var bibbase_data = {"data":"<img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/ajax-loader.gif\" id=\"spinner\"\n  style=\"display: none;\" alt=\"Loading..\" />\n\n<div id=\"bibbase\">\n\n  <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n    var bibbase = {\n      params: {\"bib\":\"http://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/Publications-database.bib\",\"jsonp\":\"1\",\"theme\":\"side\",\"css\":\"www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/css/bibbase.css\",\"authorFirst\":\"1\",\"group0\":\"type\",\"filter\":\"project:phvexperiments\",\"host\":\"bibbase.org\"},\n      data: [{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"1. Peer-Reviewed Journal Papers\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Claiborne\"],\"firstnames\":[\"T.\",\"E.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Girdhar\"],\"firstnames\":[\"G.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Gallocher-Lowe\"],\"firstnames\":[\"S.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sheriff\"],\"firstnames\":[\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kato\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Y.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Pinchuk\"],\"firstnames\":[\"L.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Schoephoerster\"],\"firstnames\":[\"R.\",\"T.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jesty\"],\"firstnames\":[\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bluestein\"],\"firstnames\":[\"D.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2011\",\"title\":\"Thrombogenic potential of Innovia polymer valves versus Carpentier-Edwards Perimount Magna aortic bioprosthetic valves\",\"journal\":\"ASAIO J\",\"volume\":\"57\",\"issue\":\"1\",\"pages\":\"26-31\",\"url_paper\":\"/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Claiborne_2011_Innovia_Thrombogenicity.pdf\",\"url_link\":\"https://doi.org/10.1097/MAT.0b013e3181fcbd86\",\"abstract\":\"Trileaflet polymeric prosthetic aortic valves (AVs) produce hemodynamic characteristics akin to the natural AV and may be most suitable for applications such as transcatheter implantation and mechanical circulatory support (MCS) devices. Their success has not yet been realized due to problems of calcification, durability, and thrombosis. We address the latter by comparing the platelet activation rates (PARs) of an improved polymer valve design (Innovia LLC) made from poly(styrene-block-isobutylene-block-styrene) (SIBS) with the commercially available Carpentier-Edwards Perimount Magna Aortic Bioprosthetic Valve. We used our modified prothrombinase platelet activity state (PAS) assay and flow cytometry methods to measure platelet activation of a pair of 19 mm valves mounted inside a pulsatile Berlin left ventricular assist device (LVAD). The PAR of the polymer valve measured with the PAS assay was fivefold lower than that of the tissue valve (p = 0.005) and fourfold lower with flow cytometry measurements (p = 0.007). In vitro hydrodynamic tests showed clinically similar performance of the Innovia and Magna valves. These results demonstrate a significant improvement in thrombogenic performance of the polymer valve compared with our previous study of the former valve design and encourage further development of SIBS for use in heart valve prostheses.\",\"project\":\"polymer and phvexperiments\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{z40,\\r\\n author = {Claiborne, T. E. and Girdhar, G. and Gallocher-Lowe, S. and Sheriff, J. and Kato, Y. and Pinchuk, L. and Schoephoerster, R. T. and Jesty, J. and Bluestein, D.},\\r\\n year = {2011},\\r\\n title = {Thrombogenic potential of Innovia polymer valves versus Carpentier-Edwards Perimount Magna aortic bioprosthetic valves},\\r\\n journal = {ASAIO J},\\r\\n volume = { 57},\\r\\n issue = {1},\\r\\n pages = {26-31},\\r\\n url_Paper={/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Claiborne_2011_Innovia_Thrombogenicity.pdf},\\r\\n url_Link = {https://doi.org/10.1097/MAT.0b013e3181fcbd86},\\r\\n abstract = {Trileaflet polymeric prosthetic aortic valves (AVs) produce hemodynamic characteristics akin to the natural AV and may be most suitable for applications such as transcatheter implantation and mechanical circulatory support (MCS) devices. Their success has not yet been realized due to problems of calcification, durability, and thrombosis. We address the latter by comparing the platelet activation rates (PARs) of an improved polymer valve design (Innovia LLC) made from poly(styrene-block-isobutylene-block-styrene) (SIBS) with the commercially available Carpentier-Edwards Perimount Magna Aortic Bioprosthetic Valve. We used our modified prothrombinase platelet activity state (PAS) assay and flow cytometry methods to measure platelet activation of a pair of 19 mm valves mounted inside a pulsatile Berlin left ventricular assist device (LVAD). The PAR of the polymer valve measured with the PAS assay was fivefold lower than that of the tissue valve (p = 0.005) and fourfold lower with flow cytometry measurements (p = 0.007). In vitro hydrodynamic tests showed clinically similar performance of the Innovia and Magna valves. These results demonstrate a significant improvement in thrombogenic performance of the polymer valve compared with our previous study of the former valve design and encourage further development of SIBS for use in heart valve prostheses.},\\r\\n project = {polymer and phvexperiments},\\r\\n type = {1. Peer-Reviewed Journal Papers}\\r\\n}\\r\\n\\r\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Claiborne, T. E.\",\"Girdhar, G.\",\"Gallocher-Lowe, S.\",\"Sheriff, J.\",\"Kato, Y.\",\"Pinchuk, L.\",\"Schoephoerster, R. T.\",\"Jesty, J.\",\"Bluestein, D.\"],\"key\":\"z40\",\"id\":\"z40\",\"bibbaseid\":\"claiborne-girdhar-gallocherlowe-sheriff-kato-pinchuk-schoephoerster-jesty-etal-thrombogenicpotentialofinnoviapolymervalvesversuscarpentieredwardsperimountmagnaaorticbioprostheticvalves-2011\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\" paper\":\"http://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Claiborne_2011_Innovia_Thrombogenicity.pdf\",\" link\":\"https://doi.org/10.1097/MAT.0b013e3181fcbd86\"},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{\"bluestein, d\":\"https://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/tavr.html\"}},\"downloads\":3,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"1. Peer-Reviewed Journal Papers\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Yin\"],\"firstnames\":[\"W.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Krukenkamp\"],\"firstnames\":[\"I.\",\"B.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Saltman\"],\"firstnames\":[\"A.\",\"E.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Gaudette\"],\"firstnames\":[\"G.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Suresh\"],\"firstnames\":[\"K.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bernal\"],\"firstnames\":[\"O.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jesty\"],\"firstnames\":[\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bluestein\"],\"firstnames\":[\"D.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2006\",\"title\":\"Thrombogenic performance of a St. Jude bileaflet mechanical heart valve in a sheep model\",\"journal\":\"ASAIO J\",\"volume\":\"52\",\"issue\":\"1\",\"pages\":\"28-33\",\"url_paper\":\"/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Yin_2006_MHV_sheep_model.pdf\",\"url_link\":\"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.mat.0000198123.42686.ca\",\"abstract\":\"The sheep model is preferred for chronic evaluation of prosthetic heart valves, surgical techniques, and endocardiographic studies. A bileaflet mechanical heart valve (MHV) was implanted into a sheep model to study its in vivo performance and to evaluate the thrombogenic potential of the valve. Transesophageal echocardiography and transcranial Doppler ultrasonography measurements were conducted before and after the valve implantation. Platelet activity state (PAS) assay measurements were also conducted before and after the implantation surgery. After sheep euthanasia, the MHV was explanted and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed on the explanted valve to examine changes to the MHV surface. Tissue blocks were taken from the sheep brain, left ventricle, aorta, spleen, and lung lobes for histological examination. Our results indicated that after the MHV implantation, more embolic signals were detected in the sheep carotid artery, increasing monotonously as a function of implantation time. Echocardiographic parameters including blood aortic velocity, transvalvular pressure gradient, and velocity time integral increased. PAS increased significantly after valve implantation. SEM pictures demonstrated calcium and phosphate deposition on the valve surfaces. Histological examination demonstrated hemorrhage in the lung tissue, pulmonary thrombosis, and osteogenesis in heart tissue.\",\"project\":\"phvexperiments\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{z64,\\r\\n author = {Yin, W. and Krukenkamp, I. B. and Saltman, A. E. and Gaudette, G. and Suresh, K. and Bernal, O. and Jesty, J. and Bluestein, D.},\\r\\n year = {2006},\\r\\n title = {Thrombogenic performance of a St. Jude bileaflet mechanical heart valve in a sheep model},\\r\\n journal = {ASAIO J},\\r\\n volume = {52},\\r\\n issue = {1},\\r\\n pages = {28-33},\\r\\n url_Paper={/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Yin_2006_MHV_sheep_model.pdf},\\r\\n url_Link = {https://doi.org/10.1097/01.mat.0000198123.42686.ca},\\r\\n abstract = {The sheep model is preferred for chronic evaluation of prosthetic heart valves, surgical techniques, and endocardiographic studies. A bileaflet mechanical heart valve (MHV) was implanted into a sheep model to study its in vivo performance and to evaluate the thrombogenic potential of the valve. Transesophageal echocardiography and transcranial Doppler ultrasonography measurements were conducted before and after the valve implantation. Platelet activity state (PAS) assay measurements were also conducted before and after the implantation surgery. After sheep euthanasia, the MHV was explanted and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed on the explanted valve to examine changes to the MHV surface. Tissue blocks were taken from the sheep brain, left ventricle, aorta, spleen, and lung lobes for histological examination. Our results indicated that after the MHV implantation, more embolic signals were detected in the sheep carotid artery, increasing monotonously as a function of implantation time. Echocardiographic parameters including blood aortic velocity, transvalvular pressure gradient, and velocity time integral increased. PAS increased significantly after valve implantation. SEM pictures demonstrated calcium and phosphate deposition on the valve surfaces. Histological examination demonstrated hemorrhage in the lung tissue, pulmonary thrombosis, and osteogenesis in heart tissue.