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@article{romein2024, title = {Exploring {Data} {Provenance} in {Handwritten} {Text} {Recognition} {Infrastructure}: {Sharing} and {Reusing} {Ground} {Truth} {Data}, {Referencing} {Models}, and {Acknowledging} {Contributions}. {Starting} the {Conversation} on {How} {We} {Could} {Get} {It} {Done}}, issn = {2416-5999}, shorttitle = {探索手写文本识别基础设施中的数据出处:共享和重用地面实况数据、参考模型和鸣谢贡献。就如何完成任务展开讨论}, url = {https://doi.org/10.46298/jdmdh.10403}, doi = {10.46298/jdmdh.10403}, abstract = {This paper discusses best practices for sharing and reusing Ground Truth in Handwritten Text Recognition infrastructures, as well as ways to reference and acknowledge contributions to the creation and enrichment of data within these systems. We discuss how one can place Ground Truth data in a repository and, subsequently, inform others through HTR-United. Furthermore, we want to we want to suggest appropriate citation methods for HTR data, models, and contributions made by volunteers. Moreover, when using digitised sources (digital facsimiles), it becomes increasingly important to distinguish between the physical object and the digital collection. These topics all relate to the proper acknowledgement of labour put into digitising, transcribing, and sharing Ground Truth HTR data. This also points to broader issues surrounding the use of machine learning in archival and library contexts, and how the community should begin to acknowledge and record both contributions and data provenance. 【摘要翻译】本文讨论了在手写文本识别基础架构中共享和重复使用地面实况的最佳实践,以及在这些系统中参考和确认对创建和丰富数据所做贡献的方法。我们将讨论如何将地面实况数据放入存储库,并随后通过 HTR-United 向他人提供信息。此外,我们希望为 HTR 数据、模型和志愿者的贡献提出适当的引用方法。此外,在使用数字化资料(数字传真)时,区分实物和数字藏品变得越来越重要。这些主题都涉及到对地面实况 HTR 数据的数字化、转录和共享所付出劳动的适当认可。这也指向了围绕在档案和图书馆环境中使用机器学习的更广泛问题,以及社区应如何开始承认和记录贡献和数据来源。}, language = {en}, urldate = {2023-03-15}, journal = {Journal of Data Mining \& Digital Humanities}, author = {Romein, C. Annemieke and Hodel, Tobias and Gordijn, Femke and Zundert, Joris J. van and Chagué, Alix and Lange, Milan van and Jensen, Helle Strandgaard and Stauder, Andy and Purcell, Jake and Terras, Melissa M. and Heuvel, Pauline van den and Keijzer, Carlijn and Rabus, Achim and Sitaram, Chantal and Bhatia, Aakriti and Depuydt, Katrien and Afolabi-Adeolu, Mary Aderonke and Anikina, Anastasiia and Bastianello, Elisa and Benzinger, Lukas Vincent and Bosse, Arno and Brown, David and Charlton, Ash and Dannevig, André Nilsson and Gelder, Klaas van and Go, Sabine C.P.J. and Goh, Marcus J.C. and Gstrein, Silvia and Hasan, Sewa and Heide, Stefan von der and Hindermann, Maximilian and Huff, Dorothee and Huysman, Ineke and Idris, Ali and Keijzer, Liesbeth and Kemper, Simon and Koenders, Sanne and Kuijpers, Erika and Rønsig Larsen, Lisette and Lepa, Sven and Link, Tommy O. and Nispen, Annelies van and Nockels, Joe and Noort, Laura M. van and Oosterhuis, Joost Johannes and Popken, Vivien and Estrella Puertollano, María and Puusaag, Joosep J. and Sheta, Ahmed and Stoop, Lex and Strutzenbladh, Ebba and Sijs, Nicoline van der and Spek, Jan Paul van der and Trouw, Barry Benaissa and Van Synghel, Geertrui and Vučković, Vladimir and Wilbrink, Heleen and Weiss, Sonia and Wrisley, David Joseph and Zweistra, Riet}, year = {2024}, note = {🏷️ /unread、Handwritten Text Recognition、Transkribus、Data Provenance、eScriptorium、Ground Truth}, keywords = {/unread, Data Provenance, Ground Truth, Handwritten Text Recognition, Transkribus, eScriptorium}, }
@book{smolarski2023, address = {Göttingen}, edition = {1}, title = {Citizen {Science} in den {Geschichtswissenschaften}: {Methodische} {Perspektive} oder perspektivlose {Methode}?}, isbn = {978-3-8471-1571-7 978-3-7370-1571-4}, shorttitle = {社会科学中的公民科学:方法论视角还是视角方法?}, url = {https://www.vr-elibrary.de/doi/book/10.14220/9783737015714}, language = {en}, urldate = {2023-06-16}, publisher = {V\&R unipress}, editor = {Smolarski, René and Carius, Hendrikje and Prell, Martin}, month = may, year = {2023}, note = {🏷️ /unread}, keywords = {/unread}, }
@incollection{hodel2023c, address = {Göttingen}, edition = {1}, title = {Vom {Crowdsourcing} zu {Co}-{Design}}, isbn = {978-3-8471-1571-7 978-3-7370-1571-4}, shorttitle = {Vom {Crowdsourcing} zu {Co}-{Design}}, url = {https://www.vr-elibrary.de/doi/10.14220/9783737015714.41}, language = {en}, urldate = {2024-04-22}, booktitle = {Citizen {Science} in den {Geschichtswissenschaften}}, publisher = {V\&R unipress}, author = {Hodel, Tobias and Schneider, Christa}, editor = {Smolarski, René and Carius, Hendrikje and Prell, Martin}, month = may, year = {2023}, note = {🏷️ /unread}, keywords = {/unread}, pages = {41--68}, }
