var bibbase_data = {"data":"<img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/ajax-loader.gif\" id=\"spinner\"\n  style=\"display: none;\" alt=\"Loading..\" />\n\n<div id=\"bibbase\">\n\n  <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n    var bibbase = {\n      params: {\"bib\":\"https://api.zotero.org/groups/2386895/collections/XX2NLPN2/items?format=bibtex&limit=100\",\"jsonp\":\"1\",\"group0\":\"author_short\",\"host\":\"bibbase.org\"},\n      data: [{\"bibtype\":\"inproceedings\",\"type\":\"inproceedings\",\"address\":\"Cape Town, South Africa\",\"title\":\"A Basic Introduction to FRBROO and PRESSOO\",\"url\":\"https://library.ifla.org/id/eprint/1150/\",\"abstract\":\"In addition to FRBR, FRAD, and FRSAD, two conceptual models for bibliographic information were developed these last years: FRBROO (a reformulation of the FRBR/FRAD/FRSAD models) and PRESSOO (more specifically devoted to bibliographic information about continuing resources). This paper provides the explanation that is necessary for a good understanding of the formalism used in these two models. It then shows how some of the basic constructs of FRBR/FRAD/FRSAD are rendered in the FRBROO model. In a very brief third section, it highlights some core aspects of PRESSOO. Keywords: FRBROO, PRESSOO, CIDOC CRM, Conceptual models for cultural heritage information\",\"booktitle\":\"IFLA WLIC 201, Session 207 - Cataloguing\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Le\",\"Boeuf\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Patrick\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2015\",\"keywords\":\"CIDOC CRM, Conceptual models for cultural heritage information, FRBRoo, PRESSoo\",\"bibtex\":\"@inproceedings{le_boeuf_basic_2015,\\n\\taddress = {Cape Town, South Africa},\\n\\ttitle = {A {Basic} {Introduction} to {FRBROO} and {PRESSOO}},\\n\\turl = {https://library.ifla.org/id/eprint/1150/},\\n\\tabstract = {In addition to FRBR, FRAD, and FRSAD, two conceptual models for bibliographic information were\\ndeveloped these last years: FRBROO (a reformulation of the FRBR/FRAD/FRSAD models) and\\nPRESSOO (more specifically devoted to bibliographic information about continuing resources). This\\npaper provides the explanation that is necessary for a good understanding of the formalism used in\\nthese two models. It then shows how some of the basic constructs of FRBR/FRAD/FRSAD are\\nrendered in the FRBROO model. In a very brief third section, it highlights some core aspects of\\nPRESSOO.\\nKeywords: FRBROO, PRESSOO, CIDOC CRM, Conceptual models for cultural heritage information},\\n\\tbooktitle = {{IFLA} {WLIC} 201, {Session} 207 - {Cataloguing}},\\n\\tauthor = {Le Boeuf, Patrick},\\n\\tyear = {2015},\\n\\tkeywords = {CIDOC CRM, Conceptual models for cultural heritage information, FRBRoo, PRESSoo},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Le Boeuf, P.\"],\"key\":\"le_boeuf_basic_2015\",\"id\":\"le_boeuf_basic_2015\",\"bibbaseid\":\"leboeuf-abasicintroductiontofrbrooandpressoo-2015\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://library.ifla.org/id/eprint/1150/\"},\"keyword\":[\"CIDOC CRM\",\"Conceptual models for cultural heritage information\",\"FRBRoo\",\"PRESSoo\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"incollection\",\"type\":\"incollection\",\"title\":\"ICA Records in Contexts-Ontology (RiC-O): a Semantic Framework for Describing Archival Resources\",\"shorttitle\":\"ICA Records in Contexts-Ontology (RiC-O)\",\"url\":\"https://enc.hal.science/hal-03965776\",\"abstract\":\"This article gives an overview of the new Records in Contexts Ontology (RiC-O), which is available at https://www.ica.org/standards/RiC/ontology. This ontology is part of the Records in Contexts (RiC) standard, which has been developed by the International Council on Archives to describe and contextualize archival resources in a comprehensible way that goes beyond the possibilities of the existing archival standards. The article explains the rationale for developing a new standard for archival description, and particularly the ontology. It provides a quick overview of the RiC Conceptual Model and then focuses on RiC-O, its design principles and content and giving references to more precise documentation that is publicly available online. Finally, it presents the roadmap and future perspectives of RiC.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"urldate\":\"2023-08-18\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Clavaud\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Florence\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Wildi\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Tobias\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2021\",\"pages\":\"p. 79\",\"bibtex\":\"@incollection{clavaud_ica_2021,\\n\\ttitle = {{ICA} {Records} in {Contexts}-{Ontology} ({RiC}-{O}): a {Semantic} {Framework} for {Describing} {Archival} {Resources}},\\n\\tshorttitle = {{ICA} {Records} in {Contexts}-{Ontology} ({RiC}-{O})},\\n\\turl = {https://enc.hal.science/hal-03965776},\\n\\tabstract = {This article gives an overview of the new Records in Contexts Ontology (RiC-O), which is available at https://www.ica.org/standards/RiC/ontology. This ontology is part of the Records in Contexts (RiC) standard, which has been developed by the International Council on Archives to describe and contextualize archival resources in a comprehensible way that goes beyond the possibilities of the existing archival standards. The article explains the rationale for developing a new standard for archival description, and particularly the ontology. It provides a quick overview of the RiC Conceptual Model and then focuses on RiC-O, its design principles and content and giving references to more precise documentation that is publicly available online. Finally, it presents the roadmap and future perspectives of RiC.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\turldate = {2023-08-18},\\n\\tauthor = {Clavaud, Florence and Wildi, Tobias},\\n\\tyear = {2021},\\n\\tpages = {p. 79},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Clavaud, F.\",\"Wildi, T.\"],\"key\":\"clavaud_ica_2021\",\"id\":\"clavaud_ica_2021\",\"bibbaseid\":\"clavaud-wildi-icarecordsincontextsontologyricoasemanticframeworkfordescribingarchivalresources-2021\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://enc.hal.science/hal-03965776\"},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"incollection\",\"type\":\"incollection\",\"address\":\"Cham\",\"series\":\"Quantitative Methods in the Humanities and Social Sciences\",\"title\":\"Cultural Heritage Data Management: The Role of Formal Ontology and CIDOC CRM\",\"isbn\":\"978-3-319-65370-9\",\"shorttitle\":\"Cultural Heritage Data Management\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65370-9_6\",\"abstract\":\"Building models for integrating the diverse data generated in Cultural Heritage disciplines is a long-term challenge both for securing presently generated knowledge and for making it progressively more widely accessible and interoperable into the future. This chapter reviews the multiple approaches undertaken to address this problem, finally proposing CIDOC CRM as the most robust solution for information integration in CH. The chapter begins by outlining the data challenge specific to the field and the main approaches that can be taken in facing it. Within this frame, it distinguishes knowledge engineering and formal ontology from other information modelling techniques as the necessary approach for tackling the broader data integration problem. It then outlines the basic principles of CIDOC CRM, the ISO standard formal ontology for CH. From there, an overview is given of some of the work that has been done both theoretically and in practice over the past five years in developing and implementing CRM as a practical data integration strategy in CH, particularly looking at model extensions to handle knowledge provenance across various disciplines and typical documentation and reasoning activities, as well as at successful implementation projects. Lastly, it summarizes the present potentials and challenges for using CIDOC CRM for solving the CH data management and integration puzzle. The intended audience of this chapter are specialists from all backgrounds within the broader domain of CH with an interest in data integration and CIDOC CRM.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"urldate\":\"2023-08-18\",\"booktitle\":\"Heritage and Archaeology in the Digital Age: Acquisition, Curation, and Dissemination of Spatial Cultural Heritage Data\",\"publisher\":\"Springer International Publishing\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bruseker\"],\"firstnames\":[\"George\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Carboni\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Nicola\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Guillem\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Anaïs\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"editor\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Vincent\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Matthew\",\"L.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"López-Menchero\",\"Bendicho\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Víctor\",\"Manuel\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ioannides\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Marinos\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Levy\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Thomas\",\"E.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2017\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/978-3-319-65370-9_6\",\"pages\":\"93–131\",\"bibtex\":\"@incollection{bruseker_cultural_2017,\\n\\taddress = {Cham},\\n\\tseries = {Quantitative {Methods} in the {Humanities} and {Social} {Sciences}},\\n\\ttitle = {Cultural {Heritage} {Data} {Management}: {The} {Role} of {Formal} {Ontology} and {CIDOC} {CRM}},\\n\\tisbn = {978-3-319-65370-9},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Cultural {Heritage} {Data} {Management}},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65370-9_6},\\n\\tabstract = {Building models for integrating the diverse data generated in Cultural Heritage disciplines is a long-term challenge both for securing presently generated knowledge and for making it progressively more widely accessible and interoperable into the future. This chapter reviews the multiple approaches undertaken to address this problem, finally proposing CIDOC CRM as the most robust solution for information integration in CH. The chapter begins by outlining the data challenge specific to the field and the main approaches that can be taken in facing it. Within this frame, it distinguishes knowledge engineering and formal ontology from other information modelling techniques as the necessary approach for tackling the broader data integration problem. It then outlines the basic principles of CIDOC CRM, the ISO standard formal ontology for CH. From there, an overview is given of some of the work that has been done both theoretically and in practice over the past five years in developing and implementing CRM as a practical data integration strategy in CH, particularly looking at model extensions to handle knowledge provenance across various disciplines and typical documentation and reasoning activities, as well as at successful implementation projects. Lastly, it summarizes the present potentials and challenges for using CIDOC CRM for solving the CH data management and integration puzzle. The intended audience of this chapter are specialists from all backgrounds within the broader domain of CH with an interest in data integration and CIDOC CRM.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\turldate = {2023-08-18},\\n\\tbooktitle = {Heritage and {Archaeology} in the {Digital} {Age}: {Acquisition}, {Curation}, and {Dissemination} of {Spatial} {Cultural} {Heritage} {Data}},\\n\\tpublisher = {Springer International Publishing},\\n\\tauthor = {Bruseker, George and Carboni, Nicola and Guillem, Anaïs},\\n\\teditor = {Vincent, Matthew L. and López-Menchero Bendicho, Víctor Manuel and Ioannides, Marinos and Levy, Thomas E.},\\n\\tyear = {2017},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/978-3-319-65370-9_6},\\n\\tpages = {93--131},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Bruseker, G.\",\"Carboni, N.\",\"Guillem, A.\"],\"editor_short\":[\"Vincent, M. L.\",\"López-Menchero Bendicho, V. M.\",\"Ioannides, M.\",\"Levy, T. E.\"],\"key\":\"bruseker_cultural_2017\",\"id\":\"bruseker_cultural_2017\",\"bibbaseid\":\"bruseker-carboni-guillem-culturalheritagedatamanagementtheroleofformalontologyandcidoccrm-2017\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65370-9_6\"},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"book\",\"type\":\"book\",\"address\":\"Cambridge\",\"series\":\"Elements in the Philosophy of Science\",\"title\":\"Philosophy of Open Science\",\"isbn\":\"978-1-00-941639-9\",\"url\":\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/elements/philosophy-of-open-science/0D049ECF635F3B676C03C6868873E406\",\"publisher\":\"Cambridge University Press\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Leonelli\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sabina\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2023\",\"doi\":\"10.1017/9781009416368\",\"bibtex\":\"@book{leonelli_philosophy_2023,\\n\\taddress = {Cambridge},\\n\\tseries = {Elements in the {Philosophy} of {Science}},\\n\\ttitle = {Philosophy of {Open} {Science}},\\n\\tisbn = {978-1-00-941639-9},\\n\\turl = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/elements/philosophy-of-open-science/0D049ECF635F3B676C03C6868873E406},\\n\\tpublisher = {Cambridge University Press},\\n\\tauthor = {Leonelli, Sabina},\\n\\tyear = {2023},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1017/9781009416368},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Leonelli, S.\"],\"key\":\"leonelli_philosophy_2023\",\"id\":\"leonelli_philosophy_2023\",\"bibbaseid\":\"leonelli-philosophyofopenscience-2023\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/elements/philosophy-of-open-science/0D049ECF635F3B676C03C6868873E406\"},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Archives, linked data and the digital humanities: increasing access to digitised and born-digital archives via the semantic web\",\"issn\":\"1573-7500\",\"shorttitle\":\"Archives, linked data and the digital humanities\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10502-021-09381-0\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10502-021-09381-0\",\"abstract\":\"Mass digitisation and the exponential growth of born-digital archives over the past two decades have resulted in an enormous volume of archives and archival data being available digitally. This has produced a valuable but under-utilised source of large-scale digital data ripe for interrogation by scholars and practitioners in the Digital Humanities. However, current digitisation approaches fall short of the requirements of digital humanists for structured, integrated, interoperable, and interrogable data. Linked Data provides a viable means of producing such data, creating machine-readable archival data suited to analysis using digital humanities research methods. While a growing body of archival scholarship and praxis has explored Linked Data, its potential to open up digitised and born-digital archives to the Digital Humanities is under-examined. This article approaches Archival Linked Data from the perspective of the Digital Humanities, extrapolating from both archival and digital humanities Linked Data scholarship to identify the benefits to digital humanists of the production and provision of access to Archival Linked Data. It will consider some of the current barriers preventing digital humanists from being able to experience the benefits of Archival Linked Data evidenced, and to fully utilise archives which have been made available digitally. The article argues for increased collaboration between the two disciplines, challenges individuals and institutions to engage with Linked Data, and suggests the incorporation of AI and low-barrier tools such as Wikidata into the Linked Data production workflow in order to scale up the production of Archival Linked Data as a means of increasing access to and utilisation of digitised and born-digital archives.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"urldate\":\"2022-01-14\",\"journal\":\"Archival Science\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hawkins\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ashleigh\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"December\",\"year\":\"2021\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{hawkins_archives_2021,\\n\\ttitle = {Archives, linked data and the digital humanities: increasing access to digitised and born-digital archives via the semantic web},\\n\\tissn = {1573-7500},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Archives, linked data and the digital humanities},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10502-021-09381-0},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s10502-021-09381-0},\\n\\tabstract = {Mass digitisation and the exponential growth of born-digital archives over the past two decades have resulted in an enormous volume of archives and archival data being available digitally. This has produced a valuable but under-utilised source of large-scale digital data ripe for interrogation by scholars and practitioners in the Digital Humanities. However, current digitisation approaches fall short of the requirements of digital humanists for structured, integrated, interoperable, and interrogable data. Linked Data provides a viable means of producing such data, creating machine-readable archival data suited to analysis using digital humanities research methods. While a growing body of archival scholarship and praxis has explored Linked Data, its potential to open up digitised and born-digital archives to the Digital Humanities is under-examined. This article approaches Archival Linked Data from the perspective of the Digital Humanities, extrapolating from both archival and digital humanities Linked Data scholarship to identify the benefits to digital humanists of the production and provision of access to Archival Linked Data. It will consider some of the current barriers preventing digital humanists from being able to experience the benefits of Archival Linked Data evidenced, and to fully utilise archives which have been made available digitally. The article argues for increased collaboration between the two disciplines, challenges individuals and institutions to engage with Linked Data, and suggests the incorporation of AI and low-barrier tools such as Wikidata into the Linked Data production workflow in order to scale up the production of Archival Linked Data as a means of increasing access to and utilisation of digitised and born-digital archives.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\turldate = {2022-01-14},\\n\\tjournal = {Archival Science},\\n\\tauthor = {Hawkins, Ashleigh},\\n\\tmonth = dec,\\n\\tyear = {2021},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Hawkins, A.\"],\"key\":\"hawkins_archives_2021\",\"id\":\"hawkins_archives_2021\",\"bibbaseid\":\"hawkins-archiveslinkeddataandthedigitalhumanitiesincreasingaccesstodigitisedandborndigitalarchivesviathesemanticweb-2021\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10502-021-09381-0\"},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"incollection\",\"type\":\"incollection\",\"address\":\"Norderstedt\",\"title\":\"Das Semantic Web als Giant Global Kontext?\",\"volume\":\"14\",\"url\":\"http://www.uni-koeln.de/\",\"abstract\":\"Unter dem Gesichtspunkt der „Rekontextualisierung“ erweist sich das Semantic Web als eine eigenartige textuelle Ausdrucksform, die als Prototyp einer digitalen Rekontextualisierung verstanden werden könnte: Es besteht konstitutiv aus Aussagen (Basisprinzip Triples), die über das Internet miteinander verknüpfbar sind (Basisprinzip IRI). Im Unterschied zum Hypertext sind die Aussagen aber hochgradig fragmentiert und formalisiert. Sie sind damit „digitaler“ als Hypertext, da sie weit stärker als dieser diskret konfiguriert sind. Zusätzlich sind sie einigen formallogischen Methoden zugänglich, welche die für einen Text notwendige Kohärenz erzeugen. Aus textlinguistischer Sicht könnte man also das Semantic Web nicht nur als „Giant Global Graph“ sondern auch als „Giant Global Text“ zu beschreiben versuchen. Damit wird der Begriff der Rekontextualisierung für die Verwendung des Semantic Web in den DH produktiv, weil er darauf hinweist, dass das Semantic Web nicht ohne menschliche Intervention Text produziert. Daraus ergibt sich aber auch eine »Unsichtbarkeit« des Semantic Web. Die Rekontextualisierung mit Methoden des Semantic Web kann deshalb auch darin bestehen, den „Giant Global Text“ mit jeweils neuen Paratexten zu versehen und so neue Rezeptionsformen zu ermöglichen.\",\"language\":\"de\",\"urldate\":\"2021-12-30\",\"publisher\":\"BoD\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Vogeler\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Georg\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"editor\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Meier-Vieracker\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Simon\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Viehhauser\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Gabriel\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sahle\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Patrick\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2020\",\"note\":\"ISSN: 2197-6945 Num Pages: 14\",\"pages\":\"55–70\",\"bibtex\":\"@incollection{vogeler_semantic_2020,\\n\\taddress = {Norderstedt},\\n\\ttitle = {Das {Semantic} {Web} als {Giant} {Global} {Kontext}?},\\n\\tvolume = {14},\\n\\turl = {http://www.uni-koeln.de/},\\n\\tabstract = {Unter dem Gesichtspunkt der „Rekontextualisierung“ erweist sich das Semantic Web als eine eigenartige textuelle Ausdrucksform, die als Prototyp einer digitalen Rekontextualisierung verstanden werden könnte: Es besteht konstitutiv aus Aussagen (Basisprinzip Triples), die über das Internet miteinander verknüpfbar sind (Basisprinzip IRI). Im Unterschied zum Hypertext sind die Aussagen aber hochgradig fragmentiert und formalisiert. Sie sind damit „digitaler“ als Hypertext, da sie weit stärker als dieser diskret konfiguriert sind. Zusätzlich sind sie einigen formallogischen Methoden zugänglich, welche die für einen Text notwendige Kohärenz erzeugen. Aus textlinguistischer Sicht könnte man also das Semantic Web nicht nur als „Giant Global Graph“ sondern auch als „Giant Global Text“ zu beschreiben versuchen. Damit wird der Begriff der Rekontextualisierung für die Verwendung des Semantic Web in den DH produktiv, weil er darauf hinweist, dass das Semantic Web nicht ohne menschliche Intervention Text produziert. Daraus ergibt sich aber auch eine »Unsichtbarkeit« des Semantic Web. Die Rekontextualisierung mit Methoden des Semantic Web kann deshalb auch darin bestehen, den „Giant Global Text“ mit jeweils neuen Paratexten zu versehen und so neue Rezeptionsformen zu ermöglichen.},\\n\\tlanguage = {de},\\n\\turldate = {2021-12-30},\\n\\tpublisher = {BoD},\\n\\tauthor = {Vogeler, Georg},\\n\\teditor = {Meier-Vieracker, Simon and Viehhauser, Gabriel and Sahle, Patrick},\\n\\tyear = {2020},\\n\\tnote = {ISSN: 2197-6945\\nNum Pages: 14},\\n\\tpages = {55--70},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Vogeler, G.\"],\"editor_short\":[\"Meier-Vieracker, S.\",\"Viehhauser, G.\",\"Sahle, P.