},\\r\\n project = {phvexperiments},\\r\\n type = {1. Peer-Reviewed Journal Papers}\\r\\n}\\r\\n\\r\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Yin, W.\",\"Krukenkamp, I. B.\",\"Saltman, A. E.\",\"Gaudette, G.\",\"Suresh, K.\",\"Bernal, O.\",\"Jesty, J.\",\"Bluestein, D.\"],\"key\":\"z64\",\"id\":\"z64\",\"bibbaseid\":\"yin-krukenkamp-saltman-gaudette-suresh-bernal-jesty-bluestein-thrombogenicperformanceofastjudebileafletmechanicalheartvalveinasheepmodel-2006\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\" paper\":\"http://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Yin_2006_MHV_sheep_model.pdf\",\" link\":\"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.mat.0000198123.42686.ca\"},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{\"bluestein, d\":\"https://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/tavr.html\"}},\"downloads\":1,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"1. Peer-Reviewed Journal Papers\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Yin\"],\"firstnames\":[\"W.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Gallocher\"],\"firstnames\":[\"S.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Pinchuk\"],\"firstnames\":[\"L.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Schoephoerster\"],\"firstnames\":[\"R.\",\"T.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jesty\"],\"firstnames\":[\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bluestein\"],\"firstnames\":[\"D.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2005\",\"title\":\"Flow-induced platelet activation in a St. Jude mechanical heart valve, a trileaflet polymeric heart valve, and a St. Jude tissue valve\",\"journal\":\"Artif Organs\",\"volume\":\"29\",\"issue\":\"10\",\"pages\":\"826-831\",\"url_paper\":\"/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Yin_2005_platelet_activation_3_valves.pdf\",\"url_link\":\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1594.2005.29109.x\",\"abstract\":\"Polymer heart valves have been under investigation since the 1960s, but their success has been hampered by an overall lack of durability mainly due to calcification of the leaflets and a relatively high rate of thromboembolic complications. A new polymer (Quatromer) trileaflet design was tested for its thrombogenic potential and was compared to that of existing prosthetic heart valves routinely implanted in patients: a St. Jude Medical bileaflet mechanical heart valve (MHV) and a St. Jude porcine bioprosthetic tissue valve. The valves were mounted in a left ventricular assist device and the procoagulant activity of the platelets was measured using a platelet activation state (PAS) assay. The PAS measurements indicated that the platelet activation level induced by the polymeric valve was very similar to that induced by the St. Jude Medical MHV and the St. Jude tissue valve. No significant difference was observed between the three valves, indicating that they have a comparable thrombogenic potential\",\"project\":\"polymer and phvexperiments\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{z68,\\r\\n author = {Yin, W. and Gallocher, S. and Pinchuk, L. and Schoephoerster, R. T. and Jesty, J. and Bluestein, D.},\\r\\n year = {2005},\\r\\n title = {Flow-induced platelet activation in a St. Jude mechanical heart valve, a trileaflet polymeric heart valve, and a St. Jude tissue valve},\\r\\n journal = {Artif Organs},\\r\\n volume = {29},\\r\\n issue = {10},\\r\\n pages = {826-831},\\r\\n url_Paper={/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Yin_2005_platelet_activation_3_valves.pdf},\\r\\n url_Link = {https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1594.2005.29109.x},\\r\\n abstract = {Polymer heart valves have been under investigation since the 1960s, but their success has been hampered by an overall lack of durability mainly due to calcification of the leaflets and a relatively high rate of thromboembolic complications. A new polymer (Quatromer) trileaflet design was tested for its thrombogenic potential and was compared to that of existing prosthetic heart valves routinely implanted in patients: a St. Jude Medical bileaflet mechanical heart valve (MHV) and a St. Jude porcine bioprosthetic tissue valve. The valves were mounted in a left ventricular assist device and the procoagulant activity of the platelets was measured using a platelet activation state (PAS) assay. The PAS measurements indicated that the platelet activation level induced by the polymeric valve was very similar to that induced by the St. Jude Medical MHV and the St. Jude tissue valve. No significant difference was observed between the three valves, indicating that they have a comparable thrombogenic potential},\\r\\n project = {polymer and phvexperiments},\\r\\n type = {1. Peer-Reviewed Journal Papers}\\r\\n}\\r\\n\\r\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Yin, W.\",\"Gallocher, S.\",\"Pinchuk, L.\",\"Schoephoerster, R. T.\",\"Jesty, J.\",\"Bluestein, D.\"],\"key\":\"z68\",\"id\":\"z68\",\"bibbaseid\":\"yin-gallocher-pinchuk-schoephoerster-jesty-bluestein-flowinducedplateletactivationinastjudemechanicalheartvalveatrileafletpolymericheartvalveandastjudetissuevalve-2005\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\" paper\":\"http://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Yin_2005_platelet_activation_3_valves.pdf\",\" link\":\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1594.2005.29109.x\"},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{\"bluestein, d\":\"https://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/tavr.html\"}},\"downloads\":1,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"1. Peer-Reviewed Journal Papers\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bluestein\"],\"firstnames\":[\"D.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2004\",\"title\":\"Research approaches for studying flow-induced thromboembolic complications in blood recirculating devices\",\"journal\":\"Expert Rev Med Devices\",\"volume\":\"1\",\"issue\":\"1\",\"pages\":\"65-80\",\"url_paper\":\"/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Bluestein_2004_research_approaches_thromboembolic_complications.pdf\",\"url_link\":\"https://doi.org/10.1586/17434440.1.1.65\",\"abstract\":\"The advent of implantable blood recirculating devices has provided life-saving solutions to patients with severe cardiovascular diseases. Recently it has been reported that ventricular assist devices are superior to drug therapy. The implantable total artificial heart is showing promise as a potential solution to the chronic shortage of available heart transplants. Prosthetic heart valves are routinely used for replacing diseased heart valves. However, all of these devices share a common problem–significant complications such as hemolysis and thromboembolism often arise after their implantation. Elevated flow stresses that are present in the nonphysiologic geometries of blood recirculating devices, enhance their propensity to initiate thromboembolism by chronically activating the blood platelets. This, rather than hemolysis, appears to be the salient aspect of blood trauma in devices. Limitations in characterizing and controlling relevant aspects of the flow-induced mechanical stimuli and the platelet response, hampers our ability to achieve design optimization for these devices. The main objective of this article is to describe state-of-the-art numerical, experimental, and in vivo tools, that facilitate elucidation of flow-induced mechanisms leading to thromboembolism in prosthetic devices. Such techniques are giving rise to an accountable model for flow-induced thrombogenicity, and to a methodology that has the potential to transform current device design and testing practices. It might lead to substantial time and cost savings during the research and development phase, and has the potential to reduce the risks that patients implanted with these devices face, lower the ensuing healthcare costs, and offer viable long-term solutions for these patients.\",\"project\":\"phvexperiments\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{z69,\\r\\n author = {Bluestein, D.},\\r\\n year = {2004},\\r\\n title = {Research approaches for studying flow-induced thromboembolic complications in blood recirculating devices},\\r\\n journal = {Expert Rev Med Devices},\\r\\n volume = {1},\\r\\n issue = {1},\\r\\n pages = {65-80},\\r\\n url_Paper={/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Bluestein_2004_research_approaches_thromboembolic_complications.pdf},\\r\\n url_Link = {https://doi.org/10.1586/17434440.1.1.65},\\r\\n abstract = {The advent of implantable blood recirculating devices has provided life-saving solutions to patients with severe cardiovascular diseases. Recently it has been reported that ventricular assist devices are superior to drug therapy. The implantable total artificial heart is showing promise as a potential solution to the chronic shortage of available heart transplants. Prosthetic heart valves are routinely used for replacing diseased heart valves. However, all of these devices share a common problem--significant complications such as hemolysis and thromboembolism often arise after their implantation. Elevated flow stresses that are present in the nonphysiologic geometries of blood recirculating devices, enhance their propensity to initiate thromboembolism by chronically activating the blood platelets. This, rather than hemolysis, appears to be the salient aspect of blood trauma in devices. Limitations in characterizing and controlling relevant aspects of the flow-induced mechanical stimuli and the platelet response, hampers our ability to achieve design optimization for these devices. The main objective of this article is to describe state-of-the-art numerical, experimental, and in vivo tools, that facilitate elucidation of flow-induced mechanisms leading to thromboembolism in prosthetic devices. Such techniques are giving rise to an accountable model for flow-induced thrombogenicity, and to a methodology that has the potential to transform current device design and testing practices. It might lead to substantial time and cost savings during the research and development phase, and has the potential to reduce the risks that patients implanted with these devices face, lower the ensuing healthcare costs, and offer viable long-term solutions for these patients.},\\r\\n project = {phvexperiments},\\r\\n type = {1. Peer-Reviewed Journal Papers}\\r\\n}\\r\\n\\r\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Bluestein, D.