@book{carius2020, address = {Göttingen}, edition = {1}, title = {Kooperationen in den digitalen {Geisteswissenschaften} gestalten: {Herausforderungen}, {Erfahrungen} und {Perspektiven}}, isbn = {978-3-8471-1177-1}, shorttitle = {在数字地质科学领域开展合作:目标、经验和视角}, abstract = {Wie funktionieren Kooperationen in einem per se interdisziplinären Umfeld mit verschiedenen Herangehens- und Arbeitsweisen, Fragestellungen, Erwartungen und Zielvorgaben und welche Erfahrungen wurden damit im jeweiligen Projekt gesammelt? Der erste Band des Netzwerks für digitale Geisteswissenschaften und Citizen Science fragt nach der praktischen Ausgestaltung kooperativer Forschungsprozesse im Zusammenspiel von Geisteswissenschaft, Digital Humanities, Informatik und weiteren Akteuren. Ausgehend von einer konkreten Projekt- und/oder institutionellen Perspektive richtet sich der Blick auf den Aspekt der Kooperation als inhaltliche, organisatorische und forschungspraktische Klammer der beteiligten Wissenschaftskulturen. Ein besonderer Fokus liegt auf den Erfolgsfaktoren für eine Projektarbeit, in der es gelingt, sich auf die unterschiedlichen (fach-)spezifischen und methodischen Ansätze, Arbeits- und Denkweisen des Kooperationspartners einzulassen und in andere Sichtweisen auf das gleiche Projekt einzudenken.How do co-operations function in a per se interdisciplinary environment with different methods, approaches, questions, expectations and goals? What kind of experiences have been made in the respective projects? The first volume of the network for Digital Sciences and Citizen Science focuses on the practical design of co-operative research processes in connection with Human Sciences, Digital Humanities, Information Technology and other research fields. On the basis of an existing project and / or institutional perspective it concentrates on the aspect of co-operations as topical, organisational and research-practical frame of the parties involved. The volume also focuses on the success factors of a project, in which it is possible to adapt to various specific and methodical approaches of cooperation partners and to understand different perspectives within one project. 【摘要翻译】在一个跨学科的环境中,合作如何在不同的研究领域、工作领域、任务领域和目标领域中发挥作用?数字地理科学和公民科学网络的第一辑介绍了在地理科学、数字人文、信息学和其他学科领域的合作研究项目的实际应用情况。从项目和(或)机构的角度,我们将目光投向作为吸纳、组织和促进合作者的合作领域。Ein besonderer Fokus liegt auf den Erfolgsfaktoren für eine Projektarbeit, in der es gelingt, sich auf die unterschiedlichen (fach-)spezifischen und methodischen Ansätze, Arbeits- und Denkweisen des Kooperationspartners einzulassen und in andere Sichtweisen auf das gleiche Projekt einzudenken.在各自的项目中取得了哪些经验?数字科学与公民科学网络第一卷的重点是与人文科学、数字人文、信息技术和其他研究领域相关的合作研究过程的实际设计。在现有项目和/或机构视角的基础上,该卷集中探讨了作为相关各方的专题、组织和研究实践框架的合作方面。本卷还关注项目的成功因素,其中可以适应合作伙伴的各种具体方法,并了解一个项目中的不同视角。}, language = {en}, publisher = {V\&R unipress}, editor = {Carius, Hendrikje and Prell, Martin and Smolarski, René}, month = jun, year = {2020}, note = {🏷️ /unread}, keywords = {/unread}, }
@article{jofre2020, title = {Crowdsourcing {Image} {Extraction} and {Annotation}: {Software} {Development} and {Case} {Study}}, volume = {014}, issn = {1938-4122}, shorttitle = {众包图像提取和注释:软件开发与案例研究}, language = {en}, number = {2}, journal = {Digital Humanities Quarterly}, author = {Jofre, Ana and Berardi, Vincent and Brennan, Kathleen P. J. and Cornejo, Aisha and Bennett, Carl and Harlan, John}, month = jun, year = {2020}, note = {🏷️ /unread}, keywords = {/unread}, }
@article{hajibayova2020, title = {({Un})theorizing citizen science: {Investigation} of theories applied to citizen science studies}, volume = {71}, shorttitle = {(公民科学的(非)理论化:应用于公民科学研究的理论调查}, url = {https://ideas.repec.org/a/bla/jinfst/v71y2020i8p916-926.html}, doi = {10.1002/asi.24308}, abstract = {This article provides an analysis of theories and methodologies that have been applied in citizen science research. This study suggests a significant contribution of citizen science to various disciplines as well as overall science education, literacy, and development. A solid theoretical grounding of citizen science research, coupled with application of pertinent emergent theories to various processes associated with scientific inquiry and discovery, suggests the disciplinary traits and unique contributions. This study proposes that the current pace of citizen science research, empowered by ordinary citizens as well as technological affordances, provides solid evidence to warrant further development of citizen science as a unique discipline that can strengthen and democratize scientific inquiry. 【摘要翻译】本文对公民科学研究中应用的理论和方法进行了分析。这项研究表明,公民科学对各学科以及整个科学教育、扫盲和发展做出了重大贡献。公民科学研究的坚实理论基础,加上将相关新兴理论应用于与科学探究和发现相关的各种过程,表明了公民科学的学科特征和独特贡献。本研究认为,当前公民科学研究的步伐,在普通公民和技术能力的推动下,为公民科学作为一门独特学科的进一步发展提供了确凿的证据,这门学科可以加强科学探究并使之民主化。}, language = {en}, number = {8}, urldate = {2021-02-23}, journal = {Journal of the Association for Information Science \& Technology}, author = {Hajibayova, Lala}, year = {2020}, note = {🏷️ /unread}, keywords = {/unread}, pages = {916--926}, }
@misc{riley2020, type = {Blog}, title = {Transcription {Update} – 10 {December} 2020 {\textbar} {UCL} {Transcribe} {Bentham}}, shorttitle = {转录更新 - 2020 年 12 月 10 日 {\textbar} {UCL} 转录 {Bentham}}, url = {https://blogs.ucl.ac.uk/transcribe-bentham/2020/12/10/transcription-update-10-december-2020/}, language = {en}, urldate = {2021-01-11}, journal = {Transcribe Bentham}, author = {Riley, Chris}, month = oct, year = {2020}, note = {🏷️ /unread}, keywords = {/unread}, }
