var bibbase_data = {"data":"<img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/ajax-loader.gif\" id=\"spinner\"\n  style=\"display: none;\" alt=\"Loading..\" />\n\n<div id=\"bibbase\">\n\n  <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n    var bibbase = {\n      params: {\"bib\":\"https://api.zotero.org/users/5282573/collections/4YGI6X6F/items?key=JiZKPVdgVk2fnaGXhvvCBHqI&format=bibtex&limit=100\",\"jsonp\":\"1\",\"host\":\"bibbase.org\"},\n      data: [{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Development of a Neighbourhood Walkability Index for Porto Metropolitan Area. How Strongly Is Walkability Associated with Walking for Transport?\",\"volume\":\"15\",\"issn\":\"1660-4601\",\"doi\":\"10.3390/ijerph15122767\",\"abstract\":\"The creation of walkable communities constitutes a cost-effective health promotion strategy, as walking is an accessible and free intervention for increasing physical activity and health. In this cross-sectional ecological study, we developed a walkability index for the Porto Metropolitan Area and we validated it by assessing its association with walking for transportation. Neighborhood walkability was measured using a geographic information system and resulted from the weighted sum of residential density, street connectivity, and a destination-based entropy index. The index was categorized into quintiles of increasing walkability. Among the 1,112,555 individuals living in the study area, 28.1% resided in neighborhoods in the upper quintile of walkability and 15.8% resided in the least walkable neighborhoods. Adjusted regression models revealed that individuals residing in the most walkable neighborhoods are 81% more likely to report walking for transportation, compared with those from the least walkable neighborhoods (odds ratio: 1.81; 95% confidence intervals: 1.76⁻1.87). These results suggest that community design strategies to improve walkability may promote walking behavior.\",\"language\":\"eng\",\"number\":\"12\",\"journal\":\"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ribeiro\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ana\",\"Isabel\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hoffimann\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Elaine\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2018\",\"pmid\":\"30563290\",\"keywords\":\"Adolescent, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Environment Design, Female, Geographic Information Systems, Health Promotion, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Portugal, Residence Characteristics, Transportation, Urban Population, Walking, Young Adult, built environment, health promotion, physical activity, urban form, urban health, walking\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{ribeiro_development_2018,\\n\\ttitle = {Development of a {Neighbourhood} {Walkability} {Index} for {Porto} {Metropolitan} {Area}. {How} {Strongly} {Is} {Walkability} {Associated} with {Walking} for {Transport}?},\\n\\tvolume = {15},\\n\\tissn = {1660-4601},\\n\\tdoi = {10.3390/ijerph15122767},\\n\\tabstract = {The creation of walkable communities constitutes a cost-effective health promotion strategy, as walking is an accessible and free intervention for increasing physical activity and health. In this cross-sectional ecological study, we developed a walkability index for the Porto Metropolitan Area and we validated it by assessing its association with walking for transportation. Neighborhood walkability was measured using a geographic information system and resulted from the weighted sum of residential density, street connectivity, and a destination-based entropy index. The index was categorized into quintiles of increasing walkability. Among the 1,112,555 individuals living in the study area, 28.1\\\\% resided in neighborhoods in the upper quintile of walkability and 15.8\\\\% resided in the least walkable neighborhoods. Adjusted regression models revealed that individuals residing in the most walkable neighborhoods are 81\\\\% more likely to report walking for transportation, compared with those from the least walkable neighborhoods (odds ratio: 1.81; 95\\\\% confidence intervals: 1.76⁻1.87). These results suggest that community design strategies to improve walkability may promote walking behavior.},\\n\\tlanguage = {eng},\\n\\tnumber = {12},\\n\\tjournal = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health},\\n\\tauthor = {Ribeiro, Ana Isabel and Hoffimann, Elaine},\\n\\tyear = {2018},\\n\\tpmid = {30563290},\\n\\tkeywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Environment Design, Female, Geographic Information Systems, Health Promotion, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Portugal, Residence Characteristics, Transportation, Urban Population, Walking, Young Adult, built environment, health promotion, physical activity, urban form, urban health, walking},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Ribeiro, A. I.\",\"Hoffimann, E.\"],\"key\":\"ribeiro_development_2018\",\"id\":\"ribeiro_development_2018\",\"bibbaseid\":\"ribeiro-hoffimann-developmentofaneighbourhoodwalkabilityindexforportometropolitanareahowstronglyiswalkabilityassociatedwithwalkingfortransport-2018\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{},\"keyword\":[\"Adolescent\",\"Adult\",\"Cross-Sectional Studies\",\"Environment Design\",\"Female\",\"Geographic Information Systems\",\"Health Promotion\",\"Humans\",\"Male\",\"Middle Aged\",\"Portugal\",\"Residence Characteristics\",\"Transportation\",\"Urban Population\",\"Walking\",\"Young Adult\",\"built environment\",\"health promotion\",\"physical activity\",\"urban form\",\"urban health\",\"walking\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"downloads\":0,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"How race, ethnicity, and income moderate the relationship between urban vegetation and physical activity in the United States\",\"volume\":\"121\",\"issn\":\"0091-7435\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.01.022\",\"abstract\":\"To facilitate physical activity interventions, researchers identify which factors associate with physical activity, such as vegetation levels of the surrounding environment. While most studies examining vegetation and physical activity find a positive correlation, the literature does not investigate how vegetation may have a varied effect on physical activity based on demographic composition. This study examined how race, ethnicity, and income moderate the relationship between both non-tree vegetation and tree canopy on the percentage of individuals participating in leisure-time physical activity per census tract. Physical activity data from 2013 to 2014 for 7842 census tracts across 25 US cities originated from the CDC's 500 Cities project. Aerial images from the USDA's National Agriculture Imagery Program were used to classify vegetation levels per tract. Demographic variables originated from the American Community Survey 2011-2015 5-year estimates. Tracts were stratified into four types (Black + low income, Hispanic + low income, White + high income, and remaining) and assessed through multilevel modeling as to whether tract type moderated the relationship between vegetation and physical activity. Results showed that non-tree vegetation negatively associated with physical activity across all census tract types, while tree canopy exhibited a mixed association with physical activity, based on tract type. These findings can spur further research into how vegetation impacts physical activity of different demographic groups, and potentially inform greenspace and tree planting installments in those areas at greatest risk for physical inactivity-related diseases.\",\"journal\":\"Preventive Medicine\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lanza\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Kevin\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Stone\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Brian\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Haardörfer\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Regine\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Stone\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Brian\",\"Jr\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"April\",\"year\":\"2019\",\"pages\":\"55–61\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{lanza_how_2019,\\n\\ttitle = {How race, ethnicity, and income moderate the relationship between urban vegetation and physical activity in the {United} {States}},\\n\\tvolume = {121},\\n\\tissn = {0091-7435},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.01.022},\\n\\tabstract = {To facilitate physical activity interventions, researchers identify which factors associate with physical activity, such as vegetation levels of the surrounding environment. While most studies examining vegetation and physical activity find a positive correlation, the literature does not investigate how vegetation may have a varied effect on physical activity based on demographic composition. This study examined how race, ethnicity, and income moderate the relationship between both non-tree vegetation and tree canopy on the percentage of individuals participating in leisure-time physical activity per census tract. Physical activity data from 2013 to 2014 for 7842 census tracts across 25 US cities originated from the CDC's 500 Cities project. Aerial images from the USDA's National Agriculture Imagery Program were used to classify vegetation levels per tract. Demographic variables originated from the American Community Survey 2011-2015 5-year estimates. Tracts were stratified into four types (Black + low income, Hispanic + low income, White + high income, and remaining) and assessed through multilevel modeling as to whether tract type moderated the relationship between vegetation and physical activity. Results showed that non-tree vegetation negatively associated with physical activity across all census tract types, while tree canopy exhibited a mixed association with physical activity, based on tract type. These findings can spur further research into how vegetation impacts physical activity of different demographic groups, and potentially inform greenspace and tree planting installments in those areas at greatest risk for physical inactivity-related diseases.