\"],\"key\":\"vogeler_semantic_2020\",\"id\":\"vogeler_semantic_2020\",\"bibbaseid\":\"vogeler-dassemanticwebalsgiantglobalkontext-2020\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"http://www.uni-koeln.de/\"},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Archival Description and Linked Data: A Preliminary Study of Opportunities and Implementation Challenges\",\"volume\":\"15\",\"issn\":\"1389-0166, 1573-7519\",\"shorttitle\":\"Archival description and linked data\",\"url\":\"10.1007/s10502-014-9216-2\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10502-014-9216-2\",\"abstract\":\"This paper presents the results of a study to investigate how archives can connect their collections to related data sources through the use of Semantic Web technologies, specifically Linked Data. Questions explored included (a) What types of data currently available in archival surrogates such as Encoded Archival Description (EAD) finding aids and Machine-Readable Cataloging (MARC) records may be useful if converted to Linked Data? (b) For those potentially useful data points identified in archival surrogates, how might one align data structures found in those surrogates to the data structures of other relevant internal or external information sources? (c) What features of current standards and data structures present impediments or challenges that must be overcome in order to achieve interoperability among disparate data sources? To answer these questions, the researcher identified metadata elements of potential use as Linked Data in archival surrogates, as well as metadata element sets and vocabularies of data sets that could serve as pathways to relevant external data sources. Data sets chosen for the study included DBpedia and schema.org; metadata element sets examined included Friend of a Friend (FOAF), GeoNames, and Linking Open Description of Events (LODE). The researcher then aligned tags found in the EAD encoding standard to related classes and properties found in these Linked Data sources and metadata element sets. To investigate the third question about impediments to incorporating Linked Data in archival descriptions, the researcher analyzed the locations and frequencies at which controlled and uncontrolled access points (personal and family name, corporate name, geographic name, and genre/form entities) appeared in a sample of MARC and EAD archival descriptive records by using a combination of hand counts and the natural language processing (NLP) tool, OpenCalais. The results of the location and frequency analysis, combined with the results of the alignment process, helped the researcher identify several critical challenges currently impeding interoperability among archival information systems and relevant Linked Data sources, including differences in granularity between archival and other data source vocabularies, and inadequacies of current encoding standards to support semantic tagging of potential access points embedded in free text areas of archival surrogates.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"3\",\"urldate\":\"2020-12-16\",\"journal\":\"Archival Science\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Gracy\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Karen\",\"F.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2015\",\"pages\":\"239–294\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{gracy_archival_2015,\\n\\ttitle = {Archival {Description} and {Linked} {Data}: {A} {Preliminary} {Study} of {Opportunities} and {Implementation} {Challenges}},\\n\\tvolume = {15},\\n\\tissn = {1389-0166, 1573-7519},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Archival description and linked data},\\n\\turl = {10.1007/s10502-014-9216-2},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s10502-014-9216-2},\\n\\tabstract = {This paper presents the results of a study to investigate how archives can connect their collections to related data sources through the use of Semantic Web technologies, specifically Linked Data. Questions explored included (a) What types of data currently available in archival surrogates such as Encoded Archival Description (EAD) finding aids and Machine-Readable Cataloging (MARC) records may be useful if converted to Linked Data? (b) For those potentially useful data points identified in archival surrogates, how might one align data structures found in those surrogates to the data structures of other relevant internal or external information sources? (c) What features of current standards and data structures present impediments or challenges that must be overcome in order to achieve interoperability among disparate data sources? To answer these questions, the researcher identified metadata elements of potential use as Linked Data in archival surrogates, as well as metadata element sets and vocabularies of data sets that could serve as pathways to relevant external data sources. Data sets chosen for the study included DBpedia and schema.org; metadata element sets examined included Friend of a Friend (FOAF), GeoNames, and Linking Open Description of Events (LODE). The researcher then aligned tags found in the EAD encoding standard to related classes and properties found in these Linked Data sources and metadata element sets. To investigate the third question about impediments to incorporating Linked Data in archival descriptions, the researcher analyzed the locations and frequencies at which controlled and uncontrolled access points (personal and family name, corporate name, geographic name, and genre/form entities) appeared in a sample of MARC and EAD archival descriptive records by using a combination of hand counts and the natural language processing (NLP) tool, OpenCalais. The results of the location and frequency analysis, combined with the results of the alignment process, helped the researcher identify several critical challenges currently impeding interoperability among archival information systems and relevant Linked Data sources, including differences in granularity between archival and other data source vocabularies, and inadequacies of current encoding standards to support semantic tagging of potential access points embedded in free text areas of archival surrogates.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {3},\\n\\turldate = {2020-12-16},\\n\\tjournal = {Archival Science},\\n\\tauthor = {Gracy, Karen F.},\\n\\tyear = {2015},\\n\\tpages = {239--294},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Gracy, K. F.\"],\"key\":\"gracy_archival_2015\",\"id\":\"gracy_archival_2015\",\"bibbaseid\":\"gracy-archivaldescriptionandlinkeddataapreliminarystudyofopportunitiesandimplementationchallenges-2015\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://api.zotero.org/groups/2386895/collections/XX2NLPN2/10.1007/s10502-014-9216-2\"},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"downloads\":0,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Informationen finden und Wissen verlinken: Der Weg der Metadatenstandards vom Archivregal zu den Linked Data\",\"copyright\":\"Copyright ©2020 arbido.\",\"url\":\"https://arbido.ch/de/ausgaben-artikel/2017/metadaten-datenqualit%C3%A4t/vom-regal-zum-word-wide-web-die-entwicklung-von-normen-und-standards\",\"abstract\":\"Die Informatisierung der Archivarbeit hat die Notwendigkeit von Metadatenstandards aufgezeigt, denn die Metadaten ermöglichen es, analoge und elektronische…\",\"language\":\"de\",\"number\":\"3\",\"urldate\":\"2020-12-28\",\"journal\":\"Arbido\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Merzaghi\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Michele\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2017\",\"note\":\"Archive Location: https://arbido.ch/de/ Publisher: arbido\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{merzaghi_informationen_2017,\\n\\ttitle = {Informationen finden und {Wissen} verlinken: {Der} {Weg} der {Metadatenstandards} vom {Archivregal} zu den {Linked} {Data}},\\n\\tcopyright = {Copyright ©2020 arbido.},\\n\\turl = {https://arbido.ch/de/ausgaben-artikel/2017/metadaten-datenqualit%C3%A4t/vom-regal-zum-word-wide-web-die-entwicklung-von-normen-und-standards},\\n\\tabstract = {Die Informatisierung der Archivarbeit hat die Notwendigkeit von Metadatenstandards aufgezeigt, denn die Metadaten ermöglichen es, analoge und elektronische…},\\n\\tlanguage = {de},\\n\\tnumber = {3},\\n\\turldate = {2020-12-28},\\n\\tjournal = {Arbido},\\n\\tauthor = {Merzaghi, Michele},\\n\\tyear = {2017},\\n\\tnote = {Archive Location: https://arbido.ch/de/\\nPublisher: arbido},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Merzaghi, M.\"],\"key\":\"merzaghi_informationen_2017\",\"id\":\"merzaghi_informationen_2017\",\"bibbaseid\":\"merzaghi-informationenfindenundwissenverlinkenderwegdermetadatenstandardsvomarchivregalzudenlinkeddata-2017\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://arbido.ch/de/ausgaben-artikel/2017/metadaten-datenqualit%C3%A4t/vom-regal-zum-word-wide-web-die-entwicklung-von-normen-und-standards\"},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"misc\",\"type\":\"Government & Nonprofit\",\"title\":\"Le Matterhorn RDF Data Model: Description archivistique et Linked Open Data. Vers quelle convergence?\",\"shorttitle\":\"Alain Dubois, Tobias Wildi. Le Matterhorn RDF Data Model\",\"url\":\"https://www.slideshare.net/TobiasWildi/alain-dubois-tobias-wildi-le-matterhorn-rdf-data-model-description-archivistique-et-linked-open-data-vers-quelle-convergence-prsentation-au-forum-des-archivistes-5-avril-2019-saintetienne?from_m_app=ios\",\"abstract\":\"Approche généraliste du Matterhorn RDF Data Model: se fonder sur des\",\"language\":\"fr\",\"urldate\":\"2020-12-28\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Wildi\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Tobias\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Dubois\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Alain\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"May\",\"year\":\"2019\",\"bibtex\":\"@misc{wildi_matterhorn_2019,\\n\\ttype = {Government \\\\& {Nonprofit}},\\n\\ttitle = {Le {Matterhorn} {RDF} {Data} {Model}: {Description} archivistique et {Linked} {Open} {Data}. {Vers} quelle convergence?},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Alain {Dubois}, {Tobias} {Wildi}. {Le} {Matterhorn} {RDF} {Data} {Model}},\\n\\turl = {https://www.slideshare.net/TobiasWildi/alain-dubois-tobias-wildi-le-matterhorn-rdf-data-model-description-archivistique-et-linked-open-data-vers-quelle-convergence-prsentation-au-forum-des-archivistes-5-avril-2019-saintetienne?from_m_app=ios},\\n\\tabstract = {Approche généraliste du Matterhorn RDF Data Model: se\\nfonder sur des},\\n\\tlanguage = {fr},\\n\\turldate = {2020-12-28},\\n\\tauthor = {Wildi, Tobias and Dubois, Alain},\\n\\tmonth = may,\\n\\tyear = {2019},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Wildi, T.\",\"Dubois, A.\"],\"key\":\"wildi_matterhorn_2019\",\"id\":\"wildi_matterhorn_2019\",\"bibbaseid\":\"wildi-dubois-lematterhornrdfdatamodeldescriptionarchivistiqueetlinkedopendataversquelleconvergence-2019\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://www.slideshare.net/TobiasWildi/alain-dubois-tobias-wildi-le-matterhorn-rdf-data-model-description-archivistique-et-linked-open-data-vers-quelle-convergence-prsentation-au-forum-des-archivistes-5-avril-2019-saintetienne?from_m_app=ios\"},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"misc\",\"type\":\"misc\",\"title\":\"The IMS Open Corpus Workbench (CWB) CQP Query Language Tutorial\",\"url\":\"http://cwb.sourceforge.net/files/CQP_Tutorial.pdf\",\"urldate\":\"2021-06-01\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Evert\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Stefan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"firstnames\":[],\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"CWB Development Team\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"May\",\"year\":\"2020\",\"bibtex\":\"@misc{evert_ims_2020,\\n\\ttitle = {The {IMS} {Open} {Corpus} {Workbench} ({CWB}) {CQP} {Query} {Language} {Tutorial}},\\n\\turl = {http://cwb.sourceforge.net/files/CQP_Tutorial.pdf},\\n\\turldate = {2021-06-01},\\n\\tauthor = {Evert, Stefan and {CWB Development Team}},\\n\\tmonth = may,\\n\\tyear = {2020},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Evert, S.\",\"CWB Development Team\"],\"key\":\"evert_ims_2020\",\"id\":\"evert_ims_2020\",\"bibbaseid\":\"evert-cwbdevelopmentteam-theimsopencorpusworkbenchcwbcqpquerylanguagetutorial-2020\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"http://cwb.sourceforge.net/files/CQP_Tutorial.pdf\"},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Improving Data Quality by Rules: A Numismatic Example\",\"copyright\":\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/de/deed.de\",\"shorttitle\":\"Improving Data Quality by Rules\",\"url\":\"https://publikationen.uni-tuebingen.de/xmlui/handle/10900/101838\",\"doi\":\"10.15496/publikation-43217\",\"abstract\":\"The archaeological data dealt with in our database solution Antike Fundmünzen in Europa (AFE), which records finds of ancient coins, is entered by humans. Based on the Linked Open Data (LOD) approach, we link our data to Nomisma.org concepts, as well as to other resources like Online Coins of the Roman Empire (OCRE). Since information such as denomination, material, etc. is recorded for each single coin, this information should be identical for coins of the same type. Unfortunately, this is not always the case, mostly due to human errors. Based on rules that we implemented, we were able to make use of this redundant information in order to detect possible errors within AFE, and were even able to correct errors in Nomimsa.org. However, the approach had the weakness that it was necessary to transform the data into an internal data model. In a second step, we therefore developed our rules within the Linked Open Data world. The rules can now be applied to datasets following the Nomisma. org modelling approach, as we demonstrated with data held by Corpus Nummorum Thracorum (CNT). We believe that the use of methods like this to increase the data quality of individual databases, as well as across different data sources and up to the higher levels of OCRE and Nomisma.org, is mandatory in order to increase trust in them.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"urldate\":\"2021-06-01\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Tolle\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Karsten\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Wigg-Wolf\"],\"firstnames\":[\"David\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"November\",\"year\":\"2020\",\"note\":\"Accepted: 2020-06-24T12:40:04Z Publisher: Universität Tübingen\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{tolle_improving_2020,\\n\\ttitle = {Improving {Data} {Quality} by {Rules}: {A} {Numismatic} {Example}},\\n\\tcopyright = {http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/de/deed.de},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Improving {Data} {Quality} by {Rules}},\\n\\turl = {https://publikationen.uni-tuebingen.de/xmlui/handle/10900/101838},\\n\\tdoi = {10.15496/publikation-43217},\\n\\tabstract = {The archaeological data dealt with in our database solution Antike Fundmünzen \\nin Europa (AFE), which records finds of ancient coins, is entered by \\nhumans. Based on the Linked Open Data (LOD) approach, we link our data \\nto Nomisma.org concepts, as well as to other resources like Online Coins of \\nthe Roman Empire (OCRE). Since information such as denomination, material, \\netc. is recorded for each single coin, this information should be identical for \\ncoins of the same type. Unfortunately, this is not always the case, mostly due to \\nhuman errors. Based on rules that we implemented, we were able to make use of \\nthis redundant information in order to detect possible errors within AFE, and \\nwere even able to correct errors in Nomimsa.org. However, the approach had \\nthe weakness that it was necessary to transform the data into an internal data \\nmodel. In a second step, we therefore developed our rules within the Linked \\nOpen Data world. The rules can now be applied to datasets following the Nomisma. \\norg modelling approach, as we demonstrated with data held by Corpus \\nNummorum Thracorum (CNT). We believe that the use of methods like this to \\nincrease the data quality of individual databases, as well as across different data \\nsources and up to the higher levels of OCRE and Nomisma.org, is mandatory in \\norder to increase trust in them.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\turldate = {2021-06-01},\\n\\tauthor = {Tolle, Karsten and Wigg-Wolf, David},\\n\\tmonth = nov,\\n\\tyear = {2020},\\n\\tnote = {Accepted: 2020-06-24T12:40:04Z\\nPublisher: Universität Tübingen},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Tolle, K.\",\"Wigg-Wolf, D.\"],\"key\":\"tolle_improving_2020\",\"id\":\"tolle_improving_2020\",\"bibbaseid\":\"tolle-wiggwolf-improvingdataqualitybyrulesanumismaticexample-2020\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://publikationen.uni-tuebingen.de/xmlui/handle/10900/101838\"},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Archival Linked (Open) Data: Empfehlungen für bestehende Metadaten und Massnahmen für die Zukunft am Fallbeispiel des Schweizerischen Sozialarchivs\",\"volume\":\"6\",\"copyright\":\"Copyright (c) 2020 Fabian Würtz\",\"issn\":\"2297-9069\",\"shorttitle\":\"Archival Linked (Open) Data\",\"url\":\"https://bop.unibe.ch/iw/article/view/7083\",\"doi\":\"10.18755/iw.2020.17\",\"abstract\":\"Eine Kernaufgabe der Archive ist die Erschliessung des Archivguts. Bisher wurden Archivbestände meist als hierarchische und isolierte Einheiten verzeichnet. Die zunehmende Digitalisierung, neue Fachbereiche wie die Digital Humanities oder Entwicklungen wie das Semantic Web bzw. Linked Open Data haben jedoch neue Ideen in die Archivwelt getragen. Einer der deutlichsten Vorboten dieser neuen Welt ist Records in Context (RiC). Der neue Verzeichnungsstandard des wichtigen International Council on Archives (ICA) ist konzeptionell auf Linked Open Data und das Semantic Web ausgerichtet. Doch was bedeutet es für die Archive, wenn aus den bisher isolierten Beständen verlinkte und maschinenlesbare Netzwerke entstehen sollen? Wie sollen archivalische Metadaten und Datenmodelle in Linked Open Data aussehen und an welche Qualitätsansprüche sollen diese neu berücksichtigen?Um diese Fragen zu beantworten hat die Arbeit das Konzept und die Technologien die Linked Open Data zugrunde liegen vorgestellt. Danach wurden Qualitätsmerkmale für Linked Open Data zusammengetragen und der momentane Stand von Linked Open Data im Archivbereich beleuchtet. Dabei wurde unter anderem bereits existierende Ansätze und Anwendungen aus dem Archivbereich vorgestellt und mit den Qualitätsmerkmalen verglichen. Die Überprüfung der Praxistauglichkeit der Qualitätsmerkmale erfolgte am Fallbeispiel der Metadaten des Schweizerischen Sozialarchivs.Auf Basis der erarbeitenden Resultate spricht die Arbeit eine Reihe von Empfehlungen aus. Diese richten sich an Archive, die sich mit dem Thema Linked Open Data beschäftigen oder eine Anwendung in diesem Bereich planen.\",\"language\":\"de\",\"number\":\"1\",\"urldate\":\"2021-03-17\",\"journal\":\"Informationswissenschaft: Theorie, Methode und Praxis\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Würtz\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Fabian\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"July\",\"year\":\"2020\",\"note\":\"Number: 1\",\"pages\":\"312–423\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{wurtz_archival_2020,\\n\\ttitle = {Archival {Linked} ({Open}) {Data}: {Empfehlungen} für bestehende {Metadaten} und {Massnahmen} für die {Zukunft} am {Fallbeispiel} des {Schweizerischen} {Sozialarchivs}},\\n\\tvolume = {6},\\n\\tcopyright = {Copyright (c) 2020 Fabian Würtz},\\n\\tissn = {2297-9069},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Archival {Linked} ({Open}) {Data}},\\n\\turl = {https://bop.unibe.ch/iw/article/view/7083},\\n\\tdoi = {10.18755/iw.2020.17},\\n\\tabstract = {Eine Kernaufgabe der Archive ist die Erschliessung des Archivguts. Bisher wurden Archivbestände meist als hierarchische und isolierte Einheiten verzeichnet. Die zunehmende Digitalisierung, neue Fachbereiche wie die Digital Humanities oder Entwicklungen wie das Semantic Web bzw. Linked Open Data haben jedoch neue Ideen in die Archivwelt getragen. Einer der deutlichsten Vorboten dieser neuen Welt ist Records in Context (RiC). Der neue Verzeichnungsstandard des wichtigen International Council on Archives (ICA) ist konzeptionell auf Linked Open Data und das Semantic Web ausgerichtet. Doch was bedeutet es für die Archive, wenn aus den bisher isolierten Beständen verlinkte und maschinenlesbare Netzwerke entstehen sollen? Wie sollen archivalische Metadaten und Datenmodelle in Linked Open Data aussehen und an welche Qualitätsansprüche sollen diese neu berücksichtigen?Um diese Fragen zu beantworten hat die Arbeit das Konzept und die Technologien die Linked Open Data zugrunde liegen vorgestellt. Danach wurden Qualitätsmerkmale für Linked Open Data zusammengetragen und der momentane Stand von Linked Open Data im Archivbereich beleuchtet. Dabei wurde unter anderem bereits existierende Ansätze und Anwendungen aus dem Archivbereich vorgestellt und mit den Qualitätsmerkmalen verglichen. Die Überprüfung der Praxistauglichkeit der Qualitätsmerkmale erfolgte am Fallbeispiel der Metadaten des Schweizerischen Sozialarchivs.Auf Basis der erarbeitenden Resultate spricht die Arbeit eine Reihe von Empfehlungen aus. Diese richten sich an Archive, die sich mit dem Thema Linked Open Data beschäftigen oder eine Anwendung in diesem Bereich planen.},\\n\\tlanguage = {de},\\n\\tnumber = {1},\\n\\turldate = {2021-03-17},\\n\\tjournal = {Informationswissenschaft: Theorie, Methode und Praxis},\\n\\tauthor = {Würtz, Fabian},\\n\\tmonth = jul,\\n\\tyear = {2020},\\n\\tnote = {Number: 1},\\n\\tpages = {312--423},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Würtz, F.\"],\"key\":\"wurtz_archival_2020\",\"id\":\"wurtz_archival_2020\",\"bibbaseid\":\"wrtz-archivallinkedopendataempfehlungenfrbestehendemetadatenundmassnahmenfrdiezukunftamfallbeispieldesschweizerischensozialarchivs-2020\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://bop.unibe.ch/iw/article/view/7083\"},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"downloads\":0,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"A challenge for historical research: Making data FAIR using a collaborative ontology management environment (OntoME)\",\"volume\":\"12\",\"issn\":\"22104968, 15700844\",\"shorttitle\":\"A challenge for historical research\",\"url\":\"https://www.medra.org/servlet/aliasResolver?alias=iospress&doi=10.3233/SW-200416\",\"doi\":\"10.3233/SW-200416\",\"abstract\":\"This paper addresses the issue of interoperability of data generated by historical research and heritage institutions in order to make them re-usable for new research agendas according to the FAIR principles. After introducing the symogih.org project’s ontology, it proposes a description of the essential aspects of the process of historical knowledge production. It then develops an epistemological and semantic analysis of conceptual data modelling applied to factual historical information, based on the foundational ontologies Constructive Descriptions and Situations and DOLCE, and discusses the reasons for adopting the CIDOC CRM as a core ontology for the field of historical research, but extending it with some relevant, missing high-level classes. Finally, it shows how collaborative data modelling carried out in the ontology management environment OntoME makes it possible to elaborate a communal fine-grained and adaptive ontology of the domain, provided an active research community engages in this process. With this in mind, the Data for history consortium was founded in 2017 and promotes the adoption of a shared conceptualization in the field of historical research.\",\"number\":\"2\",\"urldate\":\"2021-03-16\",\"journal\":\"Semantic Web\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Beretta\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Francesco\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"editor\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bikakis\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Antonis\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Markhoff\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Beatrice\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Mosca\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Alessandro\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jean\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Stephane\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hyvönen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Eero\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bikakis\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Antonis\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hyvonen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Eero\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jean\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Stéphane\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Markhoff\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Beatrice\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Mosca\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Alessandro\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"January\",\"year\":\"2021\",\"pages\":\"279–294\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{beretta_challenge_2021,\\n\\ttitle = {A challenge for historical research: {Making} data {FAIR} using a collaborative ontology management environment ({OntoME})},\\n\\tvolume = {12},\\n\\tissn = {22104968, 15700844},\\n\\tshorttitle = {A challenge for historical research},\\n\\turl = {https://www.medra.org/servlet/aliasResolver?alias=iospress&doi=10.3233/SW-200416},\\n\\tdoi = {10.3233/SW-200416},\\n\\tabstract = {This paper addresses the issue of interoperability of data generated by historical research and heritage institutions in order to make them re-usable for new research agendas according to the FAIR principles. After introducing the symogih.org project’s ontology, it proposes a description of the essential aspects of the process of historical knowledge production. It then develops an epistemological and semantic analysis of conceptual data modelling applied to factual historical information, based on the foundational ontologies Constructive Descriptions and Situations and DOLCE, and discusses the reasons for adopting the CIDOC CRM as a core ontology for the field of historical research, but extending it with some relevant, missing high-level classes. Finally, it shows how collaborative data modelling carried out in the ontology management environment OntoME makes it possible to elaborate a communal fine-grained and adaptive ontology of the domain, provided an active research community engages in this process. With this in mind, the Data for history consortium was founded in 2017 and promotes the adoption of a shared conceptualization in the field of historical research.