradiance effects on plankton can also be evaluated. © 2009, by the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Inc.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Heinze, Adam W. and Sanders, Robert W.},\n doi = {10.4319/lom.2009.7.216},\n journal = {Limnology and Oceanography: Methods},\n number = {3}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n UV-enhanced fish predation and the differential migration of zooplankton in response to UV radiation and fish.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Leech, D., M.; Boeing, W., J.; Cooke, S., L.; Williamson, C., E.; and Torres, L.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Limnology and Oceanography, 54(4): 1152-1161. 2009.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"UV-enhanced$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {UV-enhanced fish predation and the differential migration of zooplankton in response to UV radiation and fish},\n type = {article},\n year = {2009},\n pages = {1152-1161},\n volume = {54},\n id = {0097c80b-458b-3860-b408-f41932a6ddee},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:13.443Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:53:47.567Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The intensity and spectral composition of visible light are known to influence fish predation on zooplankton. However, in clear-water systems, ultraviolet (UV) radiation (UVR) may also influence fish predation, directly through UV-enhanced foraging, indirectly through alterations in predator-prey overlap, or in a combination of the two. Here we test the hypothesis that UVR facilitates fish predation on zooplankton in an oligotrophic lake. Experiments were conducted in 2.2-m-long UV-transparent or UV-blocking columns suspended in the epilimnion. Zooplankton consumption by young-of-the-year (YOY) largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) was compared in the presence and absence of UVR, and the vertical distributions of prey were quantified across light and fish treatments. In addition, a separate experiment was conducted to examine zooplankton vertical responses to UV exposure vs. fish kairomones. Overall, YOY predation on zooplankton was higher in the presence than in the absence of UVR, particularly on diaptomid copepods. This result was only partially explained by zooplankton migratory behaviors, suggesting UV-enhanced searching capabilities in YOY bass. Furthermore, diaptomids displayed a stronger vertical behavioral response to fish kairomones than to UVR whereas Daphnia exhibited a stronger response to UVR. © 2009, by the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Inc.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Leech, Dina M. and Boeing, Wiebke J. and Cooke, Sandra L. and Williamson, Craig E. and Torres, Lisette},\n doi = {10.4319/lo.2009.54.4.1152},\n journal = {Limnology and Oceanography},\n number = {4}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Effects of nutrients and dissolved organic matter on the response of phytoplankton to ultraviolet radiation: Experimental comparison in spring versus summer.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Scott, C., E.; Saros, J., E.; Williamson, C., E.; Salm, C., R.; Peters, S., C.; and Mitchell, D., L.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Hydrobiologia, 619(1): 155-166. 2009.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Effects$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {Effects of nutrients and dissolved organic matter on the response of phytoplankton to ultraviolet radiation: Experimental comparison in spring versus summer},\n type = {article},\n year = {2009},\n keywords = {Nutrients,Phytoplankton,Seasonal effects,Ultraviolet radiation},\n pages = {155-166},\n volume = {619},\n id = {71f90445-0680-3820-bce5-662084b9041f},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:13.481Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:54:03.876Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The effects of nutrients and dissolved organic matter (DOM) on the response of phytoplankton community structure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) was studied using natural phytoplankton assemblages from Lake Giles (Northeastern Pennsylvania), a temperate, oligotrophic, highly UVR-transparent lake. Microcosm experiments were conducted in 1-l bags in the spring and summer. A factorial design was used, with two UVR treatments (ambient and reduced), two nutrient treatments (control with no nutrients added, and nitrogen and phosphorus addition together), and two DOM treatments (control of 1 mg l-1 and doubled). In April, UVR affected the overall phytoplankton community structure, causing a shift in the dominant species. Significant interactive effects of UVR × nutrients and UVR × DOM were found on total phytoplankton biovolumes. In July, all taxa responded positively to the N + P addition, and were affected differentially by the UVR treatments. The initial communities varied in April and July, but Synura sp. and Chroomonas sp. were present in both seasons. Synura sp. responded positively to the addition of DOM in April and the reduction of UVR in July. Chroomonas sp. responded positively to the reduction of UVR in April and the addition of nutrients in July. The differential sensitivity of these two species suggests that changing environmental factors between spring and summer promoted differences in the relative importance of UVR in changing phytoplankton community structure. © 2008 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Scott, Caren E. and Saros, Jasmine E. and Williamson, Craig E. and Salm, Courtney R. and Peters, Stephen C. and Mitchell, David L.},\n doi = {10.1007/s10750-008-9608-5},\n journal = {Hydrobiologia},\n number = {1}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Ultraviolet insights: Attempting to resolve enigmatic patterns in pelagic freshwaters - the historical context and a view to the future.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Williamson, C., E.; and Rose, K., C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Review of Hydrobiology, 94(2): 129-142. 2009.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Ultraviolet$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {Ultraviolet insights: Attempting to resolve enigmatic patterns in pelagic freshwaters - the historical context and a view to the future},\n type = {article},\n year = {2009},\n keywords = {Dissolved organic matter,Freshwater ecosystem,Pelagic community,Plankton,Ultraviolet radiation},\n pages = {129-142},\n volume = {94},\n id = {0e6f2211-00f5-32e6-9955-6b7393b171ec},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:13.749Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:54:08.883Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {While great advances have been made in our understanding of pelagic freshwater communities and ecosystems in recent years, several unexplained patterns continue to evade our understanding. While no single factor can explain these enigmatic patterns, recent increases in our understanding of the ecology of ultraviolet radiation (UV) are consistent with UV playing an important role. Here we present a brief overview of why UV has historically received so little attention in pelagic freshwater ecosystems, review some of the important aspects of the ecology of UV that are important to these enigmatic patterns, and discuss how this new understanding of the ecology of UV may provide some insights into these previously unexplained patterns. © 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Williamson, Craig E. and Rose, Kevin C.},\n doi = {10.1002/iroh.200811099},\n journal = {International Review of Hydrobiology},\n number = {2}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Elevated CO2 increases sensitivity to ultraviolet radiation in lacustrine phytoplankton assemblages.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Sobrino, C.; Neale, P., J.; Phillips-Kress, J., D.; Moeller, R., E.; and Porter, J., A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Limnology and Oceanography, 54(6 PART 2): 2448-2459. 2009.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Elevated$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {Elevated CO2 increases sensitivity to ultraviolet radiation in lacustrine phytoplankton assemblages},\n type = {article},\n year = {2009},\n pages = {2448-2459},\n volume = {54},\n id = {dfe5c22d-5a31-35ef-b002-fb0d5887318c},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:13.920Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:54:17.487Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {This study tests the effects of elevated CO2 and ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on phytoplankton photosynthesis through in situ incubations in Lake Giles, Pennsylvania. In a first experiment, CO2 was supplied from a tank to simulate atmospheric CO2 concentrations predicted in scenarios of future global change. In a second experiment, elevated CO 2 conditions were obtained by the mineralization of added colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) of terrestrial origin (400 μmol L -1 final concentration). The results demonstrated that for natural assemblages from Lake Giles, atmospheric CO2 concentrations similar to those predicted for the end of the century can increase primary productivity up to 23% in the absence of photoinhibition. However, elevated CO2 concentrations also increased sensitivity of phytoplankton to UVR, making cells more susceptible and increasing photoinhibition. Increased sensitivity was observed in samples incubated with the artificial CO2 supply as well as with the CDOM addition, the latter resulting in CO2 partial pressures close to three times present atmospheric levels. Photosynthetic rate modeled for elevated CO2 and midday solar exposure just below the lake surface was 17% of potential production compared with 21% under usual CO2 levels in the lake, resulting in similar rates between phytoplankton assemblages grown under high and low CO2 levels. Understanding the effect on primary productivity of the interaction between factors that may be affected by global change is essential to predict future changes in ecosystems and climate. © 2009, by the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Inc.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Sobrino, Cristina and Neale, P. J. and Phillips-Kress, J. D. and Moeller, R. E. and Porter, J. A.},\n doi = {10.4319/lo.2009.54.6_part_2.2448},\n journal = {Limnology and Oceanography},\n number = {6 PART 2}\n}

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\n \n 2008\n \n \n (2)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Patterns of Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure in Bluegill Nests over the Course of the Spawning Season.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Olson, M., H.; Adams-Deutsch, T.; Cassels, K., J.; Oliver, A., E.; and Mitchell, D., L.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 137(5): 1446-1454. 2008.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Patterns$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {Patterns of Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure in Bluegill Nests over the Course of the Spawning Season},\n type = {article},\n year = {2008},\n pages = {1446-1454},\n volume = {137},\n id = {3bcf7664-0b2b-3984-a425-0f4090f0b577},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:10.755Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:51:11.673Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Ultraviolet radiation (UVR; wave length, 280-400 nm) can be an important source of mortality for fish, particularly during early life history stages. Because UVR exposure varies seasonally owing to solar angle, climatic conditions, and changes in the UV transparency of water, UVR-induced mortality among temperate fishes may vary as a function of spawning time. We examined patterns of UVR exposure in nests of bluegill Lepomis macrochirus over the course of a spawning season in a highly transparent lake in northeastern Pennsylvania. At the beginning, middle, and end of the spawning season, we measured nest depth and estimated the cumulative UVR exposure of all bluegill nests along three 250-m transects. Cumulative exposure was then used to predict the UVR-induced mortality for bluegill larvae in each nest. The median UVR exposure in bluegill nests was highest at the start of the spawning season, and the predicted UVR-induced larval mortality was at least 10% in 38% of the nests. As the season progressed, the median UVR exposure decreased, and only 4% of the nests were predicted to have larval mortality of at least 10% by the middle and end of the spawning season. This decrease in exposure was partly due to a seasonal decline in UVR transparency. In addition, mean nest depth increased over the course of the spawning season, as bluegills increasingly nested at depths of 4 m or more. Because UVR attenuates with depth, deeper nests received less UVR exposure than did nests closer to the surface. For many species, reproductive success is strongly dependent on spawning time. Our results suggest that in some systems a consequence of early spawning may be an increased risk of UVR-induced mortality.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Olson, Mark H. and Adams-Deutsch, Tristan and Cassels, Kelly J. and Oliver, Amy E. and Mitchell, David L.},\n doi = {10.1577/t07-213.1},\n journal = {Transactions of the American Fisheries Society},\n number = {5}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Effects of temperature and ultraviolet radiation on diel vertical migration of freshwater crustacean zooplankton.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Cooke, S., L.; Williamson, C., E.; Leech, D., M.; Boeing, W., J.; and Torres, L.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 65(6): 1144-1152. 2008.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Effects$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {Effects of temperature and ultraviolet radiation on diel vertical migration of freshwater crustacean zooplankton},\n type = {article},\n year = {2008},\n pages = {1144-1152},\n volume = {65},\n id = {1129705a-9ed8-3caa-8c19-963e6afc811f},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:12.618Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:52:54.383Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {In transparent, thermally stratified lakes, ultraviolet radiation (UV) and temperature are among the primary factors influencing diel vertical migration (DVM) of zooplankton. It is not well known how behavioral responses will vary across a wide range of depths with steep gradients in UV, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), and temperature. Our objective was to determine the relative importance of UV and temperature on DVM of Daphnia catawba and Leptodiaptomus minutus in a high UV, thermally stratified lake. Using UV-transparent (+UV) and UV-opaque (-UV) columns suspended within the mixed layer and metalimnion, we found that both species were generally shallower in the -UV than in the +UV columns. Daphnia catawba responded negatively to UV, even below the 1% depth for 320 nm, whereas L. minutus responded to UV only within the mixed layer and upper metalimnion. Daphnia catawba did not migrate in the -UV in the mixed layer, but migrated upwards in the -UV in the deep part of the metalimnion, indicating a temperature-induced rather than phototactic response. At night, both species migrated upwards in the metalimnion and were evenly distributed in the mixed layer. These results indicate that in transparent lakes, UV may constrain some zooplankton to cooler, suboptimal temperatures, which may compromise fitness. © 2008 NRC.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Cooke, Sandra L. and Williamson, Craig E. and Leech, Dina M. and Boeing, Wiebke J. and Torres, Lisette},\n doi = {10.1139/F08-039},\n journal = {Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences},\n number = {6}\n}