},\\n\\tjournal = {Preventive Medicine},\\n\\tauthor = {Lanza, Kevin and Stone, Brian and Haardörfer, Regine and Stone, Brian Jr},\\n\\tmonth = apr,\\n\\tyear = {2019},\\n\\tpages = {55--61},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Lanza, K.\",\"Stone, B.\",\"Haardörfer, R.\",\"Stone, B. J.\"],\"key\":\"lanza_how_2019\",\"id\":\"lanza_how_2019\",\"bibbaseid\":\"lanza-stone-haardrfer-stone-howraceethnicityandincomemoderatetherelationshipbetweenurbanvegetationandphysicalactivityintheunitedstates-2019\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"downloads\":0,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Mobile bicycle sharing: the social trend that could change how we move\",\"volume\":\"3\",\"issn\":\"2468-2667\",\"shorttitle\":\"Mobile bicycle sharing\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/S2468-2667(18)30066-5\",\"language\":\"eng\",\"number\":\"5\",\"journal\":\"The Lancet. Public Health\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ding\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ding\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jia\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Yingnan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Gebel\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Klaus\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2018\",\"pmid\":\"29678559\",\"keywords\":\"Bicycling, China, Cities, Global Health, Humans, Social Change, Transportation\",\"pages\":\"e215\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{ding_mobile_2018,\\n\\ttitle = {Mobile bicycle sharing: the social trend that could change how we move},\\n\\tvolume = {3},\\n\\tissn = {2468-2667},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Mobile bicycle sharing},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1016/S2468-2667(18)30066-5},\\n\\tlanguage = {eng},\\n\\tnumber = {5},\\n\\tjournal = {The Lancet. Public Health},\\n\\tauthor = {Ding, Ding and Jia, Yingnan and Gebel, Klaus},\\n\\tyear = {2018},\\n\\tpmid = {29678559},\\n\\tkeywords = {Bicycling, China, Cities, Global Health, Humans, Social Change, Transportation},\\n\\tpages = {e215},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Ding, D.\",\"Jia, Y.\",\"Gebel, K.\"],\"key\":\"ding_mobile_2018\",\"id\":\"ding_mobile_2018\",\"bibbaseid\":\"ding-jia-gebel-mobilebicyclesharingthesocialtrendthatcouldchangehowwemove-2018\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{},\"keyword\":[\"Bicycling\",\"China\",\"Cities\",\"Global Health\",\"Humans\",\"Social Change\",\"Transportation\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"downloads\":0,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Foot-based audit of streets adjacent to new light rail stations in Houston, Texas: measurement of health-related characteristics of the built environment for physical activity research\",\"volume\":\"19\",\"issn\":\"1471-2458\",\"shorttitle\":\"Foot-based audit of streets adjacent to new light rail stations in Houston, Texas\",\"doi\":\"10.1186/s12889-019-6560-4\",\"abstract\":\"BACKGROUND: Active travel to and from a transit station may provide significant amounts of physical activity and improve health. The ease with which people can traverse the distance to the transit station may impede or support active travel. Therefore, transit stations that have features that are supportive of utilitarian physical activity would be desirable. This study aimed to characterize the built environment surrounding new light rail transit (LRT) stations in the City of Houston, Texas. METHODS: In 2014, we used a series of systematic protocols and a standardized environmental audit instrument, the Analytic Audit Tool, to collect data on segments (streets) that surround 22 LRT stations that were being newly built. Using Geographic Information System (GIS), we assembled all the segments that intersect a 0.25-mile circular buffer around each station for the audit exercise. Several 3- to 4-member teams of trained auditors completed the audit exercise on a subset of these identified segments. Our analysis were descriptive in nature. We provided the frequency distributions of audited features across the study area. We also followed an original algorithm to produce several composite index scores for our study area. The composite index score is indicative of the prevalence of physical activity friendly/unfriendly features in the study area. RESULTS: In all, we audited a total of 590 segments covering a total of 218 US Census blocks, and eight City of Houston super neighborhoods. Findings suggest the environment around the new LRT stations may not be supportive of physical activity. In general, the audited segments lacked land use integration; had abandoned buildings, had uneven sidewalks; were not bike-friendly, had minimal presence of public-recreational facilities that would support physical activity; and had significant physical disorder. Notably, certain attractive and comfort features were frequently to usually available. CONCLUSIONS: Current findings, which will be compared to follow-up audit data, can be useful for future researchers and practitioners interested in the built environment around LRT stations.\",\"language\":\"eng\",\"number\":\"1\",\"journal\":\"BMC public health\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Oluyomi\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Abiodun\",\"O.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Knell\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Gregory\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Durand\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Casey\",\"P.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Mercader\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Clara\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Salvo\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Deborah\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sener\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ipek\",\"N.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Gabriel\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Kelley\",\"Pettee\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hoelscher\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Deanna\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kohl\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Harold\",\"W.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"February\",\"year\":\"2019\",\"pmid\":\"30819121\",\"pmcid\":\"PMC6393971\",\"keywords\":\"Active commute, Built environment, Environmental audit, Physical activity, Urban health\",\"pages\":\"238\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{oluyomi_foot-based_2019,\\n\\ttitle = {Foot-based audit of streets adjacent to new light rail stations in {Houston}, {Texas}: measurement of health-related characteristics of the built environment for physical activity research},\\n\\tvolume = {19},\\n\\tissn = {1471-2458},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Foot-based audit of streets adjacent to new light rail stations in {Houston}, {Texas}},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1186/s12889-019-6560-4},\\n\\tabstract = {BACKGROUND: Active travel to and from a transit station may provide significant amounts of physical activity and improve health. The ease with which people can traverse the distance to the transit station may impede or support active travel. Therefore, transit stations that have features that are supportive of utilitarian physical activity would be desirable. This study aimed to characterize the built environment surrounding new light rail transit (LRT) stations in the City of Houston, Texas.\\nMETHODS: In 2014, we used a series of systematic protocols and a standardized environmental audit instrument, the Analytic Audit Tool, to collect data on segments (streets) that surround 22 LRT stations that were being newly built. Using Geographic Information System (GIS), we assembled all the segments that intersect a 0.25-mile circular buffer around each station for the audit exercise. Several 3- to 4-member teams of trained auditors completed the audit exercise on a subset of these identified segments. Our analysis were descriptive in nature. We provided the frequency distributions of audited features across the study area. We also followed an original algorithm to produce several composite index scores for our study area. The composite index score is indicative of the prevalence of physical activity friendly/unfriendly features in the study area.\\nRESULTS: In all, we audited a total of 590 segments covering a total of 218 US Census blocks, and eight City of Houston super neighborhoods. Findings suggest the environment around the new LRT stations may not be supportive of physical activity. In general, the audited segments lacked land use integration; had abandoned buildings, had uneven sidewalks; were not bike-friendly, had minimal presence of public-recreational facilities that would support physical activity; and had significant physical disorder. Notably, certain attractive and comfort features were frequently to usually available.\\nCONCLUSIONS: Current findings, which will be compared to follow-up audit data, can be useful for future researchers and practitioners interested in the built environment around LRT stations.