},\\n\\tnumber = {2},\\n\\turldate = {2021-03-16},\\n\\tjournal = {Semantic Web},\\n\\tauthor = {Beretta, Francesco},\\n\\teditor = {Bikakis, Antonis and Markhoff, Beatrice and Mosca, Alessandro and Jean, Stephane and Hyvönen, Eero and Bikakis, Antonis and Hyvonen, Eero and Jean, Stéphane and Markhoff, Beatrice and Mosca, Alessandro},\\n\\tmonth = jan,\\n\\tyear = {2021},\\n\\tpages = {279--294},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Beretta, F.\"],\"editor_short\":[\"Bikakis, A.\",\"Markhoff, B.\",\"Mosca, A.\",\"Jean, S.\",\"Hyvönen, E.\",\"Bikakis, A.\",\"Hyvonen, E.\",\"Jean, S.\",\"Markhoff, B.\",\"Mosca, A.\"],\"key\":\"beretta_challenge_2021\",\"id\":\"beretta_challenge_2021\",\"bibbaseid\":\"beretta-achallengeforhistoricalresearchmakingdatafairusingacollaborativeontologymanagementenvironmentontome-2021\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://www.medra.org/servlet/aliasResolver?alias=iospress&doi=10.3233/SW-200416\"},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"downloads\":0,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"incollection\",\"type\":\"incollection\",\"title\":\"The Content of Accounts and Registers in their Digital Edition. XML/TEI, Spreadsheets, and Semantic Web Technologies\",\"booktitle\":\"Konzeptionelle Überlegungen zur Edition von Rechnungen und Amtsbüchern des späten Mittelalters\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Vogeler\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Georg\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2016\",\"pages\":\"13–42\",\"bibtex\":\"@incollection{vogeler_content_2016,\\n\\ttitle = {The {Content} of {Accounts} and {Registers} in their {Digital} {Edition}. {XML}/{TEI}, {Spreadsheets}, and {Semantic} {Web} {Technologies}},\\n\\tbooktitle = {Konzeptionelle Überlegungen zur {Edition} von {Rechnungen} und {Amtsbüchern} des späten {Mittelalters}},\\n\\tauthor = {Vogeler, Georg},\\n\\tyear = {2016},\\n\\tpages = {13--42},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Vogeler, G.\"],\"key\":\"vogeler_content_2016\",\"id\":\"vogeler_content_2016\",\"bibbaseid\":\"vogeler-thecontentofaccountsandregistersintheirdigitaleditionxmlteispreadsheetsandsemanticwebtechnologies-2016\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"downloads\":0,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"inproceedings\",\"type\":\"inproceedings\",\"title\":\"A Linked Open Data Service and Portal for Pre-modern Manuscript Research\",\"url\":\"https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/a-linked-open-data-service-and-portal-for-pre-modern-manuscript-r\",\"language\":\"English\",\"urldate\":\"2019-09-05\",\"booktitle\":\"Digital Humanities in Nordic Countries: Proceedings of the Digital Humanities in the Nordic Countries 4th Conference\",\"publisher\":\"CEUR-WS.org\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hyvönen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Eero\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ikkala\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Esko\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Tuominen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jouni\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Koho\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Mikko\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Burrows\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Toby\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ransom\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Lynn\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Wijsman\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Hanno\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2019\",\"pages\":\"220–229\",\"bibtex\":\"@inproceedings{hyvonen_linked_2019,\\n\\ttitle = {A {Linked} {Open} {Data} {Service} and {Portal} for {Pre}-modern {Manuscript} {Research}},\\n\\turl = {https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/a-linked-open-data-service-and-portal-for-pre-modern-manuscript-r},\\n\\tlanguage = {English},\\n\\turldate = {2019-09-05},\\n\\tbooktitle = {Digital {Humanities} in {Nordic} {Countries}: {Proceedings} of the {Digital} {Humanities} in the {Nordic} {Countries} 4th {Conference}},\\n\\tpublisher = {CEUR-WS.org},\\n\\tauthor = {Hyvönen, Eero and Ikkala, Esko and Tuominen, Jouni and Koho, Mikko and Burrows, Toby and Ransom, Lynn and Wijsman, Hanno},\\n\\tyear = {2019},\\n\\tpages = {220--229},\\n}\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Hyvönen, E.\",\"Ikkala, E.\",\"Tuominen, J.\",\"Koho, M.\",\"Burrows, T.\",\"Ransom, L.\",\"Wijsman, H.\"],\"key\":\"hyvonen_linked_2019\",\"id\":\"hyvonen_linked_2019\",\"bibbaseid\":\"hyvnen-ikkala-tuominen-koho-burrows-ransom-wijsman-alinkedopendataserviceandportalforpremodernmanuscriptresearch-2019\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/a-linked-open-data-service-and-portal-for-pre-modern-manuscript-r\"},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"downloads\":0,\"html\":\"\"}],\n      metadata: {\"authorlinks\":{}},\n      ownerID: undefined\n    };\n  </script>\n\n  <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n  var site$;\n  if (typeof $ != 'undefined') {\n    console.log('existing jquery: storing and then restoring');\n    site$ = $;\n    $ = null;\n  }\n  </script>\n\n  <script src=\"https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.2.4/jquery.min.js\">\n  </script>\n  <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n  if (site$) {\n    console.log('existing jquery: avoiding conflict and restoring');\n    bb$ = $.noConflict(true);\n    $ = site$;\n  } else {\n    bb$ = $;\n  }\n  </script>\n\n  <script src=\"//bibbase.org/js/bibbase.min.js\"\n          type=\"text/javascript\">\n  </script>\n\n  <script type=\"text/javascript\"\n          src=\"https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.1/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML\">\n  </script>\n  <script type=\"text/x-mathjax-config\">\n    MathJax.Hub.Config({tex2jax: {inlineMath: [['$','$'], ['\\\\(','\\\\)']]},\n                        skipTags: [\"body\"],\n                        processClass: \"bibbase_paper\"});\n  </script>\n\n  <style>\n  @media print {\n    .dontprint {\n        display: none !important;\n    }\n\n  .bibbase_group {\n    background-color: #E0E0E0;\n    font-style: italic;\n    font-size: larger;\n    text-shadow: 0px 0px 3px #FFFFFF;\n    border-radius: 4px 4px 4px 4px;\n    -moz-border-radius: 4px 4px 4px 4px;\n    -webkit-border-radius: 4px;\n    padding: 5px 40px 5px;\n    margin-top: 10px;\n    margin-bottom: 5px;\n    cursor: pointer;\n  }\n\n  .bibbase_paper {\n    margin-bottom: 5px;\n  }\n\n  }\n  </style>\n\n  \n  <div style=\"float: right; margin-right: 10px; margin-top: 10px; text-align: right; font-size: 12px\">\n    generated by\n    <a href=\"//bibbase.org\"\n       onclick=\"trackOutboundLink('bibbase', 'logo clicked', window.location.href, '//bibbase.org'); return false;\">\n      <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/logo.svg\"\n           style=\"vertical-align: middle; margin-left: 3px; height: 16px;\"/\n           alt=\"bibbase.org\"\n           title=\"BibBase – The easiest way to maintain your publications page.\"\n        ></a>\n    \n  </div>\n  \n\n  <div id=\"bibbase_header\" class=\"dontprint\" style=\"\">\n\n    <ul class=\"nav nav-pills\" style=\"margin: 0px;\">\n\n      <li class=\"dropdown\" id=\"groupby_dropdown\">\n      <a class=\"dropdown-toggle\"\n         data-toggle=\"dropdown\"\n         href=\"#\">\n          Group by\n          <b class=\"caret\"></b>\n      </a>\n      <ul class=\"dropdown-menu\">\n        <li class=\"groupby year\"><a onclick=\"groupby('year')\">\n            Year</a>\n        </li>\n        <li class=\"groupby author\"><a onclick=\"groupby('author_short')\">\n            Author</a>\n        </li>\n        <li class=\"groupby type\"><a onclick=\"groupby('type')\">\n            Type</a>\n        </li>\n        <li class=\"groupby keyword\"><a onclick=\"groupby('keyword')\">\n            Keyword</a>\n        </li>\n        <li class=\"groupby downloads\"><a onclick=\"groupby('downloads')\">\n            Downloads</a>\n        </li>\n      </ul>\n      </li>\n\n\n      <li class=\"dropdown\" id=\"menu_dropdown\">\n      <a class=\"dropdown-toggle\"\n         data-toggle=\"dropdown\"\n         href=\"#\" alt=\"controls\">\n          <i class=\"fa fa-reorder\" alt=\"controls\"></i>\n          <b class=\"caret\"></b>\n      </a>\n      <ul class=\"dropdown-menu\">\n        <li>\n          <a onclick=\"toggleAll()\">\n            <i class=\"fa fa-chevron-down fa-fw\"></i> Expand/Collapse All\n          </a>\n        </li>\n        <li>\n          <a download=\"items\" href=\"data:text/bibtex;base64,@inproceedings{le_boeuf_basic_2015,
	address = {Cape Town, South Africa},
	title = {A {Basic} {Introduction} to {FRBROO} and {PRESSOO}},
	url = {https://library.ifla.org/id/eprint/1150/},
	abstract = {In addition to FRBR, FRAD, and FRSAD, two conceptual models for bibliographic information were
developed these last years: FRBROO (a reformulation of the FRBR/FRAD/FRSAD models) and
PRESSOO (more specifically devoted to bibliographic information about continuing resources). This
paper provides the explanation that is necessary for a good understanding of the formalism used in
these two models. It then shows how some of the basic constructs of FRBR/FRAD/FRSAD are
rendered in the FRBROO model. In a very brief third section, it highlights some core aspects of
PRESSOO.
Keywords: FRBROO, PRESSOO, CIDOC CRM, Conceptual models for cultural heritage information},
	booktitle = {{IFLA} {WLIC} 201, {Session} 207 - {Cataloguing}},
	author = {Le Boeuf, Patrick},
	year = {2015},
	keywords = {CIDOC CRM, Conceptual models for cultural heritage information, FRBRoo, PRESSoo},
}



@incollection{clavaud_ica_2021,
	title = {{ICA} {Records} in {Contexts}-{Ontology} ({RiC}-{O}): a {Semantic} {Framework} for {Describing} {Archival} {Resources}},
	shorttitle = {{ICA} {Records} in {Contexts}-{Ontology} ({RiC}-{O})},
	url = {https://enc.hal.science/hal-03965776},
	abstract = {This article gives an overview of the new Records in Contexts Ontology (RiC-O), which is available at https://www.ica.org/standards/RiC/ontology. This ontology is part of the Records in Contexts (RiC) standard, which has been developed by the International Council on Archives to describe and contextualize archival resources in a comprehensible way that goes beyond the possibilities of the existing archival standards. The article explains the rationale for developing a new standard for archival description, and particularly the ontology. It provides a quick overview of the RiC Conceptual Model and then focuses on RiC-O, its design principles and content and giving references to more precise documentation that is publicly available online. Finally, it presents the roadmap and future perspectives of RiC.},
	language = {en},
	urldate = {2023-08-18},
	author = {Clavaud, Florence and Wildi, Tobias},
	year = {2021},
	pages = {p. 79},
}



@incollection{bruseker_cultural_2017,
	address = {Cham},
	series = {Quantitative {Methods} in the {Humanities} and {Social} {Sciences}},
	title = {Cultural {Heritage} {Data} {Management}: {The} {Role} of {Formal} {Ontology} and {CIDOC} {CRM}},
	isbn = {978-3-319-65370-9},
	shorttitle = {Cultural {Heritage} {Data} {Management}},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65370-9_6},
	abstract = {Building models for integrating the diverse data generated in Cultural Heritage disciplines is a long-term challenge both for securing presently generated knowledge and for making it progressively more widely accessible and interoperable into the future. This chapter reviews the multiple approaches undertaken to address this problem, finally proposing CIDOC CRM as the most robust solution for information integration in CH. The chapter begins by outlining the data challenge specific to the field and the main approaches that can be taken in facing it. Within this frame, it distinguishes knowledge engineering and formal ontology from other information modelling techniques as the necessary approach for tackling the broader data integration problem. It then outlines the basic principles of CIDOC CRM, the ISO standard formal ontology for CH. From there, an overview is given of some of the work that has been done both theoretically and in practice over the past five years in developing and implementing CRM as a practical data integration strategy in CH, particularly looking at model extensions to handle knowledge provenance across various disciplines and typical documentation and reasoning activities, as well as at successful implementation projects. Lastly, it summarizes the present potentials and challenges for using CIDOC CRM for solving the CH data management and integration puzzle. The intended audience of this chapter are specialists from all backgrounds within the broader domain of CH with an interest in data integration and CIDOC CRM.},
	language = {en},
	urldate = {2023-08-18},
	booktitle = {Heritage and {Archaeology} in the {Digital} {Age}: {Acquisition}, {Curation}, and {Dissemination} of {Spatial} {Cultural} {Heritage} {Data}},
	publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
	author = {Bruseker, George and Carboni, Nicola and Guillem, Anaïs},
	editor = {Vincent, Matthew L. and López-Menchero Bendicho, Víctor Manuel and Ioannides, Marinos and Levy, Thomas E.},
	year = {2017},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-65370-9_6},
	pages = {93--131},
}



@book{leonelli_philosophy_2023,
	address = {Cambridge},
	series = {Elements in the {Philosophy} of {Science}},
	title = {Philosophy of {Open} {Science}},
	isbn = {978-1-00-941639-9},
	url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/elements/philosophy-of-open-science/0D049ECF635F3B676C03C6868873E406},
	publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
	author = {Leonelli, Sabina},
	year = {2023},
	doi = {10.1017/9781009416368},
}



@article{hawkins_archives_2021,
	title = {Archives, linked data and the digital humanities: increasing access to digitised and born-digital archives via the semantic web},
	issn = {1573-7500},
	shorttitle = {Archives, linked data and the digital humanities},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10502-021-09381-0},
	doi = {10.1007/s10502-021-09381-0},
	abstract = {Mass digitisation and the exponential growth of born-digital archives over the past two decades have resulted in an enormous volume of archives and archival data being available digitally. This has produced a valuable but under-utilised source of large-scale digital data ripe for interrogation by scholars and practitioners in the Digital Humanities. However, current digitisation approaches fall short of the requirements of digital humanists for structured, integrated, interoperable, and interrogable data. Linked Data provides a viable means of producing such data, creating machine-readable archival data suited to analysis using digital humanities research methods. While a growing body of archival scholarship and praxis has explored Linked Data, its potential to open up digitised and born-digital archives to the Digital Humanities is under-examined. This article approaches Archival Linked Data from the perspective of the Digital Humanities, extrapolating from both archival and digital humanities Linked Data scholarship to identify the benefits to digital humanists of the production and provision of access to Archival Linked Data. It will consider some of the current barriers preventing digital humanists from being able to experience the benefits of Archival Linked Data evidenced, and to fully utilise archives which have been made available digitally. The article argues for increased collaboration between the two disciplines, challenges individuals and institutions to engage with Linked Data, and suggests the incorporation of AI and low-barrier tools such as Wikidata into the Linked Data production workflow in order to scale up the production of Archival Linked Data as a means of increasing access to and utilisation of digitised and born-digital archives.},
	language = {en},
	urldate = {2022-01-14},
	journal = {Archival Science},
	author = {Hawkins, Ashleigh},
	month = dec,
	year = {2021},
}



@incollection{vogeler_semantic_2020,
	address = {Norderstedt},
	title = {Das {Semantic} {Web} als {Giant} {Global} {Kontext}?},
	volume = {14},
	url = {http://www.uni-koeln.de/},
	abstract = {Unter dem Gesichtspunkt der „Rekontextualisierung“ erweist sich das Semantic Web als eine eigenartige textuelle Ausdrucksform, die als Prototyp einer digitalen Rekontextualisierung verstanden werden könnte: Es besteht konstitutiv aus Aussagen (Basisprinzip Triples), die über das Internet miteinander verknüpfbar sind (Basisprinzip IRI). Im Unterschied zum Hypertext sind die Aussagen aber hochgradig fragmentiert und formalisiert. Sie sind damit „digitaler“ als Hypertext, da sie weit stärker als dieser diskret konfiguriert sind. Zusätzlich sind sie einigen formallogischen Methoden zugänglich, welche die für einen Text notwendige Kohärenz erzeugen. Aus textlinguistischer Sicht könnte man also das Semantic Web nicht nur als „Giant Global Graph“ sondern auch als „Giant Global Text“ zu beschreiben versuchen. Damit wird der Begriff der Rekontextualisierung für die Verwendung des Semantic Web in den DH produktiv, weil er darauf hinweist, dass das Semantic Web nicht ohne menschliche Intervention Text produziert. Daraus ergibt sich aber auch eine »Unsichtbarkeit« des Semantic Web. Die Rekontextualisierung mit Methoden des Semantic Web kann deshalb auch darin bestehen, den „Giant Global Text“ mit jeweils neuen Paratexten zu versehen und so neue Rezeptionsformen zu ermöglichen.},
	language = {de},
	urldate = {2021-12-30},
	publisher = {BoD},
	author = {Vogeler, Georg},
	editor = {Meier-Vieracker, Simon and Viehhauser, Gabriel and Sahle, Patrick},
	year = {2020},
	note = {ISSN: 2197-6945
Num Pages: 14},
	pages = {55--70},
}



@article{gracy_archival_2015,
	title = {Archival {Description} and {Linked} {Data}: {A} {Preliminary} {Study} of {Opportunities} and {Implementation} {Challenges}},
	volume = {15},
	issn = {1389-0166, 1573-7519},
	shorttitle = {Archival description and linked data},
	url = {10.1007/s10502-014-9216-2},
	doi = {10.1007/s10502-014-9216-2},
	abstract = {This paper presents the results of a study to investigate how archives can connect their collections to related data sources through the use of Semantic Web technologies, specifically Linked Data. Questions explored included (a) What types of data currently available in archival surrogates such as Encoded Archival Description (EAD) finding aids and Machine-Readable Cataloging (MARC) records may be useful if converted to Linked Data? (b) For those potentially useful data points identified in archival surrogates, how might one align data structures found in those surrogates to the data structures of other relevant internal or external information sources? (c) What features of current standards and data structures present impediments or challenges that must be overcome in order to achieve interoperability among disparate data sources? To answer these questions, the researcher identified metadata elements of potential use as Linked Data in archival surrogates, as well as metadata element sets and vocabularies of data sets that could serve as pathways to relevant external data sources. Data sets chosen for the study included DBpedia and schema.org; metadata element sets examined included Friend of a Friend (FOAF), GeoNames, and Linking Open Description of Events (LODE). The researcher then aligned tags found in the EAD encoding standard to related classes and properties found in these Linked Data sources and metadata element sets. To investigate the third question about impediments to incorporating Linked Data in archival descriptions, the researcher analyzed the locations and frequencies at which controlled and uncontrolled access points (personal and family name, corporate name, geographic name, and genre/form entities) appeared in a sample of MARC and EAD archival descriptive records by using a combination of hand counts and the natural language processing (NLP) tool, OpenCalais. The results of the location and frequency analysis, combined with the results of the alignment process, helped the researcher identify several critical challenges currently impeding interoperability among archival information systems and relevant Linked Data sources, including differences in granularity between archival and other data source vocabularies, and inadequacies of current encoding standards to support semantic tagging of potential access points embedded in free text areas of archival surrogates.},
	language = {en},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2020-12-16},
	journal = {Archival Science},
	author = {Gracy, Karen F.},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {239--294},
}



@article{merzaghi_informationen_2017,
	title = {Informationen finden und {Wissen} verlinken: {Der} {Weg} der {Metadatenstandards} vom {Archivregal} zu den {Linked} {Data}},
	copyright = {Copyright ©2020 arbido.},
	url = {https://arbido.ch/de/ausgaben-artikel/2017/metadaten-datenqualit%C3%A4t/vom-regal-zum-word-wide-web-die-entwicklung-von-normen-und-standards},
	abstract = {Die Informatisierung der Archivarbeit hat die Notwendigkeit von Metadatenstandards aufgezeigt, denn die Metadaten ermöglichen es, analoge und elektronische…},
	language = {de},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2020-12-28},
	journal = {Arbido},
	author = {Merzaghi, Michele},
	year = {2017},
	note = {Archive Location: https://arbido.ch/de/
Publisher: arbido},
}



@misc{wildi_matterhorn_2019,
	type = {Government \& {Nonprofit}},
	title = {Le {Matterhorn} {RDF} {Data} {Model}: {Description} archivistique et {Linked} {Open} {Data}. {Vers} quelle convergence?},
	shorttitle = {Alain {Dubois}, {Tobias} {Wildi}. {Le} {Matterhorn} {RDF} {Data} {Model}},
	url = {https://www.slideshare.net/TobiasWildi/alain-dubois-tobias-wildi-le-matterhorn-rdf-data-model-description-archivistique-et-linked-open-data-vers-quelle-convergence-prsentation-au-forum-des-archivistes-5-avril-2019-saintetienne?from_m_app=ios},
	abstract = {Approche généraliste du Matterhorn RDF Data Model: se
fonder sur des},
	language = {fr},
	urldate = {2020-12-28},
	author = {Wildi, Tobias and Dubois, Alain},
	month = may,
	year = {2019},
}



@misc{evert_ims_2020,
	title = {The {IMS} {Open} {Corpus} {Workbench} ({CWB}) {CQP} {Query} {Language} {Tutorial}},
	url = {http://cwb.sourceforge.net/files/CQP_Tutorial.pdf},
	urldate = {2021-06-01},
	author = {Evert, Stefan and {CWB Development Team}},
	month = may,
	year = {2020},
}



@article{tolle_improving_2020,
	title = {Improving {Data} {Quality} by {Rules}: {A} {Numismatic} {Example}},
	copyright = {http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/de/deed.de},
	shorttitle = {Improving {Data} {Quality} by {Rules}},
	url = {https://publikationen.uni-tuebingen.de/xmlui/handle/10900/101838},
	doi = {10.15496/publikation-43217},
	abstract = {The archaeological data dealt with in our database solution Antike Fundmünzen 
in Europa (AFE), which records finds of ancient coins, is entered by 
humans. Based on the Linked Open Data (LOD) approach, we link our data 
to Nomisma.org concepts, as well as to other resources like Online Coins of 
the Roman Empire (OCRE). Since information such as denomination, material, 
etc. is recorded for each single coin, this information should be identical for 
coins of the same type. Unfortunately, this is not always the case, mostly due to 
human errors. Based on rules that we implemented, we were able to make use of 
this redundant information in order to detect possible errors within AFE, and 
were even able to correct errors in Nomimsa.org. However, the approach had 
the weakness that it was necessary to transform the data into an internal data 
model. In a second step, we therefore developed our rules within the Linked 
Open Data world. The rules can now be applied to datasets following the Nomisma. 
