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\n \n 2021\n \n \n (1)\n \n \n

\n \n \n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Temperature thresholds of ecosystem respiration at a global scale.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Johnston, A., S., A.; Meade, A.; Ardö, J.; Arriga, N.; Black, A.; Blanken, P., D.; Bonal, D.; Brümmer, C.; Cescatti, A.; Dušek, J.; Graf, A.; Gioli, B.; Goded, I.; Gough, C., M.; Ikawa, H.; Jassal, R.; Kobayashi, H.; Magliulo, V.; Manca, G.; Montagnani, L.; Moyano, F., E.; Olesen, J., E.; Sachs, T.; Shao, C.; Tagesson, T.; Wohlfahrt, G.; Wolf, S.; Woodgate, W.; Varlagin, A.; and Venditti, C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Nature Ecology & Evolution. 2 2021.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Temperature$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Temperature thresholds of ecosystem respiration at a global scale},\n type = {article},\n year = {2021},\n websites = {http://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-021-01398-z},\n month = {2},\n day = {22},\n id = {8c60adc7-afb6-3dfe-a2cb-4f64a3cde74a},\n created = {2021-02-24T15:43:32.898Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2021-03-02T15:39:02.325Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Johnston2021},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Johnston, Alice S. A. and Meade, Andrew and Ardö, Jonas and Arriga, Nicola and Black, Andy and Blanken, Peter D. and Bonal, Damien and Brümmer, Christian and Cescatti, Alessandro and Dušek, Jiří and Graf, Alexander and Gioli, Beniamino and Goded, Ignacio and Gough, Christopher M. and Ikawa, Hiroki and Jassal, Rachhpal and Kobayashi, Hideki and Magliulo, Vincenzo and Manca, Giovanni and Montagnani, Leonardo and Moyano, Fernando E. and Olesen, Jørgen E. and Sachs, Torsten and Shao, Changliang and Tagesson, Torbern and Wohlfahrt, Georg and Wolf, Sebastian and Woodgate, William and Varlagin, Andrej and Venditti, Chris},\n doi = {10.1038/s41559-021-01398-z},\n journal = {Nature Ecology & Evolution},\n keywords = {FR_FON,FR_GRI,FR_LBR,FR_PUE,GF_GUY}\n}

\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n\n

\n \n 2020\n \n \n (17)\n \n \n

\n \n \n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Plant profit maximization improves predictions of European forest responses to drought.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Sabot, M., E., B.; De Kauwe, M., G.; Pitman, A., J.; Medlyn, B., E.; Verhoef, A.; Ukkola, A., M.; and Abramowitz, G.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n New Phytologist,nph.16376. 1 2020.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Plant$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Plant profit maximization improves predictions of European forest responses to drought},\n type = {article},\n year = {2020},\n pages = {nph.16376},\n websites = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/nph.16376},\n month = {1},\n day = {27},\n id = {0e2dc69c-8115-3f6f-9816-5fc1cc6a8479},\n created = {2020-01-27T14:46:02.729Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:48.950Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Sabot2020},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Sabot, Manon E B and De Kauwe, Martin G. and Pitman, Andy J and Medlyn, Belinda E and Verhoef, Anne and Ukkola, Anna M and Abramowitz, Gab},\n doi = {10.1111/nph.16376},\n journal = {New Phytologist},\n keywords = {FR_HES,FR_PUE}\n}

\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n The FLUXNET2015 dataset and the ONEFlux processing pipeline for eddy covariance data.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Pastorello, G.; Trotta, C.; Canfora, E.; Chu, H.; Christianson, D.; Cheah, Y., W.; Poindexter, C.; Chen, J.; Elbashandy, A.; Humphrey, M.; Isaac, P.; Polidori, D.; Ribeca, A.; van Ingen, C.; Zhang, L.; Amiro, B.; Ammann, C.; Arain, M., A.; Ardö, J.; Arkebauer, T.; Arndt, S., K.; Arriga, N.; Aubinet, M.; Aurela, M.; Baldocchi, D.; Barr, A.; Beamesderfer, E.; Marchesini, L., B.; Bergeron, O.; Beringer, J.; Bernhofer, C.; Berveiller, D.; Billesbach, D.; Black, T., A.; Blanken, P., D.; Bohrer, G.; Boike, J.; Bolstad, P., V.; Bonal, D.; Bonnefond, J., M.; Bowling, D., R.; Bracho, R.; Brodeur, J.; Brümmer, C.; Buchmann, N.; Burban, B.; Burns, S., P.; Buysse, P.; Cale, P.; Cavagna, M.; Cellier, P.; Chen, S.; Chini, I.; Christensen, T., R.; Cleverly, J.; Collalti, A.; Consalvo, C.; Cook, B., D.; Cook, D.; Coursolle, C.; Cremonese, E.; Curtis, P., S.; D'Andrea, E.; da Rocha, H.; Dai, X.; Davis, K., J.; De Cinti, B.; de Grandcourt, A.; De Ligne, A.; De Oliveira, R., C.; Delpierre, N.; Desai, A., R.; Di Bella, C., M.; di Tommasi, P.; Dolman, H.; Domingo, F.; Dong, G.; Dore, S.; Duce, P.; Dufrêne, E.; Dunn, A.; Dušek, J.; Eamus, D.; Eichelmann, U.; ElKhidir, H., A., M.; Eugster, W.; Ewenz, C., M.; Ewers, B.; Famulari, D.; Fares, S.; Feigenwinter, I.; Feitz, A.; Fensholt, R.; Filippa, G.; Fischer, M.; Frank, J.; Galvagno, M.; Gharun, M.; Gianelle, D.; Gielen, B.; Gioli, B.; Gitelson, A.; Goded, I.; Goeckede, M.; Goldstein, A., H.; Gough, C., M.; Goulden, M., L.; Graf, A.; Griebel, A.; Gruening, C.; Grünwald, T.; Hammerle, A.; Han, S.; Han, X.; Hansen, B., U.; Hanson, C.; Hatakka, J.; He, Y.; Hehn, M.; Heinesch, B.; Hinko-Najera, N.; Hörtnagl, L.; Hutley, L.; Ibrom, A.; Ikawa, H.; Jackowicz-Korczynski, M.; Janouš, D.; Jans, W.; Jassal, R.; Jiang, S.; Kato, T.; Khomik, M.; Klatt, J.; Knohl, A.; Knox, S.; Kobayashi, H.; Koerber, G.; Kolle, O.; Kosugi, Y.; Kotani, A.; Kowalski, A.; Kruijt, B.; Kurbatova, J.; Kutsch, W., L.; Kwon, H.; Launiainen, S.; Laurila, T.; Law, B.; Leuning, R.; Li, Y.; Liddell, M.; Limousin, J., M.; Lion, M.; Liska, A., J.; Lohila, A.; López-Ballesteros, A.; López-Blanco, E.; Loubet, B.; Loustau, D.; Lucas-Moffat, A.; Lüers, J.; Ma, S.; Macfarlane, C.; Magliulo, V.; Maier, R.; Mammarella, I.; Manca, G.; Marcolla, B.; Margolis, H., A.; Marras, S.; Massman, W.; Mastepanov, M.; Matamala, R.; Matthes, J., H.; Mazzenga, F.; McCaughey, H.; McHugh, I.; McMillan, A., M.; Merbold, L.; Meyer, W.; Meyers, T.; Miller, S., D.; Minerbi, S.; Moderow, U.; Monson, R., K.; Montagnani, L.; Moore, C., E.; Moors, E.; Moreaux, V.; Moureaux, C.; Munger, J., W.; Nakai, T.; Neirynck, J.; Nesic, Z.; Nicolini, G.; Noormets, A.; Northwood, M.; Nosetto, M.; Nouvellon, Y.; Novick, K.; Oechel, W.; Olesen, J., E.; Ourcival, J., M.; Papuga, S., A.; Parmentier, F., J.; Paul-Limoges, E.; Pavelka, M.; Peichl, M.; Pendall, E.; Phillips, R., P.; Pilegaard, K.; Pirk, N.; Posse, G.; Powell, T.; Prasse, H.; Prober, S., M.; Rambal, S.; Rannik, Ü.; Raz-Yaseef, N.; Reed, D.; de Dios, V., R.; Restrepo-Coupe, N.; Reverter, B., R.; Roland, M.; Sabbatini, S.; Sachs, T.; Saleska, S., R.; Sánchez-Cañete, E., P.; Sanchez-Mejia, Z., M.; Schmid, H., P.; Schmidt, M.; Schneider, K.; Schrader, F.; Schroder, I.; Scott, R., L.; Sedlák, P.; Serrano-Ortíz, P.; Shao, C.; Shi, P.; Shironya, I.; Siebicke, L.; Šigut, L.; Silberstein, R.; Sirca, C.; Spano, D.; Steinbrecher, R.; Stevens, R., M.; Sturtevant, C.; Suyker, A.; Tagesson, T.; Takanashi, S.; Tang, Y.; Tapper, N.; Thom, J.; Tiedemann, F.; Tomassucci, M.; Tuovinen, J., P.; Urbanski, S.; Valentini, R.; van der Molen, M.; van Gorsel, E.; van Huissteden, K.; Varlagin, A.; Verfaillie, J.; Vesala, T.; Vincke, C.; Vitale, D.; Vygodskaya, N.; Walker, J., P.; Walter-Shea, E.; Wang, H.; Weber, R.; Westermann, S.; Wille, C.; Wofsy, S.; Wohlfahrt, G.; Wolf, S.; Woodgate, W.; Li, Y.; Zampedri, R.; Zhang, J.; Zhou, G.; Zona, D.; Agarwal, D.; Biraud, S.; Torn, M.; and Papale, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Scientific data, 7(1): 225. 2020.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {The FLUXNET2015 dataset and the ONEFlux processing pipeline for eddy covariance data},\n type = {article},\n year = {2020},\n pages = {225},\n volume = {7},\n id = {4755e128-23a6-35a7-9355-4b6a486e7a88},\n created = {2020-08-27T09:43:12.416Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:49.618Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Pastorello2020},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The FLUXNET2015 dataset provides ecosystem-scale data on CO2, water, and energy exchange between the biosphere and the atmosphere, and other meteorological and biological measurements, from 212 sites around the globe (over 1500 site-years, up to and including year 2014). These sites, independently managed and operated, voluntarily contributed their data to create global datasets. Data were quality controlled and processed using uniform methods, to improve consistency and intercomparability across sites. The dataset is already being used in a number of applications, including ecophysiology studies, remote sensing studies, and development of ecosystem and Earth system models. FLUXNET2015 includes derived-data products, such as gap-filled time series, ecosystem respiration and photosynthetic uptake estimates, estimation of uncertainties, and metadata about the measurements, presented for the first time in this paper. In addition, 206 of these sites are for the first time distributed under a Creative Commons (CC-BY 4.0) license. This paper details this enhanced dataset and the processing methods, now made available as open-source codes, making the dataset more accessible, transparent, and reproducible.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Pastorello, Gilberto and Trotta, Carlo and Canfora, Eleonora and Chu, Housen and Christianson, Danielle and Cheah, You Wei and Poindexter, Cristina and Chen, Jiquan and Elbashandy, Abdelrahman and Humphrey, Marty and Isaac, Peter and Polidori, Diego and Ribeca, Alessio and van Ingen, Catharine and Zhang, Leiming and Amiro, Brian and Ammann, Christof and Arain, M. Altaf and Ardö, Jonas and Arkebauer, Timothy and Arndt, Stefan K. and Arriga, Nicola and Aubinet, Marc and Aurela, Mika and Baldocchi, Dennis and Barr, Alan and Beamesderfer, Eric and Marchesini, Luca Belelli and Bergeron, Onil and Beringer, Jason and Bernhofer, Christian and Berveiller, Daniel and Billesbach, Dave and Black, Thomas Andrew and Blanken, Peter D. and Bohrer, Gil and Boike, Julia and Bolstad, Paul V. and Bonal, Damien and Bonnefond, Jean Marc and Bowling, David R. and Bracho, Rosvel and Brodeur, Jason and Brümmer, Christian and Buchmann, Nina and Burban, Benoit and Burns, Sean P. and Buysse, Pauline and Cale, Peter and Cavagna, Mauro and Cellier, Pierre and Chen, Shiping and Chini, Isaac and Christensen, Torben R. and Cleverly, James and Collalti, Alessio and Consalvo, Claudia and Cook, Bruce D. and Cook, David and Coursolle, Carole and Cremonese, Edoardo and Curtis, Peter S. and D'Andrea, Ettore and da Rocha, Humberto and Dai, Xiaoqin and Davis, Kenneth J. and De Cinti, Bruno and de Grandcourt, Agnes and De Ligne, Anne and De Oliveira, Raimundo C. and Delpierre, Nicolas and Desai, Ankur R. and Di Bella, Carlos Marcelo and di Tommasi, Paul and Dolman, Han and Domingo, Francisco and Dong, Gang and Dore, Sabina and Duce, Pierpaolo and Dufrêne, Eric and Dunn, Allison and Dušek, Jiří and Eamus, Derek and Eichelmann, Uwe and ElKhidir, Hatim Abdalla M. and Eugster, Werner and Ewenz, Cacilia M. and Ewers, Brent and Famulari, Daniela and Fares, Silvano and Feigenwinter, Iris and Feitz, Andrew and Fensholt, Rasmus and Filippa, Gianluca and Fischer, Marc and Frank, John and Galvagno, Marta and Gharun, Mana and Gianelle, Damiano and Gielen, Bert and Gioli, Beniamino and Gitelson, Anatoly and Goded, Ignacio and Goeckede, Mathias and Goldstein, Allen H. and Gough, Christopher M. and Goulden, Michael L. and Graf, Alexander and Griebel, Anne and Gruening, Carsten and Grünwald, Thomas and Hammerle, Albin and Han, Shijie and Han, Xingguo and Hansen, Birger Ulf and Hanson, Chad and Hatakka, Juha and He, Yongtao and Hehn, Markus and Heinesch, Bernard and Hinko-Najera, Nina and Hörtnagl, Lukas and Hutley, Lindsay and Ibrom, Andreas and Ikawa, Hiroki and Jackowicz-Korczynski, Marcin and Janouš, Dalibor and Jans, Wilma and Jassal, Rachhpal and Jiang, Shicheng and Kato, Tomomichi and Khomik, Myroslava and Klatt, Janina and Knohl, Alexander and Knox, Sara and Kobayashi, Hideki and Koerber, Georgia and Kolle, Olaf and Kosugi, Yoshiko and Kotani, Ayumi and Kowalski, Andrew and Kruijt, Bart and Kurbatova, Julia and Kutsch, Werner L. and Kwon, Hyojung and Launiainen, Samuli and Laurila, Tuomas and Law, Bev and Leuning, Ray and Li, Yingnian and Liddell, Michael and Limousin, Jean Marc and Lion, Marryanna and Liska, Adam J. and Lohila, Annalea and López-Ballesteros, Ana and López-Blanco, Efrén and Loubet, Benjamin and Loustau, Denis and Lucas-Moffat, Antje and Lüers, Johannes and Ma, Siyan and Macfarlane, Craig and Magliulo, Vincenzo and Maier, Regine and Mammarella, Ivan and Manca, Giovanni and Marcolla, Barbara and Margolis, Hank A. and Marras, Serena and Massman, William and Mastepanov, Mikhail and Matamala, Roser and Matthes, Jaclyn Hatala and Mazzenga, Francesco and McCaughey, Harry and McHugh, Ian and McMillan, Andrew M.S. and Merbold, Lutz and Meyer, Wayne and Meyers, Tilden and Miller, Scott D. and Minerbi, Stefano and Moderow, Uta and Monson, Russell K. and Montagnani, Leonardo and Moore, Caitlin E. and Moors, Eddy and Moreaux, Virginie and Moureaux, Christine and Munger, J. William and Nakai, Taro and Neirynck, Johan and Nesic, Zoran and Nicolini, Giacomo and Noormets, Asko and Northwood, Matthew and Nosetto, Marcelo and Nouvellon, Yann and Novick, Kimberly and Oechel, Walter and Olesen, Jørgen Eivind and Ourcival, Jean Marc and Papuga, Shirley A. and Parmentier, Frans Jan and Paul-Limoges, Eugenie and Pavelka, Marian and Peichl, Matthias and Pendall, Elise and Phillips, Richard P. and Pilegaard, Kim and Pirk, Norbert and Posse, Gabriela and Powell, Thomas and Prasse, Heiko and Prober, Suzanne M. and Rambal, Serge and Rannik, Üllar and Raz-Yaseef, Naama and Reed, David and de Dios, Victor Resco and Restrepo-Coupe, Natalia and Reverter, Borja R. and Roland, Marilyn and Sabbatini, Simone and Sachs, Torsten and Saleska, Scott R. and Sánchez-Cañete, Enrique P. and Sanchez-Mejia, Zulia M. and Schmid, Hans Peter and Schmidt, Marius and Schneider, Karl and Schrader, Frederik and Schroder, Ivan and Scott, Russell L. and Sedlák, Pavel and Serrano-Ortíz, Penélope and Shao, Changliang and Shi, Peili and Shironya, Ivan and Siebicke, Lukas and Šigut, Ladislav and Silberstein, Richard and Sirca, Costantino and Spano, Donatella and Steinbrecher, Rainer and Stevens, Robert M. and Sturtevant, Cove and Suyker, Andy and Tagesson, Torbern and Takanashi, Satoru and Tang, Yanhong and Tapper, Nigel and Thom, Jonathan and Tiedemann, Frank and Tomassucci, Michele and Tuovinen, Juha Pekka and Urbanski, Shawn and Valentini, Riccardo and van der Molen, Michiel and van Gorsel, Eva and van Huissteden, Ko and Varlagin, Andrej and Verfaillie, Joseph and Vesala, Timo and Vincke, Caroline and Vitale, Domenico and Vygodskaya, Natalia and Walker, Jeffrey P. and Walter-Shea, Elizabeth and Wang, Huimin and Weber, Robin and Westermann, Sebastian and Wille, Christian and Wofsy, Steven and Wohlfahrt, Georg and Wolf, Sebastian and Woodgate, William and Li, Yuelin and Zampedri, Roberto and Zhang, Junhui and Zhou, Guoyi and Zona, Donatella and Agarwal, Deb and Biraud, Sebastien and Torn, Margaret and Papale, Dario},\n doi = {10.1038/s41597-020-0534-3},\n journal = {Scientific data},\n number = {1},\n keywords = {FR_FON,FR_GRI,FR_LBR}\n}

\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Terrestrial water loss at night: Global relevance from observations and climate models.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Padrón, R., S.; Gudmundsson, L.; Michel, D.; and Seneviratne, S., I.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 24(2): 793-807. 2020.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Terrestrial water loss at night: Global relevance from observations and climate models},\n type = {article},\n year = {2020},\n pages = {793-807},\n volume = {24},\n id = {6c9a5635-b923-30ed-a18a-7c4009d3573a},\n created = {2020-08-27T15:44:53.731Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:49.216Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Padron2020},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Nocturnal water loss (NWL) from the surface into the atmosphere is often overlooked because of the absence of solar radiation to drive evapotranspiration and the measuring difficulties involved. However, growing evidence suggests that NWL-and particularly nocturnal transpiration-represents a considerable fraction of the daily values. Here we provide a global overview of the characteristics of NWL based on latent heat flux estimates from the FLUXNET2015 dataset, as well as from simulations of global climate models. Eddy-covariance measurements at 99 sites indicate that NWL represents 6.3% of total evapotranspiration on average. There are six sites where NWL is higher than 15%; these sites comprise mountain forests with considerable NWL during winter that is related to snowy and windy conditions. Higher temperature, vapor pressure deficit, wind speed, soil moisture, and downward longwave radiation are related to higher NWL, although this is not consistent across all of the sites. On the other hand, the global multi-model mean of terrestrial NWL is 7.9% of the total evapotranspiration. The spread of the model ensemble, however, is greater than 15.8% over half of the land grid cells. Finally, NWL is projected to increase everywhere with an average of 1.8%, although with a substantial inter-model spread. Changes in NWL contribute substantially to projected changes in total evapotranspiration. Overall, this study highlights the relevance of water loss during the night and opens avenues to explore its influence on the water cycle and the climate system under present and future conditions.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Padrón, Ryan S. and Gudmundsson, Lukas and Michel, Dominik and Seneviratne, Sonia I.},\n doi = {10.5194/hess-24-793-2020},\n journal = {Hydrology and Earth System Sciences},\n number = {2},\n keywords = {FR_GRI,FR_LBR,FR_PUE}\n}

\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The potential of remote sensing-based models on global water-use efficiency estimation: An evaluation and intercomparison of an ecosystem model (BESS) and algorithm (MODIS) using site level and upscaled eddy covariance data.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Yang, S.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, S.; Wang, J.; Bai, Y.; Yao, F.; and Guo, H.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 287(July 2019): 107959. 2020.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {The potential of remote sensing-based models on global water-use efficiency estimation: An evaluation and intercomparison of an ecosystem model (BESS) and algorithm (MODIS) using site level and upscaled eddy covariance data},\n type = {article},\n year = {2020},\n keywords = {FR_GRI,FR_LBR,FR_PUE},\n pages = {107959},\n volume = {287},\n websites = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2020.107959},\n publisher = {Elsevier},\n id = {acecce5f-7cf7-3dee-b22c-ead4e2b1659f},\n created = {2020-08-27T15:47:12.225Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:49.247Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Yang2020},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Ecosystem water-use efficiency (WUE) is a critical indicator to investigate the interaction between the terrestrial ecosystem carbon and water cycles. WUE, estimated from gross primary productivity (GPP) and evapotranspiration (ET) based on remote sensing (RS)-based ecosystem models and algorithms (e.g., MODIS (MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer), BESS (Breathing Earth System Simulator)), have been used to quantify the spatiotemporal dynamics of WUE and its responses to environmental changes. However, few studies have assessed the ability of RS-based ecosystem models and algorithms on global WUE estimation. In this study, we evaluated 8-day and annual WUE from MODIS and BESS among different sites, land cover types and climate zones using the FLUXNET2015 dataset as reference, and conducted spatial intercomparisons of annual WUE between MODIS, BESS and an upscaled FLUXNET dataset (MTE). The site level evaluation results showed that BESS WUE had better performance than MODIS WUE at both 8-day and annual scales. Among different land cover types and climate zones, MODIS and BESS WUE performed unsatisfactorily, especially for MODIS WUE in open shrublands and savannas and for BESS WUE in closed shrublands. Additionally, both MODIS and BESS WUE performed poorly in the hot semi-arid climate zone. The spatial intercomparisons over 2001-2011 revealed that BESS WUE had similar spatial patterns of annual WUE and linear trends with MTE WUE over the globe, except at the high latitudes. However, the spatiotemporal patterns of MODIS WUE were different from those of MTE and BESS WUE, particularly in the (sub) tropical arid and semi-arid regions. Our evaluations results suggested that coupling carbon and water cycles into RS-based models could improve their performance on global WUE estimation. Moreover, the performance of MODIS and BESS on global WUE estimation should be further improved, especially for their performance on temporal variation and their performance at the (semi) arid areas and the high latitudes.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Yang, Shanshan and Zhang, Jiahua and Zhang, Sha and Wang, Jingwen and Bai, Yun and Yao, Fengmei and Guo, Huadong},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agrformet.2020.107959},\n journal = {Agricultural and Forest Meteorology},\n number = {July 2019}\n}

\n\n\n

\n Ecosystem water-use efficiency (WUE) is a critical indicator to investigate the interaction between the terrestrial ecosystem carbon and water cycles. WUE, estimated from gross primary productivity (GPP) and evapotranspiration (ET) based on remote sensing (RS)-based ecosystem models and algorithms (e.g., MODIS (MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer), BESS (Breathing Earth System Simulator)), have been used to quantify the spatiotemporal dynamics of WUE and its responses to environmental changes. However, few studies have assessed the ability of RS-based ecosystem models and algorithms on global WUE estimation. In this study, we evaluated 8-day and annual WUE from MODIS and BESS among different sites, land cover types and climate zones using the FLUXNET2015 dataset as reference, and conducted spatial intercomparisons of annual WUE between MODIS, BESS and an upscaled FLUXNET dataset (MTE). The site level evaluation results showed that BESS WUE had better performance than MODIS WUE at both 8-day and annual scales. Among different land cover types and climate zones, MODIS and BESS WUE performed unsatisfactorily, especially for MODIS WUE in open shrublands and savannas and for BESS WUE in closed shrublands. Additionally, both MODIS and BESS WUE performed poorly in the hot semi-arid climate zone. The spatial intercomparisons over 2001-2011 revealed that BESS WUE had similar spatial patterns of annual WUE and linear trends with MTE WUE over the globe, except at the high latitudes. However, the spatiotemporal patterns of MODIS WUE were different from those of MTE and BESS WUE, particularly in the (sub) tropical arid and semi-arid regions. Our evaluations results suggested that coupling carbon and water cycles into RS-based models could improve their performance on global WUE estimation. Moreover, the performance of MODIS and BESS on global WUE estimation should be further improved, especially for their performance on temporal variation and their performance at the (semi) arid areas and the high latitudes.\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Examining the link between vegetation leaf area and land-atmosphere exchange of water, energy, and carbon fluxes using FLUXNET data.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Hoek van Dijke, A.; Mallick, K.; Schlerf, M.; Machwitz, M.; Herold, M.; and Teuling, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeosciences Discussions,1-22. 2020.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Examining the link between vegetation leaf area and land-atmosphere exchange of water, energy, and carbon fluxes using FLUXNET data},\n type = {article},\n year = {2020},\n keywords = {FR_FON,FR_LBr,FR_PUE,GF_GUY},\n pages = {1-22},\n id = {f63eb0e5-1dc7-3e53-a354-231494615645},\n created = {2020-09-10T11:52:55.087Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-12-16T09:57:58.279Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {HoekvanDijke2020},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Vegetation regulates the exchange of water, energy, and carbon fluxes between the land and the atmosphere. This regulation of surface fluxes differs with vegetation type and climate, but the effect of vegetation on surface fluxes is not well understood. A better knowledge of how and when vegetation influences surface fluxes could improve climate models and the extrapolation 15 of ground-based water, energy, and carbon fluxes. We aim to study the large-scale link between vegetation and surface fluxes by combining MODIS leaf area index with flux tower measurements of water (latent heat), energy (sensible heat), and carbon (gross primary productivity and net ecosystem exchange). We show that the correlation between leaf area index and water and energy fluxes depends on vegetation and aridity. In water-limited conditions, the link between vegetation and water and energy fluxes is strong, which is in line with a strong stomatal or vegetation control found in earlier studies. In energy-limited forest 20 we found no vegetation control on water and energy fluxes. In contrast to water and energy fluxes, we found a strong correlation between leaf area index and gross primary productivity that was independent of vegetation type and aridity index. This study provides insight in the large-scale link between vegetation and surface fluxes. The study indicates that for modelling or extrapolating large-scale surface fluxes, LAI can be useful in savanna and grassland, but only of limited use in deciduous broadleaf forest and evergreen needleleaf forest. 25},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Hoek van Dijke, Anne and Mallick, Kaniska and Schlerf, Martin and Machwitz, Miriam and Herold, Martin and Teuling, Adriaan},\n doi = {10.5194/bg-2020-50},\n journal = {Biogeosciences Discussions}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Sensitivity of gross primary productivity to climatic drivers during the summer drought of 2018 in Europe.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Fu, Z.; Ciais, P.; Bastos, A.; Stoy, P., C.; Yang, H.; Green, J., K.; Wang, B.; Yu, K.; Huang, Y.; Knohl, A.; Šigut, L.; Gharun, M.; Cuntz, M.; Arriga, N.; Roland, M.; Peichl, M.; Migliavacca, M.; Cremonese, E.; Varlagin, A.; Brümmer, C.; Gourlez de la Motte, L.; Fares, S.; Buchmann, N.; El-Madany, T., S.; Pitacco, A.; Vendrame, N.; Li, Z.; Vincke, C.; Magliulo, E.; and Koebsch, F.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 375(1810): 20190747. 10 2020.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Sensitivity$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Sensitivity of gross primary productivity to climatic drivers during the summer drought of 2018 in Europe},\n type = {article},\n year = {2020},\n keywords = {FR_BIL,FR_HES},\n pages = {20190747},\n volume = {375},\n websites = {https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rstb.2019.0747},\n month = {10},\n day = {26},\n id = {e417a43e-83ce-33a0-b345-6c32ceb54100},\n created = {2020-09-16T10:06:20.558Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-12-16T09:57:58.325Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Fu2020},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {In summer 2018, Europe experienced a record drought, but it remains unknown how the drought affected ecosystem carbon dynamics. Using observations from 34 eddy covariance sites in different biomes across Europe, we studied the sensitivity of gross primary productivity (GPP) to environmental drivers during the summer drought of 2018 versus the reference summer of 2016. We found a greater drought-induced decline of summer GPP in grasslands (−38%) than in forests (−10%), which coincided with reduced evapotranspiration and soil water content (SWC). As compared to the ‘normal year’ of 2016, GPP in different ecosystems exhibited more negative sensitivity to summer air temperature (Ta) but stronger positive sensitivity to SWC during summer drought in 2018, that is, a stronger reduction of GPP with soil moisture deficit. We found larger negative effects of Ta and vapour pressure deficit (VPD) but a lower positive effect of photosynthetic photon flux density on GPP in 2018 compared to 2016, which contributed to reduced summer GPP in 2018. Our results demonstrate that high temperature-induced increases in VPD and decreases in SWC aggravated drought impacts on GPP.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Fu, Zheng and Ciais, Philippe and Bastos, Ana and Stoy, Paul C and Yang, Hui and Green, Julia K and Wang, Bingxue and Yu, Kailiang and Huang, Yuanyuan and Knohl, Alexander and Šigut, Ladislav and Gharun, Mana and Cuntz, Matthias and Arriga, Nicola and Roland, Marilyn and Peichl, Matthias and Migliavacca, Mirco and Cremonese, Edoardo and Varlagin, Andrej and Brümmer, Christian and Gourlez de la Motte, Louis and Fares, Silvano and Buchmann, Nina and El-Madany, Tarek S. and Pitacco, Andrea and Vendrame, Nadia and Li, Zhaolei and Vincke, Caroline and Magliulo, Enzo and Koebsch, Franziska},\n doi = {10.1098/rstb.2019.0747},\n journal = {Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences},\n number = {1810}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Experimental evidence of a phase transition in the multifractal spectra of turbulent temperature fluctuations at a forest canopy top.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Dupont, S.; Argoul, F.; Gerasimova-Chechkina, E.; Irvine, M., R.; and Arneodo, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Fluid Mechanics. 2020.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Experimental evidence of a phase transition in the multifractal spectra of turbulent temperature fluctuations at a forest canopy top},\n type = {article},\n year = {2020},\n keywords = {FR_BIL},\n id = {36e32cf0-e6ea-3f4f-a764-bc36afbaffb5},\n created = {2020-09-30T15:17:34.788Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-12-16T09:57:58.316Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Dupont2020},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Ramp-cliff patterns visible in scalar turbulent time series have long been suspected to enhance the fine-scale intermittency of scalar fluctuations compared to longitudinal velocity fluctuations. Here, we use the wavelet transform modulus maxima method to perform a multifractal analysis of air temperature time series collected at a pine forest canopy top for different atmospheric stability regimes. We show that the multifractal spectra exhibit a phase transition as the signature of the presence of strong singularities corresponding to sharp temperature drops (respectively jumps) bordering the so-called ramp (respectively inverted ramp) cliff patterns commonly observed in unstable (respectively stable) atmospheric conditions and previously suspected to contaminate and possibly enhance the internal intermittency of (scalar) temperature fluctuations. Under unstable (respectively stable) atmospheric conditions, these 'cliff' singularities are indeed found to be hierarchically distributed on a 'Cantor-like' set surrounded by singularities of weaker strength typical of intermittent temperature fluctuations observed in homogeneous and isotropic turbulence. Under near-neutral conditions, no such a phase transition is observed in the temperature multifractal spectra, which is a strong indication that the statistical contribution of the 'cliffs' is not important enough to account for the stronger intermittency of temperature fluctuations when compared to corresponding longitudinal velocity fluctuations.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Dupont, S. and Argoul, F. and Gerasimova-Chechkina, E. and Irvine, M. R. and Arneodo, A.},\n doi = {10.1017/jfm.2020.348},\n journal = {Journal of Fluid Mechanics}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Ecosystem transpiration and evaporation: Insights from three water flux partitioning methods across FLUXNET sites.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Nelson, J., A.; Pérez‐Priego, O.; Zhou, S.; Poyatos, R.; Zhang, Y.; Blanken, P., D.; Gimeno, T., E.; Wohlfahrt, G.; Desai, A., R.; Gioli, B.; Limousin, J.; Bonal, D.; Paul‐Limoges, E.; Scott, R., L.; Varlagin, A.; Fuchs, K.; Montagnani, L.; Wolf, S.; Delpierre, N.; Berveiller, D.; Gharun, M.; Belelli Marchesini, L.; Gianelle, D.; Šigut, L.; Mammarella, I.; Siebicke, L.; Andrew Black, T.; Knohl, A.; Hörtnagl, L.; Magliulo, V.; Besnard, S.; Weber, U.; Carvalhais, N.; Migliavacca, M.; Reichstein, M.; and Jung, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global Change Biology, (January): gcb.15314. 10 2020.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Ecosystem$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Ecosystem transpiration and evaporation: Insights from three water flux partitioning methods across FLUXNET sites},\n type = {article},\n year = {2020},\n pages = {gcb.15314},\n websites = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/gcb.15314},\n month = {10},\n day = {6},\n id = {bc43081c-c2e6-3e3d-8c22-46fa6b45c9a1},\n created = {2020-10-08T13:36:30.212Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-12-16T09:57:58.423Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Nelson2020},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Nelson, Jacob A and Pérez‐Priego, Oscar and Zhou, Sha and Poyatos, Rafael and Zhang, Yao and Blanken, Peter D and Gimeno, Teresa E and Wohlfahrt, Georg and Desai, Ankur R. and Gioli, Beniamino and Limousin, Jean-marc and Bonal, Damien and Paul‐Limoges, Eugénie and Scott, Russell L and Varlagin, Andrej and Fuchs, Kathrin and Montagnani, Leonardo and Wolf, Sebastian and Delpierre, Nicolas and Berveiller, Daniel and Gharun, Mana and Belelli Marchesini, Luca and Gianelle, Damiano and Šigut, Ladislav and Mammarella, Ivan and Siebicke, Lukas and Andrew Black, T. and Knohl, Alexander and Hörtnagl, Lukas and Magliulo, Vincenzo and Besnard, Simon and Weber, Ulrich and Carvalhais, Nuno and Migliavacca, Mirco and Reichstein, Markus and Jung, Martin},\n doi = {10.1111/gcb.15314},\n journal = {Global Change Biology},\n number = {January},\n keywords = {FR_FON,FR_PUE}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Global transpiration data from sap flow measurements : the SAPFLUXNET database.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Poyatos, R.; Granda, V.; Flo, V.; Adams, M., A.; Adorján, B.; Aguadé, D.; Aidar, M., P., M.; Allen, S.; Alvarado-barrientos, M., S.; Anderson-teixeira, K., J.; Mcdowell, N.; Mcmahon, S.; Meir, P.; Mészáros, I.; Migliavacca, M.; Mölder, M.; Montagnani, L.; Moore, G., W.; Nakada, R.; Niu, F.; Nolan, R., H.; Norby, R.; Novick, K.; Oberhuber, W.; Obojes, N.; Oishi, A., C.; Oliveira, R., S.; Oren, R.; Ourcival, J.; Paljakka, T.; Perez-priego, O.; Peri, P., L.; Peters, R., L.; Rocha, H.; Rocheteau, A.; Röll, A.; Rosado, B.; Rowland, L.; Rubtsov, V.; Sabaté, S.; Salmon, Y.; Salomón, R., L.; Sánchez-, E.; Suárez, J., C.; Sun, G.; Szatniewska, J.; Tatarinov, F.; Tol, C., V., D.; Meerveld, I., V.; Varlagin, A.; Voigt, H.; Warren, J.; Zweifel, R.; Steppe, K.; Mencuccini, M.; and Martínez-vilalta, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Earth System Science Data Discussions, (October): 1-57. 2020.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Global transpiration data from sap flow measurements : the SAPFLUXNET database},\n type = {article},\n year = {2020},\n pages = {1-57},\n id = {9de8f0f0-14d1-3b7d-95e9-76aca8f2aa84},\n created = {2020-10-15T14:33:35.581Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-12-16T09:57:58.411Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Poyatos2020},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Poyatos, Rafael and Granda, Víctor and Flo, Víctor and Adams, Mark A and Adorján, Balázs and Aguadé, David and Aidar, Marcos P M and Allen, Scott and Alvarado-barrientos, M Susana and Anderson-teixeira, Kristina J and Mcdowell, Nate and Mcmahon, Sean and Meir, Patrick and Mészáros, Ilona and Migliavacca, Mirco and Mölder, Meelis and Montagnani, Leonardo and Moore, Georgianne W and Nakada, Ryogo and Niu, Furong and Nolan, Rachael H and Norby, Richard and Novick, Kimberly and Oberhuber, Walter and Obojes, Nikolaus and Oishi, A Christopher and Oliveira, Rafael S and Oren, Ram and Ourcival, Jean-marc and Paljakka, Teemu and Perez-priego, Oscar and Peri, Pablo L and Peters, Richard L and Rocha, Humberto and Rocheteau, Alain and Röll, Alexander and Rosado, Bruno and Rowland, Lucy and Rubtsov, V and Sabaté, Santiago and Salmon, Yann and Salomón, Roberto L and Sánchez-, Elisenda and Suárez, Juan Carlos and Sun, Ge and Szatniewska, Justyna and Tatarinov, Fyodor and Tol, Christiaan Van Der and Meerveld, Ilja Van and Varlagin, Andrej and Voigt, Holm and Warren, Jeffrey and Zweifel, Roman and Steppe, Kathy and Mencuccini, Maurizio and Martínez-vilalta, Jordi},\n doi = {10.5194/essd-2020-227},\n journal = {Earth System Science Data Discussions},\n number = {October},\n keywords = {FR_FON,FR_HES,FR_PUE}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Environmental control of land-atmosphere CO2 fluxes from temperate ecosystems: a statistical approach based on homogenized time series from five land-use types.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Moreaux, V.; Longdoz, B.; Berveiller, D.; Delpierre, N.; Dufrêne, E.; Bonnefond, J., M.; Chipeaux, C.; Joffre, R.; Limousin, J., M.; Ourcival, J., M.; Klumpp, K.; Darsonville, O.; Brut, A.; Tallec, T.; Ceschia, E.; Panthou, G.; and Loustau, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Tellus, Series B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology, 72(1): 1-25. 2020.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Environmental$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Environmental control of land-atmosphere CO2 fluxes from temperate ecosystems: a statistical approach based on homogenized time series from five land-use types},\n type = {article},\n year = {2020},\n keywords = {FR_AUR,FR_Fon,FR_LBR,FR_LQ2,FR_PUE},\n pages = {1-25},\n volume = {72},\n websites = {https://doi.org/10.1080/16000889.2020.1784689},\n publisher = {Taylor & Francis},\n id = {85182c43-61be-31ba-9d27-cf609544a2af},\n created = {2021-02-04T15:01:52.529Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2021-02-04T15:01:52.529Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Moreaux2020},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {We assembled homogenized long-term time series, up to 19 years, of measurements of net ecosystem exchange of CO2 (NEE) and its partitioning between gross primary production (GPP) and respiration (Reco) for five different ecosystems representing the main plant functional types (PFTs) in France. Part of these data was analyzed to determine the influence of the main environmental variables on carbon fluxes between temperate ecosystems and the atmosphere, and to investigate the temporal patterns of their variations. A multi-temporal statistical analysis of the time series was conducted using random forest (RF) and wavelet coherence approaches. The RF analysis showed that, in all ecosystems, the incident solar radiation was highly correlated with GPP and that GPP was better correlated with the temporal variations of NEE than Reco. The air temperature was the second most important driver in ecosystems with seasonal foliage, i.e., deciduous forest, cropland and grassland; whereas variables related to air or soil drought were prominent in evergreen forest sites. The environmental control on CO2 fluxes was tighter at high frequency suggesting an increased resilience to environmental variations at longer time spans. The spectral analysis performed on three of the five sites selected revealed contrasting temporal patterns of the cross-coherence between CO2 fluxes and climate variables among ecosystems; these were related to the respective PFT, management and soil conditions. In all PFTs, the power spectrum of GPP was well correlated with NEE and clearly different from Reco. The spectral correlation analysis showed that the canopy phenology and disturbance regime condition the spectral correlation patterns of GPP and Reco with the soil moisture and atmospheric vapour deficit.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Moreaux, Virginie and Longdoz, Bernard and Berveiller, Daniel and Delpierre, Nicolas and Dufrêne, Eric and Bonnefond, Jean Marc and Chipeaux, Christophe and Joffre, Richard and Limousin, Jean Marc and Ourcival, J. M. and Klumpp, Katja and Darsonville, Olivier and Brut, Aurore and Tallec, Tiphaine and Ceschia, Eric and Panthou, Gérémy and Loustau, Denis},\n doi = {10.1080/16000889.2020.1784689},\n journal = {Tellus, Series B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology},\n number = {1}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Validation of space-based albedo products from upscaled tower-based measurements over heterogeneous and homogeneous landscapes.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Song, R.; Muller, J., P.; Kharbouche, S.; Yin, F.; Woodgate, W.; Kitchen, M.; Roland, M.; Arriga, N.; Meyer, W.; Koerber, G.; Bonal, D.; Burban, B.; Knohl, A.; Siebicke, L.; Buysse, P.; Loubet, B.; Leonardo, M.; Lerebourg, C.; and Gobron, N.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Remote Sensing, 12(5). 2020.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Validation of space-based albedo products from upscaled tower-based measurements over heterogeneous and homogeneous landscapes},\n type = {article},\n year = {2020},\n keywords = {FR_GRI,GF_GUY:},\n volume = {12},\n id = {8477ce27-6831-3e96-9af7-1666fd3f9aca},\n created = {2021-02-04T15:20:58.966Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2021-03-02T15:39:01.952Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Song2020},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Surface albedo is a fundamental radiative parameter as it controls the Earth's energy budget and directly affects the Earth's climate. Satellite observations have long been used to capture the temporal and spatial variations of surface albedo because of their continuous global coverage. However, space-based albedo products are often affected by errors in the atmospheric correction, multi-angular bi-directional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) modelling, as well as spectral conversions. To validate space-based albedo products, an in situ tower albedometer is often used to provide continuous "ground truth" measurements of surface albedo over an extended area. Since space-based albedo and tower-measured albedo are produced at different spatial scales, the can be directly compared only for specific homogeneous land surfaces. However, most land surfaces are inherently heterogeneous with surface properties that vary over a wide range of spatial scales. In this work, tower-measured albedo products, including both directional hemispherical reflectance (DHR) and bi-hemispherical reflectance (BHR), are upscaled to coarse satellite spatial resolutions using a new method. This strategy uses high-resolution satellite derived surface albedos to fill the gaps between the albedometer's field-of-view (FoV) and coarse satellite scales. The high-resolution surface albedo is generated from a combination of surface reflectance retrieved from high-resolution Earth Observation (HR-EO) data and moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) BRDF climatology over a larger area. We implemented a recently developed atmospheric correction method, the Sensor Invariant Atmospheric Correction (SIAC), to retrieve surface reflectance from HR-EO (e.g., Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8) top-of-atmosphere (TOA) reflectance measurements. This SIAC processing provides an estimated uncertainty for the retrieved surface spectral reflectance at the HR-EO pixel level and shows excellent agreement with the standard Landsat 8 Surface Reflectance Code (LaSRC) in retrieving Landsat-8 surface reflectance. Atmospheric correction of Sentinel-2 data is vastly improved by SIAC when compared against the use of in situ AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET) data. Based on this, we can trace the uncertainty of tower-measured albedo during its propagation through high-resolution EO measurements up to coarse satellite scales. These upscaled albedo products can then be compared with space-based albedo products over heterogeneous land surfaces. In this study, both tower-measured albedo and upscaled albedo products are examined at Ground Based Observation for Validation (GbOV) stations (https://land.copernicus.eu/global/gbov/), and used to compare with satellite observations, including Copernicus Global Land Service (CGLS) based on ProbaV and VEGETATION 2 data, MODIS and multi-angle imaging spectroradiometer (MISR).},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Song, Rui and Muller, Jan Peter and Kharbouche, Said and Yin, Feng and Woodgate, William and Kitchen, Mark and Roland, Marilyn and Arriga, Nicola and Meyer, Wayne and Koerber, Georgia and Bonal, Damien and Burban, Benoit and Knohl, Alexander and Siebicke, Lukas and Buysse, Pauline and Loubet, Benjamin and Leonardo, Montagnani and Lerebourg, Christophe and Gobron, Nadine},\n doi = {10.3390/rs12050833},\n journal = {Remote Sensing},\n number = {5}\n}

\n\n\n

\n Surface albedo is a fundamental radiative parameter as it controls the Earth's energy budget and directly affects the Earth's climate. Satellite observations have long been used to capture the temporal and spatial variations of surface albedo because of their continuous global coverage. However, space-based albedo products are often affected by errors in the atmospheric correction, multi-angular bi-directional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) modelling, as well as spectral conversions. To validate space-based albedo products, an in situ tower albedometer is often used to provide continuous \"ground truth\" measurements of surface albedo over an extended area. Since space-based albedo and tower-measured albedo are produced at different spatial scales, the can be directly compared only for specific homogeneous land surfaces. However, most land surfaces are inherently heterogeneous with surface properties that vary over a wide range of spatial scales. In this work, tower-measured albedo products, including both directional hemispherical reflectance (DHR) and bi-hemispherical reflectance (BHR), are upscaled to coarse satellite spatial resolutions using a new method. This strategy uses high-resolution satellite derived surface albedos to fill the gaps between the albedometer's field-of-view (FoV) and coarse satellite scales. The high-resolution surface albedo is generated from a combination of surface reflectance retrieved from high-resolution Earth Observation (HR-EO) data and moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) BRDF climatology over a larger area. We implemented a recently developed atmospheric correction method, the Sensor Invariant Atmospheric Correction (SIAC), to retrieve surface reflectance from HR-EO (e.g., Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8) top-of-atmosphere (TOA) reflectance measurements. This SIAC processing provides an estimated uncertainty for the retrieved surface spectral reflectance at the HR-EO pixel level and shows excellent agreement with the standard Landsat 8 Surface Reflectance Code (LaSRC) in retrieving Landsat-8 surface reflectance. Atmospheric correction of Sentinel-2 data is vastly improved by SIAC when compared against the use of in situ AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET) data. Based on this, we can trace the uncertainty of tower-measured albedo during its propagation through high-resolution EO measurements up to coarse satellite scales. These upscaled albedo products can then be compared with space-based albedo products over heterogeneous land surfaces. In this study, both tower-measured albedo and upscaled albedo products are examined at Ground Based Observation for Validation (GbOV) stations (https://land.copernicus.eu/global/gbov/), and used to compare with satellite observations, including Copernicus Global Land Service (CGLS) based on ProbaV and VEGETATION 2 data, MODIS and multi-angle imaging spectroradiometer (MISR).\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Forests buffer thermal fluctuation better than non-forests.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Lin, H.; Tu, C.; Fang, J.; Gioli, B.; Loubet, B.; Gruening, C.; Zhou, G.; Beringer, J.; Huang, J.; Dušek, J.; Liddell, M.; Buysse, P.; Shi, P.; Song, Q.; Han, S.; Magliulo, V.; Li, Y.; and Grace, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 289(February). 2020.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Forests buffer thermal fluctuation better than non-forests},\n type = {article},\n year = {2020},\n keywords = {FR_GRI,FR_LBR,FR_PUE},\n volume = {289},\n id = {ef8ec19b-1e05-339c-952d-e90adaa1ce56},\n created = {2021-02-05T10:33:17.236Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2021-03-02T15:39:01.892Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Lin2020},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {With the increase in intensity and frequency of extreme climate events, interactions between vegetation and local climate are gaining more and more attention. Both the mean temperature and the temperature fluctuations of vegetation will exert thermal influence on local climate and the life of plants and animals. Many studies have focused on the pattern in the mean canopy surface temperature of vegetation, whereas there is still no systematic study of thermal buffer ability (TBA) of different vegetation types across global biomes. We developed a new method to measure TBA based on the rate of temperature increase, requiring only one radiometer. With this method, we compared TBA of ten vegetation types with contrasting structures, e.g. from grasslands to forests, using data from 133 sites globally. TBA ranged from 5.2 to 21.2 across these sites and biomes. Forests and wetlands buffer thermal fluctuation better than non-forests (grasslands, savannas, and croplands), and the TBA boundary between forests and non-forests was typically around 10. Notably, seriously disturbed and young planted forests displayed a greatly reduced TBA as low as that of non-forests at high latitudes. Canopy height was a primary controller of TBA of forests, while the TBA of grasslands and savannas were mainly determined by energy partition, water availability, and carbon sequestration rates. Our research suggests that both mean values and fluctuations in canopy surface temperature should be considered to predict the risk for plants under extreme events. Protecting mature forests, both at high and low latitudes, is critical to mitigate thermal fluctuation under extreme events.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Lin, Hua and Tu, Chengyi and Fang, Junyong and Gioli, Beniamino and Loubet, Benjamin and Gruening, Carsten and Zhou, Guoyi and Beringer, Jason and Huang, Jianguo and Dušek, Jiří and Liddell, Michael and Buysse, Pauline and Shi, Peili and Song, Qinghai and Han, Shijie and Magliulo, Vincenzo and Li, Yingnian and Grace, John},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agrformet.2020.107994},\n journal = {Agricultural and Forest Meteorology},\n number = {February}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Carbon–nitrogen interactions in European forests and semi-natural vegetation – Part 2: Untangling climatic, edaphic, management and nitrogen deposition effects on carbon sequestration potentials.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Flechard, C., R.; van Oijen, M.; Cameron, D., R.; de Vries, W.; Ibrom, A.; Buchmann, N.; Dise, N., B.; Janssens, I., A.; Neirynck, J.; Montagnani, L.; Varlagin, A.; Loustau, D.; Legout, A.; Ziemblińska, K.; Aubinet, M.; Aurela, M.; Chojnicki, B., H.; Drewer, J.; Eugster, W.; Francez, A.; Juszczak, R.; Kitzler, B.; Kutsch, W., L.; Lohila, A.; Longdoz, B.; Matteucci, G.; Moreaux, V.; Neftel, A.; Olejnik, J.; Sanz, M., J.; Siemens, J.; Vesala, T.; Vincke, C.; Nemitz, E.; Zechmeister-Boltenstern, S.; Butterbach-Bahl, K.; Skiba, U., M.; and Sutton, M., A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeosciences, 17(6): 1621-1654. 3 2020.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Carbon–nitrogen$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Carbon–nitrogen interactions in European forests and semi-natural vegetation – Part 2: Untangling climatic, edaphic, management and nitrogen deposition effects on carbon sequestration potentials},\n type = {article},\n year = {2020},\n pages = {1621-1654},\n volume = {17},\n websites = {https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/17/1621/2020/},\n month = {3},\n day = {26},\n id = {fc2c3f17-c623-3881-a69d-3153b9984699},\n created = {2021-02-11T10:41:48.920Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2021-03-02T15:39:02.125Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Flechard2020a},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {2.5–3 g N m−2 yr−1) but accompanied by increasingly large ecosystem N losses by leaching and gaseous emissions. The reduced increase in productivity per unit N deposited at high Ndep levels implies that the forecast increased Nr emissions and increased Ndep levels in large areas of Asia may not positively impact the continent's forest CO2 sink. The large level of unexplained variability in observed carbon sequestration efficiency (CSE) across sites further adds to the uncertainty in the dC∕dN response.]]>},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Flechard, Chris R. and van Oijen, Marcel and Cameron, David R. and de Vries, Wim and Ibrom, Andreas and Buchmann, Nina and Dise, Nancy B. and Janssens, Ivan A. and Neirynck, Johan and Montagnani, Leonardo and Varlagin, Andrej and Loustau, Denis and Legout, Arnaud and Ziemblińska, Klaudia and Aubinet, Marc and Aurela, Mika and Chojnicki, Bogdan H. and Drewer, Julia and Eugster, Werner and Francez, André-Jean and Juszczak, Radosław and Kitzler, Barbara and Kutsch, Werner L. and Lohila, Annalea and Longdoz, Bernard and Matteucci, Giorgio and Moreaux, Virginie and Neftel, Albrecht and Olejnik, Janusz and Sanz, Maria J. and Siemens, Jan and Vesala, Timo and Vincke, Caroline and Nemitz, Eiko and Zechmeister-Boltenstern, Sophie and Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus and Skiba, Ute M. and Sutton, Mark A.},\n doi = {10.5194/bg-17-1621-2020},\n journal = {Biogeosciences},\n number = {6}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Higher than expected CO2 fertilization inferred from leaf to global observations.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Haverd, V.; Smith, B.; Canadell, J., G.; Cuntz, M.; Mikaloff-Fletcher, S.; Farquhar, G.; Woodgate, W.; Briggs, P., R.; and Trudinger, C., M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global Change Biology, 26(4): 2390-2402. 2020.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Higher than expected CO2 fertilization inferred from leaf to global observations},\n type = {article},\n year = {2020},\n keywords = {CO2 fertilization,amplitude of seasonal cycle,carbonyl sulfide,coordination of photosynthesis,gross primary production,land carbon sink},\n pages = {2390-2402},\n volume = {26},\n id = {4aa09f92-390f-340f-9617-44e1fc5f2dfa},\n created = {2021-02-11T10:41:48.928Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2021-03-02T15:39:01.946Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Haverd2020},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Several lines of evidence point to an increase in the activity of the terrestrial biosphere over recent decades, impacting the global net land carbon sink (NLS) and its control on the growth of atmospheric carbon dioxide (ca). Global terrestrial gross primary production (GPP)—the rate of carbon fixation by photosynthesis—is estimated to have risen by (31 ± 5)% since 1900, but the relative contributions of different putative drivers to this increase are not well known. Here we identify the rising atmospheric CO2 concentration as the dominant driver. We reconcile leaf-level and global atmospheric constraints on trends in modeled biospheric activity to reveal a global CO2 fertilization effect on photosynthesis of 30% since 1900, or 47% for a doubling of ca above the pre-industrial level. Our historic value is nearly twice as high as current estimates (17 ± 4)% that do not use the full range of available constraints. Consequently, under a future low-emission scenario, we project a land carbon sink (174 PgC, 2006–2099) that is 57 PgC larger than if a lower CO2 fertilization effect comparable with current estimates is assumed. These findings suggest a larger beneficial role of the land carbon sink in modulating future excess anthropogenic CO2 consistent with the target of the Paris Agreement to stay below 2°C warming, and underscore the importance of preserving terrestrial carbon sinks.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Haverd, Vanessa and Smith, Benjamin and Canadell, Josep G. and Cuntz, Matthias and Mikaloff-Fletcher, Sara and Farquhar, Graham and Woodgate, William and Briggs, Peter R. and Trudinger, Cathy M.},\n doi = {10.1111/gcb.14950},\n journal = {Global Change Biology},\n number = {4}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Carbon–nitrogen interactions in European forests and semi-natural vegetation – Part 1: Fluxes and budgets of carbon, nitrogen and greenhouse gases from ecosystem monitoring and modelling.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Flechard, C., R.; Ibrom, A.; Skiba, U., M.; de Vries, W.; van Oijen, M.; Cameron, D., R.; Dise, N., B.; Korhonen, J., F., J.; Buchmann, N.; Legout, A.; Simpson, D.; Sanz, M., J.; Aubinet, M.; Loustau, D.; Montagnani, L.; Neirynck, J.; Janssens, I., A.; Pihlatie, M.; Kiese, R.; Siemens, J.; Francez, A.; Augustin, J.; Varlagin, A.; Olejnik, J.; Juszczak, R.; Aurela, M.; Berveiller, D.; Chojnicki, B., H.; Dämmgen, U.; Delpierre, N.; Djuricic, V.; Drewer, J.; Dufrêne, E.; Eugster, W.; Fauvel, Y.; Fowler, D.; Frumau, A.; Granier, A.; Gross, P.; Hamon, Y.; Helfter, C.; Hensen, A.; Horváth, L.; Kitzler, B.; Kruijt, B.; Kutsch, W., L.; Lobo-do-Vale, R.; Lohila, A.; Longdoz, B.; Marek, M., V.; Matteucci, G.; Mitosinkova, M.; Moreaux, V.; Neftel, A.; Ourcival, J.; Pilegaard, K.; Pita, G.; Sanz, F.; Schjoerring, J., K.; Sebastià, M.; Tang, Y., S.; Uggerud, H.; Urbaniak, M.; van Dijk, N.; Vesala, T.; Vidic, S.; Vincke, C.; Weidinger, T.; Zechmeister-Boltenstern, S.; Butterbach-Bahl, K.; Nemitz, E.; and Sutton, M., A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeosciences, 17(6): 1583-1620. 3 2020.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Carbon–nitrogen$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Carbon–nitrogen interactions in European forests and semi-natural vegetation – Part 1: Fluxes and budgets of carbon, nitrogen and greenhouse gases from ecosystem monitoring and modelling},\n type = {article},\n year = {2020},\n pages = {1583-1620},\n volume = {17},\n websites = {https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/17/1583/2020/},\n month = {3},\n day = {26},\n id = {1251d217-29f6-3be9-b4cd-c5aad63e1631},\n created = {2021-02-11T10:41:49.005Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2021-03-02T15:39:02.414Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Flechard2020},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {3 g N m−2 yr−1. Such large levels of Nr loss likely indicate that different stages of N saturation occurred at a number of sites. The joint analysis of the C and N budgets provided further hints that N saturation could be detected in altered patterns of forest growth. Net ecosystem productivity increased with Nr deposition up to 2–2.5 g N m−2 yr−1, with large scatter associated with a wide range in carbon sequestration efficiency (CSE, defined as the NEP ∕ GPP ratio). At elevated Ndep levels (> 2.5 g N m−2 yr−1), where inorganic Nr losses were also increasingly large, NEP levelled off and then decreased. The apparent increase in NEP at low to intermediate Ndep levels was partly the result of geographical cross-correlations between Ndep and climate, indicating that the actual mean dC∕dN response at individual sites was significantly lower than would be suggested by a simple, straightforward regression of NEP vs. Ndep.]]>},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Flechard, Chris R. and Ibrom, Andreas and Skiba, Ute M. and de Vries, Wim and van Oijen, Marcel and Cameron, David R. and Dise, Nancy B. and Korhonen, Janne F. J. and Buchmann, Nina and Legout, Arnaud and Simpson, David and Sanz, Maria J. and Aubinet, Marc and Loustau, Denis and Montagnani, Leonardo and Neirynck, Johan and Janssens, Ivan A. and Pihlatie, Mari and Kiese, Ralf and Siemens, Jan and Francez, André-Jean and Augustin, Jürgen and Varlagin, Andrej and Olejnik, Janusz and Juszczak, Radosław and Aurela, Mika and Berveiller, Daniel and Chojnicki, Bogdan H. and Dämmgen, Ulrich and Delpierre, Nicolas and Djuricic, Vesna and Drewer, Julia and Dufrêne, Eric and Eugster, Werner and Fauvel, Yannick and Fowler, David and Frumau, Arnoud and Granier, André and Gross, Patrick and Hamon, Yannick and Helfter, Carole and Hensen, Arjan and Horváth, László and Kitzler, Barbara and Kruijt, Bart and Kutsch, Werner L. and Lobo-do-Vale, Raquel and Lohila, Annalea and Longdoz, Bernard and Marek, Michal V. and Matteucci, Giorgio and Mitosinkova, Marta and Moreaux, Virginie and Neftel, Albrecht and Ourcival, Jean-Marc and Pilegaard, Kim and Pita, Gabriel and Sanz, Francisco and Schjoerring, Jan K. and Sebastià, Maria-Teresa and Tang, Y. Sim and Uggerud, Hilde and Urbaniak, Marek and van Dijk, Netty and Vesala, Timo and Vidic, Sonja and Vincke, Caroline and Weidinger, Tamás and Zechmeister-Boltenstern, Sophie and Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus and Nemitz, Eiko and Sutton, Mark A.},\n doi = {10.5194/bg-17-1583-2020},\n journal = {Biogeosciences},\n number = {6}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Mining ecophysiological responses of European beech ecosystems to drought.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Gennaretti, F.; Ogée, J.; Sainte-Marie, J.; and Cuntz, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 280(June 2019): 107780. 2020.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Mining$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n \n \n 1 download\n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Mining ecophysiological responses of European beech ecosystems to drought},\n type = {article},\n year = {2020},\n keywords = {Carbon flux,Drought,Ecosystem model,Fagus sylvatica L.,MuSICA,Projected climate change},\n pages = {107780},\n volume = {280},\n websites = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2019.107780},\n publisher = {Elsevier},\n id = {44537f21-1a67-3fb4-b723-6912b3984e64},\n created = {2021-02-11T10:41:49.064Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2021-03-02T15:39:02.307Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Gennaretti2020},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The most accurate understanding of forest functioning during drought is crucial to improve the forecast of future forest productivity. Here we investigate the ecophysiological responses (i.e. primary production, evapotranspiration and water use efficiency) of European beech to drought events with the ecosystem model MuSICA, using as benchmark the observed fluxes at the experimental forest Hesse (France). We show that MuSICA is able to realistically simulate observed drought-induced limitations. Subsequently we use simulation experiments to provide: (1) a quantification of the reduction of ecosystem fluxes during the 2003 drought, (2) a partitioning of heat stress and water limitations during droughts, (3) an analysis of the impact of specific drought trajectories, and (4) an evaluation of the potential impact of projected climate change on the studied forest and (5) over the beech distributional range. Our results show that the 2003 drought resulted in a 17% reduction of annual gross primary production and in a 21% reduction of evapotranspiration at Hesse. The studied forest ecosystem is mostly sensitive to negative precipitation anomalies (82% of the reduced forest productivity in 2003) and almost insensitive to heat stress due to high temperatures (16%). Moreover, we show that the ecosystem fluxes are limited more by fast drought onsets in the early growing season (June–July) than by onsets later in the season. Deciphering the impact of future climate change on beech productivity is complicated by large uncertainties in projected future precipitation and in the severity of extreme dry years. Drastic reduction of ecosystem fluxes is only predicted with climate projections that show marked reductions in precipitation. However, increased CO2 fertilization in the future will counterbalance negative drought impacts. This modelling-based study improves our understanding of the functioning of an emblematic European tree species during extreme events and informs on potential future forest responses to projected climate change.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Gennaretti, Fabio and Ogée, Jérôme and Sainte-Marie, Julien and Cuntz, Matthias},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agrformet.2019.107780},\n journal = {Agricultural and Forest Meteorology},\n number = {June 2019}\n}

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\n The most accurate understanding of forest functioning during drought is crucial to improve the forecast of future forest productivity. Here we investigate the ecophysiological responses (i.e. primary production, evapotranspiration and water use efficiency) of European beech to drought events with the ecosystem model MuSICA, using as benchmark the observed fluxes at the experimental forest Hesse (France). We show that MuSICA is able to realistically simulate observed drought-induced limitations. Subsequently we use simulation experiments to provide: (1) a quantification of the reduction of ecosystem fluxes during the 2003 drought, (2) a partitioning of heat stress and water limitations during droughts, (3) an analysis of the impact of specific drought trajectories, and (4) an evaluation of the potential impact of projected climate change on the studied forest and (5) over the beech distributional range. Our results show that the 2003 drought resulted in a 17% reduction of annual gross primary production and in a 21% reduction of evapotranspiration at Hesse. The studied forest ecosystem is mostly sensitive to negative precipitation anomalies (82% of the reduced forest productivity in 2003) and almost insensitive to heat stress due to high temperatures (16%). Moreover, we show that the ecosystem fluxes are limited more by fast drought onsets in the early growing season (June–July) than by onsets later in the season. Deciphering the impact of future climate change on beech productivity is complicated by large uncertainties in projected future precipitation and in the severity of extreme dry years. Drastic reduction of ecosystem fluxes is only predicted with climate projections that show marked reductions in precipitation. However, increased CO2 fertilization in the future will counterbalance negative drought impacts. This modelling-based study improves our understanding of the functioning of an emblematic European tree species during extreme events and informs on potential future forest responses to projected climate change.\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Estimation of daily CO2 fluxes and of the components of the carbon budget for winter wheat by the assimilation of Sentinel 2-like remote sensing data into a crop model.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Pique, G.; Fieuzal, R.; Al Bitar, A.; Veloso, A.; Tallec, T.; Brut, A.; Ferlicoq, M.; Zawilski, B.; Dejoux, J., F.; Gibrin, H.; and Ceschia, E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Geoderma, 376(June): 114428. 2020.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Estimation$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Estimation of daily CO2 fluxes and of the components of the carbon budget for winter wheat by the assimilation of Sentinel 2-like remote sensing data into a crop model},\n type = {article},\n year = {2020},\n keywords = {FR_AUR,FR_LAM},\n pages = {114428},\n volume = {376},\n websites = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2020.114428},\n publisher = {Elsevier},\n id = {b8bb86d7-6d2a-3203-bfc1-6b5ac269e4f6},\n created = {2021-02-11T10:53:19.100Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2021-03-02T15:39:01.953Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Pique2020},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Croplands contribute to greenhouse gas emissions but also have the potential to mitigate climate change through soil carbon storage. However, there is a lack of tools based on objective observations for assessing cropland C budgets at the plot scale over large areas. Such tools would allow us to more precisely establish the contribution of an agricultural plot to net CO2 emissions according to the plot management and identify levers for improving the C budget. In this study, we present a diagnostic regional modelling approach, called SAFY-CO2, that assimilates high spatial and temporal resolution (HSTR) optical remote sensing data in a simple crop model and evaluate the performance of this approach in quantifying crop production and the main components of the annual carbon budget for winter wheat. The SAFY-CO2 model simulates daily crop development (biomass, partition to leaves, etc.), the components of net ecosystem CO2 fluxes, and the annual yield and net ecosystem carbon budget (NECB). Multi-temporal green area index (GAI) maps derived from HSTR data from the Formosat-2 and SPOT satellites were used to calibrate the light-use efficiency and phenological parameters of the model. Data from the literature were used to set a priori values for a set of model parameters, and a large dataset of in situ data was used for model validation. This dataset includes 8 years of eddy-covariance net CO2 flux measurements and GAI, biomass and yield data acquired at 2 instrumented sites in southwest France. Biomass and yield data from 16 fields in the study area between 2005 and 2014 were also used for validation. The SAFY-CO2 model is able to reproduce both GAI dynamics (RRMSE = 14%, R2 = 0.97) and biomass production and yield (RRMSE of 27% and 21%, respectively) with high precisions under contrasting climatic, environmental and management conditions. Additionally, the net CO2 flux components estimated by the model generally agreed well with in situ data and presented very good and significant correlations (RMSE of 1.74, 1.13 and 1.29 gC.m−2.d-1 for GPP, Reco and NEE, respectively; R2 of 0.90, 0.75 and 0.85 for GPP, Reco and NEE, respectively) over the 8 studied years. This study also highlights the importance of accounting for post-harvest vegetative events (spontaneous re-growth, weed development and cover crops) for an accurate calculation of the annual net CO2 flux. This approach requires a limited number of input parameters for estimating yield and net CO2 flux components, which is promising for regional/global-scale applications based on Sentinel 2-like data; however, the approach requires plot-scale data concerning organic amendments and straw management (exportation) in animal farming systems to calculate field C budgets.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Pique, Gaétan and Fieuzal, Rémy and Al Bitar, Ahmad and Veloso, Amanda and Tallec, Tiphaine and Brut, Aurore and Ferlicoq, Morgan and Zawilski, Bartosz and Dejoux, Jean François and Gibrin, Hervé and Ceschia, Eric},\n doi = {10.1016/j.geoderma.2020.114428},\n journal = {Geoderma},\n number = {June}\n}

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\n Croplands contribute to greenhouse gas emissions but also have the potential to mitigate climate change through soil carbon storage. However, there is a lack of tools based on objective observations for assessing cropland C budgets at the plot scale over large areas. Such tools would allow us to more precisely establish the contribution of an agricultural plot to net CO2 emissions according to the plot management and identify levers for improving the C budget. In this study, we present a diagnostic regional modelling approach, called SAFY-CO2, that assimilates high spatial and temporal resolution (HSTR) optical remote sensing data in a simple crop model and evaluate the performance of this approach in quantifying crop production and the main components of the annual carbon budget for winter wheat. The SAFY-CO2 model simulates daily crop development (biomass, partition to leaves, etc.), the components of net ecosystem CO2 fluxes, and the annual yield and net ecosystem carbon budget (NECB). Multi-temporal green area index (GAI) maps derived from HSTR data from the Formosat-2 and SPOT satellites were used to calibrate the light-use efficiency and phenological parameters of the model. Data from the literature were used to set a priori values for a set of model parameters, and a large dataset of in situ data was used for model validation. This dataset includes 8 years of eddy-covariance net CO2 flux measurements and GAI, biomass and yield data acquired at 2 instrumented sites in southwest France. Biomass and yield data from 16 fields in the study area between 2005 and 2014 were also used for validation. The SAFY-CO2 model is able to reproduce both GAI dynamics (RRMSE = 14%, R2 = 0.97) and biomass production and yield (RRMSE of 27% and 21%, respectively) with high precisions under contrasting climatic, environmental and management conditions. Additionally, the net CO2 flux components estimated by the model generally agreed well with in situ data and presented very good and significant correlations (RMSE of 1.74, 1.13 and 1.29 gC.m−2.d-1 for GPP, Reco and NEE, respectively; R2 of 0.90, 0.75 and 0.85 for GPP, Reco and NEE, respectively) over the 8 studied years. This study also highlights the importance of accounting for post-harvest vegetative events (spontaneous re-growth, weed development and cover crops) for an accurate calculation of the annual net CO2 flux. This approach requires a limited number of input parameters for estimating yield and net CO2 flux components, which is promising for regional/global-scale applications based on Sentinel 2-like data; however, the approach requires plot-scale data concerning organic amendments and straw management (exportation) in animal farming systems to calculate field C budgets.\n

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\n \n 2019\n \n \n (16)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n N2O flux measurements over an irrigated maize crop: A comparison of three methods.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Tallec, T.; Brut, A.; Joly, L.; Dumelié, N.; Serça, D.; Mordelet, P.; Claverie, N.; Legain, D.; Barrié, J.; Decarpenterie, T.; Cousin, J.; Zawilski, B.; Ceschia, E.; Guérin, F.; and Le Dantec, V.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 264(September 2018): 56-72. 2019.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {N2O flux measurements over an irrigated maize crop: A comparison of three methods},\n type = {article},\n year = {2019},\n keywords = {Chambers,Eddy covariance,Maize,N2O fluxes,Water vapour effect},\n pages = {56-72},\n volume = {264},\n id = {34ae818f-159b-365c-87bd-2946aa4034ae},\n created = {2018-12-04T19:23:22.549Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:47.038Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Tallec2019},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {This paper presents the NitroCOSMES campaign, aimed at testing and evaluating the performance of three methods for monitoring N2O fluxes over an agricultural field. The experiment was conducted from May to August 2012 at a site located in the south-west of France. N2O fluxes from a 24 ha irrigated maize field were measured using eddy covariance (EC), automated chamber (AC) and static chamber (SC) methodologies. Uncertainties were calculated according to the specificities of each set-up. Measurements were performed over a large range of water-filled pore spaces (WFPS), soil temperatures, and mineral nitrogen availability, and offered the opportunity to compare methodologies over a wide range of N2O emission intensities. The average N2O fluxes were compared among the three methodologies during the same periods of measurement and for different intensities of emissions (low, moderate and high). Periods of comparison were determined according to the AC results. On average, the three methods gave comparable results for the low (SC: 14.7 ± 2.2, EC: 15.7 ± 10.1, AC: 17.5 ± 1.6 ng N2O-N m−² s−1) and the high (SC: 131.7 ± 22.1, EC: 125.3 ± 8, AC: 125.1 ± 8.9 ng N2O-N m−² s−1) N2O emission ranges. For the moderate N2O emission range, AC measurements gave higher emissions (57.2 ± 3.9 ng N2O-N m−² s−1) on average than both the SC (41.6 ± 6.6 ng N2O-N m−² s−1) and EC (33.8 ± 3.9 ng N2O-N m−² s−1) methods, which agreed better with each other. The relative standard deviation coefficient (RSD) indicated that EC methodology gave highly variable values during periods of low N2O emissions, from -52.2 ± 88.1 to 62.2 ± 50.7 ng N2O-N m−² s−1, with a mean RSD of 151%. Water vapour effects (dilution and spectroscopic cross-sensitivity) were discussed in an attempt to explain the high variability in low N2O emission measurements. Even after applying the Webb term correction, there could still be a spectroscopic cross-sensitivity effect of water vapour on the N2O trace gas signal because of the layout of the analysers, which was not determined during the experiment. This study underlined that EC methodology is a promising way to estimate and refine N2O budgets at the field scale and to analyse the effects of different agricultural practices more finely with continuous flux monitoring. It also highlighted the need to continue the effort to assess and develop chambers and EC methodologies, especially for the low N2O emission measurement range, for which values and systematic uncertainties remain high and highly variable.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Tallec, T. and Brut, A. and Joly, L. and Dumelié, N. and Serça, D. and Mordelet, P. and Claverie, N. and Legain, D. and Barrié, J. and Decarpenterie, T. and Cousin, J. and Zawilski, B. and Ceschia, Eric and Guérin, F. and Le Dantec, V.},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agrformet.2018.09.017},\n journal = {Agricultural and Forest Meteorology},\n number = {September 2018}\n}

\n\n\n

\n This paper presents the NitroCOSMES campaign, aimed at testing and evaluating the performance of three methods for monitoring N2O fluxes over an agricultural field. The experiment was conducted from May to August 2012 at a site located in the south-west of France. N2O fluxes from a 24 ha irrigated maize field were measured using eddy covariance (EC), automated chamber (AC) and static chamber (SC) methodologies. Uncertainties were calculated according to the specificities of each set-up. Measurements were performed over a large range of water-filled pore spaces (WFPS), soil temperatures, and mineral nitrogen availability, and offered the opportunity to compare methodologies over a wide range of N2O emission intensities. The average N2O fluxes were compared among the three methodologies during the same periods of measurement and for different intensities of emissions (low, moderate and high). Periods of comparison were determined according to the AC results. On average, the three methods gave comparable results for the low (SC: 14.7 ± 2.2, EC: 15.7 ± 10.1, AC: 17.5 ± 1.6 ng N2O-N m−² s−1) and the high (SC: 131.7 ± 22.1, EC: 125.3 ± 8, AC: 125.1 ± 8.9 ng N2O-N m−² s−1) N2O emission ranges. For the moderate N2O emission range, AC measurements gave higher emissions (57.2 ± 3.9 ng N2O-N m−² s−1) on average than both the SC (41.6 ± 6.6 ng N2O-N m−² s−1) and EC (33.8 ± 3.9 ng N2O-N m−² s−1) methods, which agreed better with each other. The relative standard deviation coefficient (RSD) indicated that EC methodology gave highly variable values during periods of low N2O emissions, from -52.2 ± 88.1 to 62.2 ± 50.7 ng N2O-N m−² s−1, with a mean RSD of 151%. Water vapour effects (dilution and spectroscopic cross-sensitivity) were discussed in an attempt to explain the high variability in low N2O emission measurements. Even after applying the Webb term correction, there could still be a spectroscopic cross-sensitivity effect of water vapour on the N2O trace gas signal because of the layout of the analysers, which was not determined during the experiment. This study underlined that EC methodology is a promising way to estimate and refine N2O budgets at the field scale and to analyse the effects of different agricultural practices more finely with continuous flux monitoring. It also highlighted the need to continue the effort to assess and develop chambers and EC methodologies, especially for the low N2O emission measurement range, for which values and systematic uncertainties remain high and highly variable.\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Soil ozone deposition : Dependence of soil resistance to soil texture.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Stella, P.; Loubet, B.; Berranger, C., D.; Charrier, X.; Ceschia, E.; Gerosa, G.; Finco, A.; Lamaud, E.; Serça, D.; George, C.; and Ciuraru, R.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Atmospheric Environment, 199(November 2018): 202-209. 2019.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Soil$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Soil ozone deposition : Dependence of soil resistance to soil texture},\n type = {article},\n year = {2019},\n keywords = {FR_LAM,FR_LUS},\n pages = {202-209},\n volume = {199},\n websites = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.11.036},\n publisher = {Elsevier},\n id = {ef215f20-5760-34bd-bc05-777c4882622e},\n created = {2019-02-07T16:43:39.987Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2021-02-05T10:33:17.512Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {false},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Stella2019},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Stella, P and Loubet, Benjamin and Berranger, C De and Charrier, X and Ceschia, Eric and Gerosa, G and Finco, A and Lamaud, E and Serça, D and George, C and Ciuraru, R},\n doi = {10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.11.036},\n journal = {Atmospheric Environment},\n number = {November 2018}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Widespread inhibition of daytime ecosystem respiration.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Keenan, T., F.; Migliavacca, M.; Papale, D.; Baldocchi, D.; Reichstein, M.; Torn, M.; and Wutzler, T.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Nature Ecology & Evolution. 2019.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Widespread$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Widespread inhibition of daytime ecosystem respiration},\n type = {article},\n year = {2019},\n websites = {http://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-019-0809-2},\n publisher = {Springer US},\n id = {6e734547-5427-3652-a5eb-36708c2651d9},\n created = {2019-02-12T15:47:39.958Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:46.942Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Keenan2019},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Keenan, Trevor F. and Migliavacca, Mirco and Papale, Dario and Baldocchi, Dennis and Reichstein, Markus and Torn, Margaret and Wutzler, Thomas},\n doi = {10.1038/s41559-019-0809-2},\n journal = {Nature Ecology & Evolution},\n keywords = {FR_Fon,FR_Gri,FR_LBr,FR_Pue,GF_Guy}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Importance of the vegetation-groundwater-stream continuum to understand transformation of biogenic carbon in aquatic systems – A case study based on a pine-maize comparison in a lowland sandy watershed (Landes de Gascogne, SW France).\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Deirmendjian, L.; Anschutz, P.; Morel, C.; Mollier, A.; Augusto, L.; Loustau, D.; Cotovicz, L., C.; Buquet, D.; Lajaunie, K.; Chaillou, G.; Voltz, B.; Charbonnier, C.; Poirier, D.; and Abril, G.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Science of the Total Environment, 661: 613-629. 2019.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Importance$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Importance of the vegetation-groundwater-stream continuum to understand transformation of biogenic carbon in aquatic systems – A case study based on a pine-maize comparison in a lowland sandy watershed (Landes de Gascogne, SW France)},\n type = {article},\n year = {2019},\n keywords = {FR_BIL},\n pages = {613-629},\n volume = {661},\n websites = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.152},\n publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},\n id = {8c8de7eb-a4d2-3fa3-ab5c-418cbd6ab17c},\n created = {2019-02-28T14:47:30.990Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:47.131Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Deirmendjian2019},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {During land-aquatic transfer, carbon (C) and inorganic nutrients (IN) are transformed in soils, groundwater, and at the groundwater-surface water interface as well as in stream channels and stream sediments. However, processes and factors controlling these transfers and transformations are not well constrained, particularly with respect to land use effect. We compared C and IN concentrations in shallow groundwater and first-order streams of a sandy lowland catchment dominated by two types of land use: pine forest and maize cropland. Contrary to forest groundwater, crop groundwater exhibited oxic conditions all-year round as a result of higher evapotranspiration and better lateral drainage that decreased the water table below the organic-rich soil horizon, prevented the leaching of soil-generated dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in groundwater, and thus limited consumption of dissolved oxygen (O2). In crop groundwater, oxic conditions inhibited denitrification and methanogenesis resulting in high nitrate (NO3−; on average 1140 ± 485 μmol L−1) and low methane (CH4; 40 ± 25 nmol L−1) concentrations. Conversely, anoxic conditions in forest groundwater led to lower NO3− (25 ± 40 μmol L−1) and higher CH4 (1770 ± 1830 nmol L−1) concentrations. The partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2; 30,650 ± 11,590 ppmv) in crop groundwater was significantly lower than in forest groundwater (50,630 ± 26,070 ppmv), and was apparently caused by the deeper water table delaying downward diffusion of soil CO2 to the water table. In contrast, pCO2 was not significantly different in crop (4480 ± 2680 ppmv) and forest (4900 ± 4500 ppmv) streams, suggesting faster degassing in forest streams resulting from greater water turbulence. Although NO3−concentrations indicated that denitrification occurred in riparian-forest groundwater, crop streams nevertheless exhibited important signs of spring and summer eutrophication such as the development of macrophytes. Stream eutrophication favored development of anaerobic conditions in crop stream sediments, as evidenced by increased ammonia (NH4+) and CH4 in stream waters and concomitant decreased in NO3− concentrations as a result of sediment denitrification. In crop streams, dredging and erosion of streambed sediments during winter sustained high concentration of particulate organic C, NH4+ and CH4. In forest streams, dissolved iron (Fe2+), NH4+ and CH4 were negatively correlated with O2 reflecting the gradual oxygenation of stream water and associated oxidations of Fe2+, NH4+ and CH4. The results overall showed that forest groundwater behaved as source of CO2 and CH4 to streams, the intensity depending on the hydrological connectivity among soils, groundwater, and streams. CH4 production was prevented in cropland in soils and groundwater, however crop groundwater acted as a source of CO2 to streams (but less so than forest groundwater). Conversely, in streams, pCO2 was not significantly affected by land use while CH4 production was enhanced by cropland. At the catchment scale, this study found substantial biogeochemical heterogeneity in C and IN concentrations between forest and crop waters, demonstrating the importance of including the full vegetation-groundwater-stream continuum when estimating land-water fluxes of C (and nitrogen) and attempting to understand their spatial and temporal dynamics.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Deirmendjian, Loris and Anschutz, Pierre and Morel, Christian and Mollier, Alain and Augusto, Laurent and Loustau, Denis and Cotovicz, Luiz Carlos and Buquet, Damien and Lajaunie, Katixa and Chaillou, Gwenaëlle and Voltz, Baptiste and Charbonnier, Céline and Poirier, Dominique and Abril, Gwenaël},\n doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.152},\n journal = {Science of the Total Environment}\n}

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\n During land-aquatic transfer, carbon (C) and inorganic nutrients (IN) are transformed in soils, groundwater, and at the groundwater-surface water interface as well as in stream channels and stream sediments. However, processes and factors controlling these transfers and transformations are not well constrained, particularly with respect to land use effect. We compared C and IN concentrations in shallow groundwater and first-order streams of a sandy lowland catchment dominated by two types of land use: pine forest and maize cropland. Contrary to forest groundwater, crop groundwater exhibited oxic conditions all-year round as a result of higher evapotranspiration and better lateral drainage that decreased the water table below the organic-rich soil horizon, prevented the leaching of soil-generated dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in groundwater, and thus limited consumption of dissolved oxygen (O2). In crop groundwater, oxic conditions inhibited denitrification and methanogenesis resulting in high nitrate (NO3−; on average 1140 ± 485 μmol L−1) and low methane (CH4; 40 ± 25 nmol L−1) concentrations. Conversely, anoxic conditions in forest groundwater led to lower NO3− (25 ± 40 μmol L−1) and higher CH4 (1770 ± 1830 nmol L−1) concentrations. The partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2; 30,650 ± 11,590 ppmv) in crop groundwater was significantly lower than in forest groundwater (50,630 ± 26,070 ppmv), and was apparently caused by the deeper water table delaying downward diffusion of soil CO2 to the water table. In contrast, pCO2 was not significantly different in crop (4480 ± 2680 ppmv) and forest (4900 ± 4500 ppmv) streams, suggesting faster degassing in forest streams resulting from greater water turbulence. Although NO3−concentrations indicated that denitrification occurred in riparian-forest groundwater, crop streams nevertheless exhibited important signs of spring and summer eutrophication such as the development of macrophytes. Stream eutrophication favored development of anaerobic conditions in crop stream sediments, as evidenced by increased ammonia (NH4+) and CH4 in stream waters and concomitant decreased in NO3− concentrations as a result of sediment denitrification. In crop streams, dredging and erosion of streambed sediments during winter sustained high concentration of particulate organic C, NH4+ and CH4. In forest streams, dissolved iron (Fe2+), NH4+ and CH4 were negatively correlated with O2 reflecting the gradual oxygenation of stream water and associated oxidations of Fe2+, NH4+ and CH4. The results overall showed that forest groundwater behaved as source of CO2 and CH4 to streams, the intensity depending on the hydrological connectivity among soils, groundwater, and streams. CH4 production was prevented in cropland in soils and groundwater, however crop groundwater acted as a source of CO2 to streams (but less so than forest groundwater). Conversely, in streams, pCO2 was not significantly affected by land use while CH4 production was enhanced by cropland. At the catchment scale, this study found substantial biogeochemical heterogeneity in C and IN concentrations between forest and crop waters, demonstrating the importance of including the full vegetation-groundwater-stream continuum when estimating land-water fluxes of C (and nitrogen) and attempting to understand their spatial and temporal dynamics.\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Ozone production in a maritime pine forest in water-stressed conditions.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Kammer, J.; Lamaud, E.; Bonnefond, J., M.; Garrigou, D.; Flaud, P., M.; Perraudin, E.; and Villenave, E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Atmospheric Environment, 197(September 2018): 131-140. 2019.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Ozone$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Ozone production in a maritime pine forest in water-stressed conditions},\n type = {article},\n year = {2019},\n keywords = {Eddy covariance,Maritime pine,Ozone fluxes,Ozone production},\n pages = {131-140},\n volume = {197},\n websites = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.10.021},\n publisher = {Elsevier},\n id = {d4e717ab-b2bc-3351-a3aa-9714b68f1289},\n created = {2019-03-08T15:42:17.975Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:48.091Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Kammer2019},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {During two growing seasons of a maritime pine stand, in 2014 and 2015, ozone (O3) fluxes have been determined using the eddy covariance (EC) method and compared to the outputs of a big-leaf O3 deposition model including stomatal, cuticular and soil pathways. The model developed in this study generally allowed to properly reproduce the measured ozone deposition. Ozone fluxes showed a strong reduction during two water stressed periods in September 2014 and July 2015. The model partly explain this fall due to the reduction of stomatal deposition. Despite this stomatal closure, measured O3 fluxes presented systematically lower negative values than the model outputs, and sometimes even positive values around midday during periods marked by strong water stress. In other words, the difference between observed and modelled O3 fluxes (hereinafter referred to as the residual O3 flux) is systematically positive on daytime during these water-stressed periods. This positive residual flux traduced the existence of an O3 source below the flux measurement level, responsible for positive fluxes that counterbalance deposition fluxes. We developed an O3 production module based on a terpene emission algorithm and an OH concentration proxy, to try to explain the observed ozone production. As this parametrisation allowed us to reproduce well the daily and inter-daily dynamics of the residual O3 flux, it confirms that the latter actually resulted from O3 production processes. This ozone production is here highlighted for the first time using O3 fluxes measurements by the EC method. The chemical reactions possibly involved in O3 production processes in this maritime pine forest have been discussed and different mechanisms are proposed, based on peroxy radicals chemistry or stress-induced BVOCs.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Kammer, J. and Lamaud, E. and Bonnefond, J. M. and Garrigou, D. and Flaud, P. M. and Perraudin, E. and Villenave, E.},\n doi = {10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.10.021},\n journal = {Atmospheric Environment},\n number = {September 2018}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Air temperature optima of vegetation productivity across global biomes.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Huang, M.; Piao, S.; Ciais, P.; Peñuelas, J.; Wang, X.; Keenan, T., F.; Peng, S.; Berry, J., A.; Wang, K.; Mao, J.; Alkama, R.; Cescatti, A.; Cuntz, M.; De Deurwaerder, H.; Gao, M.; He, Y.; Liu, Y.; Luo, Y.; Myneni, R., B.; Niu, S.; Shi, X.; Yuan, W.; Verbeeck, H.; Wang, T.; Wu, J.; and Janssens, I., A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Nature Ecology & Evolution. 2019.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Air$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Air temperature optima of vegetation productivity across global biomes},\n type = {article},\n year = {2019},\n websites = {http://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-019-0838-x},\n id = {1c755315-87c5-3523-97c1-6442f824ac70},\n created = {2019-03-13T12:53:56.412Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:48.653Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Huang2019},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Huang, Mengtian and Piao, Shilong and Ciais, Philippe and Peñuelas, Josep and Wang, Xuhui and Keenan, Trevor F. and Peng, Shushi and Berry, Joseph A. and Wang, Kai and Mao, Jiafu and Alkama, Ramdane and Cescatti, Alessandro and Cuntz, Matthias and De Deurwaerder, Hannes and Gao, Mengdi and He, Yue and Liu, Yongwen and Luo, Yiqi and Myneni, Ranga B. and Niu, Shuli and Shi, Xiaoying and Yuan, Wenping and Verbeeck, Hans and Wang, Tao and Wu, Jin and Janssens, Ivan A.},\n doi = {10.1038/s41559-019-0838-x},\n journal = {Nature Ecology & Evolution},\n keywords = {FR-Hes,FR_FON,FR_Gri,FR_LAM,FR_LBR,FR_LQ1,FR_LQ2,FR_PUE}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Potential evaporation at eddy-covariance sites across the globe.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Maes, W., H.; Gentine, P.; Verhoest, N., E.; and Miralles, D., G.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 23(2): 925-948. 2019.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Potential evaporation at eddy-covariance sites across the globe},\n type = {article},\n year = {2019},\n pages = {925-948},\n volume = {23},\n id = {8209b6ff-33b7-3c24-a574-be0a8239162a},\n created = {2019-05-09T15:32:10.835Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:48.066Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Maes2019},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Abstract. Potential evaporation (Ep) is a crucial variable for hydrological forecasting and drought monitoring. However, multiple interpretations of Ep exist, which reflect a diverse range of methods to calculate it. A comparison of the performance of these methods against field observations in different global ecosystems is urgently needed. In this study, potential evaporation was defined as the rate of terrestrial evaporation (or evapotranspiration) that the actual ecosystem would attain if it were to evaporate at maximal rate for the given atmospheric conditions. We use eddy-covariance measurements from the FLUXNET2015 database, covering 11 different biomes, to parameterise and inter-compare the most widely used Ep methods and to uncover their relative performance. For each of the 107 sites, we isolate days for which ecosystems can be considered unstressed, based on both an energy balance and a soil water content approach. Evaporation measurements during these days are used as reference to calibrate and validate the different methods to estimate Ep. Our results indicate that a simple radiation-driven method, calibrated per biome, consistently performs best against in situ measurements (mean correlation of 0.93; unbiased RMSE of 0.56&thinsp;mm&thinsp;day−1; and bias of −0.02&thinsp;mm&thinsp;day−1). A Priestley and Taylor method, calibrated per biome, performed just slightly worse, yet substantially and consistently better than more complex Penman-based, Penman–Monteith-based or temperature-driven approaches. We show that the poor performance of Penman–Monteith-based approaches largely relates to the fact that the unstressed stomatal conductance cannot be assumed to be constant in time at the ecosystem scale. On the contrary, the biome-specific parameters required by simpler radiation-driven methods are relatively constant in time and per biome type. This makes these methods a robust way to estimate Ep and a suitable tool to investigate the impact of water use and demand, drought severity and biome productivity.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Maes, Wouter H. and Gentine, Pierre and Verhoest, Niko E.C. and Miralles, Diego G.},\n doi = {10.5194/hess-23-925-2019},\n journal = {Hydrology and Earth System Sciences},\n number = {2},\n keywords = {FR_PUE}\n}

\n\n\n

\n Abstract. Potential evaporation (Ep) is a crucial variable for hydrological forecasting and drought monitoring. However, multiple interpretations of Ep exist, which reflect a diverse range of methods to calculate it. A comparison of the performance of these methods against field observations in different global ecosystems is urgently needed. In this study, potential evaporation was defined as the rate of terrestrial evaporation (or evapotranspiration) that the actual ecosystem would attain if it were to evaporate at maximal rate for the given atmospheric conditions. We use eddy-covariance measurements from the FLUXNET2015 database, covering 11 different biomes, to parameterise and inter-compare the most widely used Ep methods and to uncover their relative performance. For each of the 107 sites, we isolate days for which ecosystems can be considered unstressed, based on both an energy balance and a soil water content approach. Evaporation measurements during these days are used as reference to calibrate and validate the different methods to estimate Ep. Our results indicate that a simple radiation-driven method, calibrated per biome, consistently performs best against in situ measurements (mean correlation of 0.93; unbiased RMSE of 0.56 mm day−1; and bias of −0.02 mm day−1). A Priestley and Taylor method, calibrated per biome, performed just slightly worse, yet substantially and consistently better than more complex Penman-based, Penman–Monteith-based or temperature-driven approaches. We show that the poor performance of Penman–Monteith-based approaches largely relates to the fact that the unstressed stomatal conductance cannot be assumed to be constant in time at the ecosystem scale. On the contrary, the biome-specific parameters required by simpler radiation-driven methods are relatively constant in time and per biome type. This makes these methods a robust way to estimate Ep and a suitable tool to investigate the impact of water use and demand, drought severity and biome productivity.\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Different determinants of radiation use efficiency in cold and temperate forests.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Balzarolo, M.; Valdameri, N.; Fu, Y., H.; Schepers, L.; Janssens, I., A.; and Campioli, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global Ecology and Biogeography, (June): 1-19. 2019.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Different$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Different determinants of radiation use efficiency in cold and temperate forests},\n type = {article},\n year = {2019},\n keywords = {FR_HES},\n pages = {1-19},\n websites = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/geb.12985},\n id = {4b9744a7-64bd-3cd7-b41d-062cc94eb1cc},\n created = {2019-09-05T15:20:47.699Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:48.864Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Balzarolo2019},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Balzarolo, Manuela and Valdameri, Nadia and Fu, Yongshuo H. and Schepers, Lennert and Janssens, Ivan A. and Campioli, Matteo},\n doi = {10.1111/geb.12985},\n journal = {Global Ecology and Biogeography},\n number = {June}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Comparative study of biogenic volatile organic compounds fluxes by wheat, maize and rapeseed with dynamic chambers over a short period in northern France.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Gonzaga Gomez, L.; Loubet, B.; Lafouge, F.; Ciuraru, R.; Buysse, P.; Durand, B.; Gueudet, J.; Fanucci, O.; Fortineau, A.; Zurfluh, O.; Decuq, C.; Kammer, J.; Duprix, P.; Bsaibes, S.; Truong, F.; Gros, V.; and Boissard, C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Atmospheric Environment, 214(July): 116855. 2019.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Comparative study of biogenic volatile organic compounds fluxes by wheat, maize and rapeseed with dynamic chambers over a short period in northern France},\n type = {article},\n year = {2019},\n pages = {116855},\n volume = {214},\n id = {c7d9ec7d-1d8d-33c4-bc24-37a13ce02ca6},\n created = {2019-10-10T14:15:58.965Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:48.117Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {GonzagaGomez2019},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {© 2019 Elsevier Ltd Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOC) are mainly emitted from vegetation. However there is still little information on BVOC exchanges with crops. In this study we measured fluxes of BVOC from wheat, maize and rapeseed crops near Paris at the plant level during a full-week period for each species. We used dynamic automated chambers coupled to a Proton Transfer Reaction, Quadrupole ion guide, Time of Flight mass spectrometer (PTR-Qi-Tof-MS) instrument for online measurements of BVOC. Our results confirm the hypothesis that many unexplored compounds contribute to BVOC exchanges between crops and the atmosphere, although for all plant species methanol was dominating the emissions (55–85% of the sum of the BVOC exchanges fluxes on a mass basis) followed by acetone and acetaldehyde. The 10 most exchanged compounds, excluding methanol, contributed more than 50% of the summed fluxes and the 100 most exchanged contributed to more than 90%. The summed BVOC emission and deposition presented large interspecies variations, but limited intra-species variability, with a summed net flux of 0.11 ± 0.02 μgBVOC gDW−1 h−1 for maize, 1.5 ± 0.7 μgBVOC gDW−1 h−1 for wheat, and 9.1 ± 2.4 μgBVOC gDW−1 h−1 for rapeseed. The 10 most emitted compounds were mostly emitted during the day and were correlated with both photosynthetically active radiation and temperature and anti-correlated with relative humidity. This study provides the first evaluation so far of the biosphere-atmosphere fluxes for several BVOC. In particular we provide a first evaluation of standard emission factor for isoprene and monoterpene for wheat and rapeseed at their respective growth stages. This study is however limited to a week period at a given stage for each species and at the plant level.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Gonzaga Gomez, Lais and Loubet, Benjamin and Lafouge, Florence and Ciuraru, Raluca and Buysse, Pauline and Durand, Brigitte and Gueudet, Jean-Christophe and Fanucci, Olivier and Fortineau, Alain and Zurfluh, Olivier and Decuq, Céline and Kammer, Julien and Duprix, Pascal and Bsaibes, Sandy and Truong, François and Gros, Valérie and Boissard, Christophe},\n doi = {10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.116855},\n journal = {Atmospheric Environment},\n number = {July}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n How to measure, report and verify soil carbon change to realize the potential of soil carbon sequestration for atmospheric greenhouse gas removal.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Smith, P.; Soussana, J.; Angers, D.; Schipper, L.; Chenu, C.; Rasse, D., P.; Batjes, N., H.; Egmond, F.; McNeill, S.; Kuhnert, M.; Arias‐Navarro, C.; Olesen, J., E.; Chirinda, N.; Fornara, D.; Wollenberg, E.; Álvaro‐Fuentes, J.; Sanz‐Cobena, A.; and Klumpp, K.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global Change Biology, (August): 1-23. 2019.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {How to measure, report and verify soil carbon change to realize the potential of soil carbon sequestration for atmospheric greenhouse gas removal},\n type = {article},\n year = {2019},\n pages = {1-23},\n id = {ee4b8473-2505-313c-9dd4-2ef614aeeede},\n created = {2019-10-30T11:01:35.375Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:48.994Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Smith2019},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Predicting the binding mode of flexible polypeptides to proteins is an important task that falls outside the domain of applicability of most small molecule and protein−protein docking tools. Here, we test the small molecule flexible ligand docking program Glide on a set of 19 non-α-helical peptides and systematically improve pose prediction accuracy by enhancing Glide sampling for flexible polypeptides. In addition, scoring of the poses was improved by post-processing with physics-based implicit solvent MM- GBSA calculations. Using the best RMSD among the top 10 scoring poses as a metric, the success rate (RMSD ≤ 2.0 Å for the interface backbone atoms) increased from 21% with default Glide SP settings to 58% with the enhanced peptide sampling and scoring protocol in the case of redocking to the native protein structure. This approaches the accuracy of the recently developed Rosetta FlexPepDock method (63% success for these 19 peptides) while being over 100 times faster. Cross-docking was performed for a subset of cases where an unbound receptor structure was available, and in that case, 40% of peptides were docked successfully. We analyze the results and find that the optimized polypeptide protocol is most accurate for extended peptides of limited size and number of formal charges, defining a domain of applicability for this approach.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Smith, Pete and Soussana, Jean‐Francois and Angers, Denis and Schipper, Louis and Chenu, Claire and Rasse, Daniel P. and Batjes, Niels H. and Egmond, Fenny and McNeill, Stephen and Kuhnert, Matthias and Arias‐Navarro, Cristina and Olesen, Jorgen E. and Chirinda, Ngonidzashe and Fornara, Dario and Wollenberg, Eva and Álvaro‐Fuentes, Jorge and Sanz‐Cobena, Alberto and Klumpp, Katja},\n doi = {10.1111/gcb.14815},\n journal = {Global Change Biology},\n number = {August}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Rainfall exclusion and thinning can alter the relationships between forest functioning and drought.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Gavinet, J.; Ourcival, J., M.; and Limousin, J., M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n New Phytologist, 223(3): 1267-1279. 2019.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Rainfall exclusion and thinning can alter the relationships between forest functioning and drought},\n type = {article},\n year = {2019},\n keywords = {FR_PUE},\n pages = {1267-1279},\n volume = {223},\n id = {66993698-ed80-3575-9ef9-c21f0f982082},\n created = {2019-10-30T11:21:27.333Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:48.822Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Gavinet2019},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Increasing drought caused by the ongoing climate change, and forest management by thinning that aims at mitigating its impact, may modify the current relationships between forest functions and drought intensity and preclude our ability to forecast future ecosystem responses. We used 15 yr of data from an experimental rainfall exclusion (−27% of rainfall) combined with thinning (−30% stand basal area) to investigate differences in the drought–function relationships for each component of above-ground net primary productivity (ANPP) and stand transpiration in a Mediterranean Quercus ilex stand. Rainfall exclusion reduced stand ANPP by 10%, mainly because of lowered leaf and acorn production, whereas wood production remained unaffected. These responses were consistent with the temporal sensitivity to drought among tree organs but revealed an increased allocation to wood. Thinning increased wood and acorn production and reduced the sensitivity of standing wood biomass change to drought. Rainfall exclusion and thinning lowered the intercept of the transpiration–drought relationship as a result of the structural constraints exerted by lower leaf and sapwood area. The results suggest that historical drought–function relationships can be used to infer future drought impacts on stand ANPP but not on water fluxes. Thinning can mitigate drought effects and reduce forest sensitivity to drought.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Gavinet, Jordane and Ourcival, Jean Marc and Limousin, Jean Marc},\n doi = {10.1111/nph.15860},\n journal = {New Phytologist},\n number = {3}\n}

\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n The physics and ecology of mining carbon dioxide from the atmosphere by ecosystems.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Baldocchi, D., D.; and Penuelas, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global Change Biology, 25(4): 1191-1197. 2019.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {The physics and ecology of mining carbon dioxide from the atmosphere by ecosystems},\n type = {article},\n year = {2019},\n keywords = {FR-Fon,FR-LBR,FR-Pue,FR_Gri,GF-Guy},\n pages = {1191-1197},\n volume = {25},\n id = {f1b5ea4b-cfe8-3172-b9b3-cc792c0000f7},\n created = {2019-12-19T11:03:54.485Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:48.306Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Baldocchi2019},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Reforesting and managing ecosystems have been proposed as ways to mitigate global warming and offset anthropogenic carbon emissions. The intent of our opinion piece is to provide a perspective on how well plants and ecosystems sequester carbon. The ability of individual plants and ecosystems to mine carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, as defined by rates and cumulative amounts, is limited by laws of physics and ecological principles. Consequently, the rates and amount of net carbon uptake are slow and low compared to the rates and amounts of carbon dioxide we release by fossil fuels combustion. Managing ecosystems to sequester carbon can also cause unintended consequences to arise. In this paper, we articulate a series of key take-home points. First, the potential amount of carbon an ecosystem can assimilate on an annual basis scales with absorbed sunlight, which varies with latitude, leaf area index and available water. Second, efforts to improve photosynthesis will come with the cost of more respiration. Third, the rates and amount of net carbon uptake are relatively slow and low, compared to the rates and amounts and rates of carbon dioxide we release by fossil fuels combustion. Fourth, huge amounts of land area for ecosystems will be needed to be an effective carbon sink to mitigate anthropogenic carbon emissions. Fifth, the effectiveness of using this land as a carbon sink will depend on its ability to remain as a permanent carbon sink. Sixth, converting land to forests or wetlands may have unintended costs that warm the local climate, such as changing albedo, increasing surface roughness or releasing other greenhouse gases. We based our analysis on 1,163 site-years of direct eddy covariance measurements of gross and net carbon fluxes from 155 sites across the globe.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Baldocchi, Dennis D. and Penuelas, Josep},\n doi = {10.1111/gcb.14559},\n journal = {Global Change Biology},\n number = {4}\n}