@book{strasser2019a, address = {Chicago}, edition = {1}, title = {Collecting {Experiments}: {Making} {Big} {Data} {Biology}}, isbn = {978-0-226-63504-0}, shorttitle = {收集实验:让大数据成为生物学}, abstract = {Databases have revolutionized nearly every aspect of our lives. Information of all sorts is being collected on a massive scale, from Google to Facebook and well beyond. But as the amount of information in databases explodes, we are forced to reassess our ideas about what knowledge is, how it is produced, to whom it belongs, and who can be credited for producing it. Every scientist working today draws on databases to produce scientific knowledge. Databases have become more common than microscopes, voltmeters, and test tubes, and the increasing amount of data has led to major changes in research practices and profound reflections on the proper professional roles of data producers, collectors, curators, and analysts. Collecting Experiments traces the development and use of data collections, especially in the experimental life sciences, from the early twentieth century to the present. It shows that the current revolution is best understood as the coming together of two older ways of knowing—collecting and experimenting, the museum and the laboratory. Ultimately, Bruno J. Strasser argues that by serving as knowledge repositories, as well as indispensable tools for producing new knowledge, these databases function as digital museums for the twenty-first century. 【摘要翻译】数据库几乎彻底改变了我们生活的方方面面。从 Google 到 Facebook,甚至更远的地方,各种信息都在被大规模收集。但是,随着数据库中信息量的爆炸式增长,我们不得不重新评估我们的观念,即什么是知识,知识是如何产生的,知识属于谁,以及谁可以为知识的产生做出贡献。 今天,每一位科学家都在利用数据库创造科学知识。数据库已变得比显微镜、电压表和试管更为常见,而数据量的不断增加已导致研究实践发生重大变化,并对数据生产者、收集者、策划者和分析者的适当专业角色进行了深刻反思。 收集实验》追溯了从二十世纪初至今数据收集的发展和使用,尤其是在实验生命科学领域。它表明,当前的革命最好理解为两种古老的认识方式--收集和实验,博物馆和实验室--的结合。最后,布鲁诺-J-斯特拉瑟认为,这些数据库既是知识宝库,也是创造新知识不可或缺的工具,因此具有 21 世纪数字博物馆的功能。}, language = {en}, publisher = {University of Chicago Press}, author = {Strasser, Bruno J.}, month = jun, year = {2019}, note = {🏷️ /unread}, keywords = {/unread}, }
@article{strasser2019, title = {“{Citizen} {Science}”? {Rethinking} {Science} and {Public} {Participation}}, volume = {32}, copyright = {Copyright (c) 2018 Bruno J. Strasser}, issn = {2243-4690}, shorttitle = {"公民科学"?重新思考科学与公众参与}, url = {https://sciencetechnologystudies.journal.fi/article/view/60425}, doi = {10.23987/sts.60425}, abstract = {Since the late twentieth century, “citizen science” has become an increasingly fashionable label for a growing number of participatory research activities. This paper situates the origins and rise of the term “citizen science” and contextualises “citizen science” within the broader history of public participation in science. It analyses critically the current promises — democratisation, education, discoveries — emerging within the “citizen science” discourse and offers a new framework to better understand the diversity of epistemic practices involved in these participatory projects. Finally, it maps a number of historical, political, and social questions for future research in the critical studies of “citizen science”. 【摘要翻译】自二十世纪末以来,"公民科学 "已成为越来越多参与性研究活动的时髦标签。本文介绍了 "公民科学 "一词的起源和兴起,并将 "公民科学 "置于公众参与科学的更广泛历史背景中。它批判性地分析了当前 "公民科学 "话语中出现的承诺--民主化、教育、发现--并提供了一个新的框架,以更好地理解这些参与性项目所涉及的认识论实践的多样性。最后,它为 "公民科学 "批判性研究的未来研究提出了一些历史、政治和社会问题。}, language = {en}, number = {2}, urldate = {2021-09-06}, journal = {Science \& Technology Studies}, author = {Strasser, Bruno J. and Baudry, Jérôme and Mahr, Dana and Sanchez, Gabriela and Tancoigne, Elise}, month = may, year = {2019}, note = {🏷️ /unread}, keywords = {/unread}, pages = {52--76}, }
@incollection{bemme2019, title = {Offene {Daten} und die {Zukunft} der {Bürgerforschung} in {Wissenschaftlichen} {Bibliotheken}}, shorttitle = {科学图书馆中的非公开数据与 {Bürgerforschung} 的未来}, url = {https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/QHRC4}, abstract = {Wir zeigen methodische Ansätze, Werkzeuge, Communities und Projektbeispiele für Open Citizen Science im Kontext der SLUB Dresden, die als Landes- und Universitätsbibliothek mehrere Perspektiven und Nutzergruppen der Bürgerforschung adressiert. Hosted on the Open Science Framework 【摘要翻译】我们将在德累斯顿 SLUB 的框架内介绍开放式公民科学的方法论、工具、社区和项目。 托管于开放科学框架}, language = {en}, urldate = {2021-01-11}, booktitle = {Forum {Citizen} {Science} 2019}, publisher = {OSF}, author = {Bemme, Jens and Munke, Martin}, editor = {Bartoschek, Thomas and Nüst, Daniel and Pesch, Mario}, year = {2019}, note = {🏷️ /unread}, keywords = {/unread}, pages = {27--39}, }
