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\n  \n 2021\n \n \n (1)\n \n \n
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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Alterations in fear extinction neural circuitry and fear-related behavior linked to trauma exposure in children.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Marusak, H.; Hehr, A.; Bhogal, A.; Peters, C.; Iadipaolo, A.; and Rabinak, C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Behavioural Brain Research, 398. 2021.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n  \n \n\n \n link\n  \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n  \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n  \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n
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@article{\n title = {Alterations in fear extinction neural circuitry and fear-related behavior linked to trauma exposure in children},\n type = {article},\n year = {2021},\n keywords = {Childhood adversity,Childhood trauma,Extinction recall,Fear conditioning,fMRI},\n volume = {398},\n id = {1676ec76-5f13-3f66-92c9-f78490dff66c},\n created = {2020-10-29T23:59:00.000Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {ded1a9ef-205b-3948-9dd5-f4b0dddc319e},\n last_modified = {2020-11-01T19:04:16.278Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {true},\n confirmed = {false},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {true},\n abstract = {© 2020 Elsevier B.V. Exposure to childhood trauma is extremely common (>60 %) and is a leading risk factor for fear-based disorders, including anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder. These disorders are characterized by deficits in fear extinction and dysfunction in underlying neural circuitry. Given the strong and pervasive link between childhood trauma and the development of psychopathology, fear extinction may be a key mechanism. The present study tests the impact of childhood trauma exposure on fear extinction and underlying neural circuitry. Children (N = 44, 45 % trauma-exposed; 6–11 yrs) completed a novel two-day virtual reality fear extinction experiment. On day one, participants underwent fear conditioning and extinction. Twenty-four hours later, participants completed a test of extinction recall during fMRI. Conditioned fear was measured throughout the experiment using skin conductance and fear-related behavior, and activation in fear-related brain regions was estimated during recall. There were no group differences in conditioned fear during fear conditioning or extinction learning. During extinction recall, however, trauma-exposed children kept more distance from both the previously extinguished and the safety cue, suggesting poor differentiation between threat and safety cues. Trauma-exposed youth also failed to approach the previously extinguished cue over the course of extinction recall. The effects on fear-related behavior during extinction recall were accompanied by higher activation to the previously extinguished cue in fear-relevant brain regions, including the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex and anterior insula, in trauma-exposed relative to control children. Alterations in fear-related brain regions and fear-related behavior may be a core mechanism through which childhood trauma confers heightened vulnerability to psychopathology.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Marusak, H.A. and Hehr, A. and Bhogal, A. and Peters, C. and Iadipaolo, A. and Rabinak, C.A.},\n doi = {10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112958},\n journal = {Behavioural Brain Research}\n}
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\n © 2020 Elsevier B.V. Exposure to childhood trauma is extremely common (>60 %) and is a leading risk factor for fear-based disorders, including anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder. These disorders are characterized by deficits in fear extinction and dysfunction in underlying neural circuitry. Given the strong and pervasive link between childhood trauma and the development of psychopathology, fear extinction may be a key mechanism. The present study tests the impact of childhood trauma exposure on fear extinction and underlying neural circuitry. Children (N = 44, 45 % trauma-exposed; 6–11 yrs) completed a novel two-day virtual reality fear extinction experiment. On day one, participants underwent fear conditioning and extinction. Twenty-four hours later, participants completed a test of extinction recall during fMRI. Conditioned fear was measured throughout the experiment using skin conductance and fear-related behavior, and activation in fear-related brain regions was estimated during recall. There were no group differences in conditioned fear during fear conditioning or extinction learning. During extinction recall, however, trauma-exposed children kept more distance from both the previously extinguished and the safety cue, suggesting poor differentiation between threat and safety cues. Trauma-exposed youth also failed to approach the previously extinguished cue over the course of extinction recall. The effects on fear-related behavior during extinction recall were accompanied by higher activation to the previously extinguished cue in fear-relevant brain regions, including the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex and anterior insula, in trauma-exposed relative to control children. Alterations in fear-related brain regions and fear-related behavior may be a core mechanism through which childhood trauma confers heightened vulnerability to psychopathology.\n
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\n  \n 2017\n \n \n (1)\n \n \n
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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Convergent behavioral and corticolimbic connectivity evidence of a negativity bias in children and adolescents.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Marusak, H., A.; Zundel, C., G.; Brown, S.; Rabinak, C., A.; and Thomason, M., E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Social cognitive and affective neuroscience, 12(4): 517-525. 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
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@article{\n title = {Convergent behavioral and corticolimbic connectivity evidence of a negativity bias in children and adolescents.},\n type = {article},\n year = {2017},\n pages = {517-525},\n volume = {12},\n websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28175919,http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=PMC5390736},\n id = {782e1f26-a896-3c5f-8c1d-fadf13e88065},\n created = {2020-03-31T21:16:49.363Z},\n accessed = {2020-03-31},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {ded1a9ef-205b-3948-9dd5-f4b0dddc319e},\n last_modified = {2020-03-31T21:22:16.307Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {true},\n confirmed = {false},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Marusak, Hilary A and Zundel, Clara G and Brown, Suzanne and Rabinak, Christine A and Thomason, Moriah E},\n doi = {10.1093/scan/nsw182},\n journal = {Social cognitive and affective neuroscience},\n number = {4}\n}
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\n  \n 2010\n \n \n (1)\n \n \n
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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Amygdala.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Rabinak, C., A.; and Maren, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n The Corsini Encyclopedia of Psychology. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n \"TheWebsite\n  \n \n\n \n \n doi\n  \n \n\n \n link\n  \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n  \n \n \n\n\n\n
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@inbook{\n type = {inbook},\n year = {2010},\n websites = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/9780470479216.corpsy0051},\n month = {1},\n publisher = {John Wiley & Sons, Inc.},\n day = {30},\n city = {Hoboken, NJ, USA},\n id = {ed33cafe-80e9-3f2e-9d2b-4675f0375ace},\n created = {2020-03-31T21:19:13.494Z},\n accessed = {2020-03-31},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {ded1a9ef-205b-3948-9dd5-f4b0dddc319e},\n last_modified = {2020-03-31T21:22:15.735Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {true},\n confirmed = {false},\n hidden = {false},\n private_publication = {false},\n bibtype = {inbook},\n author = {Rabinak, Christine A. and Maren, Stephen},\n doi = {10.1002/9780470479216.corpsy0051},\n chapter = {Amygdala},\n title = {The Corsini Encyclopedia of Psychology}\n}
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