\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n The within-population variability of leaf spring and autumn phenology is influenced by temperature in temperate deciduous trees.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Denéchère, R.; Delpierre, N.; Apostol, E., N.; Berveiller, D.; Bonne, F.; Cole, E.; Delzon, S.; Dufrêne, E.; Gressler, E.; Jean, F.; Lebourgeois, F.; Liu, G.; Louvet, J., M.; Parmentier, J.; Soudani, K.; and Vincent, G.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Journal of Biometeorology. 2019.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {The within-population variability of leaf spring and autumn phenology is influenced by temperature in temperate deciduous trees},\n type = {article},\n year = {2019},\n keywords = {FR_FON},\n id = {23b13ec5-6bb8-3301-ae0f-c636bd2c6a3d},\n created = {2020-08-28T15:56:01.722Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:47.825Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Denechere2019},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Leaf phenology is a major driver of ecosystem functioning in temperate forests and a robust indicator of climate change. Both the inter-annual and inter-population variability of leaf phenology have received much attention in the literature; in contrast, the within-population variability of leaf phenology has been far less studied. Beyond its impact on individual tree physiological processes, the within-population variability of leaf phenology can affect the estimation of the average budburst or leaf senescence dates at the population scale. Here, we monitored the progress of spring and autumn leaf phenology over 14 tree populations (9 tree species) in six European forests over the period of 2011 to 2018 (yielding 16 site-years of data for spring, 14 for autumn). We monitored 27 to 512 (with a median of 62) individuals per population. We quantified the within-population variability of leaf phenology as the standard deviation of the distribution of individual dates of budburst or leaf senescence (SDBBi and SDLSi, respectively). Given the natural variability of phenological dates occurring in our tree populations, we estimated from the data that a minimum sample size of 28 (resp. 23) individuals, are required to estimate SDBBi (resp. SDLSi) with a precision of 3 (resp. 7) days. The within-population of leaf senescence (average SDLSi = 8.5 days) was on average two times larger than for budburst (average SDBBi = 4.0 days). We evidenced that warmer temperature during the budburst period and a late average budburst date were associated with a lower SDBBi, as a result of a quicker spread of budburst in tree populations, with a strong species effect. Regarding autumn phenology, we observed that later senescence and warm temperatures during the senescence period were linked with a high SDLSi, with a strong species effect. The shares of variance explained by our models were modest suggesting that other factors likely influence the within-population variation in leaf phenology. For instance, a detailed analysis revealed that summer temperatures were negatively correlated with a lower SDLSi.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Denéchère, Rémy and Delpierre, Nicolas and Apostol, Ecaterina Nicoleta and Berveiller, Daniel and Bonne, Fabrice and Cole, Ella and Delzon, Sylvain and Dufrêne, Eric and Gressler, Eliana and Jean, Frédéric and Lebourgeois, François and Liu, Guohua and Louvet, Jean Marc and Parmentier, Julien and Soudani, Kamel and Vincent, Gaëlle},\n doi = {10.1007/s00484-019-01762-6},\n journal = {International Journal of Biometeorology}\n}

\n\n\n

\n Leaf phenology is a major driver of ecosystem functioning in temperate forests and a robust indicator of climate change. Both the inter-annual and inter-population variability of leaf phenology have received much attention in the literature; in contrast, the within-population variability of leaf phenology has been far less studied. Beyond its impact on individual tree physiological processes, the within-population variability of leaf phenology can affect the estimation of the average budburst or leaf senescence dates at the population scale. Here, we monitored the progress of spring and autumn leaf phenology over 14 tree populations (9 tree species) in six European forests over the period of 2011 to 2018 (yielding 16 site-years of data for spring, 14 for autumn). We monitored 27 to 512 (with a median of 62) individuals per population. We quantified the within-population variability of leaf phenology as the standard deviation of the distribution of individual dates of budburst or leaf senescence (SDBBi and SDLSi, respectively). Given the natural variability of phenological dates occurring in our tree populations, we estimated from the data that a minimum sample size of 28 (resp. 23) individuals, are required to estimate SDBBi (resp. SDLSi) with a precision of 3 (resp. 7) days. The within-population of leaf senescence (average SDLSi = 8.5 days) was on average two times larger than for budburst (average SDBBi = 4.0 days). We evidenced that warmer temperature during the budburst period and a late average budburst date were associated with a lower SDBBi, as a result of a quicker spread of budburst in tree populations, with a strong species effect. Regarding autumn phenology, we observed that later senescence and warm temperatures during the senescence period were linked with a high SDLSi, with a strong species effect. The shares of variance explained by our models were modest suggesting that other factors likely influence the within-population variation in leaf phenology. For instance, a detailed analysis revealed that summer temperatures were negatively correlated with a lower SDLSi.\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Ability of a soil-vegetation-atmosphere transfer model and a two-source energy balance model to predict evapotranspiration for several crops and climate conditions.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Bigeard, G.; Coudert, B.; Chirouze, J.; Er-Raki, S.; Boulet, G.; Ceschia, E.; and Jarlan, L.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 23(12): 5033-5058. 2019.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Ability of a soil-vegetation-atmosphere transfer model and a two-source energy balance model to predict evapotranspiration for several crops and climate conditions},\n type = {article},\n year = {2019},\n pages = {5033-5058},\n volume = {23},\n id = {a2ac6a64-07cd-3ed6-8f13-043f81050700},\n created = {2020-08-28T15:56:02.428Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:47.914Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Bigeard2019},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The heterogeneity of Agroecosystems, in terms of hydric conditions, crop types and states, and meteorological forcing, is difficult to characterize precisely at the field scale over an agricultural landscape. This study aims to perform a sensitivity study with respect to the uncertain model inputs of two classical approaches used to map the evapotranspiration of agroecosystems: (1) a surface energy balance (SEB) model, the Two-Source Energy Balance (TSEB) model, forced with thermal infrared (TIR) data as a proxy for the crop hydric conditions, and (2) a soil-vegetation-atmosphere transfer (SVAT) model, the SEtHyS model, where hydric conditions are computed from a soil water budget. To this end, the models skill was compared using a large and unique in situ database covering different crops and climate conditions, which was acquired over three experimental sites in southern France and Morocco. On average, the models provide 30 min estimations of latent heat flux (LE) with a RMSE of around 55Wm-2 for TSEB and 47Wm-2 for SEtHyS, and estimations of sensible heat flux (H) with a RMSE of around 29Wm-2 for TSEB and 38Wm-2 for SEtHyS. A sensitivity analysis based on realistic errors aimed to estimate the potential decrease in performance induced by the spatialization process. For the SVAT model, the multi-objective calibration iterative procedure (MCIP) is used to determine and test different sets of parameters. TSEB is run with only one set of parameters and provides acceptable performance for all crop stages apart from the early growing season (LAI<0.2m2 m-2) and when hydric stress occurs. An in-depth study on the Priestley- Taylor key parameter highlights its marked diurnal cycle and the need to adjust its value to improve flux partitioning between the sensible and latent heat fluxes (1.5 and 1.25 for France and Morocco, respectively). Optimal values of 1.8-2 were highlighted under cloudy conditions, which is of particular interest due to the emergence of low-altitude drone acquisition. Under developed vegetation (LAI>0.8m2 m-2) and unstressed conditions, using sets of parameters that only differentiate crop types is a valuable trade-off for SEtHyS. This study provides some scientific elements regarding the joint use of both approaches and TIR imagery, via the development of new data assimilation and calibration strategies..},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Bigeard, Guillaume and Coudert, Benoit and Chirouze, Jonas and Er-Raki, Salah and Boulet, Gilles and Ceschia, Eric and Jarlan, Lionel},\n doi = {10.5194/hess-23-5033-2019},\n journal = {Hydrology and Earth System Sciences},\n number = {12},\n keywords = {FR_AUR,FR_LAM}\n}

\n\n\n

\n The heterogeneity of Agroecosystems, in terms of hydric conditions, crop types and states, and meteorological forcing, is difficult to characterize precisely at the field scale over an agricultural landscape. This study aims to perform a sensitivity study with respect to the uncertain model inputs of two classical approaches used to map the evapotranspiration of agroecosystems: (1) a surface energy balance (SEB) model, the Two-Source Energy Balance (TSEB) model, forced with thermal infrared (TIR) data as a proxy for the crop hydric conditions, and (2) a soil-vegetation-atmosphere transfer (SVAT) model, the SEtHyS model, where hydric conditions are computed from a soil water budget. To this end, the models skill was compared using a large and unique in situ database covering different crops and climate conditions, which was acquired over three experimental sites in southern France and Morocco. On average, the models provide 30 min estimations of latent heat flux (LE) with a RMSE of around 55Wm-2 for TSEB and 47Wm-2 for SEtHyS, and estimations of sensible heat flux (H) with a RMSE of around 29Wm-2 for TSEB and 38Wm-2 for SEtHyS. A sensitivity analysis based on realistic errors aimed to estimate the potential decrease in performance induced by the spatialization process. For the SVAT model, the multi-objective calibration iterative procedure (MCIP) is used to determine and test different sets of parameters. TSEB is run with only one set of parameters and provides acceptable performance for all crop stages apart from the early growing season (LAI<0.2m2 m-2) and when hydric stress occurs. An in-depth study on the Priestley- Taylor key parameter highlights its marked diurnal cycle and the need to adjust its value to improve flux partitioning between the sensible and latent heat fluxes (1.5 and 1.25 for France and Morocco, respectively). Optimal values of 1.8-2 were highlighted under cloudy conditions, which is of particular interest due to the emergence of low-altitude drone acquisition. Under developed vegetation (LAI>0.8m2 m-2) and unstressed conditions, using sets of parameters that only differentiate crop types is a valuable trade-off for SEtHyS. This study provides some scientific elements regarding the joint use of both approaches and TIR imagery, via the development of new data assimilation and calibration strategies..\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Observed and modelled historical trends in the water-use efficiency of plants and ecosystems.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Lavergne, A.; Graven, H.; De Kauwe, M., G.; Keenan, T., F.; Medlyn, B., E.; and Prentice, I., C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global Change Biology, 25(7): 2242-2257. 2019.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Observed and modelled historical trends in the water-use efficiency of plants and ecosystems},\n type = {article},\n year = {2019},\n keywords = {FR_HES,FR_LBR},\n pages = {2242-2257},\n volume = {25},\n id = {c8ba288b-c543-3cfb-ab2a-0ceb032b8252},\n created = {2021-01-25T09:01:47.028Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2021-02-04T15:01:52.947Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Lavergne2019},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Plant water-use efficiency (WUE, the carbon gained through photosynthesis per unit of water lost through transpiration) is a tracer of the plant physiological controls on the exchange of water and carbon dioxide between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere. At the leaf level, rising CO2 concentrations tend to increase carbon uptake (in the absence of other limitations) and to reduce stomatal conductance, both effects leading to an increase in leaf WUE. At the ecosystem level, indirect effects (e.g. increased leaf area index, soil water savings) may amplify or dampen the direct effect of CO2. Thus, the extent to which changes in leaf WUE translate to changes at the ecosystem scale remains unclear. The differences in the magnitude of increase in leaf versus ecosystem WUE as reported by several studies are much larger than would be expected with current understanding of tree physiology and scaling, indicating unresolved issues. Moreover, current vegetation models produce inconsistent and often unrealistic magnitudes and patterns of variability in leaf and ecosystem WUE, calling for a better assessment of the underlying approaches. Here, we review the causes of variations in observed and modelled historical trends in WUE over the continuum of scales from leaf to ecosystem, including methodological issues, with the aim of elucidating the reasons for discrepancies observed within and across spatial scales. We emphasize that even though physiological responses to changing environmental drivers should be interpreted differently depending on the observational scale, there are large uncertainties in each data set which are often underestimated. Assumptions made by the vegetation models about the main processes influencing WUE strongly impact the modelled historical trends. We provide recommendations for improving long-term observation-based estimates of WUE that will better inform the representation of WUE in vegetation models.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Lavergne, Aliénor and Graven, Heather and De Kauwe, Martin G. and Keenan, Trevor F. and Medlyn, Belinda E. and Prentice, Iain Colin},\n doi = {10.1111/gcb.14634},\n journal = {Global Change Biology},\n number = {7}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Intercomparison of Surface Albedo Retrievals from MISR, MODIS, CGLS Using Tower and Upscaled Tower Measurements.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Song, R.; Muller, J.; Kharbouche, S.; and Woodgate, W.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Remote Sensing, 11(6): 644. 2019.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Intercomparison of Surface Albedo Retrievals from MISR, MODIS, CGLS Using Tower and Upscaled Tower Measurements},\n type = {article},\n year = {2019},\n keywords = {FR_GRI,GF_GUY},\n pages = {644},\n volume = {11},\n id = {7afa0d45-08f7-3546-b562-84b4020307fd},\n created = {2021-02-05T10:33:17.227Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2021-03-02T15:39:01.880Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Song2019},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Surface albedo is of crucial interest in land–climate interaction studies, since it is a key parameter that affects the Earth’s radiation budget. The temporal and spatial variation of surface albedo can be retrieved from conventional satellite observations after a series of processes, including atmospheric correction to surface spectral bi-directional reflectance factor (BRF), bi-directional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) modelling using these BRFs, and, where required, narrow-to-broadband albedo conversions. This processing chain introduces errors that can be accumulated and then affect the accuracy of the retrieved albedo products. In this study, the albedo products derived from the multi-angle imaging spectroradiometer (MISR), moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) and the Copernicus Global Land Service (CGLS), based on the VEGETATION and now the PROBA-V sensors, are compared with albedometer and upscaled in situ measurements from 19 tower sites from the FLUXNET network, surface radiation budget network (SURFRAD) and Baseline Surface Radiation Network (BSRN) networks. The MISR sensor onboard the Terra satellite has 9 cameras at different view angles, which allows a near-simultaneous retrieval of surface albedo. Using a 16-day retrieval algorithm, the MODIS generates the daily albedo products (MCD43A) at a 500-m resolution. The CGLS albedo products are derived from the VEGETATION and PROBA-V, and updated every 10 days using a weighted 30-day window. We describe a newly developed method to derive the two types of albedo, which are directional hemispherical reflectance (DHR) and bi-hemispherical reflectance (BHR), directly from three tower-measured variables of shortwave radiation: downwelling, upwelling and diffuse shortwave radiation. In the validation process, the MISR, MODIS and CGLS-derived albedos (DHR and BHR) are first compared with tower measured albedos, using pixel-to-point analysis, between 2012 to 2016. The tower measured point albedos are then upscaled to coarse-resolution albedos, based on atmospherically corrected BRFs from high-resolution Earth observation (HR-EO) data, alongside MODIS BRDF climatology from a larger area. Then a pixel-to-pixel comparison is performed between DHR and BHR retrieved from coarse-resolution satellite observations and DHR and BHR upscaled from accurate tower measurements. The experimental results are presented on exploring the parameter space associated with land cover type, heterogeneous vs. homogeneous and instantaneous vs. time composite retrievals of surface albedo.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Song, Rui and Muller, Jan-Peter and Kharbouche, Said and Woodgate, William},\n doi = {10.3390/rs11060644},\n journal = {Remote Sensing},\n number = {6}\n}

\n\n\n

\n Surface albedo is of crucial interest in land–climate interaction studies, since it is a key parameter that affects the Earth’s radiation budget. The temporal and spatial variation of surface albedo can be retrieved from conventional satellite observations after a series of processes, including atmospheric correction to surface spectral bi-directional reflectance factor (BRF), bi-directional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) modelling using these BRFs, and, where required, narrow-to-broadband albedo conversions. This processing chain introduces errors that can be accumulated and then affect the accuracy of the retrieved albedo products. In this study, the albedo products derived from the multi-angle imaging spectroradiometer (MISR), moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) and the Copernicus Global Land Service (CGLS), based on the VEGETATION and now the PROBA-V sensors, are compared with albedometer and upscaled in situ measurements from 19 tower sites from the FLUXNET network, surface radiation budget network (SURFRAD) and Baseline Surface Radiation Network (BSRN) networks. The MISR sensor onboard the Terra satellite has 9 cameras at different view angles, which allows a near-simultaneous retrieval of surface albedo. Using a 16-day retrieval algorithm, the MODIS generates the daily albedo products (MCD43A) at a 500-m resolution. The CGLS albedo products are derived from the VEGETATION and PROBA-V, and updated every 10 days using a weighted 30-day window. We describe a newly developed method to derive the two types of albedo, which are directional hemispherical reflectance (DHR) and bi-hemispherical reflectance (BHR), directly from three tower-measured variables of shortwave radiation: downwelling, upwelling and diffuse shortwave radiation. In the validation process, the MISR, MODIS and CGLS-derived albedos (DHR and BHR) are first compared with tower measured albedos, using pixel-to-point analysis, between 2012 to 2016. The tower measured point albedos are then upscaled to coarse-resolution albedos, based on atmospherically corrected BRFs from high-resolution Earth observation (HR-EO) data, alongside MODIS BRDF climatology from a larger area. Then a pixel-to-pixel comparison is performed between DHR and BHR retrieved from coarse-resolution satellite observations and DHR and BHR upscaled from accurate tower measurements. The experimental results are presented on exploring the parameter space associated with land cover type, heterogeneous vs. homogeneous and instantaneous vs. time composite retrievals of surface albedo.\n

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\n \n 2018\n \n \n (36)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n MODIS-derived EVI, NDVI and WDRVI time series to estimate phenological metrics in French deciduous forests.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Testa, S.; Soudani, K.; Boschetti, L.; and Borgogno Mondino, E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 64(August 2017): 132-144. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"MODIS-derived$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {MODIS-derived EVI, NDVI and WDRVI time series to estimate phenological metrics in French deciduous forests},\n type = {article},\n year = {2018},\n keywords = {EVI,Forest phenology,MODIS time series,NDVI,WDRVI},\n pages = {132-144},\n volume = {64},\n websites = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S030324341730171X},\n publisher = {Elsevier},\n id = {be45183c-330e-3471-a038-7ff396ba36be},\n created = {2017-10-24T09:07:16.971Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:48.784Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Testa2018},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Testa, S. and Soudani, K. and Boschetti, L. and Borgogno Mondino, E.},\n doi = {10.1016/j.jag.2017.08.006},\n journal = {International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation},\n number = {August 2017}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Modelling daily to seasonal carbon fluxes and annual net ecosystem carbon balance of cereal grain-cropland using DailyDayCent: A model data comparison.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Senapati, N.; Chabbi, A.; and Smith, P.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 252(November 2017): 159-177. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Modelling$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Modelling daily to seasonal carbon fluxes and annual net ecosystem carbon balance of cereal grain-cropland using DailyDayCent: A model data comparison},\n type = {article},\n year = {2018},\n keywords = {FR_LUS},\n pages = {159-177},\n volume = {252},\n websites = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2017.10.003},\n publisher = {Elsevier},\n id = {304792e5-b372-34b6-ba0d-013b674af7cc},\n created = {2017-12-15T14:37:17.028Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:46.975Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Senapati2018},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Croplands are important not only for food and fibre, but also for their global climate change mitigation and carbon (C) sequestration potentials. Measurements and modelling of daily C fluxes and annual C balance, which are needed for optimizing such global potentials in croplands, are difficult since many measurements, and the correct simulation of different ecosystem processes are needed. In the present study, a biogeochemical ecosystem model (DailyDayCent) was applied to simulate daily to seasonal C fluxes, as well as annual net ecosystem carbon balance (NECB), in a cereal grain-cropland. The model was tested using eddy-flux data and other associated C flux measurements lasting for three years over a full cereal crop-rotation (corn-wheat-barley) from a long-term experiment (SOERE–ACBB; http://www.soere-acbb.com) in France. DailyDayCent simulated seasonal crop growth, regrowth of volunteers and cumulative net primary production (NPP) at harvest successfully. Fairly consistent agreement was obtained between measured and modelled daily NPP over the full crop rotation, with model efficiency (EF) of 0.59. The model underestimated heterotrophic respiration (Rh) on daily, seasonal and annual time scales by 43–53%. Although a reasonable model fit was found for daily NEE over the entire experimental period (EF ∼ 0.47), the model overestimated cumulative annual net C uptake (NEE) by 28 times. DailyDayCent simulated net C harvest efficiently, and the leaching loss of C reasonably well. Both the modelled and measured mean annual NECB indicate that present cereal grain-cropland is a net C source and the cropland is losing C at a mean annual rate of 64.0 (modelled) to 349.4 g C m−2yr−1(measured), thus the model overestimated mean annual NECB (or underestimated mean annual net C loss) in the present cropland by 82%. We conclude that overestimation of cumulative NEE on seasonal and annual time scales is the most likely reason for overestimation of NECB, and underestimation of Rhwas the main driver for overestimation of cumulative seasonal and annual NEE. The model would benefit from further testing, particularly against direct measurements of Rh, and subsequent calibration, parameter estimation and model development for improving its ability to simulate Rhon daily to seasonal and annul time scales, cumulative seasonal and annual NEE, and net C balance, especially in cereal grain-croplands in the study region.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Senapati, Nimai and Chabbi, Abad and Smith, Pete},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agee.2017.10.003},\n journal = {Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment},\n number = {November 2017}\n}

\n\n\n

\n Croplands are important not only for food and fibre, but also for their global climate change mitigation and carbon (C) sequestration potentials. Measurements and modelling of daily C fluxes and annual C balance, which are needed for optimizing such global potentials in croplands, are difficult since many measurements, and the correct simulation of different ecosystem processes are needed. In the present study, a biogeochemical ecosystem model (DailyDayCent) was applied to simulate daily to seasonal C fluxes, as well as annual net ecosystem carbon balance (NECB), in a cereal grain-cropland. The model was tested using eddy-flux data and other associated C flux measurements lasting for three years over a full cereal crop-rotation (corn-wheat-barley) from a long-term experiment (SOERE–ACBB; http://www.soere-acbb.com) in France. DailyDayCent simulated seasonal crop growth, regrowth of volunteers and cumulative net primary production (NPP) at harvest successfully. Fairly consistent agreement was obtained between measured and modelled daily NPP over the full crop rotation, with model efficiency (EF) of 0.59. The model underestimated heterotrophic respiration (Rh) on daily, seasonal and annual time scales by 43–53%. Although a reasonable model fit was found for daily NEE over the entire experimental period (EF ∼ 0.47), the model overestimated cumulative annual net C uptake (NEE) by 28 times. DailyDayCent simulated net C harvest efficiently, and the leaching loss of C reasonably well. Both the modelled and measured mean annual NECB indicate that present cereal grain-cropland is a net C source and the cropland is losing C at a mean annual rate of 64.0 (modelled) to 349.4 g C m−2yr−1(measured), thus the model overestimated mean annual NECB (or underestimated mean annual net C loss) in the present cropland by 82%. We conclude that overestimation of cumulative NEE on seasonal and annual time scales is the most likely reason for overestimation of NECB, and underestimation of Rhwas the main driver for overestimation of cumulative seasonal and annual NEE. The model would benefit from further testing, particularly against direct measurements of Rh, and subsequent calibration, parameter estimation and model development for improving its ability to simulate Rhon daily to seasonal and annul time scales, cumulative seasonal and annual NEE, and net C balance, especially in cereal grain-croplands in the study region.\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n On the predictability of land surface fluxes from meteorological variables.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Haughton, N.; Abramowitz, G.; and Pitman, A., J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Geoscientific Model Development, 11(1): 195-212. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"On$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {On the predictability of land surface fluxes from meteorological variables},\n type = {article},\n year = {2018},\n pages = {195-212},\n volume = {11},\n websites = {https://www.geosci-model-dev.net/11/195/2018/},\n id = {09064e30-9c08-3f37-9fb6-9a6f65bc11b3},\n created = {2018-02-23T13:57:50.236Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:47.244Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Haughton2018a},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Haughton, N and Abramowitz, G and Pitman, A J},\n doi = {10.5194/gmd-11-195-2018},\n journal = {Geoscientific Model Development},\n number = {1},\n keywords = {FR_HES}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n A novel correction for biases in forest eddy covariance carbon balance.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Hayek, M., N.; Wehr, R.; Longo, M.; Hutyra, L., R.; Wiedemann, K.; Munger, J., W.; Bonal, D.; Saleska, S., R.; Fitzjarrald, D., R.; and Wofsy, S., C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 250-251(July 2017): 90-101. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"A$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {A novel correction for biases in forest eddy covariance carbon balance},\n type = {article},\n year = {2018},\n keywords = {GF_GUY},\n pages = {90-101},\n volume = {250-251},\n websites = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2017.12.186},\n publisher = {Elsevier},\n id = {3bb08383-3ce5-3ddd-b033-81375ea40b03},\n created = {2018-03-20T13:57:56.045Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:47.724Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Hayek2018},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Systematic biases in eddy covariance measurements of net ecosystem-atmosphere carbon dioxide exchange (NEE) are ubiquitous in forests when turbulence is low at night. We propose an alternative to the conventional bias correction, the friction velocity (u*) filter, by hypothesizing that these biases have two separate, concurrent causes: (1) a subcanopy CO2storage pool that eludes typical storage measurements, creating a turbulence-dependent bias, and (2) advective divergence loss of CO2, creating a turbulence-independent bias. We correct for (1) using a simple parametric model of missing storage (MS). Prior experiments have inferred (2) directly from atmospheric measurements (DRAINO). For sites at which DRAINO experiments have not been performed or are infeasible, we estimate (2) empirically using a PAR-extrapolated advective respiration loss (PEARL) approach. We compare u*filter estimates of advection and NEE to MS-PEARL estimates at one temperate forest and two tropical forest sites. We find that for tropical forests, u*filters can produce a range of extreme NEE estimates, from long-term forest carbon emission to sequestration, that diverge from independent assessments and are not physically sustainable. Our MS model eliminates the dependence of nighttime NEE on u*, consistent with findings from DRAINO studies that nighttime advective losses of CO2are often not dependent on the strength of turbulence. Our PEARL estimates of mean advective loss agree with available DRAINO measurements. The MS-PEARL correction to long-term NEE produces better agreement with forest inventories at all three sites. Moreover, the correction retains all nighttime eddy covariance data and is therefore more widely applicable than the u*filter approach, which rejects substantial nighttime data—up to 93% at one of the tropical sites. The full MS-PEARL NEE correction is therefore an equally defensible and more practical alternative to the u*filter, but leads to different conclusions about the resulting carbon balance. Our results therefore highlight the need to investigate which approach's underlying hypotheses are more physically realistic.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Hayek, Matthew N. and Wehr, Richard and Longo, Marcos and Hutyra, Lucy R. and Wiedemann, Kenia and Munger, J. William and Bonal, Damien and Saleska, Scott R. and Fitzjarrald, David R. and Wofsy, Steven C.},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agrformet.2017.12.186},\n journal = {Agricultural and Forest Meteorology},\n number = {July 2017}\n}

\n\n\n

\n Systematic biases in eddy covariance measurements of net ecosystem-atmosphere carbon dioxide exchange (NEE) are ubiquitous in forests when turbulence is low at night. We propose an alternative to the conventional bias correction, the friction velocity (u*) filter, by hypothesizing that these biases have two separate, concurrent causes: (1) a subcanopy CO2storage pool that eludes typical storage measurements, creating a turbulence-dependent bias, and (2) advective divergence loss of CO2, creating a turbulence-independent bias. We correct for (1) using a simple parametric model of missing storage (MS). Prior experiments have inferred (2) directly from atmospheric measurements (DRAINO). For sites at which DRAINO experiments have not been performed or are infeasible, we estimate (2) empirically using a PAR-extrapolated advective respiration loss (PEARL) approach. We compare u*filter estimates of advection and NEE to MS-PEARL estimates at one temperate forest and two tropical forest sites. We find that for tropical forests, u*filters can produce a range of extreme NEE estimates, from long-term forest carbon emission to sequestration, that diverge from independent assessments and are not physically sustainable. Our MS model eliminates the dependence of nighttime NEE on u*, consistent with findings from DRAINO studies that nighttime advective losses of CO2are often not dependent on the strength of turbulence. Our PEARL estimates of mean advective loss agree with available DRAINO measurements. The MS-PEARL correction to long-term NEE produces better agreement with forest inventories at all three sites. Moreover, the correction retains all nighttime eddy covariance data and is therefore more widely applicable than the u*filter approach, which rejects substantial nighttime data—up to 93% at one of the tropical sites. The full MS-PEARL NEE correction is therefore an equally defensible and more practical alternative to the u*filter, but leads to different conclusions about the resulting carbon balance. Our results therefore highlight the need to investigate which approach's underlying hypotheses are more physically realistic.\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n What drives long-term variations in carbon flux and balance in a tropical rainforest in French Guiana?.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Aguilos, M.; Hérault, B.; Burban, B.; Wagner, F.; and Bonal, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 253-254(March 2017): 114-123. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"What$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {What drives long-term variations in carbon flux and balance in a tropical rainforest in French Guiana?},\n type = {article},\n year = {2018},\n keywords = {GF_GUY},\n pages = {114-123},\n volume = {253-254},\n websites = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0168192318300595},\n publisher = {Elsevier},\n id = {439f17cd-aa54-3f01-9465-851aebeea75d},\n created = {2018-03-20T13:57:56.065Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:48.642Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Aguilos2018},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Aguilos, Maricar and Hérault, Bruno and Burban, Benoit and Wagner, Fabien and Bonal, Damien},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agrformet.2018.02.009},\n journal = {Agricultural and Forest Meteorology},\n number = {March 2017}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Ozone flux in plant ecosystems: new opportunities for long-term monitoring networks to deliver ozone-risk assessments.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Fares, S.; Conte, A.; and Chabbi, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 25(9): 8240-8248. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Ozone flux in plant ecosystems: new opportunities for long-term monitoring networks to deliver ozone-risk assessments},\n type = {article},\n year = {2018},\n keywords = {Carbon fluxes,Eddy covariance,Monitoring networks,Ozone flux,Ozone-risk assessment,Plant damage},\n pages = {8240-8248},\n volume = {25},\n publisher = {Environmental Science and Pollution Research},\n id = {4de8c18a-6f9e-34e0-a097-307fb433598c},\n created = {2018-04-05T15:07:50.604Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:48.645Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Fares2018},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Ozone (O3) is a photochemically formed reactive gas responsible for a decreasing carbon assimilation in plant ecosystems. Present in the atmosphere in trace concentrations (less than 100 ppbv), this molecule is capable of inhibiting carbon assimilation in agricultural and forest ecosystems. Ozone-risk assessments are typically based on manipulative experiments. Present regulations regarding critical ozone levels are mostly based on an estimated accumulated exposure over a given threshold concentration. There is however a scientific consensus over flux estimates being more accurate, because they include plant physiology analyses and different environmental parameters that control the uptake—that is, not just the exposure—of O3. While O3 is a lot more difficult to measure than other non-reactive greenhouse gases, UV-based and chemiluminescence sensors enable precise and fast measurements and are therefore highly desirable for eddy covariance studies. Using micrometeorological techniques in association with latent heat flux measurements in the field allows for the partition of ozone fluxes into the stomatal and non-stomatal sinks along the soil-plant continuum. Long-term eddy covariance measurements represent a key opportunity in estimating carbon assimilation at high-temporal resolutions, in an effort to study the effect of climate change on photosynthetic mechanisms. Our aim in this work is to describe potential of O3 flux measurement at the canopy level for ozone-risk assessment in established long-term monitoring networks. © 2017 Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Fares, Silvano and Conte, Adriano and Chabbi, Abad},\n doi = {10.1007/s11356-017-0352-0},\n journal = {Environmental Science and Pollution Research},\n number = {9}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Impact of parameterization choices on the restitution of ozone deposition over vegetation.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Le Morvan-Quéméner, A.; Coll, I.; Kammer, J.; Lamaud, E.; Loubet, B.; Personne, E.; and Stella, P.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Atmospheric Environment, 178(December 2017): 49-65. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Impact$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Impact of parameterization choices on the restitution of ozone deposition over vegetation},\n type = {article},\n year = {2018},\n keywords = {FR_GRI,FR_HES,FR_LBR,FR_LUS},\n pages = {49-65},\n volume = {178},\n websites = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.01.003},\n publisher = {Elsevier},\n id = {f75969b7-f670-3084-a37a-566013a19730},\n created = {2018-04-11T16:18:47.064Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:48.199Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {LeMorvan-Quemener2018},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Ozone is a potentially phyto-toxic air pollutant, which can cause leaf damage and drastically alter crop yields, causing serious economic losses around the world. The VULNOZ (VULNerability to OZone in Anthropised Ecosystems) project is a biology and modeling project that aims to understand how plants respond to the stress of high ozone concentrations, then use a set of models to (i) predict the impact of ozone on plant growth, (ii) represent ozone deposition fluxes to vegetation, and finally (iii) estimate the economic consequences of an increasing ozone background the future. In this work, as part of the VULNOZ project, an innovative representation of ozone deposition to vegetation was developed and implemented in the CHIMERE regional chemistry-transport model. This type of model calculates the average amount of ozone deposited on a parcel each hour, as well as the integrated amount of ozone deposited to the surface at the regional or country level. Our new approach was based on a refinement of the representation of crop types in the model and the use of empirical parameters specific to each crop category. The results obtained were compared with a conventional ozone deposition modeling approach, and evaluated against observations from several agricultural areas in France. They showed that a better representation of the distribution between stomatal and non-stomatal ozone fluxes was obtained in the empirical approach, and they allowed us to produce a new estimate of the total amount of ozone deposited on the subtypes of vegetation at the national level.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Le Morvan-Quéméner, Aurélie and Coll, Isabelle and Kammer, Julien and Lamaud, Eric and Loubet, Benjamin and Personne, Erwan and Stella, Patrick},\n doi = {10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.01.003},\n journal = {Atmospheric Environment},\n number = {December 2017}\n}

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\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Does predictability of fluxes vary between FLUXNET sites?.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Haughton, N.; Abramowitz, G.; De Kauwe, M., G.; and Pitman, A., J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeosciences Discussions, (April): 1-32. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Does$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Does predictability of fluxes vary between FLUXNET sites?},\n type = {article},\n year = {2018},\n pages = {1-32},\n websites = {https://www.biogeosciences-discuss.net/bg-2018-179/},\n id = {cc375c26-75fd-39b2-8799-87c6422c4426},\n created = {2018-04-24T13:09:54.895Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:47.734Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Haughton2018},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The FLUXNET dataset contains eddy covariance measurements from across the globe, and represents an invaluable estimate of the fluxes of energy, water and carbon between the land surface and the atmosphere. While there is an expectation that the broad range of site characteristics in FLUXNET result in a diversity of flux behaviour, there has been little exploration of how predictable site behaviour is across the network. Aside from intrinsic interest in this fundamental question, understanding site predictability would be useful for land surface model (LSM) evaluation in setting a priori expectations of model performance. It would also provide a clear rationale for selecting particular FLUXNET sites for model development, evaluation and benchmarking. Here, 155 datasets with 30 minute temporal resolution from the Tier 1 of FLUXNET2015 were analysed in a first attempt to assess individual site predictability. Predictability was defined using the disparity between the ability to simulate fluxes at a site given specific knowledge of the site, and the ability to simulate fluxes given general land surface specifications. We then examined predictability using performance metrics including RMSE, correlation, and probability density overlap, and defined site uniqueness as the disparity between multiple empirical models trained globally and locally for each site. A number of hypotheses potentially explaining site predictability were then tested, including climatology, data quality and site characteristics. We found very few clear predictors of uniqueness across different sites including little evidence that flux behaviour is well discretised by vegetation types. While this result might relate to our definition of uniqueness, we argue that our approach is sound and provides a useful basis for site selection in LSM evaluation.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Haughton, Ned and Abramowitz, Gab and De Kauwe, Martin G. and Pitman, Andy J.},\n doi = {10.5194/bg-2018-179},\n journal = {Biogeosciences Discussions},\n number = {April},\n keywords = {FR_Fon,FR_Gri,FR_LBR,FR_PUE,GF-GUY}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n How does the terrestrial carbon exchange respond to interannual climatic variations? A quantification based on atmospheric CO2 data.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Rödenbeck, C.; Zaehle, S.; Keeling, R.; and Heimann, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeosciences Discussions, (January): 1-22. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"How$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {How does the terrestrial carbon exchange respond to interannual climatic variations? A quantification based on atmospheric CO2 data},\n type = {article},\n year = {2018},\n pages = {1-22},\n websites = {https://www.biogeosciences-discuss.net/bg-2018-34/},\n id = {f865a967-63a7-38e1-8892-1497730bf7f8},\n created = {2018-04-24T13:09:54.911Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:47.669Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Rodenbeck2018},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The response of the terrestrial Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) of CO2 to climate variations and trends may crucially determine the future climate trajectory. Here we directly quantify this response on interannual time scales, by building a linear regression of interannual NEE anomalies against observed air temperature anomalies into an atmospheric inverse calculation based on long-term atmospheric CO2 observations. This allows us to estimate the sensitivity of NEE to interannual variations in temperature (seen as climate proxy) resolved in space and with season. As this sensitivity comprises both direct temperature effects and effects of other climate variables co-varying with temperature, we interpret it as interannual climate sensitivity. We find distinct seasonal patterns of this sensitivity in the northern extratropics, that are consistent with the expected seasonal responses of photosynthesis, respiration, and fire. Within uncertainties, these sensitivity patterns are consistent with independent inferrences from eddy covariance data. On large spatial scales, northern extratropical as well as tropical interannual NEE variations inferred from the NEE-T regression are very similar to the estimates of an atmospheric inversion with explicit interannual degrees of freedom. The results of this study can be used to benchmark ecosystem process models, to gap-fill or extrapolate observational records, or to separate interannual variations from longer-term trends.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Rödenbeck, Christian and Zaehle, Sönke and Keeling, Ralph and Heimann, Martin},\n doi = {10.5194/bg-2018-34},\n journal = {Biogeosciences Discussions},\n number = {January},\n keywords = {FR_LBR,FR_PUE,GF_GUY}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Greenhouse gas fluxes over managed grasslands in Central Europe.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Hörtnagl, L.; Barthel, M.; Buchmann, N.; Eugster, W.; Butterbach-Bahl, K.; Díaz-Pinés, E.; Zeeman, M.; Klumpp, K.; Kiese, R.; Bahn, M.; Hammerle, A.; Lu, H.; Ladreiter-Knauss, T.; Burri, S.; and Merbold, L.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global Change Biology, 24(5): 1843-1872. 5 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Greenhouse$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Greenhouse gas fluxes over managed grasslands in Central Europe},\n type = {article},\n year = {2018},\n keywords = {FR_LQ1,FR_LQ2},\n pages = {1843-1872},\n volume = {24},\n websites = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/gcb.14079},\n month = {5},\n id = {62eefab2-dff2-3f9b-9e30-ddd92732ddcc},\n created = {2018-04-26T07:45:56.956Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:48.458Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Hortnagl2018},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Hörtnagl, Lukas and Barthel, Matti and Buchmann, Nina and Eugster, Werner and Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus and Díaz-Pinés, Eugenio and Zeeman, Matthias and Klumpp, Katja and Kiese, Ralf and Bahn, Michael and Hammerle, Albin and Lu, Haiyan and Ladreiter-Knauss, Thomas and Burri, Susanne and Merbold, Lutz},\n doi = {10.1111/gcb.14079},\n journal = {Global Change Biology},\n number = {5}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Seasonal time-course of the above ground biomass production efficiency in beech trees (Fagus sylvatica L.).\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Heid, L.; Calvaruso, C.; Andrianantenaina, A.; Granier, A.; Conil, S.; Rathgeber, C., B., K.; Turpault, M.; and Longdoz, B.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Annals of Forest Science, 75(1): 31. 3 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Seasonal$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Seasonal time-course of the above ground biomass production efficiency in beech trees (Fagus sylvatica L.)},\n type = {article},\n year = {2018},\n keywords = {FR_MRS},\n pages = {31},\n volume = {75},\n websites = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s13595-018-0707-9},\n month = {3},\n publisher = {Annals of Forest Science},\n day = {8},\n id = {3e996040-8266-3171-9328-2879b65ea2a8},\n created = {2018-04-26T07:45:57.004Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:47.095Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Heid2018},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Heid, Laura and Calvaruso, Christophe and Andrianantenaina, Anjy and Granier, André and Conil, Sébastien and Rathgeber, Cyrille B K and Turpault, Marie-pierre and Longdoz, Bernard},\n doi = {10.1007/s13595-018-0707-9},\n journal = {Annals of Forest Science},\n number = {1}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Predicting water balance of wheat and crop rotations with a simple model: AqYield.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Tribouillois, H.; Constantin, J.; Willaume, M.; Brut, A.; Ceschia, E.; Tallec, T.; Beaudoin, N.; and Therond, O.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 262(July): 412-422. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Predicting$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Predicting water balance of wheat and crop rotations with a simple model: AqYield},\n type = {article},\n year = {2018},\n keywords = {FR_AUR,FR_LAM},\n pages = {412-422},\n volume = {262},\n websites = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2018.07.026},\n publisher = {Elsevier},\n id = {87d2542d-e0ba-3033-bbc7-aaa51a5daee5},\n created = {2018-10-04T07:52:29.590Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:47.162Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Tribouillois2018},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Designing cropping systems that are well-adapted to water-limited conditions is one challenge of adapting agriculture to climate change. It requires estimating impacts of current and future cropping practices on crop water use and water resource availability in agricultural areas. Crop models such as AqYield are useful tools for evaluating effects of climate, soil and crop practices on evapotranspiration (ET) and drainage that directly impact soil available water (AW). AqYield is a simple model with few input data that has already been satisfactory evaluated for spring crops in southwestern France. Our main objective was to evaluate the ability of AqYield to predict components of soil water balance at the field level for crop rotations. First, we calibrated and evaluated AqYield predictions for winter wheat in France under a wide range of contrasting climatic and soil conditions. Fifty experimental situations (site × year × management) were chosen for calibration. AqYield was evaluated (i) for winter wheat in nine experimental situations, using daily drainage and ET data, and (ii) for two crop rotations on two fields with 7-years of continuous measurements of daily ET flux. During calibration, AqYield predicted soil AW in the contrasting situations with a model efficiency of 0.83, in the same range of accuracy as those of other widely published models. AqYield also predicted ET accurately from calibration and validation datasets, with a model efficiency of 0.84 and 0.69, respectively, for monthly ET. AqYield predicted daily and monthly drainage less accurately, although the range of drainage during the cropping period was predicted well. At the crop-rotation scale, AqYield yielded acceptable predictions of ET for contrasting climate conditions and crops. Whereas AqYield is simple and requires only a few input data, it accurately predicted ET of cropping systems. It therefore could be useful as a module in more complex modeling approaches.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Tribouillois, H. and Constantin, J. and Willaume, M. and Brut, A. and Ceschia, Eric and Tallec, T. and Beaudoin, N. and Therond, O.},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agrformet.2018.07.026},\n journal = {Agricultural and Forest Meteorology},\n number = {July}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Disentangling the rates of carbonyl sulfide (COS) production and consumption and their dependency on soil properties across biomes and land use types.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Kaisermann, A.; Ogée, J.; Sauze, J.; Wohl, S.; Jones, S., P.; Gutierrez, A.; and Wingate, L.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 18(13): 9425-9440. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Disentangling the rates of carbonyl sulfide (COS) production and consumption and their dependency on soil properties across biomes and land use types},\n type = {article},\n year = {2018},\n pages = {9425-9440},\n volume = {18},\n id = {4189d38a-20eb-3edf-b179-92e213790289},\n created = {2018-11-02T13:42:50.794Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:48.298Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Kaisermann2018},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Soils both emit and consume the trace gas carbonyl sulphide (COS) leading to a soil-air COS exchange rate that is the net result of two opposing fluxes. Partitioning these two gross fluxes and understanding their drivers are necessary to estimate the contribution of soils to the current and future atmospheric budget of COS. Previous efforts to disentangle the gross COS fluxes from soils have used flux measurements on air-dried soils as a proxy for the COS emission rates of moist soils. However, this method implicitly assumes that COS uptake becomes negligible and COS emission remains steady while soils are drying. We tested this assumption by estimating simultaneously the soil COS sources and sinks and their temperature sensitivity (Q10) from soil-air COS flux measurements on fresh soils at different COS concentrations and two soil temperatures. Measurements were performed on 27 European soils from different biomes and land use types in order to obtain a large range of physical-chemical properties and identify the drivers of COS consumption and production rates. We found that COS production rates from moist and air-dried soils were not significantly different for a given soil and that the COS production rates had Q10 values (3.96 ± 3.94) that were larger and more variable than the Q10 for COS consumption (1.17 ± 0.27). COS production generally contributed less to the net flux that was dominated by gross COS consumption but this contribution of COS production increased rapidly at higher temperature, lower soil moisture and lower COS concentrations. Consequently, measurements at higher COS concentrations (viz. 1000 ppt) always increased the robustness of COS consumption estimates. Across the range of biomes and land use types, COS production rates co-varied with total soil nitrogen (r = 0.68, P r = 0.64, P},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Kaisermann, Aurore and Ogée, Jérôme and Sauze, Joana and Wohl, Steven and Jones, Sam P. and Gutierrez, Ana and Wingate, Lisa},\n doi = {10.5194/acp-18-9425-2018},\n journal = {Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics},\n number = {13},\n keywords = {FR-LQ2,FR_HES,FR_LQ1}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Verification of Land–Atmosphere Coupling in Forecast Models, Reanalyses, and Land Surface Models Using Flux Site Observations.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Dirmeyer, P., A.; Chen, L.; Wu, J.; Shin, C.; Huang, B.; Cash, B., A.; Bosilovich, M., G.; Mahanama, S.; Koster, R., D.; Santanello, J., A.; Ek, M., B.; Balsamo, G.; Dutra, E.; and Lawrence, D., M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Hydrometeorology, 19(2): 375-392. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Verification$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Verification of Land–Atmosphere Coupling in Forecast Models, Reanalyses, and Land Surface Models Using Flux Site Observations},\n type = {article},\n year = {2018},\n pages = {375-392},\n volume = {19},\n websites = {http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/10.1175/JHM-D-17-0152.1},\n id = {152e79b8-0d72-3fbc-a1b7-7baf84016867},\n created = {2018-11-05T10:19:02.326Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:46.829Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Dirmeyer2018},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {AbstractThis study compares four model systems in three configurations (LSM, LSM + GCM, and reanalysis) with global flux tower observations to validate states, surface fluxes, and coupling indices between land and atmosphere. Models clearly underrepresent the feedback of surface fluxes on boundary layer properties (the atmospheric leg of land–atmosphere coupling) and may overrepresent the connection between soil moisture and surface fluxes (the terrestrial leg). Models generally underrepresent spatial and temporal variability relative to observations, which is at least partially an artifact of the differences in spatial scale between model grid boxes and flux tower footprints. All models bias high in near-surface humidity and downward shortwave radiation, struggle to represent precipitation accurately, and show serious problems in reproducing surface albedos. These errors create challenges for models to partition surface energy properly, and errors are traceable through the surface energy and water cycles...},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Dirmeyer, Paul A. and Chen, Liang and Wu, Jiexia and Shin, Chul-Su and Huang, Bohua and Cash, Benjamin A. and Bosilovich, Michael G. and Mahanama, Sarith and Koster, Randal D. and Santanello, Joseph A. and Ek, Michael B. and Balsamo, Gianpaolo and Dutra, Emanuel and Lawrence, David M.},\n doi = {10.1175/JHM-D-17-0152.1},\n journal = {Journal of Hydrometeorology},\n number = {2},\n keywords = {FLUXNET2015,FR_FON,FR_GRI,FR_LBR,FR_PUE,GF_GUY}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n An Evaluation of Semiempirical Models for Partitioning Photosynthetically Active Radiation Into Diffuse and Direct Beam Components.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Oliphant, A., J.; and Stoy, P., C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 123(3): 889-901. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {An Evaluation of Semiempirical Models for Partitioning Photosynthetically Active Radiation Into Diffuse and Direct Beam Components},\n type = {article},\n year = {2018},\n keywords = {FR_AUR,FR_FON,FR_GRI,FR_HES,FR_LAM,FR_LBR,FR_PUE},\n pages = {889-901},\n volume = {123},\n id = {81e831d8-c332-3523-9267-12345cc17712},\n created = {2019-01-31T10:58:09.059Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:47.781Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Oliphant2018},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {©2018. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. Photosynthesis is more efficient under diffuse than direct beam photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) per unit PAR, but diffuse PAR is infrequently measured at research sites. We examine four commonly used semiempirical models (Erbs et al., 1982, https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-092X(82)90302-4; Gu et al., 1999, https://doi.org/10.1029/1999JD901068; Roderick, 1999, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1923(99)00028-3; Weiss & Norman, 1985, https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1923(85)90020-6) that partition PAR into diffuse and direct beam components based on the negative relationship between atmospheric transparency and scattering of PAR. Radiation observations at 58 sites (140 site years) from the La Thuille FLUXNET data set were used for model validation and coefficient testing. All four models did a reasonable job of predicting the diffuse fraction of PAR (ϕ) at the 30 min timescale, with site median r 2 values ranging between 0.85 and 0.87, model efficiency coefficients (MECs) between 0.62 and 0.69, and regression slopes within 10% of unity. Model residuals were not strongly correlated with astronomical or standard meteorological variables. We conclude that the Roderick (1999, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1923(99)00028-3) and Gu et al. (1999, https://doi.org/10.1029/1999JD901068) models performed better overall than the two older models. Using the basic form of these models, the data set was used to find both individual site and universal model coefficients that optimized predictive accuracy. A new universal form of the model is presented in section 5 that increased site median MEC to 0.73. Site-specific model coefficients increased median MEC further to 0.78, indicating usefulness of local/regional training of coefficients to capture the local distributions of aerosols and cloud types.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Oliphant, Andrew J. and Stoy, Paul C.},\n doi = {10.1002/2017JG004370},\n journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences},\n number = {3}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The surface-atmosphere exchange of carbon dioxide in tropical rainforests: Sensitivity to environmental drivers and flux measurement methodology.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Fu, Z.; Gerken, T.; Bromley, G.; Araújo, A.; Bonal, D.; Burban, B.; Ficklin, D.; Fuentes, J., D.; Goulden, M.; Hirano, T.; Kosugi, Y.; Liddell, M.; Nicolini, G.; Niu, S.; Roupsard, O.; Stefani, P.; Mi, C.; Tofte, Z.; Xiao, J.; Valentini, R.; Wolf, S.; and Stoy, P., C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 263(December 2017): 292-307. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {The surface-atmosphere exchange of carbon dioxide in tropical rainforests: Sensitivity to environmental drivers and flux measurement methodology},\n type = {article},\n year = {2018},\n keywords = {GF-Guy},\n pages = {292-307},\n volume = {263},\n websites = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2018.09.001},\n publisher = {Elsevier},\n id = {dc11f9e4-e093-3bb4-93f2-eb0182ecbb89},\n created = {2019-02-12T15:47:39.971Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:48.534Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Fu2018},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Tropical rainforests play a central role in the Earth system by regulating climate, maintaining biodiversity, and sequestering carbon. They are under threat by direct anthropogenic impacts like deforestation and the indirect anthropogenic impacts of climate change. A synthesis of the factors that determine the net ecosystem exchange of carbon dioxide (NEE) at the site scale across different forests in the tropical rainforest biome has not been undertaken to date. Here, we study NEE and its components, gross ecosystem productivity (GEP) and ecosystem respiration (RE), across thirteen natural and managed forests within the tropical rainforest biome with 63 total site-years of eddy covariance data. Our results reveal that the five ecosystems with the largest annual gross carbon uptake by photosynthesis (i.e. GEP > 3000 g C m−2y-1) have the lowest net carbon uptake – or even carbon losses – versus other study ecosystems because RE is of a similar magnitude. Sites that provided subcanopy CO2storage observations had higher average magnitudes of GEP and RE and lower average magnitudes of NEE, highlighting the importance of measurement methodology for understanding carbon dynamics in ecosystems with characteristically tall and dense vegetation. A path analysis revealed that vapor pressure deficit (VPD) played a greater role than soil moisture or air temperature in constraining GEP under light saturated conditions across most study sites, but to differing degrees from -0.31 to -0.87 μmol CO2m−2s-1hPa-1. Climate projections from 13 general circulation models (CMIP5) under the representative concentration pathway that generates 8.5 W m−2of radiative forcing suggest that many current tropical rainforest sites on the lower end of the current temperature range are likely to reach a climate space similar to present-day warmer sites by the year 2050, warmer sites will reach a climate not currently experienced, and all forests are likely to experience higher VPD. Results demonstrate the need to quantify if and how mature tropical trees acclimate to heat and water stress, and to further develop flux-partitioning and gap-filling algorithms for defensible estimates of carbon exchange in tropical rainforests.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Fu, Zheng and Gerken, Tobias and Bromley, Gabriel and Araújo, Alessandro and Bonal, Damien and Burban, Benoît and Ficklin, Darren and Fuentes, Jose D. and Goulden, Michael and Hirano, Takashi and Kosugi, Yoshiko and Liddell, Michael and Nicolini, Giacomo and Niu, Shuli and Roupsard, Olivier and Stefani, Paolo and Mi, Chunrong and Tofte, Zaddy and Xiao, Jingfeng and Valentini, Riccardo and Wolf, Sebastian and Stoy, Paul C.},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agrformet.2018.09.001},\n journal = {Agricultural and Forest Meteorology},\n number = {December 2017}\n}

\n\n\n

\n Tropical rainforests play a central role in the Earth system by regulating climate, maintaining biodiversity, and sequestering carbon. They are under threat by direct anthropogenic impacts like deforestation and the indirect anthropogenic impacts of climate change. A synthesis of the factors that determine the net ecosystem exchange of carbon dioxide (NEE) at the site scale across different forests in the tropical rainforest biome has not been undertaken to date. Here, we study NEE and its components, gross ecosystem productivity (GEP) and ecosystem respiration (RE), across thirteen natural and managed forests within the tropical rainforest biome with 63 total site-years of eddy covariance data. Our results reveal that the five ecosystems with the largest annual gross carbon uptake by photosynthesis (i.e. GEP > 3000 g C m−2y-1) have the lowest net carbon uptake – or even carbon losses – versus other study ecosystems because RE is of a similar magnitude. Sites that provided subcanopy CO2storage observations had higher average magnitudes of GEP and RE and lower average magnitudes of NEE, highlighting the importance of measurement methodology for understanding carbon dynamics in ecosystems with characteristically tall and dense vegetation. A path analysis revealed that vapor pressure deficit (VPD) played a greater role than soil moisture or air temperature in constraining GEP under light saturated conditions across most study sites, but to differing degrees from -0.31 to -0.87 μmol CO2m−2s-1hPa-1. Climate projections from 13 general circulation models (CMIP5) under the representative concentration pathway that generates 8.5 W m−2of radiative forcing suggest that many current tropical rainforest sites on the lower end of the current temperature range are likely to reach a climate space similar to present-day warmer sites by the year 2050, warmer sites will reach a climate not currently experienced, and all forests are likely to experience higher VPD. Results demonstrate the need to quantify if and how mature tropical trees acclimate to heat and water stress, and to further develop flux-partitioning and gap-filling algorithms for defensible estimates of carbon exchange in tropical rainforests.\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Potential of Sentinel-1 Data for Monitoring Temperate Mixed Forest Phenology.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Frison, P.; Fruneau, B.; Kmiha, S.; Soudani, K.; Dufrêne, E.; Toan, T., L.; Koleck, T.; Villard, L.; Mougin, E.; and Rudant, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Remote Sensing, 10(12): 2049. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Potential$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Potential of Sentinel-1 Data for Monitoring Temperate Mixed Forest Phenology},\n type = {article},\n year = {2018},\n keywords = {FR_FON},\n pages = {2049},\n volume = {10},\n websites = {http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/12/2049},\n id = {f123e3a9-16a8-3784-a3bf-82173ce30201},\n created = {2019-02-14T08:34:45.808Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:47.292Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Frison2018},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {In this study, the potential of Sentinel-1 data to seasonally monitor temperate forests was investigated by analyzing radar signatures observed from plots in the Fontainebleau Forest of the Ile de France region, France, for the period extending from March 2015 to January 2016. Radar backscattering coefficients, σ0 and the amplitude of temporal interferometric coherence profiles in relation to environmental variables are shown, such as in situ precipitation and air temperature. The high temporal frequency of Sentinel-1 acquisitions (i.e., twelve days, or six, if both Sentinel-1A and B are combined over Europe) and the dual polarization configuration (VV and VH over most land surfaces) made a significant contribution. In particular, the radar backscattering coefficient ratio of VV to VH polarization, σVV0/σVH0, showed a well-pronounced seasonality that was correlated with vegetation phenology, as confirmed in comparison to NDVI profiles derived from Landsat-8 (r=0.77) over stands of deciduous trees. These results illustrate the high potential of Sentinel-1 data for monitoring vegetation, and as these data are not sensitive to the atmosphere, the phenology could be estimated with more accuracy than optical data. These observations will be quantitatively analyzed with the use of electromagnetic models in the near future.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Frison, Pierre-Louis and Fruneau, Bénédicte and Kmiha, Syrine and Soudani, Kamel and Dufrêne, Eric and Toan, Thuy Le and Koleck, Thierry and Villard, Ludovic and Mougin, Eric and Rudant, Jean-Paul},\n doi = {10.3390/rs10122049},\n journal = {Remote Sensing},\n number = {12}\n}

\n\n\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Standardisation of chamber technique for CO2, N2O and CH4 fluxes measurements from terrestrial ecosystems.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Vestin, P.; Lohila, A.; Silvennoinen, H.; Jiménez, S., M.; Altimir, N.; Janous, D.; Brümmer, C.; Pavelka, M.; Fuß, R.; Gielen, B.; Pihlatie, M.; Merbold, L.; Darenova, E.; Crill, P.; Lindroth, A.; Kutsch, W.; Montagnani, L.; Longdoz, B.; Kiese, R.; Graf, A.; Acosta, M.; Ortiz, P., S.; Pumpanen, J.; Weslien, P.; Nilsson, M.; Skiba, U.; Klemedtsson, L.; and Peichl, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Agrophysics, 32(4): 569-587. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Standardisation of chamber technique for CO2, N2O and CH4 fluxes measurements from terrestrial ecosystems},\n type = {article},\n year = {2018},\n pages = {569-587},\n volume = {32},\n id = {6a864415-35f9-3248-9c79-eda563fd9b9a},\n created = {2019-03-06T10:08:23.732Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:46.975Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Vestin2018},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = { Chamber measurements of trace gas fluxes between the land surface and the atmosphere have been conducted for almost a century. Different chamber techniques, including static and dynamic, have been used with varying degrees of success in estimating greenhouse gases (CO 2 , CH 4 , N 2 O) fluxes. However, all of these have certain disadvantages which have either prevented them from providing an adequate estimate of greenhouse gas exchange or restricted them to be used under limited conditions. Generally, chamber methods are relatively low in cost and simple to operate. In combination with the appropriate sample allocations, chamber methods are adaptable for a wide variety of studies from local to global spatial scales, and they are particularly well suited for in situ and laboratory-based studies. Consequently, chamber measurements will play an important role in the portfolio of the Pan-European long-term research infrastructure Integrated Carbon Observation System. The respective working group of the Integrated Carbon Observation System Ecosystem Monitoring Station Assembly has decided to ascertain standards and quality checks for automated and manual chamber systems instead of defining one or several standard systems provided by commercial manufacturers in order to define minimum requirements for chamber measurements. The defined requirements and recommendations related to chamber measurements are described here. },\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Vestin, Patrik and Lohila, Annalea and Silvennoinen, Hanna and Jiménez, Sara Maraňón and Altimir, Núria and Janous, Dalibor and Brümmer, Christian and Pavelka, Marian and Fuß, Roland and Gielen, Bert and Pihlatie, Mari and Merbold, Lutz and Darenova, Eva and Crill, Patrick and Lindroth, Anders and Kutsch, Werner and Montagnani, Leonardo and Longdoz, Bernhard and Kiese, Ralf and Graf, Alexander and Acosta, Manuel and Ortiz, Penelope Serrano and Pumpanen, Jukka and Weslien, Per and Nilsson, Mats and Skiba, Ute and Klemedtsson, Leif and Peichl, Matthias},\n doi = {10.1515/intag-2017-0045},\n journal = {International Agrophysics},\n number = {4}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n How representative are FLUXNET measurements of surface fluxes during temperature extremes?.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n van der Horst, S., V., J.; Pitman, A., J.; De Kauwe, M., G.; Ukkola, A.; Abramowitz, G.; and Isaac, P.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeosciences Discussions,1-22. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {How representative are FLUXNET measurements of surface fluxes during temperature extremes?},\n type = {article},\n year = {2018},\n pages = {1-22},\n id = {416b64b8-07c7-34c1-83b9-f7296ddb1158},\n created = {2019-05-06T14:31:47.317Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:48.247Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {VanderHorst2018},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Abstract. In response to a warming climate, temperature extremes are changing in many regions of the world. Therefore, understanding how the fluxes of sensible heat, latent heat and net ecosystem exchange respond and contribute to these changes is important. We examined 216 sites from the open access Tier 1 FLUXNET2015 and Free-Fair-Use La Thuile datasets, focussing only on observed (non-gap filled) data periods. We examined the availability of sensible heat, latent heat and net ecosystem exchange observations coincident in time with measured temperature for all temperatures, and separately for the upper and lower tail of the temperature distribution and expressed this availability as a measurement ratio. We showed that the measurement ratios for both sensible and latent heat fluxes are generally lower (0.79 and 0.73 respectively) than for temperature, and the measurement ratio of net ecosystem exchange measurements are appreciably lower (0.42). However, sites do exist with a high proportion of measured sensible and latent heat fluxes, mostly over the United States, Europe and Australia. Few sites have a high proportion of measured fluxes at the lower tail of the temperature distribution over very cold regions (e.g. Alaska, Russia) and at the upper tail in many warm regions (e.g. Central America and the majority of the Mediterranean region), and many of the world’s coldest and hottest regions are not represented in the freely available FLUXNET data at all (e.g. India, the Gulf States, Greenland and Antarctica). However, some sites do provide measured fluxes at extreme temperatures suggesting an opportunity for the FLUXNET community to share strategies to increase measurement availability at the tails of the temperature distribution. We also highlight a wide discrepancy between the measurement ratios across FLUXNET sites that is not related to the actual temperature or rainfall regimes at the site, which we cannot explain. Our analysis provides guidance to help select eddy covariance sites for researchers interested in exploring responses to temperature extremes.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {van der Horst, Sophie V. J. and Pitman, Andrew J. and De Kauwe, Martin G. and Ukkola, Anna and Abramowitz, Gab and Isaac, Peter},\n doi = {10.5194/bg-2018-502},\n journal = {Biogeosciences Discussions},\n keywords = {FR_Fon,FR_Gri,FR_HES,FR_Lq1,FR_Lq2,FR_Pue,GF_GUY,LR_LBr}\n}

\n\n\n

\n Abstract. In response to a warming climate, temperature extremes are changing in many regions of the world. Therefore, understanding how the fluxes of sensible heat, latent heat and net ecosystem exchange respond and contribute to these changes is important. We examined 216 sites from the open access Tier 1 FLUXNET2015 and Free-Fair-Use La Thuile datasets, focussing only on observed (non-gap filled) data periods. We examined the availability of sensible heat, latent heat and net ecosystem exchange observations coincident in time with measured temperature for all temperatures, and separately for the upper and lower tail of the temperature distribution and expressed this availability as a measurement ratio. We showed that the measurement ratios for both sensible and latent heat fluxes are generally lower (0.79 and 0.73 respectively) than for temperature, and the measurement ratio of net ecosystem exchange measurements are appreciably lower (0.42). However, sites do exist with a high proportion of measured sensible and latent heat fluxes, mostly over the United States, Europe and Australia. Few sites have a high proportion of measured fluxes at the lower tail of the temperature distribution over very cold regions (e.g. Alaska, Russia) and at the upper tail in many warm regions (e.g. Central America and the majority of the Mediterranean region), and many of the world’s coldest and hottest regions are not represented in the freely available FLUXNET data at all (e.g. India, the Gulf States, Greenland and Antarctica). However, some sites do provide measured fluxes at extreme temperatures suggesting an opportunity for the FLUXNET community to share strategies to increase measurement availability at the tails of the temperature distribution. We also highlight a wide discrepancy between the measurement ratios across FLUXNET sites that is not related to the actual temperature or rainfall regimes at the site, which we cannot explain. Our analysis provides guidance to help select eddy covariance sites for researchers interested in exploring responses to temperature extremes.\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Globally rising soil heterotrophic respiration over recent decades.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Bond-Lamberty, B.; Bailey, V., L.; Chen, M.; Gough, C., M.; and Vargas, R.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Nature, 560(7716): 80-83. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Globally$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Globally rising soil heterotrophic respiration over recent decades},\n type = {article},\n year = {2018},\n pages = {80-83},\n volume = {560},\n websites = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0358-x},\n publisher = {Springer US},\n id = {f8dcb820-776e-3dd3-a6b6-bc89a1472863},\n created = {2019-05-09T15:32:10.832Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:48.023Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Bond-Lamberty2018},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Global soils store at least twice as much carbon as Earth’s atmosphere. The global soil-to-atmosphere (or total soil respiration, RS) carbon dioxide (CO2) flux is increasing, but the degree to which climate change will stimulate carbon losses from soils as a result of heterotrophic respiration (RH) remains highly uncertain. Here we use an updated global soil respiration database9 to show that the observed soil surface RH:RS ratio increased significantly, from 0.54 to 0.63, between 1990 and 2014 (P = 0.009). Three additional lines of evidence provide support for this finding. By analysing two separate global gross primary production datasets, we find that the ratios of both RH and RS to gross primary production have increased over time. Similarly, significant increases in RH are observed against the longest available solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence global dataset, as well as gross primary production computed by an ensemble of global land models. We also show that the ratio of night-time net ecosystem exchange to gross primary production is rising across the FLUXNET2015 dataset. All trends are robust to sampling variability in ecosystem type, disturbance, methodology, CO2 fertilization effects and mean climate. Taken together, our findings provide observational evidence that global RH is rising, probably in response to environmental changes, consistent with meta-analyses and long-term experiments. This suggests that climate-driven losses of soil carbon are currently occurring across many ecosystems, with a detectable and sustained trend emerging at the global scale.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Bond-Lamberty, Ben and Bailey, Vanessa L. and Chen, Min and Gough, Christopher M. and Vargas, Rodrigo},\n doi = {10.1038/s41586-018-0358-x},\n journal = {Nature},\n number = {7716},\n keywords = {FR_FON,FR_GRI_FR_LBr,FR_PUE,GF_GUY}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Diel ecosystem conductance response to vapor pressure deficit is suboptimal and independent of soil moisture.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Lin, C.; Gentine, P.; Huang, Y.; Guan, K.; Kimm, H.; and Zhou, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 250-251(June 2017): 24-34. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Diel$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Diel ecosystem conductance response to vapor pressure deficit is suboptimal and independent of soil moisture},\n type = {article},\n year = {2018},\n keywords = {FR_GRI,FR_LBR},\n pages = {24-34},\n volume = {250-251},\n websites = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2017.12.078},\n publisher = {Elsevier},\n id = {98314412-ee36-3739-a38b-f6eb8e4b99a9},\n created = {2019-05-20T12:20:22.898Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:48.015Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Lin2018},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Ecosystem conductance, which describes ecosystem regulation of water and carbon exchange and links plant functions with the environment, is a critical component in ecosystem and earth system models. However, the behaviors of ecosystem conductance at the ecosystem level and its responses to environmental conditions are still largely unclear. In this study, half-hourly data of 77 eddy-covariance sites from the FLUXNET2015 dataset were used to compare four ecosystem conductance models at the ecosystem level and determine the most consistent vapor pressure deficit (VPD) dependence across plant functional types for varying soil moisture stress levels at the subdaily time scale. We used leaf-level VPD (VPD l ), a better indicator of atmospheric dryness at the leaf level, for canopy-level analysis instead of measured atmospheric VPD. Detection of the best-fitted exponent of VPD l indicates that ecosystem conductance responds to VPD between optimality-theory (i.e., VPD −0.5 dependence) and Leuning's (i.e., VPD −1 dependence) models. Accounting for different soil moisture stress levels only affected minimum ecosystem conductance and did not affect the exponent and factor of VPD l , indicating limited diurnal soil moisture-VPD l interactions. These results indicate limited interaction between xylem and stomata at subdaily time scales and that soil moisture effects can be simplified as a regulation of minimum (soil plus canopy) conductance.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Lin, Changjie and Gentine, Pierre and Huang, Yuefei and Guan, Kaiyu and Kimm, Hyungsuk and Zhou, Sha},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agrformet.2017.12.078},\n journal = {Agricultural and Forest Meteorology},\n number = {June 2017}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Eddy covariance raw data processing for CO2 and energy fluxes calculation at ICOS ecosystem stations.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Pitacco, A.; Mauder, M.; Merbold, L.; Ibrom, A.; Montagnani, L.; Vitale, D.; Longdoz, B.; Hörtnagl, L.; Sedlák, P.; Metzger, S.; Sabbatini, S.; Papale, D.; Arriga, N.; Rebmann, C.; Šigut, L.; Graf, A.; Fratini, G.; and Mammarella, I.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Agrophysics, 32(4): 495-515. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Eddy covariance raw data processing for CO2 and energy fluxes calculation at ICOS ecosystem stations},\n type = {article},\n year = {2018},\n pages = {495-515},\n volume = {32},\n id = {83368b1e-4445-3ad6-9170-b215c213b731},\n created = {2020-08-28T15:56:01.664Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:47.968Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Pitacco2018},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = { The eddy covariance is a powerful technique to estimate the surface-atmosphere exchange of different scalars at the ecosystem scale. The EC method is central to the ecosystem component of the Integrated Carbon Observation System, a monitoring network for greenhouse gases across the European Continent. The data processing sequence applied to the collected raw data is complex, and multiple robust options for the different steps are often available. For Integrated Carbon Observation System and similar networks, the standardisation of methods is essential to avoid methodological biases and improve comparability of the results. We introduce here the steps of the processing chain applied to the eddy covariance data of Integrated Carbon Observation System stations for the estimation of final CO 2 , water and energy fluxes, including the calculation of their uncertainties. The selected methods are discussed against valid alternative options in terms of suitability and respective drawbacks and advantages. The main challenge is to warrant standardised processing for all stations in spite of the large differences in e.g . ecosystem traits and site conditions. The main achievement of the Integrated Carbon Observation System eddy covariance data processing is making CO 2 and energy flux results as comparable and reliable as possible, given the current micrometeorological understanding and the generally accepted state-of-the-art processing methods. },\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Pitacco, Andrea and Mauder, Matthias and Merbold, Lutz and Ibrom, Andreas and Montagnani, Leonardo and Vitale, Domenico and Longdoz, Bernard and Hörtnagl, Lukas and Sedlák, Pavel and Metzger, Stefan and Sabbatini, Simone and Papale, Dario and Arriga, Nicola and Rebmann, Corinna and Šigut, Ladislav and Graf, Alexander and Fratini, Gerardo and Mammarella, Ivan},\n doi = {10.1515/intag-2017-0043},\n journal = {International Agrophysics},\n number = {4}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Importance of reporting ancillary site characteristics, and management and disturbance information at ICOS stations.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Saunders, M.; Dengel, S.; Kolari, P.; Moureaux, C.; Montagnani, L.; Ceschia, E.; Altimir, N.; López-Ballesteros, A.; Marańon-Jimenez, S.; Acosta, M.; Klumpp, K.; Gielen, B.; De Beeck, M., O.; Hörtnagl, L.; Merbold, L.; Osborne, B.; Grünwald, T.; Arrouays, D.; Boukir, H.; Saby, N.; Nicolini, G.; Papale, D.; and Jones, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Agrophysics, 32(4): 457-469. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Importance of reporting ancillary site characteristics, and management and disturbance information at ICOS stations},\n type = {article},\n year = {2018},\n keywords = {characterisation,disturbance,export,management,protocol},\n pages = {457-469},\n volume = {32},\n id = {4d78f0e0-9a95-34f4-b80c-d9695f80dabd},\n created = {2020-08-28T15:56:01.728Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:47.809Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Saunders2018},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {There are many factors that influence ecosystem scale carbon, nitrogen and greenhouse gas dynamics, including the inherent heterogeneity of soils and vegetation, anthropogenic management interventions, and biotic and abiotic disturbance events. It is important therefore, to document the characteristics of the soils and vegetation and to accurately report all management activities, and disturbance events to aid the interpretation of collected data, and to determine whether the ecosystem either amplifies or mitigates climate change. This paper outlines the importance of assessing both the spatial and temporal variability of soils and vegetation and to report all management events, the import or export of C or N from the ecosystem, and the occurrence of biotic/abiotic disturbances at ecosystem stations of the Integrated Carbon Observation System, a pan-European research infrastructure.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Saunders, Matthew and Dengel, Sigrid and Kolari, Pasi and Moureaux, Christine and Montagnani, Leonardo and Ceschia, Eric and Altimir, Nuria and López-Ballesteros, Ana and Marańon-Jimenez, Sara and Acosta, Manuel and Klumpp, Katja and Gielen, Bert and De Beeck, Maarten Op and Hörtnagl, Lukas and Merbold, Lutz and Osborne, Bruce and Grünwald, Thomas and Arrouays, Dominique and Boukir, Hakima and Saby, Nicolas and Nicolini, Giacomo and Papale, Dario and Jones, Michael},\n doi = {10.1515/intag-2017-0040},\n journal = {International Agrophysics},\n number = {4}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Soil-meteorological measurements at ICOS monitoring stations in terrestrial ecosystems.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n De Beeck, M., O.; Gielen, B.; Merbold, L.; Ayres, E.; Serrano-Ortiz, P.; Acosta, M.; Pavelka, M.; Montagnani, L.; Nilsson, M.; Klemedtsson, L.; Vincke, C.; De Ligne, A.; Moureaux, C.; Marańon-Jimenez, S.; Saunders, M.; Mereu, S.; and Hörtnagl, L.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Agrophysics, 32(4): 619-631. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Soil-meteorological measurements at ICOS monitoring stations in terrestrial ecosystems},\n type = {article},\n year = {2018},\n keywords = {ICOS,soil heat flux density,soil temperature,soil water content,water table depth},\n pages = {619-631},\n volume = {32},\n id = {b204fbdb-0c2d-3c3c-b261-6470f84a8d9e},\n created = {2020-08-28T15:56:01.746Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:49.310Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {DeBeeck2018},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The Integrated Carbon Observation System is a pan-European research infrastructure providing standardized, long-term observations of greenhouse gas concentrations and earth-atmosphere greenhouse gas interactions. The terrestrial component of Integrated Carbon Observation System comprises a network of monitoring stations in terrestrial ecosystems where the principal activity is the measurement of ecosystem-atmosphere fluxes of greenhouse gases and energy by means of the eddy covariance technique. At each station a large set of ancillary variables needed for the interpretation of observed fluxes and for process studies is additionally monitored. This set includes a subset of variables that describe the thermal and moisture conditions of the soil and which are here conveniently referred to as soil-meteorological variables: soil temperature, volumetric soil water content, water table depth, and soil heat flux density. This paper describes the standard methodology that has been developped for the monitoring of these variables at the ecosystem stations. K e y w o r d s: ICOS, soil temperature, soil water content, water table depth, soil heat flux density INTRODUCTION The Integrated Carbon Observation System (ICOS) is a distributed pan-European research infrastructure providing in-situ standardised, integrated, long-term and high-precision observations of lower atmosphere greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations and land-and ocean-atmosphere GHG interactions. The terrestrial component of ICOS comprises a network of monitoring stations},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {De Beeck, Maarten Op and Gielen, Bert and Merbold, Lutz and Ayres, Edward and Serrano-Ortiz, Penelope and Acosta, Manuel and Pavelka, Marian and Montagnani, Leonardo and Nilsson, Mats and Klemedtsson, Leif and Vincke, Caroline and De Ligne, Anne and Moureaux, Christine and Marańon-Jimenez, Sara and Saunders, Matthew and Mereu, Simone and Hörtnagl, Lukas},\n doi = {10.1515/intag-2017-0041},\n journal = {International Agrophysics},\n number = {4}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Soil sampling and preparation for monitoring soil carbon.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Arrouays, D.; Saby, N., P.; Boukir, H.; Jolivet, C.; Ratié, C.; Schrumpf, M.; Merbold, L.; Gielen, B.; Gogo, S.; Delpierre, N.; Vincent, G.; Klumpp, K.; and Loustau, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Agrophysics, 32(4): 633-643. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Soil sampling and preparation for monitoring soil carbon},\n type = {article},\n year = {2018},\n keywords = {ICOS protocol,SOC measurements,sampling design,soil organic carbon stocks},\n pages = {633-643},\n volume = {32},\n id = {2c8063d6-2187-3ca3-801c-9b33297bfbb7},\n created = {2020-08-28T15:56:01.801Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:47.656Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Arrouays2018},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {There is an urgent need for standardized monitor- ing of existing soil organic carbon stocks in order to accurately quantify potential negative or positive feedbacks with climate change on carbon fluxes. Given the uncertainty of flux meas- urements at the ecosystem scale, obtaining precise estimates of changes in soil organic carbon stocks is essential to provide an independent assessment of long-term net ecosystem carbon exchange. Here we describe the standard procedure to monitor the soil organic carbon stocks within the footprint of an eddy covariance flux tower, as applied at ecosystem stations of the Integrated Carbon Observation System. The objectives are i) to ensure comparability between sites and to be able to draw general conclusions from the results obtained across many ecosystems and ii) to optimize the sampling design in order to be able to prove changes in time using a reduced number of samples. When sampling a given site at two periods, the objective is generally to assess if changes occurred in time. The changes that can be detected (i.e., demonstrated as statistically significant) depend on several parameters such as the number of samples, the spa- tial sampling design, and the inherent within-site soil variability. Depending on these parameters, one can define the ‘minimum detectable change’ which is the minimum value of changed that can be statistically proved. Using simulation studies, we address the trade-off between increasing the number of samples and get- ting lower minimum detectable changes of soil organic carbon stocks},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Arrouays, Dominique and Saby, Nicolas P.A. and Boukir, Hakima and Jolivet, Claudy and Ratié, Céline and Schrumpf, Marion and Merbold, Lutz and Gielen, Bert and Gogo, Sébastien and Delpierre, Nicolas and Vincent, Gaëlle and Klumpp, Katja and Loustau, Denis},\n doi = {10.1515/intag-2017-0047},\n journal = {International Agrophysics},\n number = {4}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Basic and extensible post-processing of eddy covariance flux data with REddyProc.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Wutzler, T.; Lucas-Moffat, A.; Migliavacca, M.; Knauer, J.; Sickel, K.; Šigut, L.; Menzer, O.; and Reichstein, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeosciences, 15(16): 5015-5030. 8 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Basic$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Basic and extensible post-processing of eddy covariance flux data with REddyProc},\n type = {article},\n year = {2018},\n pages = {5015-5030},\n volume = {15},\n websites = {https://www.biogeosciences.net/15/5015/2018/},\n month = {8},\n day = {23},\n id = {dd5f97c9-7ff4-318d-8baf-773ba7513e8e},\n created = {2020-08-28T15:56:01.892Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:49.268Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Wutzler2018},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Abstract. With the eddy covariance (EC) technique, net fluxes of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other trace gases as well as water and energy fluxes can be measured at the ecosystem level. These flux measurements are a main source for understanding biosphere–atmosphere interactions and feedbacks through cross-site analysis, model–data integration, and upscaling. The raw fluxes measured with the EC technique require extensive and laborious data processing. While there are standard tools1 available in an open-source environment for processing high-frequency (10 or 20Hz) data into half-hourly quality-checked fluxes, there is a need for more usable and extensible tools for the subsequent post-processing steps. We tackled this need by developing the REddyProc package in the cross-platform language R that provides standard CO2-focused post-processing routines for reading (half-)hourly data from different formats, estimating the u* threshold, as well as gap-filling, flux-partitioning, and visualizing the results. In addition to basic processing, the functions are extensible and allow easier integration in extended analysis than current tools. New features include cross-year processing and a better treatment of uncertainties. A comparison of REddyProc routines with other state-of-the-art tools resulted in no significant differences in monthly and annual fluxes across sites. Lower uncertainty estimates of both u* and resulting gap-filled fluxes by 50% with the presented tool were achieved by an improved treatment of seasons during the bootstrap analysis. Higher estimates of uncertainty in daytime partitioning (about twice as high) resulted from a better accounting for the uncertainty in estimates of temperature sensitivity of respiration. The provided routines can be easily installed, configured, and used. Hence, the eddy covariance community will benefit from the REddyProc package, allowing easier integration of standard post-processing with extended analysis. 1http://fluxnet.fluxdata.org/2017/10/10/toolbox-a-rolling-list-of-softwarepackages-for-flux-related-data-processing/, last access: 17 August 2018},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Wutzler, Thomas and Lucas-Moffat, Antje and Migliavacca, Mirco and Knauer, Jürgen and Sickel, Kerstin and Šigut, Ladislav and Menzer, Olaf and Reichstein, Markus},\n doi = {10.5194/bg-15-5015-2018},\n journal = {Biogeosciences},\n number = {16},\n keywords = {FR_GRI,FR_HES,FR_LQ1,FR_LQ2,FR_PUE}\n}

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\n Abstract. With the eddy covariance (EC) technique, net fluxes of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other trace gases as well as water and energy fluxes can be measured at the ecosystem level. These flux measurements are a main source for understanding biosphere–atmosphere interactions and feedbacks through cross-site analysis, model–data integration, and upscaling. The raw fluxes measured with the EC technique require extensive and laborious data processing. While there are standard tools1 available in an open-source environment for processing high-frequency (10 or 20Hz) data into half-hourly quality-checked fluxes, there is a need for more usable and extensible tools for the subsequent post-processing steps. We tackled this need by developing the REddyProc package in the cross-platform language R that provides standard CO2-focused post-processing routines for reading (half-)hourly data from different formats, estimating the u* threshold, as well as gap-filling, flux-partitioning, and visualizing the results. In addition to basic processing, the functions are extensible and allow easier integration in extended analysis than current tools. New features include cross-year processing and a better treatment of uncertainties. A comparison of REddyProc routines with other state-of-the-art tools resulted in no significant differences in monthly and annual fluxes across sites. Lower uncertainty estimates of both u* and resulting gap-filled fluxes by 50% with the presented tool were achieved by an improved treatment of seasons during the bootstrap analysis. Higher estimates of uncertainty in daytime partitioning (about twice as high) resulted from a better accounting for the uncertainty in estimates of temperature sensitivity of respiration. The provided routines can be easily installed, configured, and used. Hence, the eddy covariance community will benefit from the REddyProc package, allowing easier integration of standard post-processing with extended analysis. 1http://fluxnet.fluxdata.org/2017/10/10/toolbox-a-rolling-list-of-softwarepackages-for-flux-related-data-processing/, last access: 17 August 2018\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Sampling and collecting foliage elements for the determination of the foliar nutrients in ICOS ecosystem stations.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Klumpp, K.; Linder, S.; Thimonier, A.; Gielen, B.; Matteucci, G.; Barbaste, M.; Merbold, L.; de Beek, M., O.; Altimir, N.; Waldner, P.; Vincke, C.; Loustau, D.; Jiménez, S., M.; and Soulé, P.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Agrophysics, 32(4): 665-676. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Sampling and collecting foliage elements for the determination of the foliar nutrients in ICOS ecosystem stations},\n type = {article},\n year = {2018},\n pages = {665-676},\n volume = {32},\n id = {e0487b65-ef31-3491-ac99-d815ac65d6ac},\n created = {2020-08-28T15:56:02.013Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:49.105Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Klumpp2018},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The nutritional status of plant canopies in terms of nutrients (C, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn) exerts a strong influence on the carbon cycle and energy balance of terrestrial ecosystems. Therefore, in order to account for the spatial and temporal variations in nutritional status of the plant species composing the canopy, we detail the methodology applied to achieve consistent time-series of leaf mass to area ratio and nutrient content of the foliage within the footprint of the Integrated Carbon Observation System Ecosystem stations. The guidelines and defi-nitions apply to most terrestrial ecosystems.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Klumpp, Katja and Linder, Sune and Thimonier, Anne and Gielen, Bert and Matteucci, Giorgio and Barbaste, Mireille and Merbold, Lutz and de Beek, Marteen Op and Altimir, Nuria and Waldner, Peter and Vincke, Caroline and Loustau, Denis and Jiménez, Sara Marańón and Soulé, Patrice},\n doi = {10.1515/intag-2017-0038},\n journal = {International Agrophysics},\n number = {4}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Ancillary vegetation measurements at ICOS ecosystem stations.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Sonnentag, O.; Pokorny, R.; Gielen, B.; Lohila, A.; Acosta, M.; Metzger, C.; Moureaux, C.; Buchmann, N.; Saunders, M.; Cescatti, A.; Vincke, C.; Soudani, K.; Nilsson, M., B.; Peichl, M.; Fleck, S.; Altimir, N.; Tallec, T.; Ceschia, E.; Manise, T.; Kolari, P.; Simioni, G.; Wohlfahrt, G.; Pavelka, M.; Matteucci, G.; Marańon-Jimenez, S.; Klumpp, K.; Papale, D.; Montagnani, L.; Merbold, L.; Osborne, B.; Tuittila, E.; Hörtnagl, L.; and Loustau, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Agrophysics, 32(4): 645-664. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Ancillary vegetation measurements at ICOS ecosystem stations},\n type = {article},\n year = {2018},\n pages = {645-664},\n volume = {32},\n id = {4e0d5f80-493e-3c0e-9651-f82a6103df6f},\n created = {2020-08-28T15:56:02.048Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:49.055Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Sonnentag2018},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The Integrated Carbon Observation System is a Pan-European distributed research infrastructure that has as its main goal to monitor the greenhouse gas balance of Europe. The ecosystem component of Integrated Carbon Observation System consists of a multitude of stations where the net greenhouse gas exchange is monitored continuously by eddy covariance measurements while, in addition many other measurements are carried out that are a key to an understanding of the greenhouse gas balance. Amongst them are the continuous meteorological measurements and a set of non-continuous measurements related to vegetation. The latter include Green Area Index, aboveground biomass and litter biomass. The standardized methodology that is used at the Integrated Carbon Observation System ecosystem stations to monitor these vegetation related variables differs between the ecosystem types that are represented within the network, whereby in this paper we focus on forests, grasslands, croplands and mires. For each of the variables and ecosystems a spatial and temporal sampling design was developed so that the variables can be monitored in a consistent way within the ICOS network. The standardisation of the methodology to collect Green Area Index, above ground biomass and litter biomass and the methods to evaluate the quality of the collected data ensures that all stations within the ICOS ecosystem network produce data sets with small and similar errors, which allows for inter-comparison comparisons across the Integrated Carbon Observation System ecosystem network.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Sonnentag, Oliver and Pokorny, Radek and Gielen, Bert and Lohila, Annalea and Acosta, Manuel and Metzger, Christine and Moureaux, Christine and Buchmann, Nina and Saunders, Matthew and Cescatti, Alessandro and Vincke, Caroline and Soudani, Kamel and Nilsson, Mats B. and Peichl, Matthias and Fleck, Stefan and Altimir, Nuria and Tallec, Tiphaine and Ceschia, Eric and Manise, Tanguy and Kolari, Pasi and Simioni, Guillaume and Wohlfahrt, Georg and Pavelka, Marian and Matteucci, Giorgio and Marańon-Jimenez, Sara and Klumpp, Katja and Papale, Dario and Montagnani, Leonardo and Merbold, Lutz and Osborne, Bruce and Tuittila, Eeva-Stiina and Hörtnagl, Lukas and Loustau, Denis},\n doi = {10.1515/intag-2017-0048},\n journal = {International Agrophysics},\n number = {4}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n ICOS eddy covariance flux-station site setup: A review.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Rebmann, C.; Aubinet, M.; Schmid, H.; Arriga, N.; Aurela, M.; Burba, G.; Clement, R.; De Ligne, A.; Fratini, G.; Gielen, B.; Grace, J.; Graf, A.; Gross, P.; Haapanala, S.; Herbst, M.; Hörtnagl, L.; Ibrom, A.; Joly, L.; Kljun, N.; Kolle, O.; Kowalski, A.; Lindroth, A.; Loustau, D.; Mammarella, I.; Mauder, M.; Merbold, L.; Metzger, S.; Mölder, M.; Montagnani, L.; Papale, D.; Pavelka, M.; Peichl, M.; Roland, M.; Serrano-Ortiz, P.; Siebicke, L.; Steinbrecher, R.; Tuovinen, J., P.; Vesala, T.; Wohlfahrt, G.; and Franz, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Agrophysics, 32(4): 471-494. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {ICOS eddy covariance flux-station site setup: A review},\n type = {article},\n year = {2018},\n keywords = {ICOS,eddy covariance technique,greenhouse gas,protocol,tower set up},\n pages = {471-494},\n volume = {32},\n id = {656a8248-62ac-3713-8312-edac5cd454e8},\n created = {2020-08-28T15:56:02.058Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:47.846Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Rebmann2018a},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The Integrated Carbon Observation System Re- search Infrastructure aims to provide long-term, continuous ob- servations of sources and sinks of greenhouse gases such as car- bon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and water vapour. At ICOS ecosystem stations, the principal technique for measurements of ecosystem-atmosphere exchange of GHGs is the eddy-covariance technique. The establishment and setup of an eddy-covariance tower have to be carefully reasoned to ensure high quality flux measurements being representative of the investigated ecosys- tem and comparable to measurements at other stations. To fulfill the requirements needed for flux determination with the eddy- covariance technique, variations in GHG concentrations have to be measured at high frequency, simultaneously with the wind velocity, in order to fully capture turbulent fluctuations. This requires the use of high-frequency gas analysers and ultrasonic anemometers. In addition, to analyse flux data with respect to environmental conditions but also to enable corrections in the post-processing procedures, it is necessary to measure additional abiotic variables in close vicinity to the flux measurements. Here we describe the standards the ICOS ecosystem station network has adopted for GHG flux measurements with respect to the setup of instrumentation on towers to maximize measurement precision and accuracy while allowing for flexibility in order to observe specific ecosystem features.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Rebmann, Corinna and Aubinet, Marc and Schmid, Hape and Arriga, Nicola and Aurela, Mika and Burba, George and Clement, Robert and De Ligne, Anne and Fratini, Gerardo and Gielen, Bert and Grace, John and Graf, Alexander and Gross, Patrick and Haapanala, Sami and Herbst, Mathias and Hörtnagl, Lukas and Ibrom, Andreas and Joly, Lilian and Kljun, Natascha and Kolle, Olaf and Kowalski, Andrew and Lindroth, Anders and Loustau, Denis and Mammarella, Ivan and Mauder, Matthias and Merbold, Lutz and Metzger, Stefan and Mölder, Meelis and Montagnani, Leonardo and Papale, Dario and Pavelka, Marian and Peichl, Matthias and Roland, Marilyn and Serrano-Ortiz, Penélope and Siebicke, Lukas and Steinbrecher, Rainer and Tuovinen, Juha Pekka and Vesala, Timo and Wohlfahrt, Georg and Franz, Daniela},\n doi = {10.1515/intag-2017-0044},\n journal = {International Agrophysics},\n number = {4}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Radiation measurements at ICOS ecosystem stations.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Rebmann, C.; Arriga, N.; Serrano-Ortíz, P.; Carrara, A.; Berveiller, D.; Sabbatini, S.; Biraud, S., C.; Dengel, S.; Ibrom, A.; de Beeck, M., O.; Kolari, P.; and Merbold, L.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Agrophysics, 32(4): 589-605. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Radiation measurements at ICOS ecosystem stations},\n type = {article},\n year = {2018},\n pages = {589-605},\n volume = {32},\n id = {e7062f46-b2c0-3b30-a5c7-42c4bf87341d},\n created = {2020-08-28T15:56:02.089Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:48.972Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Rebmann2018},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Solar radiation is a key driver of energy and carbon fluxes in natural ecosystems. Radiation measurements are essential for interpreting ecosystem scale greenhouse gases and energy fluxes as well as many other observations performed at ecosystem stations of the Integrated Carbon Observation System (ICOS). We describe and explain the relevance of the radiation variables that are monitored continuously at ICOS ecosystem stations and define recommendations to perform these measurements with consistent and comparable accuracy. The measurement methodology and instruments are described including detailed technical specifications. Guidelines for instrumental set up as well as for operation, maintenance and data collection are defined considering both ICOS scientific objectives and practical operational constraints. For measurements of short-wave (solar) and long wave (infrared) radiation components, requirements for the ICOS network are based on available well-defined state-of-the art standards (World Meteorological Organization, International Organization for Standardization). For photosynthetically active radiation measurements, some basic instrumental requirements are based on the performance of commercially available sensors. Since site specific conditions and practical constraints at individual ICOS ecosystem stations may hamper the applicability of standard requirements, we recommend that ICOS develops mid-term coordinated actions to assess the effective level of uncertainties in radiation measurements at the network scale.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Rebmann, Corinna and Arriga, Nicola and Serrano-Ortíz, Penelope and Carrara, Arnaud and Berveiller, Daniel and Sabbatini, Simone and Biraud, Sébastien C. and Dengel, Sigrid and Ibrom, Andreas and de Beeck, Maarten Op and Kolari, Pasi and Merbold, Lutz},\n doi = {10.1515/intag-2017-0049},\n journal = {International Agrophysics},\n number = {4}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Standardized precipitation measurements within ICOS: Rain, snowfall and snow depth: A review.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Dengel, S.; Graf, A.; Grünwald, T.; Hehn, M.; Kolari, P.; Löfvenius, M., O.; Merbold, L.; Nicolini, G.; and Pavelka, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Agrophysics, 32(4): 607-617. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Standardized precipitation measurements within ICOS: Rain, snowfall and snow depth: A review},\n type = {article},\n year = {2018},\n keywords = {ICOS,precipitation,protocol,rain,snow},\n pages = {607-617},\n volume = {32},\n id = {b6c291f2-42f6-3d8f-8b36-1bd049cb1caf},\n created = {2020-08-28T15:56:02.143Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:49.199Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Dengel2018},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Precipitation is one of the most important abiotic variables related to plant growth. Using standardised measure- ments improves the comparability and quality of precipitation data as well as all other data within the Integrated Carbon Observation System network. Despite the spatial and temporal variation of some types of precipitation, a single point measurement satis- fies the requirement as an ancillary variable for eddy covariance measurements. Here the term precipitation includes: rain, snow- fall (liquid water equivalent) and snow depth, with the latter two being of interest only where occurring. Weighing gauges defined as Integrated Carbon Observation System standard with the capacity of continuously measuring liquid and solid precipitation are installed free-standing, away from obstacles obstructing rain or snowfall. In order to minimise wind-induced errors, gauges are shielded either naturally or artificially to reduce the adverse effect of wind speed on the measurements. Following standard- ised methods strengthens the compatibility and comparability of data with other standardised environmental observation networks while opening the possibility for synthesis studies of different pre- cipitation measurement methodologies and types including a wide range of ecosystems and geolocations across Europe.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Dengel, Sigrid and Graf, Alexander and Grünwald, Thomas and Hehn, Markus and Kolari, Pasi and Löfvenius, Mikaell Ottosson and Merbold, Lutz and Nicolini, Giacomo and Pavelka, Marian},\n doi = {10.1515/intag-2017-0046},\n journal = {International Agrophysics},\n number = {4}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Standardisation of eddy-covariance flux measurements of methane and nitrous oxide.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Nemitz, E.; Mammarella, I.; Ibrom, A.; Aurela, M.; Burba, G., G.; Dengel, S.; Gielen, B.; Grelle, A.; Heinesch, B.; Herbst, M.; Hörtnagl, L.; Klemedtsson, L.; Lindroth, A.; Lohila, A.; McDermitt, D., K.; Meier, P.; Merbold, L.; Nelson, D.; Nicolini, G.; Nilsson, M., B.; Peltola, O.; Rinne, J.; and Zahniser, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Agrophysics, 32(4): 517-549. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Standardisation of eddy-covariance flux measurements of methane and nitrous oxide},\n type = {article},\n year = {2018},\n keywords = {ICOS,greenhouse gas exchange,micrometeorology,protocol,standardisation},\n pages = {517-549},\n volume = {32},\n id = {7cf5124a-5825-3c5b-8e67-9353f087f708},\n created = {2020-08-28T15:56:02.203Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:49.135Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Nemitz2018},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {<p> Commercially available fast-response analysers for methane (CH <sub>4</sub> ) and nitrous oxide (N <sub>2</sub> O) have recently become more sensitive, more robust and easier to operate. This has made their application for long-term flux measurements with the eddy-covariance method more feasible. Unlike for carbon dioxide (CO <sub>2</sub> ) and water vapour (H <sub>2</sub> O), there have so far been no guidelines on how to optimise and standardise the measurements. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art of the various steps of the measurements and discusses aspects such as instrument selection, setup and maintenance, data processing as well as the additional measurements needed to aid interpretation and gap-filling. It presents the methodological protocol for eddy covariance measurements of CH <sub>4</sub> and N <sub>2</sub> O fluxes as agreed for the ecosystem station network of the pan-European Research Infrastructure Integrated Carbon Observation System and provides a first international standard that is suggested to be adopted more widely. Fluxes can be episodic and the processes controlling the fluxes are complex, preventing simple mechanistic gap-filling strategies. Fluxes are often near or below the detection limit, requiring additional care during data processing. The protocol sets out the best practice for these conditions to avoid biasing the results and long-term budgets. It summarises the current approach to gap-filling. </p>},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Nemitz, Eiko and Mammarella, Ivan and Ibrom, Andreas and Aurela, Mika and Burba, George G. and Dengel, Sigrid and Gielen, Bert and Grelle, Achim and Heinesch, Bernard and Herbst, Mathias and Hörtnagl, Lukas and Klemedtsson, Leif and Lindroth, Anders and Lohila, Annalea and McDermitt, Dayle K. and Meier, Philip and Merbold, Lutz and Nelson, David and Nicolini, Giacomo and Nilsson, Mats B. and Peltola, Olli and Rinne, Janne and Zahniser, Mark},\n doi = {10.1515/intag-2017-0042},\n journal = {International Agrophysics},\n number = {4}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Assimilating phenology datasets automatically across ICOS ecosystem stations.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Hufkens, K.; Filippa, G.; Cremonese, E.; Migliavacca, M.; D'Odorico, P.; Peichl, M.; Gielen, B.; Hörtnagl, L.; Soudani, K.; Papale, D.; Rebmann, C.; Brown, T.; and Wingate, L.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Agrophysics, 32(4): 677-687. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Assimilating phenology datasets automatically across ICOS ecosystem stations},\n type = {article},\n year = {2018},\n keywords = {ICOS,digital repeat photography,near-surface remote sensing,phenology,protocol,proximal sensing},\n pages = {677-687},\n volume = {32},\n id = {311cd577-79bc-3116-bf93-0c8a39963288},\n created = {2020-08-28T15:56:02.483Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:47.952Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Hufkens2018},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The presence or absence of leaves within plant canopies exert a strong influence on the carbon, water and energy balance of ecosystems. Identifying key changes in the timing of leaf elongation and senescence during the year can help to understand the sensitivity of different plant functional types to changes in temperature. When recorded over many years these data can provide information on the response of ecosystems to long-term changes in climate. The installation of digital cameras that take images at regular intervals of plant canopies across the Integrated Carbon Observation System ecosystem stations will provide a reliable and important record of variations in canopy state, colour and the timing of key phenological events. Here, we detail the procedure for the implementation of cameras on Integrated Carbon Observation System flux towers and how these images will help us understand the impact of leaf phenology and ecosystem function , distinguish changes in canopy structure from leaf physiology and at larger scales will assist in the validation of (future) remote sensing products. These data will help us improve the representation of phenological responses to climatic variability across Integrated Carbon Observation System stations and the terrestrial biosphere through the improvement of model algorithms and the provision of validation datasets. K e y w o r d s: ICOS, near-surface remote sensing, proximal sensing, digital repeat photography, phenology, protocol INTRODUCTION Phenology is the study of the timing of recurrent biological events, the causes of the timing with regard to biotic and abiotic forces, and the interrelations among phases of the same or different species (Leith, 1974). Plant phenological events such as leaf out, flowering and leaf senescence are driven by photoperiod, year to year variations in temperature and moisture availability (Delpierre et al., 2016; Xie et al., 2015) and are "perhaps the simplest process in which to track changes in the ecology of species in response to climate change" (Rosenzweig et al., 2007). These subtle variations in phenology can impact directly the length of the growing season and more importantly, the seasonality of carbon, water and energy exchanges between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere (Baldocchi et al., 2005; Richardson et al., 2013). Recent studies have shown},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Hufkens, Koen and Filippa, Gianluca and Cremonese, Edoardo and Migliavacca, Mirco and D'Odorico, Petra and Peichl, Matthias and Gielen, Bert and Hörtnagl, Lukas and Soudani, Kamel and Papale, Dario and Rebmann, Corinna and Brown, Tim and Wingate, Lisa},\n doi = {10.1515/intag-2017-0050},\n journal = {International Agrophysics},\n number = {4}\n}