org modelling approach, as we demonstrated with data held by Corpus 
Nummorum Thracorum (CNT). We believe that the use of methods like this to 
increase the data quality of individual databases, as well as across different data 
sources and up to the higher levels of OCRE and Nomisma.org, is mandatory in 
order to increase trust in them.},
	language = {en},
	urldate = {2021-06-01},
	author = {Tolle, Karsten and Wigg-Wolf, David},
	month = nov,
	year = {2020},
	note = {Accepted: 2020-06-24T12:40:04Z
Publisher: Universität Tübingen},
}



@article{wurtz_archival_2020,
	title = {Archival {Linked} ({Open}) {Data}: {Empfehlungen} für bestehende {Metadaten} und {Massnahmen} für die {Zukunft} am {Fallbeispiel} des {Schweizerischen} {Sozialarchivs}},
	volume = {6},
	copyright = {Copyright (c) 2020 Fabian Würtz},
	issn = {2297-9069},
	shorttitle = {Archival {Linked} ({Open}) {Data}},
	url = {https://bop.unibe.ch/iw/article/view/7083},
	doi = {10.18755/iw.2020.17},
	abstract = {Eine Kernaufgabe der Archive ist die Erschliessung des Archivguts. Bisher wurden Archivbestände meist als hierarchische und isolierte Einheiten verzeichnet. Die zunehmende Digitalisierung, neue Fachbereiche wie die Digital Humanities oder Entwicklungen wie das Semantic Web bzw. Linked Open Data haben jedoch neue Ideen in die Archivwelt getragen. Einer der deutlichsten Vorboten dieser neuen Welt ist Records in Context (RiC). Der neue Verzeichnungsstandard des wichtigen International Council on Archives (ICA) ist konzeptionell auf Linked Open Data und das Semantic Web ausgerichtet. Doch was bedeutet es für die Archive, wenn aus den bisher isolierten Beständen verlinkte und maschinenlesbare Netzwerke entstehen sollen? Wie sollen archivalische Metadaten und Datenmodelle in Linked Open Data aussehen und an welche Qualitätsansprüche sollen diese neu berücksichtigen?Um diese Fragen zu beantworten hat die Arbeit das Konzept und die Technologien die Linked Open Data zugrunde liegen vorgestellt. Danach wurden Qualitätsmerkmale für Linked Open Data zusammengetragen und der momentane Stand von Linked Open Data im Archivbereich beleuchtet. Dabei wurde unter anderem bereits existierende Ansätze und Anwendungen aus dem Archivbereich vorgestellt und mit den Qualitätsmerkmalen verglichen. Die Überprüfung der Praxistauglichkeit der Qualitätsmerkmale erfolgte am Fallbeispiel der Metadaten des Schweizerischen Sozialarchivs.Auf Basis der erarbeitenden Resultate spricht die Arbeit eine Reihe von Empfehlungen aus. Diese richten sich an Archive, die sich mit dem Thema Linked Open Data beschäftigen oder eine Anwendung in diesem Bereich planen.},
	language = {de},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2021-03-17},
	journal = {Informationswissenschaft: Theorie, Methode und Praxis},
	author = {Würtz, Fabian},
	month = jul,
	year = {2020},
	note = {Number: 1},
	pages = {312--423},
}



@article{beretta_challenge_2021,
	title = {A challenge for historical research: {Making} data {FAIR} using a collaborative ontology management environment ({OntoME})},
	volume = {12},
	issn = {22104968, 15700844},
	shorttitle = {A challenge for historical research},
	url = {https://www.medra.org/servlet/aliasResolver?alias=iospress&doi=10.3233/SW-200416},
	doi = {10.3233/SW-200416},
	abstract = {This paper addresses the issue of interoperability of data generated by historical research and heritage institutions in order to make them re-usable for new research agendas according to the FAIR principles. After introducing the symogih.org project’s ontology, it proposes a description of the essential aspects of the process of historical knowledge production. It then develops an epistemological and semantic analysis of conceptual data modelling applied to factual historical information, based on the foundational ontologies Constructive Descriptions and Situations and DOLCE, and discusses the reasons for adopting the CIDOC CRM as a core ontology for the field of historical research, but extending it with some relevant, missing high-level classes. Finally, it shows how collaborative data modelling carried out in the ontology management environment OntoME makes it possible to elaborate a communal fine-grained and adaptive ontology of the domain, provided an active research community engages in this process. With this in mind, the Data for history consortium was founded in 2017 and promotes the adoption of a shared conceptualization in the field of historical research.},
	number = {2},
	urldate = {2021-03-16},
	journal = {Semantic Web},
	author = {Beretta, Francesco},
	editor = {Bikakis, Antonis and Markhoff, Beatrice and Mosca, Alessandro and Jean, Stephane and Hyvönen, Eero and Bikakis, Antonis and Hyvonen, Eero and Jean, Stéphane and Markhoff, Beatrice and Mosca, Alessandro},
	month = jan,
	year = {2021},
	pages = {279--294},
}



@incollection{vogeler_content_2016,
	title = {The {Content} of {Accounts} and {Registers} in their {Digital} {Edition}. {XML}/{TEI}, {Spreadsheets}, and {Semantic} {Web} {Technologies}},
	booktitle = {Konzeptionelle Überlegungen zur {Edition} von {Rechnungen} und {Amtsbüchern} des späten {Mittelalters}},
	author = {Vogeler, Georg},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {13--42},
}



@inproceedings{hyvonen_linked_2019,
	title = {A {Linked} {Open} {Data} {Service} and {Portal} for {Pre}-modern {Manuscript} {Research}},
	url = {https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/a-linked-open-data-service-and-portal-for-pre-modern-manuscript-r},
	language = {English},
	urldate = {2019-09-05},
	booktitle = {Digital {Humanities} in {Nordic} {Countries}: {Proceedings} of the {Digital} {Humanities} in the {Nordic} {Countries} 4th {Conference}},
	publisher = {CEUR-WS.org},
	author = {Hyvönen, Eero and Ikkala, Esko and Tuominen, Jouni and Koho, Mikko and Burrows, Toby and Ransom, Lynn and Wijsman, Hanno},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {220--229},
}
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In order to keep using Mendeley with BibBase past April\n        14th, you need to:\n        <ol>\n          <li>renew the authorization for BibBase on Mendeley, and</li>\n          <li>update the BibBase URL\n            in your page the same way you did when you initially set up\n            this page.\n          </li>\n        </ol>\n      </p>\n\n      <p>\n        <a href=\"http://bibbase.org/cgi-bin/mendeley2/get.py\">\n          <i class=\"fa fa-angle-double-right\"></i>\n          Fix it now</a>\n      </p>\n    </div>\n\n  </div>\n\n\n  <div id=\"bibbase_body\">\n    \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_Beretta__F_\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_Beretta__F_')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_Beretta__F_')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>Beretta, F.</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (1)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"beretta-achallengeforhistoricalresearchmakingdatafairusingacollaborativeontologymanagementenvironmentontome-2021\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"https://www.medra.org/servlet/aliasResolver?alias=iospress&amp;doi=10.3233/SW-200416\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'beretta-achallengeforhistoricalresearchmakingdatafairusingacollaborativeontologymanagementenvironmentontome-2021', 'https://www.medra.org/servlet/aliasResolver?alias=iospress&amp;doi=10.3233/SW-200416', event);\">\n    A challenge for historical research: Making data FAIR using a collaborative ontology management environment (OntoME).\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Beretta, F.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>Semantic Web</i>, 12(2): 279–294. January 2021.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"https://www.medra.org/servlet/aliasResolver?alias=iospress&amp;doi=10.3233/SW-200416\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('beretta-achallengeforhistoricalresearchmakingdatafairusingacollaborativeontologymanagementenvironmentontome-2021', 'https://www.medra.org/servlet/aliasResolver?alias=iospress&amp;doi=10.3233/SW-200416', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"A challenge for historical research: Making data FAIR using a collaborative ontology management environment (OntoME) [link]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.3233/SW-200416\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('beretta-achallengeforhistoricalresearchmakingdatafairusingacollaborativeontologymanagementenvironmentontome-2021', 'http://doi.org/10.3233/SW-200416', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/beretta-achallengeforhistoricalresearchmakingdatafairusingacollaborativeontologymanagementenvironmentontome-2021\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('beretta-achallengeforhistoricalresearchmakingdatafairusingacollaborativeontologymanagementenvironmentontome-2021')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{beretta_challenge_2021,\n\ttitle = {A challenge for historical research: {Making} data {FAIR} using a collaborative ontology management environment ({OntoME})},\n\tvolume = {12},\n\tissn = {22104968, 15700844},\n\tshorttitle = {A challenge for historical research},\n\turl = {https://www.medra.org/servlet/aliasResolver?alias=iospress&amp;doi=10.3233/SW-200416},\n\tdoi = {10.3233/SW-200416},\n\tabstract = {This paper addresses the issue of interoperability of data generated by historical research and heritage institutions in order to make them re-usable for new research agendas according to the FAIR principles. After introducing the symogih.org project’s ontology, it proposes a description of the essential aspects of the process of historical knowledge production. It then develops an epistemological and semantic analysis of conceptual data modelling applied to factual historical information, based on the foundational ontologies Constructive Descriptions and Situations and DOLCE, and discusses the reasons for adopting the CIDOC CRM as a core ontology for the field of historical research, but extending it with some relevant, missing high-level classes. Finally, it shows how collaborative data modelling carried out in the ontology management environment OntoME makes it possible to elaborate a communal fine-grained and adaptive ontology of the domain, provided an active research community engages in this process. With this in mind, the Data for history consortium was founded in 2017 and promotes the adoption of a shared conceptualization in the field of historical research.},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2021-03-16},\n\tjournal = {Semantic Web},\n\tauthor = {Beretta, Francesco},\n\teditor = {Bikakis, Antonis and Markhoff, Beatrice and Mosca, Alessandro and Jean, Stephane and Hyvönen, Eero and Bikakis, Antonis and Hyvonen, Eero and Jean, Stéphane and Markhoff, Beatrice and Mosca, Alessandro},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2021},\n\tpages = {279--294},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  This paper addresses the issue of interoperability of data generated by historical research and heritage institutions in order to make them re-usable for new research agendas according to the FAIR principles. After introducing the symogih.org project’s ontology, it proposes a description of the essential aspects of the process of historical knowledge production. It then develops an epistemological and semantic analysis of conceptual data modelling applied to factual historical information, based on the foundational ontologies Constructive Descriptions and Situations and DOLCE, and discusses the reasons for adopting the CIDOC CRM as a core ontology for the field of historical research, but extending it with some relevant, missing high-level classes. Finally, it shows how collaborative data modelling carried out in the ontology management environment OntoME makes it possible to elaborate a communal fine-grained and adaptive ontology of the domain, provided an active research community engages in this process. With this in mind, the Data for history consortium was founded in 2017 and promotes the adoption of a shared conceptualization in the field of historical research.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_Bruseker__G_\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_Bruseker__G_')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_Bruseker__G_')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>Bruseker, G.</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (1)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"bruseker-carboni-guillem-culturalheritagedatamanagementtheroleofformalontologyandcidoccrm-2017\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65370-9_6\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'bruseker-carboni-guillem-culturalheritagedatamanagementtheroleofformalontologyandcidoccrm-2017', 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65370-9_6', event);\">\n    Cultural Heritage Data Management: The Role of Formal Ontology and CIDOC CRM.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Bruseker, G.; Carboni, N.;  and Guillem, A.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  In Vincent, M. L.; López-Menchero Bendicho, V. M.; Ioannides, M.;  and Levy, T. E., editor(s), <i>Heritage and Archaeology in the Digital Age: Acquisition, Curation, and Dissemination of Spatial Cultural Heritage Data</i>, of Quantitative Methods in the Humanities and Social Sciences, pages 93–131. Springer International Publishing, Cham,  2017.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65370-9_6\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('bruseker-carboni-guillem-culturalheritagedatamanagementtheroleofformalontologyandcidoccrm-2017', 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65370-9_6', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"Cultural Heritage Data Management: The Role of Formal Ontology and CIDOC CRM [link]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65370-9_6\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('bruseker-carboni-guillem-culturalheritagedatamanagementtheroleofformalontologyandcidoccrm-2017', 'http://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65370-9_6', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/bruseker-carboni-guillem-culturalheritagedatamanagementtheroleofformalontologyandcidoccrm-2017\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('bruseker-carboni-guillem-culturalheritagedatamanagementtheroleofformalontologyandcidoccrm-2017')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@incollection{bruseker_cultural_2017,\n\taddress = {Cham},\n\tseries = {Quantitative {Methods} in the {Humanities} and {Social} {Sciences}},\n\ttitle = {Cultural {Heritage} {Data} {Management}: {The} {Role} of {Formal} {Ontology} and {CIDOC} {CRM}},\n\tisbn = {978-3-319-65370-9},\n\tshorttitle = {Cultural {Heritage} {Data} {Management}},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65370-9_6},\n\tabstract = {Building models for integrating the diverse data generated in Cultural Heritage disciplines is a long-term challenge both for securing presently generated knowledge and for making it progressively more widely accessible and interoperable into the future. This chapter reviews the multiple approaches undertaken to address this problem, finally proposing CIDOC CRM as the most robust solution for information integration in CH. The chapter begins by outlining the data challenge specific to the field and the main approaches that can be taken in facing it. Within this frame, it distinguishes knowledge engineering and formal ontology from other information modelling techniques as the necessary approach for tackling the broader data integration problem. It then outlines the basic principles of CIDOC CRM, the ISO standard formal ontology for CH. From there, an overview is given of some of the work that has been done both theoretically and in practice over the past five years in developing and implementing CRM as a practical data integration strategy in CH, particularly looking at model extensions to handle knowledge provenance across various disciplines and typical documentation and reasoning activities, as well as at successful implementation projects. Lastly, it summarizes the present potentials and challenges for using CIDOC CRM for solving the CH data management and integration puzzle. The intended audience of this chapter are specialists from all backgrounds within the broader domain of CH with an interest in data integration and CIDOC CRM.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2023-08-18},\n\tbooktitle = {Heritage and {Archaeology} in the {Digital} {Age}: {Acquisition}, {Curation}, and {Dissemination} of {Spatial} {Cultural} {Heritage} {Data}},\n\tpublisher = {Springer International Publishing},\n\tauthor = {Bruseker, George and Carboni, Nicola and Guillem, Anaïs},\n\teditor = {Vincent, Matthew L. and López-Menchero Bendicho, Víctor Manuel and Ioannides, Marinos and Levy, Thomas E.},\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tdoi = {10.1007/978-3-319-65370-9_6},\n\tpages = {93--131},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  Building models for integrating the diverse data generated in Cultural Heritage disciplines is a long-term challenge both for securing presently generated knowledge and for making it progressively more widely accessible and interoperable into the future. This chapter reviews the multiple approaches undertaken to address this problem, finally proposing CIDOC CRM as the most robust solution for information integration in CH. The chapter begins by outlining the data challenge specific to the field and the main approaches that can be taken in facing it. Within this frame, it distinguishes knowledge engineering and formal ontology from other information modelling techniques as the necessary approach for tackling the broader data integration problem. It then outlines the basic principles of CIDOC CRM, the ISO standard formal ontology for CH. From there, an overview is given of some of the work that has been done both theoretically and in practice over the past five years in developing and implementing CRM as a practical data integration strategy in CH, particularly looking at model extensions to handle knowledge provenance across various disciplines and typical documentation and reasoning activities, as well as at successful implementation projects. Lastly, it summarizes the present potentials and challenges for using CIDOC CRM for solving the CH data management and integration puzzle. The intended audience of this chapter are specialists from all backgrounds within the broader domain of CH with an interest in data integration and CIDOC CRM.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_Burrows__T_\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_Burrows__T_')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_Burrows__T_')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>Burrows, T.</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (1)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"hyvnen-ikkala-tuominen-koho-burrows-ransom-wijsman-alinkedopendataserviceandportalforpremodernmanuscriptresearch-2019\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/a-linked-open-data-service-and-portal-for-pre-modern-manuscript-r\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'hyvnen-ikkala-tuominen-koho-burrows-ransom-wijsman-alinkedopendataserviceandportalforpremodernmanuscriptresearch-2019', 'https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/a-linked-open-data-service-and-portal-for-pre-modern-manuscript-r', event);\">\n    A Linked Open Data Service and Portal for Pre-modern Manuscript Research.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Hyvönen, E.; Ikkala, E.; Tuominen, J.; Koho, M.; Burrows, T.; Ransom, L.;  and Wijsman, H.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  In <i>Digital Humanities in Nordic Countries: Proceedings of the Digital Humanities in the Nordic Countries 4th Conference</i>, pages 220–229,  2019. CEUR-WS.org\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/a-linked-open-data-service-and-portal-for-pre-modern-manuscript-r\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('hyvnen-ikkala-tuominen-koho-burrows-ransom-wijsman-alinkedopendataserviceandportalforpremodernmanuscriptresearch-2019', 'https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/a-linked-open-data-service-and-portal-for-pre-modern-manuscript-r', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"A Linked Open Data Service and Portal for Pre-modern Manuscript Research [link]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/hyvnen-ikkala-tuominen-koho-burrows-ransom-wijsman-alinkedopendataserviceandportalforpremodernmanuscriptresearch-2019\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('hyvnen-ikkala-tuominen-koho-burrows-ransom-wijsman-alinkedopendataserviceandportalforpremodernmanuscriptresearch-2019')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@inproceedings{hyvonen_linked_2019,\n\ttitle = {A {Linked} {Open} {Data} {Service} and {Portal} for {Pre}-modern {Manuscript} {Research}},\n\turl = {https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/a-linked-open-data-service-and-portal-for-pre-modern-manuscript-r},\n\tlanguage = {English},\n\turldate = {2019-09-05},\n\tbooktitle = {Digital {Humanities} in {Nordic} {Countries}: {Proceedings} of the {Digital} {Humanities} in the {Nordic} {Countries} 4th {Conference}},\n\tpublisher = {CEUR-WS.org},\n\tauthor = {Hyvönen, Eero and Ikkala, Esko and Tuominen, Jouni and Koho, Mikko and Burrows, Toby and Ransom, Lynn and Wijsman, Hanno},\n\tyear = {2019},\n\tpages = {220--229},\n}\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_CWB\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_CWB')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_CWB')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>CWB</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (1)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"evert-cwbdevelopmentteam-theimsopencorpusworkbenchcwbcqpquerylanguagetutorial-2020\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"http://cwb.sourceforge.net/files/CQP_Tutorial.pdf\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'evert-cwbdevelopmentteam-theimsopencorpusworkbenchcwbcqpquerylanguagetutorial-2020', 'http://cwb.sourceforge.net/files/CQP_Tutorial.pdf', event);\">\n    The IMS Open Corpus Workbench (CWB) CQP Query Language Tutorial.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Evert, S.;  and CWB Development Team\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  May 2020.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://cwb.sourceforge.net/files/CQP_Tutorial.pdf\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('evert-cwbdevelopmentteam-theimsopencorpusworkbenchcwbcqpquerylanguagetutorial-2020', 'http://cwb.sourceforge.net/files/CQP_Tutorial.pdf', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/pdf.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"The IMS Open Corpus Workbench (CWB) CQP Query Language Tutorial [pdf]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/evert-cwbdevelopmentteam-theimsopencorpusworkbenchcwbcqpquerylanguagetutorial-2020\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('evert-cwbdevelopmentteam-theimsopencorpusworkbenchcwbcqpquerylanguagetutorial-2020')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@misc{evert_ims_2020,\n\ttitle = {The {IMS} {Open} {Corpus} {Workbench} ({CWB}) {CQP} {Query} {Language} {Tutorial}},\n\turl = {http://cwb.sourceforge.net/files/CQP_Tutorial.pdf},\n\turldate = {2021-06-01},\n\tauthor = {Evert, Stefan and {CWB Development Team}},\n\tmonth = may,\n\tyear = {2020},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_Carboni__N_\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_Carboni__N_')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_Carboni__N_')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>Carboni, N.