},\\n\\tlanguage = {eng},\\n\\tnumber = {1},\\n\\tjournal = {BMC public health},\\n\\tauthor = {Oluyomi, Abiodun O. and Knell, Gregory and Durand, Casey P. and Mercader, Clara and Salvo, Deborah and Sener, Ipek N. and Gabriel, Kelley Pettee and Hoelscher, Deanna M. and Kohl, Harold W.},\\n\\tmonth = feb,\\n\\tyear = {2019},\\n\\tpmid = {30819121},\\n\\tpmcid = {PMC6393971},\\n\\tkeywords = {Active commute, Built environment, Environmental audit, Physical activity, Urban health},\\n\\tpages = {238},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Oluyomi, A. O.\",\"Knell, G.\",\"Durand, C. P.\",\"Mercader, C.\",\"Salvo, D.\",\"Sener, I. N.\",\"Gabriel, K. P.\",\"Hoelscher, D. M.\",\"Kohl, H. W.\"],\"key\":\"oluyomi_foot-based_2019\",\"id\":\"oluyomi_foot-based_2019\",\"bibbaseid\":\"oluyomi-knell-durand-mercader-salvo-sener-gabriel-hoelscher-etal-footbasedauditofstreetsadjacenttonewlightrailstationsinhoustontexasmeasurementofhealthrelatedcharacteristicsofthebuiltenvironmentforphysicalactivityresearch-2019\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{},\"keyword\":[\"Active commute\",\"Built environment\",\"Environmental audit\",\"Physical activity\",\"Urban health\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"downloads\":0,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Internet of Bikes: A DTN Protocol with Data Aggregation for Urban Data Collection\",\"volume\":\"18\",\"issn\":\"1424-8220\",\"shorttitle\":\"Internet of Bikes\",\"doi\":\"10.3390/s18092819\",\"abstract\":\"Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) are an essential part of the global world. They play a substantial role for facing many issues such as traffic jams, high accident rates, unhealthy lifestyles, air pollution, etc. Public bike sharing system is one part of ITS and can be used to collect data from mobiles devices. In this paper, we propose an efficient, \\\"Internet of Bikes\\\", IoB-DTN routing protocol based on data aggregation which applies the Delay Tolerant Network (DTN) paradigm to Internet of Things (IoT) applications running data collection on urban bike sharing system based sensor network. We propose and evaluate three variants of IoB-DTN: IoB based on spatial aggregation (IoB-SA), IoB based on temporal aggregation (IoB-TA) and IoB based on spatiotemporal aggregation (IoB-STA). The simulation results show that the three variants offer the best performances regarding several metrics, comparing to IoB-DTN without aggregation and the low-power long-range technology, LoRa type. In an urban application, the choice of the type of which variant of IoB should be used depends on the sensed values.\",\"language\":\"eng\",\"number\":\"9\",\"journal\":\"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Zguira\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Yosra\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Rivano\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Hervé\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Meddeb\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Aref\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"August\",\"year\":\"2018\",\"pmid\":\"30150525\",\"pmcid\":\"PMC6163721\",\"keywords\":\"LoRa/LoRaWAN, data aggregation, data collection, delay tolerant networks, internet of bikes, internet of things, low-power long-range technology, smart cities, wireless sensor networks\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{zguira_internet_2018,\\n\\ttitle = {Internet of {Bikes}: {A} {DTN} {Protocol} with {Data} {Aggregation} for {Urban} {Data} {Collection}},\\n\\tvolume = {18},\\n\\tissn = {1424-8220},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Internet of {Bikes}},\\n\\tdoi = {10.3390/s18092819},\\n\\tabstract = {Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) are an essential part of the global world. They play a substantial role for facing many issues such as traffic jams, high accident rates, unhealthy lifestyles, air pollution, etc. Public bike sharing system is one part of ITS and can be used to collect data from mobiles devices. In this paper, we propose an efficient, \\\"Internet of Bikes\\\", IoB-DTN routing protocol based on data aggregation which applies the Delay Tolerant Network (DTN) paradigm to Internet of Things (IoT) applications running data collection on urban bike sharing system based sensor network. We propose and evaluate three variants of IoB-DTN: IoB based on spatial aggregation (IoB-SA), IoB based on temporal aggregation (IoB-TA) and IoB based on spatiotemporal aggregation (IoB-STA). The simulation results show that the three variants offer the best performances regarding several metrics, comparing to IoB-DTN without aggregation and the low-power long-range technology, LoRa type. In an urban application, the choice of the type of which variant of IoB should be used depends on the sensed values.},\\n\\tlanguage = {eng},\\n\\tnumber = {9},\\n\\tjournal = {Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)},\\n\\tauthor = {Zguira, Yosra and Rivano, Hervé and Meddeb, Aref},\\n\\tmonth = aug,\\n\\tyear = {2018},\\n\\tpmid = {30150525},\\n\\tpmcid = {PMC6163721},\\n\\tkeywords = {LoRa/LoRaWAN, data aggregation, data collection, delay tolerant networks, internet of bikes, internet of things, low-power long-range technology, smart cities, wireless sensor networks},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Zguira, Y.\",\"Rivano, H.\",\"Meddeb, A.\"],\"key\":\"zguira_internet_2018\",\"id\":\"zguira_internet_2018\",\"bibbaseid\":\"zguira-rivano-meddeb-internetofbikesadtnprotocolwithdataaggregationforurbandatacollection-2018\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{},\"keyword\":[\"LoRa/LoRaWAN\",\"data aggregation\",\"data collection\",\"delay tolerant networks\",\"internet of bikes\",\"internet of things\",\"low-power long-range technology\",\"smart cities\",\"wireless sensor networks\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"downloads\":0,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"misc\",\"type\":\"misc\",\"title\":\"Impacts of built environment and emerging green technologies on daily transportation greenhouse gas emissions in Quebec cities: a disaggregate modeling approach \\\\textbar SpringerLink\",\"url\":\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11116-015-9631-0\",\"urldate\":\"2019-02-26\",\"bibtex\":\"@misc{noauthor_impacts_nodate,\\n\\ttitle = {Impacts of built environment and emerging green technologies on daily transportation greenhouse gas emissions in {Quebec} cities: a disaggregate modeling approach {\\\\textbar} {SpringerLink}},\\n\\turl = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11116-015-9631-0},\\n\\turldate = {2019-02-26},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"key\":\"noauthor_impacts_nodate\",\"id\":\"noauthor_impacts_nodate\",\"bibbaseid\":\"anonymous-impactsofbuiltenvironmentandemerginggreentechnologiesondailytransportationgreenhousegasemissionsinquebeccitiesadisaggregatemodelingapproachtextbarspringerlink\",\"role\":\"\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11116-015-9631-0\"},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"downloads\":0,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Systematic literature review of built environment effects on physical activity and active transport - an update and new findings on health equity\",\"volume\":\"14\",\"issn\":\"1479-5868\",\"doi\":\"10.1186/s12966-017-0613-9\",\"abstract\":\"BACKGROUND: Evidence is mounting to suggest a causal relationship between the built environment and people's physical activity behaviours, particularly active transport. The evidence base has been hindered to date by restricted consideration of cost and economic factors associated with built environment interventions, investigation of socioeconomic or ethnic differences in intervention effects, and an inability to isolate the effect of the built environment from other intervention types. The aims of this systematic review were to identify which environmental interventions increase physical activity in residents at the local level, and to build on the evidence base by considering intervention cost, and the differential effects of interventions by ethnicity and socioeconomic status. METHODS: A systematic database search was conducted in June 2015. Articles were eligible if they reported a quantitative empirical study (natural experiment or a prospective, retrospective, experimental, or longitudinal research) investigating the relationship between objectively measured built environment feature(s) and physical activity and/or travel behaviours in children or adults. Quality assessment was conducted and data on intervention cost and whether the effect of the built environment differed by ethnicity or socioeconomic status were extracted. RESULTS: Twenty-eight studies were included in the review. Findings showed a positive effect of walkability components, provision of quality parks and playgrounds, and installation of or improvements in active transport infrastructure on active transport, physical activity, and visits or use of settings. There was some indication that infrastructure improvements may predominantly benefit socioeconomically advantaged groups. Studies were commonly limited by selection bias and insufficient controlling for confounders. Heterogeneity in study design and reporting limited comparability across studies or any clear conclusions to be made regarding intervention cost. CONCLUSIONS: Improving neighbourhood walkability, quality of parks and playgrounds, and providing adequate active transport infrastructure is likely to generate positive impacts on activity in children and adults. The possibility that the benefits of infrastructure improvements may be inequitably distributed requires further investigation. Opportunities to improve the quality of evidence exist, including strategies to improve response rates and representativeness, use of valid and reliable measurement tools, cost-benefit analyses, and adequate controlling for confounders.