@incollection{roopika2019, title = {The stakes of digital labor in the twenty-first century academy. {The} revolution will not be {Turkified}}, isbn = {978-0-429-53479-9}, shorttitle = {21 世纪学术界数字劳动的利害关系。革命不会被土耳其化}, abstract = {Humans at Work in the Digital Age explores the roots of twenty-first-century cultures of digital textual labor, mapping the diverse physical and cognitive acts involved, and recovering the invisible workers and work that support digital technologies. Drawing on 14 case studies organized around four sites of work, this book shows how definitions of labor have been influenced by the digital technologies that employees use to produce, interpret, or process text. Incorporating methodology and theory from a range of disciplines and highlighting labor issues related to topics as diverse as census tabulation, market research, electronic games, digital archives, and 3D modeling, contributors uncover the roles played by race, class, gender, sexuality, and national politics in determining how narratives of digital labor are constructed and erased. Because each chapter is centered on the human cost of digital technologies, however, it is individual people immersed in cultures of technology who are the focus of the volume, rather than the technologies themselves. Humans at Work in the Digital Age shows how humanistic inquiry can be a valuable tool in the emerging conversation surrounding digital textual labor. As such, this book will be essential reading for academics and postgraduate students engaged in the study of digital humanities; human-computer interaction; digital culture and social justice; race, class, gender, and sexuality in digital realms; the economics of the internet; and technology in higher education. 【摘要翻译】数字时代的工作人类》探索了二十一世纪数字文本劳动文化的根源,描绘了其中涉及的各种物理和认知行为,并复原了支持数字技术的隐形工人和工作。本书通过围绕四个工作场所组织的 14 个案例研究,展示了劳动的定义是如何受到员工用于生产、解释或处理文本的数字技术的影响的。撰稿人结合各学科的方法论和理论,重点介绍了与人口普查制表、市场研究、电子游戏、数字档案和三维建模等不同主题相关的劳动问题,揭示了种族、阶级、性别、性和国家政治在决定如何构建和消除数字劳动叙事中所扮演的角色。然而,由于每一章都以数字技术的人力成本为中心,因此本卷的重点是沉浸在技术文化中的个人,而不是技术本身。数字时代工作中的人类》展示了在围绕数字文本劳动的新兴对话中,人文探究如何成为一种有价值的工具。因此,本书将成为从事以下研究的学者和研究生的必读书:数字人文学科;人机交互;数字文化与社会正义;数字领域中的种族、阶级、性别和性行为;互联网经济学;以及高等教育中的技术。}, language = {en}, booktitle = {Humans at {Work} in the {Digital} {Age}: {Forms} of {Digital} {Textual} {Labor}}, publisher = {Routledge}, author = {Roopika, Risam}, editor = {Ross, Shawna and Pilsch, Andrew}, month = dec, year = {2019}, note = {🏷️ /unread、Language Arts \& Disciplines / Library \& Information Science / General}, keywords = {/unread, Language Arts \& Disciplines / Library \& Information Science / General}, pages = {239--247}, }
@book{ross2019, title = {Humans at {Work} in the {Digital} {Age}: {Forms} of {Digital} {Textual} {Labor}}, isbn = {978-0-429-53479-9}, shorttitle = {数字时代的人类工作:数字文本劳动的形式}, abstract = {Humans at Work in the Digital Age explores the roots of twenty-first-century cultures of digital textual labor, mapping the diverse physical and cognitive acts involved, and recovering the invisible workers and work that support digital technologies. Drawing on 14 case studies organized around four sites of work, this book shows how definitions of labor have been influenced by the digital technologies that employees use to produce, interpret, or process text. Incorporating methodology and theory from a range of disciplines and highlighting labor issues related to topics as diverse as census tabulation, market research, electronic games, digital archives, and 3D modeling, contributors uncover the roles played by race, class, gender, sexuality, and national politics in determining how narratives of digital labor are constructed and erased. Because each chapter is centered on the human cost of digital technologies, however, it is individual people immersed in cultures of technology who are the focus of the volume, rather than the technologies themselves. Humans at Work in the Digital Age shows how humanistic inquiry can be a valuable tool in the emerging conversation surrounding digital textual labor. As such, this book will be essential reading for academics and postgraduate students engaged in the study of digital humanities; human-computer interaction; digital culture and social justice; race, class, gender, and sexuality in digital realms; the economics of the internet; and technology in higher education. 【摘要翻译】数字时代的工作人类》探讨了二十一世纪数字文本劳动文化的根源,描绘了所涉及的各种物理和认知行为,并复原了支持数字技术的隐形工人和工作。本书通过围绕四个工作场所组织的 14 个案例研究,展示了劳动的定义是如何受到员工用于生产、解释或处理文本的数字技术的影响的。撰稿人结合各学科的方法论和理论,重点介绍了与人口普查制表、市场研究、电子游戏、数字档案和三维建模等不同主题相关的劳动问题,揭示了种族、阶级、性别、性和国家政治在决定如何构建和消除数字劳动叙事中所扮演的角色。然而,由于每一章都以数字技术的人力成本为中心,因此本卷的重点是沉浸在技术文化中的个人,而不是技术本身。数字时代工作中的人类》展示了在围绕数字文本劳动的新兴对话中,人文探究如何成为一种有价值的工具。因此,本书将成为从事以下研究的学者和研究生的必读书:数字人文学科;人机交互;数字文化与社会正义;数字领域中的种族、阶级、性别和性行为;互联网经济学;以及高等教育中的技术。}, language = {en}, publisher = {Routledge}, editor = {Ross, Shawna and Pilsch, Andrew}, month = dec, year = {2019}, note = {🏷️ /unread、Language Arts \& Disciplines / Library \& Information Science / General}, keywords = {/unread, Language Arts \& Disciplines / Library \& Information Science / General}, }
@misc{samuel2018, title = {Amazon's {Mechanical} {Turk} has {Reinvented} {Research}}, shorttitle = {亚马逊的 {Mechanical} {Turk} 重塑了研究工作}, url = {https://daily.jstor.org/amazons-mechanical-turk-has-reinvented-research/}, abstract = {Online services like Amazon's "Mechanical Turk" have ushered in a golden age in survey research. But is it ethical for researchers to use them? 【摘要翻译】亚马逊的 "Mechanical Turk "等在线服务开创了调查研究的黄金时代。但研究人员使用这些服务是否合乎道德?}, language = {en}, urldate = {2021-09-06}, journal = {JSTOR Daily}, author = {Samuel, Alexandra}, month = may, year = {2018}, note = {🏷️ /unread}, keywords = {/unread}, }