\n\n\n

\n The presence or absence of leaves within plant canopies exert a strong influence on the carbon, water and energy balance of ecosystems. Identifying key changes in the timing of leaf elongation and senescence during the year can help to understand the sensitivity of different plant functional types to changes in temperature. When recorded over many years these data can provide information on the response of ecosystems to long-term changes in climate. The installation of digital cameras that take images at regular intervals of plant canopies across the Integrated Carbon Observation System ecosystem stations will provide a reliable and important record of variations in canopy state, colour and the timing of key phenological events. Here, we detail the procedure for the implementation of cameras on Integrated Carbon Observation System flux towers and how these images will help us understand the impact of leaf phenology and ecosystem function , distinguish changes in canopy structure from leaf physiology and at larger scales will assist in the validation of (future) remote sensing products. These data will help us improve the representation of phenological responses to climatic variability across Integrated Carbon Observation System stations and the terrestrial biosphere through the improvement of model algorithms and the provision of validation datasets. K e y w o r d s: ICOS, near-surface remote sensing, proximal sensing, digital repeat photography, phenology, protocol INTRODUCTION Phenology is the study of the timing of recurrent biological events, the causes of the timing with regard to biotic and abiotic forces, and the interrelations among phases of the same or different species (Leith, 1974). Plant phenological events such as leaf out, flowering and leaf senescence are driven by photoperiod, year to year variations in temperature and moisture availability (Delpierre et al., 2016; Xie et al., 2015) and are \"perhaps the simplest process in which to track changes in the ecology of species in response to climate change\" (Rosenzweig et al., 2007). These subtle variations in phenology can impact directly the length of the growing season and more importantly, the seasonality of carbon, water and energy exchanges between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere (Baldocchi et al., 2005; Richardson et al., 2013). Recent studies have shown\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Estimating the storage term in eddy covariance measurements: The ICOS methodology.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Montagnani, L.; Grünwald, T.; Kowalski, A.; Mammarella, I.; Merbold, L.; Metzger, S.; Sedlák, P.; and Siebicke, L.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Agrophysics, 32(4): 551-567. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Estimating the storage term in eddy covariance measurements: The ICOS methodology},\n type = {article},\n year = {2018},\n keywords = {ICOS,eddy covariance,greenhouse gases,protocol,storage flux},\n pages = {551-567},\n volume = {32},\n id = {4419a120-0f9b-3c31-90f3-f7d8e5362f8d},\n created = {2020-08-28T15:56:02.556Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:47.881Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Montagnani2018},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {In eddy covariance measurements, the storage flux represents the variation in time of the dry molar fraction of a given gas in the control volume representative of turbulent flux. Depending on the time scale considered, and on the height above ground of the measurements, it can either be a major component of the overall net ecosystem exchange or nearly negligible. Instrumental configuration and computational procedures must be optimized to measure this change at the time step used for the turbulent flux measurement. Three different configurations are suitable within the Integrated Carbon Observation System infrastructure for the storage flux determination: separate sampling, subsequent sampling and mixed sampling. These configurations have their own advantages and disadvantages, and must be carefully selected based on the specific features of the considered station. In this paper, guidelines about number and distribution of vertical and horizontal sampling points are given. Details about suitable instruments, sampling devices, and computational procedures for the quantification of the storage flux of different GHG gases are also provided.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Montagnani, Leonardo and Grünwald, Thomas and Kowalski, Andrew and Mammarella, Ivan and Merbold, Lutz and Metzger, Stefan and Sedlák, Pavel and Siebicke, Lukas},\n doi = {10.1515/intag-2017-0037},\n journal = {International Agrophysics},\n number = {4}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Towards long-term standardised carbon and greenhouse gas observations for monitoring Europe’s terrestrial ecosystems: a review.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Herbst, M.; Nemitz, E.; D’Odorico, P.; Buchmann, N.; Saunders, M.; Mölder, M.; Nelson, D.; Jones, M.; Pihlatie, M.; López-Ballesteros, A.; Gross, P.; Brümmer, C.; Soudani, K.; Sedlák, P.; de Ligne, A.; Dengel, S.; Cescatti, A.; Vestin, P.; Kutsch, W.; Herschlein, C.; Siebicke, L.; Jiménez, S., M.; Steinbrecher, R.; Brown, T.; Waldner, P.; Arriga, N.; Silvennoinen, H.; Haapanala, S.; Aubinet, M.; Nicolini, G.; Mereu, S.; Grace, J.; Migliavacca, M.; Carrara, A.; Laurila, T.; Lindroth, A.; Tuittila, E.; Sabbatini, S.; Tuovinen, J.; Soulé, P.; Fleck, S.; Moureaux, C.; Biraud, S.; Klemedtsson, L.; Roland, M.; Šigut, L.; Pavelka, M.; Zahniser, M.; Peichl, M.; Osborne, B.; Grünwald, T.; Berveiller, D.; Barbaste, M.; Altimir, N.; Aurela, M.; Vesala, T.; Schrumpf, M.; Saby, N., P.; Montagnani, L.; Cremonese, E.; Graf, A.; Hehn, M.; Boukir, H.; Meier, P.; Ibrom, A.; Kljun, N.; Klumpp, K.; Lohila, A.; Joly, L.; Weslien, P.; Grelle, A.; Löfvenius, M., O.; Matteucci, G.; Hufkens, K.; Longdoz, B.; Schmid, H., P.; Metzger, S.; Vincent, G.; Kolari, P.; Rebmann, C.; Simioni, G.; Merbold, L.; Kiese, R.; Fratini, G.; Ortiz, P., S.; Arrouays, D.; Mammarella, I.; Gogo, S.; Mauder, M.; Ratié, C.; Wingate, L.; Linder, S.; Tallec, T.; Nilsson, M., B.; Wohlfahrt, G.; Pumpanen, J.; Gielen, B.; Pokorný, R.; de Beeck, M., O.; Acosta, M.; Thimonier, A.; Filippa, G.; Fuß, R.; Heinesch, B.; Ayres, E.; Burba, G.; Crill, P.; Pitacco, A.; Kolle, O.; Kowalski, A.; Ceschia, E.; Skiba, U.; Peltola, O.; Vincke, C.; Manise, T.; Darenova, E.; Heiskanen, J.; Clement, R.; Sonnentag, O.; Vitale, D.; Hörtnagl, L.; Franz, D.; and Jolivet, C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Agrophysics, 32(4): 439-455. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Towards long-term standardised carbon and greenhouse gas observations for monitoring Europe’s terrestrial ecosystems: a review},\n type = {article},\n year = {2018},\n pages = {439-455},\n volume = {32},\n id = {6f6031a0-b30f-372e-a92e-283ada8c66ea},\n created = {2020-08-28T15:56:02.645Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:48.062Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Herbst2018},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = { Research infrastructures play a key role in launching a new generation of integrated long-term, geographically distributed observation programmes designed to monitor climate change, better understand its impacts on global ecosystems, and evaluate possible mitigation and adaptation strategies. The pan-European Integrated Carbon Observation System combines carbon and greenhouse gas (GHG; CO 2 , CH 4 , N 2 O, H 2 O) observations within the atmosphere, terrestrial ecosystems and oceans. High-precision measurements are obtained using standardised methodologies, are centrally processed and openly available in a traceable and verifiable fashion in combination with detailed metadata. The Integrated Carbon Observation System ecosystem station network aims to sample climate and land-cover variability across Europe. In addition to GHG flux measurements, a large set of complementary data (including management practices, vegetation and soil characteristics) is collected to support the interpretation, spatial upscaling and modelling of observed ecosystem carbon and GHG dynamics. The applied sampling design was developed and formulated in protocols by the scientific community, representing a trade-off between an ideal dataset and practical feasibility. The use of open-access, high-quality and multi-level data products by different user communities is crucial for the Integrated Carbon Observation System in order to achieve its scientific potential and societal value. },\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Herbst, Mathias and Nemitz, Eiko and D’Odorico, Petra and Buchmann, Nina and Saunders, Matthew and Mölder, Meelis and Nelson, David and Jones, Michael and Pihlatie, Mari and López-Ballesteros, Ana and Gross, Patrick and Brümmer, Christian and Soudani, Kamel and Sedlák, Pavel and de Ligne, Anne and Dengel, Sigrid and Cescatti, Alessandro and Vestin, Patrik and Kutsch, Werner and Herschlein, Christine and Siebicke, Lukas and Jiménez, Sara Maraňón and Steinbrecher, Rainer and Brown, Timothy and Waldner, Peter and Arriga, Nicola and Silvennoinen, Hanna and Haapanala, Sami and Aubinet, Marc and Nicolini, Giacomo and Mereu, Simone and Grace, John and Migliavacca, Mirco and Carrara, Arnaud and Laurila, Tuomas and Lindroth, Anders and Tuittila, Eeva-Stiina and Sabbatini, Simone and Tuovinen, Juha-Pekka and Soulé, Patrice and Fleck, Stefan and Moureaux, Christine and Biraud, Sébastien and Klemedtsson, Leif and Roland, Marilyn and Šigut, Ladislav and Pavelka, Marian and Zahniser, Mark and Peichl, Matthias and Osborne, Bruce and Grünwald, Thomas and Berveiller, Daniel and Barbaste, Mireille and Altimir, Núria and Aurela, Mika and Vesala, Timo and Schrumpf, Marion and Saby, Nicolas P.A. and Montagnani, Leonardo and Cremonese, Edoardo and Graf, Alexander and Hehn, Markus and Boukir, Hakima and Meier, Philip and Ibrom, Andreas and Kljun, Natascha and Klumpp, Katja and Lohila, Annalea and Joly, Lilian and Weslien, Per and Grelle, Achim and Löfvenius, Mikaell Ottosson and Matteucci, Giorgio and Hufkens, Koen and Longdoz, Bernhard and Schmid, Hans Peter and Metzger, Stefan and Vincent, Gaëlle and Kolari, Pasi and Rebmann, Corinna and Simioni, Guillaume and Merbold, Lutz and Kiese, Ralf and Fratini, Gerardo and Ortiz, Penelope Serrano and Arrouays, Dominique and Mammarella, Ivan and Gogo, Sébastien and Mauder, Matthias and Ratié, Céline and Wingate, Lisa and Linder, Sune and Tallec, Tiphaine and Nilsson, Mats B. and Wohlfahrt, Georg and Pumpanen, Jukka and Gielen, Bert and Pokorný, Radek and de Beeck, Maarten Op and Acosta, Manuel and Thimonier, Anne and Filippa, Gianluca and Fuß, Roland and Heinesch, Bernard and Ayres, Edward and Burba, George and Crill, Patrick and Pitacco, Andrea and Kolle, Olaf and Kowalski, Andrew and Ceschia, Eric and Skiba, Ute and Peltola, Olli and Vincke, Caroline and Manise, Tanguy and Darenova, Eva and Heiskanen, Jouni and Clement, Robert and Sonnentag, Oliver and Vitale, Domenico and Hörtnagl, Lukas and Franz, Daniela and Jolivet, Claudy},\n doi = {10.1515/intag-2017-0039},\n journal = {International Agrophysics},\n number = {4}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n What is the potential of cropland albedo management in the fight against global warming? A case study based on the use of cover crops.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Carrer, D.; Pique, G.; Ferlicoq, M.; Ceamanos, X.; and Ceschia, E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Environmental Research Letters, 13(4): 044030. 4 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"What$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {What is the potential of cropland albedo management in the fight against global warming? A case study based on the use of cover crops},\n type = {article},\n year = {2018},\n pages = {044030},\n volume = {13},\n websites = {http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/aab650,http://stacks.iop.org/1748-9326/13/i=4/a=044030?key=crossref.276a7398308864ded6c6a8aa8369e120},\n month = {4},\n day = {1},\n id = {94db3d28-8a8a-39ad-a6b4-4352631f2aad},\n created = {2021-02-11T10:53:19.045Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2021-03-02T15:39:02.240Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Carrer2018},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Carrer, Dominique and Pique, Gaétan and Ferlicoq, Morgan and Ceamanos, Xavier and Ceschia, Eric},\n doi = {10.1088/1748-9326/aab650},\n journal = {Environmental Research Letters},\n number = {4},\n keywords = {FR-LAM}\n}

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\n \n 2017\n \n \n (20)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The potential benefit of using forest biomass data in addition to carbon and water flux measurements to constrain ecosystem model parameters: Case studies at two temperate forest sites.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Thum, T.; MacBean, N.; Peylin, P.; Bacour, C.; Santaren, D.; Longdoz, B.; Loustau, D.; and Ciais, P.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 234-235: 48-65. 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {The potential benefit of using forest biomass data in addition to carbon and water flux measurements to constrain ecosystem model parameters: Case studies at two temperate forest sites},\n type = {article},\n year = {2017},\n pages = {48-65},\n volume = {234-235},\n websites = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0168192316307201},\n publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},\n id = {26984914-3c99-3ff8-8378-d357ac5562ed},\n created = {2017-01-10T08:49:16.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2021-02-05T10:33:17.695Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Thum2017},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Thum, T. and MacBean, N. and Peylin, P. and Bacour, C. and Santaren, D. and Longdoz, Bernard and Loustau, D. and Ciais, P.},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agrformet.2016.12.004},\n journal = {Agricultural and Forest Meteorology},\n keywords = {FR_HES,FR_LBR}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Environmental control of carbon allocation matters for modelling forest growth.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Guillemot, J.; Francois, C.; Hmimina, G.; Dufrêne, E.; Martin-StPaul, N., K.; Soudani, K.; Marie, G.; Ourcival, J.; and Delpierre, N.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n New Phytologist, 214(1): 180-193. 4 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Environmental$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Environmental control of carbon allocation matters for modelling forest growth},\n type = {article},\n year = {2017},\n keywords = {FR_PUE},\n pages = {180-193},\n volume = {214},\n websites = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/nph.14320},\n month = {4},\n id = {c1dbdc1f-2fdf-34d3-b69d-640673969128},\n created = {2017-03-09T10:15:03.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:49.085Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Guillemot2017},\n notes = {NULL},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Guillemot, Joannès and Francois, Christophe and Hmimina, Gabriel and Dufrêne, Eric and Martin-StPaul, Nicolas K. and Soudani, Kamel and Marie, Guillaume and Ourcival, Jean-Marc and Delpierre, Nicolas},\n doi = {10.1111/nph.14320},\n journal = {New Phytologist},\n number = {1}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Stand age and species richness dampen interannual variation of ecosystem-level photosynthetic capacity.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Musavi, T.; Migliavacca, M.; Reichstein, M.; Kattge, J.; Wirth, C.; Black, T., A.; Janssens, I.; Knohl, A.; Loustau, D.; Roupsard, O.; Varlagin, A.; Rambal, S.; Cescatti, A.; Gianelle, D.; Kondo, H.; Tamrakar, R.; and Mahecha, M., D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Nature Ecology & Evolution, 1(2): 0048. 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Stand$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Stand age and species richness dampen interannual variation of ecosystem-level photosynthetic capacity},\n type = {article},\n year = {2017},\n pages = {0048},\n volume = {1},\n websites = {http://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-016-0048},\n publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},\n id = {460d82c9-7410-31d1-8fc9-af30fb7643e8},\n created = {2017-04-03T13:02:03.057Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:46.788Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Musavi2017},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Musavi, Talie and Migliavacca, Mirco and Reichstein, Markus and Kattge, Jens and Wirth, Christian and Black, T. Andrew and Janssens, Ivan and Knohl, Alexander and Loustau, Denis and Roupsard, Olivier and Varlagin, Andrej and Rambal, Serge and Cescatti, Alessandro and Gianelle, Damiano and Kondo, Hiroaki and Tamrakar, Rijan and Mahecha, Miguel D.},\n doi = {10.1038/s41559-016-0048},\n journal = {Nature Ecology & Evolution},\n number = {2},\n keywords = {FR_HES,FR_LBR,FR_PUE}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Tree phenological ranks repeat from year to year and correlate with growth in temperate deciduous forests.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Delpierre, N.; Guillemot, J.; Dufrêne, E.; Cecchini, S.; and Nicolas, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 234-235(December 2016): 1-10. 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Tree$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Tree phenological ranks repeat from year to year and correlate with growth in temperate deciduous forests},\n type = {article},\n year = {2017},\n keywords = {FR_FON},\n pages = {1-10},\n volume = {234-235},\n websites = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0168192316307274},\n publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},\n id = {0a57b7d7-01f0-3b44-8d38-df98fb257c9c},\n created = {2017-04-14T14:08:13.031Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:48.822Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Delpierre2017},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Delpierre, Nicolas and Guillemot, Joannès and Dufrêne, Eric and Cecchini, Sébastien and Nicolas, Manuel},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agrformet.2016.12.008},\n journal = {Agricultural and Forest Meteorology},\n number = {December 2016}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Improved methodology to quantify the temperature sensitivity of the soil heterotrophic respiration in croplands.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Delogu, E.; Le Dantec, V.; Mordelet, P.; Ceschia, E.; Aubinet, M.; Buysse, P.; and Pattey, E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Geoderma, 296: 18-29. 6 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Improved$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Improved methodology to quantify the temperature sensitivity of the soil heterotrophic respiration in croplands},\n type = {article},\n year = {2017},\n keywords = {BE_LON,FR_AUR,FR_LAM},\n pages = {18-29},\n volume = {296},\n websites = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0016706117302677},\n month = {6},\n publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},\n id = {1190fd8b-04d2-3636-9635-9a7e036df30a},\n created = {2017-04-28T08:59:20.961Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:46.860Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Delogu2017},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Delogu, Emilie and Le Dantec, Valérie and Mordelet, Patrick and Ceschia, Eric and Aubinet, Marc and Buysse, Pauline and Pattey, Elizabeth},\n doi = {10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.02.017},\n journal = {Geoderma}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Short- and Long-term Influence of Litter Quality and Quantity on Simulated Heterotrophic Soil Respiration in a Lowland Tropical Forest.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Bréchet, L.; Le Dantec, V.; Ponton, S.; Goret, J., Y.; Sayer, E.; Bonal, D.; Freycon, V.; Roy, J.; and Epron, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Ecosystems,1-15. 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Short- and Long-term Influence of Litter Quality and Quantity on Simulated Heterotrophic Soil Respiration in a Lowland Tropical Forest},\n type = {article},\n year = {2017},\n keywords = {GF_GUY},\n pages = {1-15},\n id = {c4f8e984-9c94-3a0b-8d84-85590d8d4645},\n created = {2017-10-04T16:26:05.651Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:46.826Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Brechet2017},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Abstract Heterotrophic soil respiration (SRH) alone can contribute up to 50% of total ecosystem respiration in tropical forests. Whereas the abiotic controls of SRH have been extensively studied, the influence of plant traits is less well characterised. We used field experiments and a modelling approach to test the relative influence of plant traits on SRH in lowland tropical forest in French Guiana. We measured leaf- and root litter traits for five common tree species and conducted a root decomposition experiment to evaluate the influence of root chemistry on decay rates. We measured SRH in trenched plots and used our field measurements to parameterize and test the Century model of soil C dynamics. Overall, the Century model performed well in simulating SRH, and species-specific root decomposition in Century corresponded well to decomposition rates measured in situ. Root litter characterized by low lignin-to-nitrogen ratios decomposed more rapidly than low-quality root litter during the first 6 months. Model runs over different time scales revealed that litter quality substantially influenced SRH on an annual time-scale by determining the rates of root- and leaf litter decomposition. However, litter mass had an overriding influence on SRH over the longer term in 20-year model runs. Synthesis Using simple plant trait data to parameterise the Century model, we were able to accurately simulate changes in SRH in a lowland tropical forest. Our results suggest that this approach could be used to predict changes in tropical soil C dynamics under global change scenarios by including data on changes in plant productivity and C inputs to the soil (for example litterfall and root turnover).},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Bréchet, Laëtitia and Le Dantec, Valérie and Ponton, Stéphane and Goret, Jean Yves and Sayer, Emma and Bonal, Damien and Freycon, Vincent and Roy, Jacques and Epron, Daniel},\n doi = {10.1007/s10021-016-0104-x},\n journal = {Ecosystems}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Diurnal fluxes of HONO above a crop rotation.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Laufs, S.; Cazaunau, M.; Stella, P.; Kurtenbach, R.; Cellier, P.; Mellouki, A.; Loubet, B.; and Kleffmann, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 17(11): 6907-6923. 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Diurnal fluxes of HONO above a crop rotation},\n type = {article},\n year = {2017},\n pages = {6907-6923},\n volume = {17},\n id = {06d1a960-f2e4-335a-add7-8d093f6d9e2f},\n created = {2017-10-12T14:41:37.310Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:49.226Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Laufs2017},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {<p>Nitrous acid (HONO) fluxes were measured above an agricultural field site near Paris during different seasons, above bare soil and different crops using the aerodynamic gradient (AG) method. Two LOPAPs (LOng Path Absorption Photometer) were used to determine the HONO gradients between two heights. During daytime mainly positive HONO fluxes were observed which showed strong correlation with the product of the NO<sub>2</sub> concentration and the long wavelength UV light intensity, expressed by the photolysis frequency <i>J(NO</i><sub>2</sub>). These results indicate HONO formation by photosensitized heterogeneous conversion of NO<sub>2</sub> on soil surfaces as observed in recent laboratory studies. An additional influence of the soil temperature on the HONO flux can be explained by the temperature dependent HONO adsorption on the soil surface. A parameterization of the HONO flux at this location with NO<sub>2</sub> concentration, <i>J(NO</i><sub>2</sub>), soil temperature and humidity fits reasonably well all flux observations at this location.</p>},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Laufs, Sebastian and Cazaunau, Mathieu and Stella, Patrick and Kurtenbach, Ralf and Cellier, Pierre and Mellouki, Abdelwahid and Loubet, Benjamin and Kleffmann, Jörg},\n doi = {10.5194/acp-17-6907-2017},\n journal = {Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics},\n number = {11}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n The importance of radiation for semiempirical water-use efficiency models.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Boese, S.; Jung, M.; Carvalhais, N.; and Reichstein, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeosciences, 14(12): 3015-3026. 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {The importance of radiation for semiempirical water-use efficiency models},\n type = {article},\n year = {2017},\n pages = {3015-3026},\n volume = {14},\n id = {5b801aa9-1b1e-3fcf-86ad-740a0617d4de},\n created = {2017-10-23T12:53:50.209Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:48.972Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Boese2017},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Water-use efficiency (WUE) is a fundamental property for the coupling of carbon and water cycles in plants and ecosystems. Existing model formulations predicting this variable differ in the type of response of WUE to the atmospheric vapor pressure deficit of water (VPD). We tested a representative WUE model on ecosystem scale at 110 eddy-covariance sites of the FLUXNET initiative by predicting evapotranspiration (ET) based on gross primary productivity (GPP) and VPD. We found that introducing an intercept term in the formulation increases model performance considerably, indicating that an additional factor needs to be considered. We demonstrate that this intercept term varies seasonally and we subsequently associate it with radiation. Replacing the constant intercept term with a linear function of global radiation was found to further improve model predictions of ET. Our new semi-empirical ecosystem WUE formulation indicates that, averaged over all sites, this radiation term accounts for up to half (40&ndash;49 %) of transpiration. These empirical findings challenge the current understanding of water-use efficiency on ecosystem-scale.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Boese, Sven and Jung, Martin and Carvalhais, Nuno and Reichstein, Markus},\n doi = {10.5194/bg-14-3015-2017},\n journal = {Biogeosciences},\n number = {12},\n keywords = {FR_FON,FR_GRI,FR_HES,FR_LBr}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Estimation of Community Land Model parameters for an improved assessment of net carbon fluxes at European sites.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Post, H.; Vrugt, J., A.; Fox, A.; Vereecken, H.; and Hendricks Franssen, H., J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 122(3): 661-689. 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Estimation of Community Land Model parameters for an improved assessment of net carbon fluxes at European sites},\n type = {article},\n year = {2017},\n keywords = {FR_FON},\n pages = {661-689},\n volume = {122},\n id = {79d3f5a1-eaa5-38bb-8f5b-65c35082c816},\n created = {2017-10-23T12:53:50.228Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:49.106Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Post2017},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Post, Hanna and Vrugt, Jasper A. and Fox, Andrew and Vereecken, Harry and Hendricks Franssen, Harrie Jan},\n doi = {10.1002/2015JG003297},\n journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences},\n number = {3}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n The interactions between soil-biosphere-atmosphere (ISBA) land surface model multi-energy balance (MEB) option in SURFEXv8 - Part 2: Introduction of a litter formulation and model evaluation for local-scale forest sites.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Napoly, A.; Boone, A.; Samuelsson, P.; Gollvik, S.; Martin, E.; Seferian, R.; Carrer, D.; Decharme, B.; and Jarlan, L.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Geoscientific Model Development, 10(4): 1621-1644. 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {The interactions between soil-biosphere-atmosphere (ISBA) land surface model multi-energy balance (MEB) option in SURFEXv8 - Part 2: Introduction of a litter formulation and model evaluation for local-scale forest sites},\n type = {article},\n year = {2017},\n pages = {1621-1644},\n volume = {10},\n id = {7c990f64-b0d6-3fa3-8b65-a9bd42bfee94},\n created = {2017-10-23T12:53:50.369Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:47.127Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Napoly2017},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Land surface models (LSMs) need to balance a complicated trade-off between computational cost and complexity in order to adequately represent the exchanges of energy, water and matter with the atmosphere and the ocean. Some current generation LSMs use a simplified or composite canopy approach that generates recurrent errors in simulated soil temperature and turbulent fluxes. In response to these issues, a new version of the interactions between soil–biosphere–atmosphere (ISBA) land surface model has recently been developed that explicitly solves the transfer of energy and water from the upper canopy and the forest floor, which is characterized as a litter layer. The multi-energy balance (MEB) version of ISBA is first evaluated for three well-instrumented contrasting local-scale sites, and sensitivity tests are performed to explore the behavior of new model parameters. Second, ISBA-MEB is benchmarked against observations from 42 forested sites from the global micro-meteorological network (FLUXNET) for multiple annual cycles. It is shown that ISBA-MEB outperforms the composite version of ISBA in improving the representation of soil temperature, ground, sensible and, to a lesser extent, latent heat fluxes. Both versions of ISBA give comparable results in terms of simulated latent heat flux because of the similar formulations of the water uptake and the stomatal resistance. However, MEB produces a better agreement with the observations of sensible heat flux than the previous version of ISBA for 87.5 % of the simulated years across the 42 forested FLUXNET sites. Most of this improvement arises owing to the improved simulation of the ground conduction flux, which is greatly improved using MEB, especially owing to the forest litter parameterization. It is also shown that certain processes are also modeled more realistically (such as the partitioning of evapotranspiration into transpiration and ground evaporation), even if certain statistical performances are neutral. The analyses demonstrate that the shading effect of the vegetation, the explicit treatment of turbulent transfer for the canopy and ground, and the insulating thermal and hydrological effects of the forest floor litter turn out to be essential for simulating the exchange of energy, water and matter across a large range of forest types and climates.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Napoly, Adrien and Boone, Aaron and Samuelsson, Patrick and Gollvik, Stefan and Martin, Eric and Seferian, Roland and Carrer, Dominique and Decharme, Bertrand and Jarlan, Lionel},\n doi = {10.5194/gmd-10-1621-2017},\n journal = {Geoscientific Model Development},\n number = {4},\n keywords = {FR_FON,FR_LBR,FR_PUE}\n}

\n\n\n

\n Land surface models (LSMs) need to balance a complicated trade-off between computational cost and complexity in order to adequately represent the exchanges of energy, water and matter with the atmosphere and the ocean. Some current generation LSMs use a simplified or composite canopy approach that generates recurrent errors in simulated soil temperature and turbulent fluxes. In response to these issues, a new version of the interactions between soil–biosphere–atmosphere (ISBA) land surface model has recently been developed that explicitly solves the transfer of energy and water from the upper canopy and the forest floor, which is characterized as a litter layer. The multi-energy balance (MEB) version of ISBA is first evaluated for three well-instrumented contrasting local-scale sites, and sensitivity tests are performed to explore the behavior of new model parameters. Second, ISBA-MEB is benchmarked against observations from 42 forested sites from the global micro-meteorological network (FLUXNET) for multiple annual cycles. It is shown that ISBA-MEB outperforms the composite version of ISBA in improving the representation of soil temperature, ground, sensible and, to a lesser extent, latent heat fluxes. Both versions of ISBA give comparable results in terms of simulated latent heat flux because of the similar formulations of the water uptake and the stomatal resistance. However, MEB produces a better agreement with the observations of sensible heat flux than the previous version of ISBA for 87.5 % of the simulated years across the 42 forested FLUXNET sites. Most of this improvement arises owing to the improved simulation of the ground conduction flux, which is greatly improved using MEB, especially owing to the forest litter parameterization. It is also shown that certain processes are also modeled more realistically (such as the partitioning of evapotranspiration into transpiration and ground evaporation), even if certain statistical performances are neutral. The analyses demonstrate that the shading effect of the vegetation, the explicit treatment of turbulent transfer for the canopy and ground, and the insulating thermal and hydrological effects of the forest floor litter turn out to be essential for simulating the exchange of energy, water and matter across a large range of forest types and climates.\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Atmospheric deposition, CO2, and change in the land carbon sink.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Fernández-Martínez, M.; Vicca, S.; Janssens, I., A.; Ciais, P.; Obersteiner, M.; Bartrons, M.; Sardans, J.; Verger, A.; Canadell, J., G.; Chevallier, F.; Wang, X.; Bernhofer, C.; Curtis, P., S.; Gianelle, D.; Grünwald, T.; Heinesch, B.; Ibrom, A.; Knohl, A.; Laurila, T.; Law, B., E.; Limousin, J., M.; Longdoz, B.; Loustau, D.; Mammarella, I.; Matteucci, G.; Monson, R., K.; Montagnani, L.; Moors, E., J.; Munger, J., W.; Papale, D.; Piao, S., L.; and Peñuelas, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Scientific Reports, 7(1): 9632. 12 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Atmospheric$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Atmospheric deposition, CO2, and change in the land carbon sink},\n type = {article},\n year = {2017},\n pages = {9632},\n volume = {7},\n websites = {http://www.millenniumassessment.org/en/Framework.html%5Cnhttp://www.who.int/entity/globalchange/ecosystems/ecosys.pdf%5Cnhttp://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip0512/2005013229.html%5Cnhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15003161%5Cnhttp://cid.oxfordjournals.org},\n month = {12},\n day = {29},\n id = {f43cb98b-9112-3fc5-8cb9-8c7c696d2d2c},\n created = {2017-10-24T08:15:37.002Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2021-02-05T10:33:17.532Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Fernandez-Martinez2017},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) have continued to increase whereas atmospheric deposition of sulphur and nitrogen has declined in Europe and the USA during recent decades. Using time series of flux observations from 23 forests distributed throughout Europe and the USA, and generalised mixed models, we found that forest-level net ecosystem production and gross primary production have increased by 1% annually from 1995 to 2011. Statistical models indicated that increasing atmospheric CO2 was the most important factor driving the increasing strength of carbon sinks in these forests. We also found that the reduction of sulphur deposition in Europe and the USA lead to higher recovery in ecosystem respiration than in gross primary production, thus limiting the increase of carbon sequestration. By contrast, trends in climate and nitrogen deposition did not significantly contribute to changing carbon fluxes during the studied period. Our findings support the hypothesis of a general CO2-fertilization effect on vegetation growth and suggest that, so far unknown, sulphur deposition plays a significant role in the carbon balance of forests in industrialized regions. Our results show the need to include the effects of changing atmospheric composition, beyond CO2, to assess future dynamics of carbon-climate feedbacks not currently considered in earth system/climate modelling.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Fernández-Martínez, Marcos and Vicca, Sara and Janssens, Ivan. A. and Ciais, Philippe and Obersteiner, Michael and Bartrons, Mireia and Sardans, Jordi and Verger, Aleixandre and Canadell, Josep G. and Chevallier, Frédéric and Wang, Xuhui and Bernhofer, Christian and Curtis, Peter S. and Gianelle, Damiano and Grünwald, T. and Heinesch, B. and Ibrom, A. and Knohl, A. and Laurila, T. and Law, B. E. and Limousin, J. M. and Longdoz, Bernard and Loustau, D. and Mammarella, I. and Matteucci, G. and Monson, R. K. and Montagnani, Leonardo and Moors, E. J. and Munger, J. W. and Papale, D. and Piao, S. L. and Peñuelas, J.},\n doi = {10.1038/s41598-017-08755-8},\n journal = {Scientific Reports},\n number = {1},\n keywords = {FR_HES,FR_LBR,_FR_PUE}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Stem hydraulic capacitance decreases with drought stress: implications for modelling tree hydraulics in the Mediterranean oak Quercus ilex.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Salomón, R., L.; Limousin, J., M.; Ourcival, J., M.; Rodríguez-Calcerrada, J.; and Steppe, K.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Plant Cell and Environment, 40(8): 1379-1391. 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Stem hydraulic capacitance decreases with drought stress: implications for modelling tree hydraulics in the Mediterranean oak Quercus ilex},\n type = {article},\n year = {2017},\n keywords = {FR_PUE},\n pages = {1379-1391},\n volume = {40},\n id = {8fd7b22a-94f3-39d4-80d3-800c1ce73424},\n created = {2017-10-24T09:07:16.933Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:47.421Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Salomon2017},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Salomón, Roberto L. and Limousin, Jean Marc and Ourcival, Jean Marc and Rodríguez-Calcerrada, Jesús and Steppe, Kathy},\n doi = {10.1111/pce.12928},\n journal = {Plant Cell and Environment},\n number = {8}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Climate controls over the net carbon uptake period and amplitude of net ecosystem production in temperate and boreal ecosystems.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Fu, Z.; Stoy, P., C.; Luo, Y.; Chen, J.; Sun, J.; Montagnani, L.; Wohlfahrt, G.; Rahman, A., F.; Rambal, S.; Bernhofer, C.; Wang, J.; Shirkey, G.; and Niu, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 243(May): 9-18. 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Climate$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Climate controls over the net carbon uptake period and amplitude of net ecosystem production in temperate and boreal ecosystems},\n type = {article},\n year = {2017},\n keywords = {FR_HES,FR_PUE},\n pages = {9-18},\n volume = {243},\n websites = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2017.05.009},\n publisher = {Elsevier},\n id = {8c4b5ee3-2915-32c5-a6fa-8ba90d6672a8},\n created = {2017-10-24T09:07:16.945Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:47.366Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Fu2017},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The seasonal and interannual variability of the terrestrial carbon cycle is regulated by the interactions of climate and ecosystem function. However, the key factors and processes determining the interannual variability of net ecosystem productivity (NEP) in different biomes are far from clear. Here, we quantified yearly anomalies of seasonal and annual NEP, net carbon uptake period (CUP), and the maximum daily NEP (NEPmax) in response to climatic variables in 24 deciduous broadleaf forest (DBF), evergreen forest (EF), and grassland (GRA) ecosystems that include at least eight years of eddy covariance observations. Over the 228 site-years studied, interannual variations in NEP were mostly explained by anomalies of CUP and NEPmax. CUP was determined by spring and autumn net carbon uptake phenology, which were sensitive to annual meteorological variability. Warmer spring temperatures led to an earlier start of net carbon uptake activity and higher spring and annual NEP values in DBF and EF, while warmer autumn temperatures in DBF, higher autumn radiation in EF, and more summer and autumn precipitation in GRA resulted in a later ending date of net carbon uptake and associated higher autumn and annual NEP. Anomalies in NEPmax s were determined by summer precipitation in DBF and GRA, and explained more than 50% of variation in summer NEP anomalies for all the three biomes. Results demonstrate the role of meteorological variability in controlling CUP and NEPmax, which in turn help describe the seasonal and interannual variability of NEP.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Fu, Zheng and Stoy, Paul C. and Luo, Yiqi and Chen, Jiquan and Sun, Jian and Montagnani, Leonardo and Wohlfahrt, Georg and Rahman, Abdullah F. and Rambal, Serge and Bernhofer, Christian and Wang, Jinsong and Shirkey, Gabriela and Niu, Shuli},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agrformet.2017.05.009},\n journal = {Agricultural and Forest Meteorology},\n number = {May}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Effects of high spatial and temporal resolution Earth observations on simulated hydrometeorological variables in a cropland (southwestern France).\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Etchanchu, J.; Rivalland, V.; Gascoin, S.; Cros, J.; Tallec, T.; Brut, A.; and Boulet, G.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 21(11): 5693-5708. 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Effects of high spatial and temporal resolution Earth observations on simulated hydrometeorological variables in a cropland (southwestern France)},\n type = {article},\n year = {2017},\n keywords = {FR_AUR,FR_LAM},\n pages = {5693-5708},\n volume = {21},\n id = {8e59c484-20ad-330f-906d-c02250a1e708},\n created = {2018-01-18T09:59:24.548Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:48.378Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Etchanchu2017},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Etchanchu, Jordi and Rivalland, Vincent and Gascoin, Simon and Cros, Jérôme and Tallec, Tiphaine and Brut, Aurore and Boulet, Gilles},\n doi = {10.5194/hess-21-5693-2017},\n journal = {Hydrology and Earth System Sciences},\n number = {11}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Impacts of droughts and extreme temperature events on gross primary production and ecosystem respiration: a systematic assessment across ecosystems and climate zones.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n von Buttlar, J.; Zscheichler, J.; Rammig, A.; Sippel, S.; Reichstein, M.; Knohl, A.; Jung, M.; Menzer, O.; Arain, M., A.; Buchmann, N.; Cescatti, A.; Gianelle, D.; Kieley, G.; Law, B., E.; Magliulo, V.; Margolis, H.; McCaughey, H.; Merbold, L.; Migliavacca, M.; Montagnani, L.; Oechel, W.; Pavelka, M.; Peichl, M.; Rambal, S.; Raschi, A.; Scott, R., L.; Vaccari, F., P.; van Gorsel, E.; Varlagin, A.; Wohlfahrt, G.; and Mahecha, M., D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeosciences Discussions, (September): 1-39. 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Impacts$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Impacts of droughts and extreme temperature events on gross primary production and ecosystem respiration: a systematic assessment across ecosystems and climate zones},\n type = {article},\n year = {2017},\n pages = {1-39},\n websites = {https://www.biogeosciences-discuss.net/bg-2017-393/},\n id = {c4117b8f-1839-3569-b797-fe12b03ccd2a},\n created = {2018-01-18T16:53:31.765Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:48.826Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {VonButtlar2017},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Extreme climatic events, such as droughts and heat stress induce anomalies in ecosystem-atmosphere CO2 fluxes, such as gross primary production (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (Reco), and, hence, can change the net ecosystem carbon balance. However, despite our increasing understanding of the underlying mechanisms, the magnitudes of the impacts of different types of extremes on GPP and Reco within and between ecosystems remain poorly predicted. Here we aim to identify the major factors controlling the amplitude of extreme event impacts on GPP, Reco, and the resulting net ecosystem production (NEP). We focus on the impacts of heat and drought and their combination. We identified hydrometeorological extreme events in consistently downscaled water availability and temperature measurements over a 30 year time period. We then used FLUXNET eddy-covariance flux measurements to estimate the CO2 flux anomalies during these extreme events across dominant vegetation types and climate zones. Overall, our results indicate that short-term heat extremes increased respiration more strongly than they down-regulated GPP, resulting in a moderate reduction of the ecosystem’s carbon sink potential. In the absence of heat stress, droughts tended to have smaller and similarly dampening effects on both GPP and Reco, and, hence, often resulted in neutral NEP responses. The combination of drought and heat typically led to a strong decrease in GPP, whereas heat and drought impacts on respiration partially offset each other. Taken together, compound heat and drought events led to the strongest C sink reduction compared to any single-factor extreme. A key insight of this paper, however, is that duration matters most: for heat stress during droughts, the magnitude of impacts systematically increased with duration, whereas under heat stress without drought, the response of Reco over time turned from an initial increase to a down-regulation after about two weeks. This confirms earlier theories that not only the magnitude but also the duration of an extreme event determines its impact. Our study corroborates the results of several local site-level case studies, but as a novelty generalizes these findings at the global scale. Specifically, we find that the different response functions of the two antipodal land-atmosphere fluxes GPP and Reco can also result in increasing NEP during certain extreme conditions. Apparently counterintuitive findings of this kind bear great potential for scrutinizing the mechanisms implemented in state-of-the-art terrestrial biosphere models and provide a benchmark for future model development and testing.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {von Buttlar, Jannis and Zscheichler, Jakob and Rammig, Anja and Sippel, Sebastian and Reichstein, Markus and Knohl, Alexander and Jung, Martin and Menzer, Olaf and Arain, M. Altaf and Buchmann, Nina and Cescatti, Alessandro and Gianelle, Damiano and Kieley, Gerard and Law, Beverly E. and Magliulo, Vincenzo and Margolis, Hank and McCaughey, Harry and Merbold, Lutz and Migliavacca, Mirco and Montagnani, Leonardo and Oechel, Walter and Pavelka, Marian and Peichl, Matthias and Rambal, Serge and Raschi, Antonio and Scott, Russell L. and Vaccari, Francesco P. and van Gorsel, Eva and Varlagin, Andrej and Wohlfahrt, Georg and Mahecha, Miguel D.},\n doi = {10.5194/bg-2017-393},\n journal = {Biogeosciences Discussions},\n number = {September},\n keywords = {FR_Hes,FR_LBr,FR_PUE}\n}

\n\n\n

\n Extreme climatic events, such as droughts and heat stress induce anomalies in ecosystem-atmosphere CO2 fluxes, such as gross primary production (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (Reco), and, hence, can change the net ecosystem carbon balance. However, despite our increasing understanding of the underlying mechanisms, the magnitudes of the impacts of different types of extremes on GPP and Reco within and between ecosystems remain poorly predicted. Here we aim to identify the major factors controlling the amplitude of extreme event impacts on GPP, Reco, and the resulting net ecosystem production (NEP). We focus on the impacts of heat and drought and their combination. We identified hydrometeorological extreme events in consistently downscaled water availability and temperature measurements over a 30 year time period. We then used FLUXNET eddy-covariance flux measurements to estimate the CO2 flux anomalies during these extreme events across dominant vegetation types and climate zones. Overall, our results indicate that short-term heat extremes increased respiration more strongly than they down-regulated GPP, resulting in a moderate reduction of the ecosystem’s carbon sink potential. In the absence of heat stress, droughts tended to have smaller and similarly dampening effects on both GPP and Reco, and, hence, often resulted in neutral NEP responses. The combination of drought and heat typically led to a strong decrease in GPP, whereas heat and drought impacts on respiration partially offset each other. Taken together, compound heat and drought events led to the strongest C sink reduction compared to any single-factor extreme. A key insight of this paper, however, is that duration matters most: for heat stress during droughts, the magnitude of impacts systematically increased with duration, whereas under heat stress without drought, the response of Reco over time turned from an initial increase to a down-regulation after about two weeks. This confirms earlier theories that not only the magnitude but also the duration of an extreme event determines its impact. Our study corroborates the results of several local site-level case studies, but as a novelty generalizes these findings at the global scale. Specifically, we find that the different response functions of the two antipodal land-atmosphere fluxes GPP and Reco can also result in increasing NEP during certain extreme conditions. Apparently counterintuitive findings of this kind bear great potential for scrutinizing the mechanisms implemented in state-of-the-art terrestrial biosphere models and provide a benchmark for future model development and testing.\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Assessing uncertainties in crop and pasture ensemble model simulations of productivity and N2O emissions.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Ehrhardt, F.; Soussana, J.; Bellocchi, G.; Grace, P.; McAuliffe, R.; Recous, S.; Sándor, R.; Smith, P.; Snow, V.; de Antoni Migliorati, M.; Basso, B.; Bhatia, A.; Brilli, L.; Doltra, J.; Dorich, C., D.; Doro, L.; Fitton, N.; Giacomini, S., J.; Grant, B.; Harrison, M., T.; Jones, S., K.; Kirschbaum, M., U., F.; Klumpp, K.; Laville, P.; Léonard, J.; Liebig, M.; Lieffering, M.; Martin, R.; Massad, R., S.; Meier, E.; Merbold, L.; Moore, A., D.; Myrgiotis, V.; Newton, P.; Pattey, E.; Rolinski, S.; Sharp, J.; Smith, W., N.; Wu, L.; and Zhang, Q.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global Change Biology, (October 2017): 603-616. 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Assessing$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Assessing uncertainties in crop and pasture ensemble model simulations of productivity and N2O emissions},\n type = {article},\n year = {2017},\n pages = {603-616},\n websites = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/gcb.13965},\n id = {8ea310de-031a-3d9b-9b43-071bbb8702fe},\n created = {2018-02-27T15:25:53.354Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:47.207Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Ehrhardt2017},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Simulation models are extensively used to predict agricultural productivity and greenhouse gas emissions. However, the uncertainties of (reduced) model ensemble simulations have not been assessed systematically for variables affecting food security and climate change mitigation, within multi-species agricultural contexts. We report an international model comparison and benchmarking exercise, showing the potential of multi-model ensembles to predict productivity and nitrous oxide (N2 O) emissions for wheat, maize, rice and temperate grasslands. Using a multi-stage modelling protocol, from blind simulations (stage 1) to partial (stages 2-4) and full calibration (stage 5), 24 process-based biogeochemical models were assessed individually or as an ensemble against long-term experimental data from four temperate grassland and five arable crop rotation sites spanning four continents. Comparisons were performed by reference to the experimental uncertainties of observed yields and N2 O emissions. Results showed that across sites and crop/grassland types, 23%-40% of the uncalibrated individual models were within two standard deviations (SD) of observed yields, while 42 (rice) to 96% (grasslands) of the models were within 1 SD of observed N2 O emissions. At stage 1, ensembles formed by the three lowest prediction model errors predicted both yields and N2 O emissions within experimental uncertainties for 44% and 33% of the crop and grassland growth cycles, respectively. Partial model calibration (stages 2-4) markedly reduced prediction errors of the full model ensemble E-median for crop grain yields (from 36% at stage 1 down to 4% on average) and grassland productivity (from 44% to 27%) and to a lesser and more variable extent for N2 O emissions. Yield-scaled N2 O emissions (N2 O emissions divided by crop yields) were ranked accurately by three-model ensembles across crop species and field sites. The potential of using process-based model ensembles to predict jointly productivity and N2 O emissions at field scale is discussed.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Ehrhardt, Fiona and Soussana, Jean-François and Bellocchi, Gianni and Grace, Peter and McAuliffe, Russel and Recous, Sylvie and Sándor, Renáta and Smith, Pete and Snow, Val and de Antoni Migliorati, Massimiliano and Basso, Bruno and Bhatia, Arti and Brilli, Lorenzo and Doltra, Jordi and Dorich, Christopher D. and Doro, Luca and Fitton, Nuala and Giacomini, Sandro J. and Grant, Brian and Harrison, Matthew T. and Jones, Stephanie K. and Kirschbaum, Miko U. F. and Klumpp, Katja and Laville, Patricia and Léonard, Joël and Liebig, Mark and Lieffering, Mark and Martin, Raphaël and Massad, Raia S. and Meier, Elizabeth and Merbold, Lutz and Moore, Andrew D. and Myrgiotis, Vasileios and Newton, Paul and Pattey, Elizabeth and Rolinski, Susanne and Sharp, Joanna and Smith, Ward N. and Wu, Lianhai and Zhang, Qing},\n doi = {10.1111/gcb.13965},\n journal = {Global Change Biology},\n number = {October 2017},\n keywords = {FR_GRI,FR_LQ1}\n}

\n\n\n

\n Simulation models are extensively used to predict agricultural productivity and greenhouse gas emissions. However, the uncertainties of (reduced) model ensemble simulations have not been assessed systematically for variables affecting food security and climate change mitigation, within multi-species agricultural contexts. We report an international model comparison and benchmarking exercise, showing the potential of multi-model ensembles to predict productivity and nitrous oxide (N2 O) emissions for wheat, maize, rice and temperate grasslands. Using a multi-stage modelling protocol, from blind simulations (stage 1) to partial (stages 2-4) and full calibration (stage 5), 24 process-based biogeochemical models were assessed individually or as an ensemble against long-term experimental data from four temperate grassland and five arable crop rotation sites spanning four continents. Comparisons were performed by reference to the experimental uncertainties of observed yields and N2 O emissions. Results showed that across sites and crop/grassland types, 23%-40% of the uncalibrated individual models were within two standard deviations (SD) of observed yields, while 42 (rice) to 96% (grasslands) of the models were within 1 SD of observed N2 O emissions. At stage 1, ensembles formed by the three lowest prediction model errors predicted both yields and N2 O emissions within experimental uncertainties for 44% and 33% of the crop and grassland growth cycles, respectively. Partial model calibration (stages 2-4) markedly reduced prediction errors of the full model ensemble E-median for crop grain yields (from 36% at stage 1 down to 4% on average) and grassland productivity (from 44% to 27%) and to a lesser and more variable extent for N2 O emissions. Yield-scaled N2 O emissions (N2 O emissions divided by crop yields) were ranked accurately by three-model ensembles across crop species and field sites. The potential of using process-based model ensembles to predict jointly productivity and N2 O emissions at field scale is discussed.\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Inter-annual variability of net and gross ecosystem carbon fluxes: A review.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Baldocchi, D., D.; Chu, H.; and Reichstein, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, (May): 0-1. 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Inter-annual$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Inter-annual variability of net and gross ecosystem carbon fluxes: A review},\n type = {article},\n year = {2017},\n keywords = {FR_HES,FR_PUE},\n pages = {0-1},\n websites = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2017.05.015},\n publisher = {Elsevier},\n id = {6e858467-27c7-32f2-aa93-c4e3192e4cb3},\n created = {2018-03-20T13:52:36.171Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:48.654Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Baldocchi2017},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Baldocchi, Dennis D. and Chu, Housen and Reichstein, Markus},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agrformet.2017.05.015},\n journal = {Agricultural and Forest Meteorology},\n number = {May}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Simulation of the Unexpected Photosynthetic Seasonality in Amazonian Evergreen Forests by Using an Improved Diffuse Fraction-Based Light Use Efficiency Model.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Yan, H.; Wang, S., Q.; da Rocha, H., R.; Rap, A.; Bonal, D.; Butt, N.; Coupe, N., R.; and Shugart, H., H.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 122(11): 3014-3030. 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Simulation of the Unexpected Photosynthetic Seasonality in Amazonian Evergreen Forests by Using an Improved Diffuse Fraction-Based Light Use Efficiency Model},\n type = {article},\n year = {2017},\n keywords = {GF_GUY},\n pages = {3014-3030},\n volume = {122},\n id = {8b6f72ba-3371-3b2f-817e-467cbad3cebb},\n created = {2018-03-23T10:50:12.914Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:47.529Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Yan2017},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {©2017. American Geophysical Union. Understanding the mechanism of photosynthetic seasonality in Amazonian evergreen forests is critical for its formulation in global climate and carbon cycle models. However, the control of the unexpected photosynthetic seasonality is highly uncertain. Here we use eddy-covariance data across a network of Amazonian research sites and a novel evapotranspiration (E) and two-leaf-photosynthesis-coupled model to investigate links between photosynthetic seasonality and climate factors on monthly scales. It reproduces the GPP seasonality (R 2 = 0.45-0.69) with a root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 0.67-1.25 g C m -2 d -1 and a Bias of -0.03-1.04 g C m -2 d -1 for four evergreen forest sites. We find that the proportion of diffuse and direct sunlight governs the photosynthetic seasonality via their interaction with sunlit and shaded leaves, supported by a proof that canopy light use efficiency (LUE) has a strong linear relationship with the fraction of diffuse sunlight for Amazonian evergreen forests. In the transition from dry season to rainy season, incident total radiation (Q) decreased while LUE and diffuse fraction increased, which produced the large seasonal increase (~34%) in GPP of evergreen forests. We conclude that diffuse radiation is an important environmental driver of the photosynthetic seasonality in tropical Amazon forests yet depending on light utilization by sunlit and shaded leaves. Besides, the GPP model simulates the precipitation-dominated GPP seasonality (R 2 = 0.40-0.69) at pasture and savanna sites. These findings present an improved physiological method to relate light components with GPP in tropical Amazon.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Yan, Hao and Wang, Shao Qiang and da Rocha, Humberto R. and Rap, Alexandru and Bonal, Damien and Butt, Nathalie and Coupe, Natalia Restrepo and Shugart, Herman H.},\n doi = {10.1002/2017JG004008},\n journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences},\n number = {11}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Water stress induced breakdown of carbon-water relations: indicators from diurnal FLUXNET patterns.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Nelson, J., A.; Carvalhais, N.; Migliavacca, M.; Reichstein, M.; and Jung, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeosciences Discussions, 19(October): 1-19. 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Water$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Water stress induced breakdown of carbon-water relations: indicators from diurnal FLUXNET patterns},\n type = {article},\n year = {2017},\n pages = {1-19},\n volume = {19},\n websites = {https://www.biogeosciences-discuss.net/bg-2017-152/},\n id = {561e7178-441b-3d2c-8fb0-1ed8ae3a2e62},\n created = {2018-04-24T14:30:58.966Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:47.277Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Nelson2017},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Understanding of terrestrial carbon and water cycles is currently hampered by an uncertainty in how to capture the large variety of plant responses to drought across climates, ecological strategies, and environments. In FLUXNET, the global network of CO2 and H2O flux observations, many sites do not uniformly report the ancillary variables needed to study drought response physiology such as soil moisture, sap flux, or species composition. In this sense, the use of diurnal energy, water, and carbon flux patterns to derive clues on ecosystem water limitation responses at a daily resolution could prove valuable, if nothing less than a benchmark to test current hypotheses. To this end, we propose two data-driven indicators derived directly from the eddy covariance data and based on theorized physiological responses to hydraulic and non-stomatal limitations. Hydraulic limitations (i.e. intra-plant limitations to water movement) are proxied using the relative diurnal centroid (C*ET), which measures the degree to which the flux of evapotranspiration (ET) is shifted toward the morning. Non-stomatal limitations (e.g. inhibitions of biochemical reactions, Rubisco activity, and/or mesophyll conductance) are characterized by the Diurnal Water:Carbon Index (DWCI), which measures the degree of coupling between ET and gross primary productivity (GPP) within each day. Globally, we found indications of hydraulic limitations in the form of significantly high frequencies of morning shifted days in dry/Mediterranean climates and savanna/evergreen plant functional types (PFT), whereas high frequencies of decoupling were dominated by dry climates and grassland/savanna PFTs indicating a prevalence of non-stomatal limitations in these ecosystems. Overall, both the diurnal centroid and DWCI were associated with high net radiation and low latent energy typical of drought. Using three water use efficiency (WUE) models, we found the mean differences between expected and observed WUE to be &minus;0.14 to 0.56&thinsp;&mu;mol/mmol and &minus;0.52 to &minus;0.64&thinsp;&mu;mol/mmol for decoupled and morning shifted days respectively compared to mean differences &minus;1.41 to &minus;1.43&thinsp;&mu;mol/mmol in dry conditions. These results suggest that morning shifts/hydraulic responses are associated with an increase in WUE whereas decoupling/non-stomatal limitations are not.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Nelson, Jacob A. and Carvalhais, Nuno and Migliavacca, Mirco and Reichstein, Markus and Jung, Martin},\n doi = {10.5194/bg-2017-152},\n journal = {Biogeosciences Discussions},\n number = {October},\n keywords = {FR8LBR,FR_AUR,FR_FON,FR_GRI,FR_HES,FR_LAM,FR_LQ1,FR_LQ2,FR_PUE,GF_GUY}\n}

\n\n\n

\n Understanding of terrestrial carbon and water cycles is currently hampered by an uncertainty in how to capture the large variety of plant responses to drought across climates, ecological strategies, and environments. In FLUXNET, the global network of CO2 and H2O flux observations, many sites do not uniformly report the ancillary variables needed to study drought response physiology such as soil moisture, sap flux, or species composition. In this sense, the use of diurnal energy, water, and carbon flux patterns to derive clues on ecosystem water limitation responses at a daily resolution could prove valuable, if nothing less than a benchmark to test current hypotheses. To this end, we propose two data-driven indicators derived directly from the eddy covariance data and based on theorized physiological responses to hydraulic and non-stomatal limitations. Hydraulic limitations (i.e. intra-plant limitations to water movement) are proxied using the relative diurnal centroid (C*ET), which measures the degree to which the flux of evapotranspiration (ET) is shifted toward the morning. Non-stomatal limitations (e.g. inhibitions of biochemical reactions, Rubisco activity, and/or mesophyll conductance) are characterized by the Diurnal Water:Carbon Index (DWCI), which measures the degree of coupling between ET and gross primary productivity (GPP) within each day. Globally, we found indications of hydraulic limitations in the form of significantly high frequencies of morning shifted days in dry/Mediterranean climates and savanna/evergreen plant functional types (PFT), whereas high frequencies of decoupling were dominated by dry climates and grassland/savanna PFTs indicating a prevalence of non-stomatal limitations in these ecosystems. Overall, both the diurnal centroid and DWCI were associated with high net radiation and low latent energy typical of drought. Using three water use efficiency (WUE) models, we found the mean differences between expected and observed WUE to be −0.14 to 0.56 μmol/mmol and −0.52 to −0.64 μmol/mmol for decoupled and morning shifted days respectively compared to mean differences −1.41 to −1.43 μmol/mmol in dry conditions. These results suggest that morning shifts/hydraulic responses are associated with an increase in WUE whereas decoupling/non-stomatal limitations are not.\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Long-term spatial distributions and trends of the latent heat fluxes over the global cropland ecosystem using multiple satellite-based models.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Feng, F.; Li, X.; Yao, Y.; and Liu, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n PLoS ONE, 12(8): 1-18. 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Long-term spatial distributions and trends of the latent heat fluxes over the global cropland ecosystem using multiple satellite-based models},\n type = {article},\n year = {2017},\n pages = {1-18},\n volume = {12},\n id = {92bb8c11-86c7-3563-ae55-f14a739726c8},\n created = {2018-10-10T14:59:10.844Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:47.392Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Feng2017},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Estimating cropland latent heat flux (LE) from continental to global scales is vital to modeling crop production and managing water resources. Over the past several decades, numerous LE models were developed, such as the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer LE (MOD16) algorithm, revised remote sensing-based Penman–Monteith LE algorithm (RRS), the Priestley–Taylor LE algorithm of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (PT-JPL) and the modified satellite-based Priestley-Taylor LE algorithm (MS-PT). However, these LE models have not been directly compared over the global cropland ecosystem using various algorithms. In this study, we evaluated the performances of these four LE models using 34 eddy covariance (EC) sites. The results showed that mean annual LE for cropland varied from 33.49 to 58.97 W/m2 among the four models. The interannual LE slightly increased during 1982–2009 across the global cropland ecosystem. All models had acceptable performances with the coefficient of determination (R2) ranging from 0.4 to 0.7 and a root mean squared error (RMSE) of approximately 35 W/m2. MS-PT had good overall performance across the cropland ecosystem with the highest R2, lowest RMSE and a relatively low bias. The reduced performances of MOD16 and RRS, with R2 ranging from 0.4 to 0.6 and RMSEs from 30 to 39 W/m2, might be attributed to empirical parameters in the structure algorithms and calibrated coefficients.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Feng, Fei and Li, Xianglan and Yao, Yunjun and Liu, Meng},\n doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0183771},\n journal = {PLoS ONE},\n number = {8},\n keywords = {FR_AUR,FR_GRI,FR_LAM}\n}

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\n \n 2016\n \n \n (17)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The response of tropical rainforests to drought—lessons from recent research and future prospects.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Bonal, D.; Burban, B.; Stahl, C.; Wagner, F.; Hérault, B.; Leban, J.; and Gf, B., H.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Annals of Forest Science, 73(1): 27-44. 2016.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {The response of tropical rainforests to drought—lessons from recent research and future prospects},\n type = {article},\n year = {2016},\n keywords = {GF_GUY},\n pages = {27-44},\n volume = {73},\n websites = {http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13595-015-0522-5},\n id = {259ddf54-0492-30d2-9457-b54eca0c5d10},\n created = {2016-03-11T14:45:43.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Bonal2016},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {& Key message We review the recent findings on the influ-ence of drought on tree mortality, growth or ecosystem functioning in tropical rainforests. Drought plays a major role in shaping tropical rainforests and the response mech-anisms are highly diverse and complex. The numerous gaps identified here require the international scientific community to combine efforts in order to conduct com-prehensive studies in tropical rainforests on the three con-tinents. These results are essential to simulate the future of these ecosystems under diverse climate scenarios and to predict the future of the global earth carbon balance. & Context Tropical rainforest ecosystems are characterized by high annual rainfall. Nevertheless, rainfall regularly fluctuates during the year and seasonal soil droughts do occur. Over the past decades, a number of extreme droughts have hit tropical rainforests, not only in Amazonia but also in Asia and Africa. The influence of drought events on tree mortality and growth or on ecosystem functioning (carbon and water fluxes) in tropical rainforest ecosystems has been studied intensively, but the response mechanisms are complex. & Aims Herein, we review the recent findings related to the response of tropical forest ecosystems to seasonal and extreme droughts and the current knowledge about the future of these ecosystems. & Results This review emphasizes the progress made over recent years and the importance of the studies conducted un-der extreme drought conditions or in through-fall exclusion experiments in understanding the response of these ecosys-tems. It also points to the great diversity and complexity of the response of tropical rainforest ecosystems to drought. & Conclusion The numerous gaps identified here require the international scientific community to combine efforts in order to conduct comprehensive studies in tropical forest regions. These results are essential to simulate the future of these eco-systems under diverse climate scenarios and to predict the future of the global earth carbon balance.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Bonal, Damien and Burban, Benoit and Stahl, Clément and Wagner, Fabien and Hérault, Bruno and Leban, Jean-Michel and Gf, Bruno Herault@ecofog},\n doi = {10.1007/s13595-015-0522-5},\n journal = {Annals of Forest Science},\n number = {1}\n}

\n\n\n

\n & Key message We review the recent findings on the influ-ence of drought on tree mortality, growth or ecosystem functioning in tropical rainforests. Drought plays a major role in shaping tropical rainforests and the response mech-anisms are highly diverse and complex. The numerous gaps identified here require the international scientific community to combine efforts in order to conduct com-prehensive studies in tropical rainforests on the three con-tinents. These results are essential to simulate the future of these ecosystems under diverse climate scenarios and to predict the future of the global earth carbon balance. & Context Tropical rainforest ecosystems are characterized by high annual rainfall. Nevertheless, rainfall regularly fluctuates during the year and seasonal soil droughts do occur. Over the past decades, a number of extreme droughts have hit tropical rainforests, not only in Amazonia but also in Asia and Africa. The influence of drought events on tree mortality and growth or on ecosystem functioning (carbon and water fluxes) in tropical rainforest ecosystems has been studied intensively, but the response mechanisms are complex. & Aims Herein, we review the recent findings related to the response of tropical forest ecosystems to seasonal and extreme droughts and the current knowledge about the future of these ecosystems. & Results This review emphasizes the progress made over recent years and the importance of the studies conducted un-der extreme drought conditions or in through-fall exclusion experiments in understanding the response of these ecosys-tems. It also points to the great diversity and complexity of the response of tropical rainforest ecosystems to drought. & Conclusion The numerous gaps identified here require the international scientific community to combine efforts in order to conduct comprehensive studies in tropical forest regions. These results are essential to simulate the future of these eco-systems under diverse climate scenarios and to predict the future of the global earth carbon balance.\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Matching the phenology of Net Ecosystem Exchange and vegetation indices estimated with MODIS and FLUXNET in-situ observations.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Balzarolo, M.; Vicca, S.; Nguy-Robertson, A., L.; Bonal, D.; Elbers, J., A.; Fu, Y., H.; Grünwald, T.; Horemans, J., A.; Papale, D.; Peñuelas, J.; Suyker, A.; and Veroustraete, F.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Remote Sensing of Environment, 174: 290-300. 2016.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Matching the phenology of Net Ecosystem Exchange and vegetation indices estimated with MODIS and FLUXNET in-situ observations},\n type = {article},\n year = {2016},\n keywords = {GF_GUY},\n pages = {290-300},\n volume = {174},\n id = {5519cebd-f5e2-3d16-a63d-8d4ac07e375b},\n created = {2016-03-11T14:45:43.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Balzarolo2016},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Shifts in ecosystem phenology play an important role in the definition of inter-annual variability of net ecosystem carbon uptake. A good estimate at the global scale of ecosystem phenology, mainly that of photosynthesis or gross primary productivity (GPP), may be provided by vegetation indices derived from MODIS satellite image data.However, the relationship between the start date of a growing (or greening) season (SGS) when derived from different vegetation indices (VI's), and the starting day of carbon uptake is not well elucidated. Additionally, the validation of existing phenology data with in-situ measurements is largely missing. We have investigated the possibility to use different VI's to predict the starting day of the growing season for 28 FLUXNET sites as well as MODIS data. This analysis included main plant functional types (PFT's).Of all VI's taken into account in this paper, the NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) shows the highest correlation coefficient for the relationship between the starting day of the growing season as observed with MODIS and in-situ observations. However, MODIS observations elicit a 20-21 days earlier SGS date compared to in-situ observations. The prediction for the NEE start of the growing season diverges when using different VI's, and seems to depend on the amplitude for carbon and VI and on PFT. The optimal VI for estimation of a SGS date was PFT-specific - for example the WRDVI for cropland, but the MODIS NDVI performed best when applied as an estimator for Net Ecosystem Exchange and when considering all PFT's pooled.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Balzarolo, M. and Vicca, S. and Nguy-Robertson, A. L. and Bonal, D. and Elbers, J. A. and Fu, Y. H. and Grünwald, T. and Horemans, J. A. and Papale, D. and Peñuelas, J. and Suyker, A. and Veroustraete, F.},\n doi = {10.1016/j.rse.2015.12.017},\n journal = {Remote Sensing of Environment}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n ORCHIDEE-CROP (v0), a new process based Agro-Land Surface Model: model description and evaluation over Europe.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Wu, X.; Vuichard, N.; Ciais, P.; Viovy, N.; de Noblet-Ducoudré, N.; Wang, X.; Magliulo, V.; Wattenbach, M.; Vitale, L.; Di Tommasi, P.; Moors, E., J.; Jans, W.; Elbers, J.; Ceschia, E.; Tallec, T.; Bernhofer, C.; Grünwald, T.; Moureaux, C.; Manise, T.; Ligne, A.; Cellier, P.; Loubet, B.; Larmanou, E.; and Ripoche, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Geoscientific Model Development, 8(6): 4653-4696. 2016.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"ORCHIDEE-CROP$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {ORCHIDEE-CROP (v0), a new process based Agro-Land Surface Model: model description and evaluation over Europe},\n type = {article},\n year = {2016},\n pages = {4653-4696},\n volume = {8},\n websites = {http://www.geosci-model-dev-discuss.net/8/4653/2015/},\n id = {7869d4ec-06cb-32ba-95c8-fab1b0367aea},\n created = {2016-06-23T09:38:45.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2021-02-05T10:33:17.539Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Wu2015},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The responses of crop functioning to changing climate and atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2]) could have large effects on food production, and impact carbon, water and energy fluxes, causing feedbacks to climate. To simulate the responses of temperate crops to changing climate and [CO2], accounting for the specific phenology of crops mediated by management practice, we present here the development of a process-oriented terrestrial biogeochemical model named ORCHIDEE-CROP (v0), which integrates a generic crop phenology and harvest module and a very simple parameterization of nitrogen fertilization, into the land surface model (LSM) ORCHIDEEv196, in order to simulate biophysical and biochemical interactions in croplands, as well as plant productivity and harvested yield. The model is applicable for a range of temperate crops, but it is tested here for maize and winter wheat, with the phenological parameterizations of two European varieties originating from the STICS agronomical model. We evaluate the ORCHIDEE-CROP (v0) model against eddy covariance and biometric measurements at 7 winter wheat and maize sites in Europe. The specific ecosystem variables used in the evaluation are CO2 fluxes (NEE), latent heat and sensible heat fluxes. Additional measurements of leaf area index (LAI), aboveground biomass and yield are used as well. Evaluation results reveal that ORCHIDEE-CROP (v0) reproduces the observed timing of crop development stages and the amplitude of pertaining LAI changes in contrast to ORCHIDEEv196 in which by default crops have the same phenology than grass. A near-halving of the root mean square error of LAI from 2.38 ± 0.77 to 1.08 ± 0.34 m2 m−2 is obtained between ORCHIDEEv196 and ORCHIDEE-CROP (v0) across the 7 study sites. Improved crop phenology and carbon allocation lead to a general good match between modelled and observed aboveground biomass (with a normalized root mean squared error (NRMSE) of 11.0–54.2 %), crop yield, as well as of the daily carbon and energy fluxes with NRMSE of ~9.0–20.1 and ~9.4–22.3 % for NEE, and sensible and latent heat fluxes, respectively. The model data mistfit for energy fluxes are within uncertainties of the measurements, which themselves show an incomplete energy balance closure within the range 80.6–86.3 %. The remaining discrepancies between modelled and observed LAI and other variables at specific sites are partly attributable to unrealistic representation of management events. In addition, ORCHIDEE-CROP (v0) is shown to have the ability to capture the spatial gradients of carbon and energy-related variables, such as gross primary productivity, NEE, sensible heat fluxes and latent heat fluxes, across the sites in Europe, an important requirement for future spatially explicit simulations. Further improvement of the model with an explicit parameterization of nutrition dynamics and of management, is expected to improve its predictive ability to simulate croplands in an Earth System Model.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Wu, X. and Vuichard, N. and Ciais, P. and Viovy, N. and de Noblet-Ducoudré, N. and Wang, X. and Magliulo, V. and Wattenbach, M. and Vitale, L. and Di Tommasi, P. and Moors, E. J. and Jans, W. and Elbers, J. and Ceschia, Eric and Tallec, T. and Bernhofer, C. and Grünwald, T. and Moureaux, C. and Manise, T. and Ligne, A. and Cellier, P. and Loubet, Benjamin and Larmanou, E. and Ripoche, D.},\n doi = {10.5194/gmdd-8-4653-2015},\n journal = {Geoscientific Model Development},\n number = {6},\n keywords = {FR_AUR,FR_GRI,FR_LAM}\n}

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\n The responses of crop functioning to changing climate and atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2]) could have large effects on food production, and impact carbon, water and energy fluxes, causing feedbacks to climate. To simulate the responses of temperate crops to changing climate and [CO2], accounting for the specific phenology of crops mediated by management practice, we present here the development of a process-oriented terrestrial biogeochemical model named ORCHIDEE-CROP (v0), which integrates a generic crop phenology and harvest module and a very simple parameterization of nitrogen fertilization, into the land surface model (LSM) ORCHIDEEv196, in order to simulate biophysical and biochemical interactions in croplands, as well as plant productivity and harvested yield. The model is applicable for a range of temperate crops, but it is tested here for maize and winter wheat, with the phenological parameterizations of two European varieties originating from the STICS agronomical model. We evaluate the ORCHIDEE-CROP (v0) model against eddy covariance and biometric measurements at 7 winter wheat and maize sites in Europe. The specific ecosystem variables used in the evaluation are CO2 fluxes (NEE), latent heat and sensible heat fluxes. Additional measurements of leaf area index (LAI), aboveground biomass and yield are used as well. Evaluation results reveal that ORCHIDEE-CROP (v0) reproduces the observed timing of crop development stages and the amplitude of pertaining LAI changes in contrast to ORCHIDEEv196 in which by default crops have the same phenology than grass. A near-halving of the root mean square error of LAI from 2.38 ± 0.77 to 1.08 ± 0.34 m2 m−2 is obtained between ORCHIDEEv196 and ORCHIDEE-CROP (v0) across the 7 study sites. Improved crop phenology and carbon allocation lead to a general good match between modelled and observed aboveground biomass (with a normalized root mean squared error (NRMSE) of 11.0–54.2 %), crop yield, as well as of the daily carbon and energy fluxes with NRMSE of ~9.0–20.1 and ~9.4–22.3 % for NEE, and sensible and latent heat fluxes, respectively. The model data mistfit for energy fluxes are within uncertainties of the measurements, which themselves show an incomplete energy balance closure within the range 80.6–86.3 %. The remaining discrepancies between modelled and observed LAI and other variables at specific sites are partly attributable to unrealistic representation of management events. In addition, ORCHIDEE-CROP (v0) is shown to have the ability to capture the spatial gradients of carbon and energy-related variables, such as gross primary productivity, NEE, sensible heat fluxes and latent heat fluxes, across the sites in Europe, an important requirement for future spatially explicit simulations. Further improvement of the model with an explicit parameterization of nutrition dynamics and of management, is expected to improve its predictive ability to simulate croplands in an Earth System Model.\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Climate seasonality limits leaf carbon assimilation and wood productivity in tropical forests.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Wagner, F., H.; Hérault, B.; Bonal, D.; Stahl, C.; Anderson, L., O.; Baker, T., R.; Becker, G., S.; Beeckman, H.; Boanerges Souza, D.; Botosso, P., C.; Bowman, D., M., J., S.; Bräuning, A.; Brede, B.; Brown, F., I.; Camarero, J., J.; Camargo, P., B.; Cardoso, F., C., G.; Carvalho, F., A.; Castro, W.; Chagas, R., K.; Chave, J.; Chidumayo, E., N.; Clark, D., A.; Costa, F., R., C.; Couralet, C.; da Silva Mauricio, P., H.; Dalitz, H.; de Castro, V., R.; de Freitas Milani, J., E.; de Oliveira, E., C.; de Souza Arruda, L.; Devineau, J.; Drew, D., M.; Dünisch, O.; Durigan, G.; Elifuraha, E.; Fedele, M.; Ferreira Fedele, L.; Figueiredo Filho, A.; Finger, C., A., G.; Franco, A., C.; Freitas Júnior, J., L.; Galvão, F.; Gebrekirstos, A.; Gliniars, R.; Graça, P., M., L., d., A.; Griffiths, A., D.; Grogan, J.; Guan, K.; Homeier, J.; Kanieski, M., R.; Kho, L., K.; Koenig, J.; Kohler, S., V.; Krepkowski, J.; Lemos-Filho, J., P.; Lieberman, D.; Lieberman, M., E.; Lisi, C., S.; Longhi Santos, T.; López Ayala, J., L.; Maeda, E., E.; Malhi, Y.; Maria, V., R., B.; Marques, M., C., M.; Marques, R.; Maza Chamba, H.; Mbwambo, L.; Melgaço, K., L., L.; Mendivelso, H., A.; Murphy, B., P.; O'Brien, J., J.; Oberbauer, S., F.; Okada, N.; Pélissier, R.; Prior, L., D.; Roig, F., A.; Ross, M.; Rossatto, D., R.; Rossi, V.; Rowland, L.; Rutishauser, E.; Santana, H.; Schulze, M.; Selhorst, D.; Silva, W., R.; Silveira, M.; Spannl, S.; Swaine, M., D.; Toledo, J., J.; Toledo, M., M.; Toledo, M.; Toma, T.; Tomazello Filho, M.; Valdez Hernández, J., I.; Verbesselt, J.; Vieira, S., A.; Vincent, G.; Volkmer de Castilho, C.; Volland, F.; Worbes, M.; Zanon, M., L., B.; and Aragão, L., E., O., C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeosciences, 13(8): 2537-2562. 4 2016.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Climate$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Climate seasonality limits leaf carbon assimilation and wood productivity in tropical forests},\n type = {article},\n year = {2016},\n pages = {2537-2562},\n volume = {13},\n websites = {http://www.biogeosciences-discuss.net/bg-2015-619/,http://www.biogeosciences.net/13/2537/2016/,https://www.biogeosciences.net/13/2537/2016/},\n month = {4},\n day = {28},\n id = {dc346de2-547d-335e-a0ea-c7f660cb8584},\n created = {2016-07-01T12:01:38.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2019-04-26T14:59:00.924Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Wagner2016},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Abstract. The seasonal climate drivers of the carbon cycle in tropical forests remain poorly known, although these forests account for more carbon assimilation and storage than any other terrestrial ecosystem. Based on a unique combination of seasonal pan-tropical data sets from 89 experimental sites (68 include aboveground wood productivity measurements and 35 litter productivity measurements), their associated canopy photosynthetic capacity (enhanced vegetation index, EVI) and climate, we ask how carbon assimilation and aboveground allocation are related to climate seasonality in tropical forests and how they interact in the seasonal carbon cycle. We found that canopy photosynthetic capacity seasonality responds positively to precipitation when rainfall is < 2000mmyr−1 (water-limited forests) and to radiation otherwise (light-limited forests). On the other hand, independent of climate limitations, wood productivity and litterfall are driven by seasonal variation in precipitation and evapotranspiration, respectively. Consequently, light-limited forests present an asynchronism between canopy photosynthetic capacity and wood productivity. First-order control by precipitation likely indicates a decrease in tropical forest productivity in a drier climate in water-limited forest, and in current light-limited forest with future rainfall < 2000mmyr−1.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Wagner, Fabien H. and Hérault, Bruno and Bonal, Damien and Stahl, Clément and Anderson, Liana O. and Baker, Timothy R. and Becker, Gabriel Sebastian and Beeckman, Hans and Boanerges Souza, Danilo and Botosso, Paulo Cesar and Bowman, David M. J. S. and Bräuning, Achim and Brede, Benjamin and Brown, Foster Irving and Camarero, Jesus Julio and Camargo, Plínio Barbosa and Cardoso, Fernanda C. G. and Carvalho, Fabrício Alvim and Castro, Wendeson and Chagas, Rubens Koloski and Chave, Jérome and Chidumayo, Emmanuel N. and Clark, Deborah A and Costa, Flavia Regina Capellotto and Couralet, Camille and da Silva Mauricio, Paulo Henrique and Dalitz, Helmut and de Castro, Vinicius Resende and de Freitas Milani, Jaçanan Eloisa and de Oliveira, Edilson Consuelo and de Souza Arruda, Luciano and Devineau, Jean-Louis and Drew, David M. and Dünisch, Oliver and Durigan, Giselda and Elifuraha, Elisha and Fedele, Marcio and Ferreira Fedele, Ligia and Figueiredo Filho, Afonso and Finger, César Augusto Guimarães and Franco, Augusto César and Freitas Júnior, João Lima and Galvão, Franklin and Gebrekirstos, Aster and Gliniars, Robert and Graça, Paulo Maurício Lima de Alencastro and Griffiths, Anthony D. and Grogan, James and Guan, Kaiyu and Homeier, Jürgen and Kanieski, Maria Raquel and Kho, Lip Khoon and Koenig, Jennifer and Kohler, Sintia Valerio and Krepkowski, Julia and Lemos-Filho, José Pires and Lieberman, Diana and Lieberman, Milton Eugene and Lisi, Claudio Sergio and Longhi Santos, Tomaz and López Ayala, José Luis and Maeda, Eduardo Eijji and Malhi, Yadvinder and Maria, Vivian R. B. and Marques, Marcia C. M. and Marques, Renato and Maza Chamba, Hector and Mbwambo, Lawrence and Melgaço, Karina Liana Lisboa and Mendivelso, Hooz Angela and Murphy, Brett P. and O'Brien, Joseph J. and Oberbauer, Steven F. and Okada, Naoki and Pélissier, Raphaël and Prior, Lynda D. and Roig, Fidel Alejandro and Ross, Michael and Rossatto, Davi Rodrigo and Rossi, Vivien and Rowland, Lucy and Rutishauser, Ervan and Santana, Hellen and Schulze, Mark and Selhorst, Diogo and Silva, Williamar Rodrigues and Silveira, Marcos and Spannl, Susanne and Swaine, Michael D. and Toledo, José Julio and Toledo, Marcos Miranda and Toledo, Marisol and Toma, Takeshi and Tomazello Filho, Mario and Valdez Hernández, Juan Ignacio and Verbesselt, Jan and Vieira, Simone Aparecida and Vincent, Grégoire and Volkmer de Castilho, Carolina and Volland, Franziska and Worbes, Martin and Zanon, Magda Lea Bolzan and Aragão, Luiz E. O. C.},\n doi = {10.5194/bg-13-2537-2016},\n journal = {Biogeosciences},\n number = {8},\n keywords = {GF_GUY}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Simulating the net ecosystem CO2 exchange and its components over winter wheat cultivation sites across a large climate gradient in Europe using the ORCHIDEE-STICS generic model.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Vuichard, N.; Ciais, P.; Viovy, N.; Li, L.; Ceschia, E.; Wattenbach, M.; Bernhofer, C.; Emmel, C.; Grünwald, T.; Jans, W.; Loubet, B.; and Wu, X.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 226: 1-17. 2016.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Simulating$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Simulating the net ecosystem CO2 exchange and its components over winter wheat cultivation sites across a large climate gradient in Europe using the ORCHIDEE-STICS generic model},\n type = {article},\n year = {2016},\n keywords = {FR_GRI,FR_LAM},\n pages = {1-17},\n volume = {226},\n websites = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167880916302201},\n publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},\n id = {f96a36e5-ae98-3eb1-ab1e-7fccb6c396c9},\n created = {2016-07-07T10:17:18.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Vuichard2016},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Over the last decade, efforts have been carried on to develop and evaluate versions of global terrestrial ecosystem models (GTEM) in which crop specificities are represented. The goal of this study is to evaluate the ability of the ORCHIDEE-STICS (Organising Carbon and Hydrology In Dynamic EcosystEms—Simulateur mulTIdisciplinaire pour les Cultures Standard) GTEM in simulating the observed seasonal variations and annual budgets of net ecosystem exchange (NEE), gross primary production (GPP) and total ecosystem respiration (TER) fluxes over seven wheat sites spanning a large climate gradient in Europe. Overall, the seasonal variations of GPP are well represented by the model, with 5 sites out of 7 exhibiting a correlation coefficient (R) value higher than 0.9 and a normalized standard deviation (NSTD) between 0.8 and 1.2. In comparison, the model performances for catching the seasonal variations of TER are lower, especially in terms of NSTD. Regarding the annual budgets, mean simulated deviations averaged over all sites do not exceed 10% and 15% of the observed annual mean budget, for GPP and TER, respectively. For NEE, the model capacity at estimating annual budgets is low, its mean deviation corresponding to ∼35% of the observed mean value. This clearly shows that more accurate model estimates of GPP and especially TER are required for estimating NEE annual budgets. In this respect, past land-use and land-management changes are probably the most crucial processes to add, for getting soil carbon disequilibrium and more accurate NEE annual budgets. From a sensitivity analysis of the modelled fluxes to three management practices (plant variety, sowing date and fertilization intensity), we found that the fertilization is the most sensitive practice impacting the model performances of any flux, both in terms of seasonal variations and annual budgets.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Vuichard, Nicolas and Ciais, Philippe and Viovy, Nicolas and Li, Longhui and Ceschia, Eric and Wattenbach, Martin and Bernhofer, Christian and Emmel, Carmen and Grünwald, Thomas and Jans, Wilma and Loubet, Benjamin and Wu, Xiuchen},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agee.2016.04.017},\n journal = {Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Global parameterization and validation of a two-leaf light use efficiency model for predicting gross primary production across FLUXNET sites.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Zhou, Y.; Wu, X.; Ju, W.; Chen, J., M.; Wang, S.; Wang, H.; Yuan, W.; Andrew Black, T.; Jassal, R.; Ibrom, A.; Han, S.; Yan, J.; Margolis, H.; Roupsard, O.; Li, Y.; Zhao, F.; Kiely, G.; Starr, G.; Pavelka, M.; Montagnani, L.; Wohlfahrt, G.; D'Odorico, P.; Cook, D.; Arain, M., A.; Bonal, D.; Beringer, J.; Blanken, P., D.; Loubet, B.; Leclerc, M., Y.; Matteucci, G.; Nagy, Z.; Olejnik, J.; Paw U, K., T.; and Varlagin, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 121(4): 1045-1072. 4 2016.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Global$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Global parameterization and validation of a two-leaf light use efficiency model for predicting gross primary production across FLUXNET sites},\n type = {article},\n year = {2016},\n keywords = {FR_FON,FR_FRI,FR_GRI,FR_HES,FR_LBR,FR_LQ1,FR_LQ2,FR_PUE,GF_GUY},\n pages = {1045-1072},\n volume = {121},\n websites = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/2014JG002876},\n month = {4},\n id = {bf62eb5f-ae9f-3c0a-8ea7-8633edf0c20d},\n created = {2016-07-22T13:56:56.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Zhou2016},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Zhou, Yanlian and Wu, Xiaocui and Ju, Weimin and Chen, Jing M. and Wang, Shaoqiang and Wang, Huimin and Yuan, Wenping and Andrew Black, T. and Jassal, Rachhpal and Ibrom, Andreas and Han, Shijie and Yan, Junhua and Margolis, Hank and Roupsard, Olivier and Li, Yingnian and Zhao, Fenghua and Kiely, Gerard and Starr, Gregory and Pavelka, Marian and Montagnani, Leonardo and Wohlfahrt, Georg and D'Odorico, Petra and Cook, David and Arain, M. Altaf and Bonal, Damien and Beringer, Jason and Blanken, Peter D. and Loubet, Benjamin and Leclerc, Monique Y. and Matteucci, Giorgio and Nagy, Zoltan and Olejnik, Janusz and Paw U, Kyaw Tha and Varlagin, Andrej},\n doi = {10.1002/2014JG002876},\n journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences},\n number = {4}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Modeling soil evaporation efficiency in a range of soil and atmospheric conditions using a meta-analysis approach.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Merlin, O.; Stefan, V., G.; Amazirh, A.; Chanzy, A.; Ceschia, E.; Er-Raki, S.; Gentine, P.; Tallec, T.; Ezzahar, J.; Bircher, S.; Beringer, J.; and Khabba, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Water Resources Research, 52(5): 3663-3684. 5 2016.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Modeling$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Modeling soil evaporation efficiency in a range of soil and atmospheric conditions using a meta-analysis approach},\n type = {article},\n year = {2016},\n pages = {3663-3684},\n volume = {52},\n websites = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/2015WR018233},\n month = {5},\n id = {ee6e6de0-96bd-3094-9832-d7c8232f26a6},\n created = {2016-07-28T15:01:36.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2019-03-14T09:21:37.792Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Nippgen2016},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Merlin, O. and Stefan, V. G. and Amazirh, A. and Chanzy, A. and Ceschia, Eric and Er-Raki, S. and Gentine, P. and Tallec, T. and Ezzahar, J. and Bircher, S. and Beringer, J. and Khabba, S.},\n doi = {10.1002/2015WR018233},\n journal = {Water Resources Research},\n number = {5},\n keywords = {BE_LON,FR_AUR,FR_AVI,FR_GRI,FR_LAM}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Multi-scale evaluation of global gross primary productivity and evapotranspiration products derived from Breathing Earth System Simulator (BESS).\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Jiang, C.; and Ryu, Y.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Remote Sensing of Environment, 186: 528-547. 12 2016.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Multi-scale$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Multi-scale evaluation of global gross primary productivity and evapotranspiration products derived from Breathing Earth System Simulator (BESS)},\n type = {article},\n year = {2016},\n keywords = {FR-PUE,GF_GUY},\n pages = {528-547},\n volume = {186},\n websites = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2016.08.030,http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S003442571630339X},\n month = {12},\n publisher = {Elsevier Inc.},\n id = {e2496827-b61b-3098-a368-cef3841e41b2},\n created = {2016-10-10T07:10:14.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Ryu2016},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Jiang, Chongya and Ryu, Youngryel},\n doi = {10.1016/j.rse.2016.08.030},\n journal = {Remote Sensing of Environment}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Dimensioning IRGA gas sampling systems: laboratory and field experiments.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Aubinet, M.; Joly, L.; Loustau, D.; De Ligne, A.; Chopin, H.; Cousin, J.; Chauvin, N.; Decarpenterie, T.; and Gross, P.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 9(3): 1361-1367. 3 2016.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Dimensioning$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Dimensioning IRGA gas sampling systems: laboratory and field experiments},\n type = {article},\n year = {2016},\n pages = {1361-1367},\n volume = {9},\n websites = {http://www.atmos-meas-tech-discuss.net/8/10735/2015/,http://www.atmos-meas-tech.net/9/1361/2016/},\n month = {3},\n day = {31},\n id = {06f01030-e9bd-3ccd-82ec-f6ea2602920c},\n created = {2016-10-13T09:23:47.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Aubinet2015},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Both laboratory and field experiments were carried out in order to define suitable configuration ranges for the gas sampling systems (GSSs) of infrared gas analyzers (IRGAs) used in eddy covariance measurements. In the laboratory, an original dynamic calibration bench was developed in order to test the frequency attenuation and pressure drop generated by filters. In the field, three IRGAs of the same type equipped with different filters or different rain caps were installed and run and the real frequency response of the complete setup was tested. The main results are as follows. – Filters may have a strong impact on the pressure drop in the GSS and this impact increases with flow rate. – Conversely, no impact of the tested filters on cut-off frequency was found, GSSs with and without filters presenting similar cut-off frequencies. – The main limiting factor of cut-off frequency in the field was found to be the rain cap design. In addition, the impact of this design on pressure drop was also found to be noteworthy.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Aubinet, Marc and Joly, Lilian and Loustau, Denis and De Ligne, Anne and Chopin, Henri and Cousin, Julien and Chauvin, Nicolas and Decarpenterie, Thomas and Gross, Patrick},\n doi = {10.5194/amt-9-1361-2016},\n journal = {Atmospheric Measurement Techniques},\n number = {3}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Remotely-sensed detection of effects of extreme droughts on gross primary production.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Vicca, S.; Balzarolo, M.; Filella, I.; Granier, A.; Herbst, M.; Knohl, A.; Longdoz, B.; Mund, M.; Nagy, Z.; Pintér, K.; Rambal, S.; Verbesselt, J.; Verger, A.; Zeileis, A.; Zhang, C.; and Peñuelas, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Scientific Reports, 6(March): 28269. 2016.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Remotely-sensed$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Remotely-sensed detection of effects of extreme droughts on gross primary production},\n type = {article},\n year = {2016},\n pages = {28269},\n volume = {6},\n websites = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep28269%5Cnhttp://www.nature.com/articles/srep28269},\n publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},\n id = {b8b17f8c-f69a-380b-8125-d60deda6c32e},\n created = {2016-11-04T08:13:55.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Vicca2016},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Vicca, Sara and Balzarolo, Manuela and Filella, Iolanda and Granier, André and Herbst, Mathias and Knohl, Alexander and Longdoz, Bernard and Mund, Martina and Nagy, Zoltan and Pintér, Krisztina and Rambal, Serge and Verbesselt, Jan and Verger, Aleixandre and Zeileis, Achim and Zhang, Chao and Peñuelas, Josep},\n doi = {10.1038/srep28269},\n journal = {Scientific Reports},\n number = {March}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Mediterranean forests, land use and climate change: a social-ecological perspective.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Gauquelin, T.; Michon, G.; Joffre, R.; Duponnois, R.; Génin, D.; Fady, B.; Bou Dagher-Kharrat, M.; Derridj, A.; Slimani, S.; Badri, W.; Alifriqui, M.; Auclair, L.; Simenel, R.; Aderghal, M.; Baudoin, E.; Galiana, A.; Prin, Y.; Sanguin, H.; Fernandez, C.; and Baldy, V.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Regional Environmental Change,1-14. 2016.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Mediterranean forests, land use and climate change: a social-ecological perspective},\n type = {article},\n year = {2016},\n keywords = {FR_FBN,FR_PUE},\n pages = {1-14},\n id = {78ad5a38-ac5a-3f20-8c6f-da9732275843},\n created = {2018-04-11T16:18:47.065Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:48.263Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Gauquelin2016},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Gauquelin, Thierry and Michon, Geneviève and Joffre, Richard and Duponnois, Robin and Génin, Didier and Fady, Bruno and Bou Dagher-Kharrat, Magda and Derridj, Arezki and Slimani, Said and Badri, Wadi and Alifriqui, Mohamed and Auclair, Laurent and Simenel, Romain and Aderghal, Mohamed and Baudoin, Ezekiel and Galiana, Antoine and Prin, Yves and Sanguin, Hervé and Fernandez, Catherine and Baldy, Virginie},\n doi = {10.1007/s10113-016-0994-3},\n journal = {Regional Environmental Change}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Modelling of grassland fluxes in Europe: Evaluation of two biogeochemical models.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Sándor, R.; Barcza, Z.; Hidy, D.; Lellei-Kovács, E.; Ma, S.; and Bellocchi, G.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 215: 1-19. 2016.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Modelling of grassland fluxes in Europe: Evaluation of two biogeochemical models},\n type = {article},\n year = {2016},\n keywords = {Carbon-water fluxes,Climate change,Grasslands,Model comparison},\n pages = {1-19},\n volume = {215},\n id = {d8927cb8-7e03-3e8c-893f-91d456579597},\n created = {2020-08-28T15:56:01.705Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-08-28T15:56:01.705Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Sandor2016},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Two independently developed simulation models - the grassland-specific PaSim and the biome-generic Biome-BGC MuSo (BBGC MuSo) - linking climate, soil, vegetation and management to ecosystem biogeochemical cycles were compared in a simulation of carbon (C) and water fluxes. The results were assessed against eddy-covariance flux data from five observational grassland sites representing a range of conditions in Europe: Grillenburg in Germany, Laqueuille in France with both extensive and intensive management, Monte Bondone in Italy and Oensingen in Switzerland. Model comparison (after calibration) gave substantial agreement, the performances being marginal to acceptable for weekly-aggregated gross primary production and ecosystem respiration (R2~0.66-0.91), weekly evapotranspiration (R2~0.78-0.94), soil water content in the topsoil (R2~0.1-0.7) and soil temperature (R2~0.88-0.96). The bias was limited to the range -13 to 9gCm-2week-1 for C fluxes (-11 to 8gCm-2week-1 in case of BBGC MuSo, and -13 to 9gCm-2week-1 in case of PaSim) and -4 to 6mmweek-1 for water fluxes (with BBGC MuSo providing somewhat higher estimates than PaSim), but some higher relative root mean square errors indicate low accuracy for prediction, especially for net ecosystem exchange The sensitivity of simulated outputs to changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]), temperature and precipitation indicate, with certain agreement between the two models, that C outcomes are dominated by [CO2] and temperature gradients, and are less due to precipitation. ET rates decrease with increasing [CO2] in PaSim (consistent with experimental knowledge), while lack of appropriate stomatal response could be a limit in BBGC MuSo responsiveness. Results of the study indicate that some of the errors might be related to the improper representation of soil water content and soil temperature. Improvement is needed in the model representations of soil processes (especially soil water balance) that strongly influence the biogeochemical cycles of managed and unmanaged grasslands.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Sándor, R. and Barcza, Z. and Hidy, D. and Lellei-Kovács, E. and Ma, S. and Bellocchi, G.},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agee.2015.09.001},\n journal = {Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment}\n}

\n\n\n

\n Two independently developed simulation models - the grassland-specific PaSim and the biome-generic Biome-BGC MuSo (BBGC MuSo) - linking climate, soil, vegetation and management to ecosystem biogeochemical cycles were compared in a simulation of carbon (C) and water fluxes. The results were assessed against eddy-covariance flux data from five observational grassland sites representing a range of conditions in Europe: Grillenburg in Germany, Laqueuille in France with both extensive and intensive management, Monte Bondone in Italy and Oensingen in Switzerland. Model comparison (after calibration) gave substantial agreement, the performances being marginal to acceptable for weekly-aggregated gross primary production and ecosystem respiration (R2~0.66-0.91), weekly evapotranspiration (R2~0.78-0.94), soil water content in the topsoil (R2~0.1-0.7) and soil temperature (R2~0.88-0.96). The bias was limited to the range -13 to 9gCm-2week-1 for C fluxes (-11 to 8gCm-2week-1 in case of BBGC MuSo, and -13 to 9gCm-2week-1 in case of PaSim) and -4 to 6mmweek-1 for water fluxes (with BBGC MuSo providing somewhat higher estimates than PaSim), but some higher relative root mean square errors indicate low accuracy for prediction, especially for net ecosystem exchange The sensitivity of simulated outputs to changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]), temperature and precipitation indicate, with certain agreement between the two models, that C outcomes are dominated by [CO2] and temperature gradients, and are less due to precipitation. ET rates decrease with increasing [CO2] in PaSim (consistent with experimental knowledge), while lack of appropriate stomatal response could be a limit in BBGC MuSo responsiveness. Results of the study indicate that some of the errors might be related to the improper representation of soil water content and soil temperature. Improvement is needed in the model representations of soil processes (especially soil water balance) that strongly influence the biogeochemical cycles of managed and unmanaged grasslands.\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Potential and limitations of inferring ecosystem photosynthetic capacity from leaf functional traits.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Musavi, T.; Migliavacca, M.; van de Weg, M., J.; Kattge, J.; Wohlfahrt, G.; van Bodegom, P., M.; Reichstein, M.; Bahn, M.; Carrara, A.; Domingues, T., F.; Gavazzi, M.; Gianelle, D.; Gimeno, C.; Granier, A.; Gruening, C.; Havránková, K.; Herbst, M.; Hrynkiw, C.; Kalhori, A.; Kaminski, T.; Klumpp, K.; Kolari, P.; Longdoz, B.; Minerbi, S.; Montagnani, L.; Moors, E., J.; Oechel, W., C.; Reich, P., B.; Rohatyn, S.; Rossi, A.; Rotenberg, E.; Varlagin, A.; Wilkinson, M.; Wirth, C.; and Mahecha, M., D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Ecology and Evolution, 6(20): 7352-7366. 10 2016.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Potential$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Potential and limitations of inferring ecosystem photosynthetic capacity from leaf functional traits},\n type = {article},\n year = {2016},\n pages = {7352-7366},\n volume = {6},\n websites = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/ece3.2479},\n month = {10},\n id = {54a8b8a8-f59c-37e7-84c6-294e194eee7f},\n created = {2020-08-28T15:56:01.871Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-08-28T15:56:01.871Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Musavi2016},\n source_type = {article},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Musavi, Talie and Migliavacca, Mirco and van de Weg, Martine Janet and Kattge, Jens and Wohlfahrt, Georg and van Bodegom, Peter M. and Reichstein, Markus and Bahn, Michael and Carrara, Arnaud and Domingues, Tomas F. and Gavazzi, Michael and Gianelle, Damiano and Gimeno, Cristina and Granier, André and Gruening, Carsten and Havránková, Kateřina and Herbst, Mathias and Hrynkiw, Charmaine and Kalhori, Aram and Kaminski, Thomas and Klumpp, Katja and Kolari, Pasi and Longdoz, Bernard and Minerbi, Stefano and Montagnani, Leonardo and Moors, Eddy J. and Oechel, Walter C. and Reich, Peter B. and Rohatyn, Shani and Rossi, Alessandra and Rotenberg, Eyal and Varlagin, Andrej and Wilkinson, Matthew and Wirth, Christian and Mahecha, Miguel D.},\n doi = {10.1002/ece3.2479},\n journal = {Ecology and Evolution},\n number = {20},\n keywords = {FR_Hes,FR_LQ1,FR_LQ2}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Direct and indirect effects of climatic variations on the interannual variability in net ecosystem exchange across terrestrial ecosystems.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Shao, J.; Zhou, X.; Luo, Y.; Li, B.; Aurela, M.; Billesbach, D.; Blanken, P., D.; Bracho, R.; Chen, J.; Fischer, M.; Fu, Y.; Gu, L.; Han, S.; He, Y.; Kolb, T.; Li, Y.; Nagy, Z.; Niu, S.; Oechel, W., C.; Pinter, K.; Shi, P.; Suyker, A.; Torn, M.; Varlagin, A.; Wang, H.; Yan, J.; Yu, G.; and Zhang, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Tellus B, 68(0): 1-16. 2016.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Direct$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Direct and indirect effects of climatic variations on the interannual variability in net ecosystem exchange across terrestrial ecosystems},\n type = {article},\n year = {2016},\n keywords = {FR_Hes,FR_Pue},\n pages = {1-16},\n volume = {68},\n websites = {http://www.tellusb.net/index.php/tellusb/article/view/30575},\n id = {4bd32f4a-4474-3e7f-9291-720ed8b5bc6c},\n created = {2020-08-28T15:56:01.954Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-08-28T15:56:01.954Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Shao2016},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Climatic variables not only directly affect the interannual variability (IAV) in net ecosystem exchange of CO 2 (NEE) but also indirectly drive it by changing the physiological parameters. Identifying these direct and indirect paths can reveal the underlying mechanisms of carbon (C) dynamics. In this study, we applied a path analysis using flux data from 65 sites to quantify the direct and indirect climatic effects on IAV in NEE and to evaluate the potential relationships among the climatic variables and physiological parameters that represent physiology and phenology of ecosystems. We found that the maximum photosynthetic rate was the most important factor for the IAV in gross primary productivity (GPP), which was mainly induced by the variation in vapour pressure deficit. For ecosystem respiration (RE), the most important drivers were GPP and the reference respiratory rate. The biome type regulated the direct and indirect paths, with distinctive differences between forests and non-forests, evergreen needleleaf forests and deciduous broadleaf forests, and between grasslands and croplands. Different paths were also found among wet, moist and dry ecosystems. However, the climatic variables can only partly explain the IAV in physiological parameters, suggesting that the latter may also result from other biotic and disturbance factors. In addition, the climatic variables related to NEE were not necessarily the same as those related to GPP and RE, indicating the emerging difficulty encountered when studying the IAV in NEE. Overall, our results highlight the contribution of certain physiological parameters to the IAV in C fluxes and the importance of biome type and multi-year water conditions, which should receive more attention in future experimental and modelling research. Keywords: net ecosystem exchange, interannual variability, climatic variations, physiological parameters, direct and indirect effects, relative importance (Published: 2 August 2016) Citation: Tellus B 2016, 68, 30575, http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/tellusb.v68.30575},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Shao, Junjiong and Zhou, Xuhui and Luo, Yiqi and Li, Bo and Aurela, Mika and Billesbach, David and Blanken, Peter D. and Bracho, Rosvel and Chen, Jiquan and Fischer, Marc and Fu, Yuling and Gu, Lianhong and Han, Shijie and He, Yongtao and Kolb, Thomas and Li, Yingnian and Nagy, Zoltan and Niu, Shuli and Oechel, Walter C. and Pinter, Krisztina and Shi, Peili and Suyker, Andrew and Torn, Margaret and Varlagin, Andrej and Wang, Huimin and Yan, Junhua and Yu, Guirui and Zhang, Junhui},\n doi = {10.3402/tellusb.v68.30575},\n journal = {Tellus B},\n number = {0}\n}