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\n \n 2007\n \n \n (2)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Marine resistivity as a tool for characterizing zones of seepage at Lake Lacawac, PA.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Heaney, M., J.; Nyquist, J., E.; and Toran, L., E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Proceedings of the Symposium on the Application of Geophyics to Engineering and Environmental Problems, SAGEEP, 2: 1212-1222. 2007.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Marine$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {Marine resistivity as a tool for characterizing zones of seepage at Lake Lacawac, PA},\n type = {article},\n year = {2007},\n pages = {1212-1222},\n volume = {2},\n id = {39b134d9-fec6-39e4-a76e-7259a15e7df1},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:10.796Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:51:03.884Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The groundwater-surface water exchange zones of lakes and streams are dynamic and difficult to characterize. The spatial variability of seepage zones makes them hard to locate using traditional point sampling methods. The goal of this project is to use marine resistivity to identify potential zones of groundwater discharge and recharge, providing focus for point measurements. Multiple resistivity surveys were conducted at Lake Lacawac, a small, glacially formed lake in northeastern Pennsylvania. One target for these surveys was the resistivity contrast between groundwater and surface water. Another target was resistivity contrasts created by geologic heterogeneities that control groundwater discharge into the lake. Two types of surveys were conducted using a SuperSting® resistivity system. In a continuous resistivity profile, a multi-electrode cable was towed parallel to shore to look for spatial variability in resistivity around the lake. A second resistivity array was laid on the lake bottom perpendicular to the shoreline to examine how resistivity varied with distance from shore. The results of these surveys suggested several lithology changes both along the shoreline and with distance from shore. Seepage meters were used to provide ground truth about interpreted areas of seepage.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Heaney, Matthew J. and Nyquist, Jonathan E. and Toran, Laura E.},\n doi = {10.4133/1.2924642},\n journal = {Proceedings of the Symposium on the Application of Geophyics to Engineering and Environmental Problems, SAGEEP}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Mercury emission to the atmosphere from experimental manipulation of DOC and UVR in mesoscale field chambers in a freshwater lake.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Peters, S., C.; Wollenberg, J., L.; Morris, D., P.; and Porter, J., A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Environmental Science and Technology, 41(21): 7356-7362. 2007.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Mercury$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {Mercury emission to the atmosphere from experimental manipulation of DOC and UVR in mesoscale field chambers in a freshwater lake},\n type = {article},\n year = {2007},\n pages = {7356-7362},\n volume = {41},\n id = {68eb2586-b337-3cbf-95b2-260ae0f81a3f},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:13.644Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:54:09.896Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Mesocosm experiments in an optically transparent lake allow the manipulation of both dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and incident ultraviolet radiation (UVR) in order to study mercury reduction and emission processes. In the absence of UVR and the presence of visible light, mercury emission is very low (∼0.3 ng/m2/h). When UVR is permitted in the mesocosm chambers, mercury emission increases, with emission rates ranging from 0.3 to 2.5 ng/m2/h. At concentrations between 1.5 and 2.5 mg/L DOC, mercury emission does not appear to depend on either the concentration or the optical properties of the DOC. In particular, the addition of 1.0 mg/L DOC from a nearby wetland to a photobleached mesocosm did not increase the emission of mercury. The similarities between mercury emission from highly photobleached 1.5 mg/L OOC and from terrestrially enriched 2.5 mg/L DOC suggest that the moieties responsible for mercury reduction are far in excess of that needed for mercury reduction. Using the measured flux rate of mercury from the water surface, we calculated a dissolved gaseous mercury (DGM) concentration that would need to be present to drive the emissive flux. The buildup of DGM was used to approximate a kinetic rate constant for the net mercury reduction in this system of approximately 0.17 h-1, which is consistent with existing published values. © 2007 American Chemical Society.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Peters, Stephen C. and Wollenberg, Jennifer L. and Morris, Donald P. and Porter, Jason A.},\n doi = {10.1021/es0709674},\n journal = {Environmental Science and Technology},\n number = {21}\n}

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\n \n 2006\n \n \n (2)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Positive effects of UV radiation on a calanoid copepod in a transparent lake: Do competition, predation or food availability play a role?.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Cooke, S., L.; and Williamson, C., E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Plankton Research, 28(2): 171-179. 2006.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Positive$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {Positive effects of UV radiation on a calanoid copepod in a transparent lake: Do competition, predation or food availability play a role?},\n type = {article},\n year = {2006},\n pages = {171-179},\n volume = {28},\n id = {b9f9e498-89d4-3aec-a92f-32cd4897b762},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:13.124Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:53:40.992Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Zooplankton tolerant to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) could be indirectly affected by UVR through interactions with UV-sensitive species in the same ecosystem. In Lake Giles, Pennsylvania, USA, the calanoid copepod Leptodiaptomus minutus is more UVR tolerant than the cohabiting species Daphnia catawba and Cyclops scutifer. We asked whether L. minutus is affected by UV-induced mortality of a food competitor (D. catawba) or a predator of its nauplii (C. scutifer). We conducted two in situ enclosure experiments with six treatments: L. minutus alone, L . minutus + Daphnia and L. minutus + Cyclops in the presence and absence of UVR. There were few differences in survival among treatments in Experiment 1, which had enhanced food and a cumulative UVR (320 nm) dose of 9.3 kJ m-2. In Experiment 2, which had ambient food and a UVR (320 nm) dose of 20.0 kJ m-2, L. minutus survival and reproduction were higher in the +UVR compared to -UVR, regardless of competitors or predators. Chlorophyll a (Chl a) in Experiment 2 was higher in the +UVR than -UVR. While interactions between zooplankton species of differing UVR tolerances are potentially important, these results instead demonstrate that the beneficial UVR effect on L. minutus is independent of concurrent detrimental UVR effects on competitors and predators. Further research on the phytoplankton community is necessary to determine whether UVR alleviates bacterial competition, increases nutrient availability or affects phytoplankton by other mechanisms. © The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Cooke, Sandra L. and Williamson, Craig E.},\n doi = {10.1093/plankt/fbi108},\n journal = {Journal of Plankton Research},\n number = {2}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Quantifying ultraviolet radiation mortality risk in bluegill larvae: Effects of nest location.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Olson, M., H.; Colip, M., R.; Gerlach, J., S.; and Mitchell, D., L.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Ecological Applications, 16(1): 328-338. 2006.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Quantifying$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {Quantifying ultraviolet radiation mortality risk in bluegill larvae: Effects of nest location},\n type = {article},\n year = {2006},\n keywords = {Bluegill,DNA dosimeter,Fish larvae,Lepomis macrochirus,Mortality,Nest location,Quantile regression,Ultraviolet radiation},\n pages = {328-338},\n volume = {16},\n id = {0019d930-c834-30e2-ae7c-06394d296145},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:14.002Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:54:34.351Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Ultraviolet (UV) radiation (280-400 nm) is an increasing threat to aquatic organisms due to stratospheric ozone depletion and reductions in concentrations of dissolved organic carbon. Because fish are most vulnerable to UV during the egg and larval stages, parental spawning site selection can strongly influence mortality risk. We examined the role of nest location in determining UV-induced mortality risk for bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) in Lake Giles, Pennsylvania, USA. In a series of five short-term incubation experiments, we found that survival of yolk sac larvae across the range of depths at which bluegill spawn was significantly lower in the presence of ambient-UV levels relative to larvae that were shielded from UV radiation. In addition, survival decreased as a function of cumulative UV exposure, as measured by the number of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers per megabase DNA in DNA dosimeters. Although UV had the potential to significantly reduce larval survival, DNA dosimeters placed in bluegill nests concurrently with incubation experiments indicated that most nests were exposed to relatively low levels of UV. Only 19% of nests had predicted UV-induced mortality greater than 25%. Consequently, current levels of UV may be an important mortality source at the level of individual nests, but not at the population level. One reason for the weak predicted effect of UV on bluegill survival is that many nests were located at depths by which much of the incident UV had been attenuated. In addition, many of the shallower nests were protected by overhanging trees or other submerged structures. It is important to note that Lake Giles is highly transparent and therefore not representative of all lakes in which bluegill are found. Nevertheless, Lake Giles is a natural system and may be representative of north temperate lakes in the future. © 2006 by the Ecological Society of America.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Olson, Mark H. and Colip, Matthew R. and Gerlach, Justin S. and Mitchell, David L.},\n doi = {10.1890/05-0287},\n journal = {Ecological Applications},\n number = {1}\n}