\"],\"key\":\"z69\",\"id\":\"z69\",\"bibbaseid\":\"bluestein-researchapproachesforstudyingflowinducedthromboemboliccomplicationsinbloodrecirculatingdevices-2004\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\" paper\":\"http://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Bluestein_2004_research_approaches_thromboembolic_complications.pdf\",\" link\":\"https://doi.org/10.1586/17434440.1.1.65\"},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{\"bluestein, d\":\"https://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/tavr.html\"}},\"downloads\":1,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"1. Peer-Reviewed Journal Papers\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Yin\"],\"firstnames\":[\"W.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Alemu\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Y.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Affeld\"],\"firstnames\":[\"K.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jesty\"],\"firstnames\":[\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bluestein\"],\"firstnames\":[\"D.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2004\",\"title\":\"Flow-induced platelet activation in bileaflet and monoleaflet mechanical heart valves\",\"journal\":\"Ann Biomed Eng\",\"volume\":\"32\",\"issue\":\"8\",\"pages\":\"1058-1066\",\"url_paper\":\"/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Yin_2004_activation_bileaflet_monoleaflet_MHVs.pdf\",\"url_link\":\"https://doi.org/10.1114/B:ABME.0000036642.21895.3f\",\"abstract\":\"A study was conducted to measure in vitro the procoagulant properties of platelets induced by flow through Carbomedics bileaflet and Bjork-Shiley monoleaflet mechanical heart valves (MHVs). Valves were mounted in a left ventricular assist device, and platelets were circulated through them under pulsatile flow. Platelet activation states (PAS) were measured during circulation using a modified prothrombinase method. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of turbulent, transient, and non-Newtonian blood flow patterns generated by the two valve designs were done using the Wilcox k - w turbulence model, and platelet shear-stress histories (the integral of shear-stress exposure with respect to time) through the two MHVs were calculated. PAS measurements indicated that the bileaflet MHV activated platelets at a rate more than twice that observed with the monoleaflet MHV. Turbulent flow patterns were evident in CFD simulations for both valves, and corroborated the PAS observations, showing that, for particles close to the leaflet(s), shear-stress exposure in the bileaflet MHV can be more than four times that in the monoleaflet valve.\",\"project\":\"phvexperiments and mhvsimulation\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{z70,\\r\\n author = {Yin, W. and Alemu, Y. and Affeld, K. and Jesty, J. and Bluestein, D.},\\r\\n year = {2004},\\r\\n title = {Flow-induced platelet activation in bileaflet and monoleaflet mechanical heart valves},\\r\\n journal = {Ann Biomed Eng},\\r\\n volume = {32},\\r\\n issue = {8},\\r\\n pages = {1058-1066},\\r\\n url_Paper={/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Yin_2004_activation_bileaflet_monoleaflet_MHVs.pdf},\\r\\n url_Link = {https://doi.org/10.1114/B:ABME.0000036642.21895.3f},\\r\\n abstract = {A study was conducted to measure in vitro the procoagulant properties of platelets induced by flow through Carbomedics bileaflet and Bjork-Shiley monoleaflet mechanical heart valves (MHVs). Valves were mounted in a left ventricular assist device, and platelets were circulated through them under pulsatile flow. Platelet activation states (PAS) were measured during circulation using a modified prothrombinase method. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of turbulent, transient, and non-Newtonian blood flow patterns generated by the two valve designs were done using the Wilcox k - w turbulence model, and platelet shear-stress histories (the integral of shear-stress exposure with respect to time) through the two MHVs were calculated. PAS measurements indicated that the bileaflet MHV activated platelets at a rate more than twice that observed with the monoleaflet MHV. Turbulent flow patterns were evident in CFD simulations for both valves, and corroborated the PAS observations, showing that, for particles close to the leaflet(s), shear-stress exposure in the bileaflet MHV can be more than four times that in the monoleaflet valve.},\\r\\n project = {phvexperiments and mhvsimulation},\\r\\n type = {1. Peer-Reviewed Journal Papers}\\r\\n}\\r\\n\\r\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Yin, W.\",\"Alemu, Y.\",\"Affeld, K.\",\"Jesty, J.\",\"Bluestein, D.\"],\"key\":\"z70\",\"id\":\"z70\",\"bibbaseid\":\"yin-alemu-affeld-jesty-bluestein-flowinducedplateletactivationinbileafletandmonoleafletmechanicalheartvalves-2004\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\" paper\":\"http://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Yin_2004_activation_bileaflet_monoleaflet_MHVs.pdf\",\" link\":\"https://doi.org/10.1114/B:ABME.0000036642.21895.3f\"},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{\"bluestein, d\":\"https://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/tavr.html\"}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"1. Peer-Reviewed Journal Papers\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bluestein\"],\"firstnames\":[\"D.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Yin\"],\"firstnames\":[\"W.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Affeld\"],\"firstnames\":[\"K.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jesty\"],\"firstnames\":[\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2004\",\"title\":\"Flow-induced platelet activation in mechanical heart valves\",\"journal\":\"J Heart Valve Dis\",\"volume\":\"13\",\"issue\":\"3\",\"pages\":\"501-508\",\"url_paper\":\"/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Bluestein_2004_platelet_activation_MHVs.pdf\",\"url_link\":\"https://www.icr-heart.com/?cid=1326\",\"abstract\":\"BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE STUDY: A study was conducted to measure in vitro the procoagulant properties of platelets induced by flow through mechanical heart valves. METHODS: The procoagulant activity of platelets was measured using a real-time assay of platelet activation state (PAS), which was based on a modification of the prothrombinase method. Acetylated prothrombin was used instead of normal prothrombin in this assay in order to eliminate the positive feedback effect of thrombin. This enabled a direct comparison between thrombin generation rates in the assay and the flow stresses that induce platelet activation. Gel-filtered platelets (10(5) per microliters) were circulated through a left ventricular assist device with two Bjork-Shiley mono-leaflet mechanical heart valves mounted in opposition, and platelet activation state was measured over 30-min time courses. The results were compared with two configurations in which the leaflet motion of one of the valves was restricted (severely restricted and mildly restricted), mimicking defective function of a compromised valve in vivo, and with a control lacking valves. RESULTS: The severely restricted valve activated the platelets at a rate eight-fold higher than with unrestricted valves, and three-fold higher than with mildly restricted valves. Both restricted valves activated platelets at rates significantly higher than either the control (no valves) or the unrestricted valve. CONCLUSION: Flow through compromised mechanical heart valves causes platelet activation, which can be measured with a modified prothrombinase assay system. The ability to perform sensitive quantitative measurements in cardiovascular devices in vitro may have a significant impact on the design and development of these devices.\",\"project\":\"phvexperiments\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{z72,\\r\\n author = {Bluestein, D. and Yin, W. and Affeld, K. and Jesty, J.},\\r\\n year = {2004},\\r\\n title = {Flow-induced platelet activation in mechanical heart valves},\\r\\n journal = {J Heart Valve Dis},\\r\\n volume = {13},\\r\\n issue = {3},\\r\\n pages = {501-508},\\r\\n url_Paper={/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Bluestein_2004_platelet_activation_MHVs.pdf},\\r\\n url_Link = {https://www.icr-heart.com/?cid=1326},\\r\\n abstract = {BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE STUDY: A study was conducted to measure in vitro the procoagulant properties of platelets induced by flow through mechanical heart valves. METHODS: The procoagulant activity of platelets was measured using a real-time assay of platelet activation state (PAS), which was based on a modification of the prothrombinase method. Acetylated prothrombin was used instead of normal prothrombin in this assay in order to eliminate the positive feedback effect of thrombin. This enabled a direct comparison between thrombin generation rates in the assay and the flow stresses that induce platelet activation. Gel-filtered platelets (10(5) per microliters) were circulated through a left ventricular assist device with two Bjork-Shiley mono-leaflet mechanical heart valves mounted in opposition, and platelet activation state was measured over 30-min time courses. The results were compared with two configurations in which the leaflet motion of one of the valves was restricted (severely restricted and mildly restricted), mimicking defective function of a compromised valve in vivo, and with a control lacking valves. RESULTS: The severely restricted valve activated the platelets at a rate eight-fold higher than with unrestricted valves, and three-fold higher than with mildly restricted valves. Both restricted valves activated platelets at rates significantly higher than either the control (no valves) or the unrestricted valve. CONCLUSION: Flow through compromised mechanical heart valves causes platelet activation, which can be measured with a modified prothrombinase assay system. The ability to perform sensitive quantitative measurements in cardiovascular devices in vitro may have a significant impact on the design and development of these devices.},\\r\\n project = {phvexperiments},\\r\\n type = {1. Peer-Reviewed Journal Papers}\\r\\n}\\r\\n\\r\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Bluestein, D.\",\"Yin, W.\",\"Affeld, K.\",\"Jesty, J.