\n\n\n

\n Climatic variables not only directly affect the interannual variability (IAV) in net ecosystem exchange of CO 2 (NEE) but also indirectly drive it by changing the physiological parameters. Identifying these direct and indirect paths can reveal the underlying mechanisms of carbon (C) dynamics. In this study, we applied a path analysis using flux data from 65 sites to quantify the direct and indirect climatic effects on IAV in NEE and to evaluate the potential relationships among the climatic variables and physiological parameters that represent physiology and phenology of ecosystems. We found that the maximum photosynthetic rate was the most important factor for the IAV in gross primary productivity (GPP), which was mainly induced by the variation in vapour pressure deficit. For ecosystem respiration (RE), the most important drivers were GPP and the reference respiratory rate. The biome type regulated the direct and indirect paths, with distinctive differences between forests and non-forests, evergreen needleleaf forests and deciduous broadleaf forests, and between grasslands and croplands. Different paths were also found among wet, moist and dry ecosystems. However, the climatic variables can only partly explain the IAV in physiological parameters, suggesting that the latter may also result from other biotic and disturbance factors. In addition, the climatic variables related to NEE were not necessarily the same as those related to GPP and RE, indicating the emerging difficulty encountered when studying the IAV in NEE. Overall, our results highlight the contribution of certain physiological parameters to the IAV in C fluxes and the importance of biome type and multi-year water conditions, which should receive more attention in future experimental and modelling research. Keywords: net ecosystem exchange, interannual variability, climatic variations, physiological parameters, direct and indirect effects, relative importance (Published: 2 August 2016) Citation: Tellus B 2016, 68, 30575, http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/tellusb.v68.30575\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Plumbing of Land Surface Models: Is Poor Performance a Result of Methodology or Data Quality?.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Haughton, N.; Abramowitz, G.; Pitman, A., J.; Or, D.; Best, M., J.; Johnson, H., R.; Balsamo, G.; Boone, A.; Cuntz, M.; Decharme, B.; Dirmeyer, P., A.; Dong, J.; Ek, M.; Guo, Z.; Haverd, V.; van den Hurk, B., J., J.; Nearing, G., S.; Pak, B.; Santanello, J., A.; Stevens, L., E.; and Vuichard, N.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Hydrometeorology, 17(6): 1705-1723. 6 2016.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {The Plumbing of Land Surface Models: Is Poor Performance a Result of Methodology or Data Quality?},\n type = {article},\n year = {2016},\n pages = {1705-1723},\n volume = {17},\n websites = {http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/10.1175/JHM-D-15-0171.1},\n month = {6},\n day = {13},\n id = {84b50c03-dbd4-389c-9547-95e23ed71716},\n created = {2020-08-28T15:56:02.354Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-08-28T15:56:02.354Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Haughton2016},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Ecosystem services valuation has achieved considerable prominence in research and policy circles in recent years. This paper reviews the studies that have tried to estimate the value of forest ecosystem services. Broad- ly, this study addresses the following questions: (1) What insights do these studies provide on the value of forest ecosystems? (2) What lessons do they offer from an economic and policy perspective? (3) What are the shortcomings of the existing studies, and what are the challenges and issues for future research? Evi- dence from a cross section of forest sites, countries and regions suggests that not only the total valuation of ecosystem services varies widely across studies but also the valuation of individual services. This variation suggests that policies to conserve ecosystems and their services should emphasise local contexts and values. This paper concludes by discussing the shortcomings of existing studies, and suggests that, among other things, future research should focus on the neglected ecosystem services, ‘disservices’, assess the role of dy- namic factors and environmental catastrophes on the provision of ecosystem services, and assess the benefits of keeping forests intact versus converting them to alternative uses.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Haughton, Ned and Abramowitz, Gab and Pitman, Andy J. and Or, Dani and Best, Martin J. and Johnson, Helen R. and Balsamo, Gianpaolo and Boone, Aaron and Cuntz, Matthias and Decharme, Bertrand and Dirmeyer, Paul A. and Dong, Jairui and Ek, Michael and Guo, Zichang and Haverd, Vanessa and van den Hurk, Bart J. J. and Nearing, Grey S. and Pak, Bernard and Santanello, Joe A. and Stevens, Lauren E. and Vuichard, Nicolas},\n doi = {10.1175/JHM-D-15-0171.1},\n journal = {Journal of Hydrometeorology},\n number = {6},\n keywords = {FR_HES}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Recent climate hiatus revealed dual control by temperature and drought on the stem growth of Mediterranean Quercus ilex.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Lempereur, M.; Limousin, J., M.; Guibal, F., F.; Ourcival, J., M.; Rambal, S.; Ruffault, J.; and Mouillot, F.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global Change Biology,1-14. 2016.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Recent$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Recent climate hiatus revealed dual control by temperature and drought on the stem growth of Mediterranean <i>Quercus ilex</i>},\n type = {article},\n year = {2016},\n keywords = {FR_PUE},\n pages = {1-14},\n websites = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/gcb.13495},\n id = {d6599adb-b29b-39c0-b487-ea26c6e7d995},\n created = {2020-08-28T15:56:02.399Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-08-28T15:56:02.399Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Lempereur2016},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {A better understanding of stem growth phenology and its climate drivers would improve projections of the impact of climate change on forest productivity. Under a Mediterranean climate, tree growth is primarily limited by soil water availability during summer, but cold temperatures in winter also prevent tree growth in evergreen forests. In the wide-spread Mediterranean evergreen tree species Quercus ilex, the duration of stem growth has been shown to predict annual stem increment, and to be limited by winter temperatures on the one hand, and by the summer drought onset on the other hand. We tested how these climatic controls of Q. ilex growth varied with recent climate change by correlat-ing a 40-year tree ring record and a 30-year annual diameter inventory against winter temperature, spring precipitation, and simulated growth duration. Our results showed that growth duration was the best predictor of annual tree growth. We predicted that recent climate changes have resulted in earlier growth onset (À10 days) due to winter warming and earlier growth cessation (À26 days) due to earlier drought onset. These climatic trends partly offset one another, as we observed no significant trend of change in tree growth between 1968 and 2008. A moving-window correlation analysis revealed that in the past, Q. ilex growth was only correlated with water availability, but that since the 2000s, growth suddenly became correlated with winter temperature in addition to spring drought. This change in the climate–growth correlations matches the start of the recent atmospheric warming pause also known as the 'climate hiatus'. The duration of growth of Q. ilex is thus shortened because winter warming has stopped compensating for increasing drought in the last decade. Decoupled trends in precipitation and temperature, a neglected aspect of climate change, might reduce for-est productivity through phenological constraints and have more consequences than climate warming alone. Abbreviations FS = long-term field survey of diameter at breast height (DBH), measured from 1986 to 2013 RW = ring-width series, measured from 1942 to 2008 AD = automatic dendrometer series, measured from 2004 to 2013 Pu echabon station = weather station located in the study site since 1984 SML station = weather station located in St Martin-de-Londres, 12 km away from the study site, data available from 1966 to 2013 (Meteo France) T JFM = mean of daily temperature from January to March (°C) P AMJ = sum of precipitation from April to June (mm) WSI = water stress integral, a time-cumulated drought severity index (MPa day) t 0 = day of year when stem growth starts t 1 = day of year when stem growth stops in early summer ∆t t0–t1 = duration of the period between t 0 and t 1 computed for each set of simu-lated phenological thresholds BAI = basal area increment of the stems, expressed in mm² yr À1 PET = potential evapotranspiration (mm)},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Lempereur, Morine and Limousin, Jean-Marc Marc and Guibal, Fr??d??ric Frédéric and Ourcival, Jean-Marc Marc and Rambal, Serge and Ruffault, Julien and Mouillot, Florent},\n doi = {10.1111/gcb.13495},\n journal = {Global Change Biology}\n}

\n\n\n

\n A better understanding of stem growth phenology and its climate drivers would improve projections of the impact of climate change on forest productivity. Under a Mediterranean climate, tree growth is primarily limited by soil water availability during summer, but cold temperatures in winter also prevent tree growth in evergreen forests. In the wide-spread Mediterranean evergreen tree species Quercus ilex, the duration of stem growth has been shown to predict annual stem increment, and to be limited by winter temperatures on the one hand, and by the summer drought onset on the other hand. We tested how these climatic controls of Q. ilex growth varied with recent climate change by correlat-ing a 40-year tree ring record and a 30-year annual diameter inventory against winter temperature, spring precipitation, and simulated growth duration. Our results showed that growth duration was the best predictor of annual tree growth. We predicted that recent climate changes have resulted in earlier growth onset (À10 days) due to winter warming and earlier growth cessation (À26 days) due to earlier drought onset. These climatic trends partly offset one another, as we observed no significant trend of change in tree growth between 1968 and 2008. A moving-window correlation analysis revealed that in the past, Q. ilex growth was only correlated with water availability, but that since the 2000s, growth suddenly became correlated with winter temperature in addition to spring drought. This change in the climate–growth correlations matches the start of the recent atmospheric warming pause also known as the 'climate hiatus'. The duration of growth of Q. ilex is thus shortened because winter warming has stopped compensating for increasing drought in the last decade. Decoupled trends in precipitation and temperature, a neglected aspect of climate change, might reduce for-est productivity through phenological constraints and have more consequences than climate warming alone. Abbreviations FS = long-term field survey of diameter at breast height (DBH), measured from 1986 to 2013 RW = ring-width series, measured from 1942 to 2008 AD = automatic dendrometer series, measured from 2004 to 2013 Pu echabon station = weather station located in the study site since 1984 SML station = weather station located in St Martin-de-Londres, 12 km away from the study site, data available from 1966 to 2013 (Meteo France) T JFM = mean of daily temperature from January to March (°C) P AMJ = sum of precipitation from April to June (mm) WSI = water stress integral, a time-cumulated drought severity index (MPa day) t 0 = day of year when stem growth starts t 1 = day of year when stem growth stops in early summer ∆t t0–t1 = duration of the period between t 0 and t 1 computed for each set of simu-lated phenological thresholds BAI = basal area increment of the stems, expressed in mm² yr À1 PET = potential evapotranspiration (mm)\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Soil carbon stocks after conversion of Amazonian tropical forest to grazed pasture: importance of deep soil layers.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Stahl, C.; Freycon, V.; Fontaine, S.; Dezécache, C.; Ponchant, L.; Picon-Cochard, C.; Klumpp, K.; Soussana, J., F.; and Blanfort, V.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Regional Environmental Change,1-11. 2016.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Soil carbon stocks after conversion of Amazonian tropical forest to grazed pasture: importance of deep soil layers},\n type = {article},\n year = {2016},\n keywords = {C3 contribution,Deep soil C,Mixed-grass pasture,Native forest,Old pasture},\n pages = {1-11},\n id = {1013051d-dec4-3459-a0ba-ef3c8dbac1e3},\n created = {2020-08-28T15:56:02.530Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-08-28T15:56:02.530Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Stahl2016},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {© 2016 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg Recent studies suggest that carbon (C) is stored in the topsoil of pastures established after deforestation. However, little is known about the long-term capacity of tropical pastures to sequester C in different soil layers after deforestation. Deep soil layers are generally not taken into consideration or are underestimated when C storage is calculated. Here we show that in French Guiana, the C stored in the deep soil layers contributes significantly to C stocks down to a depth of 100 cm and that C is sequestered in recalcitrant soil organic matter in the soil below a depth of 20 cm. The contribution of the 50–100 cm soil layer increased from 22 to 31 % with the age of the pasture. We show that long-term C sequestration in C4 tropical pastures is linked to the development of C3 species (legumes and shrubs), which increase both inputs of N into the ecosystem and the C:N ratio of soil organic matter. The deep soil under old pastures contained more C3 carbon than the native forest. If C sequestration in the deep soil is taken into account, our results suggest that the soil C stock in pastures in Amazonia would be higher with sustainable pasture management, in particular by promoting the development of legumes already in place and by introducing new species.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Stahl, Clément and Freycon, Vincent and Fontaine, Sébastien and Dezécache, Camille and Ponchant, Lise and Picon-Cochard, Catherine and Klumpp, Katja and Soussana, Jean François and Blanfort, Vincent},\n doi = {10.1007/s10113-016-0936-0},\n journal = {Regional Environmental Change}\n}

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\n \n 2015\n \n \n (30)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Long-term decline of the Amazon carbon sink.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Brienen, R., J., W.; Phillips, O., L.; Feldpausch, T., R.; Gloor, E.; Baker, T., R.; Lloyd, J.; Lopez-Gonzalez, G.; Monteagudo-Mendoza, A.; Malhi, Y.; Lewis, S., L.; Vásquez Martinez, R.; Alexiades, M.; Álvarez Dávila, E.; Alvarez-Loayza, P.; Andrade, A.; Aragão, L., E., O., C.; Araujo-Murakami, A.; Arets, E., J., M., M.; Arroyo, L.; Aymard C., G., A.; Bánki, O., S.; Baraloto, C.; Barroso, J.; Bonal, D.; Boot, R., G., A.; Camargo, J., L., C.; Castilho, C., V.; Chama, V.; Chao, K., J.; Chave, J.; Comiskey, J., A.; Cornejo Valverde, F.; da Costa, L.; de Oliveira, E., A.; Di Fiore, A.; Erwin, T., L.; Fauset, S.; Forsthofer, M.; Galbraith, D., R.; Grahame, E., S.; Groot, N.; Hérault, B.; Higuchi, N.; Honorio Coronado, E., N.; Keeling, H.; Killeen, T., J.; Laurance, W., F.; Laurance, S.; Licona, J.; Magnussen, W., E.; Marimon, B., S.; Marimon-Junior, B., H.; Mendoza, C.; Neill, D., A.; Nogueira, E., M.; Núñez, P.; Pallqui Camacho, N., C.; Parada, A.; Pardo-Molina, G.; Peacock, J.; Peña-Claros, M.; Pickavance, G., C.; Pitman, N., C., A.; Poorter, L.; Prieto, A.; Quesada, C., A.; Ramírez, F.; Ramírez-Angulo, H.; Restrepo, Z.; Roopsind, A.; Rudas, A.; Salomão, R., P.; Schwarz, M.; Silva, N.; Silva-Espejo, J., E.; Silveira, M.; Stropp, J.; Talbot, J.; ter Steege, H.; Teran-Aguilar, J.; Terborgh, J.; Thomas-Caesar, R.; Toledo, M.; Torello-Raventos, M.; Umetsu, R., K.; van der Heijden, G., M., F.; van der Hout, P.; Guimarães Vieira, I., C.; Vieira, S., A.; Vilanova, E.; Vos, V., A.; and Zagt, R., J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Nature, 519(7543): 344-348. 3 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Long-term$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Long-term decline of the Amazon carbon sink},\n type = {article},\n year = {2015},\n pages = {344-348},\n volume = {519},\n websites = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature14283,http://www.nature.com/doifinder/10.1038/nature14283},\n month = {3},\n publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},\n day = {18},\n id = {dc17514f-e36e-3038-8beb-e74c799c9bea},\n created = {2015-11-09T10:06:01.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2019-04-26T14:59:00.234Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Brienen2015},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Brienen, Roel J. W. and Phillips, Oliver L. and Feldpausch, Ted R. and Gloor, E. and Baker, T. R. and Lloyd, J. and Lopez-Gonzalez, G. and Monteagudo-Mendoza, A. and Malhi, Yadvinder and Lewis, S. L. and Vásquez Martinez, R. and Alexiades, M. and Álvarez Dávila, E. and Alvarez-Loayza, P. and Andrade, A. and Aragão, L. E. O. C. and Araujo-Murakami, A. and Arets, E. J. M. M. and Arroyo, L. and Aymard C., G. A. and Bánki, O. S. and Baraloto, C. and Barroso, J. and Bonal, D. and Boot, R. G. A. and Camargo, J. L. C. and Castilho, C. V. and Chama, V. and Chao, K. J. and Chave, J. and Comiskey, J. A. and Cornejo Valverde, F. and da Costa, L. and de Oliveira, E. A. and Di Fiore, A. and Erwin, T. L. and Fauset, S. and Forsthofer, M. and Galbraith, D. R. and Grahame, E. S. and Groot, N. and Hérault, B. and Higuchi, N. and Honorio Coronado, E. N. and Keeling, H. and Killeen, T. J. and Laurance, W. F. and Laurance, S. and Licona, J. and Magnussen, W. E. and Marimon, B. S. and Marimon-Junior, B. H. and Mendoza, C. and Neill, D. A. and Nogueira, E. M. and Núñez, P. and Pallqui Camacho, N. C. and Parada, A. and Pardo-Molina, G. and Peacock, J. and Peña-Claros, M. and Pickavance, G. C. and Pitman, N. C. A. and Poorter, L. and Prieto, A. and Quesada, C. A. and Ramírez, F. and Ramírez-Angulo, H. and Restrepo, Z. and Roopsind, A. and Rudas, A. and Salomão, R. P. and Schwarz, M. and Silva, N. and Silva-Espejo, J. E. and Silveira, M. and Stropp, J. and Talbot, J. and ter Steege, H. and Teran-Aguilar, J. and Terborgh, J. and Thomas-Caesar, R. and Toledo, M. and Torello-Raventos, M. and Umetsu, R. K. and van der Heijden, G. M. F. and van der Hout, P. and Guimarães Vieira, I. C. and Vieira, S. A. and Vilanova, E. and Vos, V. A. and Zagt, R. J.},\n doi = {10.1038/nature14283},\n journal = {Nature},\n number = {7543},\n keywords = {FR_GUY}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Assessment of five global satellite products of fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation: Intercomparison and direct validation against ground-based data.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Tao, X.; Liang, S.; and Wang, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Remote Sensing of Environment, 163: 270-285. 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Assessment$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Assessment of five global satellite products of fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation: Intercomparison and direct validation against ground-based data},\n type = {article},\n year = {2015},\n keywords = {FR_PUE},\n pages = {270-285},\n volume = {163},\n websites = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0034425715001212},\n publisher = {Elsevier Inc.},\n id = {20b8119b-eb6a-3a8e-a799-167ce797d9ec},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:19.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Tao2015a},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Tao, Xin and Liang, Shunlin and Wang, Dongdong},\n doi = {10.1016/j.rse.2015.03.025},\n journal = {Remote Sensing of Environment}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Modelling the climatic drivers determining photosynthesis and carbon allocation in evergreen Mediterranean forests using multiproxy long time series.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Gea-Izquierdo, G.; Guibal, F.; Joffre, R.; Ourcival, J., M.; Simioni, G.; and Guiot, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeosciences, 12(12): 3695-3712. 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Modelling$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Modelling the climatic drivers determining photosynthesis and carbon allocation in evergreen Mediterranean forests using multiproxy long time series},\n type = {article},\n year = {2015},\n pages = {3695-3712},\n volume = {12},\n websites = {http://www.biogeosciences.net/12/3695/2015/bg-12-3695-2015.html},\n id = {1492eabe-59c1-38eb-a8cc-263659ecda7e},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:22.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Gea-Izquierdo2015},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Gea-Izquierdo, G. and Guibal, F. and Joffre, R. and Ourcival, J. M. and Simioni, G. and Guiot, J.},\n doi = {10.5194/bg-12-3695-2015},\n journal = {Biogeosciences},\n number = {12},\n keywords = {FR_FBN,FR_FON}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n On the ability of a global atmospheric inversion to constrain variations of CO₂ fluxes over Amazonia.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Molina, L.; Broquet, G.; Imbach, P.; Chevallier, F.; Poulter, B.; Bonal, D.; Burban, B.; Ramonet, M.; Gatti, L., V.; Wofsy, S., C.; Munger, J., W.; Dlugokencky, E.; and Ciais, P.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 15(14): 8423-8438. 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"On$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {On the ability of a global atmospheric inversion to constrain variations of CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes over Amazonia},\n type = {article},\n year = {2015},\n pages = {8423-8438},\n volume = {15},\n websites = {http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/15/8423/2015/},\n id = {11d6ed2c-8aae-393d-8258-68e95c75a623},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:22.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Molina2015},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The exchanges of carbon, water and energy between the atmosphere and the Amazon basin have global implications for the current and future climate. Here, the global atmospheric inversion system of the Monitoring of Atmospheric Composition and Climate (MACC) service is used to study the seasonal and interannual variations of biogenic CO2 fluxes in Amazonia during the period 2002–2010. The system assimilated surface measurements of atmospheric CO2 mole fractions made at more than 100 sites over the globe into an atmospheric transport model. The present study adds measurements from four surface stations located in tropical South America, a region poorly covered by CO2 observations. The estimates of net ecosystem exchange (NEE) optimized by the inversion are compared to an independent estimate of NEE upscaled from eddy-covariance flux measurements in Amazonia. They are also qualitatively evaluated against reports on the seasonal and interannual variations of the land sink in South America from the scientific literature. We attempt at assessing the impact on NEE of the strong droughts in 2005 and 2010 (due to severe and longer-than-usual dry seasons) and the extreme rainfall conditions registered in 2009. The spatial variations of the seasonal and interannual variability of optimized NEE are also investigated. While the inversion supports the assumption of strong spatial heterogeneity of these variations, the results reveal critical limitations of the coarse-resolution transport model, the surface observation network in South America during the recent years and the present knowledge of modelling uncertainties in South America that prevent our inversion from capturing the seasonal patterns of fluxes across Amazonia. However, some patterns from the inversion seem consistent with the anomaly of moisture conditions in 2009.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Molina, L. and Broquet, G. and Imbach, P. and Chevallier, F. and Poulter, B. and Bonal, D. and Burban, B. and Ramonet, M. and Gatti, L. V. and Wofsy, S. C. and Munger, J. W. and Dlugokencky, E. and Ciais, Philippe},\n doi = {10.5194/acp-15-8423-2015},\n journal = {Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics},\n number = {14},\n keywords = {GF_GUY}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Distributed modeling of ecohydrological processes at high spatial resolution over a landscape having patches of managed forest stands and crop fields in SW Europe.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Govind, A.; Cowling, S.; Kumari, J.; Rajan, N.; and Al-Yaari, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Ecological Modelling, 297: 126-140. 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Distributed$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Distributed modeling of ecohydrological processes at high spatial resolution over a landscape having patches of managed forest stands and crop fields in SW Europe},\n type = {article},\n year = {2015},\n keywords = {FR_BIL,FR_LBR},\n pages = {126-140},\n volume = {297},\n websites = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2014.10.019},\n publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},\n id = {f86b49e8-761b-36b3-bbc9-0876a8a5a831},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:28.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Govind2015},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {We simulated the ecohydrological processes of a forest-dominated landscape that comprises of managed maritime pine stands and crops in the Landes de Gascogne region of South West France. We used an improved model called STEPS that describes ecophysiological, biogeochemical and hydrological processes in a tightly coupled and spatially distributed manner, applicable to both pristine and managed ecosystems. Simulated gross primary productivity (GPP) and evapotranspiration (ET) showed large spatial variability over this landscape owing to the heterogeneities inherent in land cover, soil texture, topography and soil hydrology. Croplands (mainly maize) exhibited higher variability GPP (200-2500 gCm-2yr-1) and ET fluxes (150-800mmyr-1) relative to other land cover types, primarily due to the presence of fallow versus cultivated lands. The pine stands also showed considerable spatial variability in GPP (426-1320gCm-2yr-1) and ET (234-570mmyr-1) but this occurred mainly as a function of stand age and the understory species compositions. Comparison of simulated values with measurements taken at the LeBray stand revealed reasonable model performance for both GPP (R2=0.92, RMSE=0.77gCm-2day-1), ET (R2=0.81, RMSE=0.52mmday-1) and other ecohydrological indicators. Seasonal patterns of ET fluxes were more dynamic than GPP due to the presence of distinct subcomponent processes that were uniquely governed by several environmental factors. A sensitivity analysis of some parameters that are common to both GPP and ET simulation revealed that the most sensitive parameters were LAI, ?? and gs,max. This study will serve as the basis for further research on developing environmental management strategies specific to the Landes de Gascogne region of France.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Govind, Ajit and Cowling, Sharon and Kumari, Jyothi and Rajan, Nithya and Al-Yaari, Amen},\n doi = {10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2014.10.019},\n journal = {Ecological Modelling}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Joint control of terrestrial gross primary productivity by plant phenology and physiology.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Xia, J.; Niu, S.; Ciais, P.; Janssens, I., a.; Chen, J.; Ammann, C.; Arain, A.; Blanken, P., D.; Cescatti, A.; Bonal, D.; Buchmann, N.; Curtis, P., S.; Chen, S.; Dong, J.; Flanagan, L., B.; Frankenberg, C.; Georgiadis, T.; Gough, C., M.; Hui, D.; Kiely, G.; Li, J.; Lund, M.; Magliulo, V.; Marcolla, B.; Merbold, L.; Montagnani, L.; Moors, E., J.; Olesen, J., E.; Piao, S.; Raschi, A.; Roupsard, O.; Suyker, A., E.; Urbaniak, M.; Vaccari, F., P.; Varlagin, A.; Vesala, T.; Wilkinson, M.; Weng, E.; Wohlfahrt, G.; Yan, L.; and Luo, Y.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112(9): 201413090. 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Joint$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Joint control of terrestrial gross primary productivity by plant phenology and physiology},\n type = {article},\n year = {2015},\n pages = {201413090},\n volume = {112},\n websites = {http://www.pnas.org/lookup/doi/10.1073/pnas.1413090112},\n id = {a5f91b35-8aa1-3ecf-a144-cb661b28f819},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:28.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Xia2015a},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Xia, Jianyang and Niu, Shuli and Ciais, Philippe and Janssens, Ivan a. and Chen, Jiquan and Ammann, Christof and Arain, Altaf and Blanken, Peter D. and Cescatti, Alessandro and Bonal, Damien and Buchmann, Nina and Curtis, Peter S. and Chen, Shiping and Dong, Jinwei and Flanagan, Lawrence B. and Frankenberg, Christian and Georgiadis, Teodoro and Gough, Christopher M. and Hui, Dafeng and Kiely, Gerard and Li, Jianwei and Lund, Magnus and Magliulo, Vincenzo and Marcolla, Barbara and Merbold, Lutz and Montagnani, Leonardo and Moors, Eddy J. and Olesen, Jørgen E. and Piao, Shilong and Raschi, Antonio and Roupsard, Olivier and Suyker, Andrew E. and Urbaniak, Marek and Vaccari, Francesco P. and Varlagin, Andrej and Vesala, Timo and Wilkinson, Matthew and Weng, Ensheng and Wohlfahrt, Georg and Yan, Liming and Luo, Yiqi},\n doi = {10.1073/pnas.1413090112},\n journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},\n number = {9},\n keywords = {FR_AUR,FR_FON,FR_GRI,FR_GUY,FR_HES,FR_LAM,FR_LBR,FR_LQ1,FR_LQ2,FR_PUE,GF_GUY}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Does day and night sampling reduce spurious correlation between canopy photosynthesis and ecosystem respiration?.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Baldocchi, D.; Sturtevant, C.; and Contributors, F.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 207: 117-126. 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Does$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Does day and night sampling reduce spurious correlation between canopy photosynthesis and ecosystem respiration?},\n type = {article},\n year = {2015},\n pages = {117-126},\n volume = {207},\n websites = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S016819231500088X},\n publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},\n id = {3a4877e1-12e4-3720-9d7e-9c5c72fbb4f6},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:28.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Baldocchi2015},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {It is necessary to partition eddy covariance measurements of carbon dioxide exchange into its offsetting gross fluxes, canopy photosynthesis, and ecosystem respiration, to understand the biophysical controls on the net fluxes. And independent estimates of canopy photosynthesis (G) and ecosystem respiration (R) are needed to validate and parametrize carbon cycle models that are coupled with climate and ecosystem dynamics models. Yet there is a concern that carbon flux partitioning methods may suffer from spurious correlation because derived values of canopy photosynthesis and ecosystem respiration both contain common information on net carbon fluxes at annual time scales. We hypothesized that spurious correlation among canopy photosynthesis and ecosystem respiration can be minimized using day–night conditional sampling of CO2 exchange; daytime fluxes are dominated by photosynthesis and nighttime fluxes are dominated by respiration. To test this hypothesis, we derived explicit equations that quantify the degree of spurious correlation between photosynthesis and respi- ration. Theoretically, day and night samples of net carbon exchange share a different common variable, daytime ecosystem respiration, and the degree of spurious correlation depends upon the variance of this shared variable. We then applied this theory to ideal measurements of carbon exchange of over a vigorous, irrigated, and frequently harvested alfalfa field in the sunny and windy region of California, the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, where soil CO2 efflux is strong. In this case, we found that the correlation coefficient between canopy photosynthesis and ecosystem respiration was −0.79. This relatively high correlation between canopy photosynthesis and respiration was mostly real as the degree of spurious correlation was only −0.32. We then expanded this analysis to the FLUXNET database that spans a spectrum of climate and plant functional types. We found, on average, that the correlation between gross photosynthesis and ecosys- tem respiration, using day–night sampling, was close to minus one (−0.828 ± 0.130). For perspective, a large fraction of this correlation was real, as the degree of spurious correlation (Eq. (22)) was −0.526. We conclude that the potential for spurious correlation between canopy photosynthesis and ecosystem res- piration across the FLUXNET database was moderate. Looking across the database, we found that the least negative spurious correlations coefficients (>−0.3) were associated with seasonal deciduous forests. The most negative spurious correlations coefficients (<−0.7) were associated with evergreen forests found in boreal climates},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Baldocchi, Dennis and Sturtevant, Cove and Contributors, Fluxnet},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agrformet.2015.03.010},\n journal = {Agricultural and Forest Meteorology},\n keywords = {FR_GRI,FR_GUY,FR_HES,FR_LBR,FR_LQ1,FR_LQ2,FR_PUE,GF_GUY}\n}

\n\n\n

\n It is necessary to partition eddy covariance measurements of carbon dioxide exchange into its offsetting gross fluxes, canopy photosynthesis, and ecosystem respiration, to understand the biophysical controls on the net fluxes. And independent estimates of canopy photosynthesis (G) and ecosystem respiration (R) are needed to validate and parametrize carbon cycle models that are coupled with climate and ecosystem dynamics models. Yet there is a concern that carbon flux partitioning methods may suffer from spurious correlation because derived values of canopy photosynthesis and ecosystem respiration both contain common information on net carbon fluxes at annual time scales. We hypothesized that spurious correlation among canopy photosynthesis and ecosystem respiration can be minimized using day–night conditional sampling of CO2 exchange; daytime fluxes are dominated by photosynthesis and nighttime fluxes are dominated by respiration. To test this hypothesis, we derived explicit equations that quantify the degree of spurious correlation between photosynthesis and respi- ration. Theoretically, day and night samples of net carbon exchange share a different common variable, daytime ecosystem respiration, and the degree of spurious correlation depends upon the variance of this shared variable. We then applied this theory to ideal measurements of carbon exchange of over a vigorous, irrigated, and frequently harvested alfalfa field in the sunny and windy region of California, the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, where soil CO2 efflux is strong. In this case, we found that the correlation coefficient between canopy photosynthesis and ecosystem respiration was −0.79. This relatively high correlation between canopy photosynthesis and respiration was mostly real as the degree of spurious correlation was only −0.32. We then expanded this analysis to the FLUXNET database that spans a spectrum of climate and plant functional types. We found, on average, that the correlation between gross photosynthesis and ecosys- tem respiration, using day–night sampling, was close to minus one (−0.828 ± 0.130). For perspective, a large fraction of this correlation was real, as the degree of spurious correlation (Eq. (22)) was −0.526. We conclude that the potential for spurious correlation between canopy photosynthesis and ecosystem res- piration across the FLUXNET database was moderate. Looking across the database, we found that the least negative spurious correlations coefficients (>−0.3) were associated with seasonal deciduous forests. The most negative spurious correlations coefficients (<−0.7) were associated with evergreen forests found in boreal climates\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Explanatory ecological factors for the persistence of desiccation-sensitive seeds in transient soil seed banks: Quercus ilex as a case study.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Joët, T.; Ourcival, J.; Capelli, M.; Dussert, S.; and Morin, X.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Annals of Botany,mcv139. 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Explanatory$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Explanatory ecological factors for the persistence of desiccation-sensitive seeds in transient soil seed banks: Quercus ilex as a case study},\n type = {article},\n year = {2015},\n keywords = {FR_PUE},\n pages = {mcv139},\n websites = {http://aob.oxfordjournals.org/lookup/doi/10.1093/aob/mcv139},\n id = {957c251e-370f-3359-b207-0dc3377acad5},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:29.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Joet2015},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Joët, Thierry and Ourcival, Jean-Marc and Capelli, Mathilde and Dussert, Stéphane and Morin, Xavier},\n doi = {10.1093/aob/mcv139},\n journal = {Annals of Botany}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Rainfall interception and the coupled surface water and energy balance.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n van Dijk, A., I.; Gash, J., H.; van Gorsel, E.; Blanken, P., D.; Cescatti, A.; Emmel, C.; Gielen, B.; Harman, I., N.; Kiely, G.; Merbold, L.; Montagnani, L.; Moors, E., J.; Sottocornola, M.; Varlagin, A.; Williams, C., A.; and Wohlfahrt, G.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 214-215(October): 402-415. 12 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Rainfall$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Rainfall interception and the coupled surface water and energy balance},\n type = {article},\n year = {2015},\n pages = {402-415},\n volume = {214-215},\n websites = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S016819231500711X},\n month = {12},\n id = {8c868553-18f9-3a85-8fb7-a22de0a1ef10},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:29.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2019-04-26T14:59:00.311Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {VanDijk2015a},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {van Dijk, Albert I.J.M. and Gash, John H. and van Gorsel, Eva and Blanken, Peter D. and Cescatti, Alessandro and Emmel, Carmen and Gielen, Bert and Harman, Ian N. and Kiely, Gerard and Merbold, Lutz and Montagnani, Leonardo and Moors, Eddy J. and Sottocornola, Matteo and Varlagin, Andrej and Williams, Christopher A. and Wohlfahrt, Georg},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agrformet.2015.09.006},\n journal = {Agricultural and Forest Meteorology},\n number = {October},\n keywords = {FR_GRI,FR_HES,FR_LBr,FR_LQ1,FR_LQ2,FR_PUE}\n}

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\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Grassland–Cropping Rotations: An Avenue for Agricultural Diversification to Reconcile High Production with Environmental Quality.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Lemaire, G.; Gastal, F.; Franzluebbers, A.; and Chabbi, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Environmental Management, 56(5): 1065-1077. 11 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Grassland–Cropping$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Grassland–Cropping Rotations: An Avenue for Agricultural Diversification to Reconcile High Production with Environmental Quality},\n type = {article},\n year = {2015},\n keywords = {FR_LUS},\n pages = {1065-1077},\n volume = {56},\n websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26070897,http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00267-015-0561-6},\n month = {11},\n day = {13},\n id = {6a0828b1-13ac-3124-827d-5477f9cf2e51},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:29.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Lemaire2015},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {A need to increase agricultural production across the world to ensure continued food security appears to be at odds with the urgency to reduce the negative environmental impacts of intensive agriculture. Around the world, intensification has been associated with massive simplification and uniformity at all levels of organization, i.e., field, farm, landscape, and region. Therefore, we postulate that negative environmental impacts of modern agriculture are due more to production simplification than to inherent characteristics of agricultural productivity. Thus by enhancing diversity within agricultural systems, it should be possible to reconcile high quantity and quality of food production with environmental quality. Intensification of livestock and cropping systems separately within different specialized regions inevitably leads to unacceptable environmental impacts because of the overly uniform land use system in intensive cereal areas and excessive N-P loads in intensive animal areas. The capacity of grassland ecosystems to couple C and N cycles through microbial-soil-plant interactions as a way for mitigating the environmental impacts of intensive arable cropping system was analyzed in different management options: grazing, cutting, and ley duration, in order to minimize trade-offs between production and the environment. We suggest that integrated crop-livestock systems are an appropriate strategy to enhance diversity. Sod-based rotations can temporally and spatially capture the benefits of leys for minimizing environmental impacts, while still maintaining periods and areas of intensive cropping. Long-term experimental results illustrate the potential of such systems to sequester C in soil and to reduce and control N emissions to the atmosphere and hydrosphere.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Lemaire, Gilles and Gastal, François and Franzluebbers, Alan and Chabbi, Abad},\n doi = {10.1007/s00267-015-0561-6},\n journal = {Environmental Management},\n number = {5}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Impact of climate, vegetation, soil and crop management variables on multi-year ISBA-A-gs simulations of evapotranspiration over a Mediterranean crop site.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Garrigues, S.; Olioso, A.; Carrer, D.; Decharme, B.; Calvet, J.; Martin, E.; Moulin, S.; and Marloie, O.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Geoscientific Model Development, 8(10): 3033-3053. 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Impact$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Impact of climate, vegetation, soil and crop management variables on multi-year ISBA-A-gs simulations of evapotranspiration over a Mediterranean crop site},\n type = {article},\n year = {2015},\n pages = {3033-3053},\n volume = {8},\n websites = {http://www.geosci-model-dev.net/8/3033/2015/},\n id = {55e1330d-28ea-3cfc-973d-ac63c9004f34},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:29.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2019-03-14T09:21:38.056Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Garrigues2015a},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Generic land surface models are generally driven by large-scale data sets to describe the climate, the soil properties, the vegetation dynamic and the cropland management (irrigation). This paper investigates the uncertainties in these drivers and their impacts on the evapotranspiration (ET) simulated from the Interactions between Soil, Biosphere, and Atmosphere (ISBA-A-gs) land surface model over a 12-year Mediterranean crop succession. We evaluate the forcing data sets used in the standard implementation of ISBA over France where the model is driven by the SAFRAN (Système d'Analyse Fournissant des Renseignements Adaptés à la Nivologie) high spatial resolution atmospheric reanalysis, the leaf area index (LAI) time courses derived from the ECOCLIMAP-II land surface parameter database and the soil texture derived from the French soil database. For climate, we focus on the radiations and rainfall variables and we test additional data sets which include the ERA-Interim (ERA-I) low spatial resolution reanalysis, the Global Precipitation Climatology Centre data set (GPCC) and the MeteoSat Second Generation (MSG) satellite estimate of downwelling shortwave radiations. The evaluation of the drivers indicates very low bias in daily downwelling shortwave radiation for ERA-I (2.5 W m−2) compared to the negative biases found for SAFRAN (−10 W m−2) and the MSG satellite (−12 W m−2). Both SAFRAN and ERA-I underestimate downwelling longwave radiations by −12 and −16 W m−2, respectively. The SAFRAN and ERA-I/GPCC rainfall are slightly biased at daily and longer timescales (1 and 0.5 % of the mean rainfall measurement). The SAFRAN rainfall is more precise than the ERA-I/GPCC estimate which shows larger inter-annual variability in yearly rainfall error (up to 100 mm). The ECOCLIMAP-II LAI climatology does not properly resolve Mediterranean crop phenology and underestimates the bare soil period which leads to an overall overestimation of LAI over the crop succession. The simulation of irrigation by the model provides an accurate irrigation amount over the crop cycle but the timing of irrigation occurrences is frequently unrealistic. Errors in the soil hydrodynamic parameters and the lack of irrigation in the simulation have the largest influence on ET compared to uncertainties in the large-scale climate reanalysis and the LAI climatology. Among climate variables, the errors in yearly ET are mainly related to the errors in yearly rainfall. The underestimation of the available water capacity and the soil hydraulic diffusivity induce a large underestimation of ET over 12 years. The underestimation of radiations by the reanalyses and the absence of irrigation in the simulation lead to the underestimation of ET while the overall overestimation of LAI by the ECOCLIMAP-II climatology induces an overestimation of ET over 12 years. This work shows that the key challenges to monitor the water balance of cropland at regional scale concern the representation of the spatial distribution of the soil hydrodynamic parameters, the variability of the irrigation practices, the seasonal and inter-annual dynamics of vegetation and the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of rainfall.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Garrigues, S. and Olioso, A. and Carrer, Dominique and Decharme, B. and Calvet, J.-C. and Martin, E. and Moulin, S. and Marloie, O.},\n doi = {10.5194/gmd-8-3033-2015},\n journal = {Geoscientific Model Development},\n number = {10},\n keywords = {FR_AVI}\n}

\n\n\n

\n Generic land surface models are generally driven by large-scale data sets to describe the climate, the soil properties, the vegetation dynamic and the cropland management (irrigation). This paper investigates the uncertainties in these drivers and their impacts on the evapotranspiration (ET) simulated from the Interactions between Soil, Biosphere, and Atmosphere (ISBA-A-gs) land surface model over a 12-year Mediterranean crop succession. We evaluate the forcing data sets used in the standard implementation of ISBA over France where the model is driven by the SAFRAN (Système d'Analyse Fournissant des Renseignements Adaptés à la Nivologie) high spatial resolution atmospheric reanalysis, the leaf area index (LAI) time courses derived from the ECOCLIMAP-II land surface parameter database and the soil texture derived from the French soil database. For climate, we focus on the radiations and rainfall variables and we test additional data sets which include the ERA-Interim (ERA-I) low spatial resolution reanalysis, the Global Precipitation Climatology Centre data set (GPCC) and the MeteoSat Second Generation (MSG) satellite estimate of downwelling shortwave radiations. The evaluation of the drivers indicates very low bias in daily downwelling shortwave radiation for ERA-I (2.5 W m−2) compared to the negative biases found for SAFRAN (−10 W m−2) and the MSG satellite (−12 W m−2). Both SAFRAN and ERA-I underestimate downwelling longwave radiations by −12 and −16 W m−2, respectively. The SAFRAN and ERA-I/GPCC rainfall are slightly biased at daily and longer timescales (1 and 0.5 % of the mean rainfall measurement). The SAFRAN rainfall is more precise than the ERA-I/GPCC estimate which shows larger inter-annual variability in yearly rainfall error (up to 100 mm). The ECOCLIMAP-II LAI climatology does not properly resolve Mediterranean crop phenology and underestimates the bare soil period which leads to an overall overestimation of LAI over the crop succession. The simulation of irrigation by the model provides an accurate irrigation amount over the crop cycle but the timing of irrigation occurrences is frequently unrealistic. Errors in the soil hydrodynamic parameters and the lack of irrigation in the simulation have the largest influence on ET compared to uncertainties in the large-scale climate reanalysis and the LAI climatology. Among climate variables, the errors in yearly ET are mainly related to the errors in yearly rainfall. The underestimation of the available water capacity and the soil hydraulic diffusivity induce a large underestimation of ET over 12 years. The underestimation of radiations by the reanalyses and the absence of irrigation in the simulation lead to the underestimation of ET while the overall overestimation of LAI by the ECOCLIMAP-II climatology induces an overestimation of ET over 12 years. This work shows that the key challenges to monitor the water balance of cropland at regional scale concern the representation of the spatial distribution of the soil hydrodynamic parameters, the variability of the irrigation practices, the seasonal and inter-annual dynamics of vegetation and the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of rainfall.\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Interpreting canopy development and physiology using a European phenology camera network at flux sites.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Wingate, L.; Ogeé, J.; Cremonese, E.; Filippa, G.; Mizunuma, T.; Migliavacca, M.; Moisy, C.; Wilkinson, M.; Moureaux, C.; Wohlfahrt, G.; Hammerle, A.; Hörtnagl, L.; Gimeno, C.; Porcar-Castell, A.; Galvagno, M.; Nakaji, T.; Morison, J.; Kolle, O.; Knohl, A.; Kutsch, W.; Kolari, P.; Nikinmaa, E.; Ibrom, A.; Gielen, B.; Eugster, W.; Balzarolo, M.; Papale, D.; Klumpp, K.; Köstner, B.; Grünwald, T.; Joffre, R.; Ourcival, J., M.; Hellstrom, M.; Lindroth, A.; George, C.; Longdoz, B.; Genty, B.; Levula, J.; Heinesch, B.; Sprintsin, M.; Yakir, D.; Manise, T.; Guyon, D.; Ahrends, H.; Plaza-Aguilar, A.; Guan, J., H.; and Grace, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeosciences, 12(20): 5995-6015. 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Interpreting canopy development and physiology using a European phenology camera network at flux sites},\n type = {article},\n year = {2015},\n pages = {5995-6015},\n volume = {12},\n id = {e92befb7-16d5-3ae1-9f5d-e70a31b3fbcc},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:29.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2021-02-05T10:33:17.612Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Wingate2015b},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Plant phenological development is orchestrated through subtle changes in photoperiod, temperature, soil moisture and nutrient availability. Presently, the exact timing of plant development stages and their response to climate and management practices are crudely represented in land surface models. As visual observations of phenology are laborious, there is a need to supplement long-term observations with automated techniques such as those provided by digital repeat photography at high temporal and spatial resolution. We present the first synthesis from a growing observational network of digital cameras installed on towers across Europe above deciduous and evergreen forests, grasslands and croplands, where vegetation and atmosphere CO2 fluxes are measured continuously. Using colour indices from digital images and using piecewise regression analysis of time-series, we explored whether key changes in canopy phenology could be detected automatically across different land use types in the network. The piecewise regression approach could capture the start and end of the growing season, in addition to identifying striking changes in colour signals caused by flowering and management practices such as mowing. Exploring the dates of green up and senescence of deciduous forests extracted by the piecewise regression approach against dates estimated from visual observations we found that these phenological events could be detected adequately (RMSE 2 flux measurements will improve our understanding of how changes in growing season length are likely to shape the capacity of European ecosystems to sequester CO2 in the future.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Wingate, L. and Ogeé, J. and Cremonese, E. and Filippa, G. and Mizunuma, T. and Migliavacca, Mirco and Moisy, C. and Wilkinson, M. and Moureaux, C. and Wohlfahrt, G. and Hammerle, A. and Hörtnagl, L. and Gimeno, C. and Porcar-Castell, A. and Galvagno, M. and Nakaji, T. and Morison, J. and Kolle, O. and Knohl, A. and Kutsch, W. and Kolari, P. and Nikinmaa, E. and Ibrom, A. and Gielen, B. and Eugster, W. and Balzarolo, M. and Papale, D. and Klumpp, K. and Köstner, B. and Grünwald, T. and Joffre, R. and Ourcival, J. M. and Hellstrom, M. and Lindroth, A. and George, C. and Longdoz, Bernard and Genty, B. and Levula, J. and Heinesch, B. and Sprintsin, M. and Yakir, D. and Manise, T. and Guyon, D. and Ahrends, H. and Plaza-Aguilar, A. and Guan, J. H. and Grace, J.},\n doi = {10.5194/bg-12-5995-2015},\n journal = {Biogeosciences},\n number = {20},\n keywords = {FR_AUR,FR_BIL,FR_FON,FR_GRI,FR_HES,FR_LAM,FR_LQ1,FR_LUS,FR_MON,FR_MRS,FR_PUE}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Bayesian inversions of a dynamic vegetation model at four European grassland sites.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Minet, J.; Laloy, E.; Tychon, B.; and François, L.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeosciences, 12(9): 2809-2829. 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Bayesian$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Bayesian inversions of a dynamic vegetation model at four European grassland sites},\n type = {article},\n year = {2015},\n pages = {2809-2829},\n volume = {12},\n websites = {http://www.biogeosciences.net/12/2809/2015/},\n id = {02c4a5a9-3869-3036-b2b2-4c874b4f4595},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:30.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Minet2015},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Minet, J. and Laloy, E. and Tychon, B. and François, L.},\n doi = {10.5194/bg-12-2809-2015},\n journal = {Biogeosciences},\n number = {9},\n keywords = {FR_LQ1}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Regional-scale analysis of carbon and water cycles on managed grassland systems.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Ma, S.; Lardy, R.; Graux, A.; Ben Touhami, H.; Klumpp, K.; Martin, R.; and Bellocchi, G.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Environmental Modelling & Software, 72: 356-371. 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Regional-scale$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Regional-scale analysis of carbon and water cycles on managed grassland systems},\n type = {article},\n year = {2015},\n pages = {356-371},\n volume = {72},\n websites = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1364815215000870},\n id = {c3b6a9d9-51de-3523-a83f-cdb77241d99f},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:30.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Ma2015},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Ma, Shaoxiu and Lardy, Romain and Graux, Anne-Isabelle and Ben Touhami, Haythem and Klumpp, Katja and Martin, Raphaël and Bellocchi, Gianni},\n doi = {10.1016/j.envsoft.2015.03.007},\n journal = {Environmental Modelling & Software},\n keywords = {FR_LQ1}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Components of near-surface energy balance derived from satellite soundings – Part 1: Noontime net available energy.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Mallick, K.; Jarvis, A.; Wohlfahrt, G.; Kiely, G.; Hirano, T.; Miyata, A.; Yamamoto, S.; and Hoffmann, L.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeosciences, 12(2): 433-451. 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Components$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Components of near-surface energy balance derived from satellite soundings – Part 1: Noontime net available energy},\n type = {article},\n year = {2015},\n pages = {433-451},\n volume = {12},\n websites = {http://www.biogeosciences.net/12/433/2015/},\n id = {0781eb6f-3a05-34f7-823f-247dd649753a},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:30.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Mallick2015a},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {This paper introduces a relatively simple method for recovering global fields of monthly midday (13:30 LT) near-surface net available energy (the sum of the sensible and latent heat flux or the difference between the net radiation and surface heat accumulation) using satellite visible and infrared products derived from the AIRS (Atmospheric Infrared Sounder) and MODIS (MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) platforms. The method focuses on first specifying net surface radiation by considering its various shortwave and longwave components. This was then used in a surface energy balance equation in conjunction with satellite day–night surface temperature difference to derive 12 h discrete time estimates of surface system heat capacity and heat accumulation, leading directly to retrieval for surface net available energy. Both net radiation and net available energy estimates were evaluated against ground truth data taken from 30 terrestrial tower sites affiliated with the FLUXNET network covering 7 different biome classes. This revealed a relatively good agreement between the satellite and tower data, with a pooled root-mean-square deviation of 98 and 72 W m−2 for monthly 13:30 LT net radiation and net available energy, respectively, although both quantities were underestimated by approximately 25 and 10%, respectively, relative to the tower observation. Analysis of the individual shortwave and longwave components of the net radiation revealed the downwelling shortwave radiation to be main source of this systematic underestimation.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Mallick, K. and Jarvis, A. and Wohlfahrt, G. and Kiely, G. and Hirano, T. and Miyata, A. and Yamamoto, S. and Hoffmann, L.},\n doi = {10.5194/bg-12-433-2015},\n journal = {Biogeosciences},\n number = {2},\n keywords = {FR_HES,FR_LBR,FR_PUE}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Evaluation of three satellite-based latent heat flux algorithms over forest ecosystems using eddy covariance data.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Yao, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Zhao, S.; Li, X.; and Jia, K.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 187(6): 382. 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Evaluation$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Evaluation of three satellite-based latent heat flux algorithms over forest ecosystems using eddy covariance data},\n type = {article},\n year = {2015},\n keywords = {FR_FON,FR_LBR,FR_PUE},\n pages = {382},\n volume = {187},\n websites = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10661-015-4619-y},\n id = {d6c49678-71e5-3dbc-980d-b3758bf6ded7},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:32.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Yao2015a},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Yao, Yunjun and Zhang, Yuhu and Zhao, Shaohua and Li, Xianglan and Jia, Kun},\n doi = {10.1007/s10661-015-4619-y},\n journal = {Environmental Monitoring and Assessment},\n number = {6}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Joint assimilation of eddy covariance flux measurements and FAPAR products over temperate forests within a process-oriented biosphere model.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Bacour, C.; Peylin, P.; MacBean, N.; Rayner, P., J.; Delage, F.; Chevallier, F.; Weiss, M.; Demarty, J.; Santaren, D.; Baret, F.; Berveiller, D.; Dufrêne, E.; and Prunet, P.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 120(November): 1-19. 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Joint assimilation of eddy covariance flux measurements and FAPAR products over temperate forests within a process-oriented biosphere model},\n type = {article},\n year = {2015},\n keywords = {FR_FON,FR_PUE},\n pages = {1-19},\n volume = {120},\n id = {13900b3b-6429-3359-aeda-7d509a6c2bc2},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:32.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Bacour2015},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Bacour, C and Peylin, P and MacBean, N and Rayner, P J and Delage, F and Chevallier, F and Weiss, M and Demarty, J and Santaren, D and Baret, F and Berveiller, D and Dufrêne, E and Prunet, P},\n doi = {10.1002/2015JG002966},\n journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences},\n number = {November}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Optimal stomatal behaviour around the world.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Lin, Y.; Medlyn, B., E.; Duursma, R., a.; Prentice, I., C.; Wang, H.; Baig, S.; Eamus, D.; de Dios, V., R.; Mitchell, P.; Ellsworth, D., S.; de Beeck, M., O.; Wallin, G.; Uddling, J.; Tarvainen, L.; Linderson, M.; Cernusak, L., a.; Nippert, J., B.; Ocheltree, T., W.; Tissue, D., T.; Martin-StPaul, N., K.; Rogers, A.; Warren, J., M.; De Angelis, P.; Hikosaka, K.; Han, Q.; Onoda, Y.; Gimeno, T., E.; Barton, C., V., M.; Bennie, J.; Bonal, D.; Bosc, A.; Löw, M.; Macinins-Ng, C.; Rey, A.; Rowland, L.; Setterfield, S., a.; Tausz-Posch, S.; Zaragoza-Castells, J.; Broadmeadow, M., S., J.; Drake, J., E.; Freeman, M.; Ghannoum, O.; Hutley, L., B.; Kelly, J., W.; Kikuzawa, K.; Kolari, P.; Koyama, K.; Limousin, J.; Meir, P.; Lola da Costa, A., C.; Mikkelsen, T., N.; Salinas, N.; Sun, W.; and Wingate, L.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Nature Climate Change, (March): 1-6. 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Optimal$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Optimal stomatal behaviour around the world},\n type = {article},\n year = {2015},\n pages = {1-6},\n websites = {http://www.nature.com/doifinder/10.1038/nclimate2550},\n id = {fddb1fdd-dea9-3240-80c2-22f866736e20},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:32.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Lin2015a},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Lin, Yan-Shih and Medlyn, Belinda E. and Duursma, Remko a. and Prentice, I. Colin and Wang, Han and Baig, Sofia and Eamus, Derek and de Dios, Victor Resco and Mitchell, Patrick and Ellsworth, David S. and de Beeck, Maarten Op and Wallin, Göran and Uddling, Johan and Tarvainen, Lasse and Linderson, Maj-Lena and Cernusak, Lucas a. and Nippert, Jesse B. and Ocheltree, Troy W. and Tissue, David T. and Martin-StPaul, Nicolas K. and Rogers, Alistair and Warren, Jeff M. and De Angelis, Paolo and Hikosaka, Kouki and Han, Qingmin and Onoda, Yusuke and Gimeno, Teresa E. and Barton, Craig V. M. and Bennie, Jonathan and Bonal, Damien and Bosc, Alexandre and Löw, Markus and Macinins-Ng, Cate and Rey, Ana and Rowland, Lucy and Setterfield, Samantha a. and Tausz-Posch, Sabine and Zaragoza-Castells, Joana and Broadmeadow, Mark S. J. and Drake, John E. and Freeman, Michael and Ghannoum, Oula and Hutley, Lindsay B. and Kelly, Jeff W. and Kikuzawa, Kihachiro and Kolari, Pasi and Koyama, Kohei and Limousin, Jean-Marc and Meir, Patrick and Lola da Costa, Antonio C. and Mikkelsen, Teis N. and Salinas, Norma and Sun, Wei and Wingate, Lisa},\n doi = {10.1038/nclimate2550},\n journal = {Nature Climate Change},\n number = {March},\n keywords = {FR_GUY,FR_LBR,FR_PUE}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Soil Drought Anomalies in MODIS GPP of a Mediterranean Broadleaved Evergreen Forest.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Liu, J.; Rambal, S.; and Mouillot, F.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Remote Sensing,1154-1180. 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Soil Drought Anomalies in MODIS GPP of a Mediterranean Broadleaved Evergreen Forest},\n type = {article},\n year = {2015},\n keywords = {FR_PUE},\n pages = {1154-1180},\n id = {b853e0e6-5f23-3b1d-8a6e-52d5e96a05a9},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:32.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Liu2015},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) yields global operational estimates of terrestrial gross primary production (GPP). In this study, we compared MOD17A2 GPP with tower eddy flux-based estimates of GPP from 2001 to 2010 over an evergreen broad-leaf Mediterranean forest in Southern France with a significant summer drought period. The MOD17A2 GPP shows seasonal variations that are inconsistent with the tower GPP, with close-to-accurate winter estimates and significant discrepancies for summer estimates which are the least accurate. The analysis indicated that the MOD17A2 GPP has high bias relative to tower GPP during severe summer drought which we hypothesized caused by soil water limitation. Our investigation showed that there was a significant correlation (R2 = 0.77, p < 0.0001) between the relative soil water content and the relative error of MOD17A2 GPP. Therefore, the relationship between the error and the measured relative soil water content could explain anomalies in MOD17A2 GPP. The results of this study indicate that careful consideration of the water conditions input to the MOD17A2 GPP algorithm on remote sensing is required in order to provide accurate predictions of GPP. Still, continued efforts are necessary to ascertain the most appropriate index, which characterizes soil water limitation in water-limited environments using remote sensing.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Liu, Jia and Rambal, Serge and Mouillot, Florent},\n doi = {10.3390/rs70101154},\n journal = {Remote Sensing}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Biomass production efficiency controlled by management in temperate and boreal ecosystems.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Campioli, M.; Vicca, S.; Luyssaert, S.; Bilcke, J.; Ceschia, E.; Chapin III, F., S.; Ciais, P.; Fernández-Martínez, M.; Malhi, Y.; Obersteiner, M.; Olefeldt, D.; Papale, D.; Piao, S., L.; Peñuelas, J.; Sullivan, P., F.; Wang, X.; Zenone, T.; and Janssens, I., A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Nature Geoscience, (October). 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Biomass$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Biomass production efficiency controlled by management in temperate and boreal ecosystems},\n type = {article},\n year = {2015},\n websites = {http://www.nature.com/doifinder/10.1038/ngeo2553},\n id = {4f688d20-8a6f-3e07-8439-08d4a4fc7049},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:33.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2019-04-26T14:59:00.469Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Campioli2015a},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Campioli, M. and Vicca, S. and Luyssaert, S. and Bilcke, J. and Ceschia, Eric and Chapin III, F. S. and Ciais, P. and Fernández-Martínez, M. and Malhi, Yadvinder and Obersteiner, M. and Olefeldt, D. and Papale, D. and Piao, S. L. and Peñuelas, J. and Sullivan, P. F. and Wang, X. and Zenone, T. and Janssens, I. A.},\n doi = {10.1038/ngeo2553},\n journal = {Nature Geoscience},\n number = {October},\n keywords = {FR_AUR,FR_AVI,FR_GRI,FR_HES,FR_LAM,FR_PUE}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Biotic and climatic controls on interannual variability in carbon fluxes across terrestrial ecosystems.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Shao, J.; Zhou, X.; Luo, Y.; Li, B.; Aurela, M.; Billesbach, D.; Blanken, P., D.; Bracho, R.; Chen, J.; Fischer, M.; Fu, Y.; Gu, L.; Han, S.; He, Y.; Kolb, T.; Li, Y.; Nagy, Z.; Niu, S.; Oechel, W., C.; Pinter, K.; Shi, P.; Suyker, A.; Torn, M.; Varlagin, A.; Wang, H.; Yan, J.; Yu, G.; and Zhang, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 205: 11-22. 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Biotic$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Biotic and climatic controls on interannual variability in carbon fluxes across terrestrial ecosystems},\n type = {article},\n year = {2015},\n keywords = {FR_HES,FR_PUE},\n pages = {11-22},\n volume = {205},\n websites = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168192315000362},\n id = {e0db4fa0-a8fb-3f75-be9e-a92735681c89},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:33.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Shao2015a},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Interannual variability (IAV, represented by standard deviation) in net ecosystem exchange of CO2 (NEE) is mainly driven by climatic drivers and biotic variations (i.e., the changes in photosynthetic and respiratory responses to climate), the effects of which are referred to as climatic (CE) and biotic effects (BE), respectively. Evaluating the relative contributions of CE and BE to the IAV in carbon (C) fluxes and understanding their controlling mechanisms are critical in projecting ecosystem changes in the future climate. In this study, we applied statistical methods with flux data from 65 sites located in the Northern Hemisphere to address this issue. Our results showed that the relative contribution of BE (CnBE) and CE (CnCE) to the IAV in NEE was 57%±14% and 43%±14%, respectively. The discrepancy in the CnBE among sites could be largely explained by water balance index (WBI). Across water-stressed ecosystems, the CnBE decreased with increasing aridity (slope=0.18%mm−1). In addition, the CnBE tended to increase and the uncertainty reduced as timespan of available data increased from 5 to 15 years. Inter-site variation of the IAV in NEE mainly resulted from the IAV in BE (72%) compared to that in CE (37%). Interestingly, positive correlations between BE and CE occurred in grasslands and dry ecosystems (r>0.45, P<0.05) but not in other ecosystems. These results highlighted the importance of BE in determining the IAV in NEE and the ability of ecosystems to regulate C fluxes under climate change might decline when the ecosystems experience more severe water stress in the future.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Shao, Junjiong and Zhou, Xuhui and Luo, Yiqi and Li, Bo and Aurela, Mika and Billesbach, David and Blanken, Peter D. and Bracho, Rosvel and Chen, Jiquan and Fischer, Marc and Fu, Yuling and Gu, Lianhong and Han, Shijie and He, Yongtao and Kolb, Thomas and Li, Yingnian and Nagy, Zoltan and Niu, Shuli and Oechel, Walter C. and Pinter, Krisztina and Shi, Peili and Suyker, Andrew and Torn, Margaret and Varlagin, Andrej and Wang, Huimin and Yan, Junhua and Yu, Guirui and Zhang, Junhui},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agrformet.2015.02.007},\n journal = {Agricultural and Forest Meteorology}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The dynamic of the annual carbon allocation to wood in European tree species is consistent with a combined source–sink limitation of growth: implications for modelling.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Guillemot, J.; Martin-StPaul, N., K.; Dufrêne, E.; François, C.; Soudani, K.; Ourcival, J., M.; and Delpierre, N.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeosciences, 12(9): 2773-2790. 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {The dynamic of the annual carbon allocation to wood in European tree species is consistent with a combined source–sink limitation of growth: implications for modelling},\n type = {article},\n year = {2015},\n pages = {2773-2790},\n volume = {12},\n websites = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84929340117&partnerID=tZOtx3y1},\n id = {816a1227-e582-38df-adbd-4ca177dd157f},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:33.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Guillemot2015a},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The extent to which wood growth is limited by carbon (C) supply (i.e. source control) or by cambial activity (i.e. sink control) will strongly determine the responses of trees to global changes. Nevertheless, the physiological processes that are responsible for limiting forest growth are still a matter of debate. The aim of this study was to evaluate the key determinants of the annual C allocation to wood along large soil and climate regional gradients over France. The study was conducted for five tree species representative of the main European forest biomes (Fagus sylvatica, Quercus petraea, Quercus ilex, Quercus robur and Picea abies). The drivers of stand biomass growth were assessed on both inter-site and inter-annual scales. Our data set comprised field measurements performed at 49 sites (931 site-years) that included biometric measurements and a variety of stand characteristics (e.g. soil water holding capacity, leaf area index). It was complemented with process-based simulations when possible explanatory variables could not be directly measured (e.g. annual and seasonal tree C balance, bioclimatic water stress indices). Specifically, the relative influences of tree C balance (source control), direct environmental control (water and temperature controls of sink activity) and allocation adjustments related to age, past climate conditions, competition intensity and soil nutrient availability on growth were quantified. The inter-site variability in the stand C allocation to wood was predominantly driven by age-related decline. The direct effects of temperature and water stress on sink activity (i.e. effects independent from their effects on the C supply) exerted a strong influence on the annual stand wood growth in all of the species considered, including deciduous temperate species. The lagged effect of the past environmental conditions (e.g. the previous year's water stress and low C uptake) significantly affected the annual C allocation to wood. The C supply appeared to strongly limit growth only in temperate deciduous species. We provide an evaluation of the spatio-temporal dynamics of the annual C allocation to wood in French forests. Our study supports the premise that the growth of European tree species is subject to complex control processes that include both source and sink limitations. The relative influences of the growth drivers strongly vary with time and across spatial ecological gradients. We suggest a straightforward modelling framework with which to implement these combined forest growth limitations into terrestrial biosphere models.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Guillemot, J. and Martin-StPaul, N. K. and Dufrêne, Eric and François, C. and Soudani, K. and Ourcival, J. M. and Delpierre, N.},\n doi = {10.5194/bg-12-2773-2015},\n journal = {Biogeosciences},\n number = {9},\n keywords = {FR_PUE}\n}

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\n The extent to which wood growth is limited by carbon (C) supply (i.e. source control) or by cambial activity (i.e. sink control) will strongly determine the responses of trees to global changes. Nevertheless, the physiological processes that are responsible for limiting forest growth are still a matter of debate. The aim of this study was to evaluate the key determinants of the annual C allocation to wood along large soil and climate regional gradients over France. The study was conducted for five tree species representative of the main European forest biomes (Fagus sylvatica, Quercus petraea, Quercus ilex, Quercus robur and Picea abies). The drivers of stand biomass growth were assessed on both inter-site and inter-annual scales. Our data set comprised field measurements performed at 49 sites (931 site-years) that included biometric measurements and a variety of stand characteristics (e.g. soil water holding capacity, leaf area index). It was complemented with process-based simulations when possible explanatory variables could not be directly measured (e.g. annual and seasonal tree C balance, bioclimatic water stress indices). Specifically, the relative influences of tree C balance (source control), direct environmental control (water and temperature controls of sink activity) and allocation adjustments related to age, past climate conditions, competition intensity and soil nutrient availability on growth were quantified. The inter-site variability in the stand C allocation to wood was predominantly driven by age-related decline. The direct effects of temperature and water stress on sink activity (i.e. effects independent from their effects on the C supply) exerted a strong influence on the annual stand wood growth in all of the species considered, including deciduous temperate species. The lagged effect of the past environmental conditions (e.g. the previous year's water stress and low C uptake) significantly affected the annual C allocation to wood. The C supply appeared to strongly limit growth only in temperate deciduous species. We provide an evaluation of the spatio-temporal dynamics of the annual C allocation to wood in French forests. Our study supports the premise that the growth of European tree species is subject to complex control processes that include both source and sink limitations. The relative influences of the growth drivers strongly vary with time and across spatial ecological gradients. We suggest a straightforward modelling framework with which to implement these combined forest growth limitations into terrestrial biosphere models.\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Growth duration is a better predictor of stem increment than carbon supply in a Mediterranean oak forest: implications for assessing forest productivity under climate change.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Lempereur, M.; Martin-StPaul, N., K.; Damesin, C.; Joffre, R.; Ourcival, J.; Rocheteau, A.; and Rambal, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n New Phytologist, 207(3): n/a-n/a. 8 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Growth$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Growth duration is a better predictor of stem increment than carbon supply in a Mediterranean oak forest: implications for assessing forest productivity under climate change},\n type = {article},\n year = {2015},\n keywords = {FR_PUE},\n pages = {n/a-n/a},\n volume = {207},\n websites = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/nph.13400/abstract\\nhttp://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/nph.13400/full,http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/nph.13400},\n month = {8},\n id = {36b2291d-9e09-3a7e-832e-c8bba5af4f41},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:34.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Lempereur2015},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {* Understanding whether tree growth is limited by carbon gain (source limitation) or by the direct effect of environmental factors such as water deficit or temperature (sink limitation) is crucial for improving projections of the effects of climate change on forest productivity.\\n\\n\\n* We studied the relationships between tree basal area (BA) variations, eddy covariance carbon fluxes, predawn water potential (Ψpd) and temperature at different timescales using an 8-yr dataset and a rainfall exclusion experiment in a Quercus ilex Mediterranean coppice.\\n\\n\\n* At the daily timescale, during periods of low temperature (< 5°C) and high water deficit (< −1.1 MPa), gross primary productivity and net ecosystem productivity remained positive whereas the stem increment was nil. Thus, stem increment appeared limited by drought and temperature rather than by carbon input. Annual growth was accurately predicted by the duration of BA increment during spring (Δtt0–t1). The onset of growth (t0) was related to winter temperatures and the summer interruption of growth (t1) to a threshold Ψpd value of −1.1 MPa.\\n\\n\\n* We suggest that using environmental drivers (i.e. drought and temperature) to predict stem growth phenology can contribute to an improvement in vegetation models and may change the current projections of Mediterranean forest productivity under climate change scenarios.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Lempereur, Morine and Martin-StPaul, Nicolas K. and Damesin, Claire and Joffre, Richard and Ourcival, Jean-marc and Rocheteau, Alain and Rambal, Serge},\n doi = {10.1111/nph.13400},\n journal = {New Phytologist},\n number = {3}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Global variability in leaf respiration in relation to climate, plant functional types and leaf traits.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Atkin, O., K.; Bloomfield, K., J.; Reich, P., B.; Tjoelker, M., G.; Asner, G., P.; Bonal, D.; Bönisch, G.; Bradford, M., G.; Cernusak, L., A.; Cosio, E., G.; Creek, D.; Crous, K., Y.; Domingues, T., F.; Dukes, J., S.; Egerton, J., J., G.; Evans, J., R.; Farquhar, G., D.; Fyllas, N., M.; Gauthier, P., P., G.; Gloor, E.; Gimeno, T., E.; Griffin, K., L.; Guerrieri, R.; Heskel, M., A.; Huntingford, C.; Ishida, F., Y.; Kattge, J.; Lambers, H.; Liddell, M., J.; Lloyd, J.; Lusk, C., H.; Martin, R., E.; Maksimov, A., P.; Maximov, T., C.; Malhi, Y.; Medlyn, B., E.; Meir, P.; Mercado, L., M.; Mirotchnick, N.; Ng, D.; Niinemets, Ü.; O'Sullivan, O., S.; Phillips, O., L.; Poorter, L.; Poot, P.; Prentice, I., C.; Salinas, N.; Rowland, L., M.; Ryan, M., G.; Sitch, S.; Slot, M.; Smith, N., G.; Turnbull, M., H.; VanderWel, M., C.; Valladares, F.; Veneklaas, E., J.; Weerasinghe, L., K.; Wirth, C.; Wright, I., J.; Wythers, K., R.; Xiang, J.; Xiang, S.; and Zaragoza-Castells, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n New Phytologist, 206(2): 614-636. 4 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Global$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Global variability in leaf respiration in relation to climate, plant functional types and leaf traits},\n type = {article},\n year = {2015},\n pages = {614-636},\n volume = {206},\n websites = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/nph.13253},\n month = {4},\n id = {0e410d46-4a77-3594-908e-142cf1cd18ae},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:35.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:49.129Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {false},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Atkin2015},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Atkin, Owen K and Bloomfield, Keith J and Reich, Peter B and Tjoelker, Mark G and Asner, Gregory P and Bonal, Damien and Bönisch, Gerhard and Bradford, Matt G and Cernusak, Lucas A and Cosio, Eric G and Creek, Danielle and Crous, Kristine Y and Domingues, Tomas F and Dukes, Jeffrey S and Egerton, John J G and Evans, John R and Farquhar, Graham D and Fyllas, Nikolaos M. and Gauthier, Paul P G and Gloor, Emanuel and Gimeno, Teresa E and Griffin, Kevin L and Guerrieri, Rossella and Heskel, Mary A and Huntingford, Chris and Ishida, Françoise Yoko and Kattge, Jens and Lambers, Hans and Liddell, Michael J and Lloyd, Jon and Lusk, Christopher H and Martin, Roberta E and Maksimov, Ayal P. and Maximov, Trofim C and Malhi, Yadvinder and Medlyn, Belinda E. and Meir, Patrick and Mercado, Lina M. and Mirotchnick, Nicholas and Ng, Desmond and Niinemets, Ülo and O'Sullivan, Odhran S. and Phillips, Oliver L. and Poorter, Lourens and Poot, Pieter and Prentice, I Colin and Salinas, Norma and Rowland, Lucy M and Ryan, Michael G and Sitch, Stephen and Slot, Martijn and Smith, Nicholas G and Turnbull, Matthew H and VanderWel, Mark C. and Valladares, Fernando and Veneklaas, Erik J and Weerasinghe, Lasantha K and Wirth, Christian and Wright, Ian J and Wythers, Kirk R and Xiang, Jen and Xiang, Shuang and Zaragoza-Castells, Joana},\n doi = {10.1111/nph.13253},\n journal = {New Phytologist},\n number = {2},\n keywords = {FR_GUY}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Low historical nitrogen deposition effect on carbon sequestration in the boreal zone.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Fleischer, K.; Wårlind, D.; van der Molen, M., K.; Rebel, K., T.; Arneth, A.; Erisman, J., W.; Wassen, M., J.; Smith, B.; Gough, C., M.; Margolis, H., A.; Cescatti, A.; Montagnani, L.; Arain, A.; and Dolman, A., J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 120(12): 2542-2561. 12 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Low$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Low historical nitrogen deposition effect on carbon sequestration in the boreal zone},\n type = {article},\n year = {2015},\n keywords = {FR_FON,FR_HES,FR_LBR,GF_GUY},\n pages = {2542-2561},\n volume = {120},\n websites = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/2015JG002988},\n month = {12},\n id = {e1cee8bc-37e5-3688-b7cf-143d5b134337},\n created = {2016-03-11T08:42:08.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2019-04-26T14:59:00.643Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Fleischer2015},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Fleischer, K and Wårlind, D and van der Molen, M. K. and Rebel, K T and Arneth, A and Erisman, J W and Wassen, M J and Smith, B and Gough, C M and Margolis, H A and Cescatti, Alessandro and Montagnani, Leonardo and Arain, A and Dolman, A J},\n doi = {10.1002/2015JG002988},\n journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences},\n number = {12}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Filling the gaps in meteorological continuous data measured at FLUXNET sites with ERA-interim reanalysis.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Vuichard, N.; and Papale, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Earth System Science Data Discussions, 8(1): 23-55. 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Filling$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Filling the gaps in meteorological continuous data measured at FLUXNET sites with ERA-interim reanalysis},\n type = {article},\n year = {2015},\n pages = {23-55},\n volume = {8},\n websites = {http://www.earth-syst-sci-data-discuss.net/8/23/2015/},\n id = {2283efdf-6c29-31f2-9d5f-a0e0abd92099},\n created = {2016-03-11T08:42:08.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Vuichard2015},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Exchanges of carbon, water and energy between the land surface and the atmosphere are monitored by eddy covariance technique at the ecosystem level. Currently, the FLUXNET database contains more than 500 sites registered and up to 250 of them sharing data (Free Fair Use dataset). Many modelling groups use the FLUXNET dataset for evaluating ecosystem model's performances but it requires uninterrupted time series for the meteorological variables used as input. Because original in-situ data often contain gaps, from very short (few hours) up to relatively long (some months), we develop a new and robust method for filling the gaps in meteorological data measured at site level. Our approach has the benefit of making use of continuous data available globally (ERA-interim) and high temporal resolution spanning from 1989 to today. These data are however not measured at site level and for this reason a method to downscale and correct the ERA-interim data is needed. We apply this method on the level 4 data (L4) from the LaThuile collection, freely available after registration under a Fair-Use policy. The performances of the developed method vary across sites and are also function of the meteorological variable. On average overall sites, the bias correction leads to cancel from 10 to 36% of the initial mismatch between in-situ and ERA-interim data, depending of the meteorological variable considered. In comparison to the internal variability of the in-situ data, the root mean square error (RMSE) between the in-situ data and the un-biased ERA-I data remains relatively large (on average overall sites, from 27 to 76% of the standard deviation of in-situ data, depending of the meteorological variable considered). The performance of the method remains low for the wind speed field, in particular regarding its capacity to conserve a standard deviation similar to the one measured at FLUXNET stations.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Vuichard, N. and Papale, D.},\n doi = {10.5194/essdd-8-23-2015},\n journal = {Earth System Science Data Discussions},\n number = {1},\n keywords = {FR_FON,FR_GRI,FR_HES,FR_LBR,FR_LQ1,FR_LQ2,FR_PUE}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Investigating sources and sinks for ammonia exchanges between the atmosphere and a wheat canopy following slurry application with trailing hose.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Personne, E.; Tardy, F.; Génermont, S.; Decuq, C.; Gueudet, J.; Mascher, N.; Durand, B.; Masson, S.; Lauransot, M.; Fléchard, C.; Burkhardt, J.; and Loubet, B.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 207: 11-23. 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Investigating$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Investigating sources and sinks for ammonia exchanges between the atmosphere and a wheat canopy following slurry application with trailing hose},\n type = {article},\n year = {2015},\n keywords = {FR_GRI},\n pages = {11-23},\n volume = {207},\n websites = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168192315000805},\n publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},\n id = {5b5f1c27-ea0b-303c-8ad1-ccc69b5a2c08},\n created = {2016-03-16T13:17:39.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Personne2015},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Ammonia exchanges between the atmosphere and terrestrial ecosystems are composed of several pathways including exchange with the soil, the litter, the plant surfaces (cuticle) and through the stomata. In this study, the fate of nitrogen in the different pools (soil and plant) was analyzed with the aim of determining the sources and sink of atmospheric ammonia after slurry application on a wheat canopy. To do this, we measured ammonia exchanges between a winter wheat canopy and the atmosphere following cattle slurry application with a trailing hose. From 12 March to 8 April in Grignon near Paris, France, the ammonia fluxes ranged from an emission peak of 54,300 NH3 ngm−2s−1 on the day of slurry application (with a median during the first 24h of 5990 NH3 ngm−2s−1) to a deposition flux of −600 NH3 ngm−2s−1 (with a median during the last period of −16 NH3 ngm−2s−1). The ammonia compensation points were evaluated for apoplasm, foliar bulk, root bulk and litter bulk tissue, as well as for soil surface. Ammonia emission potentials defined by the ratios between the concentration in [NH4+] and [H+] for each N ecosystem pool were in the same order of magnitude for the plant decomposed in apoplastic liquid, green leaf bulk tissue and cuticle, respectively, averaging at 73, 160 and 120; in green leaf bulk tissues, the emission potential decreased gradually from 230 to 78 during the period after slurry application, while in the dead leaf bulk tissues considered as litter, the emission potential reached a maximum of 50,200 after application stabilized at around 20000. The dynamic of the emission potential for roots was similar to the ammonium concentration in the first two centimeters of the soil, with a maximum of 820 reached two days after application and a minimum of 44 reached three weeks later. The surfatm-NH3 model interpreted the emission and deposition fluxes by testing soil surface resistance. We conclude that emission of the first day application was driven by climatic conditions and ammonia concentration at the soil surface, with no surface resistance and with only soil surface emission potential. On the next three days, the ammonia emission originated from the soil surface with the growth of a dry surface layer inducing surface resistance and regulated by slurry infiltration. The following days need a more detailed description of soil surface processes and the integration of vegetation exchanges (stomatal and cuticle pathways), particularly in the last period, in order to explain the ammonia deposition.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Personne, Erwan and Tardy, Florence and Génermont, Sophie and Decuq, Céline and Gueudet, Jean-Christophe and Mascher, Nicolas and Durand, Brigitte and Masson, Sylvie and Lauransot, Michel and Fléchard, Christophe and Burkhardt, Jürgen and Loubet, Benjamin},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agrformet.2015.03.002},\n journal = {Agricultural and Forest Meteorology}\n}

\n\n\n

\n Ammonia exchanges between the atmosphere and terrestrial ecosystems are composed of several pathways including exchange with the soil, the litter, the plant surfaces (cuticle) and through the stomata. In this study, the fate of nitrogen in the different pools (soil and plant) was analyzed with the aim of determining the sources and sink of atmospheric ammonia after slurry application on a wheat canopy. To do this, we measured ammonia exchanges between a winter wheat canopy and the atmosphere following cattle slurry application with a trailing hose. From 12 March to 8 April in Grignon near Paris, France, the ammonia fluxes ranged from an emission peak of 54,300 NH3 ngm−2s−1 on the day of slurry application (with a median during the first 24h of 5990 NH3 ngm−2s−1) to a deposition flux of −600 NH3 ngm−2s−1 (with a median during the last period of −16 NH3 ngm−2s−1). The ammonia compensation points were evaluated for apoplasm, foliar bulk, root bulk and litter bulk tissue, as well as for soil surface. Ammonia emission potentials defined by the ratios between the concentration in [NH4+] and [H+] for each N ecosystem pool were in the same order of magnitude for the plant decomposed in apoplastic liquid, green leaf bulk tissue and cuticle, respectively, averaging at 73, 160 and 120; in green leaf bulk tissues, the emission potential decreased gradually from 230 to 78 during the period after slurry application, while in the dead leaf bulk tissues considered as litter, the emission potential reached a maximum of 50,200 after application stabilized at around 20000. The dynamic of the emission potential for roots was similar to the ammonium concentration in the first two centimeters of the soil, with a maximum of 820 reached two days after application and a minimum of 44 reached three weeks later. The surfatm-NH3 model interpreted the emission and deposition fluxes by testing soil surface resistance. We conclude that emission of the first day application was driven by climatic conditions and ammonia concentration at the soil surface, with no surface resistance and with only soil surface emission potential. On the next three days, the ammonia emission originated from the soil surface with the growth of a dry surface layer inducing surface resistance and regulated by slurry infiltration. The following days need a more detailed description of soil surface processes and the integration of vegetation exchanges (stomatal and cuticle pathways), particularly in the last period, in order to explain the ammonia deposition.\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Wood phenology, not carbon input, controls the interannual variability of wood growth in a temperate oak forest.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Delpierre, N.; Berveiller, D.; Granda, E.; and Dufrêne, E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n New Phytologist, (March). 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Wood phenology, not carbon input, controls the interannual variability of wood growth in a temperate oak forest},\n type = {article},\n year = {2015},\n keywords = {FR_FON},\n id = {94116dd2-33bf-3963-b073-8b6d4b018d85},\n created = {2016-11-03T14:24:17.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Delpierre2015c},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Although the analysis of flux data has increased our understanding of the interannual variability of carbon inputs into forest ecosystems, we still know little about the determinants of wood growth. Here, we aimed to identify which drivers control the interannual variability of wood growth in a mesic temperate deciduous forest. We analysed a 9-yr time series of carbon fluxes and aboveground wood growth (AWG), reconstructed at a weekly time-scale through the combination of dendrometer and wood density data. Carbon inputs and AWG anomalies appeared to be uncorrelated from the seasonal to interannual scales. More than 90% of the interannual variability of AWG was explained by a combination of the growth intensity during a first 'critical period' of the wood growing season, occurring close to the seasonal maximum, and the timing of the first summer growth halt. Both atmospheric and soil water stress exerted a strong control on the interannual variability of AWG at the study site, despite its mesic conditions, whilst not affecting carbon inputs. Carbon sink activity, not carbon inputs, determined the interannual variations in wood growth at the study site. Our results provide a functional understanding of the dependence of radial growth on precipitation observed in dendrological studies.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Delpierre, Nicolas and Berveiller, Daniel and Granda, Elena and Dufrêne, Eric},\n doi = {10.1111/nph.13771},\n journal = {New Phytologist},\n number = {March}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Multilayer modelling of ozone fluxes on winter wheat reveals large deposition on wet senescing leaves.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Potier, E.; Ogée, J.; Jouanguy, J.; Lamaud, E.; Stella, P.; Personne, E.; Durand, B.; Mascher, N.; and Loubet, B.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 211-212: 58-71. 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Multilayer$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Multilayer modelling of ozone fluxes on winter wheat reveals large deposition on wet senescing leaves},\n type = {article},\n year = {2015},\n pages = {58-71},\n volume = {211-212},\n websites = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0168192315001483},\n publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},\n id = {8a8e225d-0142-31b5-af23-e6534fd97e7c},\n created = {2016-11-03T14:24:17.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Potier2015},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Potier, E. and Ogée, J. and Jouanguy, J. and Lamaud, E. and Stella, P. and Personne, E. and Durand, B. and Mascher, N. and Loubet, Benjamin},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agrformet.2015.05.006},\n journal = {Agricultural and Forest Meteorology},\n keywords = {FR-GRI}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Intercomparison of clumping index estimates from POLDER, MODIS, and MISR satellite data over reference sites.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Pisek, J.; Govind, A.; Arndt, S., K.; Hocking, D.; Wardlaw, T., J.; Fang, H.; Matteucci, G.; and Longdoz, B.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 101: 47-56. 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Intercomparison$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Intercomparison of clumping index estimates from POLDER, MODIS, and MISR satellite data over reference sites},\n type = {article},\n year = {2015},\n keywords = {FR_HES,FR_HES},\n pages = {47-56},\n volume = {101},\n websites = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0924271614002706},\n publisher = {International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Inc. (ISPRS)},\n id = {c6fa49f6-44aa-3f52-bdfd-8824aa44d41f},\n created = {2020-08-28T15:56:02.002Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-08-28T15:56:02.002Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Pisek2015},\n source_type = {article},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Pisek, Jan and Govind, Ajit and Arndt, Stefan K. and Hocking, Darren and Wardlaw, Timothy J. and Fang, Hongliang and Matteucci, Giorgio and Longdoz, Bernard},\n doi = {10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2014.11.004},\n journal = {ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing}\n}

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\n \n 2014\n \n \n (30)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Agro-hydrology and multi temporal high resolution remote sensing: toward an explicit spatial processes calibration.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Ferrant, S.; Gascoin, S.; Veloso, A.; Salmon-Monviola, J.; Claverie, M.; Rivalland, V.; Dedieu, G.; Demarez, V.; Ceschia, E.; Probst, J.; Durand, P.; and Bustillo, V.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions, 11(7): 7689-7732. 7 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Agro-hydrology$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Agro-hydrology and multi temporal high resolution remote sensing: toward an explicit spatial processes calibration},\n type = {article},\n year = {2014},\n pages = {7689-7732},\n volume = {11},\n websites = {http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci-discuss.net/11/7689/2014/},\n month = {7},\n day = {10},\n id = {79471ddc-d73d-34a5-9a22-933c39d0f184},\n created = {2014-11-19T09:52:39.000Z},\n accessed = {2014-11-19},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2019-03-14T09:21:37.468Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Ferrant2014},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Ferrant, S. and Gascoin, S. and Veloso, A. and Salmon-Monviola, J. and Claverie, M. and Rivalland, V. and Dedieu, G. and Demarez, V. and Ceschia, Eric and Probst, J.-L. and Durand, P. and Bustillo, V.},\n doi = {10.5194/hessd-11-7689-2014},\n journal = {Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions},\n number = {7}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Complementary methods to distinguish organic and mineral matter in atmospheric particulate deposition and their respective nutrient inputs to temperate forest ecosystems.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Lequy, É.; Conil, S.; and Turpault, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Aeolian Research, 12: 101-109. 3 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Complementary$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Complementary methods to distinguish organic and mineral matter in atmospheric particulate deposition and their respective nutrient inputs to temperate forest ecosystems},\n type = {article},\n year = {2014},\n pages = {101-109},\n volume = {12},\n websites = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S187596371300102X},\n month = {3},\n id = {02f903c9-046b-3421-8cd0-abb0812cd969},\n created = {2014-12-04T08:20:40.000Z},\n accessed = {2014-11-21},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Lequy2014},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Lequy, Émeline and Conil, Sébastien and Turpault, Marie-Pierre},\n doi = {10.1016/j.aeolia.2013.12.003},\n journal = {Aeolian Research}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n How drought severity constrains GPP and its partitioning among carbon pools in a Quercus ilex coppice?.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Rambal, S.; Lempereur, M.; Limousin, J., M.; Martin-StPaul, N., K.; Ourcival, J., M.; and Rodríguez-Calcerrada, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeosciences Discussions, 11(6): 8673-8711. 6 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"How$ Paper\n \n \n \n $\"How$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {How drought severity constrains GPP and its partitioning among carbon pools in a <i>Quercus ilex</i> coppice?},\n type = {article},\n year = {2014},\n pages = {8673-8711},\n volume = {11},\n websites = {http://www.biogeosciences-discuss.net/11/8673/2014/},\n month = {6},\n day = {11},\n id = {d261a8f8-cea6-317c-ba8a-cd1313934e03},\n created = {2014-12-04T08:20:40.000Z},\n accessed = {2014-12-04},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Rambal2014},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Rambal, S. and Lempereur, M. and Limousin, J. M. and Martin-StPaul, N. K. and Ourcival, J. M. and Rodríguez-Calcerrada, J.},\n doi = {10.5194/bgd-11-8673-2014},\n journal = {Biogeosciences Discussions},\n number = {6}\n}

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\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Stem CO2 efflux and its contribution to ecosystem CO2 efflux decrease with drought in a Mediterranean forest stand.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Rodríguez-Calcerrada, J.; Martin-StPaul, N., K.; Lempereur, M.; Ourcival, J.; Rey, M., D., C., D.; Joffre, R.; and Rambal, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 195-196: 61-72. 9 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Stem$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Stem CO2 efflux and its contribution to ecosystem CO2 efflux decrease with drought in a Mediterranean forest stand},\n type = {article},\n year = {2014},\n pages = {61-72},\n volume = {195-196},\n websites = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0168192314001129},\n month = {9},\n publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},\n id = {a6269c94-174e-3356-a7b6-5ba8fae94aa9},\n created = {2014-12-04T08:20:40.000Z},\n accessed = {2014-12-04},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Rodriguez-Calcerrada2014},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Rodríguez-Calcerrada, Jesús and Martin-StPaul, Nicolas K. and Lempereur, Morine and Ourcival, Jean-Marc and Rey, María Del Carmen Del and Joffre, Richard and Rambal, Serge},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agrformet.2014.04.012},\n journal = {Agricultural and Forest Meteorology}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Increased water-use efficiency does not lead to enhanced tree growth under xeric and mesic conditions.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Lévesque, M.; Siegwolf, R.; Saurer, M.; Eilmann, B.; and Rigling, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n The New phytologist, 203(1): 94-109. 7 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Increased$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Increased water-use efficiency does not lead to enhanced tree growth under xeric and mesic conditions.},\n type = {article},\n year = {2014},\n keywords = {c a,can under certain conditions,carbon isotope,climate change,concentrations,higher atmospheric co 2,increase tree,larix,oxygen isotope,picea,pinus,pseudotsuga,tree ring},\n pages = {94-109},\n volume = {203},\n websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24635031},\n month = {7},\n id = {bc3cff5e-d6b4-3228-b6a4-2a82c53313a6},\n created = {2014-12-04T08:20:40.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Levesque2014},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Higher atmospheric CO2 concentrations (c(a)) can under certain conditions increase tree growth by enhancing photosynthesis, resulting in an increase of intrinsic water-use efficiency (i WUE) in trees. However, the magnitude of these effects and their interactions with changing climatic conditions are still poorly understood under xeric and mesic conditions. We combined radial growth analysis with intra- and interannual δ(13)C and δ(18)O measurements to investigate growth and physiological responses of Larix decidua, Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris, Pinus nigra and Pseudotsuga menziesii in relation to rising c(a) and changing climate at a xeric site in the dry inner Alps and at a mesic site in the Swiss lowlands. (i)WUE increased significantly over the last 50 yr by 8-29% and varied depending on species, site water availability, and seasons. Regardless of species and increased (i)WUE, radial growth has significantly declined under xeric conditions, whereas growth has not increased as expected under mesic conditions. Overall, drought-induced stomatal closure has reduced transpiration at the cost of reduced carbon uptake and growth. Our results indicate that, even under mesic conditions, the temperature-induced drought stress has overridden the potential CO2 'fertilization' on tree growth, hence challenging today's predictions of improved forest productivity of temperate forests.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Lévesque, Mathieu and Siegwolf, Rolf and Saurer, Matthias and Eilmann, Britta and Rigling, Andreas},\n doi = {10.1111/nph.12772},\n journal = {The New phytologist},\n number = {1}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Model–data fusion across ecosystems: from multi-site optimizations to global simulations.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Kuppel, S.; Peylin, P.; Maignan, F.; Chevallier, F.; Kiely, G.; Montagnani, L.; and Cescatti, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Geoscientific Model Development Discussions, 7(3): 2961-3011. 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Model–data$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Model–data fusion across ecosystems: from multi-site optimizations to global simulations},\n type = {article},\n year = {2014},\n pages = {2961-3011},\n volume = {7},\n websites = {http://www.geosci-model-dev-discuss.net/7/2961/2014/},\n id = {4cc3da96-aada-36f9-abce-03364fa94d0a},\n created = {2015-05-29T08:36:02.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2019-04-26T14:59:01.160Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Kuppel2014},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Kuppel, S. and Peylin, P. and Maignan, Fabienne and Chevallier, F. and Kiely, G. and Montagnani, Leonardo and Cescatti, Alessandro},\n doi = {10.5194/gmdd-7-2961-2014},\n journal = {Geoscientific Model Development Discussions},\n number = {3},\n keywords = {FR_FON}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Preferential cooling of hot extremes from cropland albedo management.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Davin, E., L.; Seneviratne, S., I.; Ciais, P.; Olioso, A.; and Wang, T.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 111(27): 9757-61. 7 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Preferential$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Preferential cooling of hot extremes from cropland albedo management.},\n type = {article},\n year = {2014},\n pages = {9757-61},\n volume = {111},\n websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24958872},\n month = {7},\n day = {8},\n id = {7341db0c-0274-3542-8890-6342a2ed51d8},\n created = {2015-05-29T09:26:59.000Z},\n accessed = {2014-10-20},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Davin2014},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Changes in agricultural practices are considered a possible option to mitigate climate change. In particular, reducing or suppressing tillage (no-till) may have the potential to sequester carbon in soils, which could help slow global warming. On the other hand, such practices also have a direct effect on regional climate by altering the physical properties of the land surface. These biogeophysical effects, however, are still poorly known. Here we show that no-till management increases the surface albedo of croplands in summer and that the resulting cooling effect is amplified during hot extremes, thus attenuating peak temperatures reached during heat waves. Using a regional climate model accounting for the observed effects of no-till farming on surface albedo, as well as possible reductions in soil evaporation, we investigate the potential consequences of a full conversion to no-till agriculture in Europe. We find that the summer cooling from cropland albedo increase is strongly amplified during hot summer days, when surface albedo has more impact on the Earth's radiative balance due to clear-sky conditions. The reduced evaporation associated with the crop residue cover tends to counteract the albedo-induced cooling, but during hot days the albedo effect is the dominating factor. For heatwave summer days the local cooling effect gained from no-till practice is of the order of 2 °C. The identified asymmetric impact of surface albedo change on summer temperature opens new avenues for climate-engineering measures targeting high-impact events rather than mean climate properties.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Davin, Edouard L and Seneviratne, Sonia I and Ciais, Philippe and Olioso, Albert and Wang, Tao},\n doi = {10.1073/pnas.1317323111},\n journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},\n number = {27}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Disturbances in European beech water relation during an extreme drought.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Peiffer, M.; Bréda, N.; Badeau, V.; and Granier, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Annals of Forest Science. 5 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Disturbances$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Disturbances in European beech water relation during an extreme drought},\n type = {article},\n year = {2014},\n keywords = {FR_HES},\n websites = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s13595-014-0383-3},\n month = {5},\n day = {23},\n id = {16c94149-c3d3-3e2c-a698-ab79a3dfa8a8},\n created = {2015-05-29T10:02:36.000Z},\n accessed = {2014-06-03},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Peiffer2014},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Peiffer, Marianne and Bréda, Nathalie and Badeau, Vincent and Granier, André},\n doi = {10.1007/s13595-014-0383-3},\n journal = {Annals of Forest Science}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Land management and land-cover change have impacts of similar magnitude on surface temperature.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Luyssaert, S.; Jammet, M.; Stoy, P., C.; Estel, S.; Pongratz, J.; Ceschia, E.; Churkina, G.; Don, A.; Erb, K.; Ferlicoq, M.; Gielen, B.; Grünwald, T.; Houghton, R., a.; Klumpp, K.; Knohl, A.; Kolb, T.; Kuemmerle, T.; Laurila, T.; Lohila, A.; Loustau, D.; McGrath, M., J.; Meyfroidt, P.; Moors, E., J.; Naudts, K.; Novick, K.; Otto, J.; Pilegaard, K.; Pio, C., a.; Rambal, S.; Rebmann, C.; Ryder, J.; Suyker, A., E.; Varlagin, A.; Wattenbach, M.; and Dolman, a., J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Nature Climate Change, 4(5): 389-393. 4 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Land$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Land management and land-cover change have impacts of similar magnitude on surface temperature},\n type = {article},\n year = {2014},\n pages = {389-393},\n volume = {4},\n websites = {http://www.nature.com/doifinder/10.1038/nclimate2196},\n month = {4},\n day = {13},\n id = {c3585248-c9bf-32fc-9643-2ec3f9f858e0},\n created = {2015-05-29T10:02:36.000Z},\n accessed = {2014-09-15},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Luyssaert2014a},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Luyssaert, Sebastiaan and Jammet, Mathilde and Stoy, Paul C. and Estel, Stephan and Pongratz, Julia and Ceschia, Eric and Churkina, Galina and Don, Axel and Erb, KarlHeinz and Ferlicoq, Morgan and Gielen, Bert and Grünwald, Thomas and Houghton, Richard a. and Klumpp, Katja and Knohl, Alexander and Kolb, Thomas and Kuemmerle, Tobias and Laurila, Tuomas and Lohila, Annalea and Loustau, Denis and McGrath, Matthew J. and Meyfroidt, Patrick and Moors, Eddy J. and Naudts, Kim and Novick, Kim and Otto, Juliane and Pilegaard, Kim and Pio, Casimiro a. and Rambal, Serge and Rebmann, Corinna and Ryder, James and Suyker, Andrew E. and Varlagin, Andrej and Wattenbach, Martin and Dolman, a. Johannes},\n doi = {10.1038/nclimate2196},\n journal = {Nature Climate Change},\n number = {5}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n How is water-use efficiency of terrestrial ecosystems distributed and changing on Earth?.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Tang, X.; Li, H.; Desai, A., R.; Nagy, Z.; Luo, J.; Kolb, T., E.; Olioso, A.; Xu, X.; Yao, L.; Kutsch, W.; Pilegaard, K.; Köstner, B.; and Ammann, C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Scientific Reports,1-11. 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {How is water-use efficiency of terrestrial ecosystems distributed and changing on Earth?},\n type = {article},\n year = {2014},\n pages = {1-11},\n id = {b41ece73-a36c-3c71-a9a1-22a2c4fdef2d},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:28.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Tang2014},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Tang, Xuguang and Li, Hengpeng and Desai, Ankur R. and Nagy, Zoltan and Luo, Juhua and Kolb, Thomas E. and Olioso, Albert and Xu, Xibao and Yao, Li and Kutsch, Werner and Pilegaard, Kim and Köstner, Barbara and Ammann, Christof},\n doi = {10.1038/srep07483},\n journal = {Scientific Reports},\n keywords = {FR_AVI,FR_HES,FR_LBR}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Evidence for strong seasonality in the carbon storage and carbon use efficiency of an Amazonian forest.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Rowland, L.; Hill, T., C.; Stahl, C.; Siebicke, L.; Burban, B.; Zaragoza-Castells, J.; Ponton, S.; Bonal, D.; Meir, P.; and Williams, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global change biology, 20(3): 979-91. 3 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Evidence$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Evidence for strong seasonality in the carbon storage and carbon use efficiency of an Amazonian forest.},\n type = {article},\n year = {2014},\n keywords = {GF_GUY},\n pages = {979-91},\n volume = {20},\n websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23996917},\n month = {3},\n id = {237ee746-2766-3337-bb17-b54a323a4637},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:28.000Z},\n accessed = {2014-09-16},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Rowland2014},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The relative contribution of gross primary production and ecosystem respiration to seasonal changes in the net carbon flux of tropical forests remains poorly quantified by both modelling and field studies. We use data assimilation to combine nine ecological time series from an eastern Amazonian forest, with mass balance constraints from an ecosystem carbon cycle model. The resulting analysis quantifies, with uncertainty estimates, the seasonal changes in the net carbon flux of a tropical rainforest which experiences a pronounced dry season. We show that the carbon accumulation in this forest was four times greater in the dry season than in the wet season and that this was accompanied by a 5% increase in the carbon use efficiency. This seasonal response was caused by a dry season increase in gross primary productivity, in response to radiation and a similar magnitude decrease in heterotrophic respiration, in response to drying soils. The analysis also predicts increased carbon allocation to leaves and wood in the wet season, and greater allocation to fine roots in the dry season. This study demonstrates implementation of seasonal variations in parameters better enables models to simulate observed patterns in data. In particular, we highlight the necessity to simulate the seasonal patterns of heterotrophic respiration to accurately simulate the net carbon flux seasonal tropical forest.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Rowland, Lucy and Hill, Timothy Charles and Stahl, Clement and Siebicke, Lukas and Burban, Benoit and Zaragoza-Castells, Joana and Ponton, Stephane and Bonal, Damien and Meir, Patrick and Williams, Mathew},\n doi = {10.1111/gcb.12375},\n journal = {Global change biology},\n number = {3}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Controls on seasonal patterns of maximum ecosystem carbon uptake and canopy-scale photosynthetic light response: Contributions from both temperature and photoperiod.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Stoy, P., C.; Trowbridge, A., M.; and Bauerle, W., L.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Photosynthesis Research, 119(1-2): 49-64. 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Controls on seasonal patterns of maximum ecosystem carbon uptake and canopy-scale photosynthetic light response: Contributions from both temperature and photoperiod},\n type = {article},\n year = {2014},\n keywords = {FR_FON,FR_HES,FR_LBR},\n pages = {49-64},\n volume = {119},\n id = {9f0630f8-50a1-3f84-b227-f3fcc1cc79cf},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:29.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Stoy2014},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Most models of photosynthetic activity assume that temperature is the dominant control over physiological processes. Recent studies have found, however, that photoperiod is a better descriptor than temperature of the seasonal variability of photosynthetic physiology at the leaf scale. Incorporating photoperiodic control into global models consequently improves their representation of the seasonality and magnitude of atmospheric CO2 concentration. The role of photoperiod versus that of temperature in controlling the seasonal variability of photosynthetic function at the canopy scale remains unexplored. We quantified the seasonal variability of ecosystem-level light response curves using nearly 400 site years of eddy covariance data from over eighty Free Fair-Use sites in the FLUXNET database. Model parameters describing maximum canopy CO2 uptake and the initial slope of the light response curve peaked after peak temperature in about 2/3 of site years examined, emphasizing the important role of temperature in controlling seasonal photosynthetic function. Akaike's Information Criterion analyses indicated that photoperiod should be included in models of seasonal parameter variability in over 90% of the site years investigated here, demonstrating that photoperiod also plays an important role in controlling seasonal photosynthetic function. We also performed a Granger causality analysis on both gross ecosystem productivity (GEP) and GEP normalized by photosynthetic photon flux density (GEP n ). While photoperiod Granger-caused GEP and GEP n in 99 and 92% of all site years, respectively, air temperature Granger-caused GEP in a mere 32% of site years but Granger-caused GEP n in 81% of all site years. Results demonstrate that incorporating photoperiod may be a logical step toward improving models of ecosystem carbon uptake, but not at the expense of including enzyme kinetic-based temperature constraints on canopy-scale photosynthesis.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Stoy, Paul C. and Trowbridge, Amy M. and Bauerle, William L.},\n doi = {10.1007/s11120-013-9799-0},\n journal = {Photosynthesis Research},\n number = {1-2}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Assessing the effects of management on forest growth across France: insights from a new functional-structural model.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Guillemot, J.; Delpierre, N.; Vallet, P.; François, C.; Martin-Stpaul, N., K.; Soudani, K.; Nicolas, M.; Badeau, V.; and Dufrêne, E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Annals of botany, (C): 779-793. 4 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Assessing$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Assessing the effects of management on forest growth across France: insights from a new functional-structural model.},\n type = {article},\n year = {2014},\n keywords = {FR_FON},\n pages = {779-793},\n websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24769539},\n month = {4},\n day = {25},\n id = {2a103ace-75bd-31f0-99ed-6530cb672ea4},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:29.000Z},\n accessed = {2014-09-10},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Guillemot2014a},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Background and AimsThe structure of a forest stand, i.e. the distribution of tree size features, has strong effects on its functioning. The management of the structure is therefore an important tool in mitigating the impact of predicted changes in climate on forests, especially with respect to drought. Here, a new functional-structural model is presented and is used to assess the effects of management on forest functioning at a national scale.MethodsThe stand process-based model (PBM) Castanea was coupled to a stand structure module (SSM) based on empirical tree-to-tree competition rules. The calibration of the SSM was based on a thorough analysis of intersite and interannual variability of competition asymmetry. The coupled Castanea-SSM model was evaluated across France using forest inventory data, and used to compare the effect of contrasted silvicultural practices on simulated stand carbon fluxes and growth.Key ResultsThe asymmetry of competition varied consistently with stand productivity at both spatial and temporal scales. The modelling of the competition rules enabled efficient prediction of changes in stand structure within the Castanea PBM. The coupled model predicted an increase in net primary productivity (NPP) with management intensity, resulting in higher growth. This positive effect of management was found to vary at a national scale across France: the highest increases in NPP were attained in forests facing moderate to high water stress; however, the absolute effect of management on simulated stand growth remained moderate to low because stand thinning involved changes in carbon allocation at the tree scale.ConclusionsThis modelling approach helps to identify the areas where management efforts should be concentrated in order to mitigate near-future drought impact on national forest productivity. Around a quarter of the French temperate oak and beech forests are currently in zones of high vulnerability, where management could thus mitigate the influence of climate change on forest yield.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Guillemot, Joannès and Delpierre, Nicolas and Vallet, Patrick and François, Christophe and Martin-Stpaul, Nicolas K and Soudani, Kamel and Nicolas, Manuel and Badeau, Vincent and Dufrêne, Eric},\n doi = {10.1093/aob/mcu059},\n journal = {Annals of botany},\n number = {C}\n}