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\n \n 2005\n \n \n (4)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Dietary acquisition of photoprotective compounds (mycosporine-like amino acids, carotenoids) and acclimation to ultraviolet radiation in a freshwater copepod.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Moeller, R., E.; Gilroy, S.; Williamson, C., E.; Grad, G.; and Sommaruga, R.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Limnology and Oceanography, 50(2): 427-439. 2005.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Dietary$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {Dietary acquisition of photoprotective compounds (mycosporine-like amino acids, carotenoids) and acclimation to ultraviolet radiation in a freshwater copepod},\n type = {article},\n year = {2005},\n pages = {427-439},\n volume = {50},\n id = {7089ad24-2851-387d-b47a-54e7fdbf7303},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:12.165Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:52:23.395Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {We experimentally tested the hypothesis that accumulations of dietary compounds such as carotenoids or UV-absorbing mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) protect against natural levels of ultraviolet radiation (UVR). A calanoid copepod, Leptodiaptomus minutus, was collected from a relatively UV-transparent lake in Pennsylvania where levels of copepod MAAs and carotenoids vary during the year (MAAs high/carotenoids low in summer). Animals raised in the laboratory under different diet/UVR treatments accumulated MAAs from an MAA-producing dinoflagellate but not from a cryptomonad that lacks them. The acquisition efficiency increased under exposure to UVR-supplemented photosynthetically active radiation (PAR, 400-700 nm), yielding MAA concentrations up to 0.7% dry weight compared with only 0.3% under unsupplemented PAR. Proportions of individual MAAs differed between the animals and their diet. Shorter wavelength absorbing palythine and shinorine (λmax 320 and 334 nm, respectively) were disproportionately accumulated over usujirene and palythene (λmax ca. 359 nm). Carotenoids accumulated under UVR exposure (to 1% dry weight) when dietary MAAs were not available. Tolerance of ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation was assessed as LE50s (UV exposure giving 50% mortality after 5 d) following 12-h acute exposure to artificial UV-B radiation. LE50s increased 2.5-fold for UV-acclimated, MAA-rich animals, but only 1.5-fold for UV-acclimated, carotenoid-rich animals. Compared with carotenoids, MAAs offer this copepod a more effective photoprotection strategy, potentially as important as photorepair of DNA damage, to promote tolerance of natural levels of UV-B radiation. © 2005, by the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Inc.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Moeller, Robert E. and Gilroy, Shawna and Williamson, Craig E. and Grad, Gabriella and Sommaruga, Ruben},\n doi = {10.4319/lo.2005.50.2.0427},\n journal = {Limnology and Oceanography},\n number = {2}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Ultraviolet and temperature effects on planktonic rotifers and crustaceans in northern temperate lakes.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Persaud, A., D.; and Williamson, C., E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Freshwater Biology, 50(3): 467-476. 2005.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Ultraviolet$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {Ultraviolet and temperature effects on planktonic rotifers and crustaceans in northern temperate lakes},\n type = {article},\n year = {2005},\n keywords = {Rotifers,Temperate lakes,Temperature,UV,Zooplankton},\n pages = {467-476},\n volume = {50},\n id = {dfab5745-18fe-39e9-ba58-ec52d1202735},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:12.232Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:52:36.317Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {1. Anthropogenic stressors such as climate change, ozone depletion and acidification may act in concert to alter ultraviolet (UV) light and temperature regimes in freshwater ecosystems. These physical and chemical changes will inevitably affect zooplankton community dynamics, but little is known about their relative effects on different species in natural communities. During spring, species that migrate to surface waters to take advantage of warmer temperatures may be especially vulnerable as UV levels can be high. 2. The objective of this study was to investigate the in situ effects of UV and temperature on a natural assemblage of planktonic rotifers and crustaceans during the spring. We performed in situ exposure experiments in two lakes with different surface temperatures. 3. Exposure to UV had a significant effect on the abundance and/or reproduction of four rotifers: Gastropus spp., Kellicottia bostonensis, Kellicottia longispina, Keratella spp.; two cladocerans: Holopedium gibberum, Daphnia catawba, and one copepod: Leptodiaptomus minutus. Incubation under cooler temperatures had a negative effect on K. longispina and H. gibberum. Temperature and UV had a significant interactive effect on abundance and/or reproduction of L. minutus and Ploesoma truncatum. Our results indicate that changes in underwater UV and temperature can significantly influence the composition of the zooplankton community and ultimately food web dynamics. © 2005 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Persaud, Anurani D. and Williamson, Craig E.},\n doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2427.2005.01334.x},\n journal = {Freshwater Biology},\n number = {3}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The role of iron and dissolved organic carbon in the absorption of ultraviolet radiation in humic lake water.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Maloney, K., O.; Morris, D., P.; Moses, C., O.; and Osburn, C., L.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeochemistry, 75(3): 393-407. 2005.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {The role of iron and dissolved organic carbon in the absorption of ultraviolet radiation in humic lake water},\n type = {article},\n year = {2005},\n keywords = {Anoxia,Dissolved organic carbon (DOC),Hypolimnion,Iron (Fe),Sediment,Temperate lake,UVR absorbance},\n pages = {393-407},\n volume = {75},\n id = {dd85c0fb-0105-30a1-88fe-1d745adb6a4b},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:13.241Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:53:58.238Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Absorption of solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) in aquatic ecosystems is primarily controlled by dissolved organic carbon (DOC). The role of iron (Fe) has also been suggested to contribute to UVR attenuation either directly or by interactions with DOC. Here we present findings from three laboratory manipulations of Fe and DOC on changes to the dissolved UVR absorption (a d,320) in a mid-latitude, dimictic, humic lake. In a laboratory simulation of lake turnover where anoxic, hypolimnetic water was oxygenated a d,320 significantly increased from 23.3 to 81.7 m-1 (p<0.0001). In a second laboratory experiment, addition of ferrous Fe to deoxygenated lake water increased a d,320 upon reoxygenation up to a concentration of 1.0 mg l-1 Fe, where a solubility saturation threshold may have been reached. In situ lake experiments were designed to simulate release of UV absorbing substances from anoxic sediments by placing 20-l carboys (open at the bottom, sealed at the top) onto the lake bottom. UV absorption at 320 nm increased over time for samples from within the experimental carboys. Finally, samples from several lake profiles and sediment experiments were analyzed for a d,320, total Fe, and DOC. UV absorption of dissolved substances at 320 nm and total Fe concentration both increased with depth, however DOC remained relatively constant over depth. Furthermore, total Fe and spectral slope showed tight coupling up to 1 mg l -1 total Fe in our survey analysis. Our results provide evidence for the importance of anoxic sediments as a source of ferrous iron and UV absorbing substances and suggest a role for ferric iron in increasing UVR and PAR absorption in lake water. We suggest that as this ferrous Fe oxidizes, its absorptive properties increase, and it may bind with dissolved organic matter, enabling it to remain in solution and thus increasing the dissolved absorption of lake water for extended periods of time. © Springer 2005.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Maloney, Kelly O. and Morris, Donald P. and Moses, Carl O. and Osburn, Christopher L.},\n doi = {10.1007/s10533-005-1675-3},\n journal = {Biogeochemistry},\n number = {3}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Photoreactivation in two freshwater ciliates: Differential responses to variations in UV-B flux and temperature.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Sanders, R., W.; Macaluso, A., L.; Sardina, T., J.; and Mitchell, D., L.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Aquatic Microbial Ecology, 40(3): 283-292. 2005.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Photoreactivation$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {Photoreactivation in two freshwater ciliates: Differential responses to variations in UV-B flux and temperature},\n type = {article},\n year = {2005},\n keywords = {Ciliates,Cyclidium,Cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers,Glaucoma,Photoenzymatic repair,Photoreactivation,Temperature,UV-B,Ultraviolet radiation},\n pages = {283-292},\n volume = {40},\n id = {5f0fd7a4-9b00-3547-b3a2-5e9523f34e82},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:13.543Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:54:01.700Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The effects of UV-B radiation on 2 ciliate species (Glaucoma sp. and Cyclidium sp.) from a clear oligotrophic lake were examined under laboratory conditions with and without photoreactivating radiation (PRR: UV-A and visible light). Glaucoma sp. was exposed to 3 UV-B intensities at 4 temperatures to simulate a range of environmentally relevant conditions. Population growth of Glaucoma sp. declined with increasing levels of UV-B exposure in treatments receiving PRR; blocking PRR generally resulted in 100% mortality. Occurrence of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs [mb DNA]-1) was significantly reduced in Glaucoma sp. receiving PRR relative to those without PRR. These data indicate that photoenzymatic repair is a major component of UV-B tolerance in Glaucoma. At UV-B levels that Glaucoma sp. tolerated, Cyclidium sp. suffered 100% mortality and accumulated a similar level of CPDs whether or not PRR was blocked. Incubation of the 2 ciliates under UV-transparent and UV-blocking acrylics in the oligotrophic lake confirmed their relative sensitivities to UV radiation (UVR). Photoenzymatic repair in Glaucoma sp. was more efficient at 20°C than at 10, 15 and 25°C. The temperature-dependent nature of photoenzymatic repair underscores the need to consider the interactive effects of temperature and UVR on biota, particularly in the face of global climate change and rising incident UVR due to ozone depletion. © Inter-Research 2005.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Sanders, Robert W. and Macaluso, Amy L. and Sardina, Thomas J. and Mitchell, David L.},\n doi = {10.3354/ame040283},\n journal = {Aquatic Microbial Ecology},\n number = {3}\n}

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\n \n 2004\n \n \n (1)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Environmental Constraints on Spawning Depth of Yellow Perch: The Roles of Low Temperature and High Solar Ultraviolet Radiation.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Huff, D., D.; Grad, G.; and Williamson, C., E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 133(3): 718-726. 2004.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Environmental$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {Environmental Constraints on Spawning Depth of Yellow Perch: The Roles of Low Temperature and High Solar Ultraviolet Radiation},\n type = {article},\n year = {2004},\n pages = {718-726},\n volume = {133},\n id = {9239617a-1fa0-3efa-a6d7-01a903be4cc0},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:12.259Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:52:33.999Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The roles of temperature and ultraviolet radiation (UVR) in determining the spawning success of yellow perch Perca flavescens were investigated in two Pennsylvania lakes with different dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations. In situ incubation experiments were used to manipulate temperature and UVR and to examine hatching time and hatching success. Extensive scuba surveys were used to document actual spawning depths. Differences in the temperature and UVR profiles of the two lakes led to contrasting responses of incubated yellow perch eggs. Higher temperatures in the surface waters of the higher-DOC lake led to hatching times that were 10–26 d shorter than those in the surface waters of the low-DOC lake or in the deeper waters of the higher-DOC lake. The high levels of UVR in the surface waters of the low-DOC lake killed 100% of the eggs before hatching. Ultraviolet radiation had little effect on survival in the higher-DOC lake or in deeper waters of the low-DOC lake. Scuba surveys revealed that spawning in the low- DOC lake occurred at greater depths than previously recognized. Ninety-two percent of the eggs spawned in the low-DOC lake were located at depths greater than 3 m, while 76% of eggs in the higher-DOC lake were spawned in water less than 1 m deep. Temperature and UVR are both important in determining among-lake differences in spawning depths of yellow perch. Yellow perch are able to spawn at shallow depths in higher-DOC lakes, where warmer temperatures accelerate developmental rates and DOC blocks potentially damaging UVR. In low-DOC lakes, yellow perch must spawn at greater depths to avoid UVR damage. Spawning at greater depths may be costly due to the substantially slower developmental rates at lower temperatures. Our data suggest that the conflicting selective pressures of UVR and temperature create an optimal spawningdepth range for yellow perch that differs among lakes as a function of DOC concentration.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Huff, David D. and Grad, Gabriella and Williamson, Craig E.},\n doi = {10.1577/t03-048.1},\n journal = {Transactions of the American Fisheries Society},\n number = {3}\n}

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\n \n 2003\n \n \n (2)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Solar ultraviolet photodegradation of DOC may stimulate freshwater food webs.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n De Lange, H., J.; Morris, D., P.; and Williamson, C., E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Plankton Research, 25(1): 111-117. 2003.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Solar$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {Solar ultraviolet photodegradation of DOC may stimulate freshwater food webs},\n type = {article},\n year = {2003},\n pages = {111-117},\n volume = {25},\n id = {0590a0dc-9440-35d5-8a13-e792f3a82093},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:11.058Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:51:16.449Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The UV component in solar radiation increased the availability of DOC for bacterial growth, and led to an increase in bacterial and bacterivore abundance in laboratory plankton cultures. UV radiation may thus stimulate ecosystem productivity by increasing dissolved organic carbon lability and facilitating the transfer of carbon to higher trophic levels via the microbial loop.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {De Lange, Hendrika J. and Morris, Donald P. and Williamson, Craig E.},\n doi = {10.1093/plankt/25.1.111},\n journal = {Journal of Plankton Research},\n number = {1}\n}

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\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Solar ultraviolet photodegradation of DOC may stimulate freshwater food webs.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n De Lange, H., J.; Morris, D., P.; and Williamson, C., E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Plankton Research, 25(1): 111-117. 2003.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Solar$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {Solar ultraviolet photodegradation of DOC may stimulate freshwater food webs},\n type = {article},\n year = {2003},\n pages = {111-117},\n volume = {25},\n id = {8d958a37-4ae0-3b1d-95e1-7c41458e43ba},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:13.815Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:54:04.612Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The UV component in solar radiation increased the availability of DOC for bacterial growth, and led to an increase in bacterial and bacterivore abundance in laboratory plankton cultures. UV radiation may thus stimulate ecosystem productivity by increasing dissolved organic carbon lability and facilitating the transfer of carbon to higher trophic levels via the microbial loop.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {De Lange, Hendrika J. and Morris, Donald P. and Williamson, Craig E.},\n doi = {10.1093/plankt/25.1.111},\n journal = {Journal of Plankton Research},\n number = {1}\n}

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\n \n 2002\n \n \n (1)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Structure and composition of a northern hardwood forest exhibiting regeneration failure.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Townsend, D., S.; Seva, J., S.; Hee-Seagle, C.; and Mayers, G.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Bartonia, 61: 1-13. 2002.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Structure$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {Structure and composition of a northern hardwood forest exhibiting regeneration failure},\n type = {article},\n year = {2002},\n pages = {1-13},\n volume = {61},\n id = {e82eed21-e2e0-34e2-a786-2792412c5254},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:14.251Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:54:43.538Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Townsend, Daniel S. and Seva, Jennifer S. and Hee-Seagle, Carol and Mayers, Glen},\n journal = {Bartonia}\n}