\"],\"key\":\"z72\",\"id\":\"z72\",\"bibbaseid\":\"bluestein-yin-affeld-jesty-flowinducedplateletactivationinmechanicalheartvalves-2004\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\" paper\":\"http://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Bluestein_2004_platelet_activation_MHVs.pdf\",\" link\":\"https://www.icr-heart.com/?cid=1326\"},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{\"bluestein, d\":\"https://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/tavr.html\"}},\"html\":\"\"}],\n      metadata: {\"owner\":\"bluestein, d\",\"authorlinks\":{\"bluestein, d\":\"https://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/tavr.html\"}},\n      ownerID: \"wKAGsoDaMFyBnYpDG\"\n    };\n  </script>\n\n  <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n  var site$;\n  if (typeof $ != 'undefined') {\n    console.log('existing jquery: storing and then restoring');\n    site$ = $;\n    $ = null;\n  }\n  </script>\n\n  <script src=\"https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.2.4/jquery.min.js\">\n  </script>\n  <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n  if (site$) {\n    console.log('existing jquery: avoiding conflict and restoring');\n    bb$ = $.noConflict(true);\n    $ = site$;\n  } else {\n    bb$ = $;\n  }\n  </script>\n\n  <script src=\"//bibbase.org/js/bibbase.min.js\"\n          type=\"text/javascript\">\n  </script>\n\n  <script type=\"text/javascript\"\n          src=\"https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.1/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML\">\n  </script>\n  <script type=\"text/x-mathjax-config\">\n    MathJax.Hub.Config({tex2jax: {inlineMath: [['$','$'], ['\\\\(','\\\\)']]},\n                        skipTags: [\"body\"],\n                        processClass: \"bibbase_paper\"});\n  </script>\n\n  <style>\n  @media print {\n    .dontprint {\n        display: none !important;\n    }\n\n  .bibbase_group {\n    background-color: #E0E0E0;\n    font-style: italic;\n    font-size: larger;\n    text-shadow: 0px 0px 3px #FFFFFF;\n    border-radius: 4px 4px 4px 4px;\n    -moz-border-radius: 4px 4px 4px 4px;\n    -webkit-border-radius: 4px;\n    padding: 5px 40px 5px;\n    margin-top: 10px;\n    margin-bottom: 5px;\n    cursor: pointer;\n  }\n\n  .bibbase_paper {\n    margin-bottom: 5px;\n  }\n\n  }\n  </style>\n\n  \n  <div style=\"float: right; margin-right: 10px; margin-top: 10px; text-align: right; font-size: 12px\">\n    generated by\n    <a href=\"//bibbase.org\"\n       onclick=\"trackOutboundLink('bibbase', 'logo clicked', window.location.href, '//bibbase.org'); return false;\">\n      <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/logo.svg\"\n           style=\"vertical-align: middle; margin-left: 3px; height: 16px;\"/\n           alt=\"bibbase.org\"\n           title=\"BibBase – The easiest way to maintain your publications page.\"\n        ></a>\n    \n  </div>\n  \n\n  <div id=\"bibbase_header\" class=\"dontprint\" style=\"\">\n\n    <ul class=\"nav nav-pills\" style=\"margin: 0px;\">\n\n      <li class=\"dropdown\" id=\"groupby_dropdown\">\n      <a class=\"dropdown-toggle\"\n         data-toggle=\"dropdown\"\n         href=\"#\">\n          Group by\n          <b class=\"caret\"></b>\n      </a>\n      <ul class=\"dropdown-menu\">\n        <li class=\"groupby year\"><a onclick=\"groupby('year')\">\n            Year</a>\n        </li>\n        <li class=\"groupby author\"><a onclick=\"groupby('author_short')\">\n            Author</a>\n        </li>\n        <li class=\"groupby type\"><a onclick=\"groupby('type')\">\n            Type</a>\n        </li>\n        <li class=\"groupby keyword\"><a onclick=\"groupby('keyword')\">\n            Keyword</a>\n        </li>\n        <li class=\"groupby downloads\"><a onclick=\"groupby('downloads')\">\n            Downloads</a>\n        </li>\n      </ul>\n      </li>\n\n\n      <li class=\"dropdown\" id=\"menu_dropdown\">\n      <a class=\"dropdown-toggle\"\n         data-toggle=\"dropdown\"\n         href=\"#\" alt=\"controls\">\n          <i class=\"fa fa-reorder\" alt=\"controls\"></i>\n          <b class=\"caret\"></b>\n      </a>\n      <ul class=\"dropdown-menu\">\n        <li>\n          <a onclick=\"toggleAll()\">\n            <i class=\"fa fa-chevron-down fa-fw\"></i> Expand/Collapse All\n          </a>\n        </li>\n        <li>\n          <a download=\"Publications-database.bib\" href=\"data:text/bibtex;base64,@article{z40,
 author = {Claiborne, T. E. and Girdhar, G. and Gallocher-Lowe, S. and Sheriff, J. and Kato, Y. and Pinchuk, L. and Schoephoerster, R. T. and Jesty, J. and Bluestein, D.},
 year = {2011},
 title = {Thrombogenic potential of Innovia polymer valves versus Carpentier-Edwards Perimount Magna aortic bioprosthetic valves},
 journal = {ASAIO J},
 volume = { 57},
 issue = {1},
 pages = {26-31},
 url_Paper={/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Claiborne_2011_Innovia_Thrombogenicity.pdf},
 url_Link = {https://doi.org/10.1097/MAT.0b013e3181fcbd86},
 abstract = {Trileaflet polymeric prosthetic aortic valves (AVs) produce hemodynamic characteristics akin to the natural AV and may be most suitable for applications such as transcatheter implantation and mechanical circulatory support (MCS) devices. Their success has not yet been realized due to problems of calcification, durability, and thrombosis. We address the latter by comparing the platelet activation rates (PARs) of an improved polymer valve design (Innovia LLC) made from poly(styrene-block-isobutylene-block-styrene) (SIBS) with the commercially available Carpentier-Edwards Perimount Magna Aortic Bioprosthetic Valve. We used our modified prothrombinase platelet activity state (PAS) assay and flow cytometry methods to measure platelet activation of a pair of 19 mm valves mounted inside a pulsatile Berlin left ventricular assist device (LVAD). The PAR of the polymer valve measured with the PAS assay was fivefold lower than that of the tissue valve (p = 0.005) and fourfold lower with flow cytometry measurements (p = 0.007). In vitro hydrodynamic tests showed clinically similar performance of the Innovia and Magna valves. These results demonstrate a significant improvement in thrombogenic performance of the polymer valve compared with our previous study of the former valve design and encourage further development of SIBS for use in heart valve prostheses.},
 project = {polymer and phvexperiments},
 type = {1. Peer-Reviewed Journal Papers}
}



@article{z64,
 author = {Yin, W. and Krukenkamp, I. B. and Saltman, A. E. and Gaudette, G. and Suresh, K. and Bernal, O. and Jesty, J. and Bluestein, D.},
 year = {2006},
 title = {Thrombogenic performance of a St. Jude bileaflet mechanical heart valve in a sheep model},
 journal = {ASAIO J},
 volume = {52},
 issue = {1},
 pages = {28-33},
 url_Paper={/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Yin_2006_MHV_sheep_model.pdf},
 url_Link = {https://doi.org/10.1097/01.mat.0000198123.42686.ca},
 abstract = {The sheep model is preferred for chronic evaluation of prosthetic heart valves, surgical techniques, and endocardiographic studies. A bileaflet mechanical heart valve (MHV) was implanted into a sheep model to study its in vivo performance and to evaluate the thrombogenic potential of the valve. Transesophageal echocardiography and transcranial Doppler ultrasonography measurements were conducted before and after the valve implantation. Platelet activity state (PAS) assay measurements were also conducted before and after the implantation surgery. After sheep euthanasia, the MHV was explanted and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed on the explanted valve to examine changes to the MHV surface. Tissue blocks were taken from the sheep brain, left ventricle, aorta, spleen, and lung lobes for histological examination. Our results indicated that after the MHV implantation, more embolic signals were detected in the sheep carotid artery, increasing monotonously as a function of implantation time. Echocardiographic parameters including blood aortic velocity, transvalvular pressure gradient, and velocity time integral increased. PAS increased significantly after valve implantation. SEM pictures demonstrated calcium and phosphate deposition on the valve surfaces. Histological examination demonstrated hemorrhage in the lung tissue, pulmonary thrombosis, and osteogenesis in heart tissue.},
 project = {phvexperiments},
 type = {1. Peer-Reviewed Journal Papers}
}



@article{z68,
 author = {Yin, W. and Gallocher, S. and Pinchuk, L. and Schoephoerster, R. T. and Jesty, J. and Bluestein, D.},
 year = {2005},
 title = {Flow-induced platelet activation in a St. Jude mechanical heart valve, a trileaflet polymeric heart valve, and a St. Jude tissue valve},
 journal = {Artif Organs},
 volume = {29},
 issue = {10},
 pages = {826-831},
 url_Paper={/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Yin_2005_platelet_activation_3_valves.pdf},
 url_Link = {https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1594.2005.29109.x},
 abstract = {Polymer heart valves have been under investigation since the 1960s, but their success has been hampered by an overall lack of durability mainly due to calcification of the leaflets and a relatively high rate of thromboembolic complications. A new polymer (Quatromer) trileaflet design was tested for its thrombogenic potential and was compared to that of existing prosthetic heart valves routinely implanted in patients: a St. Jude Medical bileaflet mechanical heart valve (MHV) and a St. Jude porcine bioprosthetic tissue valve. The valves were mounted in a left ventricular assist device and the procoagulant activity of the platelets was measured using a platelet activation state (PAS) assay. The PAS measurements indicated that the platelet activation level induced by the polymeric valve was very similar to that induced by the St. Jude Medical MHV and the St. Jude tissue valve. No significant difference was observed between the three valves, indicating that they have a comparable thrombogenic potential},
 project = {polymer and phvexperiments},
 type = {1. Peer-Reviewed Journal Papers}
}



@article{z69,
 author = {Bluestein, D.},
 year = {2004},
 title = {Research approaches for studying flow-induced thromboembolic complications in blood recirculating devices},
 journal = {Expert Rev Med Devices},
 volume = {1},
 issue = {1},
 pages = {65-80},
 url_Paper={/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Bluestein_2004_research_approaches_thromboembolic_complications.pdf},
 url_Link = {https://doi.org/10.1586/17434440.1.1.65},
 abstract = {The advent of implantable blood recirculating devices has provided life-saving solutions to patients with severe cardiovascular diseases. Recently it has been reported that ventricular assist devices are superior to drug therapy. The implantable total artificial heart is showing promise as a potential solution to the chronic shortage of available heart transplants. Prosthetic heart valves are routinely used for replacing diseased heart valves. However, all of these devices share a common problem--significant complications such as hemolysis and thromboembolism often arise after their implantation. Elevated flow stresses that are present in the nonphysiologic geometries of blood recirculating devices, enhance their propensity to initiate thromboembolism by chronically activating the blood platelets. This, rather than hemolysis, appears to be the salient aspect of blood trauma in devices. Limitations in characterizing and controlling relevant aspects of the flow-induced mechanical stimuli and the platelet response, hampers our ability to achieve design optimization for these devices. The main objective of this article is to describe state-of-the-art numerical, experimental, and in vivo tools, that facilitate elucidation of flow-induced mechanisms leading to thromboembolism in prosthetic devices. Such techniques are giving rise to an accountable model for flow-induced thrombogenicity, and to a methodology that has the potential to transform current device design and testing practices. It might lead to substantial time and cost savings during the research and development phase, and has the potential to reduce the risks that patients implanted with these devices face, lower the ensuing healthcare costs, and offer viable long-term solutions for these patients.},