\",\"language\":\"eng\",\"number\":\"1\",\"journal\":\"The International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Smith\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Melody\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hosking\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jamie\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Woodward\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Alistair\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Witten\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Karen\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"MacMillan\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Alexandra\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Field\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Adrian\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Baas\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Peter\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Mackie\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Hamish\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2017\",\"pmid\":\"29145884\",\"pmcid\":\"PMC5693449\",\"keywords\":\"Bicycling, Causation, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Cycling, Environment Design, Exercise, Health Equity, Health equality, Humans, Playgrounds, Residence Characteristics, Socioeconomic Factors, Transportation, Urban form, Walkability, Walking\",\"pages\":\"158\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{smith_systematic_2017,\\n\\ttitle = {Systematic literature review of built environment effects on physical activity and active transport - an update and new findings on health equity},\\n\\tvolume = {14},\\n\\tissn = {1479-5868},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1186/s12966-017-0613-9},\\n\\tabstract = {BACKGROUND: Evidence is mounting to suggest a causal relationship between the built environment and people's physical activity behaviours, particularly active transport. The evidence base has been hindered to date by restricted consideration of cost and economic factors associated with built environment interventions, investigation of socioeconomic or ethnic differences in intervention effects, and an inability to isolate the effect of the built environment from other intervention types. The aims of this systematic review were to identify which environmental interventions increase physical activity in residents at the local level, and to build on the evidence base by considering intervention cost, and the differential effects of interventions by ethnicity and socioeconomic status.\\nMETHODS: A systematic database search was conducted in June 2015. Articles were eligible if they reported a quantitative empirical study (natural experiment or a prospective, retrospective, experimental, or longitudinal research) investigating the relationship between objectively measured built environment feature(s) and physical activity and/or travel behaviours in children or adults. Quality assessment was conducted and data on intervention cost and whether the effect of the built environment differed by ethnicity or socioeconomic status were extracted.\\nRESULTS: Twenty-eight studies were included in the review. Findings showed a positive effect of walkability components, provision of quality parks and playgrounds, and installation of or improvements in active transport infrastructure on active transport, physical activity, and visits or use of settings. There was some indication that infrastructure improvements may predominantly benefit socioeconomically advantaged groups. Studies were commonly limited by selection bias and insufficient controlling for confounders. Heterogeneity in study design and reporting limited comparability across studies or any clear conclusions to be made regarding intervention cost.\\nCONCLUSIONS: Improving neighbourhood walkability, quality of parks and playgrounds, and providing adequate active transport infrastructure is likely to generate positive impacts on activity in children and adults. The possibility that the benefits of infrastructure improvements may be inequitably distributed requires further investigation. Opportunities to improve the quality of evidence exist, including strategies to improve response rates and representativeness, use of valid and reliable measurement tools, cost-benefit analyses, and adequate controlling for confounders.},\\n\\tlanguage = {eng},\\n\\tnumber = {1},\\n\\tjournal = {The International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity},\\n\\tauthor = {Smith, Melody and Hosking, Jamie and Woodward, Alistair and Witten, Karen and MacMillan, Alexandra and Field, Adrian and Baas, Peter and Mackie, Hamish},\\n\\tyear = {2017},\\n\\tpmid = {29145884},\\n\\tpmcid = {PMC5693449},\\n\\tkeywords = {Bicycling, Causation, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Cycling, Environment Design, Exercise, Health Equity, Health equality, Humans, Playgrounds, Residence Characteristics, Socioeconomic Factors, Transportation, Urban form, Walkability, Walking},\\n\\tpages = {158},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Smith, M.\",\"Hosking, J.\",\"Woodward, A.\",\"Witten, K.\",\"MacMillan, A.\",\"Field, A.\",\"Baas, P.\",\"Mackie, H.\"],\"key\":\"smith_systematic_2017\",\"id\":\"smith_systematic_2017\",\"bibbaseid\":\"smith-hosking-woodward-witten-macmillan-field-baas-mackie-systematicliteraturereviewofbuiltenvironmenteffectsonphysicalactivityandactivetransportanupdateandnewfindingsonhealthequity-2017\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{},\"keyword\":[\"Bicycling\",\"Causation\",\"Cost-Benefit Analysis\",\"Cycling\",\"Environment Design\",\"Exercise\",\"Health Equity\",\"Health equality\",\"Humans\",\"Playgrounds\",\"Residence Characteristics\",\"Socioeconomic Factors\",\"Transportation\",\"Urban form\",\"Walkability\",\"Walking\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"downloads\":0,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Demographic factors, workplace factors and active transportation use in the USA: a secondary analysis of 2009 NHTS data\",\"volume\":\"71\",\"issn\":\"1470-2738\",\"shorttitle\":\"Demographic factors, workplace factors and active transportation use in the USA\",\"doi\":\"10.1136/jech-2016-207820\",\"abstract\":\"BACKGROUND: While active transportation has health, economic and environmental benefits, participation within the USA is low. The purpose of this study is to examine relationships of demographic and workplace factors with health-enhancing active transportation and commuting. METHODS: Participants in the 2009 National Household Travel Survey reported demographics, workplace factors (time/distance to work, flextime availability, option to work from home and work start time) and active transportation (for any purpose) or commuting (to and from work, workers only) as walking or biking (≥10 min bouts only). Multiple logistic regression examined cross-sectional relationships between demographics and workplace factors with active transportation and commuting. RESULTS: Among 152 573 participants, active transportation was reported by 1.11% by biking and 11.74% by walking. Among 111 808 working participants, active commuting was reported by 0.80% by biking and 2.76% by walking. Increased odds (p\\\\textless0.05) of active commuting and transportation were associated with younger age, lower income, urban dwelling, and the highest and lowest education categories. Males had greater odds of commuting and transporting by bike but decreased odds of walk transporting. Inconsistent patterns were observed by race, but whites had greater odds of any biking (p\\\\textless0.05). Odds of active commuting were higher with a flexible schedule (p\\\\textless0.001), the option to work from home (p\\\\textless0.05), shorter time and distance to work (both p\\\\textless0.001), and work arrival time between 11:00 and 15:59 (walking only, p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Active transportation differed across demographic and workplace factors. These relationships could inform infrastructure policy decisions and workplace wellness programming targeting increased active transportation.\",\"language\":\"eng\",\"number\":\"5\",\"journal\":\"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Quinn\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Tyler\",\"D.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jakicic\"],\"firstnames\":[\"John\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Fertman\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Carl\",\"I.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Barone\",\"Gibbs\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Bethany\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2017\",\"pmid\":\"27986862\",\"keywords\":\"Adult, Bicycling, Choice Behavior, Cross-Sectional Studies, DEMOGRAPHY, Female, Health Behavior, Health Promotion, Humans, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, TRAFFIC, Transportation, Travel, United States, WORKPLACE, Walking, Workplace, Young Adult\",\"pages\":\"480–486\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{quinn_demographic_2017,\\n\\ttitle = {Demographic factors, workplace factors and active transportation use in the {USA}: a secondary analysis of 2009 {NHTS} data},\\n\\tvolume = {71},\\n\\tissn = {1470-2738},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Demographic factors, workplace factors and active transportation use in the {USA}},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1136/jech-2016-207820},\\n\\tabstract = {BACKGROUND: While active transportation has health, economic and environmental benefits, participation within the USA is low. The purpose of this study is to examine relationships of demographic and workplace factors with health-enhancing active transportation and commuting.