@misc{graf2018, title = {Die {Swissair} reiste nach {Stockholm}-{Bromma}}, shorttitle = {瑞士航空飞往斯德哥尔摩-布鲁马}, url = {https://blogs.ethz.ch/crowdsourcing/en/2018/10/19/die-swissair-reiste-nach-stockholm-bromma/}, abstract = {Anfang Oktober lancierten wir den Aufruf zu einer unbekannten Reise der Swissair nach Schweden (siehe Blogpost hier).Von der Reportage mit insgesamt 128 Bildern konnten bereits 35 näher beschriftet werden. Es fehlen noch 53 Detailbeschriftungen, abgelegt in der Kategorie "Wissen Sie mehr?" Swissair/Schweden. 【摘要翻译】今年十月初,我们开始了瑞士航空飞往瑞典的旅程(请参阅此处的博文)。在 "了解更多信息?"类别中,有 53 篇详细报道。瑞士航空/瑞典。}, language = {en}, urldate = {2021-01-11}, journal = {ETH-Bibliothek {\textbar} Crowdsourcing}, author = {Graf, Nicole}, year = {2018}, note = {🏷️ /unread}, keywords = {/unread}, }
@incollection{pullin2016, address = {Minneapolis, Minnesota ;}, series = {Electronic mediations}, title = {Participatory {Design} and the {Open} {Source} {Voice}}, isbn = {978-1-4529-5205-5}, shorttitle = {参与式设计与开源之声}, language = {en}, number = {51}, booktitle = {The {Participatory} {Condition} in the {Digital} {Age}}, publisher = {University of Minnesota Press}, author = {Pullin, Graham}, editor = {Sterne, Jonathan and Barney, Darin and Coleman, Gabriella and Ross, Christine and Tembeck, Tamara}, year = {2016}, note = {🏷️ /unread、Internet、Social aspects、Social participation、Electronic books.、Participation、Political participation}, keywords = {/unread, Electronic books., Internet, Participation, Political participation, Social aspects, Social participation}, pages = {101--122}, }
@book{sterne2016, address = {Minneapolis, Minnesota ;}, series = {Electronic mediations}, title = {The {Participatory} {Condition} in the {Digital} {Age}}, isbn = {978-1-4529-5205-5}, shorttitle = {数字时代的参与条件}, language = {en}, number = {51}, publisher = {University of Minnesota Press}, editor = {Sterne, Jonathan and Barney, Darin and Coleman, Gabriella and Ross, Christine and Tembeck, Tamara}, year = {2016}, note = {🏷️ /unread、Internet、Social aspects、Social participation、Electronic books.、Participation、Political participation}, keywords = {/unread, Electronic books., Internet, Participation, Political participation, Social aspects, Social participation}, }
@article{seidmann2016, title = {Are games a viable solution to crowdsourcing improvements to faulty {OCR}? – {The} {Purposeful} {Gaming} and {BHL} experience}, issn = {1940-5758}, shorttitle = {游戏是众包改进错误 {OCR} 的可行解决方案吗?- 有目的的游戏和 {BHL} 体验}, url = {http://journal.code4lib.org/articles/11781}, abstract = {The Missouri Botanical Garden and partners from Dartmouth, Harvard, the New York Botanical Garden, and Cornell recently wrapped up a project funded by IMLS called Purposeful Gaming and BHL: engaging the public in improving and enhancing access to digital texts (http://biodivlib.wikispaces.com/Purposeful+Gaming). The goals of the project were to significantly improve access to digital texts through the applicability of purposeful gaming for the completion of data enhancement tasks needed for content found within the Biodiversity Heritage Library (BHL). This article will share our approach in terms of game design choices and the use of algorithms for verifying the quality of inputs from players as well as challenges related to transcriptions and marketing. We will conclude by giving an answer to the question of whether games are a successful tool for analyzing and improving digital outputs from OCR and whether we recommend their uptake by libraries and other cultural heritage institutions. 【摘要翻译】密苏里植物园与来自达特茅斯大学、哈佛大学、纽约植物园和康奈尔大学的合作伙伴最近完成了一个由国际图书馆、档案馆和信息管理系统(IMLS)资助的项目,名为 "有目的的游戏和 BHL:让公众参与改善和提高数字文本的访问"(http://biodivlib.wikispaces.com/Purposeful+Gaming)。该项目的目标是通过有目的的游戏来完成生物多样性遗产图书馆(BHL)内容所需的数据增强任务,从而大大提高对数字文本的访问。本文将分享我们在游戏设计选择和使用算法验证玩家输入质量方面的方法,以及与转录和营销相关的挑战。最后,我们将回答游戏是否是分析和改进 OCR 数字输出的成功工具,以及我们是否建议图书馆和其他文化遗产机构采用游戏的问题。}, language = {en}, number = {33}, journal = {The Code4Lib Journal}, author = {Seidmann, Max J. and Flanagan, Mary and Rose-Sandler, Trish and Lichtenberg, Mike}, month = jul, year = {2016}, note = {🏷️ /unread、Crowdsourcing、Gamification}, keywords = {/unread, Crowdsourcing, Gamification}, }
@article{randall2015, title = {Purposeful {Gaming}: {Work} as {Play}}, issn = {1361-3200}, shorttitle = {有目的的游戏工作即游戏}, url = {http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue74/randall}, abstract = {Purposeful Gaming: Work as Play 【摘要翻译】有目的的游戏工作即游戏}, language = {en}, number = {74}, urldate = {2015-10-28}, journal = {Ariadne}, author = {Randall, Patrick}, year = {2015}, note = {🏷️ /unread、Crowdsourcing、Gamification}, keywords = {/unread, Crowdsourcing, Gamification}, }