 project = {phvexperiments},
 type = {1. Peer-Reviewed Journal Papers}
}



@article{z70,
 author = {Yin, W. and Alemu, Y. and Affeld, K. and Jesty, J. and Bluestein, D.},
 year = {2004},
 title = {Flow-induced platelet activation in bileaflet and monoleaflet mechanical heart valves},
 journal = {Ann Biomed Eng},
 volume = {32},
 issue = {8},
 pages = {1058-1066},
 url_Paper={/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Yin_2004_activation_bileaflet_monoleaflet_MHVs.pdf},
 url_Link = {https://doi.org/10.1114/B:ABME.0000036642.21895.3f},
 abstract = {A study was conducted to measure in vitro the procoagulant properties of platelets induced by flow through Carbomedics bileaflet and Bjork-Shiley monoleaflet mechanical heart valves (MHVs). Valves were mounted in a left ventricular assist device, and platelets were circulated through them under pulsatile flow. Platelet activation states (PAS) were measured during circulation using a modified prothrombinase method. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of turbulent, transient, and non-Newtonian blood flow patterns generated by the two valve designs were done using the Wilcox k - w turbulence model, and platelet shear-stress histories (the integral of shear-stress exposure with respect to time) through the two MHVs were calculated. PAS measurements indicated that the bileaflet MHV activated platelets at a rate more than twice that observed with the monoleaflet MHV. Turbulent flow patterns were evident in CFD simulations for both valves, and corroborated the PAS observations, showing that, for particles close to the leaflet(s), shear-stress exposure in the bileaflet MHV can be more than four times that in the monoleaflet valve.},
 project = {phvexperiments and mhvsimulation},
 type = {1. Peer-Reviewed Journal Papers}
}



@article{z72,
 author = {Bluestein, D. and Yin, W. and Affeld, K. and Jesty, J.},
 year = {2004},
 title = {Flow-induced platelet activation in mechanical heart valves},
 journal = {J Heart Valve Dis},
 volume = {13},
 issue = {3},
 pages = {501-508},
 url_Paper={/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Bluestein_2004_platelet_activation_MHVs.pdf},
 url_Link = {https://www.icr-heart.com/?cid=1326},
 abstract = {BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE STUDY: A study was conducted to measure in vitro the procoagulant properties of platelets induced by flow through mechanical heart valves. METHODS: The procoagulant activity of platelets was measured using a real-time assay of platelet activation state (PAS), which was based on a modification of the prothrombinase method. Acetylated prothrombin was used instead of normal prothrombin in this assay in order to eliminate the positive feedback effect of thrombin. This enabled a direct comparison between thrombin generation rates in the assay and the flow stresses that induce platelet activation. Gel-filtered platelets (10(5) per microliters) were circulated through a left ventricular assist device with two Bjork-Shiley mono-leaflet mechanical heart valves mounted in opposition, and platelet activation state was measured over 30-min time courses. The results were compared with two configurations in which the leaflet motion of one of the valves was restricted (severely restricted and mildly restricted), mimicking defective function of a compromised valve in vivo, and with a control lacking valves. RESULTS: The severely restricted valve activated the platelets at a rate eight-fold higher than with unrestricted valves, and three-fold higher than with mildly restricted valves. Both restricted valves activated platelets at rates significantly higher than either the control (no valves) or the unrestricted valve. CONCLUSION: Flow through compromised mechanical heart valves causes platelet activation, which can be measured with a modified prothrombinase assay system. The ability to perform sensitive quantitative measurements in cardiovascular devices in vitro may have a significant impact on the design and development of these devices.},
 project = {phvexperiments},
 type = {1. Peer-Reviewed Journal Papers}
}

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Peer-Reviewed Journal Papers</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (6)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"claiborne-girdhar-gallocherlowe-sheriff-kato-pinchuk-schoephoerster-jesty-etal-thrombogenicpotentialofinnoviapolymervalvesversuscarpentieredwardsperimountmagnaaorticbioprostheticvalves-2011\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Claiborne, T. E.; Girdhar, G.; Gallocher-Lowe, S.; Sheriff, J.; Kato, Y.; Pinchuk, L.; Schoephoerster, R. T.; Jesty, J.;  and <a class=\"bibbase author link\" href=\"https://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/tavr.html\">Bluestein, D.</a>\n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"http://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Claiborne_2011_Innovia_Thrombogenicity.pdf\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'claiborne-girdhar-gallocherlowe-sheriff-kato-pinchuk-schoephoerster-jesty-etal-thrombogenicpotentialofinnoviapolymervalvesversuscarpentieredwardsperimountmagnaaorticbioprostheticvalves-2011', 'http://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Claiborne_2011_Innovia_Thrombogenicity.pdf', event);\">\n    Thrombogenic potential of Innovia polymer valves versus Carpentier-Edwards Perimount Magna aortic bioprosthetic valves.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>ASAIO J</i>, 57: 26-31.  2011.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Claiborne_2011_Innovia_Thrombogenicity.pdf\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('claiborne-girdhar-gallocherlowe-sheriff-kato-pinchuk-schoephoerster-jesty-etal-thrombogenicpotentialofinnoviapolymervalvesversuscarpentieredwardsperimountmagnaaorticbioprostheticvalves-2011', 'http://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Claiborne_2011_Innovia_Thrombogenicity.pdf', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/pdf.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"Thrombogenic potential of Innovia polymer valves versus Carpentier-Edwards Perimount Magna aortic bioprosthetic valves [pdf]\"\n       title=\" paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\"> paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1097/MAT.0b013e3181fcbd86\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('claiborne-girdhar-gallocherlowe-sheriff-kato-pinchuk-schoephoerster-jesty-etal-thrombogenicpotentialofinnoviapolymervalvesversuscarpentieredwardsperimountmagnaaorticbioprostheticvalves-2011', 'https://doi.org/10.1097/MAT.0b013e3181fcbd86', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"Thrombogenic potential of Innovia polymer valves versus Carpentier-Edwards Perimount Magna aortic bioprosthetic valves [link]\"\n       title=\" link\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\"> link</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/claiborne-girdhar-gallocherlowe-sheriff-kato-pinchuk-schoephoerster-jesty-etal-thrombogenicpotentialofinnoviapolymervalvesversuscarpentieredwardsperimountmagnaaorticbioprostheticvalves-2011\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <span class=\"bibbase_stats_paper\" style=\"color: #777;\">\n    <span>3 downloads</span>\n  </span>\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('claiborne-girdhar-gallocherlowe-sheriff-kato-pinchuk-schoephoerster-jesty-etal-thrombogenicpotentialofinnoviapolymervalvesversuscarpentieredwardsperimountmagnaaorticbioprostheticvalves-2011')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{z40,\r\n author = {Claiborne, T. E. and Girdhar, G. and Gallocher-Lowe, S. and Sheriff, J. and Kato, Y. and Pinchuk, L. and Schoephoerster, R. T. and Jesty, J. and Bluestein, D.},\r\n year = {2011},\r\n title = {Thrombogenic potential of Innovia polymer valves versus Carpentier-Edwards Perimount Magna aortic bioprosthetic valves},\r\n journal = {ASAIO J},\r\n volume = { 57},\r\n issue = {1},\r\n pages = {26-31},\r\n url_Paper={/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Claiborne_2011_Innovia_Thrombogenicity.pdf},\r\n url_Link = {https://doi.org/10.1097/MAT.0b013e3181fcbd86},\r\n abstract = {Trileaflet polymeric prosthetic aortic valves (AVs) produce hemodynamic characteristics akin to the natural AV and may be most suitable for applications such as transcatheter implantation and mechanical circulatory support (MCS) devices. Their success has not yet been realized due to problems of calcification, durability, and thrombosis. We address the latter by comparing the platelet activation rates (PARs) of an improved polymer valve design (Innovia LLC) made from poly(styrene-block-isobutylene-block-styrene) (SIBS) with the commercially available Carpentier-Edwards Perimount Magna Aortic Bioprosthetic Valve. We used our modified prothrombinase platelet activity state (PAS) assay and flow cytometry methods to measure platelet activation of a pair of 19 mm valves mounted inside a pulsatile Berlin left ventricular assist device (LVAD). The PAR of the polymer valve measured with the PAS assay was fivefold lower than that of the tissue valve (p = 0.005) and fourfold lower with flow cytometry measurements (p = 0.007). In vitro hydrodynamic tests showed clinically similar performance of the Innovia and Magna valves. These results demonstrate a significant improvement in thrombogenic performance of the polymer valve compared with our previous study of the former valve design and encourage further development of SIBS for use in heart valve prostheses.