</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (1)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"bruseker-carboni-guillem-culturalheritagedatamanagementtheroleofformalontologyandcidoccrm-2017\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65370-9_6\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'bruseker-carboni-guillem-culturalheritagedatamanagementtheroleofformalontologyandcidoccrm-2017', 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65370-9_6', event);\">\n    Cultural Heritage Data Management: The Role of Formal Ontology and CIDOC CRM.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Bruseker, G.; Carboni, N.;  and Guillem, A.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  In Vincent, M. L.; López-Menchero Bendicho, V. M.; Ioannides, M.;  and Levy, T. E., editor(s), <i>Heritage and Archaeology in the Digital Age: Acquisition, Curation, and Dissemination of Spatial Cultural Heritage Data</i>, of Quantitative Methods in the Humanities and Social Sciences, pages 93–131. Springer International Publishing, Cham,  2017.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65370-9_6\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('bruseker-carboni-guillem-culturalheritagedatamanagementtheroleofformalontologyandcidoccrm-2017', 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65370-9_6', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"Cultural Heritage Data Management: The Role of Formal Ontology and CIDOC CRM [link]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65370-9_6\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('bruseker-carboni-guillem-culturalheritagedatamanagementtheroleofformalontologyandcidoccrm-2017', 'http://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65370-9_6', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/bruseker-carboni-guillem-culturalheritagedatamanagementtheroleofformalontologyandcidoccrm-2017\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('bruseker-carboni-guillem-culturalheritagedatamanagementtheroleofformalontologyandcidoccrm-2017')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@incollection{bruseker_cultural_2017,\n\taddress = {Cham},\n\tseries = {Quantitative {Methods} in the {Humanities} and {Social} {Sciences}},\n\ttitle = {Cultural {Heritage} {Data} {Management}: {The} {Role} of {Formal} {Ontology} and {CIDOC} {CRM}},\n\tisbn = {978-3-319-65370-9},\n\tshorttitle = {Cultural {Heritage} {Data} {Management}},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65370-9_6},\n\tabstract = {Building models for integrating the diverse data generated in Cultural Heritage disciplines is a long-term challenge both for securing presently generated knowledge and for making it progressively more widely accessible and interoperable into the future. This chapter reviews the multiple approaches undertaken to address this problem, finally proposing CIDOC CRM as the most robust solution for information integration in CH. The chapter begins by outlining the data challenge specific to the field and the main approaches that can be taken in facing it. Within this frame, it distinguishes knowledge engineering and formal ontology from other information modelling techniques as the necessary approach for tackling the broader data integration problem. It then outlines the basic principles of CIDOC CRM, the ISO standard formal ontology for CH. From there, an overview is given of some of the work that has been done both theoretically and in practice over the past five years in developing and implementing CRM as a practical data integration strategy in CH, particularly looking at model extensions to handle knowledge provenance across various disciplines and typical documentation and reasoning activities, as well as at successful implementation projects. Lastly, it summarizes the present potentials and challenges for using CIDOC CRM for solving the CH data management and integration puzzle. The intended audience of this chapter are specialists from all backgrounds within the broader domain of CH with an interest in data integration and CIDOC CRM.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2023-08-18},\n\tbooktitle = {Heritage and {Archaeology} in the {Digital} {Age}: {Acquisition}, {Curation}, and {Dissemination} of {Spatial} {Cultural} {Heritage} {Data}},\n\tpublisher = {Springer International Publishing},\n\tauthor = {Bruseker, George and Carboni, Nicola and Guillem, Anaïs},\n\teditor = {Vincent, Matthew L. and López-Menchero Bendicho, Víctor Manuel and Ioannides, Marinos and Levy, Thomas E.},\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tdoi = {10.1007/978-3-319-65370-9_6},\n\tpages = {93--131},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  Building models for integrating the diverse data generated in Cultural Heritage disciplines is a long-term challenge both for securing presently generated knowledge and for making it progressively more widely accessible and interoperable into the future. This chapter reviews the multiple approaches undertaken to address this problem, finally proposing CIDOC CRM as the most robust solution for information integration in CH. The chapter begins by outlining the data challenge specific to the field and the main approaches that can be taken in facing it. Within this frame, it distinguishes knowledge engineering and formal ontology from other information modelling techniques as the necessary approach for tackling the broader data integration problem. It then outlines the basic principles of CIDOC CRM, the ISO standard formal ontology for CH. From there, an overview is given of some of the work that has been done both theoretically and in practice over the past five years in developing and implementing CRM as a practical data integration strategy in CH, particularly looking at model extensions to handle knowledge provenance across various disciplines and typical documentation and reasoning activities, as well as at successful implementation projects. Lastly, it summarizes the present potentials and challenges for using CIDOC CRM for solving the CH data management and integration puzzle. The intended audience of this chapter are specialists from all backgrounds within the broader domain of CH with an interest in data integration and CIDOC CRM.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_Clavaud__F_\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_Clavaud__F_')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_Clavaud__F_')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>Clavaud, F.</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (1)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"clavaud-wildi-icarecordsincontextsontologyricoasemanticframeworkfordescribingarchivalresources-2021\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"https://enc.hal.science/hal-03965776\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'clavaud-wildi-icarecordsincontextsontologyricoasemanticframeworkfordescribingarchivalresources-2021', 'https://enc.hal.science/hal-03965776', event);\">\n    ICA Records in Contexts-Ontology (RiC-O): a Semantic Framework for Describing Archival Resources.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Clavaud, F.;  and Wildi, T.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  In pages p. 79.  2021.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"https://enc.hal.science/hal-03965776\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('clavaud-wildi-icarecordsincontextsontologyricoasemanticframeworkfordescribingarchivalresources-2021', 'https://enc.hal.science/hal-03965776', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"ICA Records in Contexts-Ontology (RiC-O): a Semantic Framework for Describing Archival Resources [link]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/clavaud-wildi-icarecordsincontextsontologyricoasemanticframeworkfordescribingarchivalresources-2021\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('clavaud-wildi-icarecordsincontextsontologyricoasemanticframeworkfordescribingarchivalresources-2021')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@incollection{clavaud_ica_2021,\n\ttitle = {{ICA} {Records} in {Contexts}-{Ontology} ({RiC}-{O}): a {Semantic} {Framework} for {Describing} {Archival} {Resources}},\n\tshorttitle = {{ICA} {Records} in {Contexts}-{Ontology} ({RiC}-{O})},\n\turl = {https://enc.hal.science/hal-03965776},\n\tabstract = {This article gives an overview of the new Records in Contexts Ontology (RiC-O), which is available at https://www.ica.org/standards/RiC/ontology. This ontology is part of the Records in Contexts (RiC) standard, which has been developed by the International Council on Archives to describe and contextualize archival resources in a comprehensible way that goes beyond the possibilities of the existing archival standards. The article explains the rationale for developing a new standard for archival description, and particularly the ontology. It provides a quick overview of the RiC Conceptual Model and then focuses on RiC-O, its design principles and content and giving references to more precise documentation that is publicly available online. Finally, it presents the roadmap and future perspectives of RiC.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2023-08-18},\n\tauthor = {Clavaud, Florence and Wildi, Tobias},\n\tyear = {2021},\n\tpages = {p. 79},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  This article gives an overview of the new Records in Contexts Ontology (RiC-O), which is available at https://www.ica.org/standards/RiC/ontology. This ontology is part of the Records in Contexts (RiC) standard, which has been developed by the International Council on Archives to describe and contextualize archival resources in a comprehensible way that goes beyond the possibilities of the existing archival standards. The article explains the rationale for developing a new standard for archival description, and particularly the ontology. It provides a quick overview of the RiC Conceptual Model and then focuses on RiC-O, its design principles and content and giving references to more precise documentation that is publicly available online. Finally, it presents the roadmap and future perspectives of RiC.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_Dubois__A_\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_Dubois__A_')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_Dubois__A_')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>Dubois, A.</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (1)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"wildi-dubois-lematterhornrdfdatamodeldescriptionarchivistiqueetlinkedopendataversquelleconvergence-2019\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"https://www.slideshare.net/TobiasWildi/alain-dubois-tobias-wildi-le-matterhorn-rdf-data-model-description-archivistique-et-linked-open-data-vers-quelle-convergence-prsentation-au-forum-des-archivistes-5-avril-2019-saintetienne?from_m_app=ios\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'wildi-dubois-lematterhornrdfdatamodeldescriptionarchivistiqueetlinkedopendataversquelleconvergence-2019', 'https://www.slideshare.net/TobiasWildi/alain-dubois-tobias-wildi-le-matterhorn-rdf-data-model-description-archivistique-et-linked-open-data-vers-quelle-convergence-prsentation-au-forum-des-archivistes-5-avril-2019-saintetienne?from_m_app=ios', event);\">\n    Le Matterhorn RDF Data Model: Description archivistique et Linked Open Data. Vers quelle convergence?.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Wildi, T.;  and Dubois, A.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  May 2019.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"https://www.slideshare.net/TobiasWildi/alain-dubois-tobias-wildi-le-matterhorn-rdf-data-model-description-archivistique-et-linked-open-data-vers-quelle-convergence-prsentation-au-forum-des-archivistes-5-avril-2019-saintetienne?from_m_app=ios\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('wildi-dubois-lematterhornrdfdatamodeldescriptionarchivistiqueetlinkedopendataversquelleconvergence-2019', 'https://www.slideshare.net/TobiasWildi/alain-dubois-tobias-wildi-le-matterhorn-rdf-data-model-description-archivistique-et-linked-open-data-vers-quelle-convergence-prsentation-au-forum-des-archivistes-5-avril-2019-saintetienne?from_m_app=ios', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"Le Matterhorn RDF Data Model: Description archivistique et Linked Open Data. Vers quelle convergence? [link]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/wildi-dubois-lematterhornrdfdatamodeldescriptionarchivistiqueetlinkedopendataversquelleconvergence-2019\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('wildi-dubois-lematterhornrdfdatamodeldescriptionarchivistiqueetlinkedopendataversquelleconvergence-2019')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@misc{wildi_matterhorn_2019,\n\ttype = {Government \\&amp; {Nonprofit}},\n\ttitle = {Le {Matterhorn} {RDF} {Data} {Model}: {Description} archivistique et {Linked} {Open} {Data}. {Vers} quelle convergence?},\n\tshorttitle = {Alain {Dubois}, {Tobias} {Wildi}. {Le} {Matterhorn} {RDF} {Data} {Model}},\n\turl = {https://www.slideshare.net/TobiasWildi/alain-dubois-tobias-wildi-le-matterhorn-rdf-data-model-description-archivistique-et-linked-open-data-vers-quelle-convergence-prsentation-au-forum-des-archivistes-5-avril-2019-saintetienne?from_m_app=ios},\n\tabstract = {Approche généraliste du Matterhorn RDF Data Model: se\nfonder sur des},\n\tlanguage = {fr},\n\turldate = {2020-12-28},\n\tauthor = {Wildi, Tobias and Dubois, Alain},\n\tmonth = may,\n\tyear = {2019},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  Approche généraliste du Matterhorn RDF Data Model: se fonder sur des\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_Evert__S_\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_Evert__S_')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_Evert__S_')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>Evert, S.</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (1)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"evert-cwbdevelopmentteam-theimsopencorpusworkbenchcwbcqpquerylanguagetutorial-2020\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"http://cwb.sourceforge.net/files/CQP_Tutorial.pdf\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'evert-cwbdevelopmentteam-theimsopencorpusworkbenchcwbcqpquerylanguagetutorial-2020', 'http://cwb.sourceforge.net/files/CQP_Tutorial.pdf', event);\">\n    The IMS Open Corpus Workbench (CWB) CQP Query Language Tutorial.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Evert, S.;  and CWB Development Team\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  May 2020.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://cwb.sourceforge.net/files/CQP_Tutorial.pdf\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('evert-cwbdevelopmentteam-theimsopencorpusworkbenchcwbcqpquerylanguagetutorial-2020', 'http://cwb.sourceforge.net/files/CQP_Tutorial.pdf', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/pdf.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"The IMS Open Corpus Workbench (CWB) CQP Query Language Tutorial [pdf]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/evert-cwbdevelopmentteam-theimsopencorpusworkbenchcwbcqpquerylanguagetutorial-2020\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('evert-cwbdevelopmentteam-theimsopencorpusworkbenchcwbcqpquerylanguagetutorial-2020')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@misc{evert_ims_2020,\n\ttitle = {The {IMS} {Open} {Corpus} {Workbench} ({CWB}) {CQP} {Query} {Language} {Tutorial}},\n\turl = {http://cwb.sourceforge.net/files/CQP_Tutorial.pdf},\n\turldate = {2021-06-01},\n\tauthor = {Evert, Stefan and {CWB Development Team}},\n\tmonth = may,\n\tyear = {2020},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_Gracy__K_\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_Gracy__K_')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_Gracy__K_')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>Gracy, K.</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (1)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"gracy-archivaldescriptionandlinkeddataapreliminarystudyofopportunitiesandimplementationchallenges-2015\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"https://api.zotero.org/groups/2386895/collections/XX2NLPN2/10.1007/s10502-014-9216-2\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'gracy-archivaldescriptionandlinkeddataapreliminarystudyofopportunitiesandimplementationchallenges-2015', 'https://api.zotero.org/groups/2386895/collections/XX2NLPN2/10.1007/s10502-014-9216-2', event);\">\n    Archival Description and Linked Data: A Preliminary Study of Opportunities and Implementation Challenges.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Gracy, K. F.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>Archival Science</i>, 15(3): 239–294.  2015.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"https://api.zotero.org/groups/2386895/collections/XX2NLPN2/10.1007/s10502-014-9216-2\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('gracy-archivaldescriptionandlinkeddataapreliminarystudyofopportunitiesandimplementationchallenges-2015', 'https://api.zotero.org/groups/2386895/collections/XX2NLPN2/10.1007/s10502-014-9216-2', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"Archival Description and Linked Data: A Preliminary Study of Opportunities and Implementation Challenges [link]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.1007/s10502-014-9216-2\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('gracy-archivaldescriptionandlinkeddataapreliminarystudyofopportunitiesandimplementationchallenges-2015', 'http://doi.org/10.1007/s10502-014-9216-2', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/gracy-archivaldescriptionandlinkeddataapreliminarystudyofopportunitiesandimplementationchallenges-2015\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('gracy-archivaldescriptionandlinkeddataapreliminarystudyofopportunitiesandimplementationchallenges-2015')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{gracy_archival_2015,\n\ttitle = {Archival {Description} and {Linked} {Data}: {A} {Preliminary} {Study} of {Opportunities} and {Implementation} {Challenges}},\n\tvolume = {15},\n\tissn = {1389-0166, 1573-7519},\n\tshorttitle = {Archival description and linked data},\n\turl = {10.1007/s10502-014-9216-2},\n\tdoi = {10.1007/s10502-014-9216-2},\n\tabstract = {This paper presents the results of a study to investigate how archives can connect their collections to related data sources through the use of Semantic Web technologies, specifically Linked Data. Questions explored included (a) What types of data currently available in archival surrogates such as Encoded Archival Description (EAD) finding aids and Machine-Readable Cataloging (MARC) records may be useful if converted to Linked Data? (b) For those potentially useful data points identified in archival surrogates, how might one align data structures found in those surrogates to the data structures of other relevant internal or external information sources? (c) What features of current standards and data structures present impediments or challenges that must be overcome in order to achieve interoperability among disparate data sources? To answer these questions, the researcher identified metadata elements of potential use as Linked Data in archival surrogates, as well as metadata element sets and vocabularies of data sets that could serve as pathways to relevant external data sources. Data sets chosen for the study included DBpedia and schema.org; metadata element sets examined included Friend of a Friend (FOAF), GeoNames, and Linking Open Description of Events (LODE). The researcher then aligned tags found in the EAD encoding standard to related classes and properties found in these Linked Data sources and metadata element sets. To investigate the third question about impediments to incorporating Linked Data in archival descriptions, the researcher analyzed the locations and frequencies at which controlled and uncontrolled access points (personal and family name, corporate name, geographic name, and genre/form entities) appeared in a sample of MARC and EAD archival descriptive records by using a combination of hand counts and the natural language processing (NLP) tool, OpenCalais. The results of the location and frequency analysis, combined with the results of the alignment process, helped the researcher identify several critical challenges currently impeding interoperability among archival information systems and relevant Linked Data sources, including differences in granularity between archival and other data source vocabularies, and inadequacies of current encoding standards to support semantic tagging of potential access points embedded in free text areas of archival surrogates.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2020-12-16},\n\tjournal = {Archival Science},\n\tauthor = {Gracy, Karen F.},\n\tyear = {2015},\n\tpages = {239--294},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  This paper presents the results of a study to investigate how archives can connect their collections to related data sources through the use of Semantic Web technologies, specifically Linked Data. Questions explored included (a) What types of data currently available in archival surrogates such as Encoded Archival Description (EAD) finding aids and Machine-Readable Cataloging (MARC) records may be useful if converted to Linked Data? (b) For those potentially useful data points identified in archival surrogates, how might one align data structures found in those surrogates to the data structures of other relevant internal or external information sources? (c) What features of current standards and data structures present impediments or challenges that must be overcome in order to achieve interoperability among disparate data sources? To answer these questions, the researcher identified metadata elements of potential use as Linked Data in archival surrogates, as well as metadata element sets and vocabularies of data sets that could serve as pathways to relevant external data sources. Data sets chosen for the study included DBpedia and schema.org; metadata element sets examined included Friend of a Friend (FOAF), GeoNames, and Linking Open Description of Events (LODE). The researcher then aligned tags found in the EAD encoding standard to related classes and properties found in these Linked Data sources and metadata element sets. To investigate the third question about impediments to incorporating Linked Data in archival descriptions, the researcher analyzed the locations and frequencies at which controlled and uncontrolled access points (personal and family name, corporate name, geographic name, and genre/form entities) appeared in a sample of MARC and EAD archival descriptive records by using a combination of hand counts and the natural language processing (NLP) tool, OpenCalais. The results of the location and frequency analysis, combined with the results of the alignment process, helped the researcher identify several critical challenges currently impeding interoperability among archival information systems and relevant Linked Data sources, including differences in granularity between archival and other data source vocabularies, and inadequacies of current encoding standards to support semantic tagging of potential access points embedded in free text areas of archival surrogates.