@article{andro2015, title = {La correction participative de l’{OCR} par crowdsourcing au profit des bibliothèques numériques}, issn = {1292-8399}, shorttitle = {通过众包实现 {OCR} 的参与式修正,使数字图书馆受益}, url = {http://bbf.enssib.fr/contributions/la-correction-participative-de-l-ocr}, abstract = {Dans le cadre de leurs projets de numérisation, les bibliothèques génèrent une OCR brute comportant souvent des erreurs qui peuvent ensuite être corrigées par des prestataires faisant appel à de la main d’œuvre à bas coût. Mais les bibliothèques peuvent aussi faire appel à des internautes bénévoles (crowdsourcing explicite), à des internautes rémunérés (Amazon Mechanical Turk Marketplace), à des internautes qui corrigent l’OCR sous la forme de jeux (gamification) ou encore à des internautes qui corrigent de l’OCR sans le savoir (crowdsourcing implicite de reCAPTCHA). Dans cet article, nous étudions ces approches et comparons la rentabilité de ces expérimentations concrètes. 【摘要翻译】在图书数字化项目中,书库的 OCR 识别率很低,经常出现错误,这些错误随后可由提供商以较低的成本进行更正。此外,图书馆还可以向受惠者(众包说明)、受薪者(亚马逊机械土耳其市场)、以游戏形式进行 OCR 识别的受访者(游戏化)以及无知 OCR 识别的受访者(隐含 reCAPTCHA 的众包)发出呼吁。在本文中,我们对这些方法进行了研究,并比较了它们的实用性。}, language = {en}, journal = {Bulletin des bibliothèques de France}, author = {Andro, Mathieu and Saleh, Imad}, month = jun, year = {2015}, note = {🏷️ /unread、Crowdsourcing}, keywords = {/unread, Crowdsourcing}, }
@book{finke2014, address = {München}, title = {Citizen {Science}: {Das} unterschätzte {Wissen} der {Laien}}, isbn = {978-3-86581-466-1}, shorttitle = {公民科学:不一样的莱恩智慧}, abstract = {Charles Darwin und Gregor Mendel gelten zu Recht als herausragende Figuren der Wissenschaftsgeschichte. Sie waren auf ihren Gebieten Amateure, keine Berufsforscher im heutigen Sinne. Was sie antrieb, war eine unstillbare Neugier, die auch heute noch vielen Laien zu Eigen ist und in leidenschaftlich gepflegten Hobbys und ehrenamtlicher Forschung in vielen Problemfeldern der Zivilgesellschaft ihren Ausdruck findet. Doch Wissenschaft und Forschung gelten mittlerweile als Privileg der Profis, das oftmals lebensnähere Wirken der Laien als zweitklassig. Dabei sind ihre Leistungen bedeutsamer denn je: das Jahrhundertprojekt Wikipedia wäre ohne Citizen Science undenkbar und auch erfolgreiches bürgerschaftliches Engagement kommt ohne fundierte Sachkenntnisse nicht aus. Peter Finke legt die erste Einführung in die Ideenwelt von Citizen Science vor und lädt ein, die unterschätzte Welt der Wissensbürger zu entdecken. Sein Fazit: Wenn wir wirklich eine Wissensgesellschaft werden wollen, müssen wir unsere akademischen und politischen Maßstäbe neu justieren. 【摘要翻译】查尔斯-达尔文(Charles Darwin)和格雷戈尔-孟德尔(Gregor Mendel)是科学史上的传奇人物。他们在各自的领域都是业余爱好者,但在当今时代,他们并不是教师。她是一个不折不扣的新时代女性,至今仍有许多人在她的身边,并在许多民间社会问题中找到了自己的兴趣爱好和研究成果。但是,知识和研究在一定程度上是教授的特权,而通常是莱恩人的工作则是第二特权。在这方面,他们的贡献尤为重要:如果没有公民科学,维基百科这个千禧年的项目就不可能成功,而如果没有基础教育,也不可能有成功的企业参与。彼得-芬克(Peter Finke)首次提出了 "公民科学 "的概念,并试图揭示知识分子的不同世界。他的目标如果我们要成为一个真正的知识分子团体,我们就必须对自己的学术和政治行为做出新的解释。}, language = {en}, publisher = {oekom verlag}, author = {Finke, Peter and Laszlo, Ervin}, year = {2014}, note = {🏷️ /unread、meta\_GiveOverview、goal\_Dissemination、act\_Crowdsourcing}, keywords = {/unread, act\_Crowdsourcing, goal\_Dissemination, meta\_GiveOverview}, }
@incollection{graham2013, title = {The {HeritageCrowd} {Project}:: {A} {Case} {Study} in {Crowdsourcing} {Public} {History}}, shorttitle = {遗产众包项目::众包公共历史案例研究}, url = {https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv65sx57.24}, abstract = {Digital history is public history: when we put materials online, we enter into a conversation with individuals from all walks of life, with various voices and degrees of professionalism. In this essay, we discuss our experience in relinquishing control of the historical voice in order to crowdsource cultural heritage and history. What is the role of the historian when we crowdsource history? Whose history is it anyway—the historian’s or the crowd’s? Which crowd can lay claim to it? \textit{Wikipedia} , the exemplar par excellence of what crowdsourcing can accomplish, has perhaps the most succinct and elegant definition of the term: 【摘要翻译】数字历史是公共历史:当我们把资料放到网上时,我们就进入了与来自各行各业、拥有不同声音和专业程度的个人的对话。在这篇文章中,我们将讨论我们放弃对历史话语权的控制以实现文化遗产和历史众包的经验。当我们众包历史时,历史学家的角色是什么?这到底是谁的历史--历史学家的还是群众的?哪个人群可以宣称拥有它? 维基百科》(Wikipedia){\textless}i{\textgreater}{\textless}/i{\textgreater}作为众包所能实现的卓越典范,或许对这一术语做出了最简洁、最优雅的定义:}, language = {en}, urldate = {2021-03-08}, booktitle = {Writing {History} in the {Digital} {Age}}, publisher = {University of Michigan Press}, author = {Graham, Shawn and Massie, Guy and Feuerherm, Nadine}, editor = {Dougherty, Jack and Nawrotzki, Kristen}, year = {2013}, note = {🏷️ /unread}, keywords = {/unread}, pages = {222--232}, }