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\n \n 2001\n \n \n (3)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Beneficial and detrimental effects of UV on aquatic organisms: Implications of spectral variation.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Williamson, C., E.; Neale, P., J.; Grad, G.; De Lange, H., J.; and Hargreaves, B., R.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Ecological Applications, 11(6): 1843-1857. 2001.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Beneficial$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {Beneficial and detrimental effects of UV on aquatic organisms: Implications of spectral variation},\n type = {article},\n year = {2001},\n keywords = {Biological weighting function,Daphnia pulicaria,Dissolved organic carbon,Environmental gradients,Lake optics,Ozone depletion,Spectral composition of solar radiation,UV-A and UV-B, relative damage to aquatic organism,Ultraviolet radiation,Zooplankton, tolerance of UV radiation},\n pages = {1843-1857},\n volume = {11},\n id = {3f8d85cd-20fc-368c-8715-65eb7e3082a0},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:10.016Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:50:31.101Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) may have beneficial as well as detrimental effects on living systems. For example, UV-B radiation (280-320 nm) is generally damaging, while UV-A radiation (320-400 nm) may cause damage or stimulate beneficial photorepair of UV-B damage. The nature of both direct and indirect effects of UVR in nature depends on both the photon flux density and the spectral composition of the radiation incident on aquatic organisms across environmental UVR gradients in space (depth, transparency, elevation) and time (diel, seasonal, interannual). Here we use the common and widespread freshwater cladoceran Daphnia pulicaria as a model organism to demonstrate the potential importance of these wavelength-specific effects of UVR to the ecology of aquatic organisms. UVR-exposure experiments are used to manipulate both natural solar and artificial UVR sources to examine the beneficial as well as detrimental effects of different wavelengths of UVR. Changes in the spectral composition of solar radiation are also examined along several natural environmental gradients including diel gradients, depth gradients, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) gradients. The implications of variation in the spectral composition of UVR for aquatic organisms are discussed. The first biological weighting function (BWF) for a freshwater cladoceran is presented here. It demonstrates that the shortest UV-B wavelengths in sunlight are potentially the most damaging per photon. However, due to the greater photon flux density of longer wavelength UVR in sunlight, the net potential damage to Daphnia in nature is greatest for the longer wavelength UV-B and shorter wavelength UV-A radiation in the 305-322 nm range. Overall the contribution of UV-B to the total mortality response of Daphnia exposed to full-spectrum solar radiation for 7 h on a sunny summer day is 64% while UV-A contributes 36%. The BWF for Daphnia is used with the transmission spectrum for Mylar D to demonstrate that Mylar D cuts out only about half of the damaging UVR in sunlight. Following exposure to damaging UV-B, Daphnia exhibits a dramatic increase in survival in the presence of longer wavelength UV-A and visible radiation due to the stimulation of photoenzymatic repair. We present data that demonstrate the importance of both atmospheric ozone and DOC in creating strong environmental gradients in the intensity (irradiance) and spectral composition of solar UVR in nature. The light-absorbing component of DOC, chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM), is particularly important in creating depth refugia from damaging UV-B in freshwater ecosystems. CDOM may also cause intense variations in the ratio of potentially beneficial UV-A to detrimental UV-B radiation to which aquatic organisms are exposed. In addition to changes in atmospheric ozone, future changes in CDOM related to climate change or other environmental disturbances may substantially alter the underwater exposure of a variety of aquatic organisms to different wavelengths of solar UVR.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Williamson, Craig E. and Neale, Patrick J. and Grad, Gabriella and De Lange, Hendrika J. and Hargreaves, Bruce R.},\n doi = {10.1890/1051-0761(2001)011[1843:BADEOU]2.0.CO;2},\n journal = {Ecological Applications},\n number = {6}\n}

\n

\n\n\n

\n Solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) may have beneficial as well as detrimental effects on living systems. For example, UV-B radiation (280-320 nm) is generally damaging, while UV-A radiation (320-400 nm) may cause damage or stimulate beneficial photorepair of UV-B damage. The nature of both direct and indirect effects of UVR in nature depends on both the photon flux density and the spectral composition of the radiation incident on aquatic organisms across environmental UVR gradients in space (depth, transparency, elevation) and time (diel, seasonal, interannual). Here we use the common and widespread freshwater cladoceran Daphnia pulicaria as a model organism to demonstrate the potential importance of these wavelength-specific effects of UVR to the ecology of aquatic organisms. UVR-exposure experiments are used to manipulate both natural solar and artificial UVR sources to examine the beneficial as well as detrimental effects of different wavelengths of UVR. Changes in the spectral composition of solar radiation are also examined along several natural environmental gradients including diel gradients, depth gradients, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) gradients. The implications of variation in the spectral composition of UVR for aquatic organisms are discussed. The first biological weighting function (BWF) for a freshwater cladoceran is presented here. It demonstrates that the shortest UV-B wavelengths in sunlight are potentially the most damaging per photon. However, due to the greater photon flux density of longer wavelength UVR in sunlight, the net potential damage to Daphnia in nature is greatest for the longer wavelength UV-B and shorter wavelength UV-A radiation in the 305-322 nm range. Overall the contribution of UV-B to the total mortality response of Daphnia exposed to full-spectrum solar radiation for 7 h on a sunny summer day is 64% while UV-A contributes 36%. The BWF for Daphnia is used with the transmission spectrum for Mylar D to demonstrate that Mylar D cuts out only about half of the damaging UVR in sunlight. Following exposure to damaging UV-B, Daphnia exhibits a dramatic increase in survival in the presence of longer wavelength UV-A and visible radiation due to the stimulation of photoenzymatic repair. We present data that demonstrate the importance of both atmospheric ozone and DOC in creating strong environmental gradients in the intensity (irradiance) and spectral composition of solar UVR in nature. The light-absorbing component of DOC, chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM), is particularly important in creating depth refugia from damaging UV-B in freshwater ecosystems. CDOM may also cause intense variations in the ratio of potentially beneficial UV-A to detrimental UV-B radiation to which aquatic organisms are exposed. In addition to changes in atmospheric ozone, future changes in CDOM related to climate change or other environmental disturbances may substantially alter the underwater exposure of a variety of aquatic organisms to different wavelengths of solar UVR.\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The implications of solar UV radiation exposure for fish and fisheries.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Zagarese, H., E.; and Williamson, C., E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Fish and Fisheries, 2(3): 250-260. 2001.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {The implications of solar UV radiation exposure for fish and fisheries},\n type = {article},\n year = {2001},\n keywords = {Acidification,DNA damage,Fish,Sunburn,Ultraviolet Radiation},\n pages = {250-260},\n volume = {2},\n id = {aca8f0a9-ef98-3615-aeda-6f61cc291d11},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:11.191Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:51:29.392Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) possesses three important properties that combine to make it a potent environmental force. These include the potential to induce damage: UVR carries more energy per photon than any other wavelength reaching the Earth's surface. Such highly energetic photons are known to damage many biological molecules, such as DNA and proteins. In addition, they can initiate a series of redox reactions to form reactive oxygen species (ROS), which cause oxidative stress to cells and tissues. The second property is ubiquity: owing to their dependence on light, primary producers and most visual predators, such as fish, are also necessarily exposed to damaging levels of UVR. Thirdly, the combined effect of UVR and additional environmental factors may result in synergestic effects, such as the photoactivation of organic pollutants and photosensitisation. In natural environments, the concentration of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and habitat depth are the two main factors controlling the degree of UVR exposure experienced by fish. Additional factors include vegetation coverage, particulate materials in suspension, pH and hydrological characteristics, and site location (latitude, elevation). The range of potential effects on fish includes direct DNA damage resulting in embryo and larval mortality, and adult and juvenile sunburn, as well as indirect oxidative stress, phototoxicity and photosensitisation.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Zagarese, Horacio E. and Williamson, Craig E.},\n doi = {10.1046/j.1467-2960.2001.00048.x},\n journal = {Fish and Fisheries},\n number = {3}\n}

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\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Chemical and optical changes in freshwater dissolved organic matter exposed to solar radiation.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Osburn, C., L.; Morris, D., P.; Thorn, K., A.; and Moeller, R., E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeochemistry, 54(3): 251-278. 2001.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Chemical$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {Chemical and optical changes in freshwater dissolved organic matter exposed to solar radiation},\n type = {article},\n year = {2001},\n keywords = {Carbon stable isotopes,DOM,Humic acids,NMR,Photooxidation},\n pages = {251-278},\n volume = {54},\n id = {d459d6d4-708b-3891-9ea2-cb4f515fe11c},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:14.974Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:55:32.737Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {We studied the chemical and optical changes in the dissolved organic matter (DOM) from two freshwater lakes and a Sphagnum bog after exposure to solar radiation. Stable carbon isotopes and solid-state 13C-NMR spectra of DOM were used together with optical and chemical data to interpret results from experimental exposures of DOM to sunlight and from seasonal observations of two lakes in northeastern Pennsylvania. Solar photochemical oxidation of humic-rich bog DOM to smaller LMW compounds and to DIC was inferred from losses of UV absorbance, optical indices of molecular weight and changes in DOM chemistry. Experimentally, we observed a 1.2‰ enrichment in δ13C and a 47% loss in aromatic C functionality in bog DOM samples exposed to solar UVR. Similar results were observed in the surface waters of both lakes. In late summer hypolimnetic water in humic Lake Lacawac, we observed 3 to 4.5‰ enrichments in δ13C and a 30% increase in aromatic C relative to early spring values during spring mixing. These changes coincided with increases in molecular weight and UV absorbance. Anaerobic conditions of the hypolimnion in Lake Lacawac suggest that microbial metabolism may be turning over allochthonous C introduced during spring mixing, as well as autochthonous C. This metabolic activity produces HMW DOM during the summer, which is photochemically labile and isotopically distinct from allochthonous DOM or autochthonous DOM. These results suggest both photooxidation of allochthonous DOM in the epilimnion and autotrophic production of DOM by bacteria in the hypolimnion cause seasonal trends in the UV absorbance of lakes.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Osburn, Christopher L. and Morris, Donald P. and Thorn, Kevin A. and Moeller, Robert E.},\n doi = {10.1023/A:1010657428418},\n journal = {Biogeochemistry},\n number = {3}\n}

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\n \n 2000\n \n \n (1)\n \n \n

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\n \n \n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Is tolerance to UV radiation in zooplankton related to body size, taxon, or lake transparency?.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Leech, D., M.; and Williamson, C., E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Ecological Applications, 10(5): 1530-1540. 2000.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Is$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {Is tolerance to UV radiation in zooplankton related to body size, taxon, or lake transparency?},\n type = {article},\n year = {2000},\n keywords = {Diel vertical migration,Lake transparency,Ultraviolet radiation,Zooplankton},\n pages = {1530-1540},\n volume = {10},\n id = {0e99db20-9eb4-3f62-ae27-477ea517eb42},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:12.662Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:52:53.333Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) has been demonstrated to have damaging effects on zooplankton, but little is known about What factors influence UVR tolerance in nature. Here we examined the relationship between UVR tolerance (the sum of photoprotection and photorepair processes) and zooplankton taxon, body size, and source lake UVR transparency. Zooplankton of various sizes and taxa from lakes of different UV transparency were exposed to different intensities of a constant artificial UVR source. UVR tolerance was expressed as the UVR dose at which 50% mortality was observed for a given species. Smaller zooplankton species showed a uniformly high UVR tolerance, while larger I zooplankton varied m their UVR tolerance both among and within species. The smaller rotifers, Keratella in particular, showed a high UVR tolerance while the larger, more transparent rotifer (Asplanchna) showed an intermediate UVR tolerance. Both cyclopoid and calanoid copepod adults were more highly tolerant of UVR than nauplii. Late-instar larvae of the predatory insect Chaoborus were more UVR tolerant than earlier instars. UVR tolerance showed no relationship to the UVR transparency of the source lake. Differential UVR tolerances among zooplankton taxa may alter community and ecosystem structure and function during anticipated changes in underwater UVR environments.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Leech, D. M. and Williamson, C. E.},\n doi = {10.1890/1051-0761(2000)010[1530:ITTURI]2.0.CO;2},\n journal = {Ecological Applications},\n number = {5}\n}