\n\n\n

\n Background and AimsThe structure of a forest stand, i.e. the distribution of tree size features, has strong effects on its functioning. The management of the structure is therefore an important tool in mitigating the impact of predicted changes in climate on forests, especially with respect to drought. Here, a new functional-structural model is presented and is used to assess the effects of management on forest functioning at a national scale.MethodsThe stand process-based model (PBM) Castanea was coupled to a stand structure module (SSM) based on empirical tree-to-tree competition rules. The calibration of the SSM was based on a thorough analysis of intersite and interannual variability of competition asymmetry. The coupled Castanea-SSM model was evaluated across France using forest inventory data, and used to compare the effect of contrasted silvicultural practices on simulated stand carbon fluxes and growth.Key ResultsThe asymmetry of competition varied consistently with stand productivity at both spatial and temporal scales. The modelling of the competition rules enabled efficient prediction of changes in stand structure within the Castanea PBM. The coupled model predicted an increase in net primary productivity (NPP) with management intensity, resulting in higher growth. This positive effect of management was found to vary at a national scale across France: the highest increases in NPP were attained in forests facing moderate to high water stress; however, the absolute effect of management on simulated stand growth remained moderate to low because stand thinning involved changes in carbon allocation at the tree scale.ConclusionsThis modelling approach helps to identify the areas where management efforts should be concentrated in order to mitigate near-future drought impact on national forest productivity. Around a quarter of the French temperate oak and beech forests are currently in zones of high vulnerability, where management could thus mitigate the influence of climate change on forest yield.\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The potential of the greenness and radiation (GR) model to interpret 8-day gross primary production of vegetation.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Wu, C.; Gonsamo, A.; Zhang, F.; and Chen, J., M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 88: 69-79. 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {The potential of the greenness and radiation (GR) model to interpret 8-day gross primary production of vegetation},\n type = {article},\n year = {2014},\n keywords = {FR_FON,FR_HES,FR_LBR,FR_LQ1,FR_PUE},\n pages = {69-79},\n volume = {88},\n websites = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2013.10.015},\n publisher = {International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Inc. (ISPRS)},\n id = {fa207d6a-a4cf-3196-98a8-d36ca9702784},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:29.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Wu2014a},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Remote sensing of vegetation gross primary production (GPP) is an important step to analyze terrestrial carbon (C) cycles in response to changing climate. The availability of global networks of C flux measurements provides a valuable opportunity to develop remote sensing based GPP algorithms and test their performances across diverse regions and plant functional types (PFTs). Using 70 global C flux measurements including 24 non-forest (NF), 17 deciduous forest (DF) and 29 evergreen forest (EF), we present the evaluation of an upscaled remote sensing based greenness and radiation (GR) model for GPP estimation. This model is developed using enhanced vegetation index (EVI) and land surface temperature (LST) from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and global course resolution radiation data from the National Center for Environmental Prediction (NCEP). Model calibration was achieved using statistical parameters of both EVI and LST fitted for different PFTs. Our results indicate that compared to the standard MODIS GPP product, the calibrated GR model improved the GPP accuracy by reducing the root mean square errors (RMSE) by 16%, 30% and 11% for the NF, DF and EF sites, respectively. The standard MODIS and GR model intercomparisons at individual sites for GPP estimation also showed that GR model performs better in terms of model accuracy and stability. This evaluation demonstrates the potential use of the GR model in capturing short-term GPP variations in areas lacking ground measurements for most of vegetated ecosystems globally. ?? 2013 International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Inc. (ISPRS).},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Wu, Chaoyang and Gonsamo, Alemu and Zhang, Fangmin and Chen, Jing M.},\n doi = {10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2013.10.015},\n journal = {ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Priming effect and microbial diversity in ecosystem functioning and response to global change: a modeling approach using the SYMPHONY model.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Perveen, N.; Barot, S.; Alvarez, G.; Klumpp, K.; Martin, R.; Rapaport, A.; Herfurth, D.; Louault, F.; and Fontaine, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global change biology, 20(4): 1174-90. 4 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Priming$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Priming effect and microbial diversity in ecosystem functioning and response to global change: a modeling approach using the SYMPHONY model.},\n type = {article},\n year = {2014},\n keywords = {FR_LQ1},\n pages = {1174-90},\n volume = {20},\n websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24339186},\n month = {4},\n id = {6e7a2676-a540-3b97-8804-838661ce3e14},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:30.000Z},\n accessed = {2014-09-03},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Perveen2014a},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Integration of the priming effect (PE) in ecosystem models is crucial to better predict the consequences of global change on ecosystem carbon (C) dynamics and its feedbacks on climate. Over the last decade, many attempts have been made to model PE in soil. However, PE has not yet been incorporated into any ecosystem models. Here, we build plant/soil models to explore how PE and microbial diversity influence soil/plant interactions and ecosystem C and nitrogen (N) dynamics in response to global change (elevated CO2 and atmospheric N depositions). Our results show that plant persistence, soil organic matter (SOM) accumulation, and low N leaching in undisturbed ecosystems relies on a fine adjustment of microbial N mineralization to plant N uptake. This adjustment can be modeled in the SYMPHONY model by considering the destruction of SOM through PE, and the interactions between two microbial functional groups: SOM decomposers and SOM builders. After estimation of parameters, SYMPHONY provided realistic predictions on forage production, soil C storage and N leaching for a permanent grassland. Consistent with recent observations, SYMPHONY predicted a CO2 -induced modification of soil microbial communities leading to an intensification of SOM mineralization and a decrease in the soil C stock. SYMPHONY also indicated that atmospheric N deposition may promote SOM accumulation via changes in the structure and metabolic activities of microbial communities. Collectively, these results suggest that the PE and functional role of microbial diversity may be incorporated in ecosystem models with a few additional parameters, improving accuracy of predictions.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Perveen, Nazia and Barot, Sébastien and Alvarez, Gaël and Klumpp, Katja and Martin, Raphael and Rapaport, Alain and Herfurth, Damien and Louault, Frédérique and Fontaine, Sébastien},\n doi = {10.1111/gcb.12493},\n journal = {Global change biology},\n number = {4}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Forest summer albedo is sensitive to species and thinning: how should we account for this in Earth system models?.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Otto, J.; Berveiller, D.; Bréon, F.; Delpierre, N.; Geppert, G.; Granier, A.; Jans, W.; Knohl, A.; Kuusk, A.; Longdoz, B.; Moors, E., J.; Mund, M.; Pinty, B.; Schelhaas, M.; and Luyssaert, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeosciences, 11(8): 2411-2427. 4 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Forest$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Forest summer albedo is sensitive to species and thinning: how should we account for this in Earth system models?},\n type = {article},\n year = {2014},\n pages = {2411-2427},\n volume = {11},\n websites = {http://www.biogeosciences.net/11/2411/2014/},\n month = {4},\n day = {29},\n id = {8039905d-4116-31c3-83cb-476a976a2cdd},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:30.000Z},\n accessed = {2014-11-17},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2021-02-05T10:33:17.833Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Otto2014a},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Otto, Juliane and Berveiller, D. and Bréon, F.-M. and Delpierre, Nicolas and Geppert, G. and Granier, A. and Jans, W. and Knohl, A. and Kuusk, A. and Longdoz, Bernard and Moors, Eddy J. and Mund, M. and Pinty, B. and Schelhaas, M.-J. and Luyssaert, S.},\n doi = {10.5194/bg-11-2411-2014},\n journal = {Biogeosciences},\n number = {8},\n keywords = {FR_FON,FR_HES}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Global and time-resolved monitoring of crop photosynthesis with chlorophyll fluorescence.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Guanter, L.; Zhang, Y.; Jung, M.; Joiner, J.; Voigt, M.; Berry, J., a.; Frankenberg, C.; Huete, A., R.; Zarco-Tejada, P.; Lee, J.; Moran, M., S.; Ponce-Campos, G.; Beer, C.; Camps-Valls, G.; Buchmann, N.; Gianelle, D.; Klumpp, K.; Cescatti, A.; Baker, J., M.; and Griffis, T., J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 111(14): E1327-33. 4 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Global$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Global and time-resolved monitoring of crop photosynthesis with chlorophyll fluorescence.},\n type = {article},\n year = {2014},\n keywords = {FR_LQ1},\n pages = {E1327-33},\n volume = {111},\n websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24706867},\n month = {4},\n day = {8},\n id = {80614309-13df-3c51-94de-4c1b22b53c5f},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:30.000Z},\n accessed = {2014-07-22},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Guanter2014d},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Photosynthesis is the process by which plants harvest sunlight to produce sugars from carbon dioxide and water. It is the primary source of energy for all life on Earth; hence it is important to understand how this process responds to climate change and human impact. However, model-based estimates of gross primary production (GPP, output from photosynthesis) are highly uncertain, in particular over heavily managed agricultural areas. Recent advances in spectroscopy enable the space-based monitoring of sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) from terrestrial plants. Here we demonstrate that spaceborne SIF retrievals provide a direct measure of the GPP of cropland and grassland ecosystems. Such a strong link with crop photosynthesis is not evident for traditional remotely sensed vegetation indices, nor for more complex carbon cycle models. We use SIF observations to provide a global perspective on agricultural productivity. Our SIF-based crop GPP estimates are 50-75% higher than results from state-of-the-art carbon cycle models over, for example, the US Corn Belt and the Indo-Gangetic Plain, implying that current models severely underestimate the role of management. Our results indicate that SIF data can help us improve our global models for more accurate projections of agricultural productivity and climate impact on crop yields. Extension of our approach to other ecosystems, along with increased observational capabilities for SIF in the near future, holds the prospect of reducing uncertainties in the modeling of the current and future carbon cycle.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Guanter, Luis and Zhang, Yongguang and Jung, Martin and Joiner, Joanna and Voigt, Maximilian and Berry, Joseph a and Frankenberg, Christian and Huete, Alfredo R and Zarco-Tejada, Pablo and Lee, Jung-Eun and Moran, M Susan and Ponce-Campos, Guillermo and Beer, Christian and Camps-Valls, Gustavo and Buchmann, Nina and Gianelle, Damiano and Klumpp, Katja and Cescatti, Alessandro and Baker, John M and Griffis, Timothy J},\n doi = {10.1073/pnas.1320008111},\n journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},\n number = {14}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Global comparison of light use efficiency models for simulating terrestrial vegetation gross primary production based on the LaThuile database.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Yuan, W.; Cai, W.; Xia, J.; Chen, J.; Liu, S.; Dong, W.; Merbold, L.; Law, B.; Arain, A.; Beringer, J.; Bernhofer, C.; Black, A.; Blanken, P., D.; Cescatti, A.; Chen, Y.; Francois, L.; Gianelle, D.; Janssens, I., a.; Jung, M.; Kato, T.; Kiely, G.; Liu, D.; Marcolla, B.; Montagnani, L.; Raschi, A.; Roupsard, O.; Varlagin, A.; and Wohlfahrt, G.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 192-193: 108-120. 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Global$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Global comparison of light use efficiency models for simulating terrestrial vegetation gross primary production based on the LaThuile database},\n type = {article},\n year = {2014},\n keywords = {FR_LQ1},\n pages = {108-120},\n volume = {192-193},\n websites = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2014.03.007},\n publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},\n id = {a07ee693-aa11-30cc-9f43-188750c91d08},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:30.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Yuan2014b},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Simulating gross primary productivity (GPP) of terrestrial ecosystems has been a major challenge in quantifying the global carbon cycle. Many different light use efficiency (LUE) models have been developed recently, but our understanding of the relative merits of different models remains limited. Using CO2 flux measurements from multiple eddy covariance sites, we here compared and assessed major algorithms and performance of seven LUE models (CASA, CFix, CFlux, EC-LUE, MODIS, VPM and VPRM). Comparison between simulated GPP and estimated GPP from flux measurements showed that model performance differed substantially among ecosystem types. In general, most models performed better in capturing the temporal changes and magnitude of GPP in deciduous broadleaf forests and mixed forests than in evergreen broadleaf forests and shrublands. Six of the seven LUE models significantly underestimated GPP during cloudy days because the impacts of diffuse radiation on light use efficiency were ignored in the models. CFlux and EC-LUE exhibited the lowest root mean square error among all models at 80% and 75% of the sites, respectively. Moreover, these two models showed better performance than others in simulating interannual variability of GPP. Two pairwise comparisons revealed that the seven models differed substantially in algorithms describing the environmental regulations, particularly water stress, on GPP. This analysis highlights the need to improve representation of the impacts of diffuse radiation and water stress in the LUE models. © 2014 Elsevier B.V.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Yuan, Wenping and Cai, Wenwen and Xia, Jiangzhou and Chen, Jiquan and Liu, Shuguang and Dong, Wenjie and Merbold, Lutz and Law, Beverly and Arain, Altaf and Beringer, Jason and Bernhofer, Christian and Black, Andy and Blanken, Peter D. and Cescatti, Alessandro and Chen, Yang and Francois, Louis and Gianelle, Damiano and Janssens, Ivan a. and Jung, Martin and Kato, Tomomichi and Kiely, Gerard and Liu, Dan and Marcolla, Barbara and Montagnani, Leonardo and Raschi, Antonio and Roupsard, Olivier and Varlagin, Andrej and Wohlfahrt, Georg},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agrformet.2014.03.007},\n journal = {Agricultural and Forest Meteorology}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Productivity and Carbon Dioxide Exchange of Leguminous Crops: Estimates from Flux Tower Measurements.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Gilmanov, T., G.; Baker, J., M.; Bernacchi, C., J.; Billesbach, D., P.; Burba, G., G.; Castro, S.; Chen, J.; Eugster, W.; Fischer, M., L.; Gamon, J., A.; Gebremedhin, M., T.; Glenn, A., J.; Griffis, T., J.; Hatfield, J., L.; Heuer, M., W.; Howard, D., M.; Leclerc, M., Y.; Loescher, H., W.; Marloie, O.; Meyers, T., P.; Olioso, A.; Phillips, R., L.; Prueger, J., H.; Skinner, R., H.; Suyker, A., E.; Tenuta, M.; and Wylie, B., K.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agronomy Journal, 106(2): 545. 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Productivity$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Productivity and Carbon Dioxide Exchange of Leguminous Crops: Estimates from Flux Tower Measurements},\n type = {article},\n year = {2014},\n pages = {545},\n volume = {106},\n websites = {https://www.agronomy.org/publications/aj/abstracts/106/2/545},\n id = {0edb1c16-f89b-3f46-9a27-88b22a44f310},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:31.000Z},\n accessed = {2014-11-19},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Gilmanov2014b},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Gilmanov, Tagir G. and Baker, John M. and Bernacchi, Carl J. and Billesbach, David P. and Burba, George G. and Castro, Saulo and Chen, Jiquan and Eugster, Werner and Fischer, Marc L. and Gamon, John A. and Gebremedhin, Maheteme T. and Glenn, Aaron J. and Griffis, Timothy J. and Hatfield, Jerry L. and Heuer, Mark W. and Howard, Daniel M. and Leclerc, Monique Y. and Loescher, Henry W. and Marloie, Oliver and Meyers, Tilden P. and Olioso, Albert and Phillips, Rebecca L. and Prueger, John H. and Skinner, R. Howard and Suyker, Andrew E. and Tenuta, Mario and Wylie, Bruce K.},\n doi = {10.2134/agronj2013.0270},\n journal = {Agronomy Journal},\n number = {2},\n keywords = {FR_AVI}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Relationships between photochemical reflectance index and light-use efficiency in deciduous and evergreen broadleaf forests.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Soudani, K.; Hmimina, G.; Dufrêne, E.; Berveiller, D.; Delpierre, N.; Ourcival, J.; Rambal, S.; and Joffre, R.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Remote Sensing of Environment, 144: 73-84. 3 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Relationships$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Relationships between photochemical reflectance index and light-use efficiency in deciduous and evergreen broadleaf forests},\n type = {article},\n year = {2014},\n keywords = {FR_FON,FR_PUE},\n pages = {73-84},\n volume = {144},\n websites = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0034425714000303},\n month = {3},\n publisher = {Elsevier Inc.},\n id = {74f79e88-69fa-3026-8086-c00066823d4e},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:32.000Z},\n accessed = {2014-09-18},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Soudani2014b},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Soudani, Kamel and Hmimina, Gabriel and Dufrêne, Eric and Berveiller, Daniel and Delpierre, Nicolas and Ourcival, Jean-Marc and Rambal, Serge and Joffre, Richard},\n doi = {10.1016/j.rse.2014.01.017},\n journal = {Remote Sensing of Environment}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Terrestrial gross primary production inferred from satellite fluorescence and vegetation models.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Parazoo, N., C.; Bowman, K.; Fisher, J., B.; Frankenberg, C.; Jones, D., B., a.; Cescatti, A.; Pérez-Priego, Ó.; Wohlfahrt, G.; and Montagnani, L.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global Change Biology, 20(10): 3103-3121. 10 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Terrestrial$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Terrestrial gross primary production inferred from satellite fluorescence and vegetation models},\n type = {article},\n year = {2014},\n keywords = {FR_AUR,FR_FBN,FR_HES,FR_LAM,FR_LQ1},\n pages = {3103-3121},\n volume = {20},\n websites = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/gcb.12652},\n month = {10},\n id = {0437e4a7-5d4b-3ef4-9216-86f27c51d880},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:32.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Parazoo2014a},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Determining the spatial and temporal distribution of terrestrial gross primary production (GPP) is a critical step in closing the Earth's carbon budget. Dynamical global vegetation models (DGVMs) provide mechanistic insight into GPP variability but diverge in predicting the response to climate in poorly investigated regions. Recent advances in the remote sensing of solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) opens up a new possibility to provide direct global observational constraints for GPP. Here, we apply an optimal estimation approach to infer the global distribution of GPP from an ensemble of eight DGVMs constrained by global measurements of SIF from the Greenhouse Gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT). These estimates are compared to flux tower data in N. America, Europe, and tropical S. America, with careful consideration of scale differences between models, GOSAT, and flux towers. Assimilation of GOSAT SIF with DGVMs causes a redistribution of global productivity from northern latitudes to the tropics of 7-8 Pg C year(-1) from 2010-2012, with reduced GPP in northern forests (~3.6 Pg C year(-1) ) and enhanced GPP in tropical forests (~3.7 Pg C year(-1) ). This leads to improvements in the structure of the seasonal cycle, including earlier dry season GPP loss and enhanced peak-to-trough GPP in tropical forests within the Amazon Basin and reduced growing season length in northern croplands and deciduous forests. Uncertainty in predicted GPP (estimated from the spread of DGVMs) is reduced by 40-70% during peak productivity suggesting the assimilation of GOSAT SIF with models is well suited for model benchmarking. We conclude that satellite fluorescence augurs a new opportunity to quantify the GPP response to climate drivers and the potential to constrain predictions of carbon cycle evolution. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Parazoo, Nicholas C. and Bowman, Kevin and Fisher, Joshua B. and Frankenberg, Christian and Jones, Dylan B a and Cescatti, Alessandro and Pérez-Priego, Óscar and Wohlfahrt, Georg and Montagnani, Leonardo},\n doi = {10.1111/gcb.12652},\n journal = {Global Change Biology},\n number = {10}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Benchmarking the seasonal cycle of CO2 fluxes simulated by terrestrial ecosystem models.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Peng, S.; Ciais, P.; Chevallier, F.; Peylin, P.; Cadule, P.; Sitch, S.; Piao, S.; Ahlström, A.; Huntingford, C.; Levy, P.; Li, X.; Liu, Y.; Lomas, M.; Poulter, B.; Viovy, N.; Wang, T.; Wang, X.; Zaehle, S.; Zeng, N.; Zhao, F.; and Zhao, H.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global Biogeochemical Cycles,46-64. 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Benchmarking the seasonal cycle of CO2 fluxes simulated by terrestrial ecosystem models},\n type = {article},\n year = {2014},\n keywords = {FR_HES,FR_LQ1},\n pages = {46-64},\n id = {0dd863d9-ca68-3a4a-b74c-a9a749ceb76a},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:32.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Peng2014},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Peng, Shushi and Ciais, Philippe and Chevallier, Frédéric and Peylin, Philippe and Cadule, Patricia and Sitch, Stephen and Piao, Shilong and Ahlström, Anders and Huntingford, Chris and Levy, Peter and Li, Xiran and Liu, Yongwen and Lomas, Mark and Poulter, Benjamin and Viovy, Nicolas and Wang, Tao and Wang, Xuhui and Zaehle, Sönke and Zeng, Ning and Zhao, Fang and Zhao, Hongfang},\n doi = {10.1002/2014GB004931.Received},\n journal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n A new probabilistic canopy dynamics model (SLCD) that is suitable for evergreen and deciduous forest ecosystems.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Sainte-Marie, J.; Saint-André, L.; Nouvellon, Y.; Laclau, J., P.; Roupsard, O.; le Maire, G.; Delpierre, N.; Henrot, A.; and Barrandon, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Ecological Modelling, 290: 121-133. 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"A$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {A new probabilistic canopy dynamics model (SLCD) that is suitable for evergreen and deciduous forest ecosystems},\n type = {article},\n year = {2014},\n keywords = {FR_FON},\n pages = {121-133},\n volume = {290},\n websites = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2014.01.026},\n publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},\n id = {887b9825-f8ae-39df-ac34-22479e69b9aa},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:32.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Sainte-Marie2014b},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {There are strong uncertainties regarding LAI dynamics in forest ecosystems in response to climate change. While empirical growth & yield models (G&YMs) provide good estimations of tree growth at the stand level on a yearly to decennial scale, process-based models (PBMs) use LAI dynamics as a key variable for enabling the accurate prediction of tree growth over short time scales. Bridging the gap between PBMs and G&YMs could improve the prediction of forest growth and, therefore, carbon, water and nutrient fluxes by combining modeling approaches at the stand level. Our study aimed to estimate monthly changes of leaf area in response to climate variations from sparse measurements of foliage area and biomass. A leaf population probabilistic model (SLCD) was designed to simulate foliage renewal. The leaf population was distributed in monthly cohorts, and the total population size was limited depending on forest age and productivity. Foliage dynamics were driven by a foliation function and the probabilities ruling leaf aging or fall. Their formulation depends on the forest environment. The model was applied to three tree species growing under contrasting climates and soil types. In tropical Brazilian evergreen broadleaf eucalypt plantations, the phenology was described using 8 parameters. A multi-objective evolutionary algorithm method (MOEA) was used to fit the model parameters on litterfall and LAI data over an entire stand rotation. Field measurements from a second eucalypt stand were used to validate the model. Seasonal LAI changes were accurately rendered for both sites (R2 = 0.898 adjustment, R2 = 0.698 validation). Litterfall production was correctly simulated (R2 = 0.562, R2 = 0.4018 validation) and may be improved by using additional validation data in future work. In two French temperate deciduous forests (beech and oak), we adapted phenological sub-modules of the CASTANEA model to simulate canopy dynamics, and SLCD was validated using LAI measurements. The phenological patterns were simulated with good accuracy in the two cases studied. However, LAImax was not accurately simulated in the beech forest, and further improvement is required. Our probabilistic approach is expected to contribute to improving predictions of LAI dynamics. The model formalism is general and suitable to broadleaf forests for a large range of ecological conditions. © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Sainte-Marie, J. and Saint-André, L. and Nouvellon, Y. and Laclau, J. P. and Roupsard, O. and le Maire, G. and Delpierre, N. and Henrot, A. and Barrandon, M.},\n doi = {10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2014.01.026},\n journal = {Ecological Modelling}\n}

\n\n\n

\n There are strong uncertainties regarding LAI dynamics in forest ecosystems in response to climate change. While empirical growth & yield models (G&YMs) provide good estimations of tree growth at the stand level on a yearly to decennial scale, process-based models (PBMs) use LAI dynamics as a key variable for enabling the accurate prediction of tree growth over short time scales. Bridging the gap between PBMs and G&YMs could improve the prediction of forest growth and, therefore, carbon, water and nutrient fluxes by combining modeling approaches at the stand level. Our study aimed to estimate monthly changes of leaf area in response to climate variations from sparse measurements of foliage area and biomass. A leaf population probabilistic model (SLCD) was designed to simulate foliage renewal. The leaf population was distributed in monthly cohorts, and the total population size was limited depending on forest age and productivity. Foliage dynamics were driven by a foliation function and the probabilities ruling leaf aging or fall. Their formulation depends on the forest environment. The model was applied to three tree species growing under contrasting climates and soil types. In tropical Brazilian evergreen broadleaf eucalypt plantations, the phenology was described using 8 parameters. A multi-objective evolutionary algorithm method (MOEA) was used to fit the model parameters on litterfall and LAI data over an entire stand rotation. Field measurements from a second eucalypt stand were used to validate the model. Seasonal LAI changes were accurately rendered for both sites (R2 = 0.898 adjustment, R2 = 0.698 validation). Litterfall production was correctly simulated (R2 = 0.562, R2 = 0.4018 validation) and may be improved by using additional validation data in future work. In two French temperate deciduous forests (beech and oak), we adapted phenological sub-modules of the CASTANEA model to simulate canopy dynamics, and SLCD was validated using LAI measurements. The phenological patterns were simulated with good accuracy in the two cases studied. However, LAImax was not accurately simulated in the beech forest, and further improvement is required. Our probabilistic approach is expected to contribute to improving predictions of LAI dynamics. The model formalism is general and suitable to broadleaf forests for a large range of ecological conditions. © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Direct-estimation algorithm for mapping daily land-surface broadband albedo from modis data.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Qu, Y.; Liu, Q.; Liang, S.; Wang, L.; Liu, N.; and Liu, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 52(2): 907-919. 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Direct-estimation algorithm for mapping daily land-surface broadband albedo from modis data},\n type = {article},\n year = {2014},\n keywords = {FR_FON,FR_HES,FR_PUE},\n pages = {907-919},\n volume = {52},\n id = {16a07bc4-04da-3f92-b9d1-eca4e228ebdd},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:32.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Qu2014a},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Land surface albedo is a critical parameter in surface-energy budget studies. Over the past several decades, many albedo products are generated from remote-sensing data sets. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiome- ter (MODIS) bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF)/Albedo algorithm is used to routinely produce eight day (16-day composite), 1-km resolution MODIS albedo products. When some natural processes or human activities occur, the land-surface broadband albedo can change rapidly, so it is necessary to enhance the temporal resolution of albedo product. We present a direct-estimation algorithm for mapping daily land- surface broadband albedo from MODIS data. The polarization and directionality of the Earth’s reflectance-3/polarization and anisotropy of reflectances for atmospheric sciences coupled with observations from a Lidar BRDF database is employed as a training data set, and the 6S atmospheric radiative transfer code is used to simulate the top-of-atmosphere (TOA) reflectances. Then a relationship between TOA reflectances and land-surface broadband albedos is developed using an angular bin regression method. The robustness of this method for different angular bins, aerosol conditions, and land-cover types is analyzed. Simulation results show that the absolute error of this algorithm is ∼0.009 for vegetation, 0.012 for soil, and 0.030 for snow/ice. Validation of the direct-estimation algorithm against in situ measurement data shows that the proposed method is capable of characterizing the temporal variation of albedo, especially when the land-surface BRDF changes rapidly. Index},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Qu, Ying and Liu, Qiang and Liang, Shunlin and Wang, Lizhao and Liu, Nanfeng and Liu, Suhong},\n doi = {10.1109/TGRS.2013.2245670},\n journal = {IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing},\n number = {2}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Remote sensing of annual terrestrial gross primary productivity from MODIS: an assessment using the FLUXNET La Thuile data set.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Verma, M.; Friedl, M., a.; Richardson, A., D.; Kiely, G.; Cescatti, A.; Law, B., E.; Wohlfahrt, G.; Gielen, B.; Roupsard, O.; Moors, E., J.; Toscano, P.; Vaccari, F., P.; Gianelle, D.; Bohrer, G.; Varlagin, A.; Buchmann, N.; van Gorsel, E.; Montagnani, L.; and Propastin, P.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeosciences, 11(8): 2185-2200. 4 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Remote$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Remote sensing of annual terrestrial gross primary productivity from MODIS: an assessment using the FLUXNET La Thuile data set},\n type = {article},\n year = {2014},\n pages = {2185-2200},\n volume = {11},\n websites = {http://www.biogeosciences.net/11/2185/2014/},\n month = {4},\n day = {17},\n id = {e65a1ffa-95f6-397b-82de-5f1bbc06889f},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:33.000Z},\n accessed = {2014-05-05},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2019-04-26T14:59:01.124Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Verma2014b},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Verma, M. and Friedl, Mark a. and Richardson, Andrew D. and Kiely, G. and Cescatti, Alessandro and Law, Beverly Elizabeth and Wohlfahrt, G. and Gielen, B. and Roupsard, O. and Moors, Eddy J. and Toscano, P. and Vaccari, F. P. and Gianelle, D. and Bohrer, G. and Varlagin, A. and Buchmann, N. and van Gorsel, E. and Montagnani, Leonardo and Propastin, P.},\n doi = {10.5194/bg-11-2185-2014},\n journal = {Biogeosciences},\n number = {8},\n keywords = {FR_FON}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Influence of physiological phenology on the seasonal pattern of ecosystem respiration in deciduous forests.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Migliavacca, M.; Reichstein, M.; Richardson, A., D.; Mahecha, M., D.; Cremonese, E.; Delpierre, N.; Galvagno, M.; Law, B., E.; Wohlfahrt, G.; Andrew Black, T.; Carvalhais, N.; Ceccherini, G.; Chen, J.; Gobron, N.; Koffi, E.; William Munger, J.; Perez-Priego, O.; Robustelli, M.; Tomelleri, E.; and Cescatti, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global change biology,1-14. 7 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Influence$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Influence of physiological phenology on the seasonal pattern of ecosystem respiration in deciduous forests.},\n type = {article},\n year = {2014},\n keywords = {FR_FON,FR_HES},\n pages = {1-14},\n websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24990223},\n month = {7},\n day = {3},\n id = {35c858e3-21a4-3731-97c7-b2c7ba1d254f},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:33.000Z},\n accessed = {2014-08-13},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Migliavacca2014c},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Understanding the environmental and biotic drivers of respiration at the ecosystem level is a prerequisite to further improve scenarios of the global carbon cycle. In this study we investigated the relevance of physiological phenology, defined as seasonal changes in plant physiological properties, for explaining the temporal dynamics of ecosystem respiration (RECO ) in deciduous forests. Previous studies showed that empirical RECO models can be substantially improved by considering the biotic dependency of RECO on the short-term productivity (e.g., daily gross primary production, GPP) in addition to the well-known environmental controls of temperature and water availability. Here, we use a model-data integration approach to investigate the added value of physiological phenology, represented by the first temporal derivative of GPP, or alternatively of the fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation, for modeling RECO at 19 deciduous broadleaved forests in the FLUXNET La Thuile database. The new data-oriented semiempirical model leads to an 8% decrease in root mean square error (RMSE) and a 6% increase in the modeling efficiency (EF) of modeled RECO when compared to a version of the model that does not consider the physiological phenology. The reduction of the model-observation bias occurred mainly at the monthly time scale, and in spring and summer, while a smaller reduction was observed at the annual time scale. The proposed approach did not improve the model performance at several sites, and we identified as potential causes the plant canopy heterogeneity and the use of air temperature as a driver of ecosystem respiration instead of soil temperature. However, in the majority of sites the model-error remained unchanged regardless of the driving temperature. Overall, our results point toward the potential for improving current approaches for modeling RECO in deciduous forests by including the phenological cycle of the canopy.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Migliavacca, Mirco and Reichstein, Markus and Richardson, Andrew D. and Mahecha, Miguel D. and Cremonese, Edoardo and Delpierre, Nicolas and Galvagno, Marta and Law, Beverly Elizabeth and Wohlfahrt, Georg and Andrew Black, T. and Carvalhais, Nuno and Ceccherini, Guido and Chen, Jiquan and Gobron, Nadine and Koffi, Ernest and William Munger, J. and Perez-Priego, Oscar and Robustelli, Monica and Tomelleri, Enrico and Cescatti, Alessandro},\n doi = {10.1111/gcb.12671},\n journal = {Global change biology}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Evaluating the potential of large-scale simulations to predict carbon fluxes of terrestrial ecosystems over a European Eddy Covariance network.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Balzarolo, M.; Boussetta, S.; Balsamo, G.; Beljaars, A.; Maignan, F.; Calvet, J.; Lafont, S.; Barbu, A.; Poulter, B.; Chevallier, F.; Szczypta, C.; and Papale, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeosciences, 11(10): 2661-2678. 5 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Evaluating$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Evaluating the potential of large-scale simulations to predict carbon fluxes of terrestrial ecosystems over a European Eddy Covariance network},\n type = {article},\n year = {2014},\n pages = {2661-2678},\n volume = {11},\n websites = {http://www.biogeosciences.net/11/2661/2014/},\n month = {5},\n day = {20},\n id = {e1b6b453-d738-35a3-b173-b59ea7865478},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:34.000Z},\n accessed = {2014-11-13},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2019-04-26T14:59:00.645Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {true},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Balzarolo2014a},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Balzarolo, Manuela and Boussetta, S. and Balsamo, G. and Beljaars, A. and Maignan, Fabienne and Calvet, J.-C. and Lafont, Sebastien and Barbu, A. and Poulter, Benjamin and Chevallier, Frédéric and Szczypta, C. and Papale, D.},\n doi = {10.5194/bg-11-2661-2014},\n journal = {Biogeosciences},\n number = {10},\n keywords = {FR_FON,FR_LQ1,FR_LQ2,FR_PUE}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Seasonal changes in carbon and nitrogen compound concentrations in a Quercus petraea chronosequence.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Gilson, A.; Barthes, L.; Delpierre, N.; Dufrêne, É.; Fresneau, C.; Bazot, S.; Dufrêne, E.; Fresneau, C.; and Bazot, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Tree physiology, 34(7): 716-29. 7 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Seasonal$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Seasonal changes in carbon and nitrogen compound concentrations in a Quercus petraea chronosequence.},\n type = {article},\n year = {2014},\n keywords = {FR_FON},\n pages = {716-29},\n volume = {34},\n websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25122620},\n month = {7},\n id = {ade70d55-3d51-3b19-a120-caba596cf47f},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:34.000Z},\n accessed = {2014-11-01},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Gilson2014},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Forest productivity declines with tree age. This decline may be due to changes in metabolic functions, resource availability and/or changes in resource allocation (between growth, reproduction and storage) with tree age. Carbon and nitrogen remobilization/storage processes are key to tree growth and survival. However, studies of the effects of tree age on these processes are scarce and have not yet considered seasonal carbon and nitrogen variations in situ. This study was carried out in a chronosequence of sessile oak (Quercus petraea Liebl.) for 1 year to survey the effects of tree age on the seasonal changes of carbon and nitrogen compounds in several tree compartments, focusing on key phenological stages. Our results highlight a general pattern of carbon and nitrogen function at all tree ages, with carbon reserve remobilization at budburst for growth, followed by carbon reserve formation during the leafy season and carbon reserve use during winter for maintenance. The variation in concentrations of nitrogen compounds shows less amplitude than that of carbon compounds. Storage as proteins occurs later, and mainly depends on leaf nitrogen remobilization and root uptake in autumn. We highlight several differences between tree age groups, in particular the loss of carbon storage function of fine and medium-sized roots with tree ageing. Moreover, the pattern of carbon compound accumulation in branches supports the hypothesis of a preferential allocation of carbon towards growth until the end of wood formation in juvenile trees, at the expense of the replenishment of carbon stores, while mature trees start allocating carbon to storage right after budburst. Our results demonstrate that at key phenological stages, physiological and developmental functions differ with tree age, and together with environmental conditions, influence the carbon and nitrogen concentration variations in sessile oaks.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Gilson, Angélique and Barthes, Laure and Delpierre, Nicolas and Dufrêne, Éric and Fresneau, Chantal and Bazot, Stéphane and Dufrêne, Eric and Fresneau, Chantal and Bazot, Stéphane},\n doi = {10.1093/treephys/tpu060},\n journal = {Tree physiology},\n number = {7}\n}

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@article{\n title = {Land management and land-cover change have impacts of similar magnitude on surface temperature},\n type = {article},\n year = {2014},\n pages = {389-393},\n volume = {4},\n websites = {http://www.nature.com/doifinder/10.1038/nclimate2196},\n month = {4},\n day = {13},\n id = {56ebe24f-6f0c-386f-8826-b9d090588f4b},\n created = {2016-03-11T08:42:08.000Z},\n accessed = {2014-09-15},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Luyssaert2014b},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Luyssaert, Sebastiaan and Jammet, Mathilde and Stoy, Paul C. and Estel, Stephan and Pongratz, Julia and Ceschia, Eric and Churkina, Galina and Don, Axel and Erb, KarlHeinz and Ferlicoq, Morgan and Gielen, Bert and Grünwald, Thomas and Houghton, Richard a. and Klumpp, Katja and Knohl, Alexander and Kolb, Thomas and Kuemmerle, Tobias and Laurila, Tuomas and Lohila, Annalea and Loustau, Denis and McGrath, Matthew J. and Meyfroidt, Patrick and Moors, Eddy J. and Naudts, Kim and Novick, Kim and Otto, Juliane and Pilegaard, Kim and Pio, Casimiro a. and Rambal, Serge and Rebmann, Corinna and Ryder, James and Suyker, Andrew E. and Varlagin, Andrej and Wattenbach, Martin and Dolman, a. Johannes},\n doi = {10.1038/nclimate2196},\n journal = {Nature Climate Change},\n number = {5},\n keywords = {FR_AUR,FR_LAM,FR_LBR,FR_PUE}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Linking plant and ecosystem functional biogeography.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Reichstein, M.; Bahn, M.; Mahecha, M., D.; Kattge, J.; and Baldocchi, D., D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111(38): 201216065. 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Linking$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Linking plant and ecosystem functional biogeography},\n type = {article},\n year = {2014},\n pages = {201216065},\n volume = {111},\n websites = {http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2014/09/10/1216065111%5Cnhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25225392%5Cnhttp://www.pnas.org/content/early/2014/09/10/1216065111.abstract},\n id = {a8115b5a-9053-34f5-ba36-d71360c72056},\n created = {2018-03-20T13:52:36.205Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:47.565Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Reichstein2014},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Classical biogeographical observations suggest that ecosystems are strongly shaped by climatic constraints in terms of their structure and function. On the other hand, vegetation function feeds back on the climate system via biosphere–atmosphere exchange of matter and energy. Ecosystem-level observations of this exchange reveal very large functional biogeographical variation of climate-relevant ecosystem functional properties related to carbon and water cycles. This variation is explained insufficiently by climate control and a classical plant functional type classification approach. For example, correlations between seasonal carbon-use efficiency and climate or environmental variables remain below 0.6, leaving almost 70% of variance unexplained. We suggest that a substantial part of this unexplained variation of ecosystem functional properties is related to variations in plant and microbial traits. Therefore, to progress with global functional biogeography, we should seek to understand the link between organismic traits and flux-derived ecosystem properties at ecosystem observation sites and the spatial variation of vegetation traits given geoecological covariates. This understanding can be fostered by synergistic use of both data-driven and theory-driven ecological as well as biophysical approaches.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Reichstein, Markus and Bahn, Michael and Mahecha, Miguel D. and Kattge, Jens and Baldocchi, Dennis D.},\n doi = {10.1073/pnas.1216065111},\n journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},\n number = {38},\n keywords = {FR_HES,FR_PUE}\n}

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\n \n 2013\n \n \n (18)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Synthesis on the carbon budget and cycling in a Danish, temperate deciduous forest.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Wu, J.; Larsen, K.; van der Linden, L.; Beier, C.; Pilegaard, K.; and Ibrom, a.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 181: 94-107. 11 2013.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Synthesis$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Synthesis on the carbon budget and cycling in a Danish, temperate deciduous forest},\n type = {article},\n year = {2013},\n keywords = {ecosystem carbon budget,exchange,net ecosystem co 2,net primary productivity},\n pages = {94-107},\n volume = {181},\n websites = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0168192313001925},\n month = {11},\n id = {4d6e636d-5910-3c5a-ba41-e68cbe53fc51},\n created = {2014-10-13T08:44:08.000Z},\n accessed = {2014-02-27},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Wu2013},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Wu, J. and Larsen, K.S. and van der Linden, L. and Beier, C. and Pilegaard, K. and Ibrom, a.},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agrformet.2013.07.012},\n journal = {Agricultural and Forest Meteorology}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Evaluation of a simple approach for crop evapotranspiration partitioning and analysis of the water budget distribution for several crop species.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Béziat, P.; Rivalland, V.; Tallec, T.; Jarosz, N.; Boulet, G.; Gentine, P.; and Ceschia, E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 177: 46-56. 8 2013.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Evaluation$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Evaluation of a simple approach for crop evapotranspiration partitioning and analysis of the water budget distribution for several crop species},\n type = {article},\n year = {2013},\n pages = {46-56},\n volume = {177},\n websites = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0168192313000671},\n month = {8},\n publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},\n id = {2b7803fd-48c7-3e09-86f5-1f38e35138dc},\n created = {2014-11-19T10:14:01.000Z},\n accessed = {2014-02-24},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Beziat2013b},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Béziat, Pierre and Rivalland, Vincent and Tallec, Tiphaine and Jarosz, Nathalie and Boulet, Gilles and Gentine, Pierre and Ceschia, Eric},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agrformet.2013.03.013},\n journal = {Agricultural and Forest Meteorology}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Ecosystem model optimization using in-situ flux observations : benefit of monte-carlo vs . variational schemes and analyses of the year-to-year model performances.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Santaren, D.; P., P.; Bacour, C.; Ciais, P.; and Longdoz, B.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeosciences Discussions, 10: 18009-18064. 2013.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Ecosystem model optimization using in-situ flux observations : benefit of monte-carlo vs . variational schemes and analyses of the year-to-year model performances},\n type = {article},\n year = {2013},\n pages = {18009-18064},\n volume = {10},\n id = {dca04129-0788-399d-91e8-9436346f09fe},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:07.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2021-02-05T10:33:17.767Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Santaren2013},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Santaren, D and P., Peylin and Bacour, Cédric and Ciais, Philippe and Longdoz, Bernard},\n doi = {10.5194/bgd-10-18009-2013},\n journal = {Biogeosciences Discussions},\n keywords = {FR_HES}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n A canopy radiative transfer scheme with explicit FAPAR for the interactive vegetation model ISBA-A-gs: impact on carbon fluxes.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Carrer, D.; Roujean, J.; Lafont, S.; Calvet, J.; Boone, A., A.; Decharme, B.; Delire, C.; and Gastellu-Etchegorry, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 118: n/a-n/a. 1 2013.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"A$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {A canopy radiative transfer scheme with explicit FAPAR for the interactive vegetation model ISBA-A-gs: impact on carbon fluxes},\n type = {article},\n year = {2013},\n pages = {n/a-n/a},\n volume = {118},\n websites = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/jgrg.20070},\n month = {1},\n id = {5e8fb866-e8cf-3078-9827-5240b79bdf13},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:08.000Z},\n accessed = {2013-05-21},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Carrer2013},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Carrer, Dominique and Roujean, Jean-Louis and Lafont, Sebastien and Calvet, Jean-Christophe and Boone, Aaron A and Decharme, Bertrand and Delire, Christine and Gastellu-Etchegorry, Jean-Philippe},\n doi = {10.1002/jgrg.20070},\n journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences},\n keywords = {FR_HES}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Quantifying the model structural error in carbon cycle data assimilation systems.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Kuppel, S.; Chevallier, F.; and Peylin, P.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Geoscientific Model Development, 6(1): 45-55. 1 2013.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Quantifying$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Quantifying the model structural error in carbon cycle data assimilation systems},\n type = {article},\n year = {2013},\n pages = {45-55},\n volume = {6},\n websites = {http://www.geosci-model-dev.net/6/45/2013/},\n month = {1},\n day = {11},\n id = {b68f4551-b992-32a2-b911-5f4079ae9c4e},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:12.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Kuppel2013a},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Kuppel, S. and Chevallier, F. and Peylin, P.},\n doi = {10.5194/gmd-6-45-2013},\n journal = {Geoscientific Model Development},\n number = {1},\n keywords = {FR_FON,FR_HES}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Distribution of non-structural nitrogen and carbohydrate compounds in mature oak trees in a temperate forest at four key phenological stages.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Bazot, S.; Barthes, L.; Blanot, D.; and Fresneau, C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Trees - Structure and Function, 27(4): 1023-1034. 2013.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Distribution of non-structural nitrogen and carbohydrate compounds in mature oak trees in a temperate forest at four key phenological stages},\n type = {article},\n year = {2013},\n keywords = {FR_FON},\n pages = {1023-1034},\n volume = {27},\n id = {5a1c487c-7f53-307e-8e92-4f35e49713cc},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:28.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Bazot2013a},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Bazot, S. and Barthes, L. and Blanot, D. and Fresneau, C.},\n doi = {10.1007/s00468-013-0853-5},\n journal = {Trees - Structure and Function},\n number = {4}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The temporal response to drought in a Mediterranean evergreen tree: comparing a regional precipitation gradient and a throughfall exclusion experiment.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Martin-Stpaul, N., K.; Limousin, J.; Vogt-Schilb, H.; Rodríguez-Calcerrada, J.; Rambal, S.; Longepierre, D.; and Misson, L.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global change biology, 19(8): 2413-26. 8 2013.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {The temporal response to drought in a Mediterranean evergreen tree: comparing a regional precipitation gradient and a throughfall exclusion experiment.},\n type = {article},\n year = {2013},\n keywords = {FR-PUE},\n pages = {2413-26},\n volume = {19},\n websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23553916},\n month = {8},\n id = {fe4ea55a-5683-3456-9e0d-64871d9e69e4},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:29.000Z},\n accessed = {2014-12-08},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Martin-Stpaul2013},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Like many midlatitude ecosystems, Mediterranean forests will suffer longer and more intense droughts with the ongoing climate change. The responses to drought in long-lived trees differ depending on the time scale considered, and short-term responses are currently better understood than longer term acclimation. We assessed the temporal changes in trees facing a chronic reduction in water availability by comparing leaf-scale physiological traits, branch-scale hydraulic traits, and stand-scale biomass partitioning in the evergreen Quercus ilex across a regional precipitation gradient (long-term changes) and in a partial throughfall exclusion experiment (TEE, medium term changes). At the leaf scale, gas exchange, mass per unit area and nitrogen concentration showed homeostatic responses to drought as they did not change among the sites of the precipitation gradient or in the experimental treatments of the TEE. A similar homeostatic response was observed for the xylem vulnerability to cavitation at the branch scale. In contrast, the ratio of leaf area over sapwood area (LA/SA) in young branches exhibited a transient response to drought because it decreased in response to the TEE the first 4 years of treatment, but did not change among the sites of the gradient. At the stand scale, leaf area index (LAI) decreased, and the ratios of stem SA to LAI and of fine root area to LAI both increased in trees subjected to throughfall exclusion and from the wettest to the driest site of the gradient. Taken together, these results suggest that acclimation to chronic drought in long-lived Q. ilex is mediated by changes in hydraulic allometry that shift progressively from low (branch) to high (stand) organizational levels, and act to maintain the leaf water potential within the range of xylem hydraulic function and leaf photosynthetic assimilation.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Martin-Stpaul, Nicolas K and Limousin, Jean-Marc and Vogt-Schilb, Hélène and Rodríguez-Calcerrada, Jesus and Rambal, Serge and Longepierre, Damien and Misson, Laurent},\n doi = {10.1111/gcb.12215},\n journal = {Global change biology},\n number = {8}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Quantifying the constraint of biospheric process parameters by CO2 concentration and flux measurement networks through a carbon cycle data assimilation system.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Koffi, E., N.; Rayner, P., J.; Scholze, M.; Chevallier, F.; and Kaminski, T.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 13(21): 10555-10572. 2013.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Quantifying the constraint of biospheric process parameters by CO2 concentration and flux measurement networks through a carbon cycle data assimilation system},\n type = {article},\n year = {2013},\n pages = {10555-10572},\n volume = {13},\n id = {26b3a5af-88d5-3f70-b5da-fe2a7775a8ad},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:29.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Koffi2013a},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Koffi, E. N. and Rayner, P. J. and Scholze, M. and Chevallier, F. and Kaminski, T.},\n doi = {10.5194/acp-13-10555-2013},\n journal = {Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics},\n number = {21},\n keywords = {FR-PUE}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The contribution of nitrogen deposition to the photosynthetic capacity of forests.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Fleischer, K.; Rebel, K., T.; van der Molen, M., K.; Erisman, J., W.; Wassen, M., J.; van Loon, E., E.; Montagnani, L.; Gough, C., M.; Herbst, M.; Janssens, I., a.; Gianelle, D.; and Dolman, a., J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 27: 1-13. 2 2013.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {The contribution of nitrogen deposition to the photosynthetic capacity of forests},\n type = {article},\n year = {2013},\n pages = {1-13},\n volume = {27},\n websites = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/gbc.20026},\n month = {2},\n day = {28},\n id = {8be36de8-1167-39db-be4c-383bff4121c8},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:32.000Z},\n accessed = {2013-03-19},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2019-04-26T14:59:00.900Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Fleischer2013a},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Fleischer, K. and Rebel, K. T. and van der Molen, M. K. and Erisman, J. W. and Wassen, M. J. and van Loon, E. E. and Montagnani, Leonardo and Gough, C. M. and Herbst, M. and Janssens, I. a. and Gianelle, D. and Dolman, a. J.},\n doi = {10.1002/gbc.20026},\n journal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles},\n keywords = {FR_FON}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Quantifying the carbon uptake by vegetation for Europe on a 1 km2 resolution using a remote sensing driven vegetation model.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Wißkirchen, K.; Tum, M.; Günther, K., P.; Niklaus, M.; Eisfelder, C.; and Knorr, W.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Geoscientific Model Development, 6(5): 1623-1640. 10 2013.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Quantifying$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Quantifying the carbon uptake by vegetation for Europe on a 1 km2 resolution using a remote sensing driven vegetation model},\n type = {article},\n year = {2013},\n pages = {1623-1640},\n volume = {6},\n websites = {http://www.geosci-model-dev.net/6/1623/2013/},\n month = {10},\n day = {8},\n id = {1d8251c9-548a-3a3e-b7e7-c6821dab0e19},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:33.000Z},\n accessed = {2013-10-25},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Wißkirchen2013},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Wißkirchen, K. and Tum, M. and Günther, K. P. and Niklaus, M. and Eisfelder, C. and Knorr, W.},\n doi = {10.5194/gmd-6-1623-2013},\n journal = {Geoscientific Model Development},\n number = {5},\n keywords = {FR_AUR,FR_AVI,FR_FON,FR_HES,FR_LAM,FR_LBR,FR_LQ1,FR_LQ2,FR_MAU,FR_PUE}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Incorporating grassland management in a global vegetation model: model description and evaluation at 11 eddy-covariance sites in Europe.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Chang, J.; Viovy, N.; Vuichard, N.; Ciais, P.; Wang, T.; Cozic, A.; Lardy, R.; Graux, A.; Klumpp, K.; Martin, R.; and Soussana, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Geoscientific Model Development Discussions, 6(2): 2769-2812. 2013.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Incorporating$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Incorporating grassland management in a global vegetation model: model description and evaluation at 11 eddy-covariance sites in Europe},\n type = {article},\n year = {2013},\n pages = {2769-2812},\n volume = {6},\n websites = {http://www.geosci-model-dev-discuss.net/6/2769/2013/},\n id = {51e5922f-d91f-3b50-bba4-f65a47bd4d1a},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:33.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Chang2013b},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Chang, J. and Viovy, Nicolas and Vuichard, N. and Ciais, Philippe and Wang, T. and Cozic, A. and Lardy, R. and Graux, Anne-isabelle and Klumpp, Katja and Martin, R. and Soussana, J.-F.},\n doi = {10.5194/gmdd-6-2769-2013},\n journal = {Geoscientific Model Development Discussions},\n number = {2},\n keywords = {FR_LQ1,FR_LQ2}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Evaluation of the potential of MODIS satellite data to predict vegetation phenology in different biomes: An investigation using ground-based NDVI measurements.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Hmimina, G.; Dufrêne, E.; Pontailler, J.; Delpierre, N.; Aubinet, M.; Caquet, B.; de Grandcourt, A.; Burban, B.; Flechard, C., R.; Granier, A.; Gross, P.; Heinesch, B.; Longdoz, B.; Moureaux, C.; Ourcival, J.; Rambal, S.; Saint André, L.; and Soudani, K.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Remote Sensing of Environment, 132: 145-158. 5 2013.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Evaluation$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Evaluation of the potential of MODIS satellite data to predict vegetation phenology in different biomes: An investigation using ground-based NDVI measurements},\n type = {article},\n year = {2013},\n pages = {145-158},\n volume = {132},\n websites = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0034425713000229},\n month = {5},\n id = {3a095406-8391-35f5-8471-25642d981cdd},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:34.000Z},\n accessed = {2014-05-26},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2021-02-11T10:41:49.520Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Hmimina2013a},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Hmimina, Gabriel and Dufrêne, Eric and Pontailler, J.-Y. and Delpierre, Nicolas and Aubinet, Marc and Caquet, B and de Grandcourt, Agnes and Burban, B and Flechard, C. R. and Granier, André and Gross, Patrick and Heinesch, B and Longdoz, Bernard and Moureaux, Christine and Ourcival, J.-M. and Rambal, S and Saint André, L. and Soudani, K},\n doi = {10.1016/j.rse.2013.01.010},\n journal = {Remote Sensing of Environment},\n keywords = {FR_FON,FR_GUY,FR_HES,FR_PUE}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n A new method for continuously measuring the δ13C of soil CO2 concentrations at different depths by laser spectrometry.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Parent, F.; Plain, C.; Epron, D.; Maier, M.; and Longdoz, B.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n European Journal of Soil Science, 64(4): 516-525. 2013.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {A new method for continuously measuring the δ13C of soil CO2 concentrations at different depths by laser spectrometry},\n type = {article},\n year = {2013},\n pages = {516-525},\n volume = {64},\n id = {d7e4f34e-824e-3b55-bae8-66c68d7a4759},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:34.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2021-02-05T10:33:17.691Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Parent2013a},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Soil carbon dioxide (CO2) efflux is an important component of the carbon (C) cycle but the biological and physical processes involved in soil CO2 production and transport are not fully understood. To improve our knowledge, we present a new approach to measure simultaneously soil CO2 concentrations and efflux, and their respective isotopic signatures (δ13C-CO2). To quantify soil air 13CO2 and 12CO2 concentrations, we adapted a method based on CO2 diffusion from soil pores into tubes with a highly gas-permeable membrane wall. These tubes were placed horizontally at different depths in the soil. Air was sampled automatically from the tubes and injected through a diluting system into a tuneable diode laser absorption spectrometer. The CO2 and δ13C-CO2 vertical profiles were thus obtained at hourly intervals. Our tests demonstrated the absence of fractionation in the membrane tubes for δ13C-CO2. Subsequently, we set up field experiments for two forest soils, which showed that natural soil CO2 concentrations and δ13C-CO2 were not affected significantly by the measurement system. While δ13C-CO2 in air-filled pores below 5 cm was constant over 3 days, we observed large diurnal variations in δ13C-CO2 efflux. However, the average difference between the two measurements was close to −4.4‰, which supports steady-state diffusion over this 3-day period. This new method seems to be a very effective way to measure the δ13C-CO2 profile of the soil atmosphere, and demonstrates that the fractionation that occurs during diffusion is the main transport process that affects the δ13C-CO2 of the soil CO2 efflux on a daily timescale while advection may account for within-day variations.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Parent, F. and Plain, C. and Epron, Daniel and Maier, M. and Longdoz, Bernard},\n doi = {10.1111/ejss.12047},\n journal = {European Journal of Soil Science},\n number = {4},\n keywords = {FR_HES}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Carbon isotopic signature of CO2 emitted by plant compartments and soil in two temperate deciduous forests.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Maunoury-Danger, F.; Chemidlin Prevost Boure, N.; Ngao, J.; Berveiller, D.; Brechet, C.; Dufrêne, E.; Epron, D.; Lata, J., C.; Longdoz, B.; Lelarge-Trouverie, C.; Pontailler, J., Y.; Soudani, K.; Damesin, C.; Dufrene, E.; Epron, D.; Lata, J., C.; Longdoz, B.; Lelarge-Trouverie, C.; Pontailler, J., Y.; Soudani, K.; and Damesin, C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Annals of Forest Science, 70(2): 173-183. 2013.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Carbon isotopic signature of CO2 emitted by plant compartments and soil in two temperate deciduous forests},\n type = {article},\n year = {2013},\n keywords = {FR_FON,FR_HES},\n pages = {173-183},\n volume = {70},\n id = {d358b209-4471-30c7-8746-890d49741707},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:34.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Maunoury-Danger2013a},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Maunoury-Danger, Florence and Chemidlin Prevost Boure, Nicolas and Ngao, Jérôme and Berveiller, Daniel and Brechet, Claude and Dufrêne, Eric and Epron, Daniel and Lata, Jean-Christophe Christophe and Longdoz, Bernard and Lelarge-Trouverie, Caroline and Pontailler, Jean Yves and Soudani, Kamel and Damesin, Claire and Dufrene, Eric and Epron, Daniel and Lata, Jean-Christophe Christophe and Longdoz, Bernard and Lelarge-Trouverie, Caroline and Pontailler, Jean Yves and Soudani, Kamel and Damesin, Claire},\n doi = {10.1007/s13595-012-0249-5},\n journal = {Annals of Forest Science},\n number = {2}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Screening parameters in the Pasture Simulation model using the Morris method.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Touhami, H., B.; Lardy, R.; Barra, V.; Bellocchi, G.; Ben Touhami, H.; Lardy, R.; Barra, V.; Bellocchi, G.; Touhami, H., B.; Lardy, R.; Barra, V.; and Bellocchi, G.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Ecological Modelling, 266(1): 42-57. 9 2013.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Screening$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Screening parameters in the Pasture Simulation model using the Morris method},\n type = {article},\n year = {2013},\n keywords = {FR_LQ1},\n pages = {42-57},\n volume = {266},\n websites = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2013.07.005,http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0304380013003372},\n month = {9},\n publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},\n id = {27ac4068-9130-3b44-acf3-eaea624cc1dc},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:35.000Z},\n accessed = {2014-12-08},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Touhami2013b},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Mechanistic vegetation models with large parameter sets and high temporal resolution are currently used in grassland studies. They need a parsimonious screening method to identify the most influential parameters for the grassland system in specific contexts (weather, soil, management). This is basic to better understand and make use of the outputs from these models. In this study, Morris' method was applied to test the sensitivity of a variety of outputs of the Pasture Simulation model (PaSim) to its parameters in six European multi-year grassland sites (one of them run under both extensive and intensive management regimes). Twenty-eight parameters related to plant physiology and animal digestion were screened and ranked for their sensitivity (under two distributional assumptions of parameter values), with the objective of determining their stability across sites and the minimum requirements for parameter calibration. The sensitivity analysis results proved that PaSim response is fairly stable across European sites, with only a few differences. Key results are that (1) seven influential parameters of vegetation development, aboveground growth and carbon/nitrogen partitioning were globally identified with both uniform and Gaussian distributions of parameter values, (2) two additional parameters (associated with leaf and stem fibre content) were also recognized as relevant for animal CH4 emissions target output, (3) listing of key parameters differed, but not widely, across sites and targeted outputs, and between distributions (ranking was more plastic), (4) first-order sensitivity rank (strength, ??) was generally similar to (or higher than) higher-order sensitivity (spread, ??), indicating that parameters showing high interaction with other parameters or non-linearities are those with also a high direct effect on output. Overall, Morris' method proved to be an effective and reliable tool to identify key vegetation parameters for the use of PaSim in the European conditions. ?? 2013 Elsevier B.V.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Touhami, Haythem Ben and Lardy, Romain and Barra, Vincent and Bellocchi, Gianni and Ben Touhami, Haythem and Lardy, Romain and Barra, Vincent and Bellocchi, Gianni and Touhami, Haythem Ben and Lardy, Romain and Barra, Vincent and Bellocchi, Gianni},\n doi = {10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2013.07.005},\n journal = {Ecological Modelling},\n number = {1}\n}

\n\n\n

\n Mechanistic vegetation models with large parameter sets and high temporal resolution are currently used in grassland studies. They need a parsimonious screening method to identify the most influential parameters for the grassland system in specific contexts (weather, soil, management). This is basic to better understand and make use of the outputs from these models. In this study, Morris' method was applied to test the sensitivity of a variety of outputs of the Pasture Simulation model (PaSim) to its parameters in six European multi-year grassland sites (one of them run under both extensive and intensive management regimes). Twenty-eight parameters related to plant physiology and animal digestion were screened and ranked for their sensitivity (under two distributional assumptions of parameter values), with the objective of determining their stability across sites and the minimum requirements for parameter calibration. The sensitivity analysis results proved that PaSim response is fairly stable across European sites, with only a few differences. Key results are that (1) seven influential parameters of vegetation development, aboveground growth and carbon/nitrogen partitioning were globally identified with both uniform and Gaussian distributions of parameter values, (2) two additional parameters (associated with leaf and stem fibre content) were also recognized as relevant for animal CH4 emissions target output, (3) listing of key parameters differed, but not widely, across sites and targeted outputs, and between distributions (ranking was more plastic), (4) first-order sensitivity rank (strength, ??) was generally similar to (or higher than) higher-order sensitivity (spread, ??), indicating that parameters showing high interaction with other parameters or non-linearities are those with also a high direct effect on output. Overall, Morris' method proved to be an effective and reliable tool to identify key vegetation parameters for the use of PaSim in the European conditions. ?? 2013 Elsevier B.V.\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Investigating discrepancies in heat, CO2 fluxes and O3 deposition velocity over maize as measured by the eddy-covariance and the aerodynamic gradient methods.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Loubet, B.; Cellier, P.; Fléchard, C.; Zurfluh, O.; Irvine, M.; Lamaud, E.; Stella, P.; Roche, R.; Durand, B.; Flura, D.; Masson, S.; Laville, P.; Garrigou, D.; Personne, E.; Chelle, M.; and Castell, J., F.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 169: 35-50. 2013.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Investigating discrepancies in heat, CO2 fluxes and O3 deposition velocity over maize as measured by the eddy-covariance and the aerodynamic gradient methods},\n type = {article},\n year = {2013},\n keywords = {FR-GRI},\n pages = {35-50},\n volume = {169},\n id = {5335b457-6daa-3f8c-83ee-0f3971c06e5c},\n created = {2016-03-16T13:17:39.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Loubet2013a},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The eddy covariance (EC) method is widely considered as the reference method for heat and trace gas exchange flux measurements. However, for some species of interest, the aerodynamic gradient method (AG) is still a valuable method. Furthermore, some useful datasets are based on the AG method. In this study we compare the EC and the AG methods for latent (LE) and sensible (H) heat, carbon dioxide (Fc) fluxes and ozone deposition velocity (Vd O3) over a maize field near Paris. The AG method gave roughly 15% smaller Fc and LE, similar H, and 40% larger Vd O3 than the EC method. The differences between the two methods are discussed. In particular, the effects of the displacement height and heights of measurements on the AG fluxes are explored and the similarity among heat, CO2, H2O and O3 is tested. Furthermore, the vertical divergence of the flux above the canopy is estimated with the AG method. © 2012 Elsevier B.V..},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Loubet, Benjamin and Cellier, Pierre and Fléchard, Christophe and Zurfluh, Olivier and Irvine, Mark and Lamaud, Eric and Stella, Patrick and Roche, Romain and Durand, Brigitte and Flura, Dominique and Masson, Sylvie and Laville, Patricia and Garrigou, Didier and Personne, Erwan and Chelle, Michael and Castell, Jean François},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agrformet.2012.09.010},\n journal = {Agricultural and Forest Meteorology}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Climate extremes and the carbon cycle.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Reichstein, M.; Bahn, M.; Ciais, P.; Frank, D.; Mahecha, M., D.; Seneviratne, S., I.; Zscheischler, J.; Beer, C.; Buchmann, N.; Papale, D.; Rammig, A.; Smith, P.; Thonicke, K.; van der Velde, M.; Vicca, S.; Walz, A.; and Wattenbach, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Nature, 500(7462): 287-295. 8 2013.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Climate$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Climate extremes and the carbon cycle.},\n type = {article},\n year = {2013},\n keywords = {Carbon Cycle,Climate Change,Ecosystem,Plants,Plants: metabolism,Temperature},\n pages = {287-295},\n volume = {500},\n websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23955228,http://www.nature.com/doifinder/10.1038/nature12350},\n month = {8},\n publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},\n day = {14},\n id = {1188a5cd-824e-3063-8015-327d689e9ca7},\n created = {2018-01-18T16:41:05.593Z},\n accessed = {2013-08-14},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2018-01-18T16:41:05.593Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Reichstein2013a},\n source_type = {article},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The terrestrial biosphere is a key component of the global carbon cycle and its carbon balance is strongly influenced by climate. Continuing environmental changes are thought to increase global terrestrial carbon uptake. But evidence is mounting that climate extremes such as droughts or storms can lead to a decrease in regional ecosystem carbon stocks and therefore have the potential to negate an expected increase in terrestrial carbon uptake. Here we explore the mechanisms and impacts of climate extremes on the terrestrial carbon cycle, and propose a pathway to improve our understanding of present and future impacts of climate extremes on the terrestrial carbon budget.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Reichstein, Markus and Bahn, Michael and Ciais, Philippe and Frank, Dorothea and Mahecha, Miguel D. and Seneviratne, Sonia I. and Zscheischler, Jakob and Beer, Christian and Buchmann, Nina and Papale, Dario and Rammig, Anja and Smith, Pete and Thonicke, Kirsten and van der Velde, Marijn and Vicca, Sara and Walz, Ariane and Wattenbach, Martin},\n doi = {10.1038/nature12350},\n journal = {Nature},\n number = {7462}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Increase in forest water-use efficiency as atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations rise.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Keenan, T., F.; Hollinger, D., Y.; Bohrer, G.; Dragoni, D.; Munger, J., W.; Schmid, H., P.; and Richardson, A., D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Nature, 499(7458): 324-327. 7 2013.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Increase$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Increase in forest water-use efficiency as atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations rise.},\n type = {article},\n year = {2013},\n keywords = {FR_HES,FR_LBR},\n pages = {324-327},\n volume = {499},\n websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23842499,http://www.nature.com/doifinder/10.1038/nature12291},\n month = {7},\n publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},\n day = {10},\n id = {35f6abf5-b688-3aea-8a53-6347ef1f5a9f},\n created = {2020-08-28T15:56:01.862Z},\n accessed = {2013-07-10},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-08-28T15:56:01.862Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {true},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Keenan2013},\n source_type = {article},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Terrestrial plants remove CO2 from the atmosphere through photosynthesis, a process that is accompanied by the loss of water vapour from leaves. The ratio of water loss to carbon gain, or water-use efficiency, is a key characteristic of ecosystem function that is central to the global cycles of water, energy and carbon. Here we analyse direct, long-term measurements of whole-ecosystem carbon and water exchange. We find a substantial increase in water-use efficiency in temperate and boreal forests of the Northern Hemisphere over the past two decades. We systematically assess various competing hypotheses to explain this trend, and find that the observed increase is most consistent with a strong CO2 fertilization effect. The results suggest a partial closure of stomata-small pores on the leaf surface that regulate gas exchange-to maintain a near-constant concentration of CO2 inside the leaf even under continually increasing atmospheric CO2 levels. The observed increase in forest water-use efficiency is larger than that predicted by existing theory and 13 terrestrial biosphere models. The increase is associated with trends of increasing ecosystem-level photosynthesis and net carbon uptake, and decreasing evapotranspiration. Our findings suggest a shift in the carbon- and water-based economics of terrestrial vegetation, which may require a reassessment of the role of stomatal control in regulating interactions between forests and climate change, and a re-evaluation of coupled vegetation-climate models.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Keenan, Trevor F. and Hollinger, David Y. and Bohrer, Gil and Dragoni, Danilo and Munger, J. William and Schmid, Hans Peter and Richardson, Andrew D.},\n doi = {10.1038/nature12291},\n journal = {Nature},\n number = {7458}\n}

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\n \n 2012\n \n \n (18)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n What eddy-covariance measurements tell us about prior land flux errors in CO2-flux inversion schemes.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Chevallier, F.; Wang, T.; Ciais, P.; Maignan, F.; Bocquet, M.; Altaf Arain, M.; Cescatti, A.; Chen, J.; Dolman, a., J.; Law, B., E.; Margolis, H., a.; Montagnani, L.; and Moors, E., J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 26(1): 1-9. 2012.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {What eddy-covariance measurements tell us about prior land flux errors in CO2-flux inversion schemes},\n type = {article},\n year = {2012},\n keywords = {biosphere models,eddy-covariance,flux inversion,prior errors},\n pages = {1-9},\n volume = {26},\n id = {742e8af9-aba6-3631-a104-02ed82b856e3},\n created = {2015-05-29T08:36:02.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Chevallier2012},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {To guide the future development of CO2-atmospheric inversion modeling systems, we analyzed the errors arising from prior information about terrestrial ecosystem fluxes. We compared the surface fluxes calculated by a process-based terrestrial ecosystem model with daily averages of CO2 flux measurements at 156 sites across the world in the FLUXNET network. At the daily scale, the standard deviation of the model-data fit was 2.5 gC·m&#8722;2·d&#8722;1; temporal autocorrelations were significant at the weekly scale (&gt;0.3 for lags less than four weeks), while spatial correlations were confined to within the first few hundred kilometers (&lt;0.2 after 200 km). Separating out the plant functional types did not increase the spatial correlations, except for the deciduous broad-leaved forests. Using the statistics of the flux measurements as a proxy for the statistics of the prior flux errors was shown not to be a viable approach. A statistical model allowed us to upscale the site-level flux error statistics to the coarser spatial and temporal resolutions used in regional or global models. This approach allowed us to quantify how aggregation reduces error variances, while increasing correlations. As an example, for a typical inversion of grid point (300 km × 300 km) monthly fluxes, we found that the prior flux error follows an approximate e-folding correlation length of 500 km only, with correlations from one month to the next as large as 0.6.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Chevallier, Frédéric and Wang, Tao and Ciais, Philippe and Maignan, Fabienne and Bocquet, Marc and Altaf Arain, M. and Cescatti, Alessandro and Chen, Jiquan and Dolman, a. Johannes and Law, Beverly E. and Margolis, Hank a. and Montagnani, Leonardo and Moors, Eddy J.},\n doi = {10.1029/2010GB003974},\n journal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles},\n number = {1}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The coordination of leaf photosynthesis links C and N fluxes in C3 plant species.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Maire, V.; Martre, P.; Kattge, J.; Gastal, F.; Esser, G.; Fontaine, S.; and Soussana, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n PloS one, 7(6): e38345. 1 2012.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {The coordination of leaf photosynthesis links C and N fluxes in C3 plant species.},\n type = {article},\n year = {2012},\n keywords = {FR_LUS},\n pages = {e38345},\n volume = {7},\n websites = {http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=3369925&tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstract},\n month = {1},\n id = {c71a268c-f0a9-32e1-b356-7ab59a830901},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:08.000Z},\n accessed = {2013-04-12},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Maire2012},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Photosynthetic capacity is one of the most sensitive parameters in vegetation models and its relationship to leaf nitrogen content links the carbon and nitrogen cycles. Process understanding for reliably predicting photosynthetic capacity is still missing. To advance this understanding we have tested across C(3) plant species the coordination hypothesis, which assumes nitrogen allocation to photosynthetic processes such that photosynthesis tends to be co-limited by ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) carboxylation and regeneration. The coordination hypothesis yields an analytical solution to predict photosynthetic capacity and calculate area-based leaf nitrogen content (N(a)). The resulting model linking leaf photosynthesis, stomata conductance and nitrogen investment provides testable hypotheses about the physiological regulation of these processes. Based on a dataset of 293 observations for 31 species grown under a range of environmental conditions, we confirm the coordination hypothesis: under mean environmental conditions experienced by leaves during the preceding month, RuBP carboxylation equals RuBP regeneration. We identify three key parameters for photosynthetic coordination: specific leaf area and two photosynthetic traits (k(3), which modulates N investment and is the ratio of RuBP carboxylation/oxygenation capacity (V(Cmax)) to leaf photosynthetic N content (N(pa)); and J(fac), which modulates photosynthesis for a given k(3) and is the ratio of RuBP regeneration capacity (J(max)) to V(Cmax)). With species-specific parameter values of SLA, k(3) and J(fac), our leaf photosynthesis coordination model accounts for 93% of the total variance in N(a) across species and environmental conditions. A calibration by plant functional type of k(3) and J(fac) still leads to accurate model prediction of N(a), while SLA calibration is essentially required at species level. Observed variations in k(3) and J(fac) are partly explained by environmental and phylogenetic constraints, while SLA variation is partly explained by phylogeny. These results open a new avenue for predicting photosynthetic capacity and leaf nitrogen content in vegetation models.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Maire, Vincent and Martre, Pierre and Kattge, Jens and Gastal, François and Esser, Gerd and Fontaine, Sébastien and Soussana, Jean-François},\n doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0038345},\n journal = {PloS one},\n number = {6}\n}

\n\n\n

\n Photosynthetic capacity is one of the most sensitive parameters in vegetation models and its relationship to leaf nitrogen content links the carbon and nitrogen cycles. Process understanding for reliably predicting photosynthetic capacity is still missing. To advance this understanding we have tested across C(3) plant species the coordination hypothesis, which assumes nitrogen allocation to photosynthetic processes such that photosynthesis tends to be co-limited by ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) carboxylation and regeneration. The coordination hypothesis yields an analytical solution to predict photosynthetic capacity and calculate area-based leaf nitrogen content (N(a)). The resulting model linking leaf photosynthesis, stomata conductance and nitrogen investment provides testable hypotheses about the physiological regulation of these processes. Based on a dataset of 293 observations for 31 species grown under a range of environmental conditions, we confirm the coordination hypothesis: under mean environmental conditions experienced by leaves during the preceding month, RuBP carboxylation equals RuBP regeneration. We identify three key parameters for photosynthetic coordination: specific leaf area and two photosynthetic traits (k(3), which modulates N investment and is the ratio of RuBP carboxylation/oxygenation capacity (V(Cmax)) to leaf photosynthetic N content (N(pa)); and J(fac), which modulates photosynthesis for a given k(3) and is the ratio of RuBP regeneration capacity (J(max)) to V(Cmax)). With species-specific parameter values of SLA, k(3) and J(fac), our leaf photosynthesis coordination model accounts for 93% of the total variance in N(a) across species and environmental conditions. A calibration by plant functional type of k(3) and J(fac) still leads to accurate model prediction of N(a), while SLA calibration is essentially required at species level. Observed variations in k(3) and J(fac) are partly explained by environmental and phylogenetic constraints, while SLA variation is partly explained by phylogeny. These results open a new avenue for predicting photosynthetic capacity and leaf nitrogen content in vegetation models.\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n How do variations in the temporal distribution of rainfall events affect ecosystem fluxes in seasonally water-limited Northern Hemisphere shrublands and forests?.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Ross, I.; Misson, L.; Rambal, S.; Arneth, A.; Scott, R., L.; Carrara, A.; Cescatti, A.; and Genesio, L.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeosciences, 9(3): 1007-1024. 3 2012.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"How$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {How do variations in the temporal distribution of rainfall events affect ecosystem fluxes in seasonally water-limited Northern Hemisphere shrublands and forests?},\n type = {article},\n year = {2012},\n pages = {1007-1024},\n volume = {9},\n websites = {http://www.biogeosciences.net/9/1007/2012/},\n month = {3},\n day = {13},\n id = {7e32ae9a-0687-3715-bbb9-d81bfef1eeb9},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:19.000Z},\n accessed = {2012-08-03},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2019-04-26T14:59:00.318Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Ross2012c},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Ross, I. and Misson, Laurent and Rambal, S. and Arneth, Almut and Scott, R. L. and Carrara, Arnaud and Cescatti, Alessandro and Genesio, L.},\n doi = {10.5194/bg-9-1007-2012},\n journal = {Biogeosciences},\n number = {3},\n keywords = {FR_PUE}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Natural land carbon dioxide exchanges in the ECMWF Integrated Forecasting System: Implementation and Offline validation.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Boussetta, S.; Balsamo, G.; Beljaars, A.; Agusti-panareda, A.; Calvet, J.; Jacobs, C.; Viterbo, P.; Lafont, S.; Dutra, E.; Jarlan, L.; Balzarolo, M.; Papale, D.; and Werf, G., V., D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Technical Report ECMWF, 2012.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@techreport{\n title = {Natural land carbon dioxide exchanges in the ECMWF Integrated Forecasting System: Implementation and Offline validation},\n type = {techreport},\n year = {2012},\n keywords = {FR_HES,FR_LBR},\n issue = {May},\n institution = {ECMWF},\n id = {44633a88-6cbb-3c6f-9ae7-a14c1844465f},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:20.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {false},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Boussetta2012},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {techreport},\n author = {Boussetta, Souhail and Balsamo, Gianpaolo and Beljaars, Anton and Agusti-panareda, Anna and Calvet, Jean-christophe and Jacobs, Cor and Viterbo, Pedro and Lafont, Sebastien and Dutra, Emanuel and Jarlan, Lionel and Balzarolo, Manuela and Papale, Dario and Werf, Guido Van Der}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Incoming Solar and Infrared Radiation Derived from METEOSAT: Impact on the Modeled Land Water and Energy Budget over France.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Carrer, D.; Lafont, S.; Roujean, J.; Calvet, J.; Meurey, C.; Le Moigne, P.; and Trigo, I., F.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Hydrometeorology, 13(2): 504-520. 4 2012.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Incoming$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Incoming Solar and Infrared Radiation Derived from METEOSAT: Impact on the Modeled Land Water and Energy Budget over France},\n type = {article},\n year = {2012},\n pages = {504-520},\n volume = {13},\n websites = {http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/abs/10.1175/JHM-D-11-059.1},\n month = {4},\n id = {bc714e38-2b44-3de4-bfc3-3b810f96bbf8},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:29.000Z},\n accessed = {2012-04-12},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2019-03-14T09:21:37.640Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {true},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Carrer2012},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Carrer, Dominique and Lafont, Sebastien and Roujean, J.-L. and Calvet, J.-C. and Meurey, C. and Le Moigne, P. and Trigo, I. F.},\n doi = {10.1175/JHM-D-11-059.1},\n journal = {Journal of Hydrometeorology},\n number = {2},\n keywords = {FR_AUR,FR_FON,FR_HES,FR_LAM,FR_LUS,FR_PUE}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Intercomparison of MODIS albedo retrievals and in situ measurements across the global FLUXNET network.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Cescatti, A.; Marcolla, B.; Santhana Vannan, S., K.; Pan, J., Y.; Román, M., O.; Yang, X.; Ciais, P.; Cook, R., B.; Law, B., E.; Matteucci, G.; Migliavacca, M.; Moors, E., J.; Richardson, A., D.; Seufert, G.; and Schaaf, C., B.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Remote Sensing of Environment, 121: 323-334. 6 2012.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Intercomparison$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Intercomparison of MODIS albedo retrievals and in situ measurements across the global FLUXNET network},\n type = {article},\n year = {2012},\n keywords = {FR_FON,FR_HES,FR_PUE,GF_GUY},\n pages = {323-334},\n volume = {121},\n websites = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0034425712001125},\n month = {6},\n publisher = {Elsevier Inc.},\n id = {0221f13e-9459-31cb-a7c2-bbfc8aefae39},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:29.000Z},\n accessed = {2012-07-16},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Cescatti2012b},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Cescatti, Alessandro and Marcolla, Barbara and Santhana Vannan, Suresh K. and Pan, Jerry Yun and Román, Miguel O. and Yang, Xiaoyuan and Ciais, Philippe and Cook, Robert B. and Law, Beverly Elizabeth and Matteucci, Giorgio and Migliavacca, Mirco and Moors, Eddy J. and Richardson, Andrew D. and Seufert, Günther and Schaaf, Crystal B.},\n doi = {10.1016/j.rse.2012.02.019},\n journal = {Remote Sensing of Environment}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Water availability is the main climate driver of neotropical tree growth.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Wagner, F.; Rossi, V.; Stahl, C.; Bonal, D.; and Hérault, B.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n PLoS ONE, 7(4): 1-11. 2012.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Water availability is the main climate driver of neotropical tree growth},\n type = {article},\n year = {2012},\n pages = {1-11},\n volume = {7},\n id = {4dddf09e-2c1f-3a7a-9f1c-8c2f2b3d3929},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:30.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Wagner2012},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {• Climate models for the coming century predict rainfall reduction in the Amazonian region, including change in water availability for tropical rainforests. Here, we test the extent to which climate variables related to water regime, temperature and irradiance shape the growth trajectories of neotropical trees. • We developed a diameter growth model explicitly designed to work with asynchronous climate and growth data. Growth trajectories of 205 individual trees from 54 neotropical species censused every 2 months over a 4-year period were used to rank 9 climate variables and find the best predictive model. • About 9% of the individual variation in tree growth was imputable to the seasonal variation of climate. Relative extractable water was the main predictor and alone explained more than 60% of the climate effect on tree growth, i.e. 5.4% of the individual variation in tree growth. Furthermore, the global annual tree growth was more dependent on the diameter increment at the onset of the rain season than on the duration of dry season. • The best predictive model included 3 climate variables: relative extractable water, minimum temperature and irradiance. The root mean squared error of prediction (0.035 mm x d(-1)) was slightly above the mean value of the growth (0.026 mm x d(-1)). • Amongst climate variables, we highlight the predominant role of water availability in determining seasonal variation in tree growth of neotropical forest trees and the need to include these relationships in forest simulators to test, in silico, the impact of different climate scenarios on the future dynamics of the rainforest.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Wagner, Fabien and Rossi, Vivien and Stahl, Clément and Bonal, Damien and Hérault, Bruno},\n doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0034074},\n journal = {PLoS ONE},\n number = {4},\n keywords = {GF_GUY}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Spatial variability of soil CO 2 efflux linked to soil parameters and ecosystem characteristics in a temperate beech forest.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Ngao, J.; Epron, D.; Delpierre, N.; Bréda, N.; Granier, A.; and Longdoz, B.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 154-155: 136-146. 2012.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Spatial$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Spatial variability of soil CO 2 efflux linked to soil parameters and ecosystem characteristics in a temperate beech forest},\n type = {article},\n year = {2012},\n keywords = {FR_HES},\n pages = {136-146},\n volume = {154-155},\n websites = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.11.003},\n publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},\n id = {42a7dce3-9992-319d-9fe3-a91849280ca2},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:30.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Ngao2012},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The aim of this study was to determine the amplitude and the driving factors of the spatial variability in soil CO 2 efflux in a young European beech forest. Soil CO 2 efflux was measured in 2003 and 2004 in seven beech plots differing in terms of soil type and leaf area index. After eliminating temporal fluctuations due to soil temperature and soil water content, standardized soil CO 2 efflux varied significantly among plots over a large range given the homogeneity of the land cover type. Correlation analyses revealed that this spatial variability could not be explained by root biomass, litter C content, soil C contents, stand basal area or stem density. Conversely, very significant correlations were found with topsoil bulk density, superficial soil C/N ratio, and leaf area index. Multiple regression analysis led to a model relating standardized soil CO 2 efflux to C/N ratio and topsoil bulk density, thus explaining 87% of observed inter-plot spatial variability. This study highlighted the need to consider spatially varying soil factors such as C/N ratio and bulk density when experimental schemes are elaborated to estimate mean soil CO 2 efflux at forest scale. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Ngao, Jérôme and Epron, Daniel and Delpierre, Nicolas and Bréda, Nathalie and Granier, André and Longdoz, Bernard},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.11.003},\n journal = {Agricultural and Forest Meteorology}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n OBSERVATION ET MODÉLISATION DES ÉCHANGES D’ÉNERGIE ET DE MASSE DE JEUNES PEUPLEMENTS FORESTIERS DU SUD-OUEST DE LA FRANCE.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Moreaux, V.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Ph.D. Thesis, 2012.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@phdthesis{\n title = {OBSERVATION ET MODÉLISATION DES ÉCHANGES D’ÉNERGIE ET DE MASSE DE JEUNES PEUPLEMENTS FORESTIERS DU SUD-OUEST DE LA FRANCE},\n type = {phdthesis},\n year = {2012},\n institution = {bordeaux},\n id = {e99f1852-215c-3eb1-ac19-0ee9846fa0cd},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:30.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Moreaux2012},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {phdthesis},\n author = {Moreaux, Virginie},\n keywords = {FR_BIL,bilos}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Climate and vegetation controls on the surface water balance: Synthesis of evapotranspiration measured across a global network of flux towers.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Williams, C., a.; Reichstein, M.; Buchmann, N.; Baldocchi, D., D.; Beer, C.; Schwalm, C., R.; Wohlfahrt, G.; Hasler, N.; Bernhofer, C.; Foken, T.; Papale, D.; Schymanski, S.; and Schaefer, K.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Water Resources Research, 48(6): 1-13. 6 2012.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Climate$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Climate and vegetation controls on the surface water balance: Synthesis of evapotranspiration measured across a global network of flux towers},\n type = {article},\n year = {2012},\n keywords = {FR_FON},\n pages = {1-13},\n volume = {48},\n websites = {http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2012/2011WR011586.shtml},\n month = {6},\n day = {19},\n id = {685ac6a3-dc0e-3ea2-b750-2cf4883d11be},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:30.000Z},\n accessed = {2012-10-11},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Williams2012a},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Williams, Christopher a. and Reichstein, Markus and Buchmann, Nina and Baldocchi, Dennis D. and Beer, Christian and Schwalm, Christopher R. and Wohlfahrt, Georg and Hasler, Natalia and Bernhofer, Christian and Foken, Thomas and Papale, Dario and Schymanski, Stan and Schaefer, Kevin},\n doi = {10.1029/2011WR011586},\n journal = {Water Resources Research},\n number = {6}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n State-dependent errors in a land surface model across biomes inferred from eddy covariance observations on multiple timescales.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Wang, T.; Brender, P.; Ciais, P.; Piao, S.; Mahecha, M., D.; Chevallier, F.; Reichstein, M.; Ottlé, C.; Maignan, F.; Arain, A.; Bohrer, G.; Cescatti, A.; Kiely, G.; Law, B., E.; Lutz, M.; Montagnani, L.; Moors, E., J.; Osborne, B.; Panferov, O.; Papale, D.; and Vaccari, F., P.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Ecological Modelling, 246: 11-25. 11 2012.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"State-dependent$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {State-dependent errors in a land surface model across biomes inferred from eddy covariance observations on multiple timescales},\n type = {article},\n year = {2012},\n pages = {11-25},\n volume = {246},\n websites = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2012.07.017,http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0304380012003456},\n month = {11},\n publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},\n id = {9abfc0d4-c942-33c2-98d9-482276b9c339},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:32.000Z},\n accessed = {2014-01-23},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Wang2012g},\n notes = {<b>From Duplicate 1 ( </b><br/><b><br/><i>State-dependent errors in a land surface model across biomes inferred from eddy covariance observations on multiple timescales</i><br/></b><br/><b>- Wang, Tao; Brender, Pierre; Ciais, Philippe; Piao, Shilong; Mahecha, Miguel D.; Chevallier, Frédéric; Reichstein, Markus; Ottlé, Catherine; Maignan, Fabienne; Arain, Altaf; Bohrer, Gil; Cescatti, Alessandro; Kiely, Gerard; Law, Beverly Elizabeth; Lutz, Merbold; Montagnani, Leonardo; Moors, Eddy J.; Osborne, Bruce; Panferov, Oleg; Papale, Dario; Vaccari, Francesco Primo )<br/><br/></b>},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Wang, Tao and Brender, Pierre and Ciais, Philippe and Piao, Shilong and Mahecha, Miguel D. and Chevallier, Frédéric and Reichstein, Markus and Ottlé, Catherine and Maignan, Fabienne and Arain, Altaf and Bohrer, Gil and Cescatti, Alessandro and Kiely, Gerard and Law, Beverly Elizabeth and Lutz, Merbold and Montagnani, Leonardo and Moors, Eddy J. and Osborne, Bruce and Panferov, Oleg and Papale, Dario and Vaccari, Francesco Primo},\n doi = {10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2012.07.017},\n journal = {Ecological Modelling},\n keywords = {FR_HES,FR_LBR,FR_LQ1,FR_LQ2,FR_PUE,GF_GUY}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Does canopy mean nitrogen concentration explain variation in canopy light use efficiency across 14 contrasting forest sites?.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Peltoniemi, M.; Pulkkinen, M.; Kolari, P.; Duursma, R., a.; Montagnani, L.; Wharton, S.; Lagergren, F.; Takagi, K.; Verbeeck, H.; Christensen, T.; Vesala, T.; Falk, M.; Loustau, D.; and Mäkelä, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Tree physiology, 32(2): 200-18. 2 2012.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Does$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Does canopy mean nitrogen concentration explain variation in canopy light use efficiency across 14 contrasting forest sites?},\n type = {article},\n year = {2012},\n keywords = {FR_LBR},\n pages = {200-18},\n volume = {32},\n websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22323526},\n month = {2},\n id = {1c48d9e8-531e-3cc1-b4a1-1c35ddbbdf3d},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:33.000Z},\n accessed = {2012-07-23},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Peltoniemi2012},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The maximum light use efficiency (LUE = gross primary production (GPP)/absorbed photosynthetic photon flux density (aPPFD)) of plant canopies has been reported to vary spatially and some of this variation has previously been attributed to plant species differences. The canopy nitrogen concentration [N] can potentially explain some of this spatial variation. However, the current paradigm of the N-effect on photosynthesis is largely based on the relationship between photosynthetic capacity (A(max)) and [N], i.e., the effects of [N] on photosynthesis rates appear under high PPFD. A maximum LUE-[N] relationship, if it existed, would influence photosynthesis in the whole range of PPFD. We estimated maximum LUE for 14 eddy-covariance forest sites, examined its [N] dependency and investigated how the [N]-maximum LUE dependency could be incorporated into a GPP model. In the model, maximum LUE corresponds to LUE under optimal environmental conditions before light saturation takes place (the slope of GPP vs. PPFD under low PPFD). Maximum LUE was higher in deciduous/mixed than in coniferous sites, and correlated significantly with canopy mean [N]. Correlations between maximum LUE and canopy [N] existed regardless of daily PPFD, although we expected the correlation to disappear under low PPFD when LUE was also highest. Despite these correlations, including [N] in the model of GPP only marginally decreased the root mean squared error. Our results suggest that maximum LUE correlates linearly with canopy [N], but that a larger body of data is required before we can include this relationship into a GPP model. Gross primary production will therefore positively correlate with [N] already at low PPFD, and not only at high PPFD as is suggested by the prevailing paradigm of leaf-level A(max)-[N] relationships. This finding has consequences for modelling GPP driven by temporal changes or spatial variation in canopy [N].},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Peltoniemi, Mikko and Pulkkinen, Minna and Kolari, Pasi and Duursma, Remko a and Montagnani, Leonardo and Wharton, Sonia and Lagergren, Fredrik and Takagi, Kentaro and Verbeeck, Hans and Christensen, Torben and Vesala, Timo and Falk, Matthias and Loustau, Denis and Mäkelä, Annikki},\n doi = {10.1093/treephys/tpr140},\n journal = {Tree physiology},\n number = {2}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Seasonal leaf dynamics for tropical evergreen forests in a process-based global ecosystem model.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n De Weirdt, M.; Verbeeck, H.; Maignan, F.; Peylin, P.; Poulter, B.; Bonal, D.; Ciais, P.; and Steppe, K.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Geoscientific Model Development, 5(5): 1091-1108. 2012.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Seasonal leaf dynamics for tropical evergreen forests in a process-based global ecosystem model},\n type = {article},\n year = {2012},\n pages = {1091-1108},\n volume = {5},\n id = {df6fc060-23bb-3c3f-9b6c-8e53e9479958},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:33.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2019-04-26T14:59:00.978Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {DeWeirdt2012},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The influence of seasonal phenology on canopy photosynthesis in tropical\\nevergreen forests remains poorly understood, and its representation in\\nglobal ecosystem models is highly simplified, typically with no seasonal\\nvariation of canopy leaf properties taken into account. Including\\nseasonal variation in leaf age and photosynthetic capacity could improve\\nthe correspondence of global vegetation model outputs with the wet-dry\\nseason CO2 patterns measured at flux tower sites in these forests. We\\nintroduced a leaf litterfall dynamics scheme in the global terrestrial\\necosystem model ORCHIDEE based on seasonal variations in net primary\\nproduction (NPP), resulting in higher leaf turnover in periods of high\\nproductivity. The modifications in the leaf litterfall scheme induce\\nseasonal variation in leaf age distribution and photosynthetic capacity.\\nWe evaluated the results of the modification against seasonal patterns\\nof three long-term in-situ leaf litterfall datasets of evergreen\\ntropical forests in Panama, French Guiana and Brazil. In addition, we\\nevaluated the impact of the model improvements on simulated latent heat\\n(LE) and gross primary productivity (GPP) fluxes for the flux tower\\nsites Guyaflux (French Guiana) and Tapajos (km 67, Brazil). The results\\nshow that the introduced seasonal leaf litterfall corresponds well with\\nfield inventory leaf litter data and times with its seasonality.\\nAlthough the simulated litterfall improved substantially by the model\\nmodifications, the impact on the modelled fluxes remained limited. The\\nseasonal pattern of GPP improved clearly for the Guyaflux site, but no\\nsignificant improvement was obtained for the Tapajos site. The seasonal\\npattern of the modelled latent heat fluxes was hardly changed and\\nremained consistent with the observed fluxes. We conclude that we\\nintroduced a realistic and generic litterfall dynamics scheme, but that\\nother processes need to be improved in the model to achieve better\\nsimulations of GPP seasonal patterns for tropical evergreen forests.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {De Weirdt, M. and Verbeeck, Hans and Maignan, Fabienne and Peylin, P. and Poulter, B. and Bonal, Damien and Ciais, Philippe and Steppe, K.},\n doi = {10.5194/gmd-5-1091-2012},\n journal = {Geoscientific Model Development},\n number = {5},\n keywords = {FR_GUY,GF_GUY}\n}

\n\n\n

\n The influence of seasonal phenology on canopy photosynthesis in tropical\\nevergreen forests remains poorly understood, and its representation in\\nglobal ecosystem models is highly simplified, typically with no seasonal\\nvariation of canopy leaf properties taken into account. Including\\nseasonal variation in leaf age and photosynthetic capacity could improve\\nthe correspondence of global vegetation model outputs with the wet-dry\\nseason CO2 patterns measured at flux tower sites in these forests. We\\nintroduced a leaf litterfall dynamics scheme in the global terrestrial\\necosystem model ORCHIDEE based on seasonal variations in net primary\\nproduction (NPP), resulting in higher leaf turnover in periods of high\\nproductivity. The modifications in the leaf litterfall scheme induce\\nseasonal variation in leaf age distribution and photosynthetic capacity.\\nWe evaluated the results of the modification against seasonal patterns\\nof three long-term in-situ leaf litterfall datasets of evergreen\\ntropical forests in Panama, French Guiana and Brazil. In addition, we\\nevaluated the impact of the model improvements on simulated latent heat\\n(LE) and gross primary productivity (GPP) fluxes for the flux tower\\nsites Guyaflux (French Guiana) and Tapajos (km 67, Brazil). The results\\nshow that the introduced seasonal leaf litterfall corresponds well with\\nfield inventory leaf litter data and times with its seasonality.\\nAlthough the simulated litterfall improved substantially by the model\\nmodifications, the impact on the modelled fluxes remained limited. The\\nseasonal pattern of GPP improved clearly for the Guyaflux site, but no\\nsignificant improvement was obtained for the Tapajos site. The seasonal\\npattern of the modelled latent heat fluxes was hardly changed and\\nremained consistent with the observed fluxes. We conclude that we\\nintroduced a realistic and generic litterfall dynamics scheme, but that\\nother processes need to be improved in the model to achieve better\\nsimulations of GPP seasonal patterns for tropical evergreen forests.\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Constraining a global ecosystem model with multi-site eddy-covariance data.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Kuppel, S.; Peylin, P.; Chevallier, F.; Bacour, C.; Maignan, F.; and Richardson, a., D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeosciences, 9(10): 3757-3776. 2012.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Constraining a global ecosystem model with multi-site eddy-covariance data},\n type = {article},\n year = {2012},\n pages = {3757-3776},\n volume = {9},\n id = {5f88f50f-b4ee-3531-bf9b-137e2ff9ccd8},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:33.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2019-04-26T14:59:00.505Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Kuppel2012a},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Kuppel, S. and Peylin, P. and Chevallier, F. and Bacour, Cédric and Maignan, Fabienne and Richardson, a. D.},\n doi = {10.5194/bg-9-3757-2012},\n journal = {Biogeosciences},\n number = {10},\n keywords = {FR_FON,FR_HES}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n On the choice of the driving temperature for eddy-covariance carbon dioxide flux partitioning.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Lasslop, G.; Migliavacca, M.; Bohrer, G.; Reichstein, M.; Bahn, M.; Ibrom, a.; Jacobs, C.; Kolari, P.; Papale, D.; Vesala, T.; Wohlfahrt, G.; and Cescatti, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeosciences, 9(12): 5243-5259. 12 2012.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"On$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {On the choice of the driving temperature for eddy-covariance carbon dioxide flux partitioning},\n type = {article},\n year = {2012},\n pages = {5243-5259},\n volume = {9},\n websites = {http://www.biogeosciences.net/9/5243/2012/},\n month = {12},\n day = {18},\n id = {752f94dc-7944-3fa6-99c5-ddc0c3d2b1ca},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:34.000Z},\n accessed = {2013-12-18},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2019-03-14T09:21:37.299Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Lasslop2012a},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Networks that merge and harmonise eddycovariance measurements from many different parts of the world have become an important observational resource for ecosystem science. Empirical algorithms have been developed which combine direct observations of the net ecosystem exchange of carbon dioxide with simple empirical models to disentangle photosynthetic (GPP) and respiratory fluxes (Reco). The increasing use of these estimates for the analysis of climate sensitivities, model evaluation and calibration demands a thorough understanding of assumptions in the analysis process and the resulting uncertainties of the partitioned fluxes. The semi-empirical models used in flux partitioning algorithms require temperature observations as input, but as respiration takes place in many parts of an ecosystem, it is unclear which temperature input – air, surface, bole, or soil at a specific depth – should be used. This choice is a source of uncertainty and potential biases. In this study, we analysed the correlation between different temperature observations and nighttime NEE (which equals nighttime respiration) across FLUXNET sites to understand the potential of the different temperature observations as input for the flux partitioning model. We found that the differences in the correlation between different temperature data streams and nighttime NEE are small and depend on the selection of sites. We investigated the effects of the choice of the temperature data by running two flux partitioning algorithms with air and soil temperature. We found the time lag (phase shift) between air and soil temperatures explains the differences in the GPP and Reco estimates when using either air or soil temperatures for flux partitioning. The impact of the source of temperature data on other derived ecosystem parameters was estimated, and the strongest impact was found for the temperature sensitivity. Overall, this study suggests that the choice between soil or air temperature must be made on site-by-site basis by analysing the correlation between temperature and nighttime NEE. We recommend using an ensemble of estimates based on different temperature observations to account for the uncertainty due to the choice of temperature and to assure the robustness of the temporal patterns of the derived variables.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Lasslop, Gitta and Migliavacca, Mirco and Bohrer, G. and Reichstein, Markus and Bahn, M. and Ibrom, a. and Jacobs, C. and Kolari, P. and Papale, D. and Vesala, T. and Wohlfahrt, G. and Cescatti, Alessandro},\n doi = {10.5194/bg-9-5243-2012},\n journal = {Biogeosciences},\n number = {12},\n keywords = {FR_FON,FR_HES}\n}