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_Guillem__A_\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_Guillem__A_')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_Guillem__A_')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>Guillem, A.</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (1)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"bruseker-carboni-guillem-culturalheritagedatamanagementtheroleofformalontologyandcidoccrm-2017\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65370-9_6\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'bruseker-carboni-guillem-culturalheritagedatamanagementtheroleofformalontologyandcidoccrm-2017', 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65370-9_6', event);\">\n    Cultural Heritage Data Management: The Role of Formal Ontology and CIDOC CRM.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Bruseker, G.; Carboni, N.;  and Guillem, A.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  In Vincent, M. L.; López-Menchero Bendicho, V. M.; Ioannides, M.;  and Levy, T. E., editor(s), <i>Heritage and Archaeology in the Digital Age: Acquisition, Curation, and Dissemination of Spatial Cultural Heritage Data</i>, of Quantitative Methods in the Humanities and Social Sciences, pages 93–131. Springer International Publishing, Cham,  2017.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65370-9_6\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('bruseker-carboni-guillem-culturalheritagedatamanagementtheroleofformalontologyandcidoccrm-2017', 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65370-9_6', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"Cultural Heritage Data Management: The Role of Formal Ontology and CIDOC CRM [link]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65370-9_6\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('bruseker-carboni-guillem-culturalheritagedatamanagementtheroleofformalontologyandcidoccrm-2017', 'http://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65370-9_6', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/bruseker-carboni-guillem-culturalheritagedatamanagementtheroleofformalontologyandcidoccrm-2017\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('bruseker-carboni-guillem-culturalheritagedatamanagementtheroleofformalontologyandcidoccrm-2017')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@incollection{bruseker_cultural_2017,\n\taddress = {Cham},\n\tseries = {Quantitative {Methods} in the {Humanities} and {Social} {Sciences}},\n\ttitle = {Cultural {Heritage} {Data} {Management}: {The} {Role} of {Formal} {Ontology} and {CIDOC} {CRM}},\n\tisbn = {978-3-319-65370-9},\n\tshorttitle = {Cultural {Heritage} {Data} {Management}},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65370-9_6},\n\tabstract = {Building models for integrating the diverse data generated in Cultural Heritage disciplines is a long-term challenge both for securing presently generated knowledge and for making it progressively more widely accessible and interoperable into the future. This chapter reviews the multiple approaches undertaken to address this problem, finally proposing CIDOC CRM as the most robust solution for information integration in CH. The chapter begins by outlining the data challenge specific to the field and the main approaches that can be taken in facing it. Within this frame, it distinguishes knowledge engineering and formal ontology from other information modelling techniques as the necessary approach for tackling the broader data integration problem. It then outlines the basic principles of CIDOC CRM, the ISO standard formal ontology for CH. From there, an overview is given of some of the work that has been done both theoretically and in practice over the past five years in developing and implementing CRM as a practical data integration strategy in CH, particularly looking at model extensions to handle knowledge provenance across various disciplines and typical documentation and reasoning activities, as well as at successful implementation projects. Lastly, it summarizes the present potentials and challenges for using CIDOC CRM for solving the CH data management and integration puzzle. The intended audience of this chapter are specialists from all backgrounds within the broader domain of CH with an interest in data integration and CIDOC CRM.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2023-08-18},\n\tbooktitle = {Heritage and {Archaeology} in the {Digital} {Age}: {Acquisition}, {Curation}, and {Dissemination} of {Spatial} {Cultural} {Heritage} {Data}},\n\tpublisher = {Springer International Publishing},\n\tauthor = {Bruseker, George and Carboni, Nicola and Guillem, Anaïs},\n\teditor = {Vincent, Matthew L. and López-Menchero Bendicho, Víctor Manuel and Ioannides, Marinos and Levy, Thomas E.},\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tdoi = {10.1007/978-3-319-65370-9_6},\n\tpages = {93--131},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  Building models for integrating the diverse data generated in Cultural Heritage disciplines is a long-term challenge both for securing presently generated knowledge and for making it progressively more widely accessible and interoperable into the future. This chapter reviews the multiple approaches undertaken to address this problem, finally proposing CIDOC CRM as the most robust solution for information integration in CH. The chapter begins by outlining the data challenge specific to the field and the main approaches that can be taken in facing it. Within this frame, it distinguishes knowledge engineering and formal ontology from other information modelling techniques as the necessary approach for tackling the broader data integration problem. It then outlines the basic principles of CIDOC CRM, the ISO standard formal ontology for CH. From there, an overview is given of some of the work that has been done both theoretically and in practice over the past five years in developing and implementing CRM as a practical data integration strategy in CH, particularly looking at model extensions to handle knowledge provenance across various disciplines and typical documentation and reasoning activities, as well as at successful implementation projects. Lastly, it summarizes the present potentials and challenges for using CIDOC CRM for solving the CH data management and integration puzzle. The intended audience of this chapter are specialists from all backgrounds within the broader domain of CH with an interest in data integration and CIDOC CRM.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_Hawkins__A_\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_Hawkins__A_')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_Hawkins__A_')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>Hawkins, A.</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (1)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"hawkins-archiveslinkeddataandthedigitalhumanitiesincreasingaccesstodigitisedandborndigitalarchivesviathesemanticweb-2021\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10502-021-09381-0\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'hawkins-archiveslinkeddataandthedigitalhumanitiesincreasingaccesstodigitisedandborndigitalarchivesviathesemanticweb-2021', 'https://doi.org/10.1007/s10502-021-09381-0', event);\">\n    Archives, linked data and the digital humanities: increasing access to digitised and born-digital archives via the semantic web.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Hawkins, A.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>Archival Science</i>. December 2021.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10502-021-09381-0\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('hawkins-archiveslinkeddataandthedigitalhumanitiesincreasingaccesstodigitisedandborndigitalarchivesviathesemanticweb-2021', 'https://doi.org/10.1007/s10502-021-09381-0', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"Archives, linked data and the digital humanities: increasing access to digitised and born-digital archives via the semantic web [link]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.1007/s10502-021-09381-0\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('hawkins-archiveslinkeddataandthedigitalhumanitiesincreasingaccesstodigitisedandborndigitalarchivesviathesemanticweb-2021', 'http://doi.org/10.1007/s10502-021-09381-0', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/hawkins-archiveslinkeddataandthedigitalhumanitiesincreasingaccesstodigitisedandborndigitalarchivesviathesemanticweb-2021\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('hawkins-archiveslinkeddataandthedigitalhumanitiesincreasingaccesstodigitisedandborndigitalarchivesviathesemanticweb-2021')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{hawkins_archives_2021,\n\ttitle = {Archives, linked data and the digital humanities: increasing access to digitised and born-digital archives via the semantic web},\n\tissn = {1573-7500},\n\tshorttitle = {Archives, linked data and the digital humanities},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10502-021-09381-0},\n\tdoi = {10.1007/s10502-021-09381-0},\n\tabstract = {Mass digitisation and the exponential growth of born-digital archives over the past two decades have resulted in an enormous volume of archives and archival data being available digitally. This has produced a valuable but under-utilised source of large-scale digital data ripe for interrogation by scholars and practitioners in the Digital Humanities. However, current digitisation approaches fall short of the requirements of digital humanists for structured, integrated, interoperable, and interrogable data. Linked Data provides a viable means of producing such data, creating machine-readable archival data suited to analysis using digital humanities research methods. While a growing body of archival scholarship and praxis has explored Linked Data, its potential to open up digitised and born-digital archives to the Digital Humanities is under-examined. This article approaches Archival Linked Data from the perspective of the Digital Humanities, extrapolating from both archival and digital humanities Linked Data scholarship to identify the benefits to digital humanists of the production and provision of access to Archival Linked Data. It will consider some of the current barriers preventing digital humanists from being able to experience the benefits of Archival Linked Data evidenced, and to fully utilise archives which have been made available digitally. The article argues for increased collaboration between the two disciplines, challenges individuals and institutions to engage with Linked Data, and suggests the incorporation of AI and low-barrier tools such as Wikidata into the Linked Data production workflow in order to scale up the production of Archival Linked Data as a means of increasing access to and utilisation of digitised and born-digital archives.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2022-01-14},\n\tjournal = {Archival Science},\n\tauthor = {Hawkins, Ashleigh},\n\tmonth = dec,\n\tyear = {2021},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  Mass digitisation and the exponential growth of born-digital archives over the past two decades have resulted in an enormous volume of archives and archival data being available digitally. This has produced a valuable but under-utilised source of large-scale digital data ripe for interrogation by scholars and practitioners in the Digital Humanities. However, current digitisation approaches fall short of the requirements of digital humanists for structured, integrated, interoperable, and interrogable data. Linked Data provides a viable means of producing such data, creating machine-readable archival data suited to analysis using digital humanities research methods. While a growing body of archival scholarship and praxis has explored Linked Data, its potential to open up digitised and born-digital archives to the Digital Humanities is under-examined. This article approaches Archival Linked Data from the perspective of the Digital Humanities, extrapolating from both archival and digital humanities Linked Data scholarship to identify the benefits to digital humanists of the production and provision of access to Archival Linked Data. It will consider some of the current barriers preventing digital humanists from being able to experience the benefits of Archival Linked Data evidenced, and to fully utilise archives which have been made available digitally. The article argues for increased collaboration between the two disciplines, challenges individuals and institutions to engage with Linked Data, and suggests the incorporation of AI and low-barrier tools such as Wikidata into the Linked Data production workflow in order to scale up the production of Archival Linked Data as a means of increasing access to and utilisation of digitised and born-digital archives.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_Hyv_nen__E_\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_Hyv_nen__E_')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_Hyv_nen__E_')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>Hyvönen, E.</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (1)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"hyvnen-ikkala-tuominen-koho-burrows-ransom-wijsman-alinkedopendataserviceandportalforpremodernmanuscriptresearch-2019\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/a-linked-open-data-service-and-portal-for-pre-modern-manuscript-r\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'hyvnen-ikkala-tuominen-koho-burrows-ransom-wijsman-alinkedopendataserviceandportalforpremodernmanuscriptresearch-2019', 'https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/a-linked-open-data-service-and-portal-for-pre-modern-manuscript-r', event);\">\n    A Linked Open Data Service and Portal for Pre-modern Manuscript Research.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Hyvönen, E.; Ikkala, E.; Tuominen, J.; Koho, M.; Burrows, T.; Ransom, L.;  and Wijsman, H.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  In <i>Digital Humanities in Nordic Countries: Proceedings of the Digital Humanities in the Nordic Countries 4th Conference</i>, pages 220–229,  2019. CEUR-WS.org\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/a-linked-open-data-service-and-portal-for-pre-modern-manuscript-r\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('hyvnen-ikkala-tuominen-koho-burrows-ransom-wijsman-alinkedopendataserviceandportalforpremodernmanuscriptresearch-2019', 'https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/a-linked-open-data-service-and-portal-for-pre-modern-manuscript-r', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"A Linked Open Data Service and Portal for Pre-modern Manuscript Research [link]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/hyvnen-ikkala-tuominen-koho-burrows-ransom-wijsman-alinkedopendataserviceandportalforpremodernmanuscriptresearch-2019\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('hyvnen-ikkala-tuominen-koho-burrows-ransom-wijsman-alinkedopendataserviceandportalforpremodernmanuscriptresearch-2019')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@inproceedings{hyvonen_linked_2019,\n\ttitle = {A {Linked} {Open} {Data} {Service} and {Portal} for {Pre}-modern {Manuscript} {Research}},\n\turl = {https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/a-linked-open-data-service-and-portal-for-pre-modern-manuscript-r},\n\tlanguage = {English},\n\turldate = {2019-09-05},\n\tbooktitle = {Digital {Humanities} in {Nordic} {Countries}: {Proceedings} of the {Digital} {Humanities} in the {Nordic} {Countries} 4th {Conference}},\n\tpublisher = {CEUR-WS.org},\n\tauthor = {Hyvönen, Eero and Ikkala, Esko and Tuominen, Jouni and Koho, Mikko and Burrows, Toby and Ransom, Lynn and Wijsman, Hanno},\n\tyear = {2019},\n\tpages = {220--229},\n}\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_Ikkala__E_\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_Ikkala__E_')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_Ikkala__E_')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>Ikkala, E.</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (1)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"hyvnen-ikkala-tuominen-koho-burrows-ransom-wijsman-alinkedopendataserviceandportalforpremodernmanuscriptresearch-2019\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/a-linked-open-data-service-and-portal-for-pre-modern-manuscript-r\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'hyvnen-ikkala-tuominen-koho-burrows-ransom-wijsman-alinkedopendataserviceandportalforpremodernmanuscriptresearch-2019', 'https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/a-linked-open-data-service-and-portal-for-pre-modern-manuscript-r', event);\">\n    A Linked Open Data Service and Portal for Pre-modern Manuscript Research.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Hyvönen, E.; Ikkala, E.; Tuominen, J.; Koho, M.; Burrows, T.; Ransom, L.;  and Wijsman, H.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  In <i>Digital Humanities in Nordic Countries: Proceedings of the Digital Humanities in the Nordic Countries 4th Conference</i>, pages 220–229,  2019. CEUR-WS.org\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/a-linked-open-data-service-and-portal-for-pre-modern-manuscript-r\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('hyvnen-ikkala-tuominen-koho-burrows-ransom-wijsman-alinkedopendataserviceandportalforpremodernmanuscriptresearch-2019', 'https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/a-linked-open-data-service-and-portal-for-pre-modern-manuscript-r', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"A Linked Open Data Service and Portal for Pre-modern Manuscript Research [link]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/hyvnen-ikkala-tuominen-koho-burrows-ransom-wijsman-alinkedopendataserviceandportalforpremodernmanuscriptresearch-2019\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('hyvnen-ikkala-tuominen-koho-burrows-ransom-wijsman-alinkedopendataserviceandportalforpremodernmanuscriptresearch-2019')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@inproceedings{hyvonen_linked_2019,\n\ttitle = {A {Linked} {Open} {Data} {Service} and {Portal} for {Pre}-modern {Manuscript} {Research}},\n\turl = {https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/a-linked-open-data-service-and-portal-for-pre-modern-manuscript-r},\n\tlanguage = {English},\n\turldate = {2019-09-05},\n\tbooktitle = {Digital {Humanities} in {Nordic} {Countries}: {Proceedings} of the {Digital} {Humanities} in the {Nordic} {Countries} 4th {Conference}},\n\tpublisher = {CEUR-WS.org},\n\tauthor = {Hyvönen, Eero and Ikkala, Esko and Tuominen, Jouni and Koho, Mikko and Burrows, Toby and Ransom, Lynn and Wijsman, Hanno},\n\tyear = {2019},\n\tpages = {220--229},\n}\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_Koho__M_\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_Koho__M_')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_Koho__M_')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>Koho, M.</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (1)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"hyvnen-ikkala-tuominen-koho-burrows-ransom-wijsman-alinkedopendataserviceandportalforpremodernmanuscriptresearch-2019\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/a-linked-open-data-service-and-portal-for-pre-modern-manuscript-r\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'hyvnen-ikkala-tuominen-koho-burrows-ransom-wijsman-alinkedopendataserviceandportalforpremodernmanuscriptresearch-2019', 'https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/a-linked-open-data-service-and-portal-for-pre-modern-manuscript-r', event);\">\n    A Linked Open Data Service and Portal for Pre-modern Manuscript Research.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Hyvönen, E.; Ikkala, E.; Tuominen, J.; Koho, M.; Burrows, T.; Ransom, L.;  and Wijsman, H.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  In <i>Digital Humanities in Nordic Countries: Proceedings of the Digital Humanities in the Nordic Countries 4th Conference</i>, pages 220–229,  2019. CEUR-WS.org\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/a-linked-open-data-service-and-portal-for-pre-modern-manuscript-r\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('hyvnen-ikkala-tuominen-koho-burrows-ransom-wijsman-alinkedopendataserviceandportalforpremodernmanuscriptresearch-2019', 'https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/a-linked-open-data-service-and-portal-for-pre-modern-manuscript-r', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"A Linked Open Data Service and Portal for Pre-modern Manuscript Research [link]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/hyvnen-ikkala-tuominen-koho-burrows-ransom-wijsman-alinkedopendataserviceandportalforpremodernmanuscriptresearch-2019\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('hyvnen-ikkala-tuominen-koho-burrows-ransom-wijsman-alinkedopendataserviceandportalforpremodernmanuscriptresearch-2019')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@inproceedings{hyvonen_linked_2019,\n\ttitle = {A {Linked} {Open} {Data} {Service} and {Portal} for {Pre}-modern {Manuscript} {Research}},\n\turl = {https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/a-linked-open-data-service-and-portal-for-pre-modern-manuscript-r},\n\tlanguage = {English},\n\turldate = {2019-09-05},\n\tbooktitle = {Digital {Humanities} in {Nordic} {Countries}: {Proceedings} of the {Digital} {Humanities} in the {Nordic} {Countries} 4th {Conference}},\n\tpublisher = {CEUR-WS.org},\n\tauthor = {Hyvönen, Eero and Ikkala, Esko and Tuominen, Jouni and Koho, Mikko and Burrows, Toby and Ransom, Lynn and Wijsman, Hanno},\n\tyear = {2019},\n\tpages = {220--229},\n}\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_Le_Boeuf__P_\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_Le_Boeuf__P_')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_Le_Boeuf__P_')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>Le Boeuf, P.</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (1)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"leboeuf-abasicintroductiontofrbrooandpressoo-2015\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"https://library.ifla.org/id/eprint/1150/\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'leboeuf-abasicintroductiontofrbrooandpressoo-2015', 'https://library.ifla.org/id/eprint/1150/', event);\">\n    A Basic Introduction to FRBROO and PRESSOO.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Le Boeuf, P.