},\r\n project = {polymer and phvexperiments},\r\n type = {1. Peer-Reviewed Journal Papers}\r\n}\r\n\r\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  Trileaflet polymeric prosthetic aortic valves (AVs) produce hemodynamic characteristics akin to the natural AV and may be most suitable for applications such as transcatheter implantation and mechanical circulatory support (MCS) devices. Their success has not yet been realized due to problems of calcification, durability, and thrombosis. We address the latter by comparing the platelet activation rates (PARs) of an improved polymer valve design (Innovia LLC) made from poly(styrene-block-isobutylene-block-styrene) (SIBS) with the commercially available Carpentier-Edwards Perimount Magna Aortic Bioprosthetic Valve. We used our modified prothrombinase platelet activity state (PAS) assay and flow cytometry methods to measure platelet activation of a pair of 19 mm valves mounted inside a pulsatile Berlin left ventricular assist device (LVAD). The PAR of the polymer valve measured with the PAS assay was fivefold lower than that of the tissue valve (p = 0.005) and fourfold lower with flow cytometry measurements (p = 0.007). In vitro hydrodynamic tests showed clinically similar performance of the Innovia and Magna valves. These results demonstrate a significant improvement in thrombogenic performance of the polymer valve compared with our previous study of the former valve design and encourage further development of SIBS for use in heart valve prostheses.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"yin-krukenkamp-saltman-gaudette-suresh-bernal-jesty-bluestein-thrombogenicperformanceofastjudebileafletmechanicalheartvalveinasheepmodel-2006\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Yin, W.; Krukenkamp, I. B.; Saltman, A. E.; Gaudette, G.; Suresh, K.; Bernal, O.; Jesty, J.;  and <a class=\"bibbase author link\" href=\"https://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/tavr.html\">Bluestein, D.</a>\n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"http://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Yin_2006_MHV_sheep_model.pdf\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'yin-krukenkamp-saltman-gaudette-suresh-bernal-jesty-bluestein-thrombogenicperformanceofastjudebileafletmechanicalheartvalveinasheepmodel-2006', 'http://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Yin_2006_MHV_sheep_model.pdf', event);\">\n    Thrombogenic performance of a St. Jude bileaflet mechanical heart valve in a sheep model.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>ASAIO J</i>, 52: 28-33.  2006.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Yin_2006_MHV_sheep_model.pdf\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('yin-krukenkamp-saltman-gaudette-suresh-bernal-jesty-bluestein-thrombogenicperformanceofastjudebileafletmechanicalheartvalveinasheepmodel-2006', 'http://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Yin_2006_MHV_sheep_model.pdf', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/pdf.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"Thrombogenic performance of a St. Jude bileaflet mechanical heart valve in a sheep model [pdf]\"\n       title=\" paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\"> paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.mat.0000198123.42686.ca\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('yin-krukenkamp-saltman-gaudette-suresh-bernal-jesty-bluestein-thrombogenicperformanceofastjudebileafletmechanicalheartvalveinasheepmodel-2006', 'https://doi.org/10.1097/01.mat.0000198123.42686.ca', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"Thrombogenic performance of a St. Jude bileaflet mechanical heart valve in a sheep model [link]\"\n       title=\" link\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\"> link</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/yin-krukenkamp-saltman-gaudette-suresh-bernal-jesty-bluestein-thrombogenicperformanceofastjudebileafletmechanicalheartvalveinasheepmodel-2006\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <span class=\"bibbase_stats_paper\" style=\"color: #777;\">\n    <span>1 download</span>\n  </span>\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('yin-krukenkamp-saltman-gaudette-suresh-bernal-jesty-bluestein-thrombogenicperformanceofastjudebileafletmechanicalheartvalveinasheepmodel-2006')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{z64,\r\n author = {Yin, W. and Krukenkamp, I. B. and Saltman, A. E. and Gaudette, G. and Suresh, K. and Bernal, O. and Jesty, J. and Bluestein, D.},\r\n year = {2006},\r\n title = {Thrombogenic performance of a St. Jude bileaflet mechanical heart valve in a sheep model},\r\n journal = {ASAIO J},\r\n volume = {52},\r\n issue = {1},\r\n pages = {28-33},\r\n url_Paper={/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Yin_2006_MHV_sheep_model.pdf},\r\n url_Link = {https://doi.org/10.1097/01.mat.0000198123.42686.ca},\r\n abstract = {The sheep model is preferred for chronic evaluation of prosthetic heart valves, surgical techniques, and endocardiographic studies. A bileaflet mechanical heart valve (MHV) was implanted into a sheep model to study its in vivo performance and to evaluate the thrombogenic potential of the valve. Transesophageal echocardiography and transcranial Doppler ultrasonography measurements were conducted before and after the valve implantation. Platelet activity state (PAS) assay measurements were also conducted before and after the implantation surgery. After sheep euthanasia, the MHV was explanted and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed on the explanted valve to examine changes to the MHV surface. Tissue blocks were taken from the sheep brain, left ventricle, aorta, spleen, and lung lobes for histological examination. Our results indicated that after the MHV implantation, more embolic signals were detected in the sheep carotid artery, increasing monotonously as a function of implantation time. Echocardiographic parameters including blood aortic velocity, transvalvular pressure gradient, and velocity time integral increased. PAS increased significantly after valve implantation. SEM pictures demonstrated calcium and phosphate deposition on the valve surfaces. Histological examination demonstrated hemorrhage in the lung tissue, pulmonary thrombosis, and osteogenesis in heart tissue.},\r\n project = {phvexperiments},\r\n type = {1. Peer-Reviewed Journal Papers}\r\n}\r\n\r\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  The sheep model is preferred for chronic evaluation of prosthetic heart valves, surgical techniques, and endocardiographic studies. A bileaflet mechanical heart valve (MHV) was implanted into a sheep model to study its in vivo performance and to evaluate the thrombogenic potential of the valve. Transesophageal echocardiography and transcranial Doppler ultrasonography measurements were conducted before and after the valve implantation. Platelet activity state (PAS) assay measurements were also conducted before and after the implantation surgery. After sheep euthanasia, the MHV was explanted and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed on the explanted valve to examine changes to the MHV surface. Tissue blocks were taken from the sheep brain, left ventricle, aorta, spleen, and lung lobes for histological examination. Our results indicated that after the MHV implantation, more embolic signals were detected in the sheep carotid artery, increasing monotonously as a function of implantation time. Echocardiographic parameters including blood aortic velocity, transvalvular pressure gradient, and velocity time integral increased. PAS increased significantly after valve implantation. SEM pictures demonstrated calcium and phosphate deposition on the valve surfaces. Histological examination demonstrated hemorrhage in the lung tissue, pulmonary thrombosis, and osteogenesis in heart tissue.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"yin-gallocher-pinchuk-schoephoerster-jesty-bluestein-flowinducedplateletactivationinastjudemechanicalheartvalveatrileafletpolymericheartvalveandastjudetissuevalve-2005\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Yin, W.; Gallocher, S.; Pinchuk, L.; Schoephoerster, R. T.; Jesty, J.;  and <a class=\"bibbase author link\" href=\"https://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/tavr.html\">Bluestein, D.</a>\n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"http://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Yin_2005_platelet_activation_3_valves.pdf\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'yin-gallocher-pinchuk-schoephoerster-jesty-bluestein-flowinducedplateletactivationinastjudemechanicalheartvalveatrileafletpolymericheartvalveandastjudetissuevalve-2005', 'http://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Yin_2005_platelet_activation_3_valves.pdf', event);\">\n    Flow-induced platelet activation in a St. Jude mechanical heart valve, a trileaflet polymeric heart valve, and a St. Jude tissue valve.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>Artif Organs</i>, 29: 826-831.  2005.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Yin_2005_platelet_activation_3_valves.pdf\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('yin-gallocher-pinchuk-schoephoerster-jesty-bluestein-flowinducedplateletactivationinastjudemechanicalheartvalveatrileafletpolymericheartvalveandastjudetissuevalve-2005', 'http://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Yin_2005_platelet_activation_3_valves.pdf', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/pdf.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"Flow-induced platelet activation in a St. Jude mechanical heart valve, a trileaflet polymeric heart valve, and a St. Jude tissue valve [pdf]\"\n       title=\" paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\"> paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1594.2005.29109.x\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('yin-gallocher-pinchuk-schoephoerster-jesty-bluestein-flowinducedplateletactivationinastjudemechanicalheartvalveatrileafletpolymericheartvalveandastjudetissuevalve-2005', 'https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1594.2005.29109.x', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"Flow-induced platelet activation in a St. Jude mechanical heart valve, a trileaflet polymeric heart valve, and a St. Jude tissue valve [link]\"\n       title=\" link\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\"> link</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/yin-gallocher-pinchuk-schoephoerster-jesty-bluestein-flowinducedplateletactivationinastjudemechanicalheartvalveatrileafletpolymericheartvalveandastjudetissuevalve-2005\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <span class=\"bibbase_stats_paper\" style=\"color: #777;\">\n    <span>1 download</span>\n  </span>\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('yin-gallocher-pinchuk-schoephoerster-jesty-bluestein-flowinducedplateletactivationinastjudemechanicalheartvalveatrileafletpolymericheartvalveandastjudetissuevalve-2005')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{z68,\r\n author = {Yin, W. and Gallocher, S. and Pinchuk, L. and Schoephoerster, R. T. and Jesty, J. and Bluestein, D.