\n\n\n

\n Networks that merge and harmonise eddycovariance measurements from many different parts of the world have become an important observational resource for ecosystem science. Empirical algorithms have been developed which combine direct observations of the net ecosystem exchange of carbon dioxide with simple empirical models to disentangle photosynthetic (GPP) and respiratory fluxes (Reco). The increasing use of these estimates for the analysis of climate sensitivities, model evaluation and calibration demands a thorough understanding of assumptions in the analysis process and the resulting uncertainties of the partitioned fluxes. The semi-empirical models used in flux partitioning algorithms require temperature observations as input, but as respiration takes place in many parts of an ecosystem, it is unclear which temperature input – air, surface, bole, or soil at a specific depth – should be used. This choice is a source of uncertainty and potential biases. In this study, we analysed the correlation between different temperature observations and nighttime NEE (which equals nighttime respiration) across FLUXNET sites to understand the potential of the different temperature observations as input for the flux partitioning model. We found that the differences in the correlation between different temperature data streams and nighttime NEE are small and depend on the selection of sites. We investigated the effects of the choice of the temperature data by running two flux partitioning algorithms with air and soil temperature. We found the time lag (phase shift) between air and soil temperatures explains the differences in the GPP and Reco estimates when using either air or soil temperatures for flux partitioning. The impact of the source of temperature data on other derived ecosystem parameters was estimated, and the strongest impact was found for the temperature sensitivity. Overall, this study suggests that the choice between soil or air temperature must be made on site-by-site basis by analysing the correlation between temperature and nighttime NEE. We recommend using an ensemble of estimates based on different temperature observations to account for the uncertainty due to the choice of temperature and to assure the robustness of the temporal patterns of the derived variables.\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n How errors on meteorological variables impact simulated ecosystem fluxes: a case study for six French sites.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Zhao, Y.; Ciais, P.; Peylin, P.; Viovy, N.; Longdoz, B.; Bonnefond, J., M.; Rambal, S.; Klumpp, K.; Olioso, A.; Cellier, P.; Maignan, F.; Eglin, T.; and Calvet, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeosciences, 9(7): 2537-2564. 7 2012.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"How$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {How errors on meteorological variables impact simulated ecosystem fluxes: a case study for six French sites},\n type = {article},\n year = {2012},\n pages = {2537-2564},\n volume = {9},\n websites = {http://www.biogeosciences.net/9/2537/2012/},\n month = {7},\n day = {11},\n id = {fde7cfcf-9342-3fd4-becb-9848cdd871a0},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:34.000Z},\n accessed = {2012-08-03},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Zhao2012a},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {FR_FON;FR_HES;FR_PUE;FR_GRI;FR_LQ1;FR_AVI},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Zhao, Y. and Ciais, Philippe and Peylin, P. and Viovy, Nicolas and Longdoz, Bernard and Bonnefond, Jean-Marc M. and Rambal, S. and Klumpp, Katja and Olioso, Albert and Cellier, P. and Maignan, Fabienne and Eglin, T. and Calvet, Jean-christophe},\n doi = {10.5194/bg-9-2537-2012},\n journal = {Biogeosciences},\n number = {7},\n keywords = {FR_AVI,FR_FON,FR_GRI,FR_HES,FR_LQ1,FR_PUE}\n}

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\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Dynamique saisonnière de la végétation forestière (arbres et sous-bois) dans le massif des Landes.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Yauschew-Raguenes, N.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Technical Report 2012.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@techreport{\n title = {Dynamique saisonnière de la végétation forestière (arbres et sous-bois) dans le massif des Landes},\n type = {techreport},\n year = {2012},\n id = {ace8f7b1-2b77-3bfa-967c-da9ee4469ec4},\n created = {2018-01-17T14:08:33.195Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2018-01-17T14:08:33.195Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Yauschew-raguenes2012},\n source_type = {techreport},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {techreport},\n author = {Yauschew-Raguenes, Nathalie},\n keywords = {FR_LBR}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Ground-based Network of NDVI measurements for tracking temporal dynamics of canopy structure and vegetation phenology in different biomes.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Soudani, K.; Hmimina, G.; Delpierre, N.; Pontailler, J., Y.; Aubinet, M.; Bonal, D.; Caquet, B.; de Grandcourt, A.; Burban, B.; Flechard, C., R.; Guyon, D.; Granier, A.; Gross, P.; Heinesh, B.; Longdoz, B.; Loustau, D.; Moureaux, C.; Ourcival, J., M.; Rambal, S.; Saint André, L.; and Dufrêne, E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Remote Sensing of Environment, 123: 234-245. 2012.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Ground-based$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Ground-based Network of NDVI measurements for tracking temporal dynamics of canopy structure and vegetation phenology in different biomes},\n type = {article},\n year = {2012},\n keywords = {FR_FON,FR_GUY,FR_HES,FR_LBR},\n pages = {234-245},\n volume = {123},\n websites = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2012.03.012},\n publisher = {Elsevier Inc.},\n id = {25cd7b94-a4aa-31c9-a5b6-40dec71918cb},\n created = {2020-08-28T15:56:02.254Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2021-02-11T10:41:49.450Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Soudani2012a},\n source_type = {article},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Plant phenology characterises the seasonal cyclicity of biological events such as budburst, flowering, fructification, leaf senescence and leaf fall. These biological events are genetically pre-determined but also strongly modulated by climatic conditions, particularly temperature, daylength and water availability. Therefore, the timing of these events is considered as a good indicator of climate change impacts and as a key parameter for understanding and modelling vegetation-climate interactions. In situ observations, empirical or bioclimatic models and remotely sensed time-series data constitute the three possible ways for monitoring the timing of plant phenological events. Remote sensing has the advantage of being the only way of surface sampling at high temporal frequency and, in the case of satellite-based remote sensing, over large regions. Nevertheless, exogenous factors, particularly atmospheric conditions, lead to some uncertainties on the seasonal course of surface reflectance and cause bias in the identification of vegetation phenological events. Since 2005, a network of forest and herbaceous sites has been equipped with laboratory made NDVI sensors to monitor the temporal dynamics of canopy structure and phenology at an intra-daily time step. In this study, we present recent results obtained in several contrasting biomes in France, French Guiana, Belgium and Congo. These sites represent a gradient of vegetation ecosystems: the main evergreen and deciduous forest ecosystems in temperate climate region, an evergreen tropical rain forest in French Guiana, an herbaceous savanna ecosystem in Congo, and a succession of three annual crops in Belgium. In this paper, (1) we provide an accurate description of the seasonal dynamics of vegetation cover in these different ecosystems (2) we identify the most relevant remotely sensed markers from NDVI time-series for determining the dates of the main phenological events that characterize these ecosystems and (3) we discuss the relationships between temporal canopy dynamics and climate factors. In addition to its importance for phenological studies, this ground-based Network of NDVI measurement provides data needed for the calibration and direct validation of satellite observations and products. © 2012 Elsevier Inc.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Soudani, K. and Hmimina, G. and Delpierre, N. and Pontailler, J. Y. and Aubinet, Marc and Bonal, Damien and Caquet, B. and de Grandcourt, A. and Burban, B. and Flechard, C. R. and Guyon, D. and Granier, Andre and Gross, P. and Heinesh, B. and Longdoz, Bernard and Loustau, Denis and Moureaux, C. and Ourcival, J. M. and Rambal, S. and Saint André, L. and Dufrêne, Eric},\n doi = {10.1016/j.rse.2012.03.012},\n journal = {Remote Sensing of Environment}\n}

\n\n\n

\n Plant phenology characterises the seasonal cyclicity of biological events such as budburst, flowering, fructification, leaf senescence and leaf fall. These biological events are genetically pre-determined but also strongly modulated by climatic conditions, particularly temperature, daylength and water availability. Therefore, the timing of these events is considered as a good indicator of climate change impacts and as a key parameter for understanding and modelling vegetation-climate interactions. In situ observations, empirical or bioclimatic models and remotely sensed time-series data constitute the three possible ways for monitoring the timing of plant phenological events. Remote sensing has the advantage of being the only way of surface sampling at high temporal frequency and, in the case of satellite-based remote sensing, over large regions. Nevertheless, exogenous factors, particularly atmospheric conditions, lead to some uncertainties on the seasonal course of surface reflectance and cause bias in the identification of vegetation phenological events. Since 2005, a network of forest and herbaceous sites has been equipped with laboratory made NDVI sensors to monitor the temporal dynamics of canopy structure and phenology at an intra-daily time step. In this study, we present recent results obtained in several contrasting biomes in France, French Guiana, Belgium and Congo. These sites represent a gradient of vegetation ecosystems: the main evergreen and deciduous forest ecosystems in temperate climate region, an evergreen tropical rain forest in French Guiana, an herbaceous savanna ecosystem in Congo, and a succession of three annual crops in Belgium. In this paper, (1) we provide an accurate description of the seasonal dynamics of vegetation cover in these different ecosystems (2) we identify the most relevant remotely sensed markers from NDVI time-series for determining the dates of the main phenological events that characterize these ecosystems and (3) we discuss the relationships between temporal canopy dynamics and climate factors. In addition to its importance for phenological studies, this ground-based Network of NDVI measurement provides data needed for the calibration and direct validation of satellite observations and products. © 2012 Elsevier Inc.\n

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\n \n 2011\n \n \n (22)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n fluxes in Amazon forests: Fusion of eddy covariance data and the ORCHIDEE model.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Verbeeck, H.; Peylin, P.; Bacour, C.; Bonal, D.; Steppe, K.; and Ciais, P.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Geophysical Research, 116(G2): 1-19. 5 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"fluxes$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {fluxes in Amazon forests: Fusion of eddy covariance data and the ORCHIDEE model},\n type = {article},\n year = {2011},\n pages = {1-19},\n volume = {116},\n websites = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1029/2010JG001544,http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2011/2010JG001544.shtml},\n month = {5},\n day = {21},\n id = {0a127f7d-596c-3f17-b27f-6c1b25335cc0},\n created = {2015-05-29T13:13:18.000Z},\n accessed = {2011-08-08},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Verbeeck2011},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {In some regions of the Amazon, global biogeophysical models have difficulties in reproducing measured seasonal patterns of net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of carbon dioxide. The global process-based biosphere model Organizing Carbon and Hydrology in Dynamic Ecosystems (ORCHIDEE) used in this study showed that a standard model parameterization produces seasonal NEE patterns that are opposite in phase to the eddy flux data of the tropical evergreen forest at the Tapajós km 67 site (Brazil), like many other global models. However, we optimized several key parameters of ORCHIDEE using eddy covariance data of the Tapajós km 67 site in order to identify the driving factors of the seasonal variations in CO2 flux in this tropical forest ecosystem. The validity of the retrieved parameter values was evaluated for two other flux tower sites in the Amazon. The different tested optimization scenarios showed that only a few parameters substantially improve the fit to NEE and latent heat data. Our results confirm that these forests have the ability to maintain high transpiration and photosynthesis during the dry season in association with a large soil depth (Dsoil = 10 m) and a rooting system density that decreases almost linearly with depth (Hroot = 0.1). Previous analyses of seasonal variations in eddy covariance fluxes indicated that higher GPP levels were reached in the dry season compared to the wet season. Our optimization analysis suggests that this pattern could be caused by a leaf flush at the start of the dry season increasing the photosynthetic capacity of the canopy. Nevertheless, the current model structure is not yet able to simulate such a leaf flush, and we therefore suggest improving the ORCHIDEE model by including a specific phenology module that is driven by light availability for the tropical evergreen plant functional types. In addition, our results highlight both the potential and the limitations of flux data to improve global terrestrial models. Several parameters were not identifiable, and the risk of overfitting of the model was illustrated. Nevertheless, we conclude that these models can be improved substantially by assimilating site level flux data over the tropics.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Verbeeck, Hans and Peylin, Philippe and Bacour, Cédric and Bonal, Damien and Steppe, Kathy and Ciais, Philippe},\n doi = {10.1029/2010JG001544},\n journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research},\n number = {G2},\n keywords = {FR_GUY}\n}

\n\n\n

\n In some regions of the Amazon, global biogeophysical models have difficulties in reproducing measured seasonal patterns of net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of carbon dioxide. The global process-based biosphere model Organizing Carbon and Hydrology in Dynamic Ecosystems (ORCHIDEE) used in this study showed that a standard model parameterization produces seasonal NEE patterns that are opposite in phase to the eddy flux data of the tropical evergreen forest at the Tapajós km 67 site (Brazil), like many other global models. However, we optimized several key parameters of ORCHIDEE using eddy covariance data of the Tapajós km 67 site in order to identify the driving factors of the seasonal variations in CO2 flux in this tropical forest ecosystem. The validity of the retrieved parameter values was evaluated for two other flux tower sites in the Amazon. The different tested optimization scenarios showed that only a few parameters substantially improve the fit to NEE and latent heat data. Our results confirm that these forests have the ability to maintain high transpiration and photosynthesis during the dry season in association with a large soil depth (Dsoil = 10 m) and a rooting system density that decreases almost linearly with depth (Hroot = 0.1). Previous analyses of seasonal variations in eddy covariance fluxes indicated that higher GPP levels were reached in the dry season compared to the wet season. Our optimization analysis suggests that this pattern could be caused by a leaf flush at the start of the dry season increasing the photosynthetic capacity of the canopy. Nevertheless, the current model structure is not yet able to simulate such a leaf flush, and we therefore suggest improving the ORCHIDEE model by including a specific phenology module that is driven by light availability for the tropical evergreen plant functional types. In addition, our results highlight both the potential and the limitations of flux data to improve global terrestrial models. Several parameters were not identifiable, and the risk of overfitting of the model was illustrated. Nevertheless, we conclude that these models can be improved substantially by assimilating site level flux data over the tropics.\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Seasonal hysteresis of net ecosystem exchange in response to temperature change: patterns and causes.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n NIU, S.; LUO, Y.; FEI, S.; MONTAGNANI, L.; BOHRER, G.; JANSSENS, I., A.; GIELEN, B.; RAMBAL, S.; MOORS, E.; and MATTEUCCI, G.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global Change Biology, 17(10): 3102-3114. 10 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Seasonal$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Seasonal hysteresis of net ecosystem exchange in response to temperature change: patterns and causes},\n type = {article},\n year = {2011},\n pages = {3102-3114},\n volume = {17},\n websites = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02459.x},\n month = {10},\n id = {9d6fa691-873f-3f9e-b877-2e47308c9091},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:16.000Z},\n accessed = {2011-05-09},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Niu2011},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {NIU, SHULI and LUO, YIQI and FEI, SHENFENG and MONTAGNANI, LEONARDO and BOHRER, GIL and JANSSENS, IVAN A. and GIELEN, BERT and RAMBAL, SERGE and MOORS, EDDY and MATTEUCCI, GIORGIO},\n doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02459.x},\n journal = {Global Change Biology},\n number = {10},\n keywords = {FR_HES,FR_PUE}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n A new method to determine soil organic carbon equilibrium.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Lardy, R.; Bellocchi, G.; and Soussana, J., F.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Environmental Modelling and Software, 26(12): 1759-1763. 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"A$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {A new method to determine soil organic carbon equilibrium},\n type = {article},\n year = {2011},\n keywords = {FR_LQ1},\n pages = {1759-1763},\n volume = {26},\n websites = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2011.05.016},\n publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},\n id = {85f9e85c-97ec-366f-919b-b5abbb9f3706},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:29.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Lardy2011a},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {This work addresses the dynamical behaviour of the Pasture Simulation Model (PaSim), with respect to the equilibrium conditions for the five carbon (C) pools (structural, metabolic, active, slow, and passive) of soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition, which are modelled according to CENTURY. A novel algebraic approach, based on a sequence of matrices and formulated using the Gauss-Jordan (G-J) elimination algorithm (stable and efficient in memory usage), was proposed and compared to a native iterative procedure using soil C data from 13 European grassland sites. The advantage of the algebraic approach over the iterative method is an enhanced accuracy of C allocation to soil pools and a faster convergence (6-20 times). Its value was discussed in the context of SOM research and modelling. ?? 2011 Elsevier Ltd.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Lardy, R. and Bellocchi, G. and Soussana, J. F.},\n doi = {10.1016/j.envsoft.2011.05.016},\n journal = {Environmental Modelling and Software},\n number = {12}\n}

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\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Semiempirical modeling of abiotic and biotic factors controlling ecosystem respiration across eddy covariance sites.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Migliavacca, M.; Reichstein, M.; Richardson, A., D.; Colombo, R.; Sutton, M., A.; Lasslop, G.; Tomelleri, E.; Wohlfahrt, G.; Carvalhais, N.; Cescatti, A.; Mahecha, M., D.; Montagnani, L.; Papale, D.; Zaehle, S.; Arain, A.; Arneth, A.; Black, T., A.; Carrara, A.; Dore, S.; Gianelle, D.; Helfter, C.; Hollinger, D.; Kutsch, W., L.; Lafleur, P., M.; Nouvellon, Y.; Rebmann, C.; Humberto, R.; Rodeghiero, M.; Roupsard, O.; Sebastià, M., T.; Seufert, G.; Soussana, J., F.; and Michiel, K.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global Change Biology, 17(1): 390-409. 1 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Semiempirical$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Semiempirical modeling of abiotic and biotic factors controlling ecosystem respiration across eddy covariance sites},\n type = {article},\n year = {2011},\n keywords = {FR_FON,FR_GRI,FR_HES,FR_LQ1,FR_PUE},\n pages = {390-409},\n volume = {17},\n websites = {http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/123389342/abstract,http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02243.x},\n month = {1},\n publisher = {John Wiley & Sons},\n day = {1},\n id = {b35e71a5-8981-3af0-badd-d5d3cf0219d8},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:29.000Z},\n accessed = {2014-11-17},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Migliavacca2011},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {In this study we examined ecosystem respiration (R-ECO) data from 104 sites belonging to FLUXNET, the global network of eddy covariance flux measurements. The goal was to identify the main factors involved in the variability of R-ECO: temporally and between sites as affected by climate, vegetation structure and plant functional type (PFT) (evergreen needleleaf, grasslands, etc.). We demonstrated that a model using only climate drivers as predictors of R-ECO failed to describe part of the temporal variability in the data and that the dependency on gross primary production (GPP) needed to be included as an additional driver of R-ECO. The maximum seasonal leaf area index (LAI(MAX)) had an additional effect that explained the spatial variability of reference respiration (the respiration at reference temperature T-ref=15 degrees C, without stimulation introduced by photosynthetic activity and without water limitations), with a statistically significant linear relationship (r2=0.52, P < 0.001, n=104) even within each PFT. Besides LAI(MAX), we found that reference respiration may be explained partially by total soil carbon content (SoilC). For undisturbed temperate and boreal forests a negative control of total nitrogen deposition (N-depo) on reference respiration was also identified. We developed a new semiempirical model incorporating abiotic factors (climate), recent productivity (daily GPP), general site productivity and canopy structure (LAI(MAX)) which performed well in predicting the spatio-temporal variability of R-ECO, explaining > 70% of the variance for most vegetation types. Exceptions include tropical and Mediterranean broadleaf forests and deciduous broadleaf forests. Part of the variability in respiration that could not be described by our model may be attributed to a series of factors, including phenology in deciduous broadleaf forests and management practices in grasslands and croplands.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Migliavacca, Mirco and Reichstein, Markus and Richardson, Andrew D. and Colombo, Roberto and Sutton, Mark A. and Lasslop, Gitta and Tomelleri, Enrico and Wohlfahrt, Georg and Carvalhais, Nuno and Cescatti, Alessandro and Mahecha, Miguel D. and Montagnani, Leonardo and Papale, Dario and Zaehle, Sönke and Arain, Altaf and Arneth, Almut and Black, T. Andrew and Carrara, Arnaud and Dore, Sabina and Gianelle, Damiano and Helfter, Carole and Hollinger, David and Kutsch, Werner L. and Lafleur, Peter M. and Nouvellon, Yann and Rebmann, Corinna and Humberto, R. and Rodeghiero, Mirco and Roupsard, Olivier and Sebastià, Maria Teresa and Seufert, Guenther and Soussana, Jean Francoise and Michiel, K.},\n doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02243.x},\n journal = {Global Change Biology},\n number = {1}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Paired comparison of water, energy and carbon exchanges over two young maritime pine stands (Pinus pinaster Ait.): effects of thinning and weeding in the early stage of tree growth.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Moreaux, V.; Lamaud, E.; Bosc, A.; Bonnefond, J.; Medlyn, B., E.; and Loustau, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Tree physiology, 31(9): 903-21. 9 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Paired$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Paired comparison of water, energy and carbon exchanges over two young maritime pine stands (Pinus pinaster Ait.): effects of thinning and weeding in the early stage of tree growth.},\n type = {article},\n year = {2011},\n keywords = {FR_BIL,FR_LBR},\n pages = {903-21},\n volume = {31},\n websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21724584},\n month = {9},\n id = {e918827e-be8a-3c05-a48c-d41b6a3cb31a},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:29.000Z},\n accessed = {2014-09-26},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {true},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Moreaux2011a},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The effects of management practices on energy, water and carbon exchanges were investigated in a young pine plantation in south-west France. In 2009-10, carbon dioxide (CO(2)), H(2)O and heat fluxes were monitored using the eddy covariance and sap flow techniques in a control plot (C) with a developed gorse layer, and an adjacent plot that was mechanically weeded and thinned (W). Despite large differences in the total leaf area index and canopy structure, the annual net radiation absorbed was only 4% lower in plot W. We showed that higher albedo in this plot was offset by lower emitted long-wave radiation. Annual evapotranspiration (ET) from plot W was 15% lower, due to lower rainfall interception and transpiration by the tree canopy, partly counterbalanced by the larger evaporation from both soil and regrowing weedy vegetation. The drainage belowground from plot W was larger by 113 mm annually. The seasonal variability of ET was driven by the dynamics of the soil and weed layers, which was more severely affected by drought in plot C. Conversely, the temporal changes in pine transpiration and stem diameter growth were synchronous between sites despite higher soil water content in the weeded plot. At the annual scale, both plots were carbon sinks, but thinning and weeding reduced the carbon uptake by 73%: annual carbon uptake was 243 and 65 g C m(-2) on plots C and W, respectively. Summer drought dramatically impacted the net ecosystem exchange: plot C became a carbon source as the gross primary production (GPP) severely decreased. However, plot W remained a carbon sink during drought, as a result of decreases in both GPP and ecosystem respiration (R(E)). In winter, both plots were carbon sources, plots C and W emitting 67.5 and 32.4 g C m(-2), respectively. Overall, this study highlighted the significant contribution of the gorse layer to mass and energy exchange in young pine plantations.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Moreaux, Virginie and Lamaud, Eric and Bosc, Alexandre and Bonnefond, Jean-marc and Medlyn, Belinda E. and Loustau, Denis},\n doi = {10.1093/treephys/tpr048},\n journal = {Tree physiology},\n number = {9}\n}

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\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Ground-based optical measurements at European flux sites: A review of methods, instruments and current controversies.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Balzarolo, M.; Anderson, K.; Nichol, C.; Rossini, M.; Vescovo, L.; Arriga, N.; Wohlfahrt, G.; Calvet, J., C.; Carrara, A.; Cerasoli, S.; Cogliati, S.; Daumard, F.; Eklundh, L.; Elbers, J., a.; Evrendilek, F.; Handcock, R., N.; Kaduk, J.; Klumpp, K.; Longdoz, B.; Matteucci, G.; Meroni, M.; Montagnani, L.; Ourcival, J., M.; Sánchez-Cañete, E., P.; Pontailler, J., Y.; Juszczak, R.; Scholes, B.; and Pilar Martín, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Sensors, 11(8): 7954-7981. 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Ground-based optical measurements at European flux sites: A review of methods, instruments and current controversies},\n type = {article},\n year = {2011},\n keywords = {FR_AVI,FR_FON,FR_HES,FR_LQ1,FR_MAU,FR_PUE},\n pages = {7954-7981},\n volume = {11},\n id = {5512b252-01b9-3d0e-b5c3-2f263a92acf3},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:30.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2019-04-26T14:59:00.141Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Balzarolo2011d},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {This paper reviews the currently available optical sensors, their limitations and opportunities for deployment at Eddy Covariance (EC) sites in Europe. This review is based on the results obtained from an online survey designed and disseminated by the Co-cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action ESO903—“Spectral Sampling Tools for Vegetation Biophysical Parameters and Flux Measurements in Europe” that provided a complete view on spectral sampling activities carried out within the different research teams in European countries. The results have highlighted that a wide variety of optical sensors are in use at flux sites across Europe, and responses further demonstrated that users were not always fully aware of the key issues underpinning repeatability and the reproducibility of their spectral measurements. The key findings of this survey point towards the need for greater awareness of the need for standardisation and development of a common protocol of optical sampling at the European EC sites.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Balzarolo, Manuela and Anderson, Karen and Nichol, Caroline and Rossini, Micol and Vescovo, Loris and Arriga, Nicola and Wohlfahrt, Georg and Calvet, Jean Christophe and Carrara, Arnaud and Cerasoli, Sofia and Cogliati, Sergio and Daumard, Fabrice and Eklundh, Lars and Elbers, Jan a. and Evrendilek, Fatih and Handcock, Rebecca N. and Kaduk, Jörg and Klumpp, Katja and Longdoz, Bernard and Matteucci, Giorgio and Meroni, Michele and Montagnani, Leonardo and Ourcival, Jean Marc and Sánchez-Cañete, Enrique P. and Pontailler, Jean Yves and Juszczak, Radoslaw and Scholes, Bob and Pilar Martín, M.},\n doi = {10.3390/s11087954},\n journal = {Sensors},\n number = {8}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Effects of clover density on N2O emissions and plant-soil N transfers in a fertilised upland pasture.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Klumpp, K.; Bloor, J., M., G.; Ambus, P.; and Soussana, J., F.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Plant and Soil, 343(1-2): 97-107. 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Effects of clover density on N2O emissions and plant-soil N transfers in a fertilised upland pasture},\n type = {article},\n year = {2011},\n keywords = {FR_LQ1},\n pages = {97-107},\n volume = {343},\n id = {d98424aa-8985-3679-b7da-12c013aed23a},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:30.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Klumpp2011b},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Legumes have the potential to alter nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions in grass-legume mixtures via changes in soil N availability, but the influence of legume abundance on N2O fluxes in grazed multi-species grasslands has faced little attention to date. In this paper, a combination of 15N-labelled fertilizer application and automatic chamber measurements was used to investigate N2O fluxes and soil-plant N transfers for high- and low-density clover patches in an intensively-managed, upland pasture (Auvergne, France) over the course of one growing season. During the six-month study period, N2O fluxes were highly variable. Maximum daily N2O emission was 52 g N2O-N ha-1, and was associated with fertilizer application early in the growing season. Smaller peaks of N2O emission occured in response to cutting events and fertilizer application later in the growing season. Nitrous oxide fluxes derived from 15N-labelled fertilizer peaked at 40% shortly after fertilizer application, but the dominant source of N2O fluxes was the soil N pool. Contrary to expectations, clover density had no significant effects on N content or patterns of 15N recovery in plant or soil mineral N pools. Nevertheless, we found a tendency for increased N2O-N losses from the low clover treatment. Furthermore, 15N recovery in N2O was higher in the low- compared to the high-density clover treatment during favorable growing conditions, suggesting transient shifts in plant/soil competition for N depending on legume abundance. Multiple regression analysis revealed that water-filled pore space (WFPS) and clover dry mass were the main factors driving cumulative N2O emissions in the high clover treatment, whereas variation in cumulated N2O emissions in the low clover treatment was best explained by WFPS and grass mass. We hypothesize that clover density had indirect effects on the sensitivity of N2O emissions to abiotic and biotic factors possibly via changes in soil pH. Overall, our results suggest that spatial heterogeneity in clover abundance may have relatively little impact on field-scale N2O emissions in fertilized grasslands. © 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Klumpp, Katja and Bloor, Juliette M G and Ambus, Per and Soussana, Jean François},\n doi = {10.1007/s11104-010-0526-8},\n journal = {Plant and Soil},\n number = {1-2}\n}

\n\n\n

\n Legumes have the potential to alter nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions in grass-legume mixtures via changes in soil N availability, but the influence of legume abundance on N2O fluxes in grazed multi-species grasslands has faced little attention to date. In this paper, a combination of 15N-labelled fertilizer application and automatic chamber measurements was used to investigate N2O fluxes and soil-plant N transfers for high- and low-density clover patches in an intensively-managed, upland pasture (Auvergne, France) over the course of one growing season. During the six-month study period, N2O fluxes were highly variable. Maximum daily N2O emission was 52 g N2O-N ha-1, and was associated with fertilizer application early in the growing season. Smaller peaks of N2O emission occured in response to cutting events and fertilizer application later in the growing season. Nitrous oxide fluxes derived from 15N-labelled fertilizer peaked at 40% shortly after fertilizer application, but the dominant source of N2O fluxes was the soil N pool. Contrary to expectations, clover density had no significant effects on N content or patterns of 15N recovery in plant or soil mineral N pools. Nevertheless, we found a tendency for increased N2O-N losses from the low clover treatment. Furthermore, 15N recovery in N2O was higher in the low- compared to the high-density clover treatment during favorable growing conditions, suggesting transient shifts in plant/soil competition for N depending on legume abundance. Multiple regression analysis revealed that water-filled pore space (WFPS) and clover dry mass were the main factors driving cumulative N2O emissions in the high clover treatment, whereas variation in cumulated N2O emissions in the low clover treatment was best explained by WFPS and grass mass. We hypothesize that clover density had indirect effects on the sensitivity of N2O emissions to abiotic and biotic factors possibly via changes in soil pH. Overall, our results suggest that spatial heterogeneity in clover abundance may have relatively little impact on field-scale N2O emissions in fertilized grasslands. © 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Dry deposition of reactive nitrogen to European ecosystems: A comparison of inferential models across the NitroEurope network.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Flechard, C., R.; Nemitz, E.; Smith, R., I.; Fowler, D.; Vermeulen, a., T.; Bleeker, A.; Erisman, J., W.; Simpson, D.; Zhang, L.; Tang, Y., S.; and Sutton, M., a.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 11(6): 2703-2728. 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Dry deposition of reactive nitrogen to European ecosystems: A comparison of inferential models across the NitroEurope network},\n type = {article},\n year = {2011},\n pages = {2703-2728},\n volume = {11},\n id = {b988db3f-cf18-37e3-be3c-091cecfcb0fb},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:30.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Flechard2011b},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Inferential models have long been used to determine pollutant dry deposition to ecosystems from measurements of air concentrations and as part of national and regional atmospheric chemistry and transport models, and yet models still suffer very large uncertainties. An inferential network of 55 sites throughout Europe for atmospheric reactive nitrogen (Nr) was established in 2007, providing ambient concentrations of gaseous NH3, NO2, HNO3 and HONO and aerosol NH4+ and NO3− as part of the NitroEurope Integrated Project. Network results providing modelled inorganic Nr dry deposition to the 55 monitoring sites are presented, using four existing dry deposition routines, revealing inter-model differences and providing ensemble average deposition estimates. Dry deposition is generally largest over forests in regions with large ambient NH3 concentrations, exceeding 30–40 kg N ha−1 yr−1 over parts of the Netherlands and Belgium, while some remote forests in Scandinavia receive less than 2 kg N ha−1 yr−1. Turbulent Nr deposition to short vegetation ecosystems is generally smaller than to forests due to reduced turbulent exchange, but also because NH3 inputs to fertilised, agricultural systems are limited by the presence of a substantial NH3 source in the vegetation, leading to periods of emission as well as deposition. Differences between models reach a factor 2–3 and are often greater than differences between monitoring sites. For soluble Nr gases such as NH3 and HNO3, the non-stomatal pathways are responsible for most of the annual uptake over many surfaces, especially the non-agricultural land uses, but parameterisations of the sink strength vary considerably among models. For aerosol NH4+ and NO3− discrepancies between theoretical models and field flux measurements lead to much uncertainty in dry deposition rates for fine particles (0.1–0.5 μm). The validation of inferential models at the ecosystem scale is best achieved by comparison with direct long-term micrometeorological Nr flux measurements, but too few such datasets are available, especially for HNO3 and aerosol NH4+ and NO3−.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Flechard, C. R. and Nemitz, E. and Smith, R. I. and Fowler, D. and Vermeulen, a. T. and Bleeker, A. and Erisman, J. W. and Simpson, D. and Zhang, L. and Tang, Y. S. and Sutton, M. a.},\n doi = {10.5194/acp-11-2703-2011},\n journal = {Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics},\n number = {6},\n keywords = {FR_FON,FR_GRI,FR_HES,FR_LBR,FR_LQ1,FR_LQ2,FR_PUE}\n}

\n\n\n

\n Inferential models have long been used to determine pollutant dry deposition to ecosystems from measurements of air concentrations and as part of national and regional atmospheric chemistry and transport models, and yet models still suffer very large uncertainties. An inferential network of 55 sites throughout Europe for atmospheric reactive nitrogen (Nr) was established in 2007, providing ambient concentrations of gaseous NH3, NO2, HNO3 and HONO and aerosol NH4+ and NO3− as part of the NitroEurope Integrated Project. Network results providing modelled inorganic Nr dry deposition to the 55 monitoring sites are presented, using four existing dry deposition routines, revealing inter-model differences and providing ensemble average deposition estimates. Dry deposition is generally largest over forests in regions with large ambient NH3 concentrations, exceeding 30–40 kg N ha−1 yr−1 over parts of the Netherlands and Belgium, while some remote forests in Scandinavia receive less than 2 kg N ha−1 yr−1. Turbulent Nr deposition to short vegetation ecosystems is generally smaller than to forests due to reduced turbulent exchange, but also because NH3 inputs to fertilised, agricultural systems are limited by the presence of a substantial NH3 source in the vegetation, leading to periods of emission as well as deposition. Differences between models reach a factor 2–3 and are often greater than differences between monitoring sites. For soluble Nr gases such as NH3 and HNO3, the non-stomatal pathways are responsible for most of the annual uptake over many surfaces, especially the non-agricultural land uses, but parameterisations of the sink strength vary considerably among models. For aerosol NH4+ and NO3− discrepancies between theoretical models and field flux measurements lead to much uncertainty in dry deposition rates for fine particles (0.1–0.5 μm). The validation of inferential models at the ecosystem scale is best achieved by comparison with direct long-term micrometeorological Nr flux measurements, but too few such datasets are available, especially for HNO3 and aerosol NH4+ and NO3−.\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Thermal adaptation of net ecosystem exchange.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Yuan, W.; Luo, Y.; Liang, S.; Yu, G.; Niu, S.; Stoy, P.; Chen, J.; Desai, a., R.; Lindroth, A.; Gough, C., M.; Ceulemans, R.; Arain, A.; Bernhofer, C.; Cook, B.; Cook, D., R.; Dragoni, D.; Gielen, B.; Janssens, I., a.; Longdoz, B.; Liu, H.; Lund, M.; Matteucci, G.; Moors, E., J.; Scott, R., L.; Seufert, G.; and Varner, R.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeosciences, 8(6): 1453-1463. 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Thermal adaptation of net ecosystem exchange},\n type = {article},\n year = {2011},\n pages = {1453-1463},\n volume = {8},\n id = {fb280a74-786c-37aa-874a-2b21409cc734},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:31.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2021-02-05T10:33:17.548Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Yuan2011a},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Abstract. Thermal adaptation of gross primary production and ecosystem respiration has been well documented over broad thermal gradients. However, no study has examined Correspondence to: W. Yuan (wenpingyuancn@yahoo.com) their interaction as a function of temperature, i.e. the ther- mal responses of net ecosystem exchange of carbon (NEE). In this study, we constructed temperature response curves of NEE against temperature using 380 site-years of eddy covari- ance data at 72 forest, grassland and shrubland ecosystems located at latitudes ranging from ∼29◦ N to 64◦ N. The re- sponse curves were used to define two critical temperatures: Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. 1454 W. Yuan et al.: Thermal adaptation of net ecosystem exchange transition temperature (Tb) at which ecosystem transfer from carbon source to sink and optimal temperature (To) at which carbon uptake is maximized. Tb was strongly correlated with annual mean air temperature. To was strongly correlated with mean temperature during the net carbon uptake period across the study ecosystems. Our results imply that the net ecosys- tem exchange of carbon adapts to the temperature across the geographical range due to intrinsic connections between veg- etation primary production and ecosystem respiration.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Yuan, W. and Luo, Y. and Liang, S. and Yu, G. and Niu, S. and Stoy, P. and Chen, J. and Desai, a. R. and Lindroth, A. and Gough, C. M. and Ceulemans, R. and Arain, A. and Bernhofer, C. and Cook, B. and Cook, D. R. and Dragoni, D. and Gielen, B. and Janssens, I. a. and Longdoz, Bernard and Liu, H. and Lund, M. and Matteucci, G. and Moors, Eddy J. and Scott, R. L. and Seufert, G. and Varner, R.},\n doi = {10.5194/bg-8-1453-2011},\n journal = {Biogeosciences},\n number = {6},\n keywords = {FR_HES,FR_LBR}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Comparison of seasonal variations in water-use efficiency calculated from the carbon isotope composition of tree rings and flux data in a temperate forest.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Michelot, A.; Eglin, T.; Dufrêne, E.; Lelarge-Trouverie, C.; and Damesin, C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Plant, cell & environment, 34(2): 230-44. 2 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Comparison$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Comparison of seasonal variations in water-use efficiency calculated from the carbon isotope composition of tree rings and flux data in a temperate forest.},\n type = {article},\n year = {2011},\n keywords = {FR_FON},\n pages = {230-44},\n volume = {34},\n websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20955221},\n month = {2},\n id = {e1b9bcee-0bec-3d66-8d15-cd498f3a7a23},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:33.000Z},\n accessed = {2013-08-20},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Michelot2011b},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Tree-ring δ(13) C is often interpreted in terms of intrinsic water-use efficiency (WUE) using a carbon isotope discrimination model established at the leaf level. We examined whether intra-ring δ(13) C could be used to assess variations in intrinsic WUE (W(g), the ratio of carbon assimilation and stomatal conductance to water) and variations in ecosystem WUE (W(t) , the ratio of C assimilation and transpiration) at a seasonal scale. Intra-ring δ(13) C was measured in 30- to 60-µm-thick slices in eight oak trees (Quercus petraea). Canopy W(g) was simulated using a physiologically process-based model. High between-tree variability was observed in the seasonal variations of intra-ring δ(13) C. Six trees showed significant positive correlations between W(g) calculated from intra-ring δ(13) C and canopy W(g) averaged over several days during latewood formation. These results suggest that latewood is a seasonal recorder of W(g) trends, with a temporal lag corresponding to the mixing time of sugars in the phloem. These six trees also showed significant negative correlations between photosynthetic discrimination Δ calculated from intra-ring δ(13) C, and ecosystem W(t), during latewood formation. Despite the observed between-tree variability, these results indicate that intra-ring δ(13) C can be used to access seasonal variations in past W(t).},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Michelot, Alice and Eglin, Thomas and Dufrêne, Eric and Lelarge-Trouverie, Caroline and Damesin, Claire},\n doi = {10.1111/j.1365-3040.2010.02238.x},\n journal = {Plant, cell & environment},\n number = {2}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n In situ assessment of the velocity of carbon transfer by tracing 13C in trunk CO2 efflux after pulse labelling: Variations among tree species and seasons.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Dannoura, M.; Maillard, P.; Fresneau, C.; Plain, C.; Berveiller, D.; Gerant, D.; Chipeaux, C.; Bosc, A.; Ngao, J.; Damesin, C.; Loustau, D.; and Epron, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n New Phytologist, 190(1): 181-192. 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {In situ assessment of the velocity of carbon transfer by tracing 13C in trunk CO2 efflux after pulse labelling: Variations among tree species and seasons},\n type = {article},\n year = {2011},\n keywords = {FR_FON,FR_LBR},\n pages = {181-192},\n volume = {190},\n id = {6710de91-a95f-3911-8f4d-361c6dc1e541},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:33.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Dannoura2011a},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {• Phloem is the main pathway for transferring photosynthates belowground. In situ(13) C pulse labelling of trees 8-10 m tall was conducted in the field on 10 beech (Fagus sylvatica) trees, six sessile oak (Quercus petraea) trees and 10 maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) trees throughout the growing season. • Respired (13) CO2 from trunks was tracked at different heights using tunable diode laser absorption spectrometry to determine time lags and the velocity of carbon transfer (V). The isotope composition of phloem extracts was measured on several occasions after labelling and used to estimate the rate constant of phloem sap outflux (kP ). • Pulse labelling together with high-frequency measurement of the isotope composition of trunk CO2 efflux is a promising tool for studying phloem transport in the field. Seasonal variability in V was predicted in pine and oak by bivariate linear regressions with air temperature and soil water content. V differed among the three species consistently with known differences in phloem anatomy between broadleaf and coniferous trees. • V increased with tree diameter in oak and beech, reflecting a nonlinear increase in volumetric flow with increasing bark cross-sectional area, which suggests changes in allocation pattern with tree diameter in broadleaf species. Discrepancies between V and kP indicate vertical changes in functional phloem properties.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Dannoura, Masako and Maillard, Pascale and Fresneau, Chantal and Plain, Caroline and Berveiller, Daniel and Gerant, Dominique and Chipeaux, Christophe and Bosc, Alexandre and Ngao, Jérôme and Damesin, Claire and Loustau, Denis and Epron, Daniel},\n doi = {10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03599.x},\n journal = {New Phytologist},\n number = {1}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Development of the pasture simulation model for assessing livestock production under climate change.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Graux, a., I.; Gaurut, M.; Agabriel, J.; Baumont, R.; Delagarde, R.; Delaby, L.; and Soussana, J., F.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 144(1): 69-91. 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Development$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Development of the pasture simulation model for assessing livestock production under climate change},\n type = {article},\n year = {2011},\n keywords = {FR_LQ1},\n pages = {69-91},\n volume = {144},\n websites = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2011.07.001},\n publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},\n id = {2013fa62-2bc7-352a-a72c-093205421801},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:33.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Graux2011a},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {To simulate climate change impacts on pastures and domestic herbivores as well as feedbacks to the atmosphere in terms of greenhouse gas emissions, we have improved a process-based biogeochemical pasture model, PaSim. The overall aim was to simulate the meat and milk production of cattle (suckler cows with their calves, dairy cows and heifers) in response to climate and management, as well as feedbacks to the atmosphere through enteric methane emissions. Herbage intake at grazing was calculated from animal characteristics, herbage availability, diet digestibility and air temperature. With suckler cows, milk production and changes in daily liveweight and body condition were calculated from net energy balance. The net energy intake of dairy cows and their body reserves at turnout to pasture were used to simulate milk production at pasture, daily liveweight and body condition changes, taking into account cow energy requirements and intake capacity. Heifer growth was determined from heifer net energy intake and liveweight. Net energy intake was used to assess enteric methane production through a conversion factor, which depends both on the energy level of the diet and on the herbivore type. The model was assessed against experimental data for animal performance and methane emissions at grazing. Predictions show good agreement with observations. On average, the root mean square error was 6.5, 4 and 2.5% for the liveweights of suckler cows, suckler calves and heifers, respectively, 18% for dairy milk production and 12% for enteric methane emissions. By comparing this new version of the PaSim model to the previous version, we show that a greater accuracy in animal performance modelling improves the sensitivity of the model to interannual climate variability. However, long term (30 years) projections of climate change impacts on grasslands and of radiative feedbacks to the atmosphere are not significantly modified. The originality and the validity domain of the model are discussed. ?? 2011 Elsevier B.V.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Graux, a. I. and Gaurut, M. and Agabriel, J. and Baumont, R. and Delagarde, R. and Delaby, L. and Soussana, J. F.},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agee.2011.07.001},\n journal = {Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment},\n number = {1}\n}

\n\n\n

\n To simulate climate change impacts on pastures and domestic herbivores as well as feedbacks to the atmosphere in terms of greenhouse gas emissions, we have improved a process-based biogeochemical pasture model, PaSim. The overall aim was to simulate the meat and milk production of cattle (suckler cows with their calves, dairy cows and heifers) in response to climate and management, as well as feedbacks to the atmosphere through enteric methane emissions. Herbage intake at grazing was calculated from animal characteristics, herbage availability, diet digestibility and air temperature. With suckler cows, milk production and changes in daily liveweight and body condition were calculated from net energy balance. The net energy intake of dairy cows and their body reserves at turnout to pasture were used to simulate milk production at pasture, daily liveweight and body condition changes, taking into account cow energy requirements and intake capacity. Heifer growth was determined from heifer net energy intake and liveweight. Net energy intake was used to assess enteric methane production through a conversion factor, which depends both on the energy level of the diet and on the herbivore type. The model was assessed against experimental data for animal performance and methane emissions at grazing. Predictions show good agreement with observations. On average, the root mean square error was 6.5, 4 and 2.5% for the liveweights of suckler cows, suckler calves and heifers, respectively, 18% for dairy milk production and 12% for enteric methane emissions. By comparing this new version of the PaSim model to the previous version, we show that a greater accuracy in animal performance modelling improves the sensitivity of the model to interannual climate variability. However, long term (30 years) projections of climate change impacts on grasslands and of radiative feedbacks to the atmosphere are not significantly modified. The originality and the validity domain of the model are discussed. ?? 2011 Elsevier B.V.\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n How accurately can soil organic carbon stocks and stock changes be quantified by soil inventories?.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Schrumpf, M.; Schulze, E., D.; Kaiser, K.; and Schumacher, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeosciences, 8(5): 1193-1212. 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {How accurately can soil organic carbon stocks and stock changes be quantified by soil inventories?},\n type = {article},\n year = {2011},\n pages = {1193-1212},\n volume = {8},\n id = {d695fa55-ea47-32e6-b0f7-62275add5315},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:33.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-05-15T20:43:14.358Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Schrumpf2011a},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Precise determination of changes in organic car- bon (OC) stocks is prerequisite to understand the role of soils in the global cycling of carbon and to verify changes in stocks due to management. A large dataset was collected to form base to repeated soil inventories at 12 CarboEurope sites under different climate and land-use, and with differ- ent soil types. Concentration of OC, bulk density (BD), and fine earth fraction were determined to 60cm depth at 100 sampling points per site. We investigated (1) time needed to detect changes in soil OC, assuming future re-sampling of 100 cores; (2) the contribution of different sources of uncer- tainties to OC stocks; (3) the effect of OC stock calculation on mass rather than volume base for change detection; and (4) the potential use of pedotransfer functions (PTF) for esti- mating BD in repeated inventories. The period of time needed for soil OC stocks to change strongly enough to be detectable depends on the spatial vari- ability of soil properties, the depth increment considered, and the rate of change. Cropland sites, having small spatial vari- ability, had lower minimum detectable differences (MDD) with 100 sampling points (105±28gCm−2 for the upper 10cm of the soil) than grassland and forest sites (206±64 and 246±64gCm−2 for 0–10cm, respectively). Expected general trends in soil OC indicate that changes could be de- tectable after 2–15 yr with 100 samples if changes occurred in the upper 10cm of stone-poor soils. Error propagation analyses showed that in undisturbed soils with lowstone con- tents, OC concentrations contributed most to OC stock vari- ability while BD and fine earth fraction were more impor- tant in upper soil layers of croplands and in stone rich soils. Though the calculation of OC stocks based on equivalent soil masses slightly decreases the chance to detect changes with time at most sites except for the croplands, it is still recommended to account for changing bulk densities with time. Application of PTF for the estimation of bulk densities caused considerable underestimation of total variances ofOC stocks if the error associated with the PTF was not accounted for, which rarely is done in soil inventories. Direct measure- ment of all relevant parameters approximately every 10 yr is recommended for repeated soil OC inventories.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Schrumpf, Marion and Schulze, E. D. and Kaiser, K. and Schumacher, J.},\n doi = {10.5194/bg-8-1193-2011},\n journal = {Biogeosciences},\n number = {5},\n keywords = {FR_GRI,FR_HES,FR_LBR,FR_LQ1}\n}

\n\n\n

\n Precise determination of changes in organic car- bon (OC) stocks is prerequisite to understand the role of soils in the global cycling of carbon and to verify changes in stocks due to management. A large dataset was collected to form base to repeated soil inventories at 12 CarboEurope sites under different climate and land-use, and with differ- ent soil types. Concentration of OC, bulk density (BD), and fine earth fraction were determined to 60cm depth at 100 sampling points per site. We investigated (1) time needed to detect changes in soil OC, assuming future re-sampling of 100 cores; (2) the contribution of different sources of uncer- tainties to OC stocks; (3) the effect of OC stock calculation on mass rather than volume base for change detection; and (4) the potential use of pedotransfer functions (PTF) for esti- mating BD in repeated inventories. The period of time needed for soil OC stocks to change strongly enough to be detectable depends on the spatial vari- ability of soil properties, the depth increment considered, and the rate of change. Cropland sites, having small spatial vari- ability, had lower minimum detectable differences (MDD) with 100 sampling points (105±28gCm−2 for the upper 10cm of the soil) than grassland and forest sites (206±64 and 246±64gCm−2 for 0–10cm, respectively). Expected general trends in soil OC indicate that changes could be de- tectable after 2–15 yr with 100 samples if changes occurred in the upper 10cm of stone-poor soils. Error propagation analyses showed that in undisturbed soils with lowstone con- tents, OC concentrations contributed most to OC stock vari- ability while BD and fine earth fraction were more impor- tant in upper soil layers of croplands and in stone rich soils. Though the calculation of OC stocks based on equivalent soil masses slightly decreases the chance to detect changes with time at most sites except for the croplands, it is still recommended to account for changing bulk densities with time. Application of PTF for the estimation of bulk densities caused considerable underestimation of total variances ofOC stocks if the error associated with the PTF was not accounted for, which rarely is done in soil inventories. Direct measure- ment of all relevant parameters approximately every 10 yr is recommended for repeated soil OC inventories.\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Assessing parameter variability in a photosynthesis model within and between plant functional types using global Fluxnet eddy covariance data.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Groenendijk, M.; Dolman, a., J.; van der Molen, M.; Leuning, R.; Arneth, A.; Delpierre, N.; Gash, J.; Lindroth, A.; Richardson, A., D.; Verbeeck, H.; and Wohlfahrt, G.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 151(1): 22-38. 1 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Assessing$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Assessing parameter variability in a photosynthesis model within and between plant functional types using global Fluxnet eddy covariance data},\n type = {article},\n year = {2011},\n keywords = {FR_FON,FR_LBR,FR_LQ1,FR_LQ2,GF_GUY},\n pages = {22-38},\n volume = {151},\n websites = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0168192310002273},\n month = {1},\n publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},\n id = {ed14319c-9b10-3bd1-9fb2-1a518ca925b6},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:34.000Z},\n accessed = {2010-11-21},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Groenendijk2011c},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Groenendijk, Margriet and Dolman, a.J. J. and van der Molen, M.K. and Leuning, Ray and Arneth, Almut and Delpierre, Nicolas and Gash, J.H.C. and Lindroth, Anders and Richardson, Andrew D. and Verbeeck, Hans and Wohlfahrt, G.},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agrformet.2010.08.013},\n journal = {Agricultural and Forest Meteorology},\n number = {1}\n}

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\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Long-term impacts of agricultural practices and climatic variability on carbon storage in a permanent pasture.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Klumpp, K.; Tallec, T.; Guix, N.; and Soussana, J., F.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global Change Biology, 17(12): 3534-3545. 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Long-term$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Long-term impacts of agricultural practices and climatic variability on carbon storage in a permanent pasture},\n type = {article},\n year = {2011},\n keywords = {FR_LQ1},\n pages = {3534-3545},\n volume = {17},\n websites = {<Go to ISI>://WOS:000296710600003},\n id = {d65a6658-5075-3193-b65b-03389eff0a40},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:34.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Klumpp2011c},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Intra- and interannual variability of precipitation can lead to major modifications of grassland production and carbon storage capacity. Greater understanding of how climatic variability affects net CO(2) exchange [i.e. net ecosystem exchange (NEE)] of grazed grasslands is important to adapt grassland management and reduce risks of carbon losses. Since 2002, we continuously measured NEE (i.e. eddy covariance technique) on an upland grassland site (7 ha), divided in two paddocks grazed by heifers (intensive: 1 LSU ha(-1) yr(-1), 213 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1) and extensive: 0.5 LSU ha(-1) yr(-1), no fertilization). For years with dry and warm growing seasons (i.e. 2003, 2005 and 2008), absolute annual NEE was higher in the intensive paddock compared with the extensive paddock. The opposite was observed during years of ample seasonal rainfall and soil moisture (i.e. 2004, 2006 and 2007). Contrasted management led to two distinct plant communities being different in leaf area index (LAI), soil bulk density and soil water holding capacity. Differences in annual NEEs could thus be assigned to interactions between in carbon and water fluxes during dry and wet growth periods. Dry growth periods led to a reduction in weekly gross primary productivity (GPP) in the extensively managed paddock, whereas the GPP was maintained in the intensive paddock. In turn, during wet growth periods, GPP was similar in both paddocks, whereas N amendment and frequent defoliation significantly increased ecosystem respiration in the intensive paddock, presumably through a higher heterotrophic respiration following on a better C substrate quality and availability (rhizodeposition and senescent fine roots). In the extensive paddock, where plant cover was denser (reducing soil temperature) and less decomposable, C losses through heterotrophic respiration were comparatively smaller under wet conditions. Our results demonstrate that grassland subjected to a moderately intensive management could be more resilient in terms of carbon storage during drought and heat waves, presumably because of a trade-off between heterotrophic and autotrophic respiration.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Klumpp, Katja and Tallec, T and Guix, N and Soussana, J F},\n doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02490.x},\n journal = {Global Change Biology},\n number = {12}\n}

\n\n\n

\n Intra- and interannual variability of precipitation can lead to major modifications of grassland production and carbon storage capacity. Greater understanding of how climatic variability affects net CO(2) exchange [i.e. net ecosystem exchange (NEE)] of grazed grasslands is important to adapt grassland management and reduce risks of carbon losses. Since 2002, we continuously measured NEE (i.e. eddy covariance technique) on an upland grassland site (7 ha), divided in two paddocks grazed by heifers (intensive: 1 LSU ha(-1) yr(-1), 213 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1) and extensive: 0.5 LSU ha(-1) yr(-1), no fertilization). For years with dry and warm growing seasons (i.e. 2003, 2005 and 2008), absolute annual NEE was higher in the intensive paddock compared with the extensive paddock. The opposite was observed during years of ample seasonal rainfall and soil moisture (i.e. 2004, 2006 and 2007). Contrasted management led to two distinct plant communities being different in leaf area index (LAI), soil bulk density and soil water holding capacity. Differences in annual NEEs could thus be assigned to interactions between in carbon and water fluxes during dry and wet growth periods. Dry growth periods led to a reduction in weekly gross primary productivity (GPP) in the extensively managed paddock, whereas the GPP was maintained in the intensive paddock. In turn, during wet growth periods, GPP was similar in both paddocks, whereas N amendment and frequent defoliation significantly increased ecosystem respiration in the intensive paddock, presumably through a higher heterotrophic respiration following on a better C substrate quality and availability (rhizodeposition and senescent fine roots). In the extensive paddock, where plant cover was denser (reducing soil temperature) and less decomposable, C losses through heterotrophic respiration were comparatively smaller under wet conditions. Our results demonstrate that grassland subjected to a moderately intensive management could be more resilient in terms of carbon storage during drought and heat waves, presumably because of a trade-off between heterotrophic and autotrophic respiration.\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Seasonal variations of belowground carbon transfer assessed by in situ 13CO2 pulse labelling of trees.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Epron, D.; Ngao, J.; Dannoura, M.; Bakker, M., R.; Zeller, B.; Bazot, S.; Bosc, A.; Plain, C.; Lata, J., C.; Priault, P.; Barthes, L.; and Loustau, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeosciences, 8(5): 1153-1168. 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Seasonal variations of belowground carbon transfer assessed by in situ 13CO2 pulse labelling of trees},\n type = {article},\n year = {2011},\n pages = {1153-1168},\n volume = {8},\n id = {38abd4a1-2aba-3e06-b093-c340f384f91c},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:34.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Epron2011},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Soil CO2 efflux is the main source of CO2 from forest ecosystems and it is tightly coupled to the transfer of recent photosynthetic assimilates belowground and their metabolism in roots, mycorrhiza and rhizosphere microor- ganisms feeding on root-derived exudates. The objective of our study was to assess patterns of belowground carbon allo- cation among tree species and along seasons. Pure 13CO2 pulse labelling of the entire crown of three different tree species (beech, oak and pine) was carried out at distinct phe- nological stages. Excess 13C in soil CO2 efflux was tracked using tuneable diode laser absorption spectrometry to deter- mine time lags between the start of the labelling and the ap- pearance of 13C in soil CO2 efflux and the amount of 13C allocated to soil CO2 efflux. Isotope composition (δ13C) of CO2 respired by fine roots and soil microbeswas measured at several occasions after labelling, together with δ13C of bulk root tissue and microbial carbon. Time lags ranged from 0.5 to 1.3 days in beech and oak and were longer in pine (1.6–2.7 days during the active growing season,more than 4 days dur- ing the resting season), and the transfer of C to the microbial biomasswas as fast as to the fine roots. The amount of 13Cal- located to soil CO2 effluxwas estimated from a compartment model. It varied between 1 and 21%of the amount of 13CO2 taken up by the crown, depending on the species and the sea- son. While rainfall exclusion that moderately decreased soil water content did not affect the pattern of carbon allocation to soil CO2 efflux in beech, seasonal patterns of carbon allo- cation belowground differed markedly between species, with pronounced seasonal variations in pine and beech. In beech, it may reflect competition with the strength of other sinks (aboveground growth in late spring and storage in late sum- mer) that were not observed in oak. We report a fast transfer of recent photosynthates to the mycorhizosphere and we con- clude that the patterns of carbon allocation belowground are species specific and change seasonally according to the phe- nology of the species.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Epron, Daniel and Ngao, J. and Dannoura, M. and Bakker, M. R. and Zeller, B. and Bazot, S. and Bosc, Alexandre and Plain, C. and Lata, J. C. and Priault, P. and Barthes, L. and Loustau, Denis},\n doi = {10.5194/bg-8-1153-2011},\n journal = {Biogeosciences},\n number = {5},\n keywords = {FR_FON}\n}

\n\n\n

\n Soil CO2 efflux is the main source of CO2 from forest ecosystems and it is tightly coupled to the transfer of recent photosynthetic assimilates belowground and their metabolism in roots, mycorrhiza and rhizosphere microor- ganisms feeding on root-derived exudates. The objective of our study was to assess patterns of belowground carbon allo- cation among tree species and along seasons. Pure 13CO2 pulse labelling of the entire crown of three different tree species (beech, oak and pine) was carried out at distinct phe- nological stages. Excess 13C in soil CO2 efflux was tracked using tuneable diode laser absorption spectrometry to deter- mine time lags between the start of the labelling and the ap- pearance of 13C in soil CO2 efflux and the amount of 13C allocated to soil CO2 efflux. Isotope composition (δ13C) of CO2 respired by fine roots and soil microbeswas measured at several occasions after labelling, together with δ13C of bulk root tissue and microbial carbon. Time lags ranged from 0.5 to 1.3 days in beech and oak and were longer in pine (1.6–2.7 days during the active growing season,more than 4 days dur- ing the resting season), and the transfer of C to the microbial biomasswas as fast as to the fine roots. The amount of 13Cal- located to soil CO2 effluxwas estimated from a compartment model. It varied between 1 and 21%of the amount of 13CO2 taken up by the crown, depending on the species and the sea- son. While rainfall exclusion that moderately decreased soil water content did not affect the pattern of carbon allocation to soil CO2 efflux in beech, seasonal patterns of carbon allo- cation belowground differed markedly between species, with pronounced seasonal variations in pine and beech. In beech, it may reflect competition with the strength of other sinks (aboveground growth in late spring and storage in late sum- mer) that were not observed in oak. We report a fast transfer of recent photosynthates to the mycorhizosphere and we con- clude that the patterns of carbon allocation belowground are species specific and change seasonally according to the phe- nology of the species.\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Temporal variability of the NPP-GPP ratio at seasonal and interannual time scales in a temperate beech forest.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Campioli, M.; Gielen, B.; Göckede, M.; Papale, D.; Bouriaud, O.; and Granier, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeosciences, 8(9): 2481-2492. 9 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Temporal$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Temporal variability of the NPP-GPP ratio at seasonal and interannual time scales in a temperate beech forest},\n type = {article},\n year = {2011},\n pages = {2481-2492},\n volume = {8},\n websites = {http://www.biogeosciences.net/8/2481/2011/},\n month = {9},\n day = {6},\n id = {34753db9-fe91-35c4-9268-151cdffaa076},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:34.000Z},\n accessed = {2011-09-09},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Campioli2011c},\n notes = {<b>From Duplicate 1 (<i>Temporal variability of the NPP-GPP ratio at seasonal and interannual time scales in a temperate beech forest</i> - Campioli, Matteo; Gielen, B.; Göckede, M.; Papale, D.; Bouriaud, O.; Granier, André)<br/></b><br/><b>From Duplicate 1 (<i>Temporal variability of the NPP-GPP ratio at seasonal and interannual time scales in a temperate beech forest</i> - Campioli, Matteo; Gielen, B.; Göckede, M.; Papale, D.; Bouriaud, O.; Granier, André)<br/></b><br/><b>From Duplicate 1 ( </b><br/><b><br/><i>Temporal variability of the NPP-GPP ratio at seasonal and interannual time scales in a temperate beech forest</i><br/></b><br/><b>- Campioli, M.; Gielen, B.; Göckede, M.; Papale, D.; Bouriaud, O.; Granier, André )<br/><br/></b><br/><br/><b>From Duplicate 2 (<i>Temporal variability of the NPP-GPP ratio at seasonal and interannual time scales in a temperate beech forest</i> - Campioli, M.; Gielen, B.; Göckede, M.; Papale, D.; Bouriaud, O.; Granier, André)<br/></b><br/><b>From Duplicate 1 ( </b><br/><b><br/><i>Temporal variability of the NPP-GPP ratio at seasonal and interannual time scales in a temperate beech forest</i><br/></b><br/><b>- Campioli, M.; Gielen, B.; Göckede, M.; Papale, D.; Bouriaud, O.; Granier, André )<br/><br/></b>},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Campioli, Matteo and Gielen, B. and Göckede, M. and Papale, D. and Bouriaud, O. and Granier, André},\n doi = {10.5194/bg-8-2481-2011},\n journal = {Biogeosciences},\n number = {9},\n keywords = {FR_HES}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Seasonal dynamics of the bacterial community in forest soils under different quantities of leaf litter.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Chemidlin Prevost-Boure, N.; Maron, P.; Ranjard, L.; Nowak, V.; Dufrene, E.; Damesin, C.; Soudani, K.; Lata, J.; Dufrêne, E.; Damesin, C.; Soudani, K.; and Lata, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Applied Soil Ecology, 47(1): 14-23. 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Seasonal$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Seasonal dynamics of the bacterial community in forest soils under different quantities of leaf litter},\n type = {article},\n year = {2011},\n pages = {14-23},\n volume = {47},\n websites = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.11.006},\n publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},\n id = {ff1340d8-4dfc-3a29-9fe7-588b40103496},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:34.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {ChemidlinPrevost-Boure2011a},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Soil microbial communities play an important role in soil carbon functioning, particularly in forest ecosystems. Their variation in response to climate change may affect soil carbon processes, highlighting the importance of understanding how environmental factors affect microbial communities. This study aimed to determine to what extent an increase in the quantity of fresh litter may affect heterotrophic mineralization of organic carbon and bacterial community structure in soil and litter. A litter manipulation experiment was performed in situ in a temperate deciduous forest. Three treatments of fresh litter inputs were considered: litter exclusion, natural conditions (control) and litter addition (twice the natural rate). Microbial and functional ecological approaches were combined to consider bacterial community structure in soil and litter using a molecular ﬁngerprinting technique, and measurement of soil respiration both in terms of efﬂux intensity and isotopic composition of respired CO2 (natural abundance) over one year. The quantity of fresh litter seemed to affect soil and litter bacterial community structure and to interact with soil temperature and moisture to determine the temporal variation in the bacterial community on a month to season scale. In addition, this study highlighted the large temporal variability in soil and litter bacterial community structure and that this variability may affect our ability to relate bacterial community structure to respiration processes. This highlights the need for an intensive characterisation of the bacterial community structure to relate its variations to variations in soil respiration processe},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Chemidlin Prevost-Boure, Nicolas and Maron, Pierre-Alain and Ranjard, Lionel and Nowak, Virginie and Dufrene, Eric and Damesin, Claire and Soudani, Kamel and Lata, Jean-Christophe and Dufrêne, Eric and Damesin, Claire and Soudani, Kamel and Lata, Jean-Christophe},\n doi = {10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.11.006},\n journal = {Applied Soil Ecology},\n number = {1},\n keywords = {FR_FON}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n LES ECHANGES DE POLLUANTS GAZEUX ET PARTICULAIRES ENTRE LA SURFACE ET L’ATMOSPHERE A L’ECHELLE LOCALE.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Loubet, B.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Ph.D. Thesis, 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@phdthesis{\n title = {LES ECHANGES DE POLLUANTS GAZEUX ET PARTICULAIRES ENTRE LA SURFACE ET L’ATMOSPHERE A L’ECHELLE LOCALE},\n type = {phdthesis},\n year = {2011},\n id = {56612d2a-c70b-3604-9157-c1ae8fb6bccf},\n created = {2016-03-11T08:42:08.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {true},\n citation_key = {Loubet2011c},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {phdthesis},\n author = {Loubet, Benjamin}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Dissolved carbon leaching from soil is a crucial component of the net ecosystem carbon balance.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Kindler, R.; Siemens, J.; Kaiser, K.; Walmsley, D., C.; Bernhofer, C.; Buchmann, N.; Cellier, P.; Eugster, W.; Gleixner, G.; Grunwald, T.; Heim, A.; Ibrom, A.; Jones, S., K.; Jones, M.; Klumpp, K.; Kutsch, W.; Larsen, K., S.; Lehuger, S.; Loubet, B.; Mckenzie, R.; Moors, E., J.; Osborne, B.; Pilegaard, K.; Rebmann, C.; Saunders, M.; Schmidt, M., W., I.; Schrumpf, M.; Seyfferth, J.; Skiba, U.; Soussana, J., F.; Sutton, M., a.; Tefs, C.; Vowinckel, B.; Zeeman, M., J.; and Kaupenjohann, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global Change Biology, 17(2): 1167-1185. 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Dissolved carbon leaching from soil is a crucial component of the net ecosystem carbon balance},\n type = {article},\n year = {2011},\n keywords = {CH4,Carbon cycle,Carbon sequestration,DIC,DOC,Dissolved inorganic carbon,Dissolved organic carbon,Methane,Net biome productivity,Net ecosystem exchange},\n pages = {1167-1185},\n volume = {17},\n id = {ede3353e-4849-339d-9153-e8a9faecb4df},\n created = {2016-03-11T08:42:09.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2019-04-26T14:59:00.921Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Kindler2011},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Estimates of carbon leaching losses from different land use systems are few and their contribution to the net ecosystem carbon balance is uncertain.We investigated leaching of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), and dissolved methane (CH4), at forests, grasslands, and croplands across Europe. Biogenic contributions to DIC were estimated by means of its d13C signature. Leaching of biogenic DIC was 8.3?4.9 gm?2 yr?1 for forests, 24.1?7.2gm?2 yr?1 for grasslands, and 14.6?4.8gm?2 yr?1 for croplands. DOC leaching equalled 3.5?1.3 gm?2 yr?1 for forests, 5.3?2.0gm?2 yr?1 for grasslands, and 4.1?1.3gm?2 yr?1 for croplands. The average flux of total biogenic carbon across land use systems was 19.4?4.0gCm?2 yr?1. Production of DOC in topsoils was positively related to their C/N ratio and DOC retention in subsoils was inversely related to the ratio of organic carbon to iron plus aluminium (hydr)oxides. Partial pressures of CO2 in soil air and soil pH determined DIC concentrations and fluxes, but soil solutions were often supersaturated with DIC relative to soil airCO2. Leaching losses of biogenic carbon (DOC plus biogenic DIC) from grasslands equalled 5–98% (median: 22%) of net ecosystem exchange (NEE) plus carbon inputs with fertilization minus carbon removal with harvest. Carbon leaching increased the net losses from cropland soils by 24–105% (median: 25%). For the majority of forest sites, leaching hardly affected actual net ecosystem carbon balances because of the small solubility of CO2 in acidic forest soil solutions and large NEE. Leaching ofCH4 proved to be insignificant compared with other fluxes of carbon. Overall, our results show that leaching losses are particularly important for the carbon balance of agricultural systems.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Kindler, Reimo and Siemens, Jan and Kaiser, Klaus and Walmsley, David C. and Bernhofer, Christian and Buchmann, Nina and Cellier, Pierre and Eugster, Werner and Gleixner, Gerd and Grunwald, Thomas and Heim, Alexander and Ibrom, Andreas and Jones, Stephanie K. and Jones, Mike and Klumpp, Katja and Kutsch, Werner and Larsen, Klaus Steenberg and Lehuger, Simon and Loubet, Benjamin and Mckenzie, Rebecca and Moors, Eddy J. and Osborne, Bruce and Pilegaard, Kim and Rebmann, Corinna and Saunders, Matthew and Schmidt, Michael W I and Schrumpf, Marion and Seyfferth, Janine and Skiba, Ute and Soussana, Jean Francois and Sutton, Mark a. and Tefs, Cindy and Vowinckel, Bernhard and Zeeman, Matthias J. and Kaupenjohann, Martin},\n doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02282.x},\n journal = {Global Change Biology},\n number = {2}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Carbon, nitrogen and Greenhouse gases budgets over a four years crop rotation in northern France.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Loubet, B.; Laville, P.; Lehuger, S.; Larmanou, E.; Fléchard, C.; Mascher, N.; Genermont, S.; Roche, R.; Ferrara, R., M.; Stella, P.; Personne, E.; Durand, B.; Decuq, C.; Flura, D.; Masson, S.; Fanucci, O.; Rampon, J.; Siemens, J.; Kindler, R.; Gabrielle, B.; Schrumpf, M.; and Cellier, P.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Plant and Soil, 343(1-2): 109-137. 3 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Carbon,$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Carbon, nitrogen and Greenhouse gases budgets over a four years crop rotation in northern France},\n type = {article},\n year = {2011},\n pages = {109-137},\n volume = {343},\n websites = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11104-011-0751-9},\n month = {3},\n day = {25},\n id = {debc10d2-dbf6-32ac-8571-0df31b3238c6},\n created = {2016-03-16T13:17:39.000Z},\n accessed = {2014-10-17},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Loubet2011b},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Loubet, Benjamin and Laville, Patricia and Lehuger, Simon and Larmanou, Eric and Fléchard, Christophe and Mascher, Nicolas and Genermont, Sophie and Roche, Romain and Ferrara, Rossana M. and Stella, Patrick and Personne, Erwan and Durand, Brigitte and Decuq, Céline and Flura, Dominique and Masson, Sylvie and Fanucci, Olivier and Rampon, Jean-Noël and Siemens, Jan and Kindler, Reimo and Gabrielle, Benoit and Schrumpf, Marion and Cellier, Pierre},\n doi = {10.1007/s11104-011-0751-9},\n journal = {Plant and Soil},\n number = {1-2},\n keywords = {FR_GRI}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Impact of tropospheric ozone on the Euro-Mediterranean vegetation.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Anav, A.; Menut, L.; Khvorostyanov, D.; and Viovy, N.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global Change Biology, 17(7): 2342-2359. 12 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Impact$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Impact of tropospheric ozone on the Euro-Mediterranean vegetation},\n type = {article},\n year = {2011},\n keywords = {DK_SOR,DK_SOR,FR_HES,FR_HES},\n pages = {2342-2359},\n volume = {17},\n websites = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02387.x},\n month = {12},\n id = {a34b29f9-53bd-3196-bf0f-dfeac0245e7a},\n created = {2020-08-28T15:56:02.263Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-08-28T15:56:02.263Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Anav2010b},\n source_type = {article},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The impact of ozone (O3) on European vegetation is largely under-investigated, despite huge areas of Europe are exposed to high O3 levels and which are expected to increase in the next future. We studied the potential effects of O3 on photosynthesis and leaf area index (LAI) as well as the feedback between vegetation and atmospheric chemistry using a land surface model (ORCHIDEE) at high spatial resolution (30 km) coupled with a chemistry transport model (CHIMERE) for the whole year 2002. Our results show that the effect of tropospheric O3 on vegetation leads to a reduction in yearly gross primary production (GPP) of about 22% and a reduction in LAI of 15–20%. Larger impacts have been found during summer, when O3 reaches higher concentrations. During these months the maximum GPP decrease is up to 4 g C m−2 day−1, and the maximum LAI reduction is up to 0.7 m2 m−2. Since CHIMERE uses the LAI computed by ORCHIDEE to estimate the biogenic emissions, a LAI reduction may have severe implications on the simulated atmospheric chemistry. We found a large change in O3 precursors that however leads to small changes in tropospheric O3 concentration, while larger changes have been found for surface NO2 concentrations.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Anav, A. and Menut, L. and Khvorostyanov, D. and Viovy, N.},\n doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02387.x},\n journal = {Global Change Biology},\n number = {7}\n}

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\n \n 2010\n \n \n (22)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The net biome production of full crop rotations in Europe.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Kutsch, W., L.; Aubinet, M.; Buchmann, N.; Smith, P.; Osborne, B.; Eugster, W.; Wattenbach, M.; Schrumpf, M.; Schulze, E., D.; and Tomelleri, E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 139(3): 336-345. 11 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {The net biome production of full crop rotations in Europe},\n type = {article},\n year = {2010},\n keywords = {cbfr},\n pages = {336-345},\n volume = {139},\n websites = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0167880910002008},\n month = {11},\n publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},\n id = {546a99c8-6722-3374-9463-786f68d2c33e},\n created = {2015-05-29T09:26:58.000Z},\n accessed = {2010-12-09},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Kutsch2010},\n source_type = {article},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Kutsch, Werner L and Aubinet, Marc and Buchmann, N. and Smith, P. and Osborne, B and Eugster, W and Wattenbach, Martin and Schrumpf, M and Schulze, Ernst-Detlef D and Tomelleri, E},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agee.2010.07.016},\n journal = {Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment},\n number = {3}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The European carbon balance. Part 3: forests.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Luyssaert, S.; Ciais, P.; Piao, S.; Schulze, E.; Jung, M.; Zaehle, S.; Schelhaas, M., J.; Reichstein, M.; Churkina, G.; Papale, D.; Abril, G.; Beer, C.; Grace, J.; Loustau, D.; Matteucci, G.; Magnani, F.; Nabuurs, G., J.; Verbeeck, H.; Sulkava, M.; van Der WERF, G., R.; and Janssens, I., a.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global Change Biology, 16(5): 1429-1450. 5 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {The European carbon balance. Part 3: forests},\n type = {article},\n year = {2010},\n keywords = {paper_carbofrance},\n pages = {1429-1450},\n volume = {16},\n websites = {http://blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02056.x},\n month = {5},\n id = {782edf19-b536-3c37-940d-fc39999cdecd},\n created = {2015-05-29T10:02:36.000Z},\n accessed = {2010-07-28},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Luyssaert2010},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Luyssaert, Sebastiaan and Ciais, P. and Piao, Shilong and Schulze, Ernst-Detlef and Jung, Martin and Zaehle, Sönke and Schelhaas, M. J. and Reichstein, Markus and Churkina, Galina and Papale, Dario and Abril, G. and Beer, Christian and Grace, John and Loustau, Denis and Matteucci, Giorgio and Magnani, Federico and Nabuurs, G. J. and Verbeeck, Hans and Sulkava, M. and van Der WERF, G. R. and Janssens, Ivan a.},\n doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02056.x},\n journal = {Global Change Biology},\n number = {5}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Productivity, Respiration, and Light-Response Parameters of World Grassland and Agroecosystems Derived From Flux-Tower Measurements.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Gilmanov, T., G.; Aires, L.; Barcza, Z.; Baron, V., S.; Belelli, L.; Beringer, J.; Billesbach, D.; Bonal, D.; Bradford, J.; Ceschia, E.; Cook, D.; Corradi, C.; Frank, A.; Gianelle, D.; Gimeno, C.; Gruenwald, T.; Guo, H.; Hanan, N.; Haszpra, L.; Heilman, J.; Jacobs, A.; Jones, M., B.; Johnson, D., A.; Kiely, G.; Li, S.; Magliulo, V.; Moors, E., J.; Nagy, Z.; Nasyrov, M.; Owensby, C.; Pinter, K.; Pio, C.; Reichstein, M.; Sanz, M., J.; Scott, R.; Soussana, J., F.; Stoy, P., C.; Svejcar, T.; Tuba, Z.; and Zhou, G.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@misc{\n title = {Productivity, Respiration, and Light-Response Parameters of World Grassland and Agroecosystems Derived From Flux-Tower Measurements},\n type = {misc},\n year = {2010},\n source = {Rangeland Ecology & Management},\n pages = {16-39},\n volume = {63},\n issue = {1},\n id = {2de2b83a-2602-306d-aa61-9080f697a73a},\n created = {2015-05-29T13:13:19.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2019-04-26T14:59:01.123Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Gilmanov2010},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Grasslands and agroecosystems occupy one-third of the terrestrial area, but their contribution to the global carbon cycle remains uncertain. We used a set of 316 site-years of CO 2 exchange measurements to quantify gross primary productivity, respiration, and light-response parameters of grasslands, shrublands/savanna, wetlands, and cropland ecosystems worldwide. We analyzed data from 72 global flux-tower sites partitioned into gross photosynthesis and ecosystem respiration with the use of the light-response method (Gilmanov, T. G., D. A. Johnson, and N. Z. Saliendra. 2003. Growing season CO 2 fluxes in a sagebrush-steppe ecosystem in Idaho: Bowen ratio/energy balance measurements and modeling. Basic and Applied Ecology 4:167-183) from the RANGEFLUX and WORLDGRASSAGRIFLUX data sets supplemented by 46 sites from the FLUXNET La Thuile data set partitioned with the use of the temperature-response method (Reichstein, M., E. Falge, D. Baldocchi, D. Papale, R. Valentini, M. Aubinet, P. Berbigier, C. Bernhofer, N. Buchmann, M. Falk, T. Gilmanov, A. Granier, T. Grüwald, K. Havráková, D. Janous, A. Knohl, T. Laurela, A. Lohila, D. Loustau, G. Matteucci, T. Meyers, F. Miglietta, J. M. Ourcival, D. Perrin, J. Pumpanen, S. Rambal, E. Rotenberg, M. Sanz, J. Tenhunen, G. Seufert, F. Vaccari, T. Vesala, and D. Yakir. 2005. On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm. Global Change Biology 11:1424-1439). Maximum values of the quantum yield (α=75 mmol·mol -1), photosynthetic capacity (A max=3.4 mg CO 2·m -2·s -1), gross photosynthesis (P g,max=116 g CO 2·m -2·d -1), and ecological light-use efficiency (ε ecol=59 mmol·mol -1) of managed grasslands and high-production croplands exceeded those of most forest ecosystems, indicating the potential of nonforest ecosystems for uptake of atmospheric CO 2. Maximum values of gross primary production (8600 g CO 2·m -2·yr -1), total ecosystem respiration (7900 g CO 2·m -2· -1), and net CO 2 exchange (2400 g CO 2· -2· -1) were observed for intensively managed grasslands and high-yield crops, and are comparable to or higher than those for forest ecosystems, excluding some tropical forests. On average, 80% of the nonforest sites were apparent sinks for atmospheric CO 2, with mean net uptake of 700 g CO 2·m -2·yr -1 for intensive grasslands and 933 g CO 2· -2· -1 for croplands. However, part of these apparent sinks is accumulated in crops and forage, which are carbon pools that are harvested, transported, and decomposed off site. Therefore, although agricultural fields may be predominantly sinks for atmospheric CO 2, this does not imply that they are necessarily increasing their carbon stock. © 2010 Society for Range Management.},\n bibtype = {misc},\n author = {Gilmanov, Tagir G. and Aires, L. and Barcza, Z. and Baron, V. S. and Belelli, L. and Beringer, J. and Billesbach, D. and Bonal, Damien and Bradford, J. and Ceschia, Eric and Cook, D. and Corradi, C. and Frank, A. and Gianelle, D. and Gimeno, C. and Gruenwald, T. and Guo, Haiqiang and Hanan, N. and Haszpra, L. and Heilman, J. and Jacobs, A. and Jones, M. B. and Johnson, D. A. and Kiely, G. and Li, Shenggong and Magliulo, V. and Moors, Eddy J. and Nagy, Z. and Nasyrov, M. and Owensby, C. and Pinter, K. and Pio, C. and Reichstein, M. and Sanz, M. J. and Scott, R. and Soussana, J. F. and Stoy, P. C. and Svejcar, T. and Tuba, Z. and Zhou, Guangsheng},\n doi = {10.2111/REM-D-09-00072.1},\n keywords = {FR_GUY}\n}

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\n Grasslands and agroecosystems occupy one-third of the terrestrial area, but their contribution to the global carbon cycle remains uncertain. We used a set of 316 site-years of CO 2 exchange measurements to quantify gross primary productivity, respiration, and light-response parameters of grasslands, shrublands/savanna, wetlands, and cropland ecosystems worldwide. We analyzed data from 72 global flux-tower sites partitioned into gross photosynthesis and ecosystem respiration with the use of the light-response method (Gilmanov, T. G., D. A. Johnson, and N. Z. Saliendra. 2003. Growing season CO 2 fluxes in a sagebrush-steppe ecosystem in Idaho: Bowen ratio/energy balance measurements and modeling. Basic and Applied Ecology 4:167-183) from the RANGEFLUX and WORLDGRASSAGRIFLUX data sets supplemented by 46 sites from the FLUXNET La Thuile data set partitioned with the use of the temperature-response method (Reichstein, M., E. Falge, D. Baldocchi, D. Papale, R. Valentini, M. Aubinet, P. Berbigier, C. Bernhofer, N. Buchmann, M. Falk, T. Gilmanov, A. Granier, T. Grüwald, K. Havráková, D. Janous, A. Knohl, T. Laurela, A. Lohila, D. Loustau, G. Matteucci, T. Meyers, F. Miglietta, J. M. Ourcival, D. Perrin, J. Pumpanen, S. Rambal, E. Rotenberg, M. Sanz, J. Tenhunen, G. Seufert, F. Vaccari, T. Vesala, and D. Yakir. 2005. On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm. Global Change Biology 11:1424-1439). Maximum values of the quantum yield (α=75 mmol·mol -1), photosynthetic capacity (A max=3.4 mg CO 2·m -2·s -1), gross photosynthesis (P g,max=116 g CO 2·m -2·d -1), and ecological light-use efficiency (ε ecol=59 mmol·mol -1) of managed grasslands and high-production croplands exceeded those of most forest ecosystems, indicating the potential of nonforest ecosystems for uptake of atmospheric CO 2. Maximum values of gross primary production (8600 g CO 2·m -2·yr -1), total ecosystem respiration (7900 g CO 2·m -2· -1), and net CO 2 exchange (2400 g CO 2· -2· -1) were observed for intensively managed grasslands and high-yield crops, and are comparable to or higher than those for forest ecosystems, excluding some tropical forests. On average, 80% of the nonforest sites were apparent sinks for atmospheric CO 2, with mean net uptake of 700 g CO 2·m -2·yr -1 for intensive grasslands and 933 g CO 2· -2· -1 for croplands. However, part of these apparent sinks is accumulated in crops and forage, which are carbon pools that are harvested, transported, and decomposed off site. Therefore, although agricultural fields may be predominantly sinks for atmospheric CO 2, this does not imply that they are necessarily increasing their carbon stock. © 2010 Society for Range Management.\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Deciphering the components of regional net ecosystem fluxes following a bottom-up approach for the Iberian Peninsula.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Carvalhais, N.; Reichstein, M.; Collatz, G., J.; Mahecha, M., D.; Migliavacca, M.; Neigh, C., S., R.; Tomelleri, E.; Benali, a., a.; Papale, D.; and Seixas, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeosciences, 7(11): 3707-3729. 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Deciphering the components of regional net ecosystem fluxes following a bottom-up approach for the Iberian Peninsula},\n type = {article},\n year = {2010},\n pages = {3707-3729},\n volume = {7},\n id = {4975ef7b-e044-34e1-b170-c4c32b41871f},\n created = {2015-06-01T13:49:56.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2019-04-26T14:59:00.081Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Carvalhais2010},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Quantification of ecosystem carbon pools is a fundamental requirement for estimating carbon fluxes and for addressing the dynamics and responses of the terrestrial carbon cycle to environmental drivers. The initial estimates of carbon pools in terrestrial carbon cycle models often rely on the ecosystem steady state assumption, leading to initial equilibrium conditions. In this study, we investigate how trends and inter-annual variability of net ecosystem fluxes are affected by initial non-steady state conditions. Further, we examine how modeled ecosystem responses induced exclusively by the model drivers can be separated from the initial conditions. For this, the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach (CASA) model is optimized at set of European eddy covariance sites, which support the parameterization of regional simulations of ecosystem fluxes for the Iberian Peninsula, between 1982 and 2006. The presented analysis stands on a credible model performance for a set of sites, that represent generally well the plant functional types and selected descriptors of climate and phenology present in the Iberian region - except for a limited Northwestern area. The effects of initial conditions on inter-annual variability and on trends, results mostly from the recovery of pools to equilibrium conditions; which control most of the inter-annual variability (IAV) and both the magnitude and sign of most of the trends. However, by removing the time series of pure model recovery from the time series of the overall fluxes, we are able to retrieve estimates of interannual variability and trends in net ecosystem fluxes that are quasi-independent from the initial conditions. This approach reduced the sensitivity of the net fluxes to initial conditions from 47% and 174% to -3% and 7%, for strong initial sink and source conditions, respectively. With the aim to identify and improve understanding of the component fluxes that drive the observed trends, the net ecosystem production (NEP) trends are decomposed into net primary production (NPP) and heterotrophic respiration (R-H) trends. The majority (similar to 97%) of the positive trends in NEP is observed in regions where both NPP and RH fluxes show significant increases, although the magnitude of NPP trends is higher. Analogously, similar to 83% of the negative trends in NEP are also associated with negative trends in NPP. The spatial patterns of NPP trends are mainly explained by the trends in fAPAR (r = 0.79) and are only marginally explained by trends in temperature and water stress scalars (r = 0.10 and r = 0.25, respectively). Further, we observe the significant role of substrate availability (r = 0.25) and temperature (r = 0.23) in explaining the spatial patterns of trends in R-H. These results highlight the role of primary production in driving ecosystem fluxes. Overall, our study illustrates an approach for removing the confounding effects of initial conditions and emphasizes the need to decompose the ecosystem fluxes into its components and drivers for more mechanistic interpretations of modeling results. We expect that our results are not only specific for the CASA model since it incorporates concepts of ecosystem functioning and modeling assumptions common to biogeochemical models. A direct implication of these results is the ability of this approach to detect climate and phenology induced trends regardless of the initial conditions.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Carvalhais, Nuno and Reichstein, M. and Collatz, G. J. and Mahecha, M. D. and Migliavacca, Mirco and Neigh, C. S R and Tomelleri, E. and Benali, a. a. and Papale, D. and Seixas, J.},\n doi = {10.5194/bg-7-3707-2010},\n journal = {Biogeosciences},\n number = {11}\n}

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\n Quantification of ecosystem carbon pools is a fundamental requirement for estimating carbon fluxes and for addressing the dynamics and responses of the terrestrial carbon cycle to environmental drivers. The initial estimates of carbon pools in terrestrial carbon cycle models often rely on the ecosystem steady state assumption, leading to initial equilibrium conditions. In this study, we investigate how trends and inter-annual variability of net ecosystem fluxes are affected by initial non-steady state conditions. Further, we examine how modeled ecosystem responses induced exclusively by the model drivers can be separated from the initial conditions. For this, the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach (CASA) model is optimized at set of European eddy covariance sites, which support the parameterization of regional simulations of ecosystem fluxes for the Iberian Peninsula, between 1982 and 2006. The presented analysis stands on a credible model performance for a set of sites, that represent generally well the plant functional types and selected descriptors of climate and phenology present in the Iberian region - except for a limited Northwestern area. The effects of initial conditions on inter-annual variability and on trends, results mostly from the recovery of pools to equilibrium conditions; which control most of the inter-annual variability (IAV) and both the magnitude and sign of most of the trends. However, by removing the time series of pure model recovery from the time series of the overall fluxes, we are able to retrieve estimates of interannual variability and trends in net ecosystem fluxes that are quasi-independent from the initial conditions. This approach reduced the sensitivity of the net fluxes to initial conditions from 47% and 174% to -3% and 7%, for strong initial sink and source conditions, respectively. With the aim to identify and improve understanding of the component fluxes that drive the observed trends, the net ecosystem production (NEP) trends are decomposed into net primary production (NPP) and heterotrophic respiration (R-H) trends. The majority (similar to 97%) of the positive trends in NEP is observed in regions where both NPP and RH fluxes show significant increases, although the magnitude of NPP trends is higher. Analogously, similar to 83% of the negative trends in NEP are also associated with negative trends in NPP. The spatial patterns of NPP trends are mainly explained by the trends in fAPAR (r = 0.79) and are only marginally explained by trends in temperature and water stress scalars (r = 0.10 and r = 0.25, respectively). Further, we observe the significant role of substrate availability (r = 0.25) and temperature (r = 0.23) in explaining the spatial patterns of trends in R-H. These results highlight the role of primary production in driving ecosystem fluxes. Overall, our study illustrates an approach for removing the confounding effects of initial conditions and emphasizes the need to decompose the ecosystem fluxes into its components and drivers for more mechanistic interpretations of modeling results. We expect that our results are not only specific for the CASA model since it incorporates concepts of ecosystem functioning and modeling assumptions common to biogeochemical models. A direct implication of these results is the ability of this approach to detect climate and phenology induced trends regardless of the initial conditions.\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Impact of carbohydrate supply on stem growth, wood and respired CO 2 ??13C: Assessment by experimental girdling.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Maunoury-Danger, F.; Fresneau, C.; Eglin, T.; Berveiller, D.; Franois, C.; Lelarge-Trouverie, C.; and Damesin, C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Tree Physiology, 30(7): 818-830. 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Impact of carbohydrate supply on stem growth, wood and respired CO 2 ??13C: Assessment by experimental girdling},\n type = {article},\n year = {2010},\n keywords = {Quercus petraea,carbon isotope composition,leaf assimilates,reserve,stem respiration,tree ring},\n pages = {818-830},\n volume = {30},\n id = {252508c9-9f69-376a-8a21-a62afe211709},\n created = {2015-06-01T13:50:05.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Maunoury-Danger2010},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The present study examines the impact of the C source (reserves vs current assimilates) on tree C isotope signals and stem growth, using experimental girdling to stop the supply of C from leaves to stem. Two-year-old sessile oaks (Quercus petraea) were girdled at three different phenological periods during the leafy period: during early wood growth (Girdling Period 1), during late wood growth (Girdling Period 2) and just after growth cessation (Girdling Period 3). The measured variables included stem respiration rates, stem radial increment, delta(13)C of respired CO(2) and contents of starch and water-soluble fraction in stems (below the girdle) and leaves. Girdling stopped growth, even early in the growing season, leading to a decrease in stem CO(2) efflux (CO(2R)). Shift in substrate use from recently fixed carbohydrate to reserves (i.e., starch) induced (13)C enrichment of CO(2) respired by stem. However, change in substrate type was insufficient to explain alone all the observed CO(2R) delta(13)C variations, especially at the period corresponding to large growth rate of control trees. The below-girdle mass balance suggested that, during girdling periods, stem C was invested in metabolic pathways other than respiration and stem growth. After Girdling Period 1, the girdle healed and the effects of girdling on stem respiration were reversed. Stem growth restarted and total radial increment was similar to the control one, indicating that growth can be delayed when a stress event occurs early in the growth period. Concerning tree ring, seasonal shift in substrate use from reserves (i.e., starch) to recently fixed carbohydrate is sufficient to explain the observed (13)C depletion of tree ring during the early wood growth. However, the inter-tree intra-ring delta(13)C variability needs to be resolved in order to improve the interpretation of intra-seasonal ring signals in terms of climatic or ecophysiological information. This study highlighted, via carbohydrate availability effects, the importance of the characterization of stem metabolic pathways for a complete understanding of the delta(13)C signals.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Maunoury-Danger, Florence and Fresneau, Chantal and Eglin, Thomas and Berveiller, Daniel and Franois, Christophe and Lelarge-Trouverie, Caroline and Damesin, Claire},\n doi = {10.1093/treephys/tpq039},\n journal = {Tree Physiology},\n number = {7}\n}

\n\n\n

\n The present study examines the impact of the C source (reserves vs current assimilates) on tree C isotope signals and stem growth, using experimental girdling to stop the supply of C from leaves to stem. Two-year-old sessile oaks (Quercus petraea) were girdled at three different phenological periods during the leafy period: during early wood growth (Girdling Period 1), during late wood growth (Girdling Period 2) and just after growth cessation (Girdling Period 3). The measured variables included stem respiration rates, stem radial increment, delta(13)C of respired CO(2) and contents of starch and water-soluble fraction in stems (below the girdle) and leaves. Girdling stopped growth, even early in the growing season, leading to a decrease in stem CO(2) efflux (CO(2R)). Shift in substrate use from recently fixed carbohydrate to reserves (i.e., starch) induced (13)C enrichment of CO(2) respired by stem. However, change in substrate type was insufficient to explain alone all the observed CO(2R) delta(13)C variations, especially at the period corresponding to large growth rate of control trees. The below-girdle mass balance suggested that, during girdling periods, stem C was invested in metabolic pathways other than respiration and stem growth. After Girdling Period 1, the girdle healed and the effects of girdling on stem respiration were reversed. Stem growth restarted and total radial increment was similar to the control one, indicating that growth can be delayed when a stress event occurs early in the growth period. Concerning tree ring, seasonal shift in substrate use from reserves (i.e., starch) to recently fixed carbohydrate is sufficient to explain the observed (13)C depletion of tree ring during the early wood growth. However, the inter-tree intra-ring delta(13)C variability needs to be resolved in order to improve the interpretation of intra-seasonal ring signals in terms of climatic or ecophysiological information. This study highlighted, via carbohydrate availability effects, the importance of the characterization of stem metabolic pathways for a complete understanding of the delta(13)C signals.\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Linking intra-seasonal variations in climate and tree-ring ??13C: A functional modelling approach.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Eglin, T.; Francois, C.; Michelot, A.; Delpierre, N.; and Damesin, C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Ecological Modelling, 221(15): 1779-1797. 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Linking intra-seasonal variations in climate and tree-ring ??13C: A functional modelling approach},\n type = {article},\n year = {2010},\n keywords = {Intra-seasonal variation,Process-based model,Quercus petraea,Stable carbon isotope discrimination,Tree ring},\n pages = {1779-1797},\n volume = {221},\n id = {b1417798-60a9-357a-96e8-0b7c3b741e1c},\n created = {2015-06-01T13:50:05.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Eglin2010},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Stable carbon isotopic composition (??13C) in tree rings is a widely recognized tool for climate reconstruction, and several works suggest that seasonal information can be extracted from intra-ring ??13C variations. In this study, we explored the link between climate and intra-seasonal oak ring ??13C using a process-based modelling approach. The ISOCASTANEA model was developed to compute the seasonal dynamics of tree-ring ??13C for deciduous species from half-hourly climatic data by accounting for photosynthetic discrimination and carbon translocation and allocation at the tree scale and in tree rings. The model was applied from March 2005 to December 2007 in a 150-year-old deciduous oak forest. Canopy photosynthesis and stomatal conductance were calibrated using H2O and CO2 fluxes measured by the eddy flux technique, and simulated ??13C values were compared to seasonal patterns of total organic matter ??13C measured in tree rings for 2006 and 2007 at the same site. With the inclusion of carbon translocation and with regard to 13C enrichment of starch compared to soluble sugars, the model can reasonably simulate the intra-seasonal and inter-annual variability of tree-ring ??13C using the same parameter values for 2006 and 2007. The amplitude of the seasonal carbon isotope pattern in tree rings was influenced by both photosynthetic and post-photosynthetic processes (starch enrichment and reserve use). The ??13C variations in the early part of the ring, i.e., mainly in the earlywood, were related mostly to carbohydrate metabolism, although diluted information about environmental conditions during the previous year could also be found. The last part of the ring, consisting mainly of latewood, was found to be a good recorder of current-year environmental conditions, in particular relative humidity, at a fine temporal resolution when the growth rate was high. The sensitivity of the ??13C in the early part of the ring to carbohydrate metabolism suggests that intra-ring ??13C could be used to explore the relationship between tree decline or mortality and carbohydrate deficiency. ?? 2010 Elsevier B.V.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Eglin, Thomas and Francois, Christophe and Michelot, Alice and Delpierre, Nicolas and Damesin, Claire},\n doi = {10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2010.04.007},\n journal = {Ecological Modelling},\n number = {15}\n}