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\n \n 1999\n \n \n (5)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Dissolved organic carbon and nutrients as regulators of lake ecosystems: resurrection of a more integrated paradigm.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Williamson, C., E.; Morris, D., P.; Pace, M., L.; and Olson, O., G.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Limnology and Oceanography, 44(3): 795-803. 1999.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Dissolved$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {Dissolved organic carbon and nutrients as regulators of lake ecosystems: resurrection of a more integrated paradigm},\n type = {article},\n year = {1999},\n pages = {795-803},\n volume = {44},\n id = {87b0ac42-4da9-34fa-8aaf-746f3544a63c},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:10.666Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:50:53.205Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Williamson, Craig E. and Morris, Donald P. and Pace, Michael L. and Olson, Olaf G.},\n journal = {Limnology and Oceanography},\n number = {3}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Effects of prey abundance and light intensity on the mixotrophic chrysophyte Poterioochromonas malhamensis from a mesotrophic lake.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Holen, D., A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Freshwater Biology, 42(3): 445-455. 1999.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Effects$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {Effects of prey abundance and light intensity on the mixotrophic chrysophyte Poterioochromonas malhamensis from a mesotrophic lake},\n type = {article},\n year = {1999},\n keywords = {Chrysophyte,Flagellate,Mixotrophy,Phagotrophy,Poterioochromonas},\n pages = {445-455},\n volume = {42},\n id = {e987f938-44be-38fc-8e98-dfb6d31786ba},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:11.319Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:51:37.843Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {1. Previous studies of mixotrophy in the flagellate Poterioochromonas malhamensis (Chrysophyceae) were performed on strains that had been in culture for > 30 years. This study aims to compare mixotrophy in a cultured strain with one recently isolated from a mesotrophic lake (Lacawac) in Pennsylvania, U.S.A. 2. P. malhamensis from the lake exhibited a nutritional flexibility similar to that of the culture strain, growing phototrophically but inefficiently in comparison to other nutritional modes (growth rate (μ) = 0.015 h-1). Supplementing an inorganic salts medium with 1 mM glucose resulted in a doubling of μ to 0.035 h-1 and 0.033 h-1 in the light and the dark, respectively. Addition of an algal prey, Nannochloris, to the inorganic salts medium increased growth to rates similar to those observed with glucose. Maximum growth of the lake strain, 0.095 h-1, was achieved when bacteria was supplied as food. During growth on bacteria, cellular chlorophyll a (Chl a) decreased from 140 fg cell-1 to 10 fg cell-1 over 22 h when cultured either in the light or dark. In illuminated cultures, cell-specific Chl a concentration recovered to 185 fg cell-1 after bacteria became limiting. 3. In contrast to the cultured strain, however, the lake isolate exhibited an inverse relationship between light intensity and ingestion rate. Calculated grazing rates, based upon the ingestion of fluorescently labeled bacteria, were 3.2, 5.2 and 9.4 bacteria flagellate-1 h-1, for P. malhamensis incubated in high light, low light and darkness, respectively. Phagotrophy is thus influenced by a light regime in this predominately heterotrophic mixotroph.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Holen, Dale A.},\n doi = {10.1046/j.1365-2427.1999.00476.x},\n journal = {Freshwater Biology},\n number = {3}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n A comparative study of ultraviolet radiation tolerance in different populations of Diaptomus minutus.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Stutzman, P.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Plankton Research, 21(2): 387-400. 1999.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"A$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {A comparative study of ultraviolet radiation tolerance in different populations of Diaptomus minutus},\n type = {article},\n year = {1999},\n pages = {387-400},\n volume = {21},\n id = {e000e670-d49c-3f19-a986-486176de2669},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:12.430Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:52:41.696Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {A series of experiments was conducted to test the hypothesis that populations of Diaptomus minutus routinely experiencing high levels of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) are more tolerant of UVR than are those that routinely experience low levels of UVR. The relative degree of UVR tolerance was determined by monitoring mortality induced by either lamp or solar UVR. Diaptomus minutus from the low-dissolved organic carbon (DOC), high-UVR Lake Giles were consistently more tolerant of lamp and solar UVR than were those from the moderate-DOG, low UVR Lake Lacawac. This difference in WR tolerance was apparent throughout the year in freshly collected animals, but it did not persist in cultured animals. The lamp UVR tolerances of cultured D.minutus were similar, except for those initiated from September collections. The September culture of Lake Giles animals was significantly more tolerant than the Lake Giles cultures initiated in December, May and June. The September culture of Lake Lacawac animals was significantly more tolerant than the June culture. The lamp UVR tolerance of freshly collected Lake Giles animals was greatest from late June through October, but the Lake Lacawac population was least tolerant in July and August. No differences in lamp WR tolerances were detected between animals collected from the surface and those collected from deeper water of either lake. It is concluded that the Lake Giles population was more tolerant than the Lake Lacawac population and that the period of greatest tolerance occurred several months after the time period with the highest ambient levels of solar UVR. Collectively, the experiments with both field and laboratory-cultured animals suggest that acclimation time plays a large role in WR tolerance.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Stutzman, P},\n doi = {10.1093/plankt/21.2.387},\n journal = {Journal of Plankton Research},\n number = {2}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Does UV play a role in changes in predation and zooplankton community structure in acidified lakes?.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Williamson, C., E.; Hargreaves, B., R.; Orr, P., S.; and Lovera, P., A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Limnology and Oceanography, 44(3 II): 774-783. 1999.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Does$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {Does UV play a role in changes in predation and zooplankton community structure in acidified lakes?},\n type = {article},\n year = {1999},\n keywords = {Acidification},\n pages = {774-783},\n volume = {44},\n id = {46aeed90-e7e8-30cd-b072-ce51f3e9230c},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:13.041Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:53:45.705Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Changes in both zooplankton community structure and zooplanktivorous predators often accompany the anthropogenic acidification of lakes. While changes in pH can account for many of the observed changes, combined observations from laboratory bioassay and field experiments as well as surveys suggest that these patterns cannot be explained by changes in pH alone. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) also declines with lake acidification. Because DOC is the primary factor regulating variation in the depth of penetration of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) in lakes, there is also likely to be an increase in UVR levels during acidification. This suggests that changes in UVR may play some role in changes in predator and prey communities during acidification. As a first step toward testing this hypothesis, we examined the UVR tolerance of larvae of two widespread and abundant zooplanktivorous predators. We performed a series of in situ incubation experiments with the sunfish Lepomis and the midge Chaoborus in a low DOC (high UVR) lake and in a moderate DOC (low UVR) lake. Substantial UVR-induced mortality of both predators was observed in the surface waters of the low DOC lake. The predators differed in their UVR tolerance levels: the sunfish survived for more than a day under high solar radiation conditions in the surface waters of a low DOC lake, while the midge perished in less than a day. These data and past literature are consistent with the hypothesis that UVR may play a role in changes in planktivorous predators and their prey during lake acidification and recovery.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Williamson, Craig E. and Hargreaves, Bruce R. and Orr, Pamela S. and Lovera, Patricia A.},\n doi = {10.4319/lo.1999.44.3_part_2.0774},\n journal = {Limnology and Oceanography},\n number = {3 II}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Influence of solar ultraviolet radiation on early life-history stages of the bluegill sunfish, Lepomis macrochirus.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Gutiérrez-Rodríguez, C.; and Williamson, C., E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Environmental Biology of Fishes, 55(3): 307-319. 1999.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Influence$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {Influence of solar ultraviolet radiation on early life-history stages of the bluegill sunfish, Lepomis macrochirus},\n type = {article},\n year = {1999},\n keywords = {DOC,Development times,Dissolved organic carbon,Embryo survival,Nest depth distribution,Temperature,Underwater UVR environments},\n pages = {307-319},\n volume = {55},\n id = {b007f9af-2482-3541-a2a9-e4491f3b37b2},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:13.495Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:54:02.552Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {We examined the effect of UVR on the success of early life history stages of Lepomis macrochirus in two lakes with contrasting underwater UVR environments. We tested the prediction that when exposed to similar amounts of UVR, bluegill embryos from lakes with high UVR environments have lower mortality than those from lakes with low UVR. We measured embryo survival in the two lakes by performing three experiments in which ambient UVR was manipulated. Embryos responded similarly to UVR exposure regardless of the lake of origin. However, UV-B in UVR transparent lakes is a potentially important factor in the success of early life history stages of the bluegill. A survey of the natural nesting depths in the two lakes revealed that the median depth at which bluegills construct their nests was greater in Lake Giles (high underwater UVR environment) than in Lake Lacawac (low underwater UVR environment).},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Gutiérrez-Rodríguez, Carla and Williamson, Craig E.},\n doi = {10.1023/A:1007550512032},\n journal = {Environmental Biology of Fishes},\n number = {3}\n}

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\n \n 1997\n \n \n (3)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Seasonal changes in the biochemistry of lake seston.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Kreeger, D., A.; Goulden, C., E.; Kilham, S., S.; Lynn, S., G.; Datta, S.; and Interlandi, S., J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Freshwater Biology, 38(3): 539-554. 1997.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Seasonal$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {Seasonal changes in the biochemistry of lake seston},\n type = {article},\n year = {1997},\n pages = {539-554},\n volume = {38},\n id = {634d885a-4546-30da-98de-19c3762cc39f},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:11.090Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:51:33.046Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {1. The quantity of seston was measured and the elemental carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus (C, N, P) and biochemical composition (carbohydrate, protein, lipid) of the < 53 μm size fraction in three temperate lakes during one year was analysed. The lakes differed in nutrient concentration and were characterized as oligotrophic, mesotrophic and eutrophic. Linear regression analyses defined associations between seston composition and either lake trophic status, depth or season. 2. The concentration of particulate organic seston was greatest during spring and autumn and lowest during the clear water period in early summer. Seasonal patterns in seston elemental and biochemical percentage composition (quality) were observed to be independent of differences in seston quantity. 3. Concentrations of seston C, N and P were high in most cases in the spring and autumn and low in summer. Concentrations of P were particularly high during late summer and early autumn in the metalimnion, perhaps because of recovery of P from anaerobic sediments and hypolimnetic waters. Because seston C and N did not increase as markedly as P, C : P and N : P ratios both declined in the autumn. Primary production was thought to be co-limited by N and P in all three of these lakes; however, the data suggested that N might be more important as a major limiting nutrient in the eutrophic lake as the metalimnion increased in depth in late summer and autumn. 4. Concentrations of protein, carbohydrate, polar lipid and triglyceride generally increased with lake type as expected (greatest in the eutrophic lake), but showed no relationship with water depth. As the year progressed, no significant changes were measured in protein and carbohydrate concentrations; however, the concentration of polar lipid decreased and triglyceride increased significantly with time of year. 5. The biochemical composition of seston varied during the year and among lakes; for example, in Lake Waynewood the proportion of protein composing the seston (percentage protein by weight) varied from < 10% to > 40%. No statistically significant patterns in the percentage protein or carbohydrate were found. However, the proportion of seston comprised of triglyceride decreased with lake type and increased during the year; whereas the proportion of seston as polar lipid increased with lake type and decreased during the year. Triglyceride comprised most of the lipid. Both protein : lipid and protein : carbohydrate ratios tended to be greatest in summer and lowest in the spring and autumn. 6. Relationships between samples and biochemical composition analysed by Canonical Correspondence Analysis (Canoco) indicated similar patterns in seasonal changes in seston biochemistry for the three lakes, with samples separated primarily by vectors for lake type (oligotrophic to eutrophic) and the percentage polar lipid (proportion of total lipid) and secondarily by vectors for date and water depth (epilimnion or metalimnion). 7. These seasonal biochemical changes in the seston food base were compared with biochemical changes known to occur in algae grown under N-or P-limited conditions in the laboratory, and the resultant quality of this algal food for suspension-feeding consumers (zooplankton). It was concluded that zooplankton were likely to be physiologically challenged by these distinct seasonal shifts in the quality of lake seston.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Kreeger, Daniel A. and Goulden, Clyde E. and Kilham, Susan S. and Lynn, Scott G. and Datta, Sanhita and Interlandi, Sebastian J.},\n doi = {10.1046/j.1365-2427.1997.00233.x},\n journal = {Freshwater Biology},\n number = {3}\n}