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  In <i>IFLA WLIC 201, Session 207 - Cataloguing</i>, Cape Town, South Africa,  2015. \n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"https://library.ifla.org/id/eprint/1150/\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('leboeuf-abasicintroductiontofrbrooandpressoo-2015', 'https://library.ifla.org/id/eprint/1150/', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"A Basic Introduction to FRBROO and PRESSOO [link]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/leboeuf-abasicintroductiontofrbrooandpressoo-2015\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('leboeuf-abasicintroductiontofrbrooandpressoo-2015')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@inproceedings{le_boeuf_basic_2015,\n\taddress = {Cape Town, South Africa},\n\ttitle = {A {Basic} {Introduction} to {FRBROO} and {PRESSOO}},\n\turl = {https://library.ifla.org/id/eprint/1150/},\n\tabstract = {In addition to FRBR, FRAD, and FRSAD, two conceptual models for bibliographic information were\ndeveloped these last years: FRBROO (a reformulation of the FRBR/FRAD/FRSAD models) and\nPRESSOO (more specifically devoted to bibliographic information about continuing resources). This\npaper provides the explanation that is necessary for a good understanding of the formalism used in\nthese two models. It then shows how some of the basic constructs of FRBR/FRAD/FRSAD are\nrendered in the FRBROO model. In a very brief third section, it highlights some core aspects of\nPRESSOO.\nKeywords: FRBROO, PRESSOO, CIDOC CRM, Conceptual models for cultural heritage information},\n\tbooktitle = {{IFLA} {WLIC} 201, {Session} 207 - {Cataloguing}},\n\tauthor = {Le Boeuf, Patrick},\n\tyear = {2015},\n\tkeywords = {CIDOC CRM, Conceptual models for cultural heritage information, FRBRoo, PRESSoo},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  In addition to FRBR, FRAD, and FRSAD, two conceptual models for bibliographic information were developed these last years: FRBROO (a reformulation of the FRBR/FRAD/FRSAD models) and PRESSOO (more specifically devoted to bibliographic information about continuing resources). This paper provides the explanation that is necessary for a good understanding of the formalism used in these two models. It then shows how some of the basic constructs of FRBR/FRAD/FRSAD are rendered in the FRBROO model. In a very brief third section, it highlights some core aspects of PRESSOO. Keywords: FRBROO, PRESSOO, CIDOC CRM, Conceptual models for cultural heritage information\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_Leonelli__S_\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_Leonelli__S_')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_Leonelli__S_')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>Leonelli, S.</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (1)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"leonelli-philosophyofopenscience-2023\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/elements/philosophy-of-open-science/0D049ECF635F3B676C03C6868873E406\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'leonelli-philosophyofopenscience-2023', 'https://www.cambridge.org/core/elements/philosophy-of-open-science/0D049ECF635F3B676C03C6868873E406', event);\">\n    Philosophy of Open Science.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Leonelli, S.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n   of Elements in the Philosophy of ScienceCambridge University Press, Cambridge,  2023.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/elements/philosophy-of-open-science/0D049ECF635F3B676C03C6868873E406\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('leonelli-philosophyofopenscience-2023', 'https://www.cambridge.org/core/elements/philosophy-of-open-science/0D049ECF635F3B676C03C6868873E406', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"Philosophy of Open Science [link]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.1017/9781009416368\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('leonelli-philosophyofopenscience-2023', 'http://doi.org/10.1017/9781009416368', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/leonelli-philosophyofopenscience-2023\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('leonelli-philosophyofopenscience-2023')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@book{leonelli_philosophy_2023,\n\taddress = {Cambridge},\n\tseries = {Elements in the {Philosophy} of {Science}},\n\ttitle = {Philosophy of {Open} {Science}},\n\tisbn = {978-1-00-941639-9},\n\turl = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/elements/philosophy-of-open-science/0D049ECF635F3B676C03C6868873E406},\n\tpublisher = {Cambridge University Press},\n\tauthor = {Leonelli, Sabina},\n\tyear = {2023},\n\tdoi = {10.1017/9781009416368},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_Merzaghi__M_\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_Merzaghi__M_')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_Merzaghi__M_')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>Merzaghi, M.</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (1)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"merzaghi-informationenfindenundwissenverlinkenderwegdermetadatenstandardsvomarchivregalzudenlinkeddata-2017\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"https://arbido.ch/de/ausgaben-artikel/2017/metadaten-datenqualit%C3%A4t/vom-regal-zum-word-wide-web-die-entwicklung-von-normen-und-standards\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'merzaghi-informationenfindenundwissenverlinkenderwegdermetadatenstandardsvomarchivregalzudenlinkeddata-2017', 'https://arbido.ch/de/ausgaben-artikel/2017/metadaten-datenqualit%C3%A4t/vom-regal-zum-word-wide-web-die-entwicklung-von-normen-und-standards', event);\">\n    Informationen finden und Wissen verlinken: Der Weg der Metadatenstandards vom Archivregal zu den Linked Data.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Merzaghi, M.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>Arbido</i>, (3).  2017.\n  <span class=\"note\">Archive Location: https://arbido.ch/de/ Publisher: arbido</span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"https://arbido.ch/de/ausgaben-artikel/2017/metadaten-datenqualit%C3%A4t/vom-regal-zum-word-wide-web-die-entwicklung-von-normen-und-standards\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('merzaghi-informationenfindenundwissenverlinkenderwegdermetadatenstandardsvomarchivregalzudenlinkeddata-2017', 'https://arbido.ch/de/ausgaben-artikel/2017/metadaten-datenqualit%C3%A4t/vom-regal-zum-word-wide-web-die-entwicklung-von-normen-und-standards', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"Informationen finden und Wissen verlinken: Der Weg der Metadatenstandards vom Archivregal zu den Linked Data [link]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/merzaghi-informationenfindenundwissenverlinkenderwegdermetadatenstandardsvomarchivregalzudenlinkeddata-2017\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('merzaghi-informationenfindenundwissenverlinkenderwegdermetadatenstandardsvomarchivregalzudenlinkeddata-2017')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{merzaghi_informationen_2017,\n\ttitle = {Informationen finden und {Wissen} verlinken: {Der} {Weg} der {Metadatenstandards} vom {Archivregal} zu den {Linked} {Data}},\n\tcopyright = {Copyright ©2020 arbido.},\n\turl = {https://arbido.ch/de/ausgaben-artikel/2017/metadaten-datenqualit%C3%A4t/vom-regal-zum-word-wide-web-die-entwicklung-von-normen-und-standards},\n\tabstract = {Die Informatisierung der Archivarbeit hat die Notwendigkeit von Metadatenstandards aufgezeigt, denn die Metadaten ermöglichen es, analoge und elektronische…},\n\tlanguage = {de},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2020-12-28},\n\tjournal = {Arbido},\n\tauthor = {Merzaghi, Michele},\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tnote = {Archive Location: https://arbido.ch/de/\nPublisher: arbido},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  Die Informatisierung der Archivarbeit hat die Notwendigkeit von Metadatenstandards aufgezeigt, denn die Metadaten ermöglichen es, analoge und elektronische…\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_Ransom__L_\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_Ransom__L_')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_Ransom__L_')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>Ransom, L.</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (1)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"hyvnen-ikkala-tuominen-koho-burrows-ransom-wijsman-alinkedopendataserviceandportalforpremodernmanuscriptresearch-2019\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/a-linked-open-data-service-and-portal-for-pre-modern-manuscript-r\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'hyvnen-ikkala-tuominen-koho-burrows-ransom-wijsman-alinkedopendataserviceandportalforpremodernmanuscriptresearch-2019', 'https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/a-linked-open-data-service-and-portal-for-pre-modern-manuscript-r', event);\">\n    A Linked Open Data Service and Portal for Pre-modern Manuscript Research.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Hyvönen, E.; Ikkala, E.; Tuominen, J.; Koho, M.; Burrows, T.; Ransom, L.;  and Wijsman, H.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  In <i>Digital Humanities in Nordic Countries: Proceedings of the Digital Humanities in the Nordic Countries 4th Conference</i>, pages 220–229,  2019. CEUR-WS.org\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/a-linked-open-data-service-and-portal-for-pre-modern-manuscript-r\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('hyvnen-ikkala-tuominen-koho-burrows-ransom-wijsman-alinkedopendataserviceandportalforpremodernmanuscriptresearch-2019', 'https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/a-linked-open-data-service-and-portal-for-pre-modern-manuscript-r', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"A Linked Open Data Service and Portal for Pre-modern Manuscript Research [link]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/hyvnen-ikkala-tuominen-koho-burrows-ransom-wijsman-alinkedopendataserviceandportalforpremodernmanuscriptresearch-2019\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('hyvnen-ikkala-tuominen-koho-burrows-ransom-wijsman-alinkedopendataserviceandportalforpremodernmanuscriptresearch-2019')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@inproceedings{hyvonen_linked_2019,\n\ttitle = {A {Linked} {Open} {Data} {Service} and {Portal} for {Pre}-modern {Manuscript} {Research}},\n\turl = {https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/a-linked-open-data-service-and-portal-for-pre-modern-manuscript-r},\n\tlanguage = {English},\n\turldate = {2019-09-05},\n\tbooktitle = {Digital {Humanities} in {Nordic} {Countries}: {Proceedings} of the {Digital} {Humanities} in the {Nordic} {Countries} 4th {Conference}},\n\tpublisher = {CEUR-WS.org},\n\tauthor = {Hyvönen, Eero and Ikkala, Esko and Tuominen, Jouni and Koho, Mikko and Burrows, Toby and Ransom, Lynn and Wijsman, Hanno},\n\tyear = {2019},\n\tpages = {220--229},\n}\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_Tolle__K_\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_Tolle__K_')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_Tolle__K_')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>Tolle, K.</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (1)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"tolle-wiggwolf-improvingdataqualitybyrulesanumismaticexample-2020\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"https://publikationen.uni-tuebingen.de/xmlui/handle/10900/101838\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'tolle-wiggwolf-improvingdataqualitybyrulesanumismaticexample-2020', 'https://publikationen.uni-tuebingen.de/xmlui/handle/10900/101838', event);\">\n    Improving Data Quality by Rules: A Numismatic Example.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Tolle, K.;  and Wigg-Wolf, D.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  . November 2020.\n  <span class=\"note\">Accepted: 2020-06-24T12:40:04Z Publisher: Universität Tübingen</span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"https://publikationen.uni-tuebingen.de/xmlui/handle/10900/101838\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('tolle-wiggwolf-improvingdataqualitybyrulesanumismaticexample-2020', 'https://publikationen.uni-tuebingen.de/xmlui/handle/10900/101838', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"Improving Data Quality by Rules: A Numismatic Example [link]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.15496/publikation-43217\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('tolle-wiggwolf-improvingdataqualitybyrulesanumismaticexample-2020', 'http://doi.org/10.15496/publikation-43217', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/tolle-wiggwolf-improvingdataqualitybyrulesanumismaticexample-2020\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('tolle-wiggwolf-improvingdataqualitybyrulesanumismaticexample-2020')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{tolle_improving_2020,\n\ttitle = {Improving {Data} {Quality} by {Rules}: {A} {Numismatic} {Example}},\n\tcopyright = {http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/de/deed.de},\n\tshorttitle = {Improving {Data} {Quality} by {Rules}},\n\turl = {https://publikationen.uni-tuebingen.de/xmlui/handle/10900/101838},\n\tdoi = {10.15496/publikation-43217},\n\tabstract = {The archaeological data dealt with in our database solution Antike Fundmünzen \nin Europa (AFE), which records finds of ancient coins, is entered by \nhumans. Based on the Linked Open Data (LOD) approach, we link our data \nto Nomisma.org concepts, as well as to other resources like Online Coins of \nthe Roman Empire (OCRE). Since information such as denomination, material, \netc. is recorded for each single coin, this information should be identical for \ncoins of the same type. Unfortunately, this is not always the case, mostly due to \nhuman errors. Based on rules that we implemented, we were able to make use of \nthis redundant information in order to detect possible errors within AFE, and \nwere even able to correct errors in Nomimsa.org. However, the approach had \nthe weakness that it was necessary to transform the data into an internal data \nmodel. In a second step, we therefore developed our rules within the Linked \nOpen Data world. The rules can now be applied to datasets following the Nomisma. \norg modelling approach, as we demonstrated with data held by Corpus \nNummorum Thracorum (CNT). We believe that the use of methods like this to \nincrease the data quality of individual databases, as well as across different data \nsources and up to the higher levels of OCRE and Nomisma.org, is mandatory in \norder to increase trust in them.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2021-06-01},\n\tauthor = {Tolle, Karsten and Wigg-Wolf, David},\n\tmonth = nov,\n\tyear = {2020},\n\tnote = {Accepted: 2020-06-24T12:40:04Z\nPublisher: Universität Tübingen},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  The archaeological data dealt with in our database solution Antike Fundmünzen in Europa (AFE), which records finds of ancient coins, is entered by humans. Based on the Linked Open Data (LOD) approach, we link our data to Nomisma.org concepts, as well as to other resources like Online Coins of the Roman Empire (OCRE). Since information such as denomination, material, etc. is recorded for each single coin, this information should be identical for coins of the same type. Unfortunately, this is not always the case, mostly due to human errors. Based on rules that we implemented, we were able to make use of this redundant information in order to detect possible errors within AFE, and were even able to correct errors in Nomimsa.org. However, the approach had the weakness that it was necessary to transform the data into an internal data model. In a second step, we therefore developed our rules within the Linked Open Data world. The rules can now be applied to datasets following the Nomisma. org modelling approach, as we demonstrated with data held by Corpus Nummorum Thracorum (CNT). We believe that the use of methods like this to increase the data quality of individual databases, as well as across different data sources and up to the higher levels of OCRE and Nomisma.org, is mandatory in order to increase trust in them.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_Tuominen__J_\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_Tuominen__J_')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_Tuominen__J_')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>Tuominen, J.</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (1)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"hyvnen-ikkala-tuominen-koho-burrows-ransom-wijsman-alinkedopendataserviceandportalforpremodernmanuscriptresearch-2019\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/a-linked-open-data-service-and-portal-for-pre-modern-manuscript-r\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'hyvnen-ikkala-tuominen-koho-burrows-ransom-wijsman-alinkedopendataserviceandportalforpremodernmanuscriptresearch-2019', 'https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/a-linked-open-data-service-and-portal-for-pre-modern-manuscript-r', event);\">\n    A Linked Open Data Service and Portal for Pre-modern Manuscript Research.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Hyvönen, E.; Ikkala, E.; Tuominen, J.; Koho, M.; Burrows, T.; Ransom, L.;  and Wijsman, H.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  In <i>Digital Humanities in Nordic Countries: Proceedings of the Digital Humanities in the Nordic Countries 4th Conference</i>, pages 220–229,  2019. CEUR-WS.org\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/a-linked-open-data-service-and-portal-for-pre-modern-manuscript-r\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('hyvnen-ikkala-tuominen-koho-burrows-ransom-wijsman-alinkedopendataserviceandportalforpremodernmanuscriptresearch-2019', 'https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/a-linked-open-data-service-and-portal-for-pre-modern-manuscript-r', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"A Linked Open Data Service and Portal for Pre-modern Manuscript Research [link]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/hyvnen-ikkala-tuominen-koho-burrows-ransom-wijsman-alinkedopendataserviceandportalforpremodernmanuscriptresearch-2019\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('hyvnen-ikkala-tuominen-koho-burrows-ransom-wijsman-alinkedopendataserviceandportalforpremodernmanuscriptresearch-2019')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@inproceedings{hyvonen_linked_2019,\n\ttitle = {A {Linked} {Open} {Data} {Service} and {Portal} for {Pre}-modern {Manuscript} {Research}},\n\turl = {https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/a-linked-open-data-service-and-portal-for-pre-modern-manuscript-r},\n\tlanguage = {English},\n\turldate = {2019-09-05},\n\tbooktitle = {Digital {Humanities} in {Nordic} {Countries}: {Proceedings} of the {Digital} {Humanities} in the {Nordic} {Countries} 4th {Conference}},\n\tpublisher = {CEUR-WS.org},\n\tauthor = {Hyvönen, Eero and Ikkala, Esko and Tuominen, Jouni and Koho, Mikko and Burrows, Toby and Ransom, Lynn and Wijsman, Hanno},\n\tyear = {2019},\n\tpages = {220--229},\n}\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_Vogeler__G_\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_Vogeler__G_')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_Vogeler__G_')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>Vogeler, G.</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (2)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"vogeler-dassemanticwebalsgiantglobalkontext-2020\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"http://www.uni-koeln.de/\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'vogeler-dassemanticwebalsgiantglobalkontext-2020', 'http://www.uni-koeln.de/', event);\">\n    Das Semantic Web als Giant Global Kontext?.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Vogeler, G.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  In Meier-Vieracker, S.; Viehhauser, G.;  and Sahle, P., editor(s), volume 14, pages 55–70. BoD, Norderstedt,  2020.\n  <span class=\"note\">ISSN: 2197-6945 Num Pages: 14</span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://www.uni-koeln.de/\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('vogeler-dassemanticwebalsgiantglobalkontext-2020', 'http://www.uni-koeln.de/', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"Das Semantic Web als Giant Global Kontext? [link]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/vogeler-dassemanticwebalsgiantglobalkontext-2020\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('vogeler-dassemanticwebalsgiantglobalkontext-2020')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@incollection{vogeler_semantic_2020,\n\taddress = {Norderstedt},\n\ttitle = {Das {Semantic} {Web} als {Giant} {Global} {Kontext}?},\n\tvolume = {14},\n\turl = {http://www.uni-koeln.de/},\n\tabstract = {Unter dem Gesichtspunkt der „Rekontextualisierung“ erweist sich das Semantic Web als eine eigenartige textuelle Ausdrucksform, die als Prototyp einer digitalen Rekontextualisierung verstanden werden könnte: Es besteht konstitutiv aus Aussagen (Basisprinzip Triples), die über das Internet miteinander verknüpfbar sind (Basisprinzip IRI). Im Unterschied zum Hypertext sind die Aussagen aber hochgradig fragmentiert und formalisiert. Sie sind damit „digitaler“ als Hypertext, da sie weit stärker als dieser diskret konfiguriert sind. Zusätzlich sind sie einigen formallogischen Methoden zugänglich, welche die für einen Text notwendige Kohärenz erzeugen. Aus textlinguistischer Sicht könnte man also das Semantic Web nicht nur als „Giant Global Graph“ sondern auch als „Giant Global Text“ zu beschreiben versuchen. Damit wird der Begriff der Rekontextualisierung für die Verwendung des Semantic Web in den DH produktiv, weil er darauf hinweist, dass das Semantic Web nicht ohne menschliche Intervention Text produziert. Daraus ergibt sich aber auch eine »Unsichtbarkeit« des Semantic Web. Die Rekontextualisierung mit Methoden des Semantic Web kann deshalb auch darin bestehen, den „Giant Global Text“ mit jeweils neuen Paratexten zu versehen und so neue Rezeptionsformen zu ermöglichen.},\n\tlanguage = {de},\n\turldate = {2021-12-30},\n\tpublisher = {BoD},\n\tauthor = {Vogeler, Georg},\n\teditor = {Meier-Vieracker, Simon and Viehhauser, Gabriel and Sahle, Patrick},\n\tyear = {2020},\n\tnote = {ISSN: 2197-6945\nNum Pages: 14},\n\tpages = {55--70},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  Unter dem Gesichtspunkt der „Rekontextualisierung“ erweist sich das Semantic Web als eine eigenartige textuelle Ausdrucksform, die als Prototyp einer digitalen Rekontextualisierung verstanden werden könnte: Es besteht konstitutiv aus Aussagen (Basisprinzip Triples), die über das Internet miteinander verknüpfbar sind (Basisprinzip IRI). Im Unterschied zum Hypertext sind die Aussagen aber hochgradig fragmentiert und formalisiert. Sie sind damit „digitaler“ als Hypertext, da sie weit stärker als dieser diskret konfiguriert sind. Zusätzlich sind sie einigen formallogischen Methoden zugänglich, welche die für einen Text notwendige Kohärenz erzeugen. Aus textlinguistischer Sicht könnte man also das Semantic Web nicht nur als „Giant Global Graph“ sondern auch als „Giant Global Text“ zu beschreiben versuchen. Damit wird der Begriff der Rekontextualisierung für die Verwendung des Semantic Web in den DH produktiv, weil er darauf hinweist, dass das Semantic Web nicht ohne menschliche Intervention Text produziert. Daraus ergibt sich aber auch eine »Unsichtbarkeit« des Semantic Web. Die Rekontextualisierung mit Methoden des Semantic Web kann deshalb auch darin bestehen, den „Giant Global Text“ mit jeweils neuen Paratexten zu versehen und so neue Rezeptionsformen zu ermöglichen.