},\r\n year = {2005},\r\n title = {Flow-induced platelet activation in a St. Jude mechanical heart valve, a trileaflet polymeric heart valve, and a St. Jude tissue valve},\r\n journal = {Artif Organs},\r\n volume = {29},\r\n issue = {10},\r\n pages = {826-831},\r\n url_Paper={/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Yin_2005_platelet_activation_3_valves.pdf},\r\n url_Link = {https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1594.2005.29109.x},\r\n abstract = {Polymer heart valves have been under investigation since the 1960s, but their success has been hampered by an overall lack of durability mainly due to calcification of the leaflets and a relatively high rate of thromboembolic complications. A new polymer (Quatromer) trileaflet design was tested for its thrombogenic potential and was compared to that of existing prosthetic heart valves routinely implanted in patients: a St. Jude Medical bileaflet mechanical heart valve (MHV) and a St. Jude porcine bioprosthetic tissue valve. The valves were mounted in a left ventricular assist device and the procoagulant activity of the platelets was measured using a platelet activation state (PAS) assay. The PAS measurements indicated that the platelet activation level induced by the polymeric valve was very similar to that induced by the St. Jude Medical MHV and the St. Jude tissue valve. No significant difference was observed between the three valves, indicating that they have a comparable thrombogenic potential},\r\n project = {polymer and phvexperiments},\r\n type = {1. Peer-Reviewed Journal Papers}\r\n}\r\n\r\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  Polymer heart valves have been under investigation since the 1960s, but their success has been hampered by an overall lack of durability mainly due to calcification of the leaflets and a relatively high rate of thromboembolic complications. A new polymer (Quatromer) trileaflet design was tested for its thrombogenic potential and was compared to that of existing prosthetic heart valves routinely implanted in patients: a St. Jude Medical bileaflet mechanical heart valve (MHV) and a St. Jude porcine bioprosthetic tissue valve. The valves were mounted in a left ventricular assist device and the procoagulant activity of the platelets was measured using a platelet activation state (PAS) assay. The PAS measurements indicated that the platelet activation level induced by the polymeric valve was very similar to that induced by the St. Jude Medical MHV and the St. Jude tissue valve. No significant difference was observed between the three valves, indicating that they have a comparable thrombogenic potential\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"bluestein-researchapproachesforstudyingflowinducedthromboemboliccomplicationsinbloodrecirculatingdevices-2004\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  <a class=\"bibbase author link\" href=\"https://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/tavr.html\">Bluestein, D.</a>\n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"http://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Bluestein_2004_research_approaches_thromboembolic_complications.pdf\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'bluestein-researchapproachesforstudyingflowinducedthromboemboliccomplicationsinbloodrecirculatingdevices-2004', 'http://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Bluestein_2004_research_approaches_thromboembolic_complications.pdf', event);\">\n    Research approaches for studying flow-induced thromboembolic complications in blood recirculating devices.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>Expert Rev Med Devices</i>, 1: 65-80.  2004.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Bluestein_2004_research_approaches_thromboembolic_complications.pdf\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('bluestein-researchapproachesforstudyingflowinducedthromboemboliccomplicationsinbloodrecirculatingdevices-2004', 'http://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Bluestein_2004_research_approaches_thromboembolic_complications.pdf', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/pdf.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"Research approaches for studying flow-induced thromboembolic complications in blood recirculating devices [pdf]\"\n       title=\" paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\"> paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1586/17434440.1.1.65\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('bluestein-researchapproachesforstudyingflowinducedthromboemboliccomplicationsinbloodrecirculatingdevices-2004', 'https://doi.org/10.1586/17434440.1.1.65', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"Research approaches for studying flow-induced thromboembolic complications in blood recirculating devices [link]\"\n       title=\" link\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\"> link</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/bluestein-researchapproachesforstudyingflowinducedthromboemboliccomplicationsinbloodrecirculatingdevices-2004\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <span class=\"bibbase_stats_paper\" style=\"color: #777;\">\n    <span>1 download</span>\n  </span>\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('bluestein-researchapproachesforstudyingflowinducedthromboemboliccomplicationsinbloodrecirculatingdevices-2004')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{z69,\r\n author = {Bluestein, D.},\r\n year = {2004},\r\n title = {Research approaches for studying flow-induced thromboembolic complications in blood recirculating devices},\r\n journal = {Expert Rev Med Devices},\r\n volume = {1},\r\n issue = {1},\r\n pages = {65-80},\r\n url_Paper={/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Bluestein_2004_research_approaches_thromboembolic_complications.pdf},\r\n url_Link = {https://doi.org/10.1586/17434440.1.1.65},\r\n abstract = {The advent of implantable blood recirculating devices has provided life-saving solutions to patients with severe cardiovascular diseases. Recently it has been reported that ventricular assist devices are superior to drug therapy. The implantable total artificial heart is showing promise as a potential solution to the chronic shortage of available heart transplants. Prosthetic heart valves are routinely used for replacing diseased heart valves. However, all of these devices share a common problem--significant complications such as hemolysis and thromboembolism often arise after their implantation. Elevated flow stresses that are present in the nonphysiologic geometries of blood recirculating devices, enhance their propensity to initiate thromboembolism by chronically activating the blood platelets. This, rather than hemolysis, appears to be the salient aspect of blood trauma in devices. Limitations in characterizing and controlling relevant aspects of the flow-induced mechanical stimuli and the platelet response, hampers our ability to achieve design optimization for these devices. The main objective of this article is to describe state-of-the-art numerical, experimental, and in vivo tools, that facilitate elucidation of flow-induced mechanisms leading to thromboembolism in prosthetic devices. Such techniques are giving rise to an accountable model for flow-induced thrombogenicity, and to a methodology that has the potential to transform current device design and testing practices. It might lead to substantial time and cost savings during the research and development phase, and has the potential to reduce the risks that patients implanted with these devices face, lower the ensuing healthcare costs, and offer viable long-term solutions for these patients.},\r\n project = {phvexperiments},\r\n type = {1. Peer-Reviewed Journal Papers}\r\n}\r\n\r\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  The advent of implantable blood recirculating devices has provided life-saving solutions to patients with severe cardiovascular diseases. Recently it has been reported that ventricular assist devices are superior to drug therapy. The implantable total artificial heart is showing promise as a potential solution to the chronic shortage of available heart transplants. Prosthetic heart valves are routinely used for replacing diseased heart valves. However, all of these devices share a common problem–significant complications such as hemolysis and thromboembolism often arise after their implantation. Elevated flow stresses that are present in the nonphysiologic geometries of blood recirculating devices, enhance their propensity to initiate thromboembolism by chronically activating the blood platelets. This, rather than hemolysis, appears to be the salient aspect of blood trauma in devices. Limitations in characterizing and controlling relevant aspects of the flow-induced mechanical stimuli and the platelet response, hampers our ability to achieve design optimization for these devices. The main objective of this article is to describe state-of-the-art numerical, experimental, and in vivo tools, that facilitate elucidation of flow-induced mechanisms leading to thromboembolism in prosthetic devices. Such techniques are giving rise to an accountable model for flow-induced thrombogenicity, and to a methodology that has the potential to transform current device design and testing practices. It might lead to substantial time and cost savings during the research and development phase, and has the potential to reduce the risks that patients implanted with these devices face, lower the ensuing healthcare costs, and offer viable long-term solutions for these patients.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"yin-alemu-affeld-jesty-bluestein-flowinducedplateletactivationinbileafletandmonoleafletmechanicalheartvalves-2004\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Yin, W.; Alemu, Y.; Affeld, K.; Jesty, J.;  and <a class=\"bibbase author link\" href=\"https://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/tavr.html\">Bluestein, D.</a>\n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"http://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Yin_2004_activation_bileaflet_monoleaflet_MHVs.pdf\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'yin-alemu-affeld-jesty-bluestein-flowinducedplateletactivationinbileafletandmonoleafletmechanicalheartvalves-2004', 'http://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Yin_2004_activation_bileaflet_monoleaflet_MHVs.pdf', event);\">\n    Flow-induced platelet activation in bileaflet and monoleaflet mechanical heart valves.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>Ann Biomed Eng</i>, 32: 1058-1066.  2004.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Yin_2004_activation_bileaflet_monoleaflet_MHVs.pdf\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('yin-alemu-affeld-jesty-bluestein-flowinducedplateletactivationinbileafletandmonoleafletmechanicalheartvalves-2004', 'http://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Yin_2004_activation_bileaflet_monoleaflet_MHVs.pdf', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/pdf.