@incollection{haklay2013, address = {Dordrecht}, title = {Citizen {Science} and {Volunteered} {Geographic} {Information}: {Overview} and {Typology} of {Participation}}, isbn = {978-94-007-4587-2}, shorttitle = {公民科学和志愿地理信息:概述和参与类型}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4587-2_7}, abstract = {Within volunteered geographic information (VGI), citizen science stands out as a class of activities that require special attention and analysis. Citizen science is likely to be the longest running of VGI activities, with some projects showing continuous effort over a century. In addition, many projects are characterised by a genuine element of volunteering and contribution of information for the benefit of human knowledge and science. They are also tasks where data quality and uncertainty come to the fore when evaluating the validity of the results. This chapter provides an overview of citizen science in the context of VGI – hence the focus on geographic citizen science. This chapter highlights the historical context of citizen science and its more recent incarnation. It also covers some of the cultural and conceptual challenges that citizen science faces and the resulting limitation on the level of engagement. By drawing parallels with the Participatory Geographic Information Systems (PGIS) literature, the chapter offers a framework for participation in citizen science and concludes with the suggestion that a more participatory mode of citizen science is possible. 【摘要翻译】在志愿地理信息(VGI)中,公民科学是一类需要特别关注和分析的活动。在志愿地理信息活动中,公民科学可能是持续时间最长的活动,有些项目的持续工作时间长达一个世纪。此外,许多项目的特点是真正的志愿服务和信息贡献,以促进人类知识和科学的发展。在评估结果的有效性时,数据质量和不确定性也是非常重要的。本章概述了虚拟地理信息系统背景下的公民科学--因此重点是地理公民科学。本章重点介绍了公民科学的历史背景及其最新发展。本章还介绍了公民科学面临的一些文化和概念挑战,以及由此对参与程度造成的限制。通过与 "参与式地理信息系统"(PGIS)文献进行比较,本章为公民科学的参与提供了一个框架,并在结论中提出了一种更具参与性的公民科学模式是可能的。}, language = {en}, urldate = {2021-09-06}, booktitle = {Crowdsourcing {Geographic} {Knowledge}: {Volunteered} {Geographic} {Information} ({VGI}) in {Theory} and {Practice}}, publisher = {Springer Netherlands}, author = {Haklay, Muki}, editor = {Sui, Daniel and Elwood, Sarah and Goodchild, Michael}, year = {2013}, note = {🏷️ /unread、Citizen Science、Geographic Information System、Global Position System Receiver、Volunteer Computing、Volunteer Geographic Information}, keywords = {/unread, Citizen Science, Geographic Information System, Global Position System Receiver, Volunteer Computing, Volunteer Geographic Information}, pages = {105--122}, }
@article{causer2012, title = {Building {A} {Volunteer} {Community}: {Results} and {Findings} from {Transcribe} {Bentham}}, volume = {006}, issn = {1938-4122}, shorttitle = {建设志愿者社区:转录本瑟姆的结果和发现}, language = {en}, number = {2}, journal = {Digital Humanities Quarterly}, author = {Causer, Tim and Wallace, Valerie}, month = oct, year = {2012}, note = {🏷️ /unread、Crowdsourcing}, keywords = {/unread, Crowdsourcing}, }
@book{easley2010, title = {Networks, {Crowds}, and {Markets}. {Reasoning} {About} a {Highly} {Connected} {World}}, isbn = {978-0-521-19533-1}, shorttitle = {网络、人群与市场。推理高度互联的世界}, url = {http://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/computer-science/algorithmics-complexity-computer-algebra-and-computational-g/networks-crowds-and-markets-reasoning-about-highly-connected-world}, abstract = {A unique probabilistic approach to studying pattern matching problems in computer science, telecommunications, molecular biology and more. 【摘要翻译】以独特的概率方法研究计算机科学、电信、分子生物学等领域的模式匹配问题。}, language = {en}, urldate = {2014-09-05}, publisher = {CUP}, author = {Easley, David and Kleinberg, Jon}, year = {2010}, note = {🏷️ /unread、*****、act\_RelationalAnalysis、goal\_Analysis、t\_NetworkAnalysis}, keywords = {*****, /unread, act\_RelationalAnalysis, goal\_Analysis, t\_NetworkAnalysis}, }
@techreport{holley2009, title = {Many hands make light work: {Public} collaborative {OCR} text correction in {Australian} historic newspapers}, shorttitle = {众人拾柴火焰高澳大利亚历史报纸中的公共协作 {OCR} 文字校正}, url = {http://nla.gov.au/ndp/project_details/documents/ANDP_ManyHands.pdf}, abstract = {An overview of public collaborative OCR text correction in the'Australian Newspapers' service. 【摘要翻译】澳大利亚报纸》中的公共协作 OCR 文本校正概述 服务。}, language = {en}, institution = {National Library of Australia}, author = {Holley, Rose}, month = mar, year = {2009}, note = {🏷️ /unread、Crowdsourcing}, keywords = {/unread, Crowdsourcing}, }
@article{ernst, series = {Zeitschrift für {DH}}, title = {Vom {Urheber} zur {Crowd}, vom {Werk} zur {Version}, vom {Schutz} zur Öffnung? {Kollaboratives} {Schreiben} und {Bewerten} in den {Digital} {Humanities}}, shorttitle = {Vom {Urheber} zur {Crowd}, vom {Werk} zur {Version}, vom {Schutz} zur Öffnung?数字人文中的合作阅读与评价}, url = {http://fvmww.diphda.uberspace.de/vom-urheber-zur-crowd-vom-werk-zur-version-vom-schutz-zur-%C3%B6ffnung-kollaboratives-schreiben-und}, doi = {nN}, abstract = {Open-Review-Plattformen und Wikis verändern die wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisproduktion, Soziale Medien und Wissenschaftsblogs die Wissenschaftskommunikation. Diese digitalen Publikationsweisen stellen die Veröffentlichungspraxen und Autorschaftskonzepte der Geisteswissenschaften praktisch und kategorial vor einige Probleme. Daher ist es notwendig, den Begriff ›wissenschaftliche Autorschaft‹ angesichts neuer Formen des kollaborativen Schreibens einer Revision zu unterziehen und die Wissenschaftlichkeit der neuen Medienformate zu reflektieren. Dies kann exemplarisch an selbstkontrollierten digitalen Veröffentlichungsinfrastrukturen und Modellen eines offeneren Immaterialgüterrechts untersucht werden. Open-review projects and wikis are changing academic knowledge production, just as academic blogs and social media are influencing scholarly communication. These digital forms of publishing challenge the usual practices of publishing and the concepts of authorship within the humanities, both practically and categorically. Therefore, it is necessary to revise the concept of ›scholarly authorship‹ by differentiating new forms of academic collaborative writing and to reflect on the academic quality of the new media formats within the humanities. This can be shown when analyzing self-curated digital publishing infrastructures and open license models of intellectual property. 