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"vogeler-thecontentofaccountsandregistersintheirdigitaleditionxmlteispreadsheetsandsemanticwebtechnologies-2016\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  The Content of Accounts and Registers in their Digital Edition. XML/TEI, Spreadsheets, and Semantic Web Technologies.\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Vogeler, G.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  In <i>Konzeptionelle Überlegungen zur Edition von Rechnungen und Amtsbüchern des späten Mittelalters</i>, pages 13–42.  2016.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/vogeler-thecontentofaccountsandregistersintheirdigitaleditionxmlteispreadsheetsandsemanticwebtechnologies-2016\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('vogeler-thecontentofaccountsandregistersintheirdigitaleditionxmlteispreadsheetsandsemanticwebtechnologies-2016')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@incollection{vogeler_content_2016,\n\ttitle = {The {Content} of {Accounts} and {Registers} in their {Digital} {Edition}. {XML}/{TEI}, {Spreadsheets}, and {Semantic} {Web} {Technologies}},\n\tbooktitle = {Konzeptionelle Überlegungen zur {Edition} von {Rechnungen} und {Amtsbüchern} des späten {Mittelalters}},\n\tauthor = {Vogeler, Georg},\n\tyear = {2016},\n\tpages = {13--42},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_Wigg_Wolf__D_\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_Wigg_Wolf__D_')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_Wigg_Wolf__D_')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>Wigg-Wolf, D.</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (1)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"tolle-wiggwolf-improvingdataqualitybyrulesanumismaticexample-2020\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"https://publikationen.uni-tuebingen.de/xmlui/handle/10900/101838\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'tolle-wiggwolf-improvingdataqualitybyrulesanumismaticexample-2020', 'https://publikationen.uni-tuebingen.de/xmlui/handle/10900/101838', event);\">\n    Improving Data Quality by Rules: A Numismatic Example.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Tolle, K.;  and Wigg-Wolf, D.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  . November 2020.\n  <span class=\"note\">Accepted: 2020-06-24T12:40:04Z Publisher: Universität Tübingen</span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"https://publikationen.uni-tuebingen.de/xmlui/handle/10900/101838\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('tolle-wiggwolf-improvingdataqualitybyrulesanumismaticexample-2020', 'https://publikationen.uni-tuebingen.de/xmlui/handle/10900/101838', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"Improving Data Quality by Rules: A Numismatic Example [link]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.15496/publikation-43217\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('tolle-wiggwolf-improvingdataqualitybyrulesanumismaticexample-2020', 'http://doi.org/10.15496/publikation-43217', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/tolle-wiggwolf-improvingdataqualitybyrulesanumismaticexample-2020\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('tolle-wiggwolf-improvingdataqualitybyrulesanumismaticexample-2020')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{tolle_improving_2020,\n\ttitle = {Improving {Data} {Quality} by {Rules}: {A} {Numismatic} {Example}},\n\tcopyright = {http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/de/deed.de},\n\tshorttitle = {Improving {Data} {Quality} by {Rules}},\n\turl = {https://publikationen.uni-tuebingen.de/xmlui/handle/10900/101838},\n\tdoi = {10.15496/publikation-43217},\n\tabstract = {The archaeological data dealt with in our database solution Antike Fundmünzen \nin Europa (AFE), which records finds of ancient coins, is entered by \nhumans. Based on the Linked Open Data (LOD) approach, we link our data \nto Nomisma.org concepts, as well as to other resources like Online Coins of \nthe Roman Empire (OCRE). Since information such as denomination, material, \netc. is recorded for each single coin, this information should be identical for \ncoins of the same type. Unfortunately, this is not always the case, mostly due to \nhuman errors. Based on rules that we implemented, we were able to make use of \nthis redundant information in order to detect possible errors within AFE, and \nwere even able to correct errors in Nomimsa.org. However, the approach had \nthe weakness that it was necessary to transform the data into an internal data \nmodel. In a second step, we therefore developed our rules within the Linked \nOpen Data world. The rules can now be applied to datasets following the Nomisma. \norg modelling approach, as we demonstrated with data held by Corpus \nNummorum Thracorum (CNT). We believe that the use of methods like this to \nincrease the data quality of individual databases, as well as across different data \nsources and up to the higher levels of OCRE and Nomisma.org, is mandatory in \norder to increase trust in them.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2021-06-01},\n\tauthor = {Tolle, Karsten and Wigg-Wolf, David},\n\tmonth = nov,\n\tyear = {2020},\n\tnote = {Accepted: 2020-06-24T12:40:04Z\nPublisher: Universität Tübingen},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  The archaeological data dealt with in our database solution Antike Fundmünzen in Europa (AFE), which records finds of ancient coins, is entered by humans. Based on the Linked Open Data (LOD) approach, we link our data to Nomisma.org concepts, as well as to other resources like Online Coins of the Roman Empire (OCRE). Since information such as denomination, material, etc. is recorded for each single coin, this information should be identical for coins of the same type. Unfortunately, this is not always the case, mostly due to human errors. Based on rules that we implemented, we were able to make use of this redundant information in order to detect possible errors within AFE, and were even able to correct errors in Nomimsa.org. However, the approach had the weakness that it was necessary to transform the data into an internal data model. In a second step, we therefore developed our rules within the Linked Open Data world. The rules can now be applied to datasets following the Nomisma. org modelling approach, as we demonstrated with data held by Corpus Nummorum Thracorum (CNT). We believe that the use of methods like this to increase the data quality of individual databases, as well as across different data sources and up to the higher levels of OCRE and Nomisma.org, is mandatory in order to increase trust in them.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_Wijsman__H_\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_Wijsman__H_')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_Wijsman__H_')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>Wijsman, H.</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (1)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"hyvnen-ikkala-tuominen-koho-burrows-ransom-wijsman-alinkedopendataserviceandportalforpremodernmanuscriptresearch-2019\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/a-linked-open-data-service-and-portal-for-pre-modern-manuscript-r\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'hyvnen-ikkala-tuominen-koho-burrows-ransom-wijsman-alinkedopendataserviceandportalforpremodernmanuscriptresearch-2019', 'https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/a-linked-open-data-service-and-portal-for-pre-modern-manuscript-r', event);\">\n    A Linked Open Data Service and Portal for Pre-modern Manuscript Research.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Hyvönen, E.; Ikkala, E.; Tuominen, J.; Koho, M.; Burrows, T.; Ransom, L.;  and Wijsman, H.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  In <i>Digital Humanities in Nordic Countries: Proceedings of the Digital Humanities in the Nordic Countries 4th Conference</i>, pages 220–229,  2019. CEUR-WS.org\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/a-linked-open-data-service-and-portal-for-pre-modern-manuscript-r\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('hyvnen-ikkala-tuominen-koho-burrows-ransom-wijsman-alinkedopendataserviceandportalforpremodernmanuscriptresearch-2019', 'https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/a-linked-open-data-service-and-portal-for-pre-modern-manuscript-r', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"A Linked Open Data Service and Portal for Pre-modern Manuscript Research [link]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/hyvnen-ikkala-tuominen-koho-burrows-ransom-wijsman-alinkedopendataserviceandportalforpremodernmanuscriptresearch-2019\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('hyvnen-ikkala-tuominen-koho-burrows-ransom-wijsman-alinkedopendataserviceandportalforpremodernmanuscriptresearch-2019')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@inproceedings{hyvonen_linked_2019,\n\ttitle = {A {Linked} {Open} {Data} {Service} and {Portal} for {Pre}-modern {Manuscript} {Research}},\n\turl = {https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/a-linked-open-data-service-and-portal-for-pre-modern-manuscript-r},\n\tlanguage = {English},\n\turldate = {2019-09-05},\n\tbooktitle = {Digital {Humanities} in {Nordic} {Countries}: {Proceedings} of the {Digital} {Humanities} in the {Nordic} {Countries} 4th {Conference}},\n\tpublisher = {CEUR-WS.org},\n\tauthor = {Hyvönen, Eero and Ikkala, Esko and Tuominen, Jouni and Koho, Mikko and Burrows, Toby and Ransom, Lynn and Wijsman, Hanno},\n\tyear = {2019},\n\tpages = {220--229},\n}\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_Wildi__T_\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_Wildi__T_')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_Wildi__T_')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>Wildi, T.</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (2)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"clavaud-wildi-icarecordsincontextsontologyricoasemanticframeworkfordescribingarchivalresources-2021\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"https://enc.hal.science/hal-03965776\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'clavaud-wildi-icarecordsincontextsontologyricoasemanticframeworkfordescribingarchivalresources-2021', 'https://enc.hal.science/hal-03965776', event);\">\n    ICA Records in Contexts-Ontology (RiC-O): a Semantic Framework for Describing Archival Resources.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Clavaud, F.;  and Wildi, T.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  In pages p. 79.  2021.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"https://enc.hal.science/hal-03965776\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('clavaud-wildi-icarecordsincontextsontologyricoasemanticframeworkfordescribingarchivalresources-2021', 'https://enc.hal.science/hal-03965776', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"ICA Records in Contexts-Ontology (RiC-O): a Semantic Framework for Describing Archival Resources [link]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/clavaud-wildi-icarecordsincontextsontologyricoasemanticframeworkfordescribingarchivalresources-2021\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('clavaud-wildi-icarecordsincontextsontologyricoasemanticframeworkfordescribingarchivalresources-2021')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@incollection{clavaud_ica_2021,\n\ttitle = {{ICA} {Records} in {Contexts}-{Ontology} ({RiC}-{O}): a {Semantic} {Framework} for {Describing} {Archival} {Resources}},\n\tshorttitle = {{ICA} {Records} in {Contexts}-{Ontology} ({RiC}-{O})},\n\turl = {https://enc.hal.science/hal-03965776},\n\tabstract = {This article gives an overview of the new Records in Contexts Ontology (RiC-O), which is available at https://www.ica.org/standards/RiC/ontology. This ontology is part of the Records in Contexts (RiC) standard, which has been developed by the International Council on Archives to describe and contextualize archival resources in a comprehensible way that goes beyond the possibilities of the existing archival standards. The article explains the rationale for developing a new standard for archival description, and particularly the ontology. It provides a quick overview of the RiC Conceptual Model and then focuses on RiC-O, its design principles and content and giving references to more precise documentation that is publicly available online. Finally, it presents the roadmap and future perspectives of RiC.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2023-08-18},\n\tauthor = {Clavaud, Florence and Wildi, Tobias},\n\tyear = {2021},\n\tpages = {p. 79},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  This article gives an overview of the new Records in Contexts Ontology (RiC-O), which is available at https://www.ica.org/standards/RiC/ontology. This ontology is part of the Records in Contexts (RiC) standard, which has been developed by the International Council on Archives to describe and contextualize archival resources in a comprehensible way that goes beyond the possibilities of the existing archival standards. The article explains the rationale for developing a new standard for archival description, and particularly the ontology. It provides a quick overview of the RiC Conceptual Model and then focuses on RiC-O, its design principles and content and giving references to more precise documentation that is publicly available online. Finally, it presents the roadmap and future perspectives of RiC.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"wildi-dubois-lematterhornrdfdatamodeldescriptionarchivistiqueetlinkedopendataversquelleconvergence-2019\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"https://www.slideshare.net/TobiasWildi/alain-dubois-tobias-wildi-le-matterhorn-rdf-data-model-description-archivistique-et-linked-open-data-vers-quelle-convergence-prsentation-au-forum-des-archivistes-5-avril-2019-saintetienne?from_m_app=ios\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'wildi-dubois-lematterhornrdfdatamodeldescriptionarchivistiqueetlinkedopendataversquelleconvergence-2019', 'https://www.slideshare.net/TobiasWildi/alain-dubois-tobias-wildi-le-matterhorn-rdf-data-model-description-archivistique-et-linked-open-data-vers-quelle-convergence-prsentation-au-forum-des-archivistes-5-avril-2019-saintetienne?from_m_app=ios', event);\">\n    Le Matterhorn RDF Data Model: Description archivistique et Linked Open Data. Vers quelle convergence?.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Wildi, T.;  and Dubois, A.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  May 2019.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"https://www.slideshare.net/TobiasWildi/alain-dubois-tobias-wildi-le-matterhorn-rdf-data-model-description-archivistique-et-linked-open-data-vers-quelle-convergence-prsentation-au-forum-des-archivistes-5-avril-2019-saintetienne?from_m_app=ios\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('wildi-dubois-lematterhornrdfdatamodeldescriptionarchivistiqueetlinkedopendataversquelleconvergence-2019', 'https://www.slideshare.net/TobiasWildi/alain-dubois-tobias-wildi-le-matterhorn-rdf-data-model-description-archivistique-et-linked-open-data-vers-quelle-convergence-prsentation-au-forum-des-archivistes-5-avril-2019-saintetienne?from_m_app=ios', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"Le Matterhorn RDF Data Model: Description archivistique et Linked Open Data. Vers quelle convergence? [link]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/wildi-dubois-lematterhornrdfdatamodeldescriptionarchivistiqueetlinkedopendataversquelleconvergence-2019\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('wildi-dubois-lematterhornrdfdatamodeldescriptionarchivistiqueetlinkedopendataversquelleconvergence-2019')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@misc{wildi_matterhorn_2019,\n\ttype = {Government \\&amp; {Nonprofit}},\n\ttitle = {Le {Matterhorn} {RDF} {Data} {Model}: {Description} archivistique et {Linked} {Open} {Data}. {Vers} quelle convergence?},\n\tshorttitle = {Alain {Dubois}, {Tobias} {Wildi}. {Le} {Matterhorn} {RDF} {Data} {Model}},\n\turl = {https://www.slideshare.net/TobiasWildi/alain-dubois-tobias-wildi-le-matterhorn-rdf-data-model-description-archivistique-et-linked-open-data-vers-quelle-convergence-prsentation-au-forum-des-archivistes-5-avril-2019-saintetienne?from_m_app=ios},\n\tabstract = {Approche généraliste du Matterhorn RDF Data Model: se\nfonder sur des},\n\tlanguage = {fr},\n\turldate = {2020-12-28},\n\tauthor = {Wildi, Tobias and Dubois, Alain},\n\tmonth = may,\n\tyear = {2019},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  Approche généraliste du Matterhorn RDF Data Model: se fonder sur des\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_W_rtz__F_\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_W_rtz__F_')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_W_rtz__F_')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>Würtz, F.</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (1)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"wrtz-archivallinkedopendataempfehlungenfrbestehendemetadatenundmassnahmenfrdiezukunftamfallbeispieldesschweizerischensozialarchivs-2020\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"https://bop.unibe.ch/iw/article/view/7083\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'wrtz-archivallinkedopendataempfehlungenfrbestehendemetadatenundmassnahmenfrdiezukunftamfallbeispieldesschweizerischensozialarchivs-2020', 'https://bop.unibe.ch/iw/article/view/7083', event);\">\n    Archival Linked (Open) Data: Empfehlungen für bestehende Metadaten und Massnahmen für die Zukunft am Fallbeispiel des Schweizerischen Sozialarchivs.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Würtz, F.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>Informationswissenschaft: Theorie, Methode und Praxis</i>, 6(1): 312–423. July 2020.\n  <span class=\"note\">Number: 1</span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"https://bop.unibe.ch/iw/article/view/7083\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('wrtz-archivallinkedopendataempfehlungenfrbestehendemetadatenundmassnahmenfrdiezukunftamfallbeispieldesschweizerischensozialarchivs-2020', 'https://bop.unibe.ch/iw/article/view/7083', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"Archival Linked (Open) Data: Empfehlungen für bestehende Metadaten und Massnahmen für die Zukunft am Fallbeispiel des Schweizerischen Sozialarchivs [link]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.18755/iw.2020.17\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('wrtz-archivallinkedopendataempfehlungenfrbestehendemetadatenundmassnahmenfrdiezukunftamfallbeispieldesschweizerischensozialarchivs-2020', 'http://doi.org/10.18755/iw.2020.17', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/wrtz-archivallinkedopendataempfehlungenfrbestehendemetadatenundmassnahmenfrdiezukunftamfallbeispieldesschweizerischensozialarchivs-2020\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('wrtz-archivallinkedopendataempfehlungenfrbestehendemetadatenundmassnahmenfrdiezukunftamfallbeispieldesschweizerischensozialarchivs-2020')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{wurtz_archival_2020,\n\ttitle = {Archival {Linked} ({Open}) {Data}: {Empfehlungen} für bestehende {Metadaten} und {Massnahmen} für die {Zukunft} am {Fallbeispiel} des {Schweizerischen} {Sozialarchivs}},\n\tvolume = {6},\n\tcopyright = {Copyright (c) 2020 Fabian Würtz},\n\tissn = {2297-9069},\n\tshorttitle = {Archival {Linked} ({Open}) {Data}},\n\turl = {https://bop.unibe.ch/iw/article/view/7083},\n\tdoi = {10.18755/iw.2020.17},\n\tabstract = {Eine Kernaufgabe der Archive ist die Erschliessung des Archivguts. Bisher wurden Archivbestände meist als hierarchische und isolierte Einheiten verzeichnet. Die zunehmende Digitalisierung, neue Fachbereiche wie die Digital Humanities oder Entwicklungen wie das Semantic Web bzw. Linked Open Data haben jedoch neue Ideen in die Archivwelt getragen. Einer der deutlichsten Vorboten dieser neuen Welt ist Records in Context (RiC). Der neue Verzeichnungsstandard des wichtigen International Council on Archives (ICA) ist konzeptionell auf Linked Open Data und das Semantic Web ausgerichtet. Doch was bedeutet es für die Archive, wenn aus den bisher isolierten Beständen verlinkte und maschinenlesbare Netzwerke entstehen sollen? Wie sollen archivalische Metadaten und Datenmodelle in Linked Open Data aussehen und an welche Qualitätsansprüche sollen diese neu berücksichtigen?Um diese Fragen zu beantworten hat die Arbeit das Konzept und die Technologien die Linked Open Data zugrunde liegen vorgestellt. Danach wurden Qualitätsmerkmale für Linked Open Data zusammengetragen und der momentane Stand von Linked Open Data im Archivbereich beleuchtet. Dabei wurde unter anderem bereits existierende Ansätze und Anwendungen aus dem Archivbereich vorgestellt und mit den Qualitätsmerkmalen verglichen. Die Überprüfung der Praxistauglichkeit der Qualitätsmerkmale erfolgte am Fallbeispiel der Metadaten des Schweizerischen Sozialarchivs.Auf Basis der erarbeitenden Resultate spricht die Arbeit eine Reihe von Empfehlungen aus. Diese richten sich an Archive, die sich mit dem Thema Linked Open Data beschäftigen oder eine Anwendung in diesem Bereich planen.},\n\tlanguage = {de},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2021-03-17},\n\tjournal = {Informationswissenschaft: Theorie, Methode und Praxis},\n\tauthor = {Würtz, Fabian},\n\tmonth = jul,\n\tyear = {2020},\n\tnote = {Number: 1},\n\tpages = {312--423},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  Eine Kernaufgabe der Archive ist die Erschliessung des Archivguts. Bisher wurden Archivbestände meist als hierarchische und isolierte Einheiten verzeichnet. Die zunehmende Digitalisierung, neue Fachbereiche wie die Digital Humanities oder Entwicklungen wie das Semantic Web bzw. Linked Open Data haben jedoch neue Ideen in die Archivwelt getragen. Einer der deutlichsten Vorboten dieser neuen Welt ist Records in Context (RiC). Der neue Verzeichnungsstandard des wichtigen International Council on Archives (ICA) ist konzeptionell auf Linked Open Data und das Semantic Web ausgerichtet. Doch was bedeutet es für die Archive, wenn aus den bisher isolierten Beständen verlinkte und maschinenlesbare Netzwerke entstehen sollen? Wie sollen archivalische Metadaten und Datenmodelle in Linked Open Data aussehen und an welche Qualitätsansprüche sollen diese neu berücksichtigen?Um diese Fragen zu beantworten hat die Arbeit das Konzept und die Technologien die Linked Open Data zugrunde liegen vorgestellt. Danach wurden Qualitätsmerkmale für Linked Open Data zusammengetragen und der momentane Stand von Linked Open Data im Archivbereich beleuchtet. Dabei wurde unter anderem bereits existierende Ansätze und Anwendungen aus dem Archivbereich vorgestellt und mit den Qualitätsmerkmalen verglichen. Die Überprüfung der Praxistauglichkeit der Qualitätsmerkmale erfolgte am Fallbeispiel der Metadaten des Schweizerischen Sozialarchivs.Auf Basis der erarbeitenden Resultate spricht die Arbeit eine Reihe von Empfehlungen aus. Diese richten sich an Archive, die sich mit dem Thema Linked Open Data beschäftigen oder eine Anwendung in diesem Bereich planen.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n\n\n\n  </div>\n\n\n  <!-- Modal -->\n\n  <!-- <iframe id=\"bibbase_network_frame\" -->\n  <!--         src=\"//bibbase.org/network/control\" -->\n  <!--         style=\"display: none;\"> -->\n  <!-- </iframe> -->\n\n</div>\n"}; document.write(bibbase_data.data);