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"Flow-induced platelet activation in bileaflet and monoleaflet mechanical heart valves [pdf]\"\n       title=\" paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\"> paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1114/B:ABME.0000036642.21895.3f\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('yin-alemu-affeld-jesty-bluestein-flowinducedplateletactivationinbileafletandmonoleafletmechanicalheartvalves-2004', 'https://doi.org/10.1114/B:ABME.0000036642.21895.3f', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"Flow-induced platelet activation in bileaflet and monoleaflet mechanical heart valves [link]\"\n       title=\" link\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\"> link</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/yin-alemu-affeld-jesty-bluestein-flowinducedplateletactivationinbileafletandmonoleafletmechanicalheartvalves-2004\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('yin-alemu-affeld-jesty-bluestein-flowinducedplateletactivationinbileafletandmonoleafletmechanicalheartvalves-2004')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{z70,\r\n author = {Yin, W. and Alemu, Y. and Affeld, K. and Jesty, J. and Bluestein, D.},\r\n year = {2004},\r\n title = {Flow-induced platelet activation in bileaflet and monoleaflet mechanical heart valves},\r\n journal = {Ann Biomed Eng},\r\n volume = {32},\r\n issue = {8},\r\n pages = {1058-1066},\r\n url_Paper={/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Yin_2004_activation_bileaflet_monoleaflet_MHVs.pdf},\r\n url_Link = {https://doi.org/10.1114/B:ABME.0000036642.21895.3f},\r\n abstract = {A study was conducted to measure in vitro the procoagulant properties of platelets induced by flow through Carbomedics bileaflet and Bjork-Shiley monoleaflet mechanical heart valves (MHVs). Valves were mounted in a left ventricular assist device, and platelets were circulated through them under pulsatile flow. Platelet activation states (PAS) were measured during circulation using a modified prothrombinase method. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of turbulent, transient, and non-Newtonian blood flow patterns generated by the two valve designs were done using the Wilcox k - w turbulence model, and platelet shear-stress histories (the integral of shear-stress exposure with respect to time) through the two MHVs were calculated. PAS measurements indicated that the bileaflet MHV activated platelets at a rate more than twice that observed with the monoleaflet MHV. Turbulent flow patterns were evident in CFD simulations for both valves, and corroborated the PAS observations, showing that, for particles close to the leaflet(s), shear-stress exposure in the bileaflet MHV can be more than four times that in the monoleaflet valve.},\r\n project = {phvexperiments and mhvsimulation},\r\n type = {1. Peer-Reviewed Journal Papers}\r\n}\r\n\r\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  A study was conducted to measure in vitro the procoagulant properties of platelets induced by flow through Carbomedics bileaflet and Bjork-Shiley monoleaflet mechanical heart valves (MHVs). Valves were mounted in a left ventricular assist device, and platelets were circulated through them under pulsatile flow. Platelet activation states (PAS) were measured during circulation using a modified prothrombinase method. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of turbulent, transient, and non-Newtonian blood flow patterns generated by the two valve designs were done using the Wilcox k - w turbulence model, and platelet shear-stress histories (the integral of shear-stress exposure with respect to time) through the two MHVs were calculated. PAS measurements indicated that the bileaflet MHV activated platelets at a rate more than twice that observed with the monoleaflet MHV. Turbulent flow patterns were evident in CFD simulations for both valves, and corroborated the PAS observations, showing that, for particles close to the leaflet(s), shear-stress exposure in the bileaflet MHV can be more than four times that in the monoleaflet valve.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"bluestein-yin-affeld-jesty-flowinducedplateletactivationinmechanicalheartvalves-2004\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  <a class=\"bibbase author link\" href=\"https://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/tavr.html\">Bluestein, D.</a>; Yin, W.; Affeld, K.;  and Jesty, J.\n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"http://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Bluestein_2004_platelet_activation_MHVs.pdf\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'bluestein-yin-affeld-jesty-flowinducedplateletactivationinmechanicalheartvalves-2004', 'http://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Bluestein_2004_platelet_activation_MHVs.pdf', event);\">\n    Flow-induced platelet activation in mechanical heart valves.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>J Heart Valve Dis</i>, 13: 501-508.  2004.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Bluestein_2004_platelet_activation_MHVs.pdf\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('bluestein-yin-affeld-jesty-flowinducedplateletactivationinmechanicalheartvalves-2004', 'http://www.bme.stonybrook.edu/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Bluestein_2004_platelet_activation_MHVs.pdf', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/pdf.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"Flow-induced platelet activation in mechanical heart valves [pdf]\"\n       title=\" paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\"> paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  <a href=\"https://www.icr-heart.com/?cid=1326\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('bluestein-yin-affeld-jesty-flowinducedplateletactivationinmechanicalheartvalves-2004', 'https://www.icr-heart.com/?cid=1326', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"Flow-induced platelet activation in mechanical heart valves [link]\"\n       title=\" link\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\"> link</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/bluestein-yin-affeld-jesty-flowinducedplateletactivationinmechanicalheartvalves-2004\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('bluestein-yin-affeld-jesty-flowinducedplateletactivationinmechanicalheartvalves-2004')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{z72,\r\n author = {Bluestein, D. and Yin, W. and Affeld, K. and Jesty, J.},\r\n year = {2004},\r\n title = {Flow-induced platelet activation in mechanical heart valves},\r\n journal = {J Heart Valve Dis},\r\n volume = {13},\r\n issue = {3},\r\n pages = {501-508},\r\n url_Paper={/labs/dbluestein/PDF/Bluestein_2004_platelet_activation_MHVs.pdf},\r\n url_Link = {https://www.icr-heart.com/?cid=1326},\r\n abstract = {BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE STUDY: A study was conducted to measure in vitro the procoagulant properties of platelets induced by flow through mechanical heart valves. METHODS: The procoagulant activity of platelets was measured using a real-time assay of platelet activation state (PAS), which was based on a modification of the prothrombinase method. Acetylated prothrombin was used instead of normal prothrombin in this assay in order to eliminate the positive feedback effect of thrombin. This enabled a direct comparison between thrombin generation rates in the assay and the flow stresses that induce platelet activation. Gel-filtered platelets (10(5) per microliters) were circulated through a left ventricular assist device with two Bjork-Shiley mono-leaflet mechanical heart valves mounted in opposition, and platelet activation state was measured over 30-min time courses. The results were compared with two configurations in which the leaflet motion of one of the valves was restricted (severely restricted and mildly restricted), mimicking defective function of a compromised valve in vivo, and with a control lacking valves. RESULTS: The severely restricted valve activated the platelets at a rate eight-fold higher than with unrestricted valves, and three-fold higher than with mildly restricted valves. Both restricted valves activated platelets at rates significantly higher than either the control (no valves) or the unrestricted valve. CONCLUSION: Flow through compromised mechanical heart valves causes platelet activation, which can be measured with a modified prothrombinase assay system. The ability to perform sensitive quantitative measurements in cardiovascular devices in vitro may have a significant impact on the design and development of these devices.},\r\n project = {phvexperiments},\r\n type = {1. Peer-Reviewed Journal Papers}\r\n}\r\n\r\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE STUDY: A study was conducted to measure in vitro the procoagulant properties of platelets induced by flow through mechanical heart valves. METHODS: The procoagulant activity of platelets was measured using a real-time assay of platelet activation state (PAS), which was based on a modification of the prothrombinase method. Acetylated prothrombin was used instead of normal prothrombin in this assay in order to eliminate the positive feedback effect of thrombin. This enabled a direct comparison between thrombin generation rates in the assay and the flow stresses that induce platelet activation. Gel-filtered platelets (10(5) per microliters) were circulated through a left ventricular assist device with two Bjork-Shiley mono-leaflet mechanical heart valves mounted in opposition, and platelet activation state was measured over 30-min time courses. The results were compared with two configurations in which the leaflet motion of one of the valves was restricted (severely restricted and mildly restricted), mimicking defective function of a compromised valve in vivo, and with a control lacking valves. RESULTS: The severely restricted valve activated the platelets at a rate eight-fold higher than with unrestricted valves, and three-fold higher than with mildly restricted valves. Both restricted valves activated platelets at rates significantly higher than either the control (no valves) or the unrestricted valve. CONCLUSION: Flow through compromised mechanical heart valves causes platelet activation, which can be measured with a modified prothrombinase assay system. The ability to perform sensitive quantitative measurements in cardiovascular devices in vitro may have a significant impact on the design and development of these devices.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n\n\n\n  </div>\n\n\n  <!-- Modal -->\n\n  <!-- <iframe id=\"bibbase_network_frame\" -->\n  <!--         src=\"//bibbase.org/network/control\" -->\n  <!--         style=\"display: none;\"> -->\n  <!-- </iframe> -->\n\n</div>\n"}; document.write(bibbase_data.data);