\n\n\n

\n Stable carbon isotopic composition (??13C) in tree rings is a widely recognized tool for climate reconstruction, and several works suggest that seasonal information can be extracted from intra-ring ??13C variations. In this study, we explored the link between climate and intra-seasonal oak ring ??13C using a process-based modelling approach. The ISOCASTANEA model was developed to compute the seasonal dynamics of tree-ring ??13C for deciduous species from half-hourly climatic data by accounting for photosynthetic discrimination and carbon translocation and allocation at the tree scale and in tree rings. The model was applied from March 2005 to December 2007 in a 150-year-old deciduous oak forest. Canopy photosynthesis and stomatal conductance were calibrated using H2O and CO2 fluxes measured by the eddy flux technique, and simulated ??13C values were compared to seasonal patterns of total organic matter ??13C measured in tree rings for 2006 and 2007 at the same site. With the inclusion of carbon translocation and with regard to 13C enrichment of starch compared to soluble sugars, the model can reasonably simulate the intra-seasonal and inter-annual variability of tree-ring ??13C using the same parameter values for 2006 and 2007. The amplitude of the seasonal carbon isotope pattern in tree rings was influenced by both photosynthetic and post-photosynthetic processes (starch enrichment and reserve use). The ??13C variations in the early part of the ring, i.e., mainly in the earlywood, were related mostly to carbohydrate metabolism, although diluted information about environmental conditions during the previous year could also be found. The last part of the ring, consisting mainly of latewood, was found to be a good recorder of current-year environmental conditions, in particular relative humidity, at a fine temporal resolution when the growth rate was high. The sensitivity of the ??13C in the early part of the ring to carbohydrate metabolism suggests that intra-ring ??13C could be used to explore the relationship between tree decline or mortality and carbohydrate deficiency. ?? 2010 Elsevier B.V.\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Diversity of drought related traits in mediterranean trees.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Huc, R.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@misc{\n title = {Diversity of drought related traits in mediterranean trees},\n type = {misc},\n year = {2010},\n id = {323ccfe2-1dcb-3bad-aff2-b457392a1c26},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:22.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Huc2010},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {misc},\n author = {Huc, Roland}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Influence of spring and autumn phenological transitions on forest ecosystem productivity.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Richardson, A., D.; Black, T., A.; Ciais, P.; Delbart, N.; Friedl, M., a.; Gobron, N.; Hollinger, D., Y.; Kutsch, W., L.; Longdoz, B.; Luyssaert, S.; Migliavacca, M.; Montagnani, L.; Munger, J., W.; Moors, E., J.; Piao, S.; Rebmann, C.; Reichstein, M.; Saigusa, N.; Tomelleri, E.; Vargas, R.; and Varlagin, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences, 365(1555): 3227-3246. 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Influence of spring and autumn phenological transitions on forest ecosystem productivity.},\n type = {article},\n year = {2010},\n pages = {3227-3246},\n volume = {365},\n id = {52172b79-eab8-3094-afa7-eec48fd852cd},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:28.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2019-04-26T14:58:59.935Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Richardson2010b},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {We use eddy covariance measurements of net ecosystem productivity (NEP) from 21 FLUXNET sites (153 site-years of data) to investigate relationships between phenology and productivity (in terms of both NEP and gross ecosystem photosynthesis, GEP) in temperate and boreal forests. Results are used to evaluate the plausibility of four different conceptual models. Phenological indicators were derived from the eddy covariance time series, and from remote sensing and models. We examine spatial patterns (across sites) and temporal patterns (across years); an important conclusion is that it is likely that neither of these accurately represents how productivity will respond to future phenological shifts resulting from ongoing climate change. In spring and autumn, increased GEP resulting from an 'extra' day tends to be offset by concurrent, but smaller, increases in ecosystem respiration, and thus the effect on NEP is still positive. Spring productivity anomalies appear to have carry-over effects that translate to productivity anomalies in the following autumn, but it is not clear that these result directly from phenological anomalies. Finally, the productivity of evergreen needleleaf forests is less sensitive to phenology than is productivity of deciduous broadleaf forests. This has implications for how climate change may drive shifts in competition within mixed-species stands.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Richardson, Andrew D and Black, T Andy and Ciais, Philippe and Delbart, Nicolas and Friedl, Mark a. and Gobron, Nadine and Hollinger, David Y and Kutsch, Werner L and Longdoz, Bernard and Luyssaert, Sebastiaan and Migliavacca, Mirco and Montagnani, Leonardo and Munger, J William and Moors, Eddy J. and Piao, Shilong and Rebmann, Corinna and Reichstein, Markus and Saigusa, Nobuko and Tomelleri, Enrico and Vargas, Rodrigo and Varlagin, Andrej},\n doi = {10.1098/rstb.2010.0102},\n journal = {Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences},\n number = {1555},\n keywords = {FR_HES}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Terrestrial Gross Carbon Dioxide Uptake: Global Distribution and Covariation with Climate.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Beer, C.; Reichstein, M.; Tomelleri, E.; Ciais, P.; Jung, M.; Carvalhais, N.; Rödenbeck, C.; Arain, M., A.; Baldocchi, D., D.; Bonan, G., B.; Bondeau, A.; Cescatti, A.; Lasslop, G.; Lindroth, A.; Lomas, M., R.; Luyssaert, S.; Margolis, H., a.; Oleson, K., W.; Roupsard, O.; Veenendaal, E.; Viovy, N.; Williams, C.; Woodward, F., I.; and Papale, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Science, 834(2010). 7 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Terrestrial$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Terrestrial Gross Carbon Dioxide Uptake: Global Distribution and Covariation with Climate.},\n type = {article},\n year = {2010},\n keywords = {FR_FON,FR_GRI,FR_HES,FR_LBR,FR_LQ1,FR_LQ2,FR_PUE,GF_GUY},\n volume = {834},\n websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20603496},\n month = {7},\n day = {5},\n id = {b3087541-a8c6-3883-b802-ebe566a43175},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:28.000Z},\n accessed = {2010-07-28},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Beer2010},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Terrestrial gross primary production (GPP) is the largest global CO(2) flux driving several ecosystem functions. We provide an observation-based estimate of this flux at 123 +/- 8 Pg C a(-1) using eddy covariance flux data and various diagnostic models. Tropical forests and savannahs account for 60%. GPP over 40% of the vegetated land is associated with precipitation. State-of-the-art process-oriented biosphere models used for climate predictions exhibit a large between-model variation of GPP's latitudinal patterns and show higher spatial correlations between GPP and precipitation, suggesting the existence of missing processes or feedback mechanisms which attenuate the vegetation response to climate. Our estimates of spatially distributed GPP and its covariation with climate can help improve coupled climate-carbon cycle process models.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Beer, Christian and Reichstein, Markus and Tomelleri, Enrico and Ciais, Philippe and Jung, Martin and Carvalhais, Nuno and Rödenbeck, Christian and Arain, M. Altaf and Baldocchi, Dennis D. and Bonan, Gordon B. and Bondeau, Alberte and Cescatti, Alessandro and Lasslop, Gitta and Lindroth, Anders and Lomas, Mark R. and Luyssaert, Sebastiaan and Margolis, Hank a. and Oleson, Keith W. and Roupsard, Olivier and Veenendaal, Elmar and Viovy, Nicolas and Williams, Christopher and Woodward, F. Ian and Papale, Dario},\n doi = {10.1126/science.1184984},\n journal = {Science},\n number = {2010}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Global convergence in the temperature sensitivity of respiration at ecosystem level.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Mahecha, M., D.; Reichstein, M.; Carvalhais, N.; Lasslop, G.; Lange, H.; Seneviratne, S., I.; Vargas, R.; Ammann, C.; Arain, M., A.; Cescatti, A.; Janssens, I., a.; Migliavacca, M.; Montagnani, L.; and Richardson, A., D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Science (New York, N.Y.), 329: 838-40. 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Global$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Global convergence in the temperature sensitivity of respiration at ecosystem level.},\n type = {article},\n year = {2010},\n keywords = {FR_FON,FR_HES,GF_GUY},\n pages = {838-40},\n volume = {329},\n websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20603495},\n id = {e2505b4a-f1c4-3dc4-9b26-6182d7fd1703},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:28.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2019-04-26T14:59:00.273Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Mahecha2010d},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The respiratory release of carbon dioxide (CO(2)) from the land surface is a major flux in the global carbon cycle, antipodal to photosynthetic CO(2) uptake. Understanding the sensitivity of respiratory processes to temperature is central for quantifying the climate-carbon cycle feedback. We approximated the sensitivity of terrestrial ecosystem respiration to air temperature (Q(10)) across 60 FLUXNET sites with the use of a methodology that circumvents confounding effects. Contrary to previous findings, our results suggest that Q(10) is independent of mean annual temperature, does not differ among biomes, and is confined to values around 1.4 +/- 0.1. The strong relation between photosynthesis and respiration, by contrast, is highly variable among sites. The results may partly explain a less pronounced climate-carbon cycle feedback than suggested by current carbon cycle climate models.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Mahecha, Miguel D. and Reichstein, Markus and Carvalhais, Nuno and Lasslop, Gitta and Lange, Holger and Seneviratne, Sonia I and Vargas, Rodrigo and Ammann, Christof and Arain, M Altaf and Cescatti, Alessandro and Janssens, Ivan a and Migliavacca, Mirco and Montagnani, Leonardo and Richardson, Andrew D},\n doi = {10.1126/science.1189587},\n journal = {Science (New York, N.Y.)}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Soil water stress and coupled photosynthesis–conductance models: Bridging the gap between conflicting reports on the relative roles of stomatal, mesophyll conductance and biochemical limitations to photosynthesis.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Keenan, T.; Sabate, S.; and Gracia, C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 150(3): 443-453. 3 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Soil$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Soil water stress and coupled photosynthesis–conductance models: Bridging the gap between conflicting reports on the relative roles of stomatal, mesophyll conductance and biochemical limitations to photosynthesis},\n type = {article},\n year = {2010},\n keywords = {FR_PUE},\n pages = {443-453},\n volume = {150},\n websites = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0168192310000110},\n month = {3},\n id = {7e0b33e9-96d2-3906-b0a8-db8ed3f394b3},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:28.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Keenan2010e},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Keenan, Trevor and Sabate, Santi and Gracia, Carlos},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agrformet.2010.01.008},\n journal = {Agricultural and Forest Meteorology},\n number = {3}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The carbon balance of European croplands: A cross-site comparison of simulation models.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Wattenbach, M.; Sus, O.; Vuichard, N.; Lehuger, S.; Gottschalk, P.; Li, L.; Leip, A.; Williams, M.; Tomelleri, E.; Kutsch, W., L.; Buchmann, N.; Eugster, W.; Dietiker, D.; Aubinet, M.; Ceschia, E.; Béziat, P.; Grünwald, T.; Hastings, A.; Osborne, B.; Ciais, P.; Cellier, P.; and Smith, P.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 139(3): 419-453. 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {The carbon balance of European croplands: A cross-site comparison of simulation models},\n type = {article},\n year = {2010},\n keywords = {FR_AUR,FR_GRI},\n pages = {419-453},\n volume = {139},\n websites = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2010.08.004},\n publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},\n id = {d99f936f-99d7-3c17-89c4-20e3d353c121},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:29.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Wattenbach2010},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Croplands cover approximately 45% of Europe and play an important role in the overall carbon budget of the continent. However, the estimation of their carbon balance remains uncertain due to the diversity of crops and cropping systems together with the strong influence of human management. Here, we present a multi-site model comparison for four cropland ecosystem models namely the DNDC, ORCHIDEE-STICS, CERES-EGC and SPA models. We compare the accuracy of the models in predicting net ecosystem exchange (NEE), gross primary production (GPP), ecosystem respiration (Reco) as well as actual evapo-transpiration (ETa) for winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) derived from eddy covariance measurements on five sites along a gradient of climatic conditions from eastern to south-westerly Europe. The models are all able to simulate daily GPP. The simulation results for daily ETa and Reco are, however, less accurate. The resulting simulation of daily NEE is adequate except in some cases where models fail due to a lack in phase and amplitude alignment. ORCHIDEE-STICS and SPA show the best performance. Nevertheless, they are not able to simulate full crop rotations or the multiple management practices used. CERES-EGC, and especially DNDC, although exhibiting a lower level of model accuracy, are able to simulate such conditions, resulting in more accurate simulation of annual cumulative NEE. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Wattenbach, Martin and Sus, Oliver and Vuichard, Nicolas and Lehuger, Simon and Gottschalk, Pia and Li, Longhui and Leip, Adrian and Williams, Mathew and Tomelleri, Enrico and Kutsch, Werner Leo and Buchmann, Nina and Eugster, Werner and Dietiker, Dominique and Aubinet, Marc and Ceschia, Eric and Béziat, Pierre and Grünwald, Thomas and Hastings, Astley and Osborne, Bruce and Ciais, Philippe and Cellier, Pierre and Smith, Pete},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agee.2010.08.004},\n journal = {Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment},\n number = {3}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Comparing observations and process-based simulations of biosphere-atmosphere exchanges on multiple timescales.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Mahecha, M., D.; Reichstein, M.; Jung, M.; Seneviratne, S., I.; Zaehle, S.; Beer, C.; Braakhekke, M., C.; Carvalhais, N.; Lange, H.; Le Maire, G.; and Moors, E., J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Geophysical Research, 115(G2): 1-21. 4 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Comparing$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Comparing observations and process-based simulations of biosphere-atmosphere exchanges on multiple timescales},\n type = {article},\n year = {2010},\n pages = {1-21},\n volume = {115},\n websites = {http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2010/2009JG001016.shtml},\n month = {4},\n id = {da84f05a-54c0-3894-900b-c0839b6a3201},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:32.000Z},\n accessed = {2010-07-28},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2019-03-14T09:21:37.807Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {true},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Mahecha2010a},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Mahecha, Miguel D. and Reichstein, Markus and Jung, Martin and Seneviratne, Sonia I. and Zaehle, Sönke and Beer, Christian and Braakhekke, M. C. and Carvalhais, Nuno and Lange, Holger and Le Maire, G. and Moors, Eddy J.},\n doi = {10.1029/2009JG001016},\n journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research},\n number = {G2},\n keywords = {FR_PUE}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Management effects on net ecosystem carbon and GHG budgets at European crop sites.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Ceschia, E.; Béziat, P.; Dejoux, J., F.; Aubinet, M.; Bernhofer, C.; Bodson, B.; Buchmann, N.; Carrara, A.; Cellier, P.; Di Tommasi, P.; Elbers, J., a.; Eugster, W.; Grünwald, T.; Jacobs, C., M., J.; Jans, W., W., P.; Jones, M.; Kutsch, W.; Lanigan, G.; Magliulo, E.; Marloie, O.; Moors, E., J.; Moureaux, C.; Olioso, A.; Osborne, B.; Sanz, M., J.; Saunders, M.; Smith, P.; Soegaard, H.; and Wattenbach, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 139(3): 363-383. 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Management$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Management effects on net ecosystem carbon and GHG budgets at European crop sites},\n type = {article},\n year = {2010},\n keywords = {FR_AUR,FR_AVI,FR_GRI,FR_LAM},\n pages = {363-383},\n volume = {139},\n websites = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2010.09.020},\n publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},\n id = {944aaaeb-7145-3ce2-8880-9944858368f6},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:33.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2019-03-14T09:21:37.664Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Ceschia2010b},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The greenhouse gas budgets of 15 European crop sites covering a large climatic gradient and corresponding to 41 site-years were estimated. The sites included a wide range of management practices (organic and/or mineral fertilisation, tillage or ploughing, with or without straw removal, with or without irrigation, etc.) and were cultivated with 15 representative crop species common to Europe. At all sites, carbon inputs (organic fertilisation and seeds), carbon exports (harvest or fire) and net ecosystem production (NEP), measured with the eddy covariance technique, were calculated. The variability of the different terms and their relative contributions to the net ecosystem carbon budget (NECB) were analysed for all site-years, and the effect of management on NECB was assessed. To account for greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes that were not directly measured on site, we estimated the emissions caused by field operations (EFO) for each site using emission factors from the literature. The EFO were added to the NECB to calculate the total GHG budget (GHGB) for a range of cropping systems and management regimes. N2O emissions were calculated following the IPCC (2007) guidelines, and CH4 emissions were estimated from the literature for the rice crop site only. At the other sites, CH4 emissions/oxidation were assumed to be negligible compared to other contributions to the net GHGB. Finally, we evaluated crop efficiencies (CE) in relation to global warming potential as the ratio of C exported from the field (yield) to the total GHGB. On average, NEP was negative (-284±228gCm-2year-1), and most cropping systems behaved as atmospheric sinks, with sink strength generally increasing with the number of days of active vegetation. The NECB was, on average, 138±239gCm-2year-1, corresponding to an annual loss of about 2.6±4.5% of the soil organic C content, but with high uncertainty. Management strongly influenced the NECB, with organic fertilisation tending to lower the ecosystem carbon budget. On average, emissions caused by fertilisers (manufacturing, packaging, transport, storage and associated N2O emissions) represented close to 76% of EFO. The operation of machinery (use and maintenance) and the use of pesticides represented 9.7 and 1.6% of EFO, respectively. On average, the NEP (through uptake of CO2) represented 88% of the negative radiative forcing, and exported C represented 88% of the positive radiative forcing of a mean total GHGB of 203±253g C-eqm-2year-1. Finally, CE differed considerably among crops and according to management practices within a single crop. Because the CE was highly variable, it is not suitable at this stage for use as an emission factor for management recommendations, and more studies are needed to assess the effects of management on crop efficiency. © 2010.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Ceschia, Eric and Béziat, P. and Dejoux, J. F. and Aubinet, Marc and Bernhofer, C. and Bodson, B. and Buchmann, N. and Carrara, Arnaud and Cellier, P. and Di Tommasi, P. and Elbers, J. a. and Eugster, W. and Grünwald, T. and Jacobs, C. M J and Jans, W. W P and Jones, M. and Kutsch, W. and Lanigan, G. and Magliulo, E. and Marloie, O. and Moors, E. J. and Moureaux, C. and Olioso, A. and Osborne, B. and Sanz, M. J. and Saunders, M. and Smith, P. and Soegaard, H. and Wattenbach, Martin},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agee.2010.09.020},\n journal = {Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment},\n number = {3}\n}

\n\n\n

\n The greenhouse gas budgets of 15 European crop sites covering a large climatic gradient and corresponding to 41 site-years were estimated. The sites included a wide range of management practices (organic and/or mineral fertilisation, tillage or ploughing, with or without straw removal, with or without irrigation, etc.) and were cultivated with 15 representative crop species common to Europe. At all sites, carbon inputs (organic fertilisation and seeds), carbon exports (harvest or fire) and net ecosystem production (NEP), measured with the eddy covariance technique, were calculated. The variability of the different terms and their relative contributions to the net ecosystem carbon budget (NECB) were analysed for all site-years, and the effect of management on NECB was assessed. To account for greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes that were not directly measured on site, we estimated the emissions caused by field operations (EFO) for each site using emission factors from the literature. The EFO were added to the NECB to calculate the total GHG budget (GHGB) for a range of cropping systems and management regimes. N2O emissions were calculated following the IPCC (2007) guidelines, and CH4 emissions were estimated from the literature for the rice crop site only. At the other sites, CH4 emissions/oxidation were assumed to be negligible compared to other contributions to the net GHGB. Finally, we evaluated crop efficiencies (CE) in relation to global warming potential as the ratio of C exported from the field (yield) to the total GHGB. On average, NEP was negative (-284±228gCm-2year-1), and most cropping systems behaved as atmospheric sinks, with sink strength generally increasing with the number of days of active vegetation. The NECB was, on average, 138±239gCm-2year-1, corresponding to an annual loss of about 2.6±4.5% of the soil organic C content, but with high uncertainty. Management strongly influenced the NECB, with organic fertilisation tending to lower the ecosystem carbon budget. On average, emissions caused by fertilisers (manufacturing, packaging, transport, storage and associated N2O emissions) represented close to 76% of EFO. The operation of machinery (use and maintenance) and the use of pesticides represented 9.7 and 1.6% of EFO, respectively. On average, the NEP (through uptake of CO2) represented 88% of the negative radiative forcing, and exported C represented 88% of the positive radiative forcing of a mean total GHGB of 203±253g C-eqm-2year-1. Finally, CE differed considerably among crops and according to management practices within a single crop. Because the CE was highly variable, it is not suitable at this stage for use as an emission factor for management recommendations, and more studies are needed to assess the effects of management on crop efficiency. © 2010.\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and respiration using a light response curve approach: critical issues and global evaluation.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Lasslop, G.; Reichstein, M.; Papale, D.; Richardson, A., D.; Arneth, A.; Barr, A., G.; Stoy, P., C.; and Wohlfahrt, G.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global Change Biology, 16(1): 187-208. 1 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Separation$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and respiration using a light response curve approach: critical issues and global evaluation},\n type = {article},\n year = {2010},\n keywords = {FR_FON,FR_GRI,FR_HES,FR_LBR,FR_LQ1,FR_LQ2,FR_PUE,GF_GUY,cbfr},\n pages = {187-208},\n volume = {16},\n websites = {http://blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02041.x},\n month = {1},\n id = {c0c115c1-a1a1-3d34-9e32-3200f10da242},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:34.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Lasslop2010},\n source_type = {article},\n notes = {<b>From Duplicate 1 (<i>Separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and respiration using a light response curve approach: critical issues and global evaluation</i> - Lasslop, Gitta; Reichstein, Markus; Papale, Dario; Richardson, Andrew D.; Arneth, Almut; Barr, Alan G.; Stoy, Paul C.; Wohlfahrt, Georg)<br/>And Duplicate 2 (<i>Separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and respiration using a light response curve approach: critical issues and global evaluation</i> - Lasslop, Gitta; Reichstein, Markus; Papale, Dario; Richardson, Andrew D.; Arneth, Almut; Barr, Alan G.; Stoy, Paul C.; Wohlfahrt, Georg)<br/>And Duplicate 3 (<i>Separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and respiration using a light response curve approach: critical issues and global evaluation</i> - Lasslop, Gitta; Reichstein, Markus; Papale, Dario; Richardson, Andrew D.; Arneth, Almut; Barr, Alan G.; Stoy, Paul C.; Wohlfahrt, Georg)<br/>And Duplicate 4 (<i>Separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and respiration using a light response curve approach: critical issues and global evaluation</i> - Lasslop, Gitta; Reichstein, Markus; Papale, Dario; Richardson, Andrew D.; Arneth, Almut; Barr, Alan G.; Stoy, Paul C.; Wohlfahrt, Georg)<br/>And Duplicate 5 (<i>Separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and respiration using a light response curve approach: critical issues and global evaluation</i> - Lasslop, Gitta; Reichstein, Markus; Papale, Dario; Richardson, Andrew D.; Arneth, Almut; Barr, Alan G.; Stoy, Paul C.; Wohlfahrt, Georg)<br/>And Duplicate 6 (<i>Separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and respiration using a light response curve approach: critical issues and global evaluation</i> - Lasslop, Gitta; Reichstein, Markus; Papale, Dario; Richardson, Andrew D.; Arneth, Almut; Barr, Alan G.; Stoy, Paul C.; Wohlfahrt, Georg)<br/>And Duplicate 7 (<i>Separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and respiration using a light response curve approach: critical issues and global evaluation</i> - Lasslop, Gitta; Reichstein, Markus; Papale, Dario; Richardson, Andrew D.; Arneth, Almut; Barr, Alan G.; Stoy, Paul C.; Wohlfahrt, Georg)<br/>And Duplicate 9 (<i>Separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and respiration using a light response curve approach: critical issues and global evaluation</i> - Lasslop, Gitta; Reichstein, Markus; Papale, Dario; Richardson, Andrew D.; Arneth, Almut; Barr, Alan G.; Stoy, Paul C.; Wohlfahrt, Georg)<br/></b><br/><b>From Duplicate 2 (<i>Separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and respiration using a light response curve approach: critical issues and global evaluation</i> - Lasslop, Gitta; Reichstein, Markus; Papale, Dario; Richardson, Andrew D.; Arneth, Almut; Barr, Alan G.; Stoy, Paul C.; Wohlfahrt, Georg)<br/></b><br/><b>From Duplicate 2 ( </b><br/><b><br/><i>Separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and respiration using a light response curve approach: critical issues and global evaluation</i><br/></b><br/><b>- Lasslop, Gitta; Reichstein, Markus; Papale, Dario; Richardson, Andrew D.; Arneth, Almut; Barr, Alan G; Stoy, Paul; Wohlfahrt, Georg )<br/><br/></b><br/><br/><b>From Duplicate 8 (<i>Separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and respiration using a light response curve approach: critical issues and global evaluation</i> - Lasslop, Gitta; Reichstein, Markus; Papale, Dario; Richardson, Andrew D.; Arneth, Almut; Barr, Alan G.; Stoy, Paul C.; Wohlfahrt, Georg)<br/></b><br/><b>From Duplicate 1 (<i>Separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and respiration using a light response curve approach: critical issues and global evaluation</i> - Lasslop, Gitta; Reichstein, Markus; Papale, Dario; Richardson, Andrew D.; Arneth, Almut; Barr, Alan G.; Stoy, Paul C.; Wohlfahrt, Georg)<br/></b><br/><b>From Duplicate 2 ( </b><br/><b><br/><i>Separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and respiration using a light response curve approach: critical issues and global evaluation</i><br/></b><br/><b>- Lasslop, Gitta; Reichstein, Markus; Papale, Dario; Richardson, Andrew D.; Arneth, Almut; Barr, Alan G; Stoy, Paul; Wohlfahrt, Georg )<br/><br/></b>},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Lasslop, Gitta and Reichstein, Markus and Papale, Dario and Richardson, Andrew D. and Arneth, Almut and Barr, Alan G. and Stoy, Paul C. and Wohlfahrt, Georg},\n doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02041.x},\n journal = {Global Change Biology},\n number = {1}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Increase in aboveground fresh litter quantity over-stimulates soil respiration in a temperate deciduous forest.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Prévost-Bouré, N., C.; Soudani, K.; Damesin, C.; Berveiller, D.; Lata, J., C.; and Dufrêne, E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Applied Soil Ecology, 46(1): 26-34. 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Increase in aboveground fresh litter quantity over-stimulates soil respiration in a temperate deciduous forest},\n type = {article},\n year = {2010},\n keywords = {FR_FON},\n pages = {26-34},\n volume = {46},\n id = {973a755d-e6d7-31e8-9608-11c9b7559d3a},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:34.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Prevost-Boure2010},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {In the context of climate change, the amount of carbon allocated to soil, particularly fresh litter, is predicted to increase with terrestrial ecosystem productivity, and may alter soil carbon storage capacities. In this study we performed a 1-year litter-manipulation experiment to examine how soil CO 2 efflux was altered by the amount of fresh litter. Three treatments were applied: litter exclusion (E), control (C, natural amount: 486gm -2) and litter addition (A, twice the natural amount: 972gm -2). Litter decomposition rate was not affected by fresh litter amount. However, the addition or exclusion of fresh litter quickly increased or decreased total soil CO 2 efflux (F S) significantly, but the relative contribution of fresh litter to total soil respiration remained unchanged between the C and A treatments, as determined by laboratory measurements. Variation in F S among treatments was not related to modification of its temperature sensitivity which was not affected by fresh litter amount (Q 10: 3.5 for E, 3.2 for C, 3.6 for A). While litter exclusion was the main cause of the F S decrease in the E treatment, only 68% of F S was directly attributable to litter addition in the A treatment. The remaining 32% of F S in the A treatment was related to a real priming effect that appeared to be a long-lasting phenomenon. This priming effect lasting over 1 year may be related to a continuous release of organic compounds from litter to soil because of the progressive decomposition of leaf litter. Q 10 estimates and isotopic data lead to the hypothesis that the priming effect corresponded to the activation of the whole soil system. As a consequence, the increase in ecosystem productivity may lead, via an increase in the amount of litter, to an increase in carbon turnover in soil. Further labelling experiments involving high-frequency carbon stable isotope measurements of CO 2 efflux would help to clarify the relative importance of bulk soil and rhizosphere in the priming effect. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Prévost-Bouré, Nicolas Chemidlin and Soudani, Kamel and Damesin, Claire and Berveiller, Daniel and Lata, Jean-Christophe Christophe and Dufrêne, Eric},\n doi = {10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.06.004},\n journal = {Applied Soil Ecology},\n number = {1}\n}

\n\n\n

\n In the context of climate change, the amount of carbon allocated to soil, particularly fresh litter, is predicted to increase with terrestrial ecosystem productivity, and may alter soil carbon storage capacities. In this study we performed a 1-year litter-manipulation experiment to examine how soil CO 2 efflux was altered by the amount of fresh litter. Three treatments were applied: litter exclusion (E), control (C, natural amount: 486gm -2) and litter addition (A, twice the natural amount: 972gm -2). Litter decomposition rate was not affected by fresh litter amount. However, the addition or exclusion of fresh litter quickly increased or decreased total soil CO 2 efflux (F S) significantly, but the relative contribution of fresh litter to total soil respiration remained unchanged between the C and A treatments, as determined by laboratory measurements. Variation in F S among treatments was not related to modification of its temperature sensitivity which was not affected by fresh litter amount (Q 10: 3.5 for E, 3.2 for C, 3.6 for A). While litter exclusion was the main cause of the F S decrease in the E treatment, only 68% of F S was directly attributable to litter addition in the A treatment. The remaining 32% of F S in the A treatment was related to a real priming effect that appeared to be a long-lasting phenomenon. This priming effect lasting over 1 year may be related to a continuous release of organic compounds from litter to soil because of the progressive decomposition of leaf litter. Q 10 estimates and isotopic data lead to the hypothesis that the priming effect corresponded to the activation of the whole soil system. As a consequence, the increase in ecosystem productivity may lead, via an increase in the amount of litter, to an increase in carbon turnover in soil. Further labelling experiments involving high-frequency carbon stable isotope measurements of CO 2 efflux would help to clarify the relative importance of bulk soil and rhizosphere in the priming effect. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Contrasting response of European forest and grassland energy exchange to heatwaves.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Teuling, A., J.; Seneviratne, S., I.; Stöckli, R.; Reichstein, M.; Moors, E., J.; Ciais, P.; Luyssaert, S.; van den Hurk, B.; Ammann, C.; Bernhofer, C.; Dellwik, E.; Gianelle, D.; Gielen, B.; Grünwald, T.; Klumpp, K.; Montagnani, L.; Moureaux, C.; Sottocornola, M.; Wohlfahrt, G.; Hurk, B., V., D.; Ammann, C.; Bernhofer, C.; Dellwik, E.; Gianelle, D.; Gielen, B.; Grünwald, T.; Klumpp, K.; Montagnani, L.; Moureaux, C.; Sottocornola, M.; Wohlfahrt, G.; van den Hurk, B.; Ammann, C.; Bernhofer, C.; Dellwik, E.; Gianelle, D.; Gielen, B.; Grünwald, T.; Klumpp, K.; Montagnani, L.; Moureaux, C.; Sottocornola, M.; Wohlfahrt, G.; Hurk, B., V., D.; Ammann, C.; Bernhofer, C.; Dellwik, E.; Gianelle, D.; Gielen, B.; Grünwald, T.; Klumpp, K.; Montagnani, L.; Moureaux, C.; Sottocornola, M.; Wohlfahrt, G.; van den Hurk, B.; Ammann, C.; Bernhofer, C.; Dellwik, E.; Gianelle, D.; Gielen, B.; Grünwald, T.; Klumpp, K.; Montagnani, L.; Moureaux, C.; Sottocornola, M.; Wohlfahrt, G.; Hurk, B., V., D.; Ammann, C.; Bernhofer, C.; Dellwik, E.; Gianelle, D.; Gielen, B.; Grünwald, T.; Klumpp, K.; Montagnani, L.; Moureaux, C.; Sottocornola, M.; Wohlfahrt, G.; van den Hurk, B.; Ammann, C.; Bernhofer, C.; Dellwik, E.; Gianelle, D.; Gielen, B.; Grünwald, T.; Klumpp, K.; Montagnani, L.; Moureaux, C.; Sottocornola, M.; Wohlfahrt, G.; Hurk, B., V., D.; Ammann, C.; Bernhofer, C.; Dellwik, E.; Gianelle, D.; Gielen, B.; Grünwald, T.; Klumpp, K.; Montagnani, L.; Moureaux, C.; Sottocornola, M.; Wohlfahrt, G.; and van den Hurk, B.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Nature Geoscience, 3(10): 722-727. 9 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Contrasting$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Contrasting response of European forest and grassland energy exchange to heatwaves},\n type = {article},\n year = {2010},\n keywords = {FR_FON,FR_GRI,FR_HES,FR_LBR,FR_LQ1,FR_LQ2,_FR_LQ1},\n pages = {722-727},\n volume = {3},\n websites = {http://www.nature.com/doifinder/10.1038/ngeo950,http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo950},\n month = {9},\n publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},\n day = {5},\n id = {62923e47-3638-3b87-98b1-02b92d5cf6c4},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:35.000Z},\n accessed = {2014-01-20},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Teuling2010e},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Teuling, Adriaan J. and Seneviratne, Sonia I. and Stöckli, Reto and Reichstein, Markus and Moors, Eddy J. and Ciais, Philippe and Luyssaert, Sebastiaan and van den Hurk, Bart and Ammann, Christof and Bernhofer, Christian and Dellwik, Ebba and Gianelle, Damiano and Gielen, Bert and Grünwald, Thomas and Klumpp, Katja and Montagnani, Leonardo and Moureaux, Christine and Sottocornola, Matteo and Wohlfahrt, Georg and Hurk, Bart Van Den and Ammann, Christof and Bernhofer, Christian and Dellwik, Ebba and Gianelle, Damiano and Gielen, Bert and Grünwald, Thomas and Klumpp, Katja and Montagnani, Leonardo and Moureaux, Christine and Sottocornola, Matteo and Wohlfahrt, Georg and van den Hurk, Bart and Ammann, Christof and Bernhofer, Christian and Dellwik, Ebba and Gianelle, Damiano and Gielen, Bert and Grünwald, Thomas and Klumpp, Katja and Montagnani, Leonardo and Moureaux, Christine and Sottocornola, Matteo and Wohlfahrt, Georg and Hurk, Bart Van Den and Ammann, Christof and Bernhofer, Christian and Dellwik, Ebba and Gianelle, Damiano and Gielen, Bert and Grünwald, Thomas and Klumpp, Katja and Montagnani, Leonardo and Moureaux, Christine and Sottocornola, Matteo and Wohlfahrt, Georg and van den Hurk, Bart and Ammann, Christof and Bernhofer, Christian and Dellwik, Ebba and Gianelle, Damiano and Gielen, Bert and Grünwald, Thomas and Klumpp, Katja and Montagnani, Leonardo and Moureaux, Christine and Sottocornola, Matteo and Wohlfahrt, Georg and Hurk, Bart Van Den and Ammann, Christof and Bernhofer, Christian and Dellwik, Ebba and Gianelle, Damiano and Gielen, Bert and Grünwald, Thomas and Klumpp, Katja and Montagnani, Leonardo and Moureaux, Christine and Sottocornola, Matteo and Wohlfahrt, Georg and van den Hurk, Bart and Ammann, Christof and Bernhofer, Christian and Dellwik, Ebba and Gianelle, Damiano and Gielen, Bert and Grünwald, Thomas and Klumpp, Katja and Montagnani, Leonardo and Moureaux, Christine and Sottocornola, Matteo and Wohlfahrt, Georg and Hurk, Bart Van Den and Ammann, Christof and Bernhofer, Christian and Dellwik, Ebba and Gianelle, Damiano and Gielen, Bert and Grünwald, Thomas and Klumpp, Katja and Montagnani, Leonardo and Moureaux, Christine and Sottocornola, Matteo and Wohlfahrt, Georg and van den Hurk, Bart},\n doi = {10.1038/ngeo950},\n journal = {Nature Geoscience},\n number = {10}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Variability in carbon exchange of European croplands.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Moors, E., J.; Jacobs, C.; Jans, W.; Supit, I.; Kutsch, W., L.; Bernhofer, C.; Béziat, P.; Buchmann, N.; Carrara, A.; Ceschia, E.; Elbers, J.; Eugster, W.; Kruijt, B.; Loubet, B.; Magliulo, E.; Moureaux, C.; Olioso, A.; Saunders, M.; and Soegaard, H.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 139(3): 325-335. 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Variability$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Variability in carbon exchange of European croplands},\n type = {article},\n year = {2010},\n keywords = {FR_AUR,FR_GRI,FR_LAM},\n pages = {325-335},\n volume = {139},\n websites = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2010.04.013},\n publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},\n id = {af99b82c-58de-399d-9cba-e00d5a58f5de},\n created = {2016-03-16T13:17:39.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Moors2010b},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The estimated net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of CO2 based on measurements at 17 flux sites in Europe for 45 cropping periods showed an average loss of -38gCm-2 per cropping period. The cropping period is defined as the period after sowing or planting until harvest. The variability taken as the standard deviation of these cropping periods was 251gCm-2. These numbers do not include lateral inputs such as the carbon content of applied manure, nor the carbon exchange out of the cropping period. Both are expected to have a major effect on the C budget of high energy summer crops such as maize. NEE and gross primary production (GPP) can be estimated by crop net primary production based on inventories of biomass at these sites, independent of species and regions. NEE can also be estimated by the product of photosynthetic capacity and the number of days with the average air temperature >5 °C. Yield measured at these sites or reported at the NUTS2 level dataset of EUROSTAT is a relatively poor predictor of NEE. To investigate the difference in the variability in CO2 emissions of different crops at the same location and to compare this variation with the variation of the same crop at different locations and with the inter-annual variation the measured dataset at the flux sites was extended with simulated data. These simulations show that the variability in carbon exchange is determined by: firstly the choice of crop and the location and to a lesser extent by the yearly differences in climate. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Moors, Eddy J. and Jacobs, Cor and Jans, Wilma and Supit, Iwan and Kutsch, Werner L. and Bernhofer, Christian and Béziat, Pierre and Buchmann, Nina and Carrara, Arnaud and Ceschia, Eric and Elbers, Jan and Eugster, Werner and Kruijt, Bart and Loubet, Benjamin and Magliulo, Enzo and Moureaux, Christine and Olioso, Albert and Saunders, Matt and Soegaard, Henrik},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agee.2010.04.013},\n journal = {Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment},\n number = {3}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Management effects on European cropland respiration.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Eugster, W.; Moffat, A., M.; Ceschia, E.; Aubinet, M.; Ammann, C.; Osborne, B.; Davis, P., a.; Smith, P.; Jacobs, C.; Moors, E., J.; Le Dantec, V.; Béziat, P.; Saunders, M.; Jans, W.; Grünwald, T.; Rebmann, C.; Kutsch, W., L.; Czerný, R.; Janouš, D.; Moureaux, C.; Dufranne, D.; Carrara, A.; Magliulo, V.; Di Tommasi, P.; Olesen, J., E.; Schelde, K.; Olioso, A.; Bernhofer, C.; Cellier, P.; Larmanou, E.; Loubet, B.; Wattenbach, M.; Marloie, O.; Sanz, M., J.; Søgaard, H.; and Buchmann, N.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 139(3): 346-362. 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Management effects on European cropland respiration},\n type = {article},\n year = {2010},\n keywords = {FR_AUR,FR_GRI,FR_LAM},\n pages = {346-362},\n volume = {139},\n id = {0b8bd113-f524-30a8-9fbf-6b6668b4101f},\n created = {2016-03-16T13:17:39.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2019-04-26T14:59:00.915Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Eugster2010a},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Increases in respiration rates following management activities in croplands are considered a relevant anthropogenic source of CO2. In this paper, we quantify the impact of management events on cropland respiration fluxes of CO2 as they occur under current climate and management conditions. Our findings are based on all available CarboEurope IP eddy covariance flux measurements during a 4-year period (2004-2007). Detailed management information was available for 15 out of the 22 sites that contributed flux data, from which we compiled 30 types of management for European-scale comparison. This allowed us to address the question of how management activities influence ecosystem respiration. This was done by comparing respiration fluxes during 7, 14, and 28 days after the management with those observed during the matching time period before management. Median increases in respiration ranged from +83% (early season tillage) to -50% (rice paddy flooding and burning of rice residues) on the 28 days time scale, when only management types with a minimum of 7 replications are considered. Most management types showed a large variation among events and between sites, indicating that additional factors other than management alone are also important at a given site. Temperature is the climatic factor that showed best correlation with site-specific respiration fluxes. Therefore, the effect of temperature changes between the time periods before and after management were taken into account for a subset of 13 management types with adequate statistical coverage of at least 5 events during the years 2004-2007. In this comparison, late-season moldboard ploughing (30-45. cm) led to highest median increase in respiration on the 7 days timescale (+43%), which was still +15% in the 28 days comparison. On average, however, management-induced increases in respiration losses from croplands were quite moderate (typically <20% increase over 28 days).An assessment of extreme values in daily respiration fluxes using the Gumbel distribution approach revealed that sites with larger average respiration fluxes also experience the larger extremes in respiration fluxes. This suggests that it is very unlikely that sites that generally have low respiration rates will have exceedingly high respiration rates as a result of certain specific management events. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Eugster, Werner and Moffat, Antje M. and Ceschia, Eric and Aubinet, Marc and Ammann, Christof and Osborne, Bruce and Davis, Phillip a. and Smith, Pete and Jacobs, Cor and Moors, Eddy J. and Le Dantec, Valérie and Béziat, Pierre and Saunders, Matthew and Jans, Wilma and Grünwald, Thomas and Rebmann, Corinna and Kutsch, Werner L. and Czerný, Radek and Janouš, Dalibor and Moureaux, Christine and Dufranne, Delphine and Carrara, Arnaud and Magliulo, Vincenzo and Di Tommasi, Paul and Olesen, Jørgen E. and Schelde, Kirsten and Olioso, Albert and Bernhofer, Christian and Cellier, Pierre and Larmanou, Eric and Loubet, Benjamin and Wattenbach, Martin and Marloie, Olivier and Sanz, Maria José and Søgaard, Henrik and Buchmann, Nina},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agee.2010.09.001},\n journal = {Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment},\n number = {3}\n}

\n\n\n

\n Increases in respiration rates following management activities in croplands are considered a relevant anthropogenic source of CO2. In this paper, we quantify the impact of management events on cropland respiration fluxes of CO2 as they occur under current climate and management conditions. Our findings are based on all available CarboEurope IP eddy covariance flux measurements during a 4-year period (2004-2007). Detailed management information was available for 15 out of the 22 sites that contributed flux data, from which we compiled 30 types of management for European-scale comparison. This allowed us to address the question of how management activities influence ecosystem respiration. This was done by comparing respiration fluxes during 7, 14, and 28 days after the management with those observed during the matching time period before management. Median increases in respiration ranged from +83% (early season tillage) to -50% (rice paddy flooding and burning of rice residues) on the 28 days time scale, when only management types with a minimum of 7 replications are considered. Most management types showed a large variation among events and between sites, indicating that additional factors other than management alone are also important at a given site. Temperature is the climatic factor that showed best correlation with site-specific respiration fluxes. Therefore, the effect of temperature changes between the time periods before and after management were taken into account for a subset of 13 management types with adequate statistical coverage of at least 5 events during the years 2004-2007. In this comparison, late-season moldboard ploughing (30-45. cm) led to highest median increase in respiration on the 7 days timescale (+43%), which was still +15% in the 28 days comparison. On average, however, management-induced increases in respiration losses from croplands were quite moderate (typically <20% increase over 28 days).An assessment of extreme values in daily respiration fluxes using the Gumbel distribution approach revealed that sites with larger average respiration fluxes also experience the larger extremes in respiration fluxes. This suggests that it is very unlikely that sites that generally have low respiration rates will have exceedingly high respiration rates as a result of certain specific management events. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Assimilation exceeds respiration sensitivity to drought: A FLUXNET synthesis.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Schwalm, C., R.; Williams, C., A.; Schaefer, K.; Arneth, A.; Bonal, D.; Buchmann, N.; Chen, J.; Law, B., E.; Lindroth, A.; Luyssaert, S.; Reichstein, M.; and Richardson, A., D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global Change Biology, 16(2): 657-670. 2 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Assimilation$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Assimilation exceeds respiration sensitivity to drought: A FLUXNET synthesis},\n type = {article},\n year = {2010},\n keywords = {FR_GUY},\n pages = {657-670},\n volume = {16},\n websites = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01991.x,http://blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01991.x},\n month = {2},\n id = {d35454f6-f6eb-346b-a29b-1a83719d202a},\n created = {2016-11-03T14:24:17.000Z},\n accessed = {2013-11-07},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Schwalm2010a},\n notes = {<b>From Duplicate 1 (<i>Assimilation exceeds respiration sensitivity to drought: A FLUXNET synthesis</i> - Schwalm, Christopher R.; Williams, Christopher A.; Schaefer, Kevin; Arneth, Almut; Bonal, Damien; Buchmann, Nina; Chen, Jiquan; Law, Beverly Elizabeth; Lindroth, Anders; Luyssaert, Sebastiaan; Reichstein, Markus; Richardson, Andrew D.)<br/></b><br/><b>From Duplicate 2 ( </b><br/><b><br/><i>Assimilation exceeds respiration sensitivity to drought: A FLUXNET synthesis</i><br/></b><br/><b>- Schwalm, Christopher R.; Williams, Christopher A.; Schaefer, Kevin; Arneth, Almut; Bonal, Damien; Buchmann, Nina; Chen, Jiquan; Law, Beverly Elizabeth; Lindroth, Anders; Luyssaert, Sebastiaan; Reichstein, Markus; Richardson, Andrew D. )<br/><br/></b><br/><br/><b>From Duplicate 2 (<i>Assimilation exceeds respiration sensitivity to drought: A FLUXNET synthesis</i> - Schwalm, Christopher R.; Williams, Christopher A.; Schaefer, Kevin; Arneth, Almut; Bonal, Damien; Buchmann, Nina; Chen, Jiquan; Law, Beverly Elizabeth; Lindroth, Anders; Luyssaert, Sebastiaan; Reichstein, Markus; Richardson, Andrew D.)<br/></b><br/><b>From Duplicate 2 (<i>Assimilation exceeds respiration sensitivity to drought: A FLUXNET synthesis</i> - Schwalm, Christopher R.; Williams, Christopher A.; Schaefer, Kevin; Arneth, Almut; Bonal, Damien; Buchmann, Nina; Chen, Jiquan; Law, Beverly Elizabeth; Lindroth, Anders; Luyssaert, Sebastiaan; Reichstein, Markus; Richardson, Andrew D.)<br/></b><br/><b>From Duplicate 2 ( </b><br/><b><br/><i>Assimilation exceeds respiration sensitivity to drought: A FLUXNET synthesis</i><br/></b><br/><b>- Schwalm, Christopher R.; Williams, Christopher A.; Schaefer, Kevin; Arneth, Almut; Bonal, Damien; Buchmann, Nina; Chen, Jiquan; Law, Beverly Elizabeth; Lindroth, Anders; Luyssaert, Sebastiaan; Reichstein, Markus; Richardson, Andrew D. )<br/><br/></b>},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Schwalm, Christopher R. and Williams, Christopher A. and Schaefer, Kevin and Arneth, Almut and Bonal, Damien and Buchmann, Nina and Chen, Jiquan and Law, Beverly Elizabeth and Lindroth, Anders and Luyssaert, Sebastiaan and Reichstein, Markus and Richardson, Andrew D.},\n doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01991.x},\n journal = {Global Change Biology},\n number = {2}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Detecting the critical periods that underpin interannual fluctuations in the carbon balance of European forests.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n le Maire, G.; Delpierre, N.; Jung, M.; Ciais, P.; Reichstein, M.; Viovy, N.; Granier, A., A.; Ibrom, A.; Kolari, P.; Longdoz, B.; Moors, E., J.; Pilegaard, K.; Rambal, S.; Richardson, A., D.; and Vesala, T.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 115(4): 1-16. 10 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Detecting$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Detecting the critical periods that underpin interannual fluctuations in the carbon balance of European forests},\n type = {article},\n year = {2010},\n pages = {1-16},\n volume = {115},\n websites = {http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2010/2009JG001244.shtml},\n month = {10},\n day = {23},\n id = {1a6e38a6-29b2-3b90-b996-82930de47f40},\n created = {2016-11-03T14:24:17.000Z},\n accessed = {2010-11-27},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {LeMaire2010},\n notes = {<b>From Duplicate 1 ( </b><br/><br/><b><br/><i>Detecting the critical periods that underpin interannual fluctuations in the carbon balance of European forests</i><br/></b><br/><br/><b>- le Maire, Guerric; Delpierre, Nicolas; Jung, Martin; Ciais, Philippe; Reichstein, Markus; Viovy, Nicolas; Granier, André; Ibrom, Andreas; Kolari, Pasi; Longdoz, Bernard; Moors, Eddy J.; Pilegaard, Kim; Rambal, Serge; Richardson, Andrew D.; Vesala, Timo )<br/><br/></b><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><b>From Duplicate 2 ( </b><br/><br/><b><br/><i>Detecting the critical periods that underpin interannual fluctuations in the carbon balance of European forests</i><br/></b><br/><br/><b>- le Maire, Guerric; Delpierre, Nicolas; Jung, Martin; Ciais, Philippe; Reichstein, Markus; Viovy, Nicolas; Granier, André; Ibrom, Andreas; Kolari, Pasi; Longdoz, Bernard; Moors, Eddy J.; Pilegaard, Kim; Rambal, Serge; Richardson, Andrew D.; Vesala, Timo )<br/><br/></b>},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The interannual variability of CO2 exchange by forest ecosystems in Europe was analyzed at site and regional scales by identifying critical periods that contributed to interannual flux anomalies. Critical periods were defined as periods in which monthly and annual flux anomalies were correlated. The analysis was first conducted at seven European forest flux tower sites with contrasting species and climatic conditions. Organizing Carbon and Hydrology in Dynamic Ecosystems (ORCHIDEE), a generic process-based model, represented fairly well most features of the critical period patterns and their climate drivers at the site scale. Simulations at the scale of European forests were performed with ORCHIDEE integrated at a 0.25 degrees spatial resolution. The spatial and temporal distributions of critical periods for canopy photosynthesis, ecosystem respiration, and net ecosystem exchange (NEE) as well as their underlying climate drivers were analyzed. The interannual variability in gross primary productivity (GPP) was explained by critical periods during spring and summer months. In contrast, the interannual variability in total ecosystem respiration (TER) was explained by critical periods occurring throughout the year. A latitudinal contrast between southern and northern Europe was observed in the distributions of critical periods for GPP and TER. The critical periods were positively controlled by temperature in northern Europe and by soil water availability in southern Europe. More importantly, the latitudinal transition between temperature-driven and water-driven critical periods for GPP varied from early spring to late summer. Such a distinct seasonal regime of critical periods was less clearly defined for TER and NEE. Overall, the critical periods associated with NEE variations and their meteorological drivers followed those associated with GPP.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {le Maire, Guerric and Delpierre, Nicolas and Jung, Martin and Ciais, Philippe and Reichstein, Markus and Viovy, Nicolas and Granier, Andr?? André and Ibrom, Andreas and Kolari, Pasi and Longdoz, Bernard and Moors, Eddy J. and Pilegaard, Kim and Rambal, Serge and Richardson, Andrew D. and Vesala, Timo},\n doi = {10.1029/2009JG001244},\n journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences},\n number = {4},\n keywords = {FR_HES,FR_PUE}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Climate control of terrestrial carbon exchange across biomes and continents.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Yi, C.; Ricciuto, D.; Li, R.; Wolbeck, J.; Xu, X.; Nilsson, M.; Aires, L.; Albertson, J., D.; Amman, C.; Arain, M., A.; Araujo, D.; Alessandro, C.; Aubinet, M.; Aurela, M.; Barcza, Z.; Barr, A.; Berbigier, P.; Beringer, J.; Bernhofer, C.; Black, A., T.; Bolstad, P., V.; Bosveld, F., C.; Broadmeadow, M., S.; Buchmann, N.; Burns, S., P.; Cellier, P.; Chen, J., J.; Ciais, P.; Clement, R.; Cook, B., D.; Curtis, P., S.; Dail, D., B.; Dellwik, E.; Delpierre, N.; Desai, A., R.; Dore, S.; Dragoni, D.; Drake, B., G.; Dufrene, E.; Dunn, A.; Elbers, J.; Eugster, W.; Falk, M.; Feigenwinter, C.; Flanagan, L., B.; Foken, T.; Frank, J.; Fuhrer, J.; Gianelle, D.; Golstein, A.; Goulden, M.; Granier, A.; Grunwald, T.; Gu, L.; Guo, H.; Hammerle, A.; Han, S.; Hanan, N., P.; Haszpra, L.; Heinesch, B.; Helfter, C.; Hendriks, D.; Hutley, L., B.; Ibrom, A.; Jacobs, C.; Johansson, T.; Jongen, M.; Katul, G.; Kiely, G.; Klumpp, K.; Knohl, A.; Kolb, T.; Kutsch, W., L.; Lafleur, P.; Laurila, T.; Leuning, R.; Lindroth, A.; Liu, H.; Loubet, B.; Manca, G.; Marek, M.; Margolis, H., a.; Martin, T., a.; Massman, W., J.; Matamala, R.; Matteucci, G.; McCaughey, H.; Merbold, L.; Meyers, T.; Migliavacca, M.; Miglietta, F.; Misson, L.; Molder, M.; Moncrieff, J.; Monson, R., K.; Montagnani, L.; Montes-Helu, M.; Moors, E., J.; Moureaux, C.; Mukelabai, M., M.; Munger, J., ..; Myklebust, M.; Nagy, Z.; Noormets, A.; Oechel, W.; Oren, R.; Pallardy, S., G.; Paw, U.; Tha, K.; Pereira, J., S.; Pilegaard, K.; Pinter, K.; Pio, C.; Pita, G.; Powell, T., L.; Rambal, S.; Randerson, J., T.; von Randow, C.; Rebmann, C.; Rinne, J.; Rossi, F.; Roulet, N.; Ryel, R., J.; Sagerfors, J.; Saigusa, N.; Sanz, M., J.; Scarascia Mugnozza, G.; Schmid, H., P.; Seufert, G.; Siqueira, M.; Soussana, J.; Starr, G.; Sutton, M., a.; Tenhunen, J.; Tuba, Z.; Tuovinen, J.; Valentini, R.; Vogel, C., S.; Wang, J.; Wang, S.; Wang, W.; Welp, L., R.; Wen, X.; Wharton, S.; Wilkinson, M.; Williams, C., a.; Wohlfahrt, G.; Yamamoto, S.; Yu, G.; Zampedri, R.; Zhao, B.; Zhao, X.; and Dufrêne, E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Environ. Res. Lett, 5. 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Climate$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Climate control of terrestrial carbon exchange across biomes and continents},\n type = {article},\n year = {2010},\n keywords = {FR_FON,FR_GRI,FR_HES,FR_LBR,FR_LQ1,FR_LQ2,FR_PUE},\n volume = {5},\n websites = {http://iopscience.iop.org/1748-9326/5/3/034007},\n id = {e5e05e2b-95ad-3c31-8672-a818f2e363dc},\n created = {2016-11-03T14:24:17.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2019-04-26T14:59:01.006Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Yi2010b},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Understanding the relationships between climate and carbon exchange by terrestrial ecosystems is critical to predict future levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide because of the potential accelerating effects of positive climate–carbon cycle feedbacks. However, directly observed relationships between climate and terrestrial CO2 exchange with the atmosphere across biomes and continents are lacking. Here we present data describing the relationships between net ecosystem exchange of carbon (NEE) and climate factors as measured using the eddy covariance method at 125 unique sites in various ecosystems over six continents with a total of 559 site-years. We find that NEE observed at eddy covariance sites is (1) a strong function of mean annual temperature at mid- and high-latitudes, (2) a strong function of dryness at mid- and low-latitudes, and (3) a function of both temperature and dryness around the mid-latitudinal belt (45◦N). The sensitivity of NEE to mean annual temperature breaks down at ∼16 ◦C (a threshold value of mean annual temperature), above which no further increase of CO2 uptake with temperature was observed and dryness influence overrules temperature influence.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Yi, Chuixiang and Ricciuto, Daniel and Li, Runze and Wolbeck, John and Xu, Xiyan and Nilsson, Mats and Aires, Luis and Albertson, John D. and Amman, Christoph and Arain, M. Altaf and Araujo, De and Alessandro, C. and Aubinet, Marc and Aurela, Mika and Barcza, Zoltan and Barr, Alan and Berbigier, Paul and Beringer, Jason and Bernhofer, Christian and Black, Andrew T. and Bolstad, Paul V. and Bosveld, Fred C. and Broadmeadow, Mark S.J. and Buchmann, Nina and Burns, Sean P. and Cellier, Pierre and Chen, Jiquan Jingming and Ciais, Philippe and Clement, Robert and Cook, Bruce D. and Curtis, Peter S. and Dail, D Bryan. and Dellwik, Ebba and Delpierre, Nicolas and Desai, Ankur R. and Dore, Sabina and Dragoni, Danilo and Drake, Bert G. and Dufrene, Eric. and Dunn, Allison. and Elbers, Jan and Eugster, Werner and Falk, Matthias and Feigenwinter, Christian and Flanagan, Lawrence B. and Foken, Thomas and Frank, John and Fuhrer, Juerg and Gianelle, Damiano and Golstein, Allen and Goulden, Mike and Granier, Andre and Grunwald, Thomas and Gu, Lianhong and Guo, Haiqiang and Hammerle, Albin and Han, Shijie and Hanan, Niall P. and Haszpra, Laszlo and Heinesch, Bernard and Helfter, Carole and Hendriks, Dimmie and Hutley, Lindsey B. and Ibrom, Andreas and Jacobs, Cor and Johansson, Torbjorn and Jongen, Marjan and Katul, Gabriel and Kiely, Gerard and Klumpp, Katja and Knohl, Alexander and Kolb, Thomas and Kutsch, Werner L. and Lafleur, Peter and Laurila, Tuomas and Leuning, Ray and Lindroth, Anders and Liu, Heping and Loubet, Benjamin and Manca, Giovanni and Marek, Michal and Margolis, Hank a. and Martin, Timothy a. and Massman, William J. and Matamala, Roser and Matteucci, Giorgio and McCaughey, Harry and Merbold, Lutz and Meyers, Tilden and Migliavacca, Mirco and Miglietta, Franco and Misson, Laurent and Molder, Meelis and Moncrieff, John and Monson, Russell K. and Montagnani, Leonardo and Montes-Helu, Mario and Moors, Eddy J. and Moureaux, Christine and Mukelabai, Mukufute M. and Munger, J .William and Myklebust, May and Nagy, Zoltan and Noormets, Asko and Oechel, Walter and Oren, Ram and Pallardy, Stephen G. and Paw, U and Tha, Kyaw and Pereira, Joao S. and Pilegaard, Kim and Pinter, Krisztina and Pio, Casimiro and Pita, Gabriel and Powell, Thomas L. and Rambal, Serge and Randerson, James T. and von Randow, Celso and Rebmann, Corinna and Rinne, Janne and Rossi, Federica and Roulet, Nigel and Ryel, Ronald J. and Sagerfors, Jorgen and Saigusa, Nobuko and Sanz, Maria Jose and Scarascia Mugnozza, Giuseppe and Schmid, Hans Peter and Seufert, Guenther and Siqueira, Mario and Soussana, Jean-Francois and Starr, Gregory and Sutton, Mark a. and Tenhunen, John and Tuba, Zoltan and Tuovinen, Juha-Pekka and Valentini, Riccardo and Vogel, Christoph S. and Wang, Jingxin and Wang, Shaoqiang and Wang, Weiguo and Welp, Lisa R. and Wen, Xuefa and Wharton, Sonia and Wilkinson, Matthew and Williams, Christopher a. and Wohlfahrt, Georg and Yamamoto, Susumu and Yu, Guirui and Zampedri, Roberto and Zhao, Bin and Zhao, Xinquan and Dufrêne, Eric},\n doi = {10.1088/1748-9326/5/3/034007},\n journal = {Environ. Res. Lett}\n}

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\n \n 2009\n \n \n (9)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Assessment of Spatial Representativeness of 53 Fluxnet Sites Used to Validate the MODIS Albedo Product.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n\n\n 2009.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@misc{\n title = {Assessment of Spatial Representativeness of 53 Fluxnet Sites Used to Validate the MODIS Albedo Product},\n type = {misc},\n year = {2009},\n pages = {2498},\n id = {c7de97ff-78fa-341b-83f0-a3c65a7b2488},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:14.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {false},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {misc},\n author = {},\n keywords = {FR_FON}\n}

\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Modelling LAI at a regional scale with ISBA-A-gs : comparison with satellite-derived LAI over southwestern France.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Brut, A.; Rüdiger, C.; Lafont, S.; Roujean, J.; Calvet, J., J.; Jarlan, L.; Gibelin, A.; and Albergel, C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeosciences, 6: 1389-1404. 2009.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Modelling$ Website\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Modelling LAI at a regional scale with ISBA-A-gs : comparison with satellite-derived LAI over southwestern France},\n type = {article},\n year = {2009},\n keywords = {FR_LQ1,cbfr,paper_carbofrance},\n pages = {1389-1404},\n volume = {6},\n websites = {www.biogeosciences.net/6/1389/2009/},\n id = {0e984a1d-81a9-3bfe-8d28-328c1c3db131},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:29.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Brut2009},\n source_type = {article},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Brut, Aurore and Rüdiger, C. and Lafont, Sebastien and Roujean, Jean-Louis and Calvet, J.-C. Jean-christophe and Jarlan, Lionel and Gibelin, Anne-Laure and Albergel, Clément},\n journal = {Biogeosciences}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Contributions of climate, leaf area index and leaf physiology to variation in gross primary production of six coniferous forests across Europe: A model-based analysis.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Duursma, R., A.; Kolari, P.; Permki, M.; Pulkkinen, M.; Mkel, A.; Nikinmaa, E.; Hari, P.; Aurela, M.; Berbigier, P.; Bernhofer, C.; Grnwald, T.; Loustau, D.; Mlder, M.; Verbeeck, H.; and Vesala, T.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Tree Physiology, 29(5): 621-639. 2009.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Contributions of climate, leaf area index and leaf physiology to variation in gross primary production of six coniferous forests across Europe: A model-based analysis},\n type = {article},\n year = {2009},\n keywords = {FR_LBR},\n pages = {621-639},\n volume = {29},\n id = {94d7a03c-91e6-3993-831c-56533d249aa6},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:30.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Duursma2009b},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Gross primary production (GPP) is the primary source of all carbon fluxes in the ecosystem. Understanding variation in this flux is vital to understanding variation in the carbon sink of forest ecosystems, and this would serve as input to forest production models. Using GPP derived from eddy-covariance (EC) measurements, it is now possible to determine the most important factor to scale GPP across sites. We use long-term EC measurements for six coniferous forest stands in Europe, for a total of 25 site-years, located on a gradient between southern France and northern Finland. Eddy-derived GPP varied threefold across the six sites, peak ecosystem leaf area index (LAI) (all-sided) varied from 4 to 22 m(2) m(-2) and mean annual temperature varied from -1 to 13 degrees C. A process-based model operating at a half-hourly time-step was parameterized with available information for each site, and explained 71-96% in variation between daily totals of GPP within site-years and 62% of annual total GPP across site-years. Using the parameterized model, we performed two simulation experiments: weather datasets were interchanged between sites, so that the model was used to predict GPP at some site using data from either a different year or a different site. The resulting bias in GPP prediction was related to several aggregated weather variables and was found to be closely related to the change in the effective temperature sum or mean annual temperature. High R(2)s resulted even when using weather datasets from unrelated sites, providing a cautionary note on the interpretation of R(2) in model comparisons. A second experiment interchanged stand-structure information between sites, and the resulting bias was strongly related to the difference in LAI, or the difference in integrated absorbed light. Across the six sites, variation in mean annual temperature had more effect on simulated GPP than the variation in LAI, but both were important determinants of GPP. A sensitivity analysis of leaf physiology parameters showed that the quantum yield was the most influential parameter on annual GPP, followed by a parameter controlling the seasonality of photosynthesis and photosynthetic capacity. Overall, the results are promising for the development of a parsimonious model of GPP.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Duursma, R A and Kolari, P and Permki, M. and Pulkkinen, M and Mkel, A. and Nikinmaa, E and Hari, P and Aurela, Mika and Berbigier, P and Bernhofer, Ch and Grnwald, T. and Loustau, Denis and Mlder, M. and Verbeeck, Hans and Vesala, T},\n doi = {10.1093/treephys/tpp010},\n journal = {Tree Physiology},\n number = {5}\n}

\n\n\n

\n Gross primary production (GPP) is the primary source of all carbon fluxes in the ecosystem. Understanding variation in this flux is vital to understanding variation in the carbon sink of forest ecosystems, and this would serve as input to forest production models. Using GPP derived from eddy-covariance (EC) measurements, it is now possible to determine the most important factor to scale GPP across sites. We use long-term EC measurements for six coniferous forest stands in Europe, for a total of 25 site-years, located on a gradient between southern France and northern Finland. Eddy-derived GPP varied threefold across the six sites, peak ecosystem leaf area index (LAI) (all-sided) varied from 4 to 22 m(2) m(-2) and mean annual temperature varied from -1 to 13 degrees C. A process-based model operating at a half-hourly time-step was parameterized with available information for each site, and explained 71-96% in variation between daily totals of GPP within site-years and 62% of annual total GPP across site-years. Using the parameterized model, we performed two simulation experiments: weather datasets were interchanged between sites, so that the model was used to predict GPP at some site using data from either a different year or a different site. The resulting bias in GPP prediction was related to several aggregated weather variables and was found to be closely related to the change in the effective temperature sum or mean annual temperature. High R(2)s resulted even when using weather datasets from unrelated sites, providing a cautionary note on the interpretation of R(2) in model comparisons. A second experiment interchanged stand-structure information between sites, and the resulting bias was strongly related to the difference in LAI, or the difference in integrated absorbed light. Across the six sites, variation in mean annual temperature had more effect on simulated GPP than the variation in LAI, but both were important determinants of GPP. A sensitivity analysis of leaf physiology parameters showed that the quantum yield was the most influential parameter on annual GPP, followed by a parameter controlling the seasonality of photosynthesis and photosynthetic capacity. Overall, the results are promising for the development of a parsimonious model of GPP.\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Simultaneous measurements of CO2 and water exchanges over three agroecosystems in South-West France.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Stella, P.; Lamaud, E.; Brunet, Y.; Bonnefond, J.; Loustau, D.; and Irvine, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeosciences, 6(12): 2957-2971. 12 2009.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Simultaneous$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Simultaneous measurements of CO2 and water exchanges over three agroecosystems in South-West France},\n type = {article},\n year = {2009},\n pages = {2957-2971},\n volume = {6},\n websites = {http://www.biogeosciences.net/6/2957/2009/},\n month = {12},\n day = {11},\n id = {9ea7d76c-379f-3a4c-b12a-d69ca4900048},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:33.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Stella2009},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Stella, P. and Lamaud, Eric and Brunet, Y. and Bonnefond, Jean-Marc and Loustau, Denis and Irvine, M.},\n doi = {10.5194/bg-6-2957-2009},\n journal = {Biogeosciences},\n number = {12},\n keywords = {FR_BIL,FR_LBR}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Prototyping of Land-SAF leaf area index algorithm with VEGETATION and MODIS data over Europe.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Verger, A.; Camacho, F.; García-Haro, F., J.; and Meliá, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Remote Sensing of Environment, 113(11): 2285-2297. 2009.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Prototyping$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Prototyping of Land-SAF leaf area index algorithm with VEGETATION and MODIS data over Europe},\n type = {article},\n year = {2009},\n keywords = {paper_carbofrance,raqrs},\n pages = {2285-2297},\n volume = {113},\n websites = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0034425709001813},\n publisher = {Elsevier Inc.},\n id = {0e89de2d-199d-3c8a-9fed-18bc2e4d0302},\n created = {2018-01-18T16:53:31.258Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2018-01-18T16:53:31.258Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Verger2009},\n source_type = {article},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The Satellite Application Facility on Land Surface Analysis (Land-SAF) aims to provide land surface variables for the meteorological and environmental science communities from EUMETSAT satellites. This study assesses the performance of a simplified (i.e. random distribution of vegetation is assumed) version of the Land-SAF algorithm for the estimation of Leaf Area Index (LAI) when prototyped with VEGETATION (processed in CYCLOPES program) and MODIS reflectances. The prototype estimates of LAI are evaluated both by comparison with validated CYCLOPES and MODIS LAI products derived from the same sensors and directly through comparison with ground-based estimates. Emphasis is given on evaluating the impact of the algorithm and input data on LAI retrieval discrepancies. Analysis is achieved over Europe for the 2000-2003 period. The results demonstrate the capacity of the Land-SAF algorithm to retrieve consistent LAI estimates from multiple optical sensors even when their reflectances present systematic differences. High spatial and temporal consistencies between Land-SAF prototype estimates and existing LAI products are found. The differences between Land-SAF and CYCLOPES LAI are lower than their uncertainties (RMSE (relative RMSE) within 0.4 (30%)). Land-SAF prototype estimates and MODIS LAI show larger discrepancies mainly due to differences in the vegetation structure representation and algorithm assumptions (RMSE ranging from 0.2 (30%) up to 0.8 (40%)). Land-SAF prototype provides higher LAI values than MODIS for herbaceous canopies (i.e. shrubs, grasses and crops) and lower values for woody biomes (i.e. savannas and forests). Direct validation indicates that LAI estimates from prototyping of the Land-SAF algorithm with CYCLOPES and MODIS reflectances achieve similar performances (differences with ground measurements are lower than 0.5 LAI units in 60% and 50% of the cases, respectively) as CYCLOPES and MODIS LAI products. Results from this prototyping exercise appear useful for improved retrieval of LAI and constitute a step forward for refinement, validation and consolidation of the Land-SAF algorithm. ?? 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Verger, A. and Camacho, F. and García-Haro, F. J. and Meliá, J.},\n doi = {10.1016/j.rse.2009.06.009},\n journal = {Remote Sensing of Environment},\n number = {11}\n}

\n\n\n

\n The Satellite Application Facility on Land Surface Analysis (Land-SAF) aims to provide land surface variables for the meteorological and environmental science communities from EUMETSAT satellites. This study assesses the performance of a simplified (i.e. random distribution of vegetation is assumed) version of the Land-SAF algorithm for the estimation of Leaf Area Index (LAI) when prototyped with VEGETATION (processed in CYCLOPES program) and MODIS reflectances. The prototype estimates of LAI are evaluated both by comparison with validated CYCLOPES and MODIS LAI products derived from the same sensors and directly through comparison with ground-based estimates. Emphasis is given on evaluating the impact of the algorithm and input data on LAI retrieval discrepancies. Analysis is achieved over Europe for the 2000-2003 period. The results demonstrate the capacity of the Land-SAF algorithm to retrieve consistent LAI estimates from multiple optical sensors even when their reflectances present systematic differences. High spatial and temporal consistencies between Land-SAF prototype estimates and existing LAI products are found. The differences between Land-SAF and CYCLOPES LAI are lower than their uncertainties (RMSE (relative RMSE) within 0.4 (30%)). Land-SAF prototype estimates and MODIS LAI show larger discrepancies mainly due to differences in the vegetation structure representation and algorithm assumptions (RMSE ranging from 0.2 (30%) up to 0.8 (40%)). Land-SAF prototype provides higher LAI values than MODIS for herbaceous canopies (i.e. shrubs, grasses and crops) and lower values for woody biomes (i.e. savannas and forests). Direct validation indicates that LAI estimates from prototyping of the Land-SAF algorithm with CYCLOPES and MODIS reflectances achieve similar performances (differences with ground measurements are lower than 0.5 LAI units in 60% and 50% of the cases, respectively) as CYCLOPES and MODIS LAI products. Results from this prototyping exercise appear useful for improved retrieval of LAI and constitute a step forward for refinement, validation and consolidation of the Land-SAF algorithm. ?? 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Improving land surface models with FLUXNET data.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Williams, M.; Richardson, A., D.; Reichstein, M.; Stoy, P., C.; Peylin, P.; Verbeeck, H.; Carvalhais, N.; Jung, M.; Hollinger, D., Y.; Kattge, J.; Others; Leuning, R.; Luo, Y.; Tomelleri, E.; Trudinger, C., M.; and Wang, Y., P.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeosciences, 6(January): 2785–2835. 2009.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Improving land surface models with FLUXNET data.},\n type = {article},\n year = {2009},\n pages = {2785–2835},\n volume = {6},\n id = {028d35bd-e551-356b-bb7b-8c02f92c5fe8},\n created = {2018-01-18T16:53:31.518Z},\n accessed = {2010-11-29},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2019-03-14T09:21:37.623Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Williams2009},\n source_type = {article},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Williams, Mathew and Richardson, Andrew D. and Reichstein, Markus and Stoy, Paul C. and Peylin, P and Verbeeck, Hans and Carvalhais, Nuno and Jung, Martin and Hollinger, David Y and Kattge, Jens and Others, undefined and Leuning, R and Luo, Y and Tomelleri, E and Trudinger, C M and Wang, Ying Ping},\n journal = {Biogeosciences},\n number = {January}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Estimating nocturnal ecosystem respiration from the vertical turbulent flux and change in storage of CO2.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n van Gorsel, E.; Delpierre, N.; Leuning, R.; Black, A.; Munger, J., W.; Wofsy, S.; Aubinet, M.; Feigenwinter, C.; Beringer, J.; Bonal, D.; Chen, B.; Chen, J.; Clement, R.; Davis, K., J.; Desai, A., R.; Dragoni, D.; Etzold, S.; Grünwald, T.; Gu, L.; Heinesch, B.; Hutyra, L., R.; Jans, W., W.; Kutsch, W.; Law, B., E.; Leclerc, M., Y.; Mammarella, I.; Montagnani, L.; Noormets, A.; Rebmann, C.; and Wharton, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 149(11): 1919-1930. 2009.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Estimating nocturnal ecosystem respiration from the vertical turbulent flux and change in storage of CO2},\n type = {article},\n year = {2009},\n keywords = {FR_FON,GF_GUY},\n pages = {1919-1930},\n volume = {149},\n id = {24b82983-cef2-3b7a-8d37-dba9cf0ccd3b},\n created = {2019-02-06T10:21:25.250Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:48.498Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {VanGorsel2009},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Micrometeorological measurements of nighttime ecosystem respiration can be systematically biased when stable atmospheric conditions lead to drainage flows associated with decoupling of air flow above and within plant canopies. The associated horizontal and vertical advective fluxes cannot be measured using instrumentation on the single towers typically used at micrometeorological sites. A common approach to minimize bias is to use a threshold in friction velocity, u*, to exclude periods when advection is assumed to be important, but this is problematic in situations when in-canopy flows are decoupled from the flow above. Using data from 25 flux stations in a wide variety of forest ecosystems globally, we examine the generality of a novel approach to estimating nocturnal respiration developed by van Gorsel et al. (van Gorsel, E., Leuning, R., Cleugh, H.A., Keith, H., Suni, T., 2007. Nocturnal carbon efflux: reconciliation of eddy covariance and chamber measurements using an alternative to the u*-threshold filtering technique. Tellus 59B, 397-403, Tellus, 59B, 307-403). The approach is based on the assumption that advection is small relative to the vertical turbulent flux (FC) and change in storage (FS) of CO2 in the few hours after sundown. The sum of FC and FS reach a maximum during this period which is used to derive a temperature response function for ecosystem respiration. Measured hourly soil temperatures are then used with this function to estimate respiration RRmax. The new approach yielded excellent agreement with (1) independent measurements using respiration chambers, (2) with estimates using ecosystem light-response curves of Fc + Fs extrapolated to zero light, RLRC, and (3) with a detailed process-based forest ecosystem model, Rcast. At most sites respiration rates estimated using the u*-filter, Rust, were smaller than RRmax and RLRC. Agreement of our approach with independent measurements indicates that RRmax provides an excellent estimate of nighttime ecosystem respiration. © 2009 Elsevier B.V.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {van Gorsel, Eva and Delpierre, Nicolas and Leuning, Ray and Black, Andy and Munger, J. William and Wofsy, Steven and Aubinet, Marc and Feigenwinter, Christian and Beringer, Jason and Bonal, Damien and Chen, Baozhang and Chen, Jiquan and Clement, Robert and Davis, Kenneth J. and Desai, Ankur R. and Dragoni, Danilo and Etzold, Sophia and Grünwald, Thomas and Gu, Lianhong and Heinesch, Bernhard and Hutyra, Lucy R. and Jans, Wilma W.P. and Kutsch, Werner and Law, B. E. and Leclerc, Monique Y. and Mammarella, Ivan and Montagnani, Leonardo and Noormets, Asko and Rebmann, Corinna and Wharton, Sonia},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agrformet.2009.06.020},\n journal = {Agricultural and Forest Meteorology},\n number = {11}\n}

\n\n\n

\n Micrometeorological measurements of nighttime ecosystem respiration can be systematically biased when stable atmospheric conditions lead to drainage flows associated with decoupling of air flow above and within plant canopies. The associated horizontal and vertical advective fluxes cannot be measured using instrumentation on the single towers typically used at micrometeorological sites. A common approach to minimize bias is to use a threshold in friction velocity, u*, to exclude periods when advection is assumed to be important, but this is problematic in situations when in-canopy flows are decoupled from the flow above. Using data from 25 flux stations in a wide variety of forest ecosystems globally, we examine the generality of a novel approach to estimating nocturnal respiration developed by van Gorsel et al. (van Gorsel, E., Leuning, R., Cleugh, H.A., Keith, H., Suni, T., 2007. Nocturnal carbon efflux: reconciliation of eddy covariance and chamber measurements using an alternative to the u*-threshold filtering technique. Tellus 59B, 397-403, Tellus, 59B, 307-403). The approach is based on the assumption that advection is small relative to the vertical turbulent flux (FC) and change in storage (FS) of CO2 in the few hours after sundown. The sum of FC and FS reach a maximum during this period which is used to derive a temperature response function for ecosystem respiration. Measured hourly soil temperatures are then used with this function to estimate respiration RRmax. The new approach yielded excellent agreement with (1) independent measurements using respiration chambers, (2) with estimates using ecosystem light-response curves of Fc + Fs extrapolated to zero light, RLRC, and (3) with a detailed process-based forest ecosystem model, Rcast. At most sites respiration rates estimated using the u*-filter, Rust, were smaller than RRmax and RLRC. Agreement of our approach with independent measurements indicates that RRmax provides an excellent estimate of nighttime ecosystem respiration. © 2009 Elsevier B.V.\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Toward a consistency cross-check of eddy covariance flux–based and biometric estimates of ecosystem carbon balance.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Luyssaert, S.; Reichstein, M.; Schulze, E.; Janssens, I., a.; Law, B., E.; Papale, D.; Dragoni, D.; Goulden, M., L.; Granier, A.; Kutsch, W., L.; Linder, S.; Matteucci, G.; Moors, E., J.; Munger, J., W.; Pilegaard, K.; Saunders, M.; and Falge, E., M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 23(3): 1-13. 7 2009.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Toward$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Toward a consistency cross-check of eddy covariance flux–based and biometric estimates of ecosystem carbon balance},\n type = {article},\n year = {2009},\n keywords = {FR_HES,cbfr},\n pages = {1-13},\n volume = {23},\n websites = {http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2009/2008GB003377.shtml},\n month = {7},\n id = {47245f82-e185-3ac1-b0be-4314012afd85},\n created = {2020-08-28T15:56:02.103Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-08-28T15:56:02.103Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Luyssaert2009},\n source_type = {article},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Luyssaert, Sebastiaan and Reichstein, Markus and Schulze, Ernst-Detlef and Janssens, Ivan a. and Law, Beverly Elizabeth and Papale, Dario and Dragoni, D. and Goulden, Michael L. and Granier, André and Kutsch, Werner L and Linder, Sune and Matteucci, Giorgio and Moors, Eddy J. and Munger, J. William and Pilegaard, Kim and Saunders, M. and Falge, Eva M.},\n doi = {10.1029/2008GB003377},\n journal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles},\n number = {3}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Exceptional carbon uptake in European forests during the warm spring of 2007: a data-model analysis.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Delpierre, N.; Soudani, K.; François, C.; Köstner, B.; Pontailler, J.; Nikinmaa, E.; Misson, L.; Aubinet, M.; Bernhofer, C.; Granier, A.; Grünwald, T.; Heinesch, B.; Longdoz, B.; Ourcival, J.; Rambal, S.; Vesala, T.; and Dufrêne, E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global Change Biology, 15(6): 1455-1474. 6 2009.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Exceptional$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Exceptional carbon uptake in European forests during the warm spring of 2007: a data-model analysis},\n type = {article},\n year = {2009},\n keywords = {FR_FON,FR_HES,FR_PUE,paper_carbofrance},\n pages = {1455-1474},\n volume = {15},\n websites = {http://blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01835.x},\n month = {6},\n id = {f8d3b223-461a-33c4-847f-76210d66a375},\n created = {2020-08-28T15:56:02.418Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-08-28T15:56:02.418Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Delpierre2009a},\n source_type = {article},\n notes = {<b>From Duplicate 1 (<i>Exceptional carbon uptake in European forests during the warm spring of 2007: a data-model analysis</i> - Delpierre, Nicolas; Soudani, K.; François, C.; Köstner, B.; Pontailler, J.-Y.; Nikinmaa, E.; Misson, Laurent; Aubinet, Marc; Bernhofer, Christian; Granier, André; Grünwald, Thomas; Heinesch, B.; Longdoz, Bernard; Ourcival, Jean-Marc; Rambal, S.; Vesala, T.; Dufrêne, Eric)<br/></b><br/><b>From Duplicate 1 ( <i>Exceptional carbon uptake in European forests during the warm spring of 2007: a data-model analysis</i> - Delpierre, Nicolas; Soudani, K.; François, C.; Köstner, B.; Pontailler, J.-Y.; Nikinmaa, E.; Misson, L.; Aubinet, Marc; Bernhofer, Christian; Granier, André; Grünwald, Thomas; Heinesch, B.; Longdoz, Bernard; Ourcival, Jean-Marc; Rambal, S.; Vesala, T.; Dufrêne, Eric )<br/></b><br/><br/><b>From Duplicate 2 (<i>Exceptional carbon uptake in European forests during the warm spring of 2007: a data-model analysis</i> - Delpierre, Nicolas; Soudani, K; François, C; Köstner, B; Pontailler, J.-Y.; Nikinmaa, E; Misson, Laurent; Aubinet, Marc; Bernhofer, Christian; Granier, André; Grünwald, Thomas; Heinesch, B; Longdoz, Bernard; Ourcival, Jean-Marc; Rambal, S; Vesala, T; Dufrêne, Eric)<br/></b><br/>From Duplicate 1 ( Exceptional carbon uptake in European forests during the warm spring of 2007: a data-model analysis - Delpierre, Nicolas; Soudani, K.; François, C.; Köstner, B.; Pontailler, J.-Y.; Nikinmaa, E.; Misson, L.; Aubinet, Marc; Bernhofer, Christian; Granier, André; Grünwald, Thomas; Heinesch, B.; Longdoz, Bernard; Ourcival, Jean-Marc; Rambal, S.; Vesala, T.; Dufrêne, Eric )},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Delpierre, Nicolas and Soudani, K. and François, C. and Köstner, B. and Pontailler, J.-Y. and Nikinmaa, E. and Misson, Laurent and Aubinet, Marc and Bernhofer, Christian and Granier, André and Grünwald, Thomas and Heinesch, B. and Longdoz, Bernard and Ourcival, Jean-Marc and Rambal, S. and Vesala, T. and Dufrêne, Eric},\n doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01835.x},\n journal = {Global Change Biology},\n number = {6}\n}

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\n \n 2008\n \n \n (12)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Carbon dioxide and energy flux partitioning between the understorey and the overstorey of a maritime pine forest during a year with reduced soil water availability.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Jarosz, N.; Brunet, Y.; Lamaud, E.; Irvine, M.; Bonnefond, J.; and Loustau, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 148(10): 1508-1523. 9 2008.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Carbon$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Carbon dioxide and energy flux partitioning between the understorey and the overstorey of a maritime pine forest during a year with reduced soil water availability},\n type = {article},\n year = {2008},\n pages = {1508-1523},\n volume = {148},\n websites = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S016819230800141X},\n month = {9},\n id = {a19f6076-4a7b-394d-a6c8-ef715922d348},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:20.000Z},\n accessed = {2014-10-14},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Jarosz2008},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Jarosz, Nathalie and Brunet, Yves and Lamaud, Eric and Irvine, Mark and Bonnefond, Jean-Marc and Loustau, Denis},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agrformet.2008.05.001},\n journal = {Agricultural and Forest Meteorology},\n number = {10},\n keywords = {FR_LBR}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Impact of severe dry season on net ecosystem exchange in the Neotropical rainforest of French Guiana.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Bonal, D.; Bosc, A.; Ponton, S.; Goret, J.; Burban, B.; Gross, P.; Bonnefond, J.; Elbers, J.; Longdoz, B.; Epron, D.; Guehl, J.; and Granier, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global Change Biology, 14(8): 1917-1933. 8 2008.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Impact$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Impact of severe dry season on net ecosystem exchange in the Neotropical rainforest of French Guiana},\n type = {article},\n year = {2008},\n pages = {1917-1933},\n volume = {14},\n websites = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01610.x},\n month = {8},\n id = {65265704-65ad-3b9e-a115-4e15a64ddffe},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:29.000Z},\n accessed = {2014-10-30},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Bonal2008},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Bonal, Damien and Bosc, Alexandre and Ponton, Stéphane and Goret, Jean-Yves and Burban, Benoît and Gross, Patrick and Bonnefond, Jean-Marc and Elbers, Jan and Longdoz, Bernard and Epron, Daniel and Guehl, Jean-Marc and Granier, André},\n doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01610.x},\n journal = {Global Change Biology},\n number = {8},\n keywords = {GF_GUY}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Analyse comparative des flux stomatiques et non stomatiques de CO2 et d’ozone de trois agroécosystèmes aquitains.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Stella, P.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Technical Report 2008.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@techreport{\n title = {Analyse comparative des flux stomatiques et non stomatiques de CO2 et d’ozone de trois agroécosystèmes aquitains},\n type = {techreport},\n year = {2008},\n id = {74bec802-1096-32d7-8bd4-7098f33c54bc},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:32.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Stella2008},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {techreport},\n author = {Stella, Patrick},\n keywords = {FR_BIL,bilos}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Ten years of fluxes and stand growth in a young beech forest at Hesse, North-eastern France.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Granier, A.; Bréda, N.; Longdoz, B.; Gross, P.; and Ngao, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Annals of Forest Science, 65(7): 704. 10 2008.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Ten$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Ten years of fluxes and stand growth in a young beech forest at Hesse, North-eastern France},\n type = {article},\n year = {2008},\n pages = {704},\n volume = {65},\n websites = {http://www.afs-journal.org/10.1051/forest:2008052},\n month = {10},\n id = {559fb119-b92d-3699-b831-0118f373c0a6},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:35.000Z},\n accessed = {2010-07-20},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {true},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Granier2008},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Granier, André and Bréda, Nathalie and Longdoz, Bernard and Gross, Patrick and Ngao, Jérôme},\n doi = {10.1051/forest:2008052},\n journal = {Annals of Forest Science},\n number = {7},\n keywords = {FR_HES,cbfr,hesse}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Old-growth forests as global carbon sinks.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Luyssaert, S.; Schulze, E., D.; Börner, A.; Knohl, A.; Hessenmöller, D.; Law, B., E.; Ciais, P.; Grace, J.; Boerner, A.; Hessenmoeller, D.; Borner, A.; and Hessenmoller, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Nature, 455(7210): 213-215. 2008.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Old-growth$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Old-growth forests as global carbon sinks},\n type = {article},\n year = {2008},\n keywords = {15th Century,16th Century,17th Century,18th Century,19th Century,20th Century,21st Century,AGE,Ancient,Animals,Atmosphere,Atmosphere: chemistry,BOREAL,Biomass,Carbon,Carbon Dioxide,Carbon Dioxide: metabolism,Carbon: metabolism,DECLINE,DIOXIDE,Databases,Disasters,EXCHANGE,Ecosystem,Factual,History,Human Activities,Medieval,NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION,PONDEROSA PINE,STORAGE,TEMPERATE,Time Factors,Trees,Trees: metabolism},\n pages = {213-215},\n volume = {455},\n websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18784722},\n id = {cb5cd0e9-7b5e-3933-9218-e31125393694},\n created = {2016-03-11T08:42:08.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Luyssaert2008b},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Old- growth forests remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere(1,2) at rates that vary with climate and nitrogen deposition(3). The sequestered carbon dioxide is stored in live woody tissues and slowly decomposing organic matter in litter and soil(4). Old- growth forests therefore serve as a global carbon dioxide sink, but they are not protected by international treaties, because it is generally thought that ageing forests cease to accumulate carbon(5,6). Here we report a search of literature and databases for forest carbon- flux estimates. We find that in forests between 15 and 800 years of age, net ecosystem productivity ( the net carbon balance of the forest including soils) is usually positive. Our results demonstrate that old- growth forests can continue to accumulate carbon, contrary to the long-standing view that they are carbon neutral. Over 30 per cent of the global forest area is unmanaged primary forest, and this area contains the remaining old- growth forests(7). Half of the primary forests (6 x 10(8) hectares) are located in the boreal and temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. On the basis of our analysis, these forests alone sequester about 1.3 +/- 0.5 gigatonnes of carbon per year. Thus, our findings suggest that 15 per cent of the global forest area, which is currently not considered when offsetting increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, provides at least 10 per cent of the global net ecosystem productivity(8). Old- growth forests accumulate carbon for centuries and contain large quantities of it. We expect, however, that much of this carbon, even soil carbon(9), will move back to the atmosphere if these forests are disturbed.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Luyssaert, Sebastiaan and Schulze, E-Detlef Detlef and Börner, Annett and Knohl, Alexander and Hessenmöller, Dominik and Law, Beverly E and Ciais, Philippe and Grace, John and Boerner, Annett and Hessenmoeller, Dominik and Borner, A and Hessenmoller, D},\n doi = {10.1038/nature07276},\n journal = {Nature},\n number = {7210}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Multi-year model analysis of GPP in a temperate beech forest in France.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Verbeeck, H.; Samson, R.; Granier, A.; Montpied, P.; and Lemeur, R.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Ecological Modelling, 210(1-2): 85-103. 1 2008.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Multi-year$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Multi-year model analysis of GPP in a temperate beech forest in France},\n type = {article},\n year = {2008},\n keywords = {FR_HES},\n pages = {85-103},\n volume = {210},\n websites = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0304380007003675},\n month = {1},\n id = {cdf50b41-ad1a-33c4-b352-e3f4123c2afa},\n created = {2018-01-17T15:13:01.922Z},\n accessed = {2013-12-02},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2018-01-17T15:13:01.922Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Verbeeck2008},\n source_type = {article},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {In this paper gross primary production (GPP) predicted by FORUG is compared with GPP calculated from eddy covariance measurements for a beech forest in France (Hesse). Two photosynthesis formulations at leaf level are compared: the biochemically supported approach described by Farquhar et al. [Farquhar, G.D., Von Caemmerer, S., Berry, J.A., 1980. A biochemical model of photosynthetic CO2 assimilation in leaves of C3 species. Planta 12B, 549-587] (BCF) and an empirical light response curve (LRC). Five consecutive years (1996-2000) of measured GPP are compared with FORUG model predictions. Results did not discriminate between both model formulations, but good agreement between modelled and measured GPP support the reliability of FORUG for both photosynthesis approaches. Although some discrepancies appeared, the parameterization combining literature and fitted parameters can be considered as a useful strategy. Residuals were analysed to find explanations for discrepancies between model predictions and data. The increase in residuals over the years, indicate that interannual variability of GPP is not only determined by direct climatic effects. Due to interfering long-term effects, a combination of several climatic factors (drought, temperature), acclimation, environmental and management impacts account for the interannual variation in GPP. However, the long-term effect of drought appeared to be the most important driver of the interannual variability in GPP. Taking into account these long-term climate effects will be an essential step in development of better performing ecosystem models. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Verbeeck, Hans and Samson, Roeland and Granier, André and Montpied, Pierre and Lemeur, Raoul},\n doi = {10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2007.07.010},\n journal = {Ecological Modelling},\n number = {1-2}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Nitrogen controls plant canopy light-use efficiency in temperate and boreal ecosystems.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Kergoat, L.; Lafont, S.; Arneth, A.; Le Dantec, V.; and Saugier, B.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Geophysical Research, 113(G4): 1-55. 11 2008.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Nitrogen$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Nitrogen controls plant canopy light-use efficiency in temperate and boreal ecosystems},\n type = {article},\n year = {2008},\n pages = {1-55},\n volume = {113},\n websites = {http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2008/2007JG000676.shtml},\n month = {11},\n id = {859cfd8a-81b7-336d-8883-73a90063a897},\n created = {2018-01-18T16:53:31.444Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2018-01-18T16:53:31.444Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Kergoat2008},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Optimum daily light-use efficiency (LUE) and normalized canopy photosynthesis (GEE*) rate, a proxy for LUE, have been derived from eddy covariance CO2 flux measurements obtained at a range of sites located in the mid to high latitudes. These two variables were analyzed with respect to environmental conditions, plant functional types (PFT) and leaf nitrogen concentration, in an attempt to characterize their variability and their potential drivers. LUE averaged 0.0182 mol/mol with a coefficient of variation of 37% (42% for GEE*). Foliar nitrogen N of the dominant plant species was found to explain 71% of LUE (n = 26) and 62% of GEE* (n = 44) variance, across all PFTs and sites. Mean Annual Temperature, MAT, explained 27% of LUE variance, and the two factors (MAT and N) combined in a simple linear model explain 80% of LUE and 76% GEE* variance. These results showed that plant canopies in the temperate, boreal and arctic zones fit into a general scheme closely related to the one, which had been established for plant leaves worldwide. The N-MAT-LUE relationships offer perspectives for LUE-based models of terrestrial photosynthesis based on remote sensing. On a continental scale, the decrease of LUE from the temperate to the arctic zone found in the data derived from flux measurements is not in line with LUE resulting from inversion of atmospheric CO2.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Kergoat, Laurent and Lafont, Sebastien and Arneth, Almut and Le Dantec, Valérie and Saugier, Bernard},\n doi = {10.1029/2007JG000676},\n journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research},\n number = {G4}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Analysis of Near-Surface Atmospheric Variables: Validation of the SAFRAN Analysis over France.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Quintana-Seguí, P.; Le Moigne, P.; Durand, Y.; Martin, E.; Habets, F.; Baillon, M.; Canellas, C.; Franchistéguy, L.; and Morel, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 47(1): 92. 2008.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Analysis$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Analysis of Near-Surface Atmospheric Variables: Validation of the SAFRAN Analysis over France},\n type = {article},\n year = {2008},\n keywords = {paper_carbofrance},\n pages = {92},\n volume = {47},\n websites = {http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/abs/10.1175/2007JAMC1636.1},\n id = {febe5a2e-c8ca-38d4-8a94-037a91a18285},\n created = {2018-01-18T16:53:31.603Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2021-02-04T15:01:52.953Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Quintana-Segui2008},\n source_type = {article},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Quintana-Seguí, P. and Le Moigne, P. and Durand, Y. and Martin, Eric and Habets, F. and Baillon, M. and Canellas, C. and Franchistéguy, L and Morel, S.},\n doi = {10.1175/2007JAMC1636.1},\n journal = {Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology},\n number = {1}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Quality control of CarboEurope flux data – Part 1: Coupling footprint analyses with flux data quality assessment to evaluate sites in forest ecosystems.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Göckede, M.; Foken, T.; Aubinet, M.; Aurela, M.; Banza, J.; Bernhofer, C.; Bonnefond, J.; Brunet, Y.; Carrara, A.; Clement, R.; Dellwik, E.; Elbers, J.; Eugster, W.; Fuhrer, J.; Granier, A.; Grünwald, T.; Heinesch, B.; Janssens, I., A.; Knohl, A.; Koeble, R.; Laurila, T.; Longdoz, B.; Manca, G.; Marek, M.; Markkanen, T.; Mateus, J.; Matteucci, G.; Mauder, M.; Migliavacca, M.; Minerbi, S.; Moncrieff, J.; Montagnani, L.; Moors, E., J.; Ourcival, J.; Papale, D.; Pereira, J.; Pilegaard, K.; Pita, G.; Rambal, S.; Rebmann, C.; Rodrigues, A.; Rotenberg, E.; Sanz, M., J.; Sedlak, P.; Seufert, G.; Siebicke, L.; Soussana, J., F.; Valentini, R.; Vesala, T.; Verbeeck, H.; and Yakir, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeosciences, 5(2): 433-450. 3 2008.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Quality$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Quality control of CarboEurope flux data – Part 1: Coupling footprint analyses with flux data quality assessment to evaluate sites in forest ecosystems},\n type = {article},\n year = {2008},\n keywords = {FR_HES,FR_LBR,FR_PUE,FR_HES,FR_LBR,FR_PUE},\n pages = {433-450},\n volume = {5},\n websites = {http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00330700/,http://www.biogeosciences.net/5/433/2008/},\n month = {3},\n day = {26},\n id = {f56c612a-f570-3460-aeaf-6678d03de80f},\n created = {2020-08-28T15:56:01.931Z},\n accessed = {2015-01-08},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-08-28T15:56:01.931Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Gockede2008a},\n source_type = {article},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Göckede, Mathias and Foken, T and Aubinet, Marc and Aurela, M. and Banza, J. and Bernhofer, Christian and Bonnefond, Jean-Marc and Brunet, Y. and Carrara, Arnaud and Clement, R. and Dellwik, E. and Elbers, J. and Eugster, W. and Fuhrer, J. and Granier, André and Grünwald, T. and Heinesch, B. and Janssens, I. A. and Knohl, A. and Koeble, R. and Laurila, T. and Longdoz, Bernard and Manca, G. and Marek, M. and Markkanen, T. and Mateus, J. and Matteucci, G. and Mauder, M. and Migliavacca, Mirco and Minerbi, S. and Moncrieff, J. and Montagnani, Leonardo and Moors, Eddy J. and Ourcival, J.-M. and Papale, D. and Pereira, J. and Pilegaard, Kim and Pita, Gabriel and Rambal, S. and Rebmann, Corinna and Rodrigues, A. and Rotenberg, E. and Sanz, M. J. and Sedlak, P. and Seufert, G. and Siebicke, L. and Soussana, Jean François and Valentini, R. and Vesala, T. and Verbeeck, Hans and Yakir, D.},\n doi = {10.5194/bg-5-433-2008},\n journal = {Biogeosciences},\n number = {2}\n}

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\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Characterisation of ecosystem water-use efficiency of european forests from eddy covariance measurements.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Kuglitsch, F., G.; Reichstein, M.; Beer, C.; Carrara, A.; Ceulemans, R.; Granier, A., A.; Janssens, I., A.; Koestner, B.; Lindroth, A.; Loustau, D.; Matteucci, G.; Montagnani, L.; Moors, E., J.; Papale, D.; Pilegaard, K.; Rambal, S.; Rebmann, C.; Schulze, E.; Seufert, G.; Verbeeck, H.; Vesala, T.; Aubinet, M.; Bernhofer, C.; Foken, T.; Grünwald, T.; Heinesch, B.; Kutsch, W.; Laurila, T.; Longdoz, B.; Miglietta, F.; Sanz, M., J.; and Valentini, R.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeosciences Discussions, 5(6): 4481-4519. 2008.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Characterisation of ecosystem water-use efficiency of european forests from eddy covariance measurements},\n type = {article},\n year = {2008},\n keywords = {FR_HES,FR_LBR,FR_PUE,lebray},\n pages = {4481-4519},\n volume = {5},\n id = {c7f833a6-7c1d-3a75-a3a6-a7b4b98f140c},\n created = {2020-08-28T15:56:02.246Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-08-28T15:56:02.246Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {true},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Kuglitsch2008},\n source_type = {article},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Water-use efficiency (WUE) has been recognized as an important characteristic of vegetation productivity in various natural scientific disciplines for decades, but only recently at the ecosystem level, where different ways exist to characterize water-use efficiency. Hence, the objective of this research was (a) to systematically compare different ways of calculating ecosystem water-use efficiency (WUEe) from eddy-covariance measurements, (b) quantify the diurnal, seasonal and interannual variability of WUEe in relation to meteorological conditions, and (c) analyse between-site variability of WUEe as affected by vegetation type and climatic conditions, across sites in European forest ecosystems. Day-to-day variability of gross primary productivity (GPP) and evapotranspiration (ET) were more strongly coupled than net ecosystem production (NEP) and ET, obviously because NEP also depends on the respiration that is not heavily coupled to water fluxes. However, the slope of daytime NEP versus ET (mNEP) from half-hourly measurements of a single day may also be used as a WUEe-estimate giving very similar results to those of the GPP-ET slope (mGPP), since the diurnal variation is dominated by GPP. Since ET is the sum of transpiration (linked to GPP) and evaporation from wet vegetation and soil surfaces (not linked to GPP) we expected that WUEe is increasing when days after rain are excluded from the analysis. However only very minor changes were found, justifying an analysis of WUEe related to vegetation type. In most of the studied ecosystems the instantaneous WUEGPP was quite sensitive to diurnally varying meteorological conditions and tended to decline from the morning to the afternoon by more than 50% because of increasing vapour pressure deficits (VPD). Seasonally, WUEGPP increased with a rising monthly precipitation sum and rising average monthly temperatures up to a threshold of 11, 14 and 18 C in boreal, temperate and Mediterranean ecosystems, respectively. Across all sites, the highest monthly WUE GPP-values were detected at times of positive anomalies of summer-precipitation. During drought periods with high temperatures, high VPD, little precipitation and low soil water content, the water-use efficiency of gross carbon uptake (WUEGPP) tended to decrease in all forest types because of a stronger decline of GPP compared to ET. However the largest variation of growing season WUEGPP was found between-sites and significantly related to vegetation type: WUEGPP was highest in ecosystems dominated by deciduous trees ranging from 5.0 g CO2 kg H2O&minus;1 for temperate broad-leaved deciduous forests (TD), to 4.5 for temperate mixed forests (TM), 3.5 for temperate evergreen conifers (TC), 3.4 for Mediterranean broad-leaved deciduous forests (MD), 3.3 for Mediterranean broad-leaved evergreen forests (Mbeg), 3.1 for Mediterranean evergreen conifers (MC), 2.9 for boreal evergreen conifers (BC) and only 1.2 g CO2 kg H2O &minus;1 for a boreal wetland site (BT). Although vegetation type and meteorology co-vary, the WUEGPP variation was hardly related to meteorology, as we could show by comparing similar meteorological conditions only. Furthermore we compared across-site WUEGPP only under conditions when the 10% high GPP rates were exhibited. The between site differences remained, and at all sites ecosystem reached higher WUE GPP levels under this condition. This means when vegetation is most productive usually it also maximises the amount of carbon gained per water lost. Overall our results show that water-use efficiency exhibits a strong time-scale dependency in the sense that at longer time-scale meteorological conditions play a smaller role compared to shorter time scale. Moreover, we highlight the role of vegetation in determining carbon-water relation at ecosystem level. Consequently, all predictions of changing carbon-water cycle under changing climate should take into this role and the differences between vegetation types. These results show the strong time-scale dependency of water-use efficiency.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Kuglitsch, F G and Reichstein, Markus and Beer, Christian and Carrara, Arnaud and Ceulemans, Reinhart and Granier, André Andre and Janssens, I. A. and Koestner, B. and Lindroth, A. and Loustau, Denis and Matteucci, G. and Montagnani, Leonardo and Moors, E. J. and Papale, D. and Pilegaard, Kim and Rambal, S. and Rebmann, Corinna and Schulze, Ernst-Detlef and Seufert, G. and Verbeeck, Hans and Vesala, T. and Aubinet, Marc and Bernhofer, Christian and Foken, T. and Grünwald, T. and Heinesch, B. and Kutsch, W. and Laurila, T. and Longdoz, Bernard and Miglietta, Franco and Sanz, M. J. and Valentini, R.},\n doi = {10.5194/bgd-5-4481-2008},\n journal = {Biogeosciences Discussions},\n number = {6}\n}

\n\n\n

\n Water-use efficiency (WUE) has been recognized as an important characteristic of vegetation productivity in various natural scientific disciplines for decades, but only recently at the ecosystem level, where different ways exist to characterize water-use efficiency. Hence, the objective of this research was (a) to systematically compare different ways of calculating ecosystem water-use efficiency (WUEe) from eddy-covariance measurements, (b) quantify the diurnal, seasonal and interannual variability of WUEe in relation to meteorological conditions, and (c) analyse between-site variability of WUEe as affected by vegetation type and climatic conditions, across sites in European forest ecosystems. Day-to-day variability of gross primary productivity (GPP) and evapotranspiration (ET) were more strongly coupled than net ecosystem production (NEP) and ET, obviously because NEP also depends on the respiration that is not heavily coupled to water fluxes. However, the slope of daytime NEP versus ET (mNEP) from half-hourly measurements of a single day may also be used as a WUEe-estimate giving very similar results to those of the GPP-ET slope (mGPP), since the diurnal variation is dominated by GPP. Since ET is the sum of transpiration (linked to GPP) and evaporation from wet vegetation and soil surfaces (not linked to GPP) we expected that WUEe is increasing when days after rain are excluded from the analysis. However only very minor changes were found, justifying an analysis of WUEe related to vegetation type. In most of the studied ecosystems the instantaneous WUEGPP was quite sensitive to diurnally varying meteorological conditions and tended to decline from the morning to the afternoon by more than 50% because of increasing vapour pressure deficits (VPD). Seasonally, WUEGPP increased with a rising monthly precipitation sum and rising average monthly temperatures up to a threshold of 11, 14 and 18 C in boreal, temperate and Mediterranean ecosystems, respectively. Across all sites, the highest monthly WUE GPP-values were detected at times of positive anomalies of summer-precipitation. During drought periods with high temperatures, high VPD, little precipitation and low soil water content, the water-use efficiency of gross carbon uptake (WUEGPP) tended to decrease in all forest types because of a stronger decline of GPP compared to ET. However the largest variation of growing season WUEGPP was found between-sites and significantly related to vegetation type: WUEGPP was highest in ecosystems dominated by deciduous trees ranging from 5.0 g CO2 kg H2O−1 for temperate broad-leaved deciduous forests (TD), to 4.5 for temperate mixed forests (TM), 3.5 for temperate evergreen conifers (TC), 3.4 for Mediterranean broad-leaved deciduous forests (MD), 3.3 for Mediterranean broad-leaved evergreen forests (Mbeg), 3.1 for Mediterranean evergreen conifers (MC), 2.9 for boreal evergreen conifers (BC) and only 1.2 g CO2 kg H2O −1 for a boreal wetland site (BT). Although vegetation type and meteorology co-vary, the WUEGPP variation was hardly related to meteorology, as we could show by comparing similar meteorological conditions only. Furthermore we compared across-site WUEGPP only under conditions when the 10% high GPP rates were exhibited. The between site differences remained, and at all sites ecosystem reached higher WUE GPP levels under this condition. This means when vegetation is most productive usually it also maximises the amount of carbon gained per water lost. Overall our results show that water-use efficiency exhibits a strong time-scale dependency in the sense that at longer time-scale meteorological conditions play a smaller role compared to shorter time scale. Moreover, we highlight the role of vegetation in determining carbon-water relation at ecosystem level. Consequently, all predictions of changing carbon-water cycle under changing climate should take into this role and the differences between vegetation types. These results show the strong time-scale dependency of water-use efficiency.\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Multiple quality tests for analysing CO 2 fluxes in a beech temperate forest.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Longdoz, B.; Gross, P.; and Granier, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeosciences, (5): 719-729. 2008.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Multiple$ Website\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Multiple quality tests for analysing CO 2 fluxes in a beech temperate forest},\n type = {article},\n year = {2008},\n pages = {719-729},\n websites = {http://www.biogeosciences.net/5/719/2008/bg-5-719-2008.pdf},\n id = {55b5ea41-9975-37fd-9d29-573e885fb2c8},\n created = {2020-08-28T15:56:02.392Z},\n accessed = {2013-12-03},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-08-28T15:56:02.392Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Longdoz2008a},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Longdoz, Bernard and Gross, Patrick and Granier, André},\n journal = {Biogeosciences},\n number = {5},\n keywords = {FR_HES}\n}