\\nMETHODS: Participants in the 2009 National Household Travel Survey reported demographics, workplace factors (time/distance to work, flextime availability, option to work from home and work start time) and active transportation (for any purpose) or commuting (to and from work, workers only) as walking or biking (≥10 min bouts only). Multiple logistic regression examined cross-sectional relationships between demographics and workplace factors with active transportation and commuting.\\nRESULTS: Among 152 573 participants, active transportation was reported by 1.11\\\\% by biking and 11.74\\\\% by walking. Among 111 808 working participants, active commuting was reported by 0.80\\\\% by biking and 2.76\\\\% by walking. Increased odds (p{\\\\textless}0.05) of active commuting and transportation were associated with younger age, lower income, urban dwelling, and the highest and lowest education categories. Males had greater odds of commuting and transporting by bike but decreased odds of walk transporting. Inconsistent patterns were observed by race, but whites had greater odds of any biking (p{\\\\textless}0.05). Odds of active commuting were higher with a flexible schedule (p{\\\\textless}0.001), the option to work from home (p{\\\\textless}0.05), shorter time and distance to work (both p{\\\\textless}0.001), and work arrival time between 11:00 and 15:59 (walking only, p=0.001).\\nCONCLUSIONS: Active transportation differed across demographic and workplace factors. These relationships could inform infrastructure policy decisions and workplace wellness programming targeting increased active transportation.},\\n\\tlanguage = {eng},\\n\\tnumber = {5},\\n\\tjournal = {Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health},\\n\\tauthor = {Quinn, Tyler D. and Jakicic, John M. and Fertman, Carl I. and Barone Gibbs, Bethany},\\n\\tyear = {2017},\\n\\tpmid = {27986862},\\n\\tkeywords = {Adult, Bicycling, Choice Behavior, Cross-Sectional Studies, DEMOGRAPHY, Female, Health Behavior, Health Promotion, Humans, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, TRAFFIC, Transportation, Travel, United States, WORKPLACE, Walking, Workplace, Young Adult},\\n\\tpages = {480--486},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Quinn, T. D.\",\"Jakicic, J. M.\",\"Fertman, C. I.\",\"Barone Gibbs, B.\"],\"key\":\"quinn_demographic_2017\",\"id\":\"quinn_demographic_2017\",\"bibbaseid\":\"quinn-jakicic-fertman-baronegibbs-demographicfactorsworkplacefactorsandactivetransportationuseintheusaasecondaryanalysisof2009nhtsdata-2017\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{},\"keyword\":[\"Adult\",\"Bicycling\",\"Choice Behavior\",\"Cross-Sectional Studies\",\"DEMOGRAPHY\",\"Female\",\"Health Behavior\",\"Health Promotion\",\"Humans\",\"Logistic Models\",\"Male\",\"Middle Aged\",\"OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH\",\"PHYSICAL ACTIVITY\",\"TRAFFIC\",\"Transportation\",\"Travel\",\"United States\",\"WORKPLACE\",\"Walking\",\"Workplace\",\"Young Adult\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"downloads\":0,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Changes in physical activity and travel behaviors in residents of a mixed-use development\",\"volume\":\"41\",\"issn\":\"1873-2607\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.amepre.2011.07.016\",\"abstract\":\"BACKGROUND: Mixed-use developments may be especially promising settings for encouraging walking and other types of physical activity. PURPOSE: This study examined the physical activity and travel behaviors of individuals before and after they relocated to Atlantic Station, a mixed-use redevelopment community in metropolitan Atlanta. METHODS: A survey study was conducted to compare the behaviors, experiences, and attitudes of Atlantic Station residents before and after moving to a mixed-use neighborhood. Data were collected in 2008 and 2009 and analyzed in 2010. Key dependent variables were self-reported physical activity and travel behaviors including walking for recreation and transport, automobile use, and use of public transportation. RESULTS: Study participants included 101 adult residents of Atlantic Station, most of whom were female, young, and well educated. There were significant increases in walking for recreation or fitness (46%-54%; p\\\\textless0.05) and walking for transportation (44%-84%; p\\\\textless0.001) after moving into the mixed-use development. Respondents also reported reduced automobile travel and increased time spent using public transportation after moving to Atlantic Station. Because this study used individuals as their own controls, there is more control over confounding lifestyle variables compared to cross-sectional studies of individuals living in different neighborhoods. CONCLUSIONS: Adults who move to a denser, mixed-use neighborhood increase their levels of walking for both recreation and transportation, decrease their automobile travel, and increase their use of public transportation.\",\"language\":\"eng\",\"number\":\"5\",\"journal\":\"American Journal of Preventive Medicine\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Mumford\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Karen\",\"G.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Contant\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Cheryl\",\"K.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Weissman\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jennifer\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Wolf\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jean\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Glanz\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Karen\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"November\",\"year\":\"2011\",\"pmid\":\"22011422\",\"keywords\":\"Adult, Automobile Driving, Data Collection, Environment Design, Female, Georgia, Humans, Male, Motor Activity, Recreation, Residence Characteristics, Transportation, Walking\",\"pages\":\"504–507\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{mumford_changes_2011,\\n\\ttitle = {Changes in physical activity and travel behaviors in residents of a mixed-use development},\\n\\tvolume = {41},\\n\\tissn = {1873-2607},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1016/j.amepre.2011.07.016},\\n\\tabstract = {BACKGROUND: Mixed-use developments may be especially promising settings for encouraging walking and other types of physical activity.\\nPURPOSE: This study examined the physical activity and travel behaviors of individuals before and after they relocated to Atlantic Station, a mixed-use redevelopment community in metropolitan Atlanta.\\nMETHODS: A survey study was conducted to compare the behaviors, experiences, and attitudes of Atlantic Station residents before and after moving to a mixed-use neighborhood. Data were collected in 2008 and 2009 and analyzed in 2010. Key dependent variables were self-reported physical activity and travel behaviors including walking for recreation and transport, automobile use, and use of public transportation.\\nRESULTS: Study participants included 101 adult residents of Atlantic Station, most of whom were female, young, and well educated. There were significant increases in walking for recreation or fitness (46\\\\%-54\\\\%; p{\\\\textless}0.05) and walking for transportation (44\\\\%-84\\\\%; p{\\\\textless}0.001) after moving into the mixed-use development. Respondents also reported reduced automobile travel and increased time spent using public transportation after moving to Atlantic Station. Because this study used individuals as their own controls, there is more control over confounding lifestyle variables compared to cross-sectional studies of individuals living in different neighborhoods.\\nCONCLUSIONS: Adults who move to a denser, mixed-use neighborhood increase their levels of walking for both recreation and transportation, decrease their automobile travel, and increase their use of public transportation.},\\n\\tlanguage = {eng},\\n\\tnumber = {5},\\n\\tjournal = {American Journal of Preventive Medicine},\\n\\tauthor = {Mumford, Karen G. and Contant, Cheryl K. and Weissman, Jennifer and Wolf, Jean and Glanz, Karen},\\n\\tmonth = nov,\\n\\tyear = {2011},\\n\\tpmid = {22011422},\\n\\tkeywords = {Adult, Automobile Driving, Data Collection, Environment Design, Female, Georgia, Humans, Male, Motor Activity, Recreation, Residence Characteristics, Transportation, Walking},\\n\\tpages = {504--507},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Mumford, K. G.\",\"Contant, C. K.\",\"Weissman, J.\",\"Wolf, J.\",\"Glanz, K.