【摘要翻译】开放式评论平台和维基平台促进了科学研究、社会媒体和科学博客的传播。这些数字出版手段使 Geisteswissenschaft 的出版标准和自主研究方法在实用性和分类方面遇到了一些问题。因此,"wissenschaftliche Autorschaft "这一概念必须与新的合作形式相结合,以反映新媒体形式的知识性。这将是对自我控制的数字出版基础设施和非物质版权模式进行研究的范例。 正如学术博客和社交媒体对学术交流的影响一样,开放评审项目和维基也在改变着学术知识的生产。这些数字出版形式对人文学科通常的出版实践和作者概念提出了挑战,无论是在实践中还是在分类上。因此,有必要通过区分学术合作写作的新形式来修正 "学术作者身份 "的概念,并对人文学科新媒体形式的学术质量进行反思。这一点可以通过分析自我策划的数字出版基础设施和知识产权的开放许可模式来体现。}, language = {en}, number = {Sonderband}, author = {Ernst, Thomas}, note = {🏷️ /unread、Open Access、act\_Collaborating、activity: Reflect、Object: Digital Humanities、activity: Enrich}, keywords = {/unread, Object: Digital Humanities, Open Access, act\_Collaborating, activity: Enrich, activity: Reflect}, }
@misc{christinamanzoetal., type = {{DHQ}: {Digital} {Humanities} {Quarterly}:}, title = {By the {People}, {For} the {People}: {Assessing} the {Value} of {Crowdsourced}, {User}-{Generated} {Metadata}}, shorttitle = {由民做主,为民服务:评估众包、用户生成元数据的价值}, url = {http://www.digitalhumanities.org/dhq/vol/9/1/000204/000204.html}, abstract = {With the growing volume of user-generated classification systems arising from media tagging-based platforms (such as Flickr and Tumblr) and the advent of new crowdsourcing platforms for cultural heritage collections, determining the value and usability of crowdsourced, "folksonomic," or user-generated, "freely chosen keywords" [21st Century Lexicon] for libraries, museums and other cultural heritage organizations becomes increasingly essential. The present study builds on prior work investigating the value and accuracy of folksonomies by: (1) demonstrating the benefit of user-generated "tags" - or unregulated keywords typically meant for personal organizational purposes - for facilitating item retrieval and (2) assessing the accuracy of descriptive metadata generated via a game-based crowdsourcing application. In this study, participants (N = 16) were first tasked with finding a set of five images using a search index containing either a combination of folksonomic and controlled vocabulary metadata or only controlled vocabulary metadata. Data analysis revealed that participants in the folksonomic and controlled vocabulary search condition were, on average, six times faster to search for each image (M = 25.08 secs) compared to participants searching with access only to controlled vocabulary metadata (M = 154.1 secs), and successfully retrieved significantly more items overall. Following this search task, all participants were asked to provide descriptive metadata for nine digital objects by playing three separate single-player tagging games. Analysis showed that 88\% of participant-provided tags were judged to be accurate, and that both tagging patterns and accuracy levels did not significantly differ between groups of professional librarians and participants outside of the Library Science field. These findings illustrate the value of folksonomies for enhancing item "findability," or the ease with which a patron can access materials, and the ability of librarians and general users alike to contribute valid, meaningful metadata. This could significantly impact the way libraries and other cultural heritage organizations conceptualize the tasks of searching and classification. 【摘要翻译】随着基于媒体标签的平台(如 Flickr 和 Tumblr)上用户生成的分类系统数量日益增多,以及新的文化遗产藏品众包平台的出现,确定众包、"民俗学 "或用户生成、"自由选择的关键词"[《21 世纪词典》]对于图书馆、博物馆和其他文化遗产组织的价值和可用性变得越来越重要。本研究在此前调查民俗词典的价值和准确性的工作基础上,通过以下方式开展:(1)证明用户生成的 "标签"--或通常用于个人组织目的的非规范关键词--对促进项目检索的益处;(2)评估通过基于游戏的众包应用生成的描述性元数据的准确性。在这项研究中,首先让参与者(16 人)使用包含民俗学元数据和受控词汇元数据组合或仅包含受控词汇元数据的搜索索引查找一组五张图片。数据分析显示,与只使用受控词汇元数据进行搜索的参与者(M = 154.1 秒)相比,使用民俗学和受控词汇搜索条件的参与者搜索每张图片的速度平均快六倍(M = 25.08 秒),而且成功检索到的项目总体上要多得多。在这项搜索任务之后,所有参与者都被要求通过玩三个独立的单人标记游戏为九个数字对象提供描述性元数据。分析表明,88\% 的参与者提供的标签被认为是准确的,而且标签模式和准确度在专业图书馆员群体和图书馆学领域以外的参与者群体之间没有明显差异。这些发现说明了民俗组的价值,即提高项目的 "可查找性",或者说提高读者获取资料的便捷性,以及图书馆员和普通用户贡献有效、有意义的元数据的能力。这将极大地影响图书馆和其他文化遗产组织对搜索和分类任务的构思方式。}, language = {en}, urldate = {2015-09-24}, author = {{Christina Manzo et al.}}, note = {🏷️ /unread、activity: Collaborate}, keywords = {/unread, activity: Collaborate}, }
@book{zotero-18047, title = {The {Collective} {Wisdom} {Handbook}: {Perspectives} on {Crowdsourcing} in {Cultural} {Heritage} - community review version}, shorttitle = {集体智慧手册:文化遗产众包视角 - 社区评论版}, url = {https://britishlibrary.pubpub.org/the-collective-wisdom-handbook-perspectives-on-crowdsourcing-in-cultural-heritage---community-review-version}, language = {en}, urldate = {2023-07-13}, publisher = {PubPub}, note = {🏷️ /unread}, keywords = {/unread}, }