\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Predicting the decline in daily maximum transpiration rate of two pine stands during drought based on constant minimum leaf water potential and plant hydraulic conductance.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Duursma, R., a.; Kolari, P.; Perämäki, M.; Nikinmaa, E.; Hari, P.; Delzon, S.; Loustau, D.; Ilvesniemi, H.; Pumpanen, J.; Mäkelä, a.; Per\\\\\"am\\\\\"aki, M.; Nikinmaa, E.; Hari, P.; Delzon, S.; Loustau, D.; Ilvesniemi, H.; Pumpanen, J.; and Makela, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Tree physiology, 28(2): 265. 2008.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Predicting$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Predicting the decline in daily maximum transpiration rate of two pine stands during drought based on constant minimum leaf water potential and plant hydraulic conductance},\n type = {article},\n year = {2008},\n keywords = {FR_LBR,FR_LBR},\n pages = {265},\n volume = {28},\n websites = {http://treephys.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/28/2/265},\n publisher = {Oxford University Press},\n id = {a05734c3-711c-3631-880f-38a669501efd},\n created = {2020-08-28T15:56:02.448Z},\n accessed = {2010-11-29},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-08-28T15:56:02.448Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Duursma2008},\n source_type = {article},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The effect of drought on forest water use is often estimated with models, but comprehensive models require many parameters, and simple models may not be sufficiently flexible. Many tree species, Pinus species in particular, have been shown to maintain a constant minimum leaf water potential above the critical threshold for xylem embolism during drought. In such cases, prediction of the relative decline in daily maximum transpiration rate with decreasing soil water content is relatively straightforward. We constructed a soil-plant water flow model assuming constant plant conductance and daily minimum leaf water potential, but variable conductance from soil to root. We tested this model against independent data from two sites: automatic shoot chamber data and sap flow measurements from a boreal Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stand; and sap flow measurements from a maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.) stand. To focus on soil limitations to water uptake, we expressed daily maximum transpiration rate relative to the rate that would be obtained in wet soil with similar environmental variables. The comparison was successful, although the maritime pine stand showed carry-over effects of the drought that we could not explain. For the boreal Scots pine stand, daily maximum transpiration was best predicted by water content of soil deeper than 5 cm. A sensitivity analysis revealed that model predictions were relatively insensitive to the minimum leaf water potential, which can be accounted for by the importance of soil resistance of drying soil. We conclude that a model with constant plant conductance and minimum leaf water potential can accurately predict the decline in daily maximum transpiration rate during drought for these two pine stands, and that including further detail about plant compartments would add little predictive power, except in predicting recovery from severe drought.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Duursma, RA a and Kolari, P and Perämäki, M and Nikinmaa, E and Hari, P and Delzon, Sylvain and Loustau, Denis and Ilvesniemi, H and Pumpanen, J and Mäkelä, a and Per\\\\"am\\\\"aki, M. and Nikinmaa, E and Hari, P and Delzon, Sylvain and Loustau, Denis and Ilvesniemi, H and Pumpanen, J and Makela, A},\n doi = {10.1093/treephys/28.2.265},\n journal = {Tree physiology},\n number = {2}\n}

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\n \n 2007\n \n \n (15)\n \n \n

\n \n \n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n FLUXNET and modelling the global carbon cycle.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Sciences, P.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n ,610-633. 2007.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {FLUXNET and modelling the global carbon cycle},\n type = {article},\n year = {2007},\n pages = {610-633},\n id = {492fd13f-e404-396a-ab01-65919f77dc39},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:21.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Sciences2007},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Sciences, Plant},\n doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01223.x},\n keywords = {FR_LBR,le bray}\n}

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\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Optimizing a process-based ecosystem model with eddy-covariance flux measurements: A pine forest in southern France.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Santaren, D.; Peylin, P.; Viovy, N.; and Ciais, P.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 21(2): 1-15. 5 2007.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Optimizing$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Optimizing a process-based ecosystem model with eddy-covariance flux measurements: A pine forest in southern France},\n type = {article},\n year = {2007},\n pages = {1-15},\n volume = {21},\n websites = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1029/2006GB002834,http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2007/2006GB002834.shtml},\n month = {5},\n day = {22},\n id = {129394de-54ef-3940-a2f0-c12dc4fc20f4},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:21.000Z},\n accessed = {2011-07-27},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Santaren2007},\n notes = {<b>From Duplicate 1 ( </b><br/><b><br/><i>Optimizing a process-based ecosystem model with eddy-covariance flux measurements: A pine forest in southern France</i><br/></b><br/><b>- Santaren, Diego; Peylin, Philippe; Viovy, Nicolas; Ciais, Philippe )<br/><br/></b>},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Santaren, Diego and Peylin, Philippe and Viovy, Nicolas and Ciais, Philippe},\n doi = {10.1029/2006GB002834},\n journal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles},\n number = {2},\n keywords = {FR_LBR,le bray}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Reduction of ecosystem productivity and respiration during the European summer 2003 climate anomaly: a joint flux tower, remote sensing and modelling analysis.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Reichstein, M.; Ciais, P.; Papale, D.; Valentini, R.; Running, S.; Viovy, N.; Cramer, W.; Granier, A.; Ogée, J.; Allard, V.; Aubinet, M.; Bernhofer, C.; Buchmann, N.; Carrara, A.; Grünwald, T.; Heimann, M.; Heinesch, B.; Knohl, A.; Kutsch, W., L.; Loustau, D.; Manca, G.; Matteucci, G.; Miglietta, F.; Ourcival, J.; Pilegaard, K.; Pumpanen, J.; Rambal, S.; Schaphoff, S.; Seufert, G.; Soussana, J.; Sanz, M.; Vesala, T.; and Zhao, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global Change Biology, 13(3): 634-651. 3 2007.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Reduction$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Reduction of ecosystem productivity and respiration during the European summer 2003 climate anomaly: a joint flux tower, remote sensing and modelling analysis},\n type = {article},\n year = {2007},\n keywords = {FR_HES,FR_LBR,FR_LQ1,FR_PUE},\n pages = {634-651},\n volume = {13},\n websites = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01224.x},\n month = {3},\n id = {93bd1f8a-cb7d-3ed1-aa52-86cd3c13f0cb},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:30.000Z},\n accessed = {2014-01-23},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2019-04-26T14:59:00.445Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Reichstein2007d},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Reichstein, Markus and Ciais, Philippe and Papale, D. and Valentini, Riccardo and Running, S. and Viovy, Nicolas and Cramer, Wolfgang and Granier, André and Ogée, J. and Allard, V. and Aubinet, Marc and Bernhofer, Chr. and Buchmann, N. and Carrara, Arnaud and Grünwald, T. and Heimann, M. and Heinesch, B. and Knohl, A. and Kutsch, Werner L and Loustau, Denis and Manca, G. and Matteucci, Giorgio and Miglietta, Franco and Ourcival, J.M. and Pilegaard, K. and Pumpanen, J. and Rambal, S. and Schaphoff, S. and Seufert, G. and Soussana, J.-F. and Sanz, M.-J. and Vesala, T. and Zhao, M.},\n doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01224.x},\n journal = {Global Change Biology},\n number = {3}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Evidence for soil water control on carbon and water dynamics in European forests during the extremely dry year: 2003.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Granier, A.; Reichstein, M.; Bréda, N.; Janssens, I., a.; Falge, E.; Ciais, P.; Grünwald, T.; Aubinet, M.; Berbigier, P.; Bernhofer, C.; Buchmann, N.; Facini, O.; Grassi, G.; Heinesch, B.; Ilvesniemi, H.; Keronen, P.; Knohl, A.; Köstner, B.; Lagergren, F.; Lindroth, A.; Longdoz, B.; Loustau, D.; Mateus, J.; Montagnani, L.; Nys, C.; Moors, E., J.; Papale, D.; Peiffer, M.; Pilegaard, K.; Pita, G.; Pumpanen, J.; Rambal, S.; Rebmann, C.; Rodrigues, A.; Seufert, G.; Tenhunen, J., D.; Vesala, T.; and Wang, Q.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 143(1-2): 123-145. 3 2007.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Evidence$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Evidence for soil water control on carbon and water dynamics in European forests during the extremely dry year: 2003},\n type = {article},\n year = {2007},\n pages = {123-145},\n volume = {143},\n websites = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0168192306003911},\n month = {3},\n id = {b87a1f35-c852-36d7-85f1-da120b0f9beb},\n created = {2016-03-11T08:42:09.000Z},\n accessed = {2014-01-22},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2019-04-26T14:59:00.613Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Granier2007a},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Granier, André and Reichstein, Markus and Bréda, N. and Janssens, Ivan a. and Falge, E. and Ciais, Philippe and Grünwald, T. and Aubinet, Marc and Berbigier, P. and Bernhofer, C. and Buchmann, N. and Facini, O. and Grassi, G. and Heinesch, B. and Ilvesniemi, H. and Keronen, P. and Knohl, A. and Köstner, B. and Lagergren, F. and Lindroth, Anders and Longdoz, Bernard and Loustau, Denis and Mateus, J. and Montagnani, Leonardo and Nys, C. and Moors, Eddy J. and Papale, D. and Peiffer, M. and Pilegaard, K. and Pita, G. and Pumpanen, J. and Rambal, S. and Rebmann, C. and Rodrigues, A. and Seufert, G. and Tenhunen, J. D. and Vesala, T. and Wang, Q.},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agrformet.2006.12.004},\n journal = {Agricultural and Forest Meteorology},\n number = {1-2},\n keywords = {FR_HES,FR_LBR,FR_PUE}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Soil Moisture–Atmosphere Interactions during the 2003 European Summer Heat Wave.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Fischer, E., M.; Seneviratne, S., I.; Vidale, P., L.; Lüthi, D.; and Schär, C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Climate, 20(20): 5081. 2007.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Soil$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Soil Moisture–Atmosphere Interactions during the 2003 European Summer Heat Wave},\n type = {article},\n year = {2007},\n keywords = {FR_HES,FR_LBR,cbfr},\n pages = {5081},\n volume = {20},\n websites = {http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/abs/10.1175/JCLI4288.1},\n id = {4e39f8a3-30b5-33c3-9804-714b8defaf85},\n created = {2018-01-17T14:08:33.188Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2018-01-17T14:08:33.188Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Fischer2007},\n source_type = {article},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Fischer, E M and Seneviratne, Sonia I. and Vidale, P L and Lüthi, D and Schär, Christoph},\n doi = {10.1175/JCLI4288.1},\n journal = {Journal of Climate},\n number = {20}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Full accounting of the greenhouse gas (CO2, N2O, CH4) budget of nine European grassland sites.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Soussana, J., F.; Allard, V.; Pilegaard, K.; Ambus, P.; Amman, C.; Campbell, C.; Ceschia, E.; Clifton-Brown, J.; Czobel, S.; Domingues, R.; Flechard, C., R.; Fuhrer, J.; Hensen, A.; Horvath, L.; Jones, M.; Kasper, G.; Martin, C.; Nagy, Z.; Neftel, A.; Raschi, A.; Baronti, S.; Rees, R., M.; Skiba, U.; Stefani, P.; Manca, G.; Sutton, M.; Tuba, Z.; and Valentini, R.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 121(1-2): 121-134. 2007.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Full accounting of the greenhouse gas (CO2, N2O, CH4) budget of nine European grassland sites},\n type = {article},\n year = {2007},\n keywords = {Carbon sequestration,Livestock,Methane,Nitrogen cycle,Nitrous oxide},\n pages = {121-134},\n volume = {121},\n id = {3877cc1d-9373-3f5b-9ee8-8c54553d3610},\n created = {2018-01-18T16:07:29.098Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2021-02-11T10:41:49.460Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Soussana2007},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The full greenhouse gas balance of nine contrasted grassland sites covering a major climatic gradient over Europe was measured during two complete years. The sites include a wide range of management regimes (rotational grazing, continuous grazing and mowing), the three main types of managed grasslands across Europe (sown, intensive permanent and semi-natural grassland) and contrasted nitrogen fertilizer supplies. At all sites, the net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of CO2was assessed using the eddy covariance technique. N2O emissions were monitored using various techniques (GC-cuvette systems, automated chambers and tunable diode laser) and CH4emissions resulting from enteric fermentation of the grazing cattle were measured in situ at four sites using the SF6tracer method. Averaged over the two measurement years, net ecosystem exchange (NEE) results show that the nine grassland plots displayed a net sink for atmospheric CO2of -240 ± 70 g C m-2year-1(mean ± confidence interval at p > 0.95). Because of organic C exports (from cut and removed herbage) being usually greater than C imports (from manure spreading), the average C storage (net biome productivity, NBP) in the grassland plots was estimated at -104 ± 73 g C m-2year-1, that is 43% of the atmospheric CO2sink. On average of the 2 years, the grassland plots displayed annual N2O and CH4(from enteric fermentation by grazing cattle) emissions, in CO2-C equivalents, of 14 ± 4.7 and 32 ± 6.8 g CO2-C equiv. m-2year-1, respectively. Hence, when expressed in CO2-C equivalents, emissions of N2O and CH4resulted in a 19% offset of the NEE sink activity. An attributed GHG balance has been calculated by subtracting from the NBP: (i) N2O and CH4emissions occurring within the grassland plot and (ii) off-site emissions of CO2and CH4as a result of the digestion and enteric fermentation by cattle of the cut herbage. On average of the nine sites, the attributed GHG balance was not significantly different from zero (-85 ± 77 g CO2-C equiv. m-2year-1). The net exchanges by the grassland ecosystems of CO2and of GHG were highly correlated with the difference in carbon used by grazing versus cutting, indicating that cut grasslands have a greater on-site sink activity than grazed grasslands. However, the net biome productivity was significantly correlated to the total C used by grazing and cutting, indicating that, on average, net carbon storage declines with herbage utilisation for herbivores. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Soussana, J. F. and Allard, V. and Pilegaard, K. and Ambus, P. and Amman, C. and Campbell, C. and Ceschia, Eric and Clifton-Brown, J. and Czobel, S. and Domingues, R. and Flechard, C. R. and Fuhrer, J. and Hensen, A. and Horvath, L. and Jones, M. and Kasper, G. and Martin, C. and Nagy, Z. and Neftel, A. and Raschi, A. and Baronti, S. and Rees, R. M. and Skiba, U. and Stefani, P. and Manca, G. and Sutton, M. and Tuba, Z. and Valentini, R.},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agee.2006.12.022},\n journal = {Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment},\n number = {1-2}\n}

\n\n\n

\n The full greenhouse gas balance of nine contrasted grassland sites covering a major climatic gradient over Europe was measured during two complete years. The sites include a wide range of management regimes (rotational grazing, continuous grazing and mowing), the three main types of managed grasslands across Europe (sown, intensive permanent and semi-natural grassland) and contrasted nitrogen fertilizer supplies. At all sites, the net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of CO2was assessed using the eddy covariance technique. N2O emissions were monitored using various techniques (GC-cuvette systems, automated chambers and tunable diode laser) and CH4emissions resulting from enteric fermentation of the grazing cattle were measured in situ at four sites using the SF6tracer method. Averaged over the two measurement years, net ecosystem exchange (NEE) results show that the nine grassland plots displayed a net sink for atmospheric CO2of -240 ± 70 g C m-2year-1(mean ± confidence interval at p > 0.95). Because of organic C exports (from cut and removed herbage) being usually greater than C imports (from manure spreading), the average C storage (net biome productivity, NBP) in the grassland plots was estimated at -104 ± 73 g C m-2year-1, that is 43% of the atmospheric CO2sink. On average of the 2 years, the grassland plots displayed annual N2O and CH4(from enteric fermentation by grazing cattle) emissions, in CO2-C equivalents, of 14 ± 4.7 and 32 ± 6.8 g CO2-C equiv. m-2year-1, respectively. Hence, when expressed in CO2-C equivalents, emissions of N2O and CH4resulted in a 19% offset of the NEE sink activity. An attributed GHG balance has been calculated by subtracting from the NBP: (i) N2O and CH4emissions occurring within the grassland plot and (ii) off-site emissions of CO2and CH4as a result of the digestion and enteric fermentation by cattle of the cut herbage. On average of the nine sites, the attributed GHG balance was not significantly different from zero (-85 ± 77 g CO2-C equiv. m-2year-1). The net exchanges by the grassland ecosystems of CO2and of GHG were highly correlated with the difference in carbon used by grazing versus cutting, indicating that cut grasslands have a greater on-site sink activity than grazed grasslands. However, the net biome productivity was significantly correlated to the total C used by grazing and cutting, indicating that, on average, net carbon storage declines with herbage utilisation for herbivores. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Long-term steady state 13C labelling to investigate soil carbon turnover in grasslands.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Klumpp, K.; Soussana, J., F.; and Falcimagne, R.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeosciences, 4(3): 385-394. 2007.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Long-term$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Long-term steady state 13C labelling to investigate soil carbon turnover in grasslands},\n type = {article},\n year = {2007},\n pages = {385-394},\n volume = {4},\n websites = {http://www.biogeosciences.net/4/385/2007/},\n id = {09a761d0-844d-3c0e-a8f4-f2d75c53ad43},\n created = {2018-01-18T16:41:05.295Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:47.463Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Klumpp2007a},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Abstract. We have set up a facility allowing steady state 13CO2 labeling of short stature vegetation (12 m2) for several years. 13C labelling is obtained by scrubbing the CO2 from outdoors air with a self-regenerating molecular sieve and by replacing it with 13C depleted (-34.70.03) fossil-fuel derived CO2 The facility, which comprises 16 replicate mesocosms, allows to trace the fate of photosynthetic carbon in plant-soil systems in natural light and at outdoors temperature. This method was applied to the study of soil organic carbon turnover in temperate grasslands. We tested the hypothesis that a low disturbance by grazing and cutting of the grassland increases the mean residence time of carbon in coarse (>0.2 mm) soil organic fractions. Grassland monoliths (0.50.50.4 m) were sampled from high and low disturbance treatments in a long-term (14 yrs) grazing experiment and were placed during two years in the mesocosms. During daytime, the canopy enclosure in each mesocosm was supplied in an open flow with air at mean CO2 concentration of 425 µmol mol-1 and ?13C of -21.50.27. Fully labelled mature grass leaves reached a ?13C of -40.8 (0.93) and -42.2 (0.60) in the low and high disturbance treatments, respectively, indicating a mean 13C labelling intensity of 12.7 compared to unlabelled control grass leaves. After two years, the delta 13C value of total soil organic matter above 0.2 mm was reduced in average by 7.8 in the labelled monoliths compared to controls. The isotope mass balance technique was used to calculate for the top (010 cm) soil the fraction of 13C labelled carbon in the soil organic matter above 0.2 mm (i.e. roots, rhizomes and particulate organic matter). A first order exponential decay model fitted to the unlabelled C in this fraction shows an increase in mean residence time from 22 to 31 months at low compared to high disturbance. A slower decay of roots, rhizomes and particulate organic matter above 0.2 mm is therefore likely to contribute to the observed increased in soil carbon sequestration in grassland monoliths exposed to low disturbance.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Klumpp, K and Soussana, J F and Falcimagne, R},\n doi = {10.5194/bg-4-385-2007},\n journal = {Biogeosciences},\n number = {3}\n}

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\n Abstract. We have set up a facility allowing steady state 13CO2 labeling of short stature vegetation (12 m2) for several years. 13C labelling is obtained by scrubbing the CO2 from outdoors air with a self-regenerating molecular sieve and by replacing it with 13C depleted (-34.70.03) fossil-fuel derived CO2 The facility, which comprises 16 replicate mesocosms, allows to trace the fate of photosynthetic carbon in plant-soil systems in natural light and at outdoors temperature. This method was applied to the study of soil organic carbon turnover in temperate grasslands. We tested the hypothesis that a low disturbance by grazing and cutting of the grassland increases the mean residence time of carbon in coarse (>0.2 mm) soil organic fractions. Grassland monoliths (0.50.50.4 m) were sampled from high and low disturbance treatments in a long-term (14 yrs) grazing experiment and were placed during two years in the mesocosms. During daytime, the canopy enclosure in each mesocosm was supplied in an open flow with air at mean CO2 concentration of 425 µmol mol-1 and ?13C of -21.50.27. Fully labelled mature grass leaves reached a ?13C of -40.8 (0.93) and -42.2 (0.60) in the low and high disturbance treatments, respectively, indicating a mean 13C labelling intensity of 12.7 compared to unlabelled control grass leaves. After two years, the delta 13C value of total soil organic matter above 0.2 mm was reduced in average by 7.8 in the labelled monoliths compared to controls. The isotope mass balance technique was used to calculate for the top (010 cm) soil the fraction of 13C labelled carbon in the soil organic matter above 0.2 mm (i.e. roots, rhizomes and particulate organic matter). A first order exponential decay model fitted to the unlabelled C in this fraction shows an increase in mean residence time from 22 to 31 months at low compared to high disturbance. A slower decay of roots, rhizomes and particulate organic matter above 0.2 mm is therefore likely to contribute to the observed increased in soil carbon sequestration in grassland monoliths exposed to low disturbance.\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Effects of past and current disturbance on carbon cycling in grassland mesocosms.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Klumpp, K.; Soussana, J., F.; and Falcimagne, R.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 121(1-2): 59-73. 2007.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Effects of past and current disturbance on carbon cycling in grassland mesocosms},\n type = {article},\n year = {2007},\n keywords = {Carbon sequestration,GREENGRASS,Grazing,Primary productivity,Respiration,Soil organic carbon},\n pages = {59-73},\n volume = {121},\n id = {fd6f1d66-4028-3b15-8108-eacff323a28b},\n created = {2018-01-18T16:41:05.301Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:47.356Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Klumpp2007},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {In species rich grasslands, management factors may affect carbon storage both directly (e.g. defoliation) and indirectly, by altering plant community structure. We set up a mesocosm experiment to separate these direct and indirect effects. Monoliths were sampled from two plots of a semi-natural, species-rich pasture at Theix (France), which had been subjected to contrasted disturbance levels, high versus low grazing, for 14 years. These monoliths were placed in transparent enclosures in natural light and temperature conditions. At the start of the experiment, half of the monoliths in each disturbance treatment were shifted to the opposite disturbance regime. Above and below ground CO2 fluxes were then measured continuously over 2 years. The net below ground carbon storage was positively correlated (P < 0.001) with net ecosystem productivity (NEP) and was negatively correlated (P < 0.001) with above ground net primary productivity. The net canopy photosynthesis, net ecosystem productivity and net below ground carbon storage were significantly higher for ecosystems previously adapted to a low rather than a high disturbance regime, irrespective of the disturbance level during the mesocosm experiment. In contrast, above ground net primary productivity (ANPP) was significantly enhanced by a high disturbance level during the experiment. ANPP and NEP showed a faster response to an increase rather than a decrease in disturbance level during the experiment. Grassland ecosystems adapted to frequent disturbance by grazing and cutting stored less carbon compared to ecosystems adapted to a low disturbance regime. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Klumpp, K. and Soussana, J. F. and Falcimagne, R.},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agee.2006.12.005},\n journal = {Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment},\n number = {1-2}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Mesoscale covariance of transport and CO2 fluxes: Evidence from observations and simulations using the WRF-VPRM coupled atmosphere-biosphere model.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Ahmadov, R.; Gerbig, C.; Kretschmer, R.; Koerner, S.; Neininger, B.; Dolman, A., J.; and Sarrat, C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres, 112(22): 1-14. 2007.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Mesoscale covariance of transport and CO2 fluxes: Evidence from observations and simulations using the WRF-VPRM coupled atmosphere-biosphere model},\n type = {article},\n year = {2007},\n pages = {1-14},\n volume = {112},\n id = {66451d75-8d73-3ceb-9ef3-dfef35fa9552},\n created = {2018-01-18T16:41:05.303Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:48.673Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Ahmadov2007},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {We developed a modeling system which combines a mesoscale meteorological model, the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, with a diagnostic biospheric model, the Vegetation Photosynthesis and Respiration (VPRM). The WRF-VPRM modeling system was designed to realistically simulate high-resolution atmospheric CO2 concentration fields. In the system, WRF takes into account anthropogenic and biospheric CO2 fluxes and realistic initial and boundary conditions for CO2 from a global model. The system uses several "tagged" tracers for CO2 fields from different sources. VPRM uses meteorological fields from WRF and high-resolution satellite indices to simulate biospheric CO2 fluxes with realistic spatiotemporal patterns. Here we present results from the application of the model for interpretation of measurements made within the CarboEurope Regional Experiment Strategy (CERES). Simulated fields of meteorological variables and CO2 were compared against ground-based and airborne observations. In particular, the characterization by aircraft measurements turned out to be crucial for the model evaluation. The comparison revealed that the model is able to capture the main observed features in the CO2 distribution reasonably well. The simulations showed that daytime CO2 measurements made at coastal stations can be strongly affected by land breeze and subsequent sea breeze transport of CO2 respired from the vegetation during the previous night, which can lead to wrong estimates when such data are used in inverse studies. The results also show that WRF-VPRM is an effective modeling tool for addressing the near-field variability of CO2 fluxes and concentrations for observing stations around the globe.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Ahmadov, R. and Gerbig, C. and Kretschmer, R. and Koerner, S. and Neininger, B. and Dolman, A. J. and Sarrat, C.},\n doi = {10.1029/2007JD008552},\n journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres},\n number = {22}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n CO 2 balance of boreal, temperate, and tropical forests derived from a global database.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Luyssaert, S.; INGLIMA, I.; JUNG, M.; Richardson, A., D.; Reichstein, M.; PAPALE, D.; PIAO, S., L.; Schulze, E., D.; WINGATE, L.; MATTEUCCI, G.; ARAGAO, L.; Aubinet, M.; Beer, C.; Bernhofer, C.; BLACK, K., G.; Bonal, D.; Bonnefond, J., M.; CHAMBERS, J.; Ciais, P.; COOK, B.; DAVIS, K., J.; DOLMAN, A., J.; Gielen, B.; Goulden, M., L.; Grace, J.; Granier, A., A.; GRELLE, A.; GRIFFIS, T., J.; GRÜNWALD, T.; GUIDOLOTTI, G.; HANSON, P., J.; HARDING, R.; Hollinger, D., Y.; HUTYRA, L., R.; KOLARI, P.; KRUIJT, B.; Kutsch, W.; LAGERGREN, F.; Laurila, T.; LAW, B., E.; LE MAIRE, G.; LINDROTH, A.; Loustau, D.; Malhi, Y.; MATEUS, J.; Migliavacca, M.; Misson, L.; Montagnani, L.; Moncrieff, J.; MOORS, E.; Munger, J., W.; Nikinmaa, E.; OLLINGER, S., V.; Pita, G.; REBMANN, C.; Roupsard, O.; SAIGUSA, N.; SANZ, M., J.; SEUFERT, G.; SIERRA, C.; SMITH, M., L., -.; Tang, J.; Valentini, R.; VESALA, T.; and Janssens, I., A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global Change Biology, 13(12): 2509-2537. 12 2007.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"CO$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {CO 2 balance of boreal, temperate, and tropical forests derived from a global database},\n type = {article},\n year = {2007},\n keywords = {CO2,Carbon cycle,Forest ecosystems,Global database,Gross primary productivity,Net ecosystem productivity,Net primary productivity},\n pages = {2509-2537},\n volume = {13},\n websites = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01439.x},\n month = {12},\n id = {9061bd28-e275-3f16-9642-6a0d2da3a9b9},\n created = {2018-01-18T16:41:05.385Z},\n accessed = {2014-07-14},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2019-04-26T14:58:59.967Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {LUYSSAERT2007},\n source_type = {article},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Terrestrial ecosystems sequester 2.1 Pg of atmospheric carbon annually. A large amount of the terrestrial sink is realized by forests. However, considerable uncertainties remain regarding the fate of this carbon over both short and long timescales. Relevant data to address these uncertainties are being collected at many sites around the world, but syntheses of these data are still sparse. To facilitate future synthesis activities, we have assembled a comprehensive global database for forest ecosystems, which includes carbon budget variables (fluxes and stocks), ecosystem traits (e.g. leaf area index, age), as well as ancillary site information such as management regime, climate, and soil characteristics. This publicly available database can be used to quantify global, regional or biome-specific carbon budgets; to re-examine established relationships; to test emerging hypotheses about ecosystem functioning [e.g. a constant net ecosystem production (NEP) to gross primary production (GPP) ratio]; and as benchmarks for model evaluations. In this paper, we present the first analysis of this database. We discuss the climatic influences on GPP, net primary production (NPP) and NEP and present the CO2 balances for boreal, temperate, and tropical forest biomes based on micrometeorological, ecophysiological, and biometric flux and inventory estimates. Globally, GPP of forests benefited from higher temperatures and precipitation whereas NPP saturated above either a threshold of 1500 mm precipitation or a mean annual temperature of 10 °C. The global pattern in NEP was insensitive to climate and is hypothesized to be mainly determined by nonclimatic conditions such as successional stage, management, site history, and site disturbance. In all biomes, closing the CO2 balance required the introduction of substantial biome-specific closure terms. Nonclosure was taken as an indication that respiratory processes, advection, and non-CO2 carbon fluxes are not presently being adequately accounted for.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Luyssaert, Sebastiaan and INGLIMA, I. and JUNG, M. and Richardson, Andrew D. and Reichstein, Markus and PAPALE, D. and PIAO, S. L. and Schulze, Ernst-Detlef D. and WINGATE, L. and MATTEUCCI, G. and ARAGAO, L. and Aubinet, Marc and Beer, Christian and Bernhofer, Christian and BLACK, K. G. and Bonal, Damien and Bonnefond, Jean-Marc M. and CHAMBERS, J. and Ciais, Philippe and COOK, B. and DAVIS, K. J. and DOLMAN, A. J. and Gielen, Bert and Goulden, Michael L. and Grace, J. and Granier, André Andre and GRELLE, A. and GRIFFIS, Timothy J. and GRÜNWALD, T. and GUIDOLOTTI, G. and HANSON, P. J. and HARDING, R. and Hollinger, D. Y. and HUTYRA, L. R. and KOLARI, P. and KRUIJT, B. and Kutsch, W. and LAGERGREN, F. and Laurila, T. and LAW, B. E. and LE MAIRE, G. and LINDROTH, A. and Loustau, Denis and Malhi, Yadvinder and MATEUS, J. and Migliavacca, Mirco and Misson, Laurent and Montagnani, Leonardo and Moncrieff, J. and MOORS, E. and Munger, J. W. and Nikinmaa, E. and OLLINGER, S. V. and Pita, Gabriel and REBMANN, C. and Roupsard, O. and SAIGUSA, N. and SANZ, M. J. and SEUFERT, G. and SIERRA, C. and SMITH, M. L. -L. and Tang, J. and Valentini, R. and VESALA, T. and Janssens, I. A.},\n doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01439.x},\n journal = {Global Change Biology},\n number = {12}\n}

\n\n\n

\n Terrestrial ecosystems sequester 2.1 Pg of atmospheric carbon annually. A large amount of the terrestrial sink is realized by forests. However, considerable uncertainties remain regarding the fate of this carbon over both short and long timescales. Relevant data to address these uncertainties are being collected at many sites around the world, but syntheses of these data are still sparse. To facilitate future synthesis activities, we have assembled a comprehensive global database for forest ecosystems, which includes carbon budget variables (fluxes and stocks), ecosystem traits (e.g. leaf area index, age), as well as ancillary site information such as management regime, climate, and soil characteristics. This publicly available database can be used to quantify global, regional or biome-specific carbon budgets; to re-examine established relationships; to test emerging hypotheses about ecosystem functioning [e.g. a constant net ecosystem production (NEP) to gross primary production (GPP) ratio]; and as benchmarks for model evaluations. In this paper, we present the first analysis of this database. We discuss the climatic influences on GPP, net primary production (NPP) and NEP and present the CO2 balances for boreal, temperate, and tropical forest biomes based on micrometeorological, ecophysiological, and biometric flux and inventory estimates. Globally, GPP of forests benefited from higher temperatures and precipitation whereas NPP saturated above either a threshold of 1500 mm precipitation or a mean annual temperature of 10 °C. The global pattern in NEP was insensitive to climate and is hypothesized to be mainly determined by nonclimatic conditions such as successional stage, management, site history, and site disturbance. In all biomes, closing the CO2 balance required the introduction of substantial biome-specific closure terms. Nonclosure was taken as an indication that respiratory processes, advection, and non-CO2 carbon fluxes are not presently being adequately accounted for.\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Atmospheric CO2 modeling at the regional scale: an intercomparison of 5 meso-scale atmospheric models.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Sarrat, C.; Noilhan, J.; Dolman, a., J.; Gerbig, C.; Ahmadov, R.; Tolk, L., F.; Meesters, a., G., C., a.; Hutjes, R., W., a.; Ter Maat, H., W.; Pérez-Landa, G.; and Donier, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Biogeosciences Discussions, 4(3): 1923-1952. 6 2007.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Atmospheric$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Atmospheric CO2 modeling at the regional scale: an intercomparison of 5 meso-scale atmospheric models},\n type = {article},\n year = {2007},\n pages = {1923-1952},\n volume = {4},\n websites = {http://www.biogeosciences-discuss.net/4/1923/2007/},\n month = {6},\n day = {25},\n id = {da77bea1-bedc-3dbd-900f-901a18961f17},\n created = {2018-01-18T16:41:05.515Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:48.171Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Sarrat2007a},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Atmospheric CO2 modeling in interaction with the surface fluxes, at the regional scale is developed within the frame of the European project CarboEurope-IP and its Regional Experiment component. In this context, five meso-scale meteorological models at 2 km resolution participate in an intercomparison exercise. Using a common experimental protocol that imposes a large number of rules, two days of the CarboEurope Regional Experiment Strategy (CERES) campaign are simulated. A systematic evaluation of the models is done in confrontation with the observations, using statistical tools and direct comparisons. Thus, temperature and relative humidity at 2 m, wind direction, surface energy and CO2 fluxes, vertical profiles of potential temperature as well as in-situ CO2 concentrations comparisons between observations and simulations are examined. These comparisons reveal a cold bias in the simulated temperature at 2 m, the latent heat flux is often underestimated. Nevertheless, the CO2 concentrations heterogeneities are well captured by most of the models. This intercomparison exercise shows also the models ability to represent the meteorology and carbon cycling at the synoptic and regional scale in the boundary layer, but also points out some of the major shortcomings of the models.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Sarrat, C. and Noilhan, J. and Dolman, a. J. and Gerbig, C. and Ahmadov, R. and Tolk, L. F. and Meesters, a. G. C. a. and Hutjes, R. W. a. and Ter Maat, H. W. and Pérez-Landa, G. and Donier, S.},\n doi = {10.5194/bgd-4-1923-2007},\n journal = {Biogeosciences Discussions},\n number = {3}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Atmospheric CO2 modeling at the regional scale: Application to the CarboEurope Regional Experiment.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Sarrat, C.; Noilhan, J.; Lacarrère, P.; Donier, S.; Lac, C.; Calvet, J., C.; Dolman, A., J.; Gerbig, C.; Neininger, B.; Ciais, P.; Paris, J., D.; Boumard, F.; Ramonet, M.; and Butet, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Geophysical Research, 112(D12): D12105. 6 2007.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Atmospheric$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Atmospheric CO2 modeling at the regional scale: Application to the CarboEurope Regional Experiment},\n type = {article},\n year = {2007},\n pages = {D12105},\n volume = {112},\n websites = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1029/2006JD008107},\n month = {6},\n day = {16},\n id = {f3a9b1af-0ca0-3702-b029-ca8c2e951a5b},\n created = {2018-01-18T16:41:05.966Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:48.670Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Sarrat2007},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The CarboEurope Regional Experiment Strategy (CERES) experiment took place in May and June 2005 in France and offers a comprehensive database on atmospheric CO<inf>2</inf> and boundary layer processes at the regional scale. One "golden" day of CERES is interpreted with the mesoscale atmospheric model Meso-NH coupled on-line with the Interactions between Soil, Biosphere and Atmosphere, CO<inf>2</inf>-reactive (ISBA-A-gs) surface scheme, allowing a full interaction of CO<inf>2</inf> between the surface and the atmosphere. The rapid diurnal cycle of carbon coupled with water and energy fluxes is parameterized including, e.g., plant assimilation, respiration, anthropogenic emissions, and sea fluxes. During the analyzed day, frequent vertical profiles and aircraft transects revealed high spatial and temporal variabilities of CO<inf>2</inf> concentrations within the boundary layer at the regional scale: a 10-ppm gradient of CO<inf>2</inf>-mixing ratio is observed during the day by the aircraft measurements. The Meso-NH model proved able to simulate very well the CO<inf>2</inf> concentration variability as well as the spatial and temporal evolution of the surface fluxes and the boundary layer in the domain. The model is used to explain the CO<inf>2</inf> variability as a result of two complementary processes: (1) the regional heterogeneity of CO<inf>2</inf> surface fluxes related to the land cover (e.g., winter crops versus a pine forest) and (2) the variability of mesoscale circulation across the boundary layer: development of the sea breeze in the western part of the domain and dominating wind flow in the eastern part of the domain. Copyright 2007 by the American Geologiclal Union.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Sarrat, Claire and Noilhan, J. and Lacarrère, P. and Donier, S. and Lac, C. and Calvet, J. C. and Dolman, A. J. and Gerbig, C. and Neininger, B. and Ciais, P. and Paris, J. D. and Boumard, F. and Ramonet, M. and Butet, A.},\n doi = {10.1029/2006JD008107},\n journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research},\n number = {D12}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Mean annual GPP of Europe derived from its water balance.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Beer, C.; Reichstein, M.; Ciais, P.; Farquhar, G., D.; and Papale, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Geophysical Research Letters, 34(5): 13-16. 3 2007.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Mean$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Mean annual GPP of Europe derived from its water balance},\n type = {article},\n year = {2007},\n pages = {13-16},\n volume = {34},\n websites = {http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2007/2006GL029006.shtml},\n month = {3},\n id = {3d6c4120-7d18-3ce9-a39b-d4bcad53ef66},\n created = {2018-01-18T16:41:05.971Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2018-01-18T16:41:05.971Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Beer2007},\n source_type = {article},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Beer, Christian and Reichstein, Markus and Ciais, Philippe and Farquhar, Graham D. and Papale, Dario},\n doi = {10.1029/2006GL029006},\n journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},\n number = {5}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Linking flux network measurements to continental scale simulations: Ecosystem carbon dioxide exchange capacity under non-water-stressed conditions.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Owen, K., E.; Tenhunen, J.; Reichstein, M.; Wang, Q.; Falge, E.; Geyer, R.; Xiao, X.; Stoy, P., C.; Ammann, C.; Arain, A.; Aubinet, M.; Aurela, M.; Bernhofer, C.; Chojnicki, B., H.; Granier, A.; Gruenwald, T.; Hadley, J.; Heinesch, B.; Hollinger, D.; Knohl, A.; Kutsch, W.; Lohila, A.; Meyers, T.; Moors, E., J.; Moureaux, C.; Pilegaard, K.; Saigusa, N.; Verma, S.; Vesala, T.; and Vogel, C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global Change Biology, 13(4): 734-760. 2007.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Linking flux network measurements to continental scale simulations: Ecosystem carbon dioxide exchange capacity under non-water-stressed conditions},\n type = {article},\n year = {2007},\n keywords = {Carbon dioxide exchange,Crops,Eddy covariance,Forest,Grassland,Gross primary production,Model inversion,Net ecosystem exchange,Up-scaling,Wetland},\n pages = {734-760},\n volume = {13},\n id = {d563bb78-77f6-3b60-bd98-84e071a275a5},\n created = {2018-01-18T16:53:31.490Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:47.868Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Owen2007},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {This paper examines long-term eddy covariance data from 18 European and 17 North American and Asian forest, wetland, tundra, grassland, and cropland sites under non-water-stressed conditions with an empirical rectangular hyperbolic light response model and a single layer two light-class carboxylase-based model. Relationships according to ecosystem functional type are demonstrated between empirical and physiological parameters, suggesting linkages between easily estimated parameters and those with greater potential for process interpretation. Relatively sparse documentation of leaf area index dynamics at flux tower sites is found to be a major difficulty in model inversion and flux interpretation. Therefore, a simplification of the physiological model is carried out for a subset of European network sites with extensive ancillary data. The results from these selected sites are used to derive a new parameter and means for comparing empirical and physiologically based methods across all sites, regardless of ancillary data. The results from the European analysis are then compared with results from the other Northern Hemisphere sites and similar relationships for the simplified process-based parameter were found to hold for European, North American, and Asian temperate and boreal climate zones. This parameter is useful for bridging between flux network observations and continental scale spatial simulations of vegetation/atmosphere carbon dioxide exchange.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Owen, Katherine E. and Tenhunen, John and Reichstein, Markus and Wang, Quan and Falge, Eva and Geyer, Ralf and Xiao, Xiangming and Stoy, Paul C. and Ammann, Christof and Arain, Altaf and Aubinet, Marc and Aurela, Mika and Bernhofer, Christian and Chojnicki, Bogdan H. and Granier, André and Gruenwald, Thomas and Hadley, Julian and Heinesch, Bernard and Hollinger, David and Knohl, Alexander and Kutsch, Werner and Lohila, Annalea and Meyers, Tilden and Moors, Eddy J. and Moureaux, Christine and Pilegaard, Kim and Saigusa, Nobuko and Verma, Shashi and Vesala, Timo and Vogel, Chris},\n doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01326.x},\n journal = {Global Change Biology},\n number = {4}\n}

\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Photosynthesis drives anomalies in net carbon-exchange of pine forests at different latitudes.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Luyssaert, S.; Janssens, I., A.; Sulkava, M.; Papale, D.; Dolman, A., J.; Reichstein, M.; Hollmén, J.; Martin, J., G.; Suni, T.; Vesala, T.; Loustau, D.; Law, B., E.; and Moors, E., J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global Change Biology, 13(10): 2110-2127. 10 2007.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Photosynthesis$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Photosynthesis drives anomalies in net carbon-exchange of pine forests at different latitudes},\n type = {article},\n year = {2007},\n keywords = {3 may 2007,Bowen ratio,Gross primary production,Incident radiation,Net ecosystem production,Precipitation,Respiration,Temperature,Vapor pressure deficit,april 2007 and accepted,bowen ratio,gross primary production,incident radiation,net ecosystem production,precipitation,received 10 july 2006,respiration,revised version received 27,temperature,vapor pressure deficit},\n pages = {2110-2127},\n volume = {13},\n websites = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01432.x},\n month = {10},\n id = {84aa2908-4ea4-3103-91cb-191d0718a906},\n created = {2020-08-28T15:56:02.273Z},\n accessed = {2014-11-03},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-08-28T15:56:02.273Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Luyssaert2007},\n source_type = {article},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The growth rate of atmospheric CO2 exhibits large temporal variation that is largely determined by year-to-year fluctuations in land–atmosphere CO2 fluxes. This land–atmosphere CO2-flux is driven by large-scale biomass burning and variation in net ecosystem exchange (NEE). Between- and within years, NEE varies due to fluctuations in climate. Studies on climatic influences on inter- and intra-annual variability in gross photosynthesis (GPP) and net carbon uptake in terrestrial ecosystems have shown conflicting results. These conflicts are in part related to differences in methodology and in part to the limited duration of some studies. Here, we introduce an observation-driven methodology that provides insight into the dependence of anomalies in CO2 fluxes on climatic conditions. The methodology was applied on fluxes from a boreal and two temperate pine forests. Annual anomalies in NEE were dominated by anomalies in GPP, which in turn were correlated with incident radiation and vapor pressure deficit (VPD). At all three sites positive anomalies in NEE (a reduced uptake or a stronger source than the daily sites specific long-term average) were observed on summer days characterized by low incident radiation, low VPD and high precipitation. Negative anomalies in NEE occurred mainly on summer days characterized by blue skies and mild temperatures. Our study clearly highlighted the need to use weather patterns rather than single climatic variables to understand anomalous CO2 fluxes. Temperature generally showed little direct effect on anomalies in NEE but became important when the mean daily air temperature exceeded 23 °C. On such days GPP decreased likely because VPD exceeded 2.0 kPa, inhibiting photosynthetic uptake. However, while GPP decreased, the high temperature stimulated respiration, resulting in positive anomalies in NEE. Climatic extremes in summer were more frequent and severe in the South than in the North, and had larger effects in the South because the criteria to inhibit photosynthesis are more often met.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Luyssaert, Sebastiaan and Janssens, I. A. and Sulkava, M. and Papale, D. and Dolman, A. J. and Reichstein, Markus and Hollmén, J. and Martin, J. G. and Suni, T. and Vesala, T. and Loustau, Denis and Law, B. E. and Moors, Eddy J.},\n doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01432.x},\n journal = {Global Change Biology},\n number = {10}\n}

\n\n\n

\n The growth rate of atmospheric CO2 exhibits large temporal variation that is largely determined by year-to-year fluctuations in land–atmosphere CO2 fluxes. This land–atmosphere CO2-flux is driven by large-scale biomass burning and variation in net ecosystem exchange (NEE). Between- and within years, NEE varies due to fluctuations in climate. Studies on climatic influences on inter- and intra-annual variability in gross photosynthesis (GPP) and net carbon uptake in terrestrial ecosystems have shown conflicting results. These conflicts are in part related to differences in methodology and in part to the limited duration of some studies. Here, we introduce an observation-driven methodology that provides insight into the dependence of anomalies in CO2 fluxes on climatic conditions. The methodology was applied on fluxes from a boreal and two temperate pine forests. Annual anomalies in NEE were dominated by anomalies in GPP, which in turn were correlated with incident radiation and vapor pressure deficit (VPD). At all three sites positive anomalies in NEE (a reduced uptake or a stronger source than the daily sites specific long-term average) were observed on summer days characterized by low incident radiation, low VPD and high precipitation. Negative anomalies in NEE occurred mainly on summer days characterized by blue skies and mild temperatures. Our study clearly highlighted the need to use weather patterns rather than single climatic variables to understand anomalous CO2 fluxes. Temperature generally showed little direct effect on anomalies in NEE but became important when the mean daily air temperature exceeded 23 °C. On such days GPP decreased likely because VPD exceeded 2.0 kPa, inhibiting photosynthetic uptake. However, while GPP decreased, the high temperature stimulated respiration, resulting in positive anomalies in NEE. Climatic extremes in summer were more frequent and severe in the South than in the North, and had larger effects in the South because the criteria to inhibit photosynthesis are more often met.\n

\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n\n

\n \n 2006\n \n \n (4)\n \n \n

\n \n \n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The CarboEurope Regional Experiment Strategy.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Dolman, A., J.; Tolk, L.; Ronda, R.; Noilhan, J.; Sarrat, C.; Brut, A.; Piguet, B.; Durand, P.; Butet, A.; Jarosz, N.; Brunet, Y.; Loustau, D.; Lamaud, E.; Miglietta, F.; Gioli, B.; Magliulo, V.; Esposito, M.; Gerbig, C.; Körner, S.; Glademard, P.; Ramonet, M.; Ciais, P.; Neininger, B.; Hutjes, R., W., A.; Elbers, J., A.; Macatangay, R.; Schrems, O.; Pérez-Landa, G.; Sanz, M., J.; Scholz, Y.; Facon, G.; Ceschia, E.; and Beziat, P.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 87(10): 1367-1379. 10 2006.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {The CarboEurope Regional Experiment Strategy},\n type = {article},\n year = {2006},\n pages = {1367-1379},\n volume = {87},\n websites = {http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/abs/10.1175/BAMS-87-10-1367},\n month = {10},\n id = {d24a30be-6894-30ab-8265-97481aa67561},\n created = {2018-01-18T15:22:42.339Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:47.564Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Dolman2006},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Dolman, A. J. and Tolk, L. and Ronda, R. and Noilhan, J. and Sarrat, C. and Brut, A. and Piguet, B. and Durand, P. and Butet, A. and Jarosz, N. and Brunet, Y. and Loustau, D. and Lamaud, E. and Miglietta, Franco and Gioli, B. and Magliulo, V. and Esposito, M. and Gerbig, C. and Körner, S. and Glademard, P. and Ramonet, M. and Ciais, P. and Neininger, B. and Hutjes, R. W. A. and Elbers, J. A. and Macatangay, R. and Schrems, O. and Pérez-Landa, G. and Sanz, M. J. and Scholz, Y. and Facon, G. and Ceschia, Eric and Beziat, P.},\n doi = {10.1175/BAMS-87-10-1367},\n journal = {Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society},\n number = {10},\n keywords = {FR_AUR,FR_BIL,FR_LAM,FR_LBR}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Effect of aggregating spatial parameters on modelling forest carbon and water fluxes.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Davi, H.; Bouriaud, O.; Dufrêne, E.; Soudani, K.; Pontailler, J.; le Maire, G.; François, C.; Bréda, N.; Granier, A.; and le Dantec, V.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 139(3-4): 269-287. 10 2006.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Effect$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Effect of aggregating spatial parameters on modelling forest carbon and water fluxes},\n type = {article},\n year = {2006},\n keywords = {carbon balance,deciduous forest,parameter averaging,simulation models,spatial scale},\n pages = {269-287},\n volume = {139},\n websites = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0168192306001791},\n month = {10},\n id = {91b9cbe6-56e8-3a4a-90e6-06da963b2800},\n created = {2018-01-18T15:27:53.006Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:48.518Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Davi2006},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Davi, H. and Bouriaud, O and Dufrêne, E. and Soudani, K and Pontailler, J.Y. and le Maire, G. and François, C. and Bréda, N. and Granier, André and le Dantec, V.},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agrformet.2006.07.007},\n journal = {Agricultural and Forest Meteorology},\n number = {3-4}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Temperate forest trees and stands under severe drought: a review of ecophysiological responses, adaptation processes and long-term consequences.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Bréda, N.; Huc, R.; Granier, A.; and Dreyer, E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Annals of Forest Science, 63(6): 625-644. 9 2006.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Temperate$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Temperate forest trees and stands under severe drought: a review of ecophysiological responses, adaptation processes and long-term consequences},\n type = {article},\n year = {2006},\n pages = {625-644},\n volume = {63},\n websites = {http://www.edpsciences.org/10.1051/forest:2006042,http://www.afs-journal.org/articles/forest/abs/2006/06/f6063/f6063.html},\n month = {9},\n day = {14},\n id = {f51c7c8b-996a-3ebf-a2d3-63d2291114c7},\n created = {2018-01-18T15:33:58.407Z},\n accessed = {2011-12-06},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2018-01-18T15:33:58.407Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Breda2006},\n notes = {<b>From Duplicate 1 ( </b><br/><br/><b><br/><i>Temperate forest trees and stands under severe drought: a review of ecophysiological responses, adaptation processes and long-term consequences</i><br/></b><br/><br/><b>- Forest, Mediterranean; Unit, Research )<br/>And Duplicate 2 ( </b><br/><br/><b><br/><i>Temperate forest trees and stands under severe drought: a review of ecophysiological responses, adaptation processes and long-term consequences</i><br/></b><br/><br/><b>- Bréda, Nathalie; Huc, Roland; Granier, André; Dreyer, Erwin )<br/><br/></b>},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Bréda, Nathalie and Huc, Roland and Granier, André and Dreyer, Erwin},\n doi = {10.1051/forest:2006042},\n journal = {Annals of Forest Science},\n number = {6}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Sensitivity of water and carbon fluxes to climate changes from 1960 to 2100 in European forest ecosystems.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Davi, H.; Dufrêne, E.; Francois, C.; Le Maire, G.; Loustau, D.; Bosc, A.; Rambal, S.; Granier, A.; and Moors, E., J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 141(1): 35-56. 2006.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Sensitivity of water and carbon fluxes to climate changes from 1960 to 2100 in European forest ecosystems},\n type = {article},\n year = {2006},\n keywords = {FR_HES,FR_LBR,FR_PUE,FR_HES,FR_LBR,FR_PUE,le bray},\n pages = {35-56},\n volume = {141},\n id = {6f38ffdf-40d7-3743-945a-e9263102a4ec},\n created = {2020-08-28T15:56:02.160Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-08-28T15:56:02.160Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Davi2006b},\n source_type = {article},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The effects of climate changes on carbon and water fluxes are quantified using a physiologically multi-layer, process-based model containing a carbon allocation model and coupled with a soil model (CASTANEA). The model is first evaluated on four EUROFLUX sites using eddy covariance data, which provide estimates of carbon and water fluxes at the ecosystem scale. It correctly reproduces the diurnal fluxes and the seasonal pattern. Thereafter simulations were conducted on six French forest ecosystems representative of three climatic areas (oceanic, continental and Mediterranean areas) dominated by deciduous species (Fagus sylvatica, Quercus robur), coniferous species (Pinus pinaster, Pinus sylvestris) or sclerophyllous evergreen species (Quercus ilex). The model is driven by the results of a meteorological model (ARPEGE) following the B2 scenario of IPCC. From 1960 to 2100, the average temperature increases by 3.1 °C (30%) and the rainfall during summer decreases by 68 mm (-27%). For all the sites, between the two periods, the simulations predict on average a gross primary production (GPP) increase of 513 g(C) m-2 (+38%). This increase is relatively steep until 2020, followed by a slowing down of the GPP rise due to an increase of the effect of water stress. Contrary to GPP, the ecosystem respiration (Reco) raises at a constant rate (350 g(C) m-2 i.e. 31% from 1960 to 2100). The dynamics of the net ecosystem productivity (GPP minus Reco) is the consequence of the effect on both GPP and Reco and differs per site. The ecosystems always remain carbon sinks; however the sink strength globally decreases for coniferous (-8%), increases for sclerophyllous evergreen (+34%) and strongly increases for deciduous forest (+67%) that largely benefits by the lengthening of the foliated period. The separately quantified effects of the main variables (temperature, length of foliated season, CO2 fertilization, drought effect), show that the magnitude of these effects depends on the species and the climatic zone. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Davi, H. and Dufrêne, E. and Francois, C and Le Maire, G. and Loustau, Denis and Bosc, Alexandre and Rambal, S and Granier, André and Moors, Eddy J.},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agrformet.2006.09.003},\n journal = {Agricultural and Forest Meteorology},\n number = {1}\n}

\n\n\n

\n The effects of climate changes on carbon and water fluxes are quantified using a physiologically multi-layer, process-based model containing a carbon allocation model and coupled with a soil model (CASTANEA). The model is first evaluated on four EUROFLUX sites using eddy covariance data, which provide estimates of carbon and water fluxes at the ecosystem scale. It correctly reproduces the diurnal fluxes and the seasonal pattern. Thereafter simulations were conducted on six French forest ecosystems representative of three climatic areas (oceanic, continental and Mediterranean areas) dominated by deciduous species (Fagus sylvatica, Quercus robur), coniferous species (Pinus pinaster, Pinus sylvestris) or sclerophyllous evergreen species (Quercus ilex). The model is driven by the results of a meteorological model (ARPEGE) following the B2 scenario of IPCC. From 1960 to 2100, the average temperature increases by 3.1 °C (30%) and the rainfall during summer decreases by 68 mm (-27%). For all the sites, between the two periods, the simulations predict on average a gross primary production (GPP) increase of 513 g(C) m-2 (+38%). This increase is relatively steep until 2020, followed by a slowing down of the GPP rise due to an increase of the effect of water stress. Contrary to GPP, the ecosystem respiration (Reco) raises at a constant rate (350 g(C) m-2 i.e. 31% from 1960 to 2100). The dynamics of the net ecosystem productivity (GPP minus Reco) is the consequence of the effect on both GPP and Reco and differs per site. The ecosystems always remain carbon sinks; however the sink strength globally decreases for coniferous (-8%), increases for sclerophyllous evergreen (+34%) and strongly increases for deciduous forest (+67%) that largely benefits by the lengthening of the foliated period. The separately quantified effects of the main variables (temperature, length of foliated season, CO2 fertilization, drought effect), show that the magnitude of these effects depends on the species and the climatic zone. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.\n

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\n \n 2005\n \n \n (10)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Carbon balance of coniferous forests growing in contrasting climates: Model-based analysis.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Medlyn, B., E.; Berbigier, P.; Clement, R.; Grelle, A.; Loustau, D.; Linder, S.; Wingate, L.; Jarvis, P., G.; Sigurdsson, B., D.; and McMurtrie, R., E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 131(1-2): 97-124. 7 2005.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Carbon$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Carbon balance of coniferous forests growing in contrasting climates: Model-based analysis},\n type = {article},\n year = {2005},\n keywords = {FR_LBR,le bray},\n pages = {97-124},\n volume = {131},\n websites = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0168192305000985},\n month = {7},\n id = {d8849ac9-b5a6-349b-a583-af57c62b9c21},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:20.000Z},\n accessed = {2012-10-10},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {true},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Medlyn2005},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Medlyn, Belinda E. and Berbigier, Paul and Clement, Robert and Grelle, Achim and Loustau, Denis and Linder, Sune and Wingate, Lisa and Jarvis, Paul G. and Sigurdsson, Bjarni D. and McMurtrie, Ross E.},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agrformet.2005.05.004},\n journal = {Agricultural and Forest Meteorology},\n number = {1-2}\n}

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\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Age-related decline in stand water use: sap flow and transpiration in a pine forest chronosequence.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Delzon, S.; and Loustau, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 129(3-4): 105-119. 4 2005.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Age-related$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Age-related decline in stand water use: sap flow and transpiration in a pine forest chronosequence},\n type = {article},\n year = {2005},\n keywords = {FR_LBR},\n pages = {105-119},\n volume = {129},\n websites = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0168192305000109},\n month = {4},\n id = {c64405d6-27ee-3909-85b4-5721ad07430b},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:29.000Z},\n accessed = {2014-10-15},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Delzon2005},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Delzon, Sylvain and Loustau, Denis},\n doi = {10.1016/j.agrformet.2005.01.002},\n journal = {Agricultural and Forest Meteorology},\n number = {3-4}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Modeling climate change effects on the potential production of French plains forests at the sub-regional level.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Loustau, D.; Bosc, A.; Colin, A.; and Ogée, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Tree, 25: 813-823. 2005.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Modeling$ Website\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Modeling climate change effects on the potential production of French plains forests at the sub-regional level},\n type = {article},\n year = {2005},\n pages = {813-823},\n volume = {25},\n websites = {http://treephys.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/25/7/813},\n id = {f50fefac-652d-3ee1-83ae-8f9e19e0fa59},\n created = {2018-01-17T14:08:32.999Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2018-01-17T14:08:32.999Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Loustau2005},\n source_type = {article},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Loustau, Denis and Bosc, Alexandre and Colin, Antoine and Ogée, Jérôme},\n journal = {Tree}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Reichstein, M.; Falge, E.; Baldocchi, D., D.; Papale, D.; Aubinet, M.; Berbigier, P.; Bernhofer, C.; Buchmann, N.; Gilmanov, T., G.; Granier, A., A.; Grunwald, T.; Havrankova, K.; Ilvesniemi, H.; Janous, D.; Knohl, A.; Laurila, T.; Lohila, A.; Loustau, D.; Matteucci, G.; Meyers, T.; Miglietta, F.; Ourcival, J.; Pumpanen, J.; Rambal, S.; Rotenberg, E.; Sanz, M.; Tenhunen, J.; Seufert, G.; Vaccari, F.; Vesala, T.; Yakir, D.; and Valentini, R.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global Change Biology, 11(9): 1424-1439. 9 2005.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"On$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm},\n type = {article},\n year = {2005},\n keywords = {001002,10,11,1111,1365-2486,1424,1439,2005,Carbon balance,Computational methods,Ecosystem respiration,Eddy covariance,Gross carbon uptake,Temperature sensitivity of respiration,assimilation and ecosystem respiration,bal change biology,doi,j,net ecosystem exchange into,on the separation of,review and,x},\n pages = {1424-1439},\n volume = {11},\n websites = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.001002.x},\n month = {9},\n id = {0d30ba12-b447-3c2c-bef5-9a1604b8980f},\n created = {2018-01-17T15:13:01.894Z},\n accessed = {2010-07-17},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2018-01-17T15:13:01.894Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Reichstein2005b},\n source_type = {article},\n notes = {<b>From Duplicate 1 (<i>On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm</i> - Reichstein, Markus; Falge, Eva; Baldocchi, Dennis D.; Papale, Dario; Aubinet, Marc; Berbigier, Paul; Bernhofer, Christian; Buchmann, Nina; Gilmanov, Tagir G.; Granier, André; Grunwald, Thomas; Havrankova, Katka; Ilvesniemi, Hannu; Janous, Dalibor; Knohl, Alexander; Laurila, Tuomas; Lohila, Annalea; Loustau, Denis; Matteucci, Giorgio; Meyers, Tilden; Miglietta, Franco; Ourcival, Jean-Marc; Pumpanen, Jukka; Rambal, Serge; Rotenberg, Eyal; Sanz, Maria; Tenhunen, John; Seufert, Gunther; Vaccari, Francesco; Vesala, Timo; Yakir, Dan; Valentini, Riccardo)<br/></b><br/><b>From Duplicate 1 ( </b><br/><b><br/><i>On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm</i><br/></b><br/><b>- Reichstein, Markus; Falge, Eva M.; Baldocchi, Dennis D.; Papale, Dario; Aubinet, Marc; Berbigier, Paul; Bernhofer, Christian; Buchmann, Nina; Gilmanov, Tagir; Granier, André; Grunwald, Thomas; Havrankova, Katka; Ilvesniemi, Hannu; Janous, Dalibor; Knohl, Alexander; Laurila, Tuomas; Lohila, Annalea; Loustau, Denis; Matteucci, Giorgio; Meyers, Tilden; Miglietta, Franco; Ourcival, Jean-Marc; Pumpanen, Jukka; Rambal, Serge; Rotenberg, Eyal; Sanz, Maria; Tenhunen, John; Seufert, Günther; Vaccari, Francesco; Vesala, Timo; Yakir, Dan; Valentini, Riccardo )<br/><br/></b><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><b>From Duplicate 2 ( </b><br/><b><br/><i>On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm</i><br/></b><br/><b>- Reichstein, Markus; Falge, Eva M.; Baldocchi, Dennis D.; Papale, Dario; Aubinet, Marc; Berbigier, Paul; Bernhofer, Christian; Buchmann, Nina; Gilmanov, Tagir; Granier, André; Grunwald, Thomas; Havrankova, Katka; Ilvesniemi, Hannu; Janous, Dalibor; Knohl, Alexander; Laurila, Tuomas; Lohila, Annalea; Loustau, Denis; Matteucci, Giorgio; Meyers, Tilden; Miglietta, Franco; Ourcival, Jean-Marc; Pumpanen, Jukka; Rambal, Serge; Rotenberg, Eyal; Sanz, Maria; Tenhunen, J. D.; Seufert, Gunther Günther; Vaccari, Francesco; Vesala, Timo; Yakir, Dan; Valentini, Riccardo )<br/><br/></b><br/><br/><br/><b>From Duplicate 2 ( </b><br/><br/><b><br/><i>On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm</i><br/></b><br/><br/><b>- Reichstein, Markus; Falge, Eva M.; Baldocchi, Dennis D.; Papale, Dario; Aubinet, Marc; Berbigier, Paul; Bernhofer, Christian; Buchmann, Nina; Gilmanov, Tagir; Granier, André; Grunwald, Thomas; Havrankova, Katka; Ilvesniemi, Hannu; Janous, Dalibor; Knohl, Alexander; Laurila, Tuomas; Lohila, Annalea; Loustau, Denis; Matteucci, Giorgio; Meyers, Tilden; Miglietta, Franco; Ourcival, Jean-Marc; Pumpanen, Jukka; Rambal, Serge; Rotenberg, Eyal; Sanz, Maria; Tenhunen, John; Seufert, Günther; Vaccari, Francesco; Vesala, Timo; Yakir, Dan; Valentini, Riccardo )<br/><br/></b><br/><br/><b>From Duplicate 2 (<i>On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm</i> - Reichstein, Markus; Falge, Eva; Baldocchi, Dennis D.; Papale, Dario; Aubinet, Marc; Berbigier, Paul; Bernhofer, Christian; Buchmann, Nina; Gilmanov, Tagir G.; Granier, André; Grunwald, Thomas; Havrankova, Katka; Ilvesniemi, Hannu; Janous, Dalibor; Knohl, Alexander; Laurila, Tuomas; Lohila, Annalea; Loustau, Denis; Matteucci, Giorgio; Meyers, Tilden; Miglietta, Franco; Ourcival, Jean-Marc; Pumpanen, Jukka; Rambal, Serge; Rotenberg, Eyal; Sanz, Maria; Tenhunen, John; Seufert, Gunther; Vaccari, Francesco; Vesala, Timo; Yakir, Dan; Valentini, Riccardo)<br/></b><br/>From Duplicate 1 ( <br/><br/>On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm<br/><br/>- Reichstein, Markus; Falge, Eva M.; Baldocchi, Dennis D.; Papale, Dario; Aubinet, Marc; Berbigier, Paul; Bernhofer, Christian; Buchmann, Nina; Gilmanov, Tagir; Granier, André; Grunwald, Thomas; Havrankova, Katka; Ilvesniemi, Hannu; Janous, Dalibor; Knohl, Alexander; Laurila, Tuomas; Lohila, Annalea; Loustau, Denis; Matteucci, Giorgio; Meyers, Tilden; Miglietta, Franco; Ourcival, Jean-Marc; Pumpanen, Jukka; Rambal, Serge; Rotenberg, Eyal; Sanz, Maria; Tenhunen, John; Seufert, Günther; Vaccari, Francesco; Vesala, Timo; Yakir, Dan; Valentini, Riccardo )<br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/>From Duplicate 2 ( <br/><br/>On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm<br/><br/>- Reichstein, Markus; Falge, Eva M.; Baldocchi, Dennis D.; Papale, Dario; Aubinet, Marc; Berbigier, Paul; Bernhofer, Christian; Buchmann, Nina; Gilmanov, Tagir; Granier, André; Grunwald, Thomas; Havrankova, Katka; Ilvesniemi, Hannu; Janous, Dalibor; Knohl, Alexander; Laurila, Tuomas; Lohila, Annalea; Loustau, Denis; Matteucci, Giorgio; Meyers, Tilden; Miglietta, Franco; Ourcival, Jean-Marc; Pumpanen, Jukka; Rambal, Serge; Rotenberg, Eyal; Sanz, Maria; Tenhunen, J. D.; Seufert, Gunther Günther; Vaccari, Francesco; Vesala, Timo; Yakir, Dan; Valentini, Riccardo )<br/><br/><br/><br/><br/>From Duplicate 2 ( <br/><br/><br/>On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm<br/><br/><br/>- Reichstein, Markus; Falge, Eva M.; Baldocchi, Dennis D.; Papale, Dario; Aubinet, Marc; Berbigier, Paul; Bernhofer, Christian; Buchmann, Nina; Gilmanov, Tagir; Granier, André; Grunwald, Thomas; Havrankova, Katka; Ilvesniemi, Hannu; Janous, Dalibor; Knohl, Alexander; Laurila, Tuomas; Lohila, Annalea; Loustau, Denis; Matteucci, Giorgio; Meyers, Tilden; Miglietta, Franco; Ourcival, Jean-Marc; Pumpanen, Jukka; Rambal, Serge; Rotenberg, Eyal; Sanz, Maria; Tenhunen, John; Seufert, Günther; Vaccari, Francesco; Vesala, Timo; Yakir, Dan; Valentini, Riccardo )},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {This paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the different methods that separate net ecosystem exchange (NEE) into its major components, gross ecosystem carbon uptake (GEP) and ecosystem respiration (Reco). In particular, we analyse the effect of the extrapolation of night-time values of ecosystem respiration into the daytime; this is usually done with a temperature response function that is derived from long-term data sets. For this analysis, we used 16 one-year-long data sets of carbon dioxide exchange measurements from European and US-American eddy covariance networks. These sites span from the boreal to Mediterranean climates, and include deciduous and evergreen forest, scrubland and crop ecosystems. We show that the temperature sensitivity of Reco, derived from long-term (annual) data sets, does not reflect the short-term temperature sensitivity that is effective when extrapolating from night- to daytime. Specifically, in summer active ecosystems the long-term temperature sensitivity exceeds the short-term sensitivity. Thus, in those ecosystems, the application of a long-term temperature sensitivity to the extrapolation of respiration from night to day leads to a systematic overestimation of ecosystem respiration from half-hourly to annual time-scales, which can reach >25% for an annual budget and which consequently affects estimates of GEP. Conversely, in summer passive (Mediterranean) ecosystems, the long-term temperature sensitivity is lower than the short-term temperature sensitivity resulting in underestimation of annual sums of respiration. We introduce a new generic algorithm that derives a short-term temperature sensitivity of Reco from eddy covariance data that applies this to the extrapolation from night- to daytime, and that further performs a filling of data gaps that exploits both, the covariance between fluxes and meteorological drivers and the temporal structure of the fluxes. While this algorithm should give less biased estimates of GEP and Reco, we discuss the remaining biases and recommend that eddy covariance measurements are still backed by ancillary flux measurements that can reduce the uncertainties inherent in the eddy covariance data.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Reichstein, Markus and Falge, Eva and Baldocchi, Dennis D. and Papale, Dario and Aubinet, Marc and Berbigier, Paul and Bernhofer, Christian and Buchmann, Nina and Gilmanov, Tagir G. and Granier, André Andre and Grunwald, Thomas and Havrankova, Katka and Ilvesniemi, Hannu and Janous, Dalibor and Knohl, Alexander and Laurila, Tuomas and Lohila, Annalea and Loustau, Denis and Matteucci, Giorgio and Meyers, Tilden and Miglietta, Franco and Ourcival, Jean-Marc and Pumpanen, Jukka and Rambal, Serge and Rotenberg, Eyal and Sanz, Maria and Tenhunen, John and Seufert, Gunther and Vaccari, Francesco and Vesala, Timo and Yakir, Dan and Valentini, Riccardo},\n doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.001002.x},\n journal = {Global Change Biology},\n number = {9}\n}

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\n This paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the different methods that separate net ecosystem exchange (NEE) into its major components, gross ecosystem carbon uptake (GEP) and ecosystem respiration (Reco). In particular, we analyse the effect of the extrapolation of night-time values of ecosystem respiration into the daytime; this is usually done with a temperature response function that is derived from long-term data sets. For this analysis, we used 16 one-year-long data sets of carbon dioxide exchange measurements from European and US-American eddy covariance networks. These sites span from the boreal to Mediterranean climates, and include deciduous and evergreen forest, scrubland and crop ecosystems. We show that the temperature sensitivity of Reco, derived from long-term (annual) data sets, does not reflect the short-term temperature sensitivity that is effective when extrapolating from night- to daytime. Specifically, in summer active ecosystems the long-term temperature sensitivity exceeds the short-term sensitivity. Thus, in those ecosystems, the application of a long-term temperature sensitivity to the extrapolation of respiration from night to day leads to a systematic overestimation of ecosystem respiration from half-hourly to annual time-scales, which can reach >25% for an annual budget and which consequently affects estimates of GEP. Conversely, in summer passive (Mediterranean) ecosystems, the long-term temperature sensitivity is lower than the short-term temperature sensitivity resulting in underestimation of annual sums of respiration. We introduce a new generic algorithm that derives a short-term temperature sensitivity of Reco from eddy covariance data that applies this to the extrapolation from night- to daytime, and that further performs a filling of data gaps that exploits both, the covariance between fluxes and meteorological drivers and the temporal structure of the fluxes. While this algorithm should give less biased estimates of GEP and Reco, we discuss the remaining biases and recommend that eddy covariance measurements are still backed by ancillary flux measurements that can reduce the uncertainties inherent in the eddy covariance data.\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n A dynamic global vegetation model for studies of the coupled atmosphere-biosphere system.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Krinner, G.; Viovy, N.; de Noblet-Ducoudré, N.; Ogée, J.; Polcher, J.; Friedlingstein, P.; Ciais, P.; Sitch, S.; and Prentice, I., C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 19(GB1015): 1-33. 2005.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"A$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {A dynamic global vegetation model for studies of the coupled atmosphere-biosphere system},\n type = {article},\n year = {2005},\n keywords = {FR_HES,cbfr,raqrs},\n pages = {1-33},\n volume = {19},\n websites = {http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2005/2003GB002199.shtml},\n id = {267e16f4-bc77-3f33-b15b-94e25f945931},\n created = {2018-01-17T15:13:01.926Z},\n accessed = {2011-07-19},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2018-01-17T15:13:01.926Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Krinner2005},\n source_type = {article},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Krinner, G. and Viovy, Nicolas and de Noblet-Ducoudré, Nathalie and Ogée, Jérôme and Polcher, J. and Friedlingstein, Pierre and Ciais, Philippe and Sitch, S. and Prentice, I. Colin},\n doi = {10.1029/2003GB002199},\n journal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles},\n number = {GB1015}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Modelling carbon and water cycles in a beech forest. Part I: Model description and uncertainty analysis on modelled NEE.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Dufrêne, E.; Davi, H.; François, C.; Le Maire, G.; Le Dantec, V.; and Granier, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Ecological Modelling, 185(2-4): 407-436. 2005.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Modelling carbon and water cycles in a beech forest. Part I: Model description and uncertainty analysis on modelled NEE},\n type = {article},\n year = {2005},\n keywords = {FR_HES},\n pages = {407-436},\n volume = {185},\n id = {71913952-cd5f-372b-a102-6b325856d023},\n created = {2018-01-17T15:13:01.930Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2018-01-17T15:13:01.930Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Dufrene2005b},\n source_type = {article},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {A forest ecosystem model (CASTANEA) is developed with the aim to bridge the gap between soil-vegetation-atmosphere (SVAT) and growth models. A physiologically multi-layer process-based model is built, completed with a carbon allocation model and coupled with a soil model. CASTANEA describes canopy photosynthesis and transpiration, maintenance and growth respiration, seasonal development, partitioning of assimilates to leaves, stems, branches, coarse and fine roots, evapotranspiration, soil heterotrophic respiration, water and carbon balances of the soil. Net primary productivity (NPP) is calculated as the difference between gross photosynthesis and plant respiration. The net ecosystem exchange (NEE) between soil-plant system and atmosphere is calculated as the difference between gross photosynthesis and total respiration (soil + plants). The meteorological driving variables are global radiation, rainfall, wind speed, air humidity and temperature (either half-hourly or daily values). A complete description of the model parameterization is given for an eddy flux station in a beech stand (Hesse, France). A parametric sensitivity analysis is carried out to get a classification of the model parameters according to their effect on the NEE. To determine the key input parameters, a +10% or -10% bias is applied on each of the 150 parameters in order to estimate the effect on simulated NEE. Finally 17 parameters, linked to photosynthesis, vegetative respiration and soil water balance, appear to have a significant effect (more than 2.5%) on the NEE. An uncertainty analysis is then presented to evaluate the error on the annual and daily NEE outputs caused by uncertainties in these input parameters. Uncertainties on these parameters are estimated using data collected in situ. These uncertainties are used to create a set of 17,000 simulations, where the values of the 17 key parameters are randomly selected using gaussian random distributions. A mean uncertainty of 30% on the annual NEE is obtained. This uncertainty on the simulated daily NEE does not totally explain the discrepancies with the daily NEE measured by the eddy covariance technique (EC). Errors on daily measurements by EC technique and uncertainty on the modelling of several processes may partly explain the discrepancy between simulations and measurements. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Dufrêne, E. and Davi, H. and François, C. and Le Maire, G. and Le Dantec, V. and Granier, André},\n doi = {10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2005.01.004},\n journal = {Ecological Modelling},\n number = {2-4}\n}

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\n A forest ecosystem model (CASTANEA) is developed with the aim to bridge the gap between soil-vegetation-atmosphere (SVAT) and growth models. A physiologically multi-layer process-based model is built, completed with a carbon allocation model and coupled with a soil model. CASTANEA describes canopy photosynthesis and transpiration, maintenance and growth respiration, seasonal development, partitioning of assimilates to leaves, stems, branches, coarse and fine roots, evapotranspiration, soil heterotrophic respiration, water and carbon balances of the soil. Net primary productivity (NPP) is calculated as the difference between gross photosynthesis and plant respiration. The net ecosystem exchange (NEE) between soil-plant system and atmosphere is calculated as the difference between gross photosynthesis and total respiration (soil + plants). The meteorological driving variables are global radiation, rainfall, wind speed, air humidity and temperature (either half-hourly or daily values). A complete description of the model parameterization is given for an eddy flux station in a beech stand (Hesse, France). A parametric sensitivity analysis is carried out to get a classification of the model parameters according to their effect on the NEE. To determine the key input parameters, a +10% or -10% bias is applied on each of the 150 parameters in order to estimate the effect on simulated NEE. Finally 17 parameters, linked to photosynthesis, vegetative respiration and soil water balance, appear to have a significant effect (more than 2.5%) on the NEE. An uncertainty analysis is then presented to evaluate the error on the annual and daily NEE outputs caused by uncertainties in these input parameters. Uncertainties on these parameters are estimated using data collected in situ. These uncertainties are used to create a set of 17,000 simulations, where the values of the 17 key parameters are randomly selected using gaussian random distributions. A mean uncertainty of 30% on the annual NEE is obtained. This uncertainty on the simulated daily NEE does not totally explain the discrepancies with the daily NEE measured by the eddy covariance technique (EC). Errors on daily measurements by EC technique and uncertainty on the modelling of several processes may partly explain the discrepancy between simulations and measurements. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Modelling carbon and water cycles in a beech forest.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Davi, H.; Dufrêne, E.; Granier, A.; Le Dantec, V.; Barbaroux, C.; François, C.; and Bréda, N.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Ecological Modelling, 185(2-4): 387-405. 7 2005.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Modelling$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Modelling carbon and water cycles in a beech forest},\n type = {article},\n year = {2005},\n keywords = {FR_HES,FR_HES},\n pages = {387-405},\n volume = {185},\n websites = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0304380005000086},\n month = {7},\n id = {b5fc35ca-db8d-3e6a-9cfb-09198a89ad49},\n created = {2018-01-17T15:13:02.105Z},\n accessed = {2013-11-07},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2018-01-17T15:13:02.105Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Davi2005},\n source_type = {article},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Davi, H. and Dufrêne, E. and Granier, André and Le Dantec, Valérie and Barbaroux, C. and François, C. and Bréda, N.},\n doi = {10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2005.01.003},\n journal = {Ecological Modelling},\n number = {2-4}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Spatial heterogeneity of ecosystem carbon fluxes in a broadleaved forest in Northern Germany.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Kutsch, W., L.; Liu, C.; Hormann, G.; and Herbst, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global Change Biology, 11(1): 70-88. 1 2005.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Spatial$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Spatial heterogeneity of ecosystem carbon fluxes in a broadleaved forest in Northern Germany},\n type = {article},\n year = {2005},\n keywords = {Broadleaved forests,Carbon flux,GPP,LAI,Litterfall,NEP,NPP,Nature-oriented forestry,TER},\n pages = {70-88},\n volume = {11},\n websites = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00884.x},\n month = {1},\n id = {1ae2f776-fd7b-3b6e-8789-1bb5653b5e19},\n created = {2018-01-18T16:53:31.456Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:48.388Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Kutsch2005},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Carbon fluxes were investigated in a mature deciduous forest, located in Northern Germany (53°47′N–10°36′E), by means of eddy-covariance technique, stand survey and models. This forest has been managed following a concept of nature-oriented forestry since the 1980s. One of the goals of the study was to test whether changed management led to increased carbon sequestration. The forest contains several broadleaved tree species. Depending on wind direction, the fetch-area of the eddy-covariance data was dominated by different tree species. Three subplots dominated by Oak, Beech or Alder/Ash could be distinguished from the tower data. In each of these subplots, 30 × 30 m2 areas were defined to analyse leaf area index, litterfall and the increase of the wood biomass. Eddy-covariance analysis showed that the gross primary productivity (GPP′) was higher in the Oak subplot (−1794 g C m−2 yr−1) in comparison with the Beech plot and the Alder/Ash plot (−1470 and −1595 g C m−2 yr−1, respectively). The total ecosystem respiration (TER) was the highest in the Alder/Ash-dominated subplot (1401 g C m−2 yr−1) followed by the Oak plot and the Beech plot (1235 and 1174 g C m−2 yr−1, respectively). The resulting net ecosystem productivity (NEP) was −559 g C m−2 yr−1 for the Oak-dominated subplot, −295 g C m−2 yr−1 for the Beech plot and −193 g C m−2 yr−1 for the Alder/Ash plot. From Stand survey and modelling, the net primary productivity was estimated as 1103, 702 and 671 g C m−2 yr−1 in the Oak, Beech and Alder/Ash plot, respectively. Also carbon flux with litterfall was the highest in the Oak plot 343 g C m−2 yr−1 and lowest in Alder/Ash plot (197 g m−2 yr−1) with the Beech plot in between (228 g m−2 yr−1). The observations indicate an increase of the proportion of litterfall with increasing GPP′ and a different ability of carbon sequestration of the three stands in medium temporary scale. Only in the Oak stand that comprised the oldest trees and the most structured canopy the carbon sequestration was increased compared with conventionally managed forests.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Kutsch, Werner L. and Liu, Chunjiang and Hormann, Georg and Herbst, Mathias},\n doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00884.x},\n journal = {Global Change Biology},\n number = {1}\n}

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\n Carbon fluxes were investigated in a mature deciduous forest, located in Northern Germany (53°47′N–10°36′E), by means of eddy-covariance technique, stand survey and models. This forest has been managed following a concept of nature-oriented forestry since the 1980s. One of the goals of the study was to test whether changed management led to increased carbon sequestration. The forest contains several broadleaved tree species. Depending on wind direction, the fetch-area of the eddy-covariance data was dominated by different tree species. Three subplots dominated by Oak, Beech or Alder/Ash could be distinguished from the tower data. In each of these subplots, 30 × 30 m2 areas were defined to analyse leaf area index, litterfall and the increase of the wood biomass. Eddy-covariance analysis showed that the gross primary productivity (GPP′) was higher in the Oak subplot (−1794 g C m−2 yr−1) in comparison with the Beech plot and the Alder/Ash plot (−1470 and −1595 g C m−2 yr−1, respectively). The total ecosystem respiration (TER) was the highest in the Alder/Ash-dominated subplot (1401 g C m−2 yr−1) followed by the Oak plot and the Beech plot (1235 and 1174 g C m−2 yr−1, respectively). The resulting net ecosystem productivity (NEP) was −559 g C m−2 yr−1 for the Oak-dominated subplot, −295 g C m−2 yr−1 for the Beech plot and −193 g C m−2 yr−1 for the Alder/Ash plot. From Stand survey and modelling, the net primary productivity was estimated as 1103, 702 and 671 g C m−2 yr−1 in the Oak, Beech and Alder/Ash plot, respectively. Also carbon flux with litterfall was the highest in the Oak plot 343 g C m−2 yr−1 and lowest in Alder/Ash plot (197 g m−2 yr−1) with the Beech plot in between (228 g m−2 yr−1). The observations indicate an increase of the proportion of litterfall with increasing GPP′ and a different ability of carbon sequestration of the three stands in medium temporary scale. Only in the Oak stand that comprised the oldest trees and the most structured canopy the carbon sequestration was increased compared with conventionally managed forests.\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Biomass and stem volume equations for tree species in Europe.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Zianis, D.; Muukkonen, P.; and Mäkipää, R.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n 2005.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@book{\n title = {Biomass and stem volume equations for tree species in Europe},\n type = {book},\n year = {2005},\n source = {Silva Fennica Monographs},\n id = {cd26711d-8365-332b-be03-13c95b25cd5c},\n created = {2018-01-18T16:53:31.710Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:47.591Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {false},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Zianis2005},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {book},\n author = {Zianis, Dimitris and Muukkonen, Petteri and Mäkipää, Raisa}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Europe-wide reduction in primary productivity caused by the heat and drought in 2003.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Ciais, P.; Reichstein, M.; Viovy, N.; Granier, A.; Ogée, J.; Allard, V.; Aubinet, M.; Buchmann, N.; Bernhofer, C.; Carrara, A.; Chevallier, F.; De Noblet, N.; Friend, A., D.; Friedlingstein, P.; Grünwald, T.; Heinesch, B.; Keronen, P.; Knohl, A.; Krinner, G.; Loustau, D.; Manca, G.; Matteucci, G.; Miglietta, F.; Ourcival, J.; Papale, D.; Pilegaard, K.; Rambal, S.; Seufert, G.; Soussana, J., F.; Sanz, M., J.; Schulze, E.; Vesala, T.; and Valentini, R.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Nature, 437(7058): 529-533. 9 2005.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Europe-wide$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Europe-wide reduction in primary productivity caused by the heat and drought in 2003},\n type = {article},\n year = {2005},\n keywords = {FR_HES,FR_LBR,FR_LQ1,FR_PUE,cbfr},\n pages = {529-533},\n volume = {437},\n websites = {http://www.nature.com/doifinder/10.1038/nature03972},\n month = {9},\n id = {226445f0-0a68-38be-9942-b36fff9c3e8a},\n created = {2020-08-28T15:56:01.690Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-08-28T15:56:01.690Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Ciais2005},\n source_type = {article},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Ciais, Philippe and Reichstein, Markus and Viovy, Nicolas and Granier, André and Ogée, Jérôme and Allard, V. and Aubinet, Marc and Buchmann, N. and Bernhofer, Christian and Carrara, Arnaud and Chevallier, Frédéric and De Noblet, N. and Friend, Andrew D. and Friedlingstein, Pierre and Grünwald, Thomas and Heinesch, B. and Keronen, Petri and Knohl, Alexander and Krinner, G. and Loustau, Denis and Manca, Giovanni and Matteucci, Giorgio and Miglietta, Franco and Ourcival, Jean-Marc and Papale, Dario and Pilegaard, Kim and Rambal, S. and Seufert, G. and Soussana, J. F. and Sanz, M. J. and Schulze, Ernst-Detlef and Vesala, T. and Valentini, Riccardo},\n doi = {10.1038/nature03972},\n journal = {Nature},\n number = {7058}\n}

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\n \n 2003\n \n \n (5)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Variability of stem and branch maintenance respiration in a.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Bosc, A.; Grandcourt, A., D., E.; and Loustau, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n ,227-236. 2003.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Variability of stem and branch maintenance respiration in a},\n type = {article},\n year = {2003},\n keywords = {FR_LBR,lebray},\n pages = {227-236},\n id = {96c32783-5a25-3300-9db1-6e3c2d51bbd5},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:20.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {false},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Bosc2003},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Bosc, Alexandre and Grandcourt, Agnes D E and Loustau, Denis}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Modeling temporal and large-scale spatial variability of soil respiration from soil water availability, temperature and vegetation productivity indices.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Reichstein, M.; Rey, A.; Freibauer, A.; Tenhunen, J., D.; Valentini, R.; Banza, J.; Casals, P.; Cheng, Y.; Grünzweig, J., M.; Irvine, J.; Joffre, R.; Law, B., E.; Loustau, D.; Miglietta, F.; Oechel, W., C.; Ourcival, J.; Pereira, J., S.; Peressotti, A.; Ponti, F.; Qi, Y.; Rambal, S.; Rayment, M.; Romanya, J.; Rossi, F.; Tedeschi, V.; Tirone, G.; Xu, M.; and Yakir, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 17(4): 101029/. 12 2003.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Modeling$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Modeling temporal and large-scale spatial variability of soil respiration from soil water availability, temperature and vegetation productivity indices},\n type = {article},\n year = {2003},\n keywords = {FR_FON,FR_HES,FR_LBR,FR_PUE},\n pages = {101029/},\n volume = {17},\n websites = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1029/2003GB002035,http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2003/2003GB002035.shtml},\n month = {12},\n day = {22},\n id = {24f15643-956b-37bb-899b-6cbeb379f316},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:28.000Z},\n accessed = {2014-01-23},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Reichstein2003},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Reichstein, Markus and Rey, Ana and Freibauer, Annette and Tenhunen, J. D. and Valentini, Riccardo and Banza, Joao and Casals, Pere and Cheng, Yufu and Grünzweig, Jose M. and Irvine, James and Joffre, Richard and Law, Beverly Elizabeth and Loustau, Denis and Miglietta, Franco and Oechel, Walter C. and Ourcival, Jean-Marc and Pereira, Joao S. and Peressotti, Alessandro and Ponti, Francesca and Qi, Ye and Rambal, Serge and Rayment, Mark and Romanya, Joan and Rossi, Federica and Tedeschi, Vanessa and Tirone, Giampiero and Xu, Ming and Yakir, Dan},\n doi = {10.1029/2003GB002035},\n journal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles},\n number = {4}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The annual carbon budget of a French pine forest (Pinus pinaster) following harvest.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Kowalski, S.; Sartore, M.; Burlett, R.; Berbigier, P.; and Loustau, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global Change Biology, 9(7): 1051-1065. 2003.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {The annual carbon budget of a French pine forest (Pinus pinaster) following harvest},\n type = {article},\n year = {2003},\n keywords = {FR_BIL},\n pages = {1051-1065},\n volume = {9},\n websites = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00627.x/full},\n id = {3f861d44-1109-388e-91c1-92404dfa98b8},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:32.000Z},\n accessed = {2014-09-26},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Kowalski2003},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The annual carbon budget of a French pine forest(Pinus pinaster) following harvest. S Kowalski, M Sartore, R Burlett, P Berbigier, D Loustau Global Change Biology 9:77, 1051-1065, 7/2003. Eddy },\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Kowalski, S. and Sartore, M. and Burlett, R. and Berbigier, P. and Loustau, Denis},\n doi = {10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00627.x},\n journal = {Global Change Biology},\n number = {7}\n}

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\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n MuSICA, a CO2, water and energy multilayer, multileaf pine forest model: Evaluation from hourly to yearly time scales and sensitivity analysis.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Ogée, J.; Brunet, Y.; Loustau, D.; Berbigier, P.; and Delzon, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global Change Biology, 9(5): 697-717. 2003.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {MuSICA, a CO2, water and energy multilayer, multileaf pine forest model: Evaluation from hourly to yearly time scales and sensitivity analysis},\n type = {article},\n year = {2003},\n keywords = {Biosphere-atmosphere interaction,EUROFLUX,Ecosystem evaporation,FluxNet,Maritime pine forest,Net ecosystem carbon exchange,Soil-vegetation-atmosphere transfer model},\n pages = {697-717},\n volume = {9},\n id = {342b9071-f7b9-31a6-87cf-8547a1f3890b},\n created = {2018-01-17T14:08:33.138Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2018-01-17T14:08:33.138Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Ogee2003},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The current emphasis on global climate studies has led the scientific community to set up a number of sites for measuring long-term biospheric fluxes, and to develop a wide range of biosphere-atmosphere exchange models. This paper presents a new model of this type, which has been developed for a pine forest canopy. In most coniferous species the canopy layer is well separated from the understorey and several cohorts of needles coexist. It was therefore found necessary to distinguish several vegetation layers and, in each layer, several leaf classes defined not only by their light regime and wetness status but also by their age. This model, named MuSICA, is a multilayer, multileaf process-based model. Each submodel is first independently parameterized using data collected at a EUROFLUX site near Bordeaux (Southwestern France). Particular care is brought to identify the seasonal variations in the various physiological parameters. The full model is then evaluated using a two-year long data set, split up into 12 day-type classes defined by the season, the weather type and the soil water status. Beyond the good overall agreement obtained between measured and modelled values at various time scales, several points of further improvement are identified. They concern the seasonal variations in the stomatal response of needles and the soil/litter respiration, as well as their interaction with soil or litter moisture. A sensitivity analysis to some of the model features (in-canopy turbulent transfer scheme, leaf age classes, water retention, distinction between shaded and sunlit leaves, number of layers) is finally performed in order to evaluate whether significant simplifications can be brought to such a model with little loss in its predictive quality. The distinction between several leaf classes is crucial if one is to compute biospheric fluxes accurately. It is also evidenced that accounting for incanopy turbulent transfer leads to better estimates of the sensible heat flux.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Ogée, Jérôme and Brunet, Y. and Loustau, D. and Berbigier, Paul and Delzon, S.},\n doi = {10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00628.x},\n journal = {Global Change Biology},\n number = {5}\n}

\n\n\n

\n The current emphasis on global climate studies has led the scientific community to set up a number of sites for measuring long-term biospheric fluxes, and to develop a wide range of biosphere-atmosphere exchange models. This paper presents a new model of this type, which has been developed for a pine forest canopy. In most coniferous species the canopy layer is well separated from the understorey and several cohorts of needles coexist. It was therefore found necessary to distinguish several vegetation layers and, in each layer, several leaf classes defined not only by their light regime and wetness status but also by their age. This model, named MuSICA, is a multilayer, multileaf process-based model. Each submodel is first independently parameterized using data collected at a EUROFLUX site near Bordeaux (Southwestern France). Particular care is brought to identify the seasonal variations in the various physiological parameters. The full model is then evaluated using a two-year long data set, split up into 12 day-type classes defined by the season, the weather type and the soil water status. Beyond the good overall agreement obtained between measured and modelled values at various time scales, several points of further improvement are identified. They concern the seasonal variations in the stomatal response of needles and the soil/litter respiration, as well as their interaction with soil or litter moisture. A sensitivity analysis to some of the model features (in-canopy turbulent transfer scheme, leaf age classes, water retention, distinction between shaded and sunlit leaves, number of layers) is finally performed in order to evaluate whether significant simplifications can be brought to such a model with little loss in its predictive quality. The distinction between several leaf classes is crucial if one is to compute biospheric fluxes accurately. It is also evidenced that accounting for incanopy turbulent transfer leads to better estimates of the sensible heat flux.\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Simulation and acaling of temporal variation in gross primary production for coniferous and deciduous temperate forests.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Wang Q.; Tenhunen, J.; Falge, E.; Bernhofer, C.; Granier, A.; and Vesala, T.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Global Change Biology, 10: 37-51. 2003.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Simulation and acaling of temporal variation in gross primary production for coniferous and deciduous temperate forests},\n type = {article},\n year = {2003},\n keywords = {canopy gas exchange,ecosystem physiology,forest ecosystems,primary production},\n pages = {37-51},\n volume = {10},\n id = {9c71a993-76ec-306f-b326-e2b211b59dfe},\n created = {2018-01-18T16:53:31.696Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-09-08T15:25:47.609Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {WangQ.2003},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Observations of ecosystem net carbon dioxide exchange obtained with eddy covariance techniques over a 4-year period at spruce, beech and pine forest sites were used to derive time series data for gross primary production },\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Wang Q., undefined and Tenhunen, J. and Falge, E. and Bernhofer, Ch. and Granier, Andre and Vesala, T.},\n doi = {10.1046/j.1529-8817.2003.00716.x},\n journal = {Global Change Biology}\n}

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\n \n 2002\n \n \n (4)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Evaluation of six process-based forest growth models using eddy-covariance measurements of CO2 and H2O fluxes at six forest sites in Europe.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Kramer, K.; Leinonen, I.; Bartelink, H.; Berbigier, P.; Borghetti, M.; Cienciala, E.; Dolman, A., J.; Froer, O.; Gracia, C., A.; Granier, A.; Loustau, D.; Magnani, F.; Hari, P.; Jans, W.; Kellomäki, S.; Gru, T.; Markkanen, T.; Matteucci, G.; Mohren, G., M., J.; Moors, E., J.; Nissinen, A.; Peltola, H.; and Sabate, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Glob. Change Biol., (8): 213-230. 2002.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Evaluation of six process-based forest growth models using eddy-covariance measurements of CO2 and H2O fluxes at six forest sites in Europe},\n type = {article},\n year = {2002},\n keywords = {FR_LBR,le bray},\n pages = {213-230},\n id = {20fe0c06-747b-344c-b8fa-c477bc3f01f8},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:20.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Kramer2002},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Kramer, K and Leinonen, I and Bartelink, HH and Berbigier, Paul and Borghetti, M and Cienciala, E and Dolman, A J and Froer, O and Gracia, C A and Granier, André and Loustau, Denis and Magnani, Federico and Hari, P and Jans, W and Kellomäki, Seppo and Gru, T and Markkanen, T and Matteucci, G and Mohren, G M J and Moors, Eddy J. and Nissinen, A and Peltola, H and Sabate, S},\n doi = {DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2486.2002.00471.x},\n journal = {Glob. Change Biol.},\n number = {8}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n A forest floor model for heat and moisture including a litter layer.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Brunet, Y.; and Oge, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n , 255: 212-233. 2002.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {A forest floor model for heat and moisture including a litter layer},\n type = {article},\n year = {2002},\n keywords = {FR_LBR,le bray},\n pages = {212-233},\n volume = {255},\n id = {4b3c8291-548f-37de-941a-b16b88028b5e},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:20.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Brunet2002},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Brunet, Y and Oge, J}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Energy partitioning between latent and sensible heat flux during the warm season at FLUXNET sites.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Wilson, K., B.; Baldocchi, D., D.; Aubinet, M.; Berbigier, P.; Bernhofer, C.; Dolman, H.; Falge, E.; Field, C.; Goldstein, A.; Granier, A.; Grelle, A.; Halldor, T.; Hollinger, D.; Katul, G.; Law, B., E.; Lindroth, A.; Meyers, T.; Moncrieff, J.; Monson, R.; Oechel, W.; Tenhunen, J.; Valentini, R.; Verma, S.; Vesala, T.; and Wofsy, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Water Resources Research, 38(12): 30-1-30-11. 2002.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Energy$ Website\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Energy partitioning between latent and sensible heat flux during the warm season at FLUXNET sites},\n type = {article},\n year = {2002},\n keywords = {bowen ratio},\n pages = {30-1-30-11},\n volume = {38},\n websites = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1029/2001WR000989},\n id = {812d7b65-d5fa-3925-a87f-2381a01b5118},\n created = {2018-01-18T16:53:31.767Z},\n accessed = {2010-07-28},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2018-01-18T16:53:31.767Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Wilson2002},\n source_type = {article},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {The warm season (mid-June through late August) partitioning between sensible (H) and latent (LE) heat flux, or the Bowen ratio (b = H/LE), was investigated at 27 sites over 66 site years within the international network of eddy covariance sites (FLUXNET). Variability in b across ecosystems and climates was analyzed by quantifying general climatic and surface characteristics that control flux partitioning. The climatic control on b was quantified using the climatological resistance (Ri), which is proportional to the ratio of vapor pressure deficit (difference between saturation vapor pressure and atmospheric vapor pressure) to net radiation (large values of Ri decrease b). The control of flux partitioning by the vegetation and underlying surface was quantified by computing the surface resistance to water vapor transport (Rc, with large values tending to increase b). There was a considerable range in flux partitioning characteristics (Rc, Ri and b) among sites, but it was possible to define some general differences between vegetation types and climates. Deciduous forest sites and the agricultural site had the lowest values of Rc and b (0.25–0.50). Coniferous forests typically had a larger Rc and higher b (typically between 0.50 and 1.00 but also much larger). However, there was notable variability in Rc and Ri between coniferous site years, most notably differences between oceanic and continental climates and sites with a distinct dry summer season (Mediterranean climate). Sites with Mediterranean climates generally had the highest net radiation, Rc, Ri, and b. There was considerable variability in b between grassland site years, primarily the result of interannual differences in soil water content and Rc.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Wilson, Kell B. and Baldocchi, Dennis D. and Aubinet, Marc and Berbigier, Paul and Bernhofer, Christian and Dolman, Han and Falge, Eva and Field, Chris and Goldstein, Allen and Granier, Andre and Grelle, Achim and Halldor, Thorgeirsson and Hollinger, Dave and Katul, Gabriel and Law, B. E. and Lindroth, Anders and Meyers, Tilden and Moncrieff, John and Monson, Russ and Oechel, Walter and Tenhunen, John and Valentini, Riccardo and Verma, Shashi and Vesala, Timo and Wofsy, Steve},\n doi = {10.1029/2001WR000989},\n journal = {Water Resources Research},\n number = {12}\n}

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Similar net ecosystem exchange of beech stands located in France and Denmark.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Granier, A.; Pilegaard, K.; and Jensen, N., O.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agric. For. Meteorol., 114: 75-82. 2002.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Similar net ecosystem exchange of beech stands located in France and Denmark},\n type = {article},\n year = {2002},\n pages = {75-82},\n volume = {114},\n id = {3f146787-cf71-33e1-aa57-7b705e89686f},\n created = {2020-08-28T15:56:01.884Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2020-08-28T15:56:01.884Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Granier2002},\n source_type = {article},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Granier, André and Pilegaard, Kim and Jensen, Niels Otto},\n journal = {Agric. For. Meteorol.},\n keywords = {DK_SOR,FR_HES}\n}

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\n \n 2001\n \n \n (1)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Validation of eddy flux measurements above the understorey of a pine forest.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Lamaud, E.; Ogée, J.; Brunet, Y.; and Berbigier, P.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 106(3): 187–203. 2001.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Validation$ Website\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Validation of eddy flux measurements above the understorey of a pine forest},\n type = {article},\n year = {2001},\n pages = {187–203},\n volume = {106},\n websites = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S016819230000215X},\n publisher = {Elsevier},\n id = {d2c051e6-986f-3528-878a-e4643053b66c},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:20.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Lamaud2001},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Lamaud, Eric and Ogée, Jérôme and Brunet, Y. and Berbigier, Paul},\n journal = {Agricultural and Forest Meteorology},\n number = {3},\n keywords = {FR_LBR,le bray}\n}

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\n \n 2000\n \n \n (1)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n The control of coherent eddies in vegetation canopies: streamwise structure spacing, canopy shear scale and atmospheric stability.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Brunet, Y.; and Irvine, M., R.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Boundary-Layer Meteorology,139-163. 2000.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {The control of coherent eddies in vegetation canopies: streamwise structure spacing, canopy shear scale and atmospheric stability},\n type = {article},\n year = {2000},\n keywords = {FR_LBR,le bray},\n pages = {139-163},\n id = {02e12288-3840-3455-bfbe-b76f0a42af8a},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:20.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Brunet2000},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Brunet, Y. and Irvine, M R},\n journal = {Boundary-Layer Meteorology}\n}

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\n \n 1998\n \n \n (1)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Variability of the photosynthetic characteristics of mature needles within the crown of a 25-year-old Pinus pinaster.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Porté, A.; and Loustau, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Tree physiology, 18(4): 223-232. 4 1998.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Variability$ Website\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

@article{\n title = {Variability of the photosynthetic characteristics of mature needles within the crown of a 25-year-old Pinus pinaster.},\n type = {article},\n year = {1998},\n keywords = {FR_LBR,le bray},\n pages = {223-232},\n volume = {18},\n websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12651376},\n month = {4},\n id = {08436423-e738-3e72-a653-6df4f214a940},\n created = {2016-03-08T11:01:20.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:16:18.928Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Porte1998},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Photosynthetic characteristics of 1- and 2-year-old needles were determined in excised shoots of maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.) with an open gas exchange system. We used the nonlinear least mean squares method to derive values for quantum yield of electron transport (alpha), maximum carboxylation velocity (V(cmax)), and maximum electron transport rate (J(max)), from photosynthetic response curves to light and CO(2). Crown height had no significant effect on any of the parameters; however, V(cmax) and J(max), as well as alpha were 43, 26 and 35% higher, respectively, in 1-year-old needles than in 2-year-old needles. The main effect of irradiance on needles was a small decline in leaf concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus from the top to the bottom of the canopy. Only J(max) demonstrated a linear relationship with both nitrogen content (R(2) = 0.42) and irradiance at the shoot level. Because needle age accounted for most of the variability in photosynthesis, we incorporated needle age into the photosynthesis model of Farquhar et al. (1980). The modified model underestimated the daily assimilation rate of 1-year-old needles in the field, especially when assimilation rates were high.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Porté, Annabel and Loustau, Denis},\n journal = {Tree physiology},\n number = {4}\n}

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