\"],\"key\":\"mumford_changes_2011\",\"id\":\"mumford_changes_2011\",\"bibbaseid\":\"mumford-contant-weissman-wolf-glanz-changesinphysicalactivityandtravelbehaviorsinresidentsofamixedusedevelopment-2011\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{},\"keyword\":[\"Adult\",\"Automobile Driving\",\"Data Collection\",\"Environment Design\",\"Female\",\"Georgia\",\"Humans\",\"Male\",\"Motor Activity\",\"Recreation\",\"Residence Characteristics\",\"Transportation\",\"Walking\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"downloads\":0,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Changes in Objectively-Determined Walkability and Physical Activity in Adults: A Quasi-Longitudinal Residential Relocation Study\",\"volume\":\"14\",\"issn\":\"1660-4601\",\"shorttitle\":\"Changes in Objectively-Determined Walkability and Physical Activity in Adults\",\"doi\":\"10.3390/ijerph14050551\",\"abstract\":\"Causal evidence for the built environment's role in supporting physical activity is needed to inform land use and transportation policies. This quasi-longitudinal residential relocation study compared within-person changes in self-reported transportation walking, transportation cycling, and overall physical activity during the past 12 months among adults who did and did not move to a different neighbourhood. In 2014, a random sample of adults from 12 neighbourhoods (Calgary, AB, Canada) with varying urban form and socioeconomic status provided complete self-administered questionnaire data (n = 915). Participants, some of whom moved neighbourhood during the past 12 months (n = 95), reported their perceived change in transportation walking and cycling, and overall physical activity during that period. The questionnaire also captured residential self-selection, and sociodemographic and health characteristics. Walk Scores® were linked to each participant's current and previous neighbourhood and three groups identified: walkability \\\"improvers\\\" (n = 48); \\\"decliners\\\" (n = 47), and; \\\"maintainers\\\" (n = 820). Perceived change in physical activity was compared between the three groups using propensity score covariate-adjusted Firth logistic regression (odds ratios: OR). Compared with walkability maintainers, walkability decliners (OR 4.37) and improvers (OR 4.14) were more likely (p \\\\textless 0.05) to report an increase in their transportation walking since moving neighbourhood, while walkability decliners were also more likely (OR 3.17) to report decreasing their transportation walking since moving. Walkability improvers were more likely than maintainers to increase their transportation cycling since moving neighbourhood (OR 4.22). Temporal changes in neighbourhood walkability resulting from residential relocation appear to be associated with reported temporal changes in transportation walking and cycling in adults.\",\"language\":\"eng\",\"number\":\"5\",\"journal\":\"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"McCormack\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Gavin\",\"R.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"McLaren\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Lindsay\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Salvo\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Grazia\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Blackstaffe\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Anita\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2017\",\"pmid\":\"28531149\",\"pmcid\":\"PMC5452001\",\"keywords\":\"Adult, Aged, Alberta, Bicycling, Female, Humans, Logistic Models, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Residence Characteristics, Self Report, Surveys and Questionnaires, Transportation, Walking, built environment, cycling, longitudinal, natural experiment, neighbourhood, physical activity, residential relocation, walkability, walking\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{mccormack_changes_2017,\\n\\ttitle = {Changes in {Objectively}-{Determined} {Walkability} and {Physical} {Activity} in {Adults}: {A} {Quasi}-{Longitudinal} {Residential} {Relocation} {Study}},\\n\\tvolume = {14},\\n\\tissn = {1660-4601},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Changes in {Objectively}-{Determined} {Walkability} and {Physical} {Activity} in {Adults}},\\n\\tdoi = {10.3390/ijerph14050551},\\n\\tabstract = {Causal evidence for the built environment's role in supporting physical activity is needed to inform land use and transportation policies. This quasi-longitudinal residential relocation study compared within-person changes in self-reported transportation walking, transportation cycling, and overall physical activity during the past 12 months among adults who did and did not move to a different neighbourhood. In 2014, a random sample of adults from 12 neighbourhoods (Calgary, AB, Canada) with varying urban form and socioeconomic status provided complete self-administered questionnaire data (n = 915). Participants, some of whom moved neighbourhood during the past 12 months (n = 95), reported their perceived change in transportation walking and cycling, and overall physical activity during that period. The questionnaire also captured residential self-selection, and sociodemographic and health characteristics. Walk Scores® were linked to each participant's current and previous neighbourhood and three groups identified: walkability \\\"improvers\\\" (n = 48); \\\"decliners\\\" (n = 47), and; \\\"maintainers\\\" (n = 820). Perceived change in physical activity was compared between the three groups using propensity score covariate-adjusted Firth logistic regression (odds ratios: OR). Compared with walkability maintainers, walkability decliners (OR 4.37) and improvers (OR 4.14) were more likely (p {\\\\textless} 0.05) to report an increase in their transportation walking since moving neighbourhood, while walkability decliners were also more likely (OR 3.17) to report decreasing their transportation walking since moving. Walkability improvers were more likely than maintainers to increase their transportation cycling since moving neighbourhood (OR 4.22). Temporal changes in neighbourhood walkability resulting from residential relocation appear to be associated with reported temporal changes in transportation walking and cycling in adults.},\\n\\tlanguage = {eng},\\n\\tnumber = {5},\\n\\tjournal = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health},\\n\\tauthor = {McCormack, Gavin R. and McLaren, Lindsay and Salvo, Grazia and Blackstaffe, Anita},\\n\\tyear = {2017},\\n\\tpmid = {28531149},\\n\\tpmcid = {PMC5452001},\\n\\tkeywords = {Adult, Aged, Alberta, Bicycling, Female, Humans, Logistic Models, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Residence Characteristics, Self Report, Surveys and Questionnaires, Transportation, Walking, built environment, cycling, longitudinal, natural experiment, neighbourhood, physical activity, residential relocation, walkability, walking},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"McCormack, G. R.\",\"McLaren, L.\",\"Salvo, G.\",\"Blackstaffe, A.\"],\"key\":\"mccormack_changes_2017\",\"id\":\"mccormack_changes_2017\",\"bibbaseid\":\"mccormack-mclaren-salvo-blackstaffe-changesinobjectivelydeterminedwalkabilityandphysicalactivityinadultsaquasilongitudinalresidentialrelocationstudy-2017\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{},\"keyword\":[\"Adult\",\"Aged\",\"Alberta\",\"Bicycling\",\"Female\",\"Humans\",\"Logistic Models\",\"Longitudinal Studies\",\"Male\",\"Middle Aged\",\"Residence Characteristics\",\"Self Report\",\"Surveys and Questionnaires\",\"Transportation\",\"Walking\",\"built environment\",\"cycling\",\"longitudinal\",\"natural experiment\",\"neighbourhood\",\"physical activity\",\"residential relocation\",\"walkability\",\"walking\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"downloads\":0,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"misc\",\"type\":\"misc\",\"title\":\"Perceptions of walkability and determinants of walking behaviour among urban seniors in Toronto, Canada - ScienceDirect\",\"url\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214140517306448\",\"urldate\":\"2019-02-26\",\"bibtex\":\"@misc{noauthor_perceptions_nodate,\\n\\ttitle = {Perceptions of walkability and determinants of walking behaviour among urban seniors in {Toronto}, {Canada} - {ScienceDirect}},\\n\\turl = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214140517306448},\\n\\turldate = {2019-02-26},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"key\":\"noauthor_perceptions_nodate\",\"id\":\"noauthor_perceptions_nodate\",\"bibbaseid\":\"anonymous-perceptionsofwalkabilityanddeterminantsofwalkingbehaviouramongurbanseniorsintorontocanadasciencedirect\",\"role\":\"\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214140517306448\"},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"downloads\":0,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Le renforcement des capacités communautaires et l’implantation d’un programme de promotion du transport actif vers l’école : le cas de Trottibus\",\"shorttitle\":\"Le renforcement des capacités communautaires et l’implantation d’un programme de promotion du transport actif vers l’école\",\"url\":\"https://papyrus.bib.umontreal.ca/xmlui/handle/1866/19869\",\"language\":\"en\",\"urldate\":\"2019-02-26\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lapointe\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Laurence\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"November\",\"year\":\"2017\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{lapointe_renforcement_2017,\\n\\ttitle = {Le renforcement des capacités communautaires et l’implantation d’un programme de promotion du transport actif vers l’école : le cas de {Trottibus}},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Le renforcement des capacités communautaires et l’implantation d’un programme de promotion du transport actif vers l’école},\\n\\turl = {https://papyrus.bib.umontreal.ca/xmlui/handle/1866/19869},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\turldate = {2019-02-26},\\n\\tauthor = {Lapointe, Laurence},\\n\\tmonth = nov,\\n\\tyear = {2017},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Lapointe, L.\"],\"key\":\"lapointe_renforcement_2017\",\"id\":\"lapointe_renforcement_2017\",\"bibbaseid\":\"lapointe-lerenforcementdescapacitscommunautairesetlimplantationdunprogrammedepromotiondutransportactifverslcolelecasdetrottibus-2017\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://papyrus.bib.umontreal.ca/xmlui/handle/1866/19869\"},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"downloads\":0,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Organisational travel plans for improving health\",\"issn\":\"1469-493X\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/14651858.CD005575.pub3\",\"abstract\":\"BACKGROUND: Dependence on car use has a number of broad health implications, including contributing to physical inactivity, road traffic injury, air pollution and social severance, as well as entrenching lifestyles that require environmentally unsustainable energy use. Travel plans are interventions that aim to reduce single-occupant car use and increase the use of alternatives such as walking, cycling and public transport, with a variety of behavioural and structural components. This review focuses on organisational travel plans for schools, tertiary institutes and workplaces. These plans are closely aligned in their aims and intervention design, having emerged from a shared theoretical base. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of organisational travel plans on health, either directly measured, or through changes in travel mode. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the following electronic databases; Transport (1988 to June 2008), MEDLINE (1950 to June 2008), EMBASE (1947 to June 2008), CINAHL (1982 to June 2008), ERIC (1966 to June 2008), PSYCINFO (1806 to June 2008), Sociological Abstracts (1952 to June 2008), BUILD (1989 to 2002), Social Sciences Citation Index (1900 to June 2008), Science Citation Index (1900 to June 2008), Arts & Humanities Index (1975 to June 2008), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (to August 2008), CENTRAL (to August 2008), Cochrane Injuries Group Register (to December 2009), C2-RIPE (to July 2008), C2-SPECTR (to July 2008), ProQuest Dissertations & Theses (1861 to June 2008). We also searched the reference lists of relevant articles, conference proceedings and Internet sources. We did not restrict the search by date, language or publication status. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included randomised controlled trials and controlled before-after studies of travel behaviour change programmes conducted in an organisational setting, where the measured outcome was change in travel mode or health. Both positive and negative health effects were included. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two authors independently assessed eligibility, assessed trial quality and extracted data. MAIN RESULTS: Seventeen studies were included. Ten were conducted in a school setting, two in universities, and five in workplaces. One study directly measured health outcomes, and all included studies measured travel outcomes. Two cluster randomised controlled trials in the school setting showed either no change in travel mode or mixed results. A randomised controlled trial in the workplace setting, conducted in a pre-selected group who were already contemplating or preparing for active travel, found improved health-related quality of life on some sub scales, and increased walking. Two controlled before-after studies found that school travel interventions increased walking. Other studies were judged to be at high risk of bias. No included studies were conducted in low- or middle-income countries, and no studies measured the social distribution of effects or adverse effects, such as injury. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: There is insufficient evidence to determine whether organisational travel plans are effective for improving health or changing travel mode. Organisational travel plans should be considered as complex health promotion interventions, with considerable potential to influence community health outcomes depending on the environmental context in which they are introduced. Given the current lack of evidence, organisational travel plans should be implemented in the context of robustly-designed research studies, such as well-designed cluster randomised trials.\",\"language\":\"eng\",\"number\":\"3\",\"journal\":\"The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hosking\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jamie\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Macmillan\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Alexandra\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Connor\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jennie\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bullen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Chris\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ameratunga\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Shanthi\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"March\",\"year\":\"2010\",\"pmid\":\"20238341\",\"keywords\":\"Adult, Automobile Driving, Bicycling, Child, Exercise, Female, Health Promotion, Humans, Male, Organizational Innovation, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Schools, Travel, Walking, Workplace\",\"pages\":\"CD005575\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{hosking_organisational_2010,\\n\\ttitle = {Organisational travel plans for improving health},\\n\\tissn = {1469-493X},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1002/14651858.CD005575.pub3},\\n\\tabstract = {BACKGROUND: Dependence on car use has a number of broad health implications, including contributing to physical inactivity, road traffic injury, air pollution and social severance, as well as entrenching lifestyles that require environmentally unsustainable energy use. Travel plans are interventions that aim to reduce single-occupant car use and increase the use of alternatives such as walking, cycling and public transport, with a variety of behavioural and structural components. This review focuses on organisational travel plans for schools, tertiary institutes and workplaces. These plans are closely aligned in their aims and intervention design, having emerged from a shared theoretical base.\\nOBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of organisational travel plans on health, either directly measured, or through changes in travel mode.\\nSEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the following electronic databases; Transport (1988 to June 2008), MEDLINE (1950 to June 2008), EMBASE (1947 to June 2008), CINAHL (1982 to June 2008), ERIC (1966 to June 2008), PSYCINFO (1806 to June 2008), Sociological Abstracts (1952 to June 2008), BUILD (1989 to 2002), Social Sciences Citation Index (1900 to June 2008), Science Citation Index (1900 to June 2008), Arts \\\\& Humanities Index (1975 to June 2008), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (to August 2008), CENTRAL (to August 2008), Cochrane Injuries Group Register (to December 2009), C2-RIPE (to July 2008), C2-SPECTR (to July 2008), ProQuest Dissertations \\\\& Theses (1861 to June 2008). We also searched the reference lists of relevant articles, conference proceedings and Internet sources. We did not restrict the search by date, language or publication status.\\nSELECTION CRITERIA: We included randomised controlled trials and controlled before-after studies of travel behaviour change programmes conducted in an organisational setting, where the measured outcome was change in travel mode or health. Both positive and negative health effects were included.\\nDATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two authors independently assessed eligibility, assessed trial quality and extracted data.\\nMAIN RESULTS: Seventeen studies were included. Ten were conducted in a school setting, two in universities, and five in workplaces. One study directly measured health outcomes, and all included studies measured travel outcomes. Two cluster randomised controlled trials in the school setting showed either no change in travel mode or mixed results. A randomised controlled trial in the workplace setting, conducted in a pre-selected group who were already contemplating or preparing for active travel, found improved health-related quality of life on some sub scales, and increased walking. Two controlled before-after studies found that school travel interventions increased walking. Other studies were judged to be at high risk of bias. No included studies were conducted in low- or middle-income countries, and no studies measured the social distribution of effects or adverse effects, such as injury.\\nAUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: There is insufficient evidence to determine whether organisational travel plans are effective for improving health or changing travel mode. Organisational travel plans should be considered as complex health promotion interventions, with considerable potential to influence community health outcomes depending on the environmental context in which they are introduced. Given the current lack of evidence, organisational travel plans should be implemented in the context of robustly-designed research studies, such as well-designed cluster randomised trials.},\\n\\tlanguage = {eng},\\n\\tnumber = {3},\\n\\tjournal = {The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews},\\n\\tauthor = {Hosking, Jamie and Macmillan, Alexandra and Connor, Jennie and Bullen, Chris and Ameratunga, Shanthi},\\n\\tmonth = mar,\\n\\tyear = {2010},\\n\\tpmid = {20238341},\\n\\tkeywords = {Adult, Automobile Driving, Bicycling, Child, Exercise, Female, Health Promotion, Humans, Male, Organizational Innovation, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Schools, Travel, Walking, Workplace},\\n\\tpages = {CD005575},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Hosking, J.\",\"Macmillan, A.\",\"Connor, J.\",\"Bullen, C.\",\"Ameratunga, S.\"],\"key\":\"hosking_organisational_2010\",\"id\":\"hosking_organisational_2010\",\"bibbaseid\":\"hosking-macmillan-connor-bullen-ameratunga-organisationaltravelplansforimprovinghealth-2010\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{},\"keyword\":[\"Adult\",\"Automobile Driving\",\"Bicycling\",\"Child\",\"Exercise\",\"Female\",\"Health Promotion\",\"Humans\",\"Male\",\"Organizational Innovation\",\"Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic\",\"Schools\",\"Travel\",\"Walking\",\"Workplace\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"downloads\":0,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Walking, cycling and driving to work in the English and Welsh 2011 census: trends, socio-economic patterning and relevance to travel behaviour in general\",\"volume\":\"8\",\"issn\":\"1932-6203\",\"shorttitle\":\"Walking, cycling and driving to work in the English and Welsh 2011 census\",\"doi\":\"10.1371/journal.pone.0071790\",\"abstract\":\"OBJECTIVES: Increasing walking and cycling, and reducing motorised transport, are health and environmental priorities. This paper examines levels and trends in the use of different commute modes in England and Wales, both overall and with respect to small-area deprivation. It also investigates whether commute modal share can serve as a proxy for travel behaviour more generally. METHODS: 23.7 million adult commuters reported their usual main mode of travelling to work in the 2011 census in England and Wales; similar data were available for 1971-2001. Indices of Multiple Deprivation were used to characterise socio-economic patterning. The National Travel Survey (2002-2010) was used to examine correlations between commute modal share and modal share of total travel time. These correlations were calculated across 150 non-overlapping populations defined by region, year band and income. RESULTS: Among commuters in 2011, 67.1% used private motorised transport as their usual main commute mode (-1.8 percentage-point change since 2001); 17.8% used public transport (+1.8% change); 10.9% walked (-0.1% change); and 3.1% cycled (+0.1% change). Walking and, to a marginal extent, cycling were more common among those from deprived areas, but these gradients had flattened over the previous decade to the point of having essentially disappeared for cycling. In the National Travel Survey, commute modal share and total modal share were reasonably highly correlated for private motorised transport (r = 0.94), public transport (r = 0.96), walking (r = 0.88 excluding London) and cycling (r = 0.77). CONCLUSIONS: England and Wales remain car-dependent, but the trends are slightly more encouraging. Unlike many health behaviours, it is more common for socio-economically disadvantaged groups to commute using physically active modes. This association is, however, weakening and may soon reverse for cycling. At a population level, commute modal share provides a reasonable proxy for broader travel patterns, enhancing the value of the census in characterising background trends and evaluating interventions.\",\"language\":\"eng\",\"number\":\"8\",\"journal\":\"PloS One\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Goodman\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Anna\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2013\",\"pmid\":\"23990990\",\"pmcid\":\"PMC3749195\",\"keywords\":\"Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Automobile Driving, Bicycling, Censuses, Data Collection, England, Geography, Humans, Linear Models, Middle Aged, Surveys and Questionnaires, Transportation, Travel, Wales, Walking, Young Adult\",\"pages\":\"e71790\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{goodman_walking_2013,\\n\\ttitle = {Walking, cycling and driving to work in the {English} and {Welsh} 2011 census: trends, socio-economic patterning and relevance to travel behaviour in general},\\n\\tvolume = {8},\\n\\tissn = {1932-6203},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Walking, cycling and driving to work in the {English} and {Welsh} 2011 census},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0071790},\\n\\tabstract = {OBJECTIVES: Increasing walking and cycling, and reducing motorised transport, are health and environmental priorities. This paper examines levels and trends in the use of different commute modes in England and Wales, both overall and with respect to small-area deprivation. It also investigates whether commute modal share can serve as a proxy for travel behaviour more generally.\\nMETHODS: 23.7 million adult commuters reported their usual main mode of travelling to work in the 2011 census in England and Wales; similar data were available for 1971-2001. Indices of Multiple Deprivation were used to characterise socio-economic patterning. The National Travel Survey (2002-2010) was used to examine correlations between commute modal share and modal share of total travel time. These correlations were calculated across 150 non-overlapping populations defined by region, year band and income.\\nRESULTS: Among commuters in 2011, 67.1\\\\% used private motorised transport as their usual main commute mode (-1.8 percentage-point change since 2001); 17.8\\\\% used public transport (+1.8\\\\% change); 10.9\\\\% walked (-0.1\\\\% change); and 3.1\\\\% cycled (+0.1\\\\% change). Walking and, to a marginal extent, cycling were more common among those from deprived areas, but these gradients had flattened over the previous decade to the point of having essentially disappeared for cycling. In the National Travel Survey, commute modal share and total modal share were reasonably highly correlated for private motorised transport (r = 0.94), public transport (r = 0.96), walking (r = 0.88 excluding London) and cycling (r = 0.77).\\nCONCLUSIONS: England and Wales remain car-dependent, but the trends are slightly more encouraging. Unlike many health behaviours, it is more common for socio-economically disadvantaged groups to commute using physically active modes. This association is, however, weakening and may soon reverse for cycling. At a population level, commute modal share provides a reasonable proxy for broader travel patterns, enhancing the value of the census in characterising background trends and evaluating interventions.},\\n\\tlanguage = {eng},\\n\\tnumber = {8},\\n\\tjournal = {PloS One},\\n\\tauthor = {Goodman, Anna},\\n\\tyear = {2013},\\n\\tpmid = {23990990},\\n\\tpmcid = {PMC3749195},\\n\\tkeywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Automobile Driving, Bicycling, Censuses, Data Collection, England, Geography, Humans, Linear Models, Middle Aged, Surveys and Questionnaires, Transportation, Travel, Wales, Walking, Young Adult},\\n\\tpages = {e71790},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Goodman, A.\"],\"key\":\"goodman_walking_2013\",\"id\":\"goodman_walking_2013\",\"bibbaseid\":\"goodman-walkingcyclinganddrivingtoworkintheenglishandwelsh2011censustrendssocioeconomicpatterningandrelevancetotravelbehaviouringeneral-2013\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{},\"keyword\":[\"Adolescent\",\"Adult\",\"Aged\",\"Automobile Driving\",\"Bicycling\",\"Censuses\",\"Data Collection\",\"England\",\"Geography\",\"Humans\",\"Linear Models\",\"Middle Aged\",\"Surveys and Questionnaires\",\"Transportation\",\"Travel\",\"Wales\",\"Walking\",\"Young Adult\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"downloads\":0,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Impact evaluation of a public bicycle share program on cycling: a case example of BIXI in Montreal, Quebec\",\"volume\":\"103\",\"issn\":\"1541-0048\",\"shorttitle\":\"Impact evaluation of a public bicycle share program on cycling\",\"doi\":\"10.2105/AJPH.2012.300917\",\"abstract\":\"OBJECTIVES: We examined associations between residential exposure to BIXI (BIcycle-taXI)-a public bicycle share program implemented in Montreal, Quebec, in 2009, which increases accessibility to cycling by making available 5050 bicycles at 405 bicycle docking stations-and likelihood of cycling (BIXI and non-BIXI) in Montreal over the first 2 years of implementation. METHODS: Three population-based samples of adults participated in telephone surveys. Data collection occurred at the launch of the program (spring 2009), and at the end of the first (fall 2009) and second (fall 2010) seasons of implementation. Difference in differences models assessed whether greater cycling was observed for those exposed to BIXI compared with those not exposed at each time point. RESULTS: We observed a greater likelihood of cycling for those exposed to the public bicycle share program after the second season of implementation (odds ratio = 2.86; 95% confidence interval = 1.85, 4.42) after we controlled for weather, built environment, and individual variables. CONCLUSIONS: The implementation of a public bicycle share program can lead to greater likelihood of cycling among persons living in areas where bicycles are made available.\",\"language\":\"eng\",\"number\":\"3\",\"journal\":\"American Journal of Public Health\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Fuller\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Daniel\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Gauvin\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Lise\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kestens\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Yan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Daniel\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Mark\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Fournier\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Michel\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Morency\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Patrick\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Drouin\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Louis\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"March\",\"year\":\"2013\",\"pmid\":\"23327280\",\"pmcid\":\"PMC3673500\",\"keywords\":\"Adolescent, Adult, Bicycling, Cross-Sectional Studies, Data Collection, Female, Health Promotion, Humans, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, Quebec, Recreation, Time Factors, Transportation, Young Adult\",\"pages\":\"e85–92\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{fuller_impact_2013,\\n\\ttitle = {Impact evaluation of a public bicycle share program on cycling: a case example of {BIXI} in {Montreal}, {Quebec}},\\n\\tvolume = {