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\n\n\n

\n 1. The quantity of seston was measured and the elemental carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus (C, N, P) and biochemical composition (carbohydrate, protein, lipid) of the < 53 μm size fraction in three temperate lakes during one year was analysed. The lakes differed in nutrient concentration and were characterized as oligotrophic, mesotrophic and eutrophic. Linear regression analyses defined associations between seston composition and either lake trophic status, depth or season. 2. The concentration of particulate organic seston was greatest during spring and autumn and lowest during the clear water period in early summer. Seasonal patterns in seston elemental and biochemical percentage composition (quality) were observed to be independent of differences in seston quantity. 3. Concentrations of seston C, N and P were high in most cases in the spring and autumn and low in summer. Concentrations of P were particularly high during late summer and early autumn in the metalimnion, perhaps because of recovery of P from anaerobic sediments and hypolimnetic waters. Because seston C and N did not increase as markedly as P, C : P and N : P ratios both declined in the autumn. Primary production was thought to be co-limited by N and P in all three of these lakes; however, the data suggested that N might be more important as a major limiting nutrient in the eutrophic lake as the metalimnion increased in depth in late summer and autumn. 4. Concentrations of protein, carbohydrate, polar lipid and triglyceride generally increased with lake type as expected (greatest in the eutrophic lake), but showed no relationship with water depth. As the year progressed, no significant changes were measured in protein and carbohydrate concentrations; however, the concentration of polar lipid decreased and triglyceride increased significantly with time of year. 5. The biochemical composition of seston varied during the year and among lakes; for example, in Lake Waynewood the proportion of protein composing the seston (percentage protein by weight) varied from < 10% to > 40%. No statistically significant patterns in the percentage protein or carbohydrate were found. However, the proportion of seston comprised of triglyceride decreased with lake type and increased during the year; whereas the proportion of seston as polar lipid increased with lake type and decreased during the year. Triglyceride comprised most of the lipid. Both protein : lipid and protein : carbohydrate ratios tended to be greatest in summer and lowest in the spring and autumn. 6. Relationships between samples and biochemical composition analysed by Canonical Correspondence Analysis (Canoco) indicated similar patterns in seasonal changes in seston biochemistry for the three lakes, with samples separated primarily by vectors for lake type (oligotrophic to eutrophic) and the percentage polar lipid (proportion of total lipid) and secondarily by vectors for date and water depth (epilimnion or metalimnion). 7. These seasonal biochemical changes in the seston food base were compared with biochemical changes known to occur in algae grown under N-or P-limited conditions in the laboratory, and the resultant quality of this algal food for suspension-feeding consumers (zooplankton). It was concluded that zooplankton were likely to be physiologically challenged by these distinct seasonal shifts in the quality of lake seston.\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The role of photochemical degradation of dissolved organic carbon in regulating the UV transparency of three lakes on the Pocono Plateau.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Morris, D., P.; and Hargreaves, B., R.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Limnology and Oceanography, 42(2): 239-249. 1997.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {The role of photochemical degradation of dissolved organic carbon in regulating the UV transparency of three lakes on the Pocono Plateau},\n type = {article},\n year = {1997},\n pages = {239-249},\n volume = {42},\n id = {a50218e0-5f8e-379a-b367-93fb46aa5178},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:13.686Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:54:07.925Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The role of photochemical degradation of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) on UV transparency (280-400 nm) was investigated in three Pocono Plateau lakes. Diffuse attenuation coefficients (K(dUV) in the epilimnia of these lakes varied seasonally (39-81% decline from maximum K(d320nm)), with minimum K(dUV) values occurring near summer solstice. Declines in K(dUV) corresponded to reductions in UV absorbance by dissolved material (a(dUV)), caused by declines in both DOC concentration and UV absorptivity (a(d): [DOC]). The seasonal decline in K(dUV) was also accompanied by substantial increases in an absorption coefficient ratio (a(D250NM):a(d365nm)) and decreases in spectral slopes (S). Experimental studies of photochemical degradation were also performed using filtered lake water and natural sunlight. Exposure to solar radiation produced a number of changes in optical parameters and DOC that resembled those observed in the water column: a(dUV) (-35 to -52%), UV absorptivity (-31 to -48%), a(d250nm):a(d365nm) (0 to +39%), spectral slope, S (0 to -27%), and DOC concentration (0 to -20%). Changes in a(dUV) were correlated with absorbed UV dose. The derived rate constants were used in a model to estimate the contribution of photochemical degradation of DOC to water column declines in K(dUV). Results suggest that rates of photochemical degradation were sufficient to account for the summer reductions in K(dUV) observed in the three lakes.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Morris, Donald P. and Hargreaves, Bruce R.},\n doi = {10.4319/lo.1997.42.2.0239},\n journal = {Limnology and Oceanography},\n number = {2}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n A mineral magnetic and scaled-chrysophyte paleolimnological study of two northeastern Pennsylvania lakes: Records of fly ash deposition, land-use change, and paleorainfall variation.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Kodama, K., P.; Lyons, J., C.; Siver, P., A.; and Lott, A., M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Paleolimnology, 17(2): 173-189. 1997.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"A$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {A mineral magnetic and scaled-chrysophyte paleolimnological study of two northeastern Pennsylvania lakes: Records of fly ash deposition, land-use change, and paleorainfall variation},\n type = {article},\n year = {1997},\n keywords = {Pocono Mountains,atmospheric fly-ash deposition,land-use changes,mineral magnetism,paleorainfall variation,scaled chrysophytes},\n pages = {173-189},\n volume = {17},\n id = {ddfd2fc2-746e-3be1-a10d-4d9e97d8e4ff},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:14.746Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:55:23.742Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {A combined mineral magnetic and scaled chrysophyte study of lake sediments from Lake Lacawac and Lake Giles in northeastern Pennsylvania was conducted to determine the effects of land-use and sediment source changes on the variation of pH, conductivity, and alkalinity inferred from biotic changes. Ten 30-40 cm long gravity cores were collected from Lake Lacawac and three from Lake Giles. Isothermal remanent magnetizations (IRMs) were given to the lake sediments in a 1.3 T magnetic field to measure magnetic mineral concentration variations. IRM acquisition experiments were conducted to identify magnetic mineralogy. The bedrock, soils and a peat bog on the shores of Lake Lacawac were also sampled for magnetic analysis to determine possible lake sediment sources. The top 10 cm of sediment collected from Lakes Lacawac and Giles was two to four times more magnetic than deeper sediment. 210Pb dating suggests that this intensity increase commenced circa 1900. SEM images of magnetic extracts from the highly magnetic sediments indicates the presence of magnetic fly ash microspheres from fossil fuel burning electric power generation plants. The similarity in magnetic coercivity in the top 8 cm lake sediments and in the peat bog supports an atmospheric source for some of the magnetic minerals in the youngest lake sediments. The highly magnetic sediments also contain an antiferromagnetic mineral in two cores closest to Lake Lacawac's southeastern shore. This magnetic mineral is only present deep in the soil profile and would suggest erosion and significant land-use changes in the Lacawac watershed as another cause for the high magnetic intensities (concentrations) in the top 10 cm of the lake sediments. The most significant changes in the scaled chrysophyte flora occurred immediately above the 10 cm level and were used to infer a doubling of the specific conductivity between circa 1910 and 1929. These variations also support land-use changes in the Lacawac catchment at this time. A similar shift in the scaled chrysophte flora was not observed in the top of Lake Giles, however, distinct changes were found in the deeper sections of the core coupled with a smaller peak in magnetic concentration. Fourier analysis of the 210Pb-dated lake sediment magnetics indicates the presence of a 50 year period, low amplitude variation in the Lake Lacawac, Lake Giles, and Lake Waynewood (Lott et al., 1994) magnetic concentration records. After removal of the land-use/fly ash magnetic concentration peak by Gaussian filtering, the 50 year variation correlates strongly from lake to lake even though the lakes are in different watersheds separated by up to 30 km. When this magnetic variation is compared with Gaussian-filtered rainfall variations observed in New York City and Philadelphia over the past 120-250 years there is a strong correlation suggesting that magnetic concentration variations can record regional rainfall variations with an approximately 50 year period. This result indicates that magnetics could be used to document regional variations in climatic change.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Kodama, K. P. and Lyons, J. C. and Siver, Peter A. and Lott, Anne Marie},\n doi = {10.1023/A:1007900318583},\n journal = {Journal of Paleolimnology},\n number = {2}\n}

\n

\n\n\n

\n A combined mineral magnetic and scaled chrysophyte study of lake sediments from Lake Lacawac and Lake Giles in northeastern Pennsylvania was conducted to determine the effects of land-use and sediment source changes on the variation of pH, conductivity, and alkalinity inferred from biotic changes. Ten 30-40 cm long gravity cores were collected from Lake Lacawac and three from Lake Giles. Isothermal remanent magnetizations (IRMs) were given to the lake sediments in a 1.3 T magnetic field to measure magnetic mineral concentration variations. IRM acquisition experiments were conducted to identify magnetic mineralogy. The bedrock, soils and a peat bog on the shores of Lake Lacawac were also sampled for magnetic analysis to determine possible lake sediment sources. The top 10 cm of sediment collected from Lakes Lacawac and Giles was two to four times more magnetic than deeper sediment. 210Pb dating suggests that this intensity increase commenced circa 1900. SEM images of magnetic extracts from the highly magnetic sediments indicates the presence of magnetic fly ash microspheres from fossil fuel burning electric power generation plants. The similarity in magnetic coercivity in the top 8 cm lake sediments and in the peat bog supports an atmospheric source for some of the magnetic minerals in the youngest lake sediments. The highly magnetic sediments also contain an antiferromagnetic mineral in two cores closest to Lake Lacawac's southeastern shore. This magnetic mineral is only present deep in the soil profile and would suggest erosion and significant land-use changes in the Lacawac watershed as another cause for the high magnetic intensities (concentrations) in the top 10 cm of the lake sediments. The most significant changes in the scaled chrysophyte flora occurred immediately above the 10 cm level and were used to infer a doubling of the specific conductivity between circa 1910 and 1929. These variations also support land-use changes in the Lacawac catchment at this time. A similar shift in the scaled chrysophte flora was not observed in the top of Lake Giles, however, distinct changes were found in the deeper sections of the core coupled with a smaller peak in magnetic concentration. Fourier analysis of the 210Pb-dated lake sediment magnetics indicates the presence of a 50 year period, low amplitude variation in the Lake Lacawac, Lake Giles, and Lake Waynewood (Lott et al., 1994) magnetic concentration records. After removal of the land-use/fly ash magnetic concentration peak by Gaussian filtering, the 50 year variation correlates strongly from lake to lake even though the lakes are in different watersheds separated by up to 30 km. When this magnetic variation is compared with Gaussian-filtered rainfall variations observed in New York City and Philadelphia over the past 120-250 years there is a strong correlation suggesting that magnetic concentration variations can record regional rainfall variations with an approximately 50 year period. This result indicates that magnetics could be used to document regional variations in climatic change.\n

\n\n\n

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\n

\n \n 1996\n \n \n (1)\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Effects of UV radiation on freshwater ecosystems.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Williamson, C., E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Journal of Environmental Studies, 51: 245-256. 1996.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Effects$ Paper\n \n \n \n $\"Effects$ Website\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {Effects of UV radiation on freshwater ecosystems},\n type = {article},\n year = {1996},\n keywords = {DOC concentration,Freshwater ecosystems,UV radiation,ozone depletion},\n pages = {245-256},\n volume = {51},\n websites = {internal-pdf://155.27.15.139/williamson 1996.pdf},\n id = {246f354c-6369-398a-8cf9-aee8096582a0},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:10.985Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:51:19.522Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Williamson, Craig E.},\n journal = {International Journal of Environmental Studies}\n}

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\n

\n \n 1995\n \n \n (3)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Evaluation of a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) as a tool for studying the distribution and abundance of zooplankton.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Schulze, P., C.; Williamson, C., E.; and Hargreaves, B., R.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Plankton Research, 17: 1233-1243. 1995.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Evaluation$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {Evaluation of a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) as a tool for studying the distribution and abundance of zooplankton},\n type = {article},\n year = {1995},\n pages = {1233-1243},\n volume = {17},\n id = {600c0648-d648-38fc-bf3d-bd8468cd0721},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:11.760Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:51:41.777Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {false},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Schulze, Peter C. and Williamson, Craig E. and Hargreaves, Bruce R.},\n journal = {Journal of Plankton Research}\n}

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\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Food quality of gelatinous colonial chlorophytes to the freshwater zooplankters Daphnia pulicaria and Diaptomus oregonensis.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Stutzman, P.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Freshwater Biology, 34: 149-153. 1995.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Food$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {Food quality of gelatinous colonial chlorophytes to the freshwater zooplankters Daphnia pulicaria and Diaptomus oregonensis},\n type = {article},\n year = {1995},\n pages = {149-153},\n volume = {34},\n id = {adb0dacf-f0af-324f-8c9d-dfbdc8b4f7e3},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:12.072Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:52:02.249Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Stutzman, Paul},\n journal = {Freshwater Biology}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The attenuation of solar UV radiation in lakes and the role of dissolved organic carbon.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Morris, D., P.; Zagarese, H.; Williamson, C., E.; Balseiro, E., G.; Hargreaves, B., R.; Modenutti, B.; Moeller, R.; and Queimalinos, C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Limnology and Oceanography, 40(8): 1381-1391. 1995.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {The attenuation of solar UV radiation in lakes and the role of dissolved organic carbon},\n type = {article},\n year = {1995},\n pages = {1381-1391},\n volume = {40},\n id = {1dbb670a-2c60-3a80-a59c-e51ffb192f4c},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:12.124Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:52:26.668Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {This article is in Free Access Publication and may be downloaded using the “Download Full Text PDF” link at right. © 1995, by the Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography, Inc.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Morris, Donald P. and Zagarese, Horatio and Williamson, Craig E. and Balseiro, Esteban G. and Hargreaves, Bruce R. and Modenutti, Beatriz and Moeller, Robert and Queimalinos, Claudia},\n doi = {10.4319/lo.1995.40.8.1381},\n journal = {Limnology and Oceanography},\n number = {8}\n}

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\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n

\n \n 1994\n \n \n (1)\n \n \n

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\n \n \n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Contribution of ultraviolet radiation (UV-A, UV-B) to photoinhibition of epilimnetic phytoplankton in lakes of differing UV transparency.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Moeller, R., E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Archiv fur Hydrobiologie, 43: 157-170. 1994.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Contribution$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {Contribution of ultraviolet radiation (UV-A, UV-B) to photoinhibition of epilimnetic phytoplankton in lakes of differing UV transparency},\n type = {article},\n year = {1994},\n pages = {157-170},\n volume = {43},\n id = {5f8ac6d8-c829-333e-abff-02056f7e2f2e},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:14.646Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:55:09.290Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {false},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Moeller, Robert E.},\n journal = {Archiv fur Hydrobiologie}\n}

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\n \n 1992\n \n \n (2)\n \n \n

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\n \n \n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Mixotrophic algae in three ice-covered lakes of the Pocono Mountains, U.S.A.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Berninger, U., G.; Caron, D., A.; and Sanders, R., W.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Freshwater Biology, 28: 263-272. 1992.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Mixotrophic$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {Mixotrophic algae in three ice-covered lakes of the Pocono Mountains, U.S.A.},\n type = {article},\n year = {1992},\n keywords = {Algae,Mixotrophy,Plankton},\n pages = {263-272},\n volume = {28},\n id = {5fdf120b-fa76-3360-968b-220b776eb89e},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:10.390Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:50:43.155Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {true},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Berninger, Ulrike G. and Caron, David A. and Sanders, Robert W.},\n journal = {Freshwater Biology}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Linkage between epilithic algal growth and water column nutrients in softwater lakes.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Fairchild, G., W.; and Sherman, J., W.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 49: 1641-1649. 1992.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Linkage$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {Linkage between epilithic algal growth and water column nutrients in softwater lakes},\n type = {article},\n year = {1992},\n keywords = {Lake Lacawac,algae,epilithon,nutrients},\n pages = {1641-1649},\n volume = {49},\n id = {f9cf89ed-ba14-351d-88cf-003858cc9098},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:13.121Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:53:34.035Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Fairchild, G. Winfield and Sherman, John W.},\n journal = {Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences}\n}

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\n

\n \n 1990\n \n \n (1)\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Diel periodicity and selectivity in the feeding rate of the predatory copepod Mesocyclops edax.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Schoeneck, L., J.; Williamson, C., E.; and Stoeckel, M., E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Plankton Research, 12(1): 29-40. 1990.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Diel$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {Diel periodicity and selectivity in the feeding rate of the predatory copepod Mesocyclops edax},\n type = {article},\n year = {1990},\n pages = {29-40},\n volume = {12},\n id = {7ffbf468-d8f7-3d3b-9e8f-e983e9fdcd5f},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:14.484Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:54:54.967Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {false},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Schoeneck, L. Jane and Williamson, Craig E. and Stoeckel, Mark E.},\n journal = {Journal of Plankton Research},\n number = {1}\n}

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\n

\n \n 1989\n \n \n (1)\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Numerical response of Chydorids (Cladocera) and Chironomids (Diptera) to nutrient-enhanced periphyton growth.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Fairchild, G., W.; Campbell, J., M.; and Lowe, R., L.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Archiv fur Hydrobiologie, 114(3): 369-382. 1989.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Numerical$ Paper\n \n \n \n $\"Numerical$ Website\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {Numerical response of Chydorids (Cladocera) and Chironomids (Diptera) to nutrient-enhanced periphyton growth},\n type = {article},\n year = {1989},\n keywords = {Cladocera,Diptera,Lake Lacawac,nutrient enrichment,periphyton},\n pages = {369-382},\n volume = {114},\n websites = {papers://e039176b-8a3a-4ebd-9a1f-447a3ac5092e/Paper/p72},\n id = {94cdba74-272a-33c6-af26-35ee5e32ecd6},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:12.788Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:52:49.133Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Fairchild, G. Winfield and Campbell, John M. and Lowe, Rex L.},\n journal = {Archiv fur Hydrobiologie},\n number = {3}\n}

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\n\n\n\n\n\n

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\n \n 1988\n \n \n (3)\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Effects of nutrient (N, P, C) enrichment upon periphyton standing crop, species composition and primary production in an oligotrophic softwater lake.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Fairchild, G., W.; and Everett, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Freshwater Biology, 19: 57-70. 1988.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Effects$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {Effects of nutrient (N, P, C) enrichment upon periphyton standing crop, species composition and primary production in an oligotrophic softwater lake},\n type = {article},\n year = {1988},\n keywords = {Chlorophyta,Lake Lacawac,carbon,nitrogen,nutrient enrichment,periphyton,phosphorus},\n pages = {57-70},\n volume = {19},\n id = {bd1ce7c4-a501-3cdb-8e17-f2f154737ad0},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:10.507Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:51:02.318Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Fairchild, G. Winfield and Everett, Alan},\n journal = {Freshwater Biology}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Electrophoretic study of EasternNorth American Eurylophella (Ephemeroptera: Ephemerellidae) with the discovery of morphologically cryptic species.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Funk, D., H.; Sweeney, B., W.; and Vannote, R., L.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 81(2): 174-186. 1988.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Electrophoretic$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {Electrophoretic study of EasternNorth American Eurylophella (Ephemeroptera: Ephemerellidae) with the discovery of morphologically cryptic species},\n type = {article},\n year = {1988},\n keywords = {Insecta,biochemical genetics,heterozygosity,taxonomy},\n pages = {174-186},\n volume = {81},\n id = {d6572ce3-059d-3aac-91f3-61ba72f62dd4},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:14.196Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:54:24.437Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Funk, David H. and Sweeney, Bernard W. and Vannote, Robin L.},\n journal = {Annals of the Entomological Society of America},\n number = {2}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Predatory suspension-feeding in Diamtomus: prey defenses and the avoidance of cannibalism.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Williamson, C., E.; and Vanserploeg, H., A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Bulletin of marine science, 43(3): 561-572. 1988.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Predatory$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {Predatory suspension-feeding in Diamtomus: prey defenses and the avoidance of cannibalism},\n type = {article},\n year = {1988},\n pages = {561-572},\n volume = {43},\n id = {4786cca9-05fb-39d6-9956-f89afcf7aee7},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:14.635Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:55:15.106Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Williamson, Craig E. and Vanserploeg, Henry A.},\n journal = {Bulletin of marine science},\n number = {3}\n}

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\n

\n \n 1987\n \n \n (2)\n \n \n

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\n \n \n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Temperature, food, and mate limitation of copepod reproductive rates: separating the effects of multiple hypotheses.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Williamson, C., E.; and Butler, N., M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Plankton Research, 9(5): 821-836. 1987.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Temperature,$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {Temperature, food, and mate limitation of copepod reproductive rates: separating the effects of multiple hypotheses},\n type = {article},\n year = {1987},\n pages = {821-836},\n volume = {9},\n id = {027cdf6f-fb13-3334-8059-40796b505c67},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:12.446Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:52:44.337Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Williamson, Craig E. and Butler, Nancy M.},\n journal = {Journal of Plankton Research},\n number = {5}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Macrozoobenthos of three Pennsylvania lakes: responses to acidification.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Bradt, P., T.; and Dame, N.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Hydrobiologia, 150: 63-74. 1987.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Macrozoobenthos$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {Macrozoobenthos of three Pennsylvania lakes: responses to acidification},\n type = {article},\n year = {1987},\n keywords = {Acidification,Chironomidae,Mollusca,Tanypodinae,Tanytarsini,macrozoobenthos},\n pages = {63-74},\n volume = {150},\n id = {d362405c-2b0d-354b-a487-d50dc88f0498},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:13.658Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:54:00.835Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Bradt, P T and Dame, Notre},\n journal = {Hydrobiologia}\n}

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\n \n 1986\n \n \n (2)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Comparison of methods for estimating sulfate export from a forested watershed.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Dann, M., S.; Lynch, J., A.; and Corbett, E., S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Environmental Quality, 15(2): 140-145. 1986.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Comparison$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {Comparison of methods for estimating sulfate export from a forested watershed},\n type = {article},\n year = {1986},\n pages = {140-145},\n volume = {15},\n id = {639ab88d-f4db-37de-83a9-bae1ac73c955},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:10.500Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:50:40.732Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Dann, M. S. and Lynch, J. A. and Corbett, E. S.},\n journal = {Journal of Environmental Quality},\n number = {2}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Life history and body size evolution in Holopedium gibberum Zaddach (Crustacea, Cladocera).\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Tessier, A., J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Freshwater Biology, 16: 279-286. 1986.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Life$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {Life history and body size evolution in Holopedium gibberum Zaddach (Crustacea, Cladocera)},\n type = {article},\n year = {1986},\n pages = {279-286},\n volume = {16},\n id = {ad161844-446c-380e-914b-f18e184e9b83},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:10.503Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:50:36.824Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Tessier, Alan J},\n journal = {Freshwater Biology}\n}

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\n \n 1985\n \n \n (2)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Scaled chrysophycean algae from Pennsylvania I. Lake Lacawac.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Siver, P., A.; and Chock, J., S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Proceedings of the Pennsylvania Academy of Science, 59: 15-17. 1985.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Scaled$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {Scaled chrysophycean algae from Pennsylvania I. Lake Lacawac},\n type = {article},\n year = {1985},\n pages = {15-17},\n volume = {59},\n id = {d889459a-f514-3646-a606-835cac11d33b},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:12.537Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:52:40.352Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {false},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Siver, Peter A. and Chock, Jan S.},\n journal = {Proceedings of the Pennsylvania Academy of Science}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Comparison of five Pocono Mountain forest communities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Dudley, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Proceedings of the Pennsylvania Academy of Science, 59: 33-37. 1985.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Comparison$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {Comparison of five Pocono Mountain forest communities},\n type = {article},\n year = {1985},\n keywords = {community similarity,density,dominance,forest community composition},\n pages = {33-37},\n volume = {59},\n id = {bfdd83eb-d350-377c-a177-bcb039ed2db8},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:13.886Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:54:18.899Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Dudley, Judith},\n journal = {Proceedings of the Pennsylvania Academy of Science}\n}

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\n

\n \n 1983\n \n \n (3)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Coherence and horizontal movements of patches of Holopedium gibberum (Cladocera).\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Tessier, A., J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Oecologia, 60: 71-75. 1983.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Coherence$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {Coherence and horizontal movements of patches of Holopedium gibberum (Cladocera)},\n type = {article},\n year = {1983},\n keywords = {Cladocera,Lake Lacawac,grazing,phytoplankton},\n pages = {71-75},\n volume = {60},\n id = {444fc980-118a-3ee1-b08c-e5d89cd3f4b8},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:11.191Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:51:31.076Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Tessier, Alan J},\n journal = {Oecologia}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The fern genera Vittaria and Trichomanes in the Northeastern United States.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Farrar, D., R.; Parks, J., C.; and McAlpin, B., W.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n RHODORA, 85(841): 83-92. 1983.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {The fern genera Vittaria and Trichomanes in the Northeastern United States},\n type = {article},\n year = {1983},\n keywords = {Trichomanes,Vitaria,ferns},\n pages = {83-92},\n volume = {85},\n id = {93a9c2a1-8827-3ba3-8141-0e6ecedfef29},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:11.477Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:51:35.927Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Farrar, Donald R. and Parks, James C. and McAlpin, Bruce W.},\n journal = {RHODORA},\n number = {841}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Periphytic community analysis in a small oligotrophic lake.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Nerozzi, A.; and Siver, P.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Proceedings of the Pennsylvania Academy of Science, 57: 138-142. 1983.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Periphytic$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {Periphytic community analysis in a small oligotrophic lake},\n type = {article},\n year = {1983},\n pages = {138-142},\n volume = {57},\n id = {fec1f5e4-0f63-3423-ae1f-0741818c09f6},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:12.682Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:52:56.168Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {false},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Nerozzi, Andrea and Siver, Peter},\n journal = {Proceedings of the Pennsylvania Academy of Science}\n}

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\n \n 1980\n \n \n (1)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Anatomy of Daphnia Mandibles.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Edwards, C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 99(1): 2. 1980.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {The Anatomy of Daphnia Mandibles},\n type = {article},\n year = {1980},\n pages = {2},\n volume = {99},\n id = {53c8f401-f5d7-3b0a-b2fe-c57c0acfd013},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:14.966Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:55:21.845Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The rnorphology of Daphr~iarnalidihles. Trc1rl.s. Arner. J1icro.s. C. Soc., 99: 2-23. The rnorphology of lnandihles from 18 species of Daphrria was stud- ied using scanning electron microscopy. \\landihle structure is illustrated with photo- graphs and line drawings. Data assimilated from rnorphologic features were analyzed using canonical analysis. Results were interpreted in a discussion of Daphnia system- atics. The},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Edwards, Candace},\n doi = {10.2307/3226076},\n journal = {Transactions of the American Microscopical Society},\n number = {1}\n}

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\n \n 1979\n \n \n (1)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Checklist of the aquatic vascular plants of Lake Lacawac, Pennsylvania.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Schuyler, A., E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Bartonia, 46: 69-70. 1979.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Checklist$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{\n title = {Checklist of the aquatic vascular plants of Lake Lacawac, Pennsylvania},\n type = {article},\n year = {1979},\n pages = {69-70},\n volume = {46},\n id = {e6281714-06b1-366e-bda3-7356ca9da715},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:12.347Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:52:35.372Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {false},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Schuyler, Alfred E.},\n journal = {Bartonia}\n}

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\n \n 1978\n \n \n (1)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The immature stages of Djalmabatista pulcher (= Procladius (Calotanypus) pulcher (Joh.)).\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Roback, S., S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 130(1978): 11 -20. 1978.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {The immature stages of Djalmabatista pulcher (= Procladius (Calotanypus) pulcher (Joh.))},\n type = {article},\n year = {1978},\n keywords = {Calotanypus,Djalmabatista,Tanypodidae,inmaduros,production,taxonomic},\n pages = {11 -20},\n volume = {130},\n id = {6f61a3a9-9d2a-38d7-bf63-3c72ce8e1a84},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:10.509Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:50:38.975Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Roback, Selwyn S},\n journal = {Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia},\n number = {1978}\n}

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\n \n 1976\n \n \n (1)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The chemical composition of four regions on a summer day in Lake Lacawac, Pennsylvania.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Cowgill, U., M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Review of Hydrobiology, 61(5): 595-608. 1976.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {The chemical composition of four regions on a summer day in Lake Lacawac, Pennsylvania},\n type = {article},\n year = {1976},\n keywords = {Lake Lacawac,chemical composition},\n pages = {595-608},\n volume = {61},\n id = {510f5535-3535-3ff4-a859-49754cb90108},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:12.597Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:52:38.992Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Cowgill, U. M.},\n journal = {International Review of Hydrobiology},\n number = {5}\n}

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\n \n 1971\n \n \n (3)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n How microtubule patterns are generated: The relative importance of nucleation and bridging of microtubules in the formation of the axoneme of raphidiophrys.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Tilney, L., G.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Cell Biology, 51(3): 837-854. 1971.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"How$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {How microtubule patterns are generated: The relative importance of nucleation and bridging of microtubules in the formation of the axoneme of raphidiophrys},\n type = {article},\n year = {1971},\n pages = {837-854},\n volume = {51},\n id = {97ba02af-a462-3b3d-957c-b4e90fc89e7f},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:10.352Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:50:58.220Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The axonemes of Raphidiophrys converge near the center of the cell in an electron-opaque material, the centroplast. In order to establish whether this material acts not only to nucleate the microtubules which form the axonemes but also to give the axoneme its characteristic pattern, the microtubules were disassembled with low temperature and stages in their reformation were studied. It was shown that even though the microtubules appear to be nucleated from the centroplast, pattern formation first appeared at a distance from the centroplast. Thus, the axonemal pattern could not be attributed to any prepattern in the centroplast. Rather, the pattern appears to arise by specific interactions between tubules brought about by bridges. It was concluded that each tubule could bind to a maximum of four other tubules and that once one bridge attached to a tubule it specified the binding positions of the others, thus giving the characteristic axonemal pattern of Raphidiophrys. © 1971, Rockefeller University Press., All rights reserved.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Tilney, Lewis G.},\n doi = {10.1083/jcb.51.3.837},\n journal = {Journal of Cell Biology},\n number = {3}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Allocation of Alonella acutirostris (Birge) (Cladocera , Chydoridae) to the Genus Disparalona.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Fryer, G.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Crustaceana, 21(2): 221-222. 1971.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Allocation$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {Allocation of Alonella acutirostris (Birge) (Cladocera , Chydoridae) to the Genus Disparalona},\n type = {article},\n year = {1971},\n keywords = {Cladocera,Lake Lacawac},\n pages = {221-222},\n volume = {21},\n id = {3b806b69-be54-3ca3-a599-d241308e591f},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:11.109Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:51:15.679Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Fryer, Geofrey},\n journal = {Crustaceana},\n number = {2}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Distribution Control of the of the Chydorid Abundance.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Goulden, C., E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Limnology and Oceanography, 16(2): 320-331. 1971.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Distribution$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {Distribution Control of the of the Chydorid Abundance},\n type = {article},\n year = {1971},\n pages = {320-331},\n volume = {16},\n id = {a5164d0d-ce8b-383d-99a6-36505bfc89cd},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:12.122Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:52:30.575Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Goulden, Clyde E},\n journal = {Limnology and Oceanography},\n number = {2}\n}

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\n \n 1970\n \n \n (1)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n A General Method for the Monoxenic Cultivation of the Daphnidae.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n MURPHY, J., S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n The Biological Bulletin, 139(2): 321-332. 1970.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"A$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {A General Method for the Monoxenic Cultivation of the Daphnidae},\n type = {article},\n year = {1970},\n pages = {321-332},\n volume = {139},\n id = {43789efa-82ea-39ce-909c-8026bd35d716},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:13.992Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:54:14.956Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {MURPHY, JAMES S.},\n doi = {10.2307/1540087},\n journal = {The Biological Bulletin},\n number = {2}\n}

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\n \n 1969\n \n \n (2)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Temporal changes in diversity.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Goulden, C., E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n 1969.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Temporal$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@misc{\n title = {Temporal changes in diversity},\n type = {misc},\n year = {1969},\n keywords = {Cladocera,Lake Lacawac,diversity},\n pages = {96-102},\n id = {a5d5f06c-c7fb-354a-ac46-fb010bcb5dcd},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:11.932Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:52:08.494Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {misc},\n author = {Goulden, Clyde E.}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Interpretive studies of cladoceran microfossils in lake sediments.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Goulden, C., E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Mitt. Internat. Verein Limnol., 17: 43-55. 1969.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Interpretive$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {Interpretive studies of cladoceran microfossils in lake sediments},\n type = {article},\n year = {1969},\n keywords = {Cladocera,lakes,microfossils,sediments},\n pages = {43-55},\n volume = {17},\n id = {f6e5f084-1999-3e45-8a1e-2a1771cf15dc},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:14.953Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:55:36.106Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Goulden, Clyde E.},\n journal = {Mitt. Internat. Verein Limnol.}\n}

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\n \n undefined\n \n \n (1)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Phytoplankton dynamics in a chrysophycean lake.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Siver, P., A.; and Chock, J., S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n . .\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Phytoplankton$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{\n title = {Phytoplankton dynamics in a chrysophycean lake},\n type = {article},\n id = {ca5ea5da-d048-334e-9928-c8ecda62a68c},\n created = {2022-05-06T15:50:11.758Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {2d7f8462-98a6-317d-9069-2d0985dffe6f},\n group_id = {90421708-bdda-3d62-8395-b558e0936a34},\n last_modified = {2022-05-06T15:52:01.032Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Siver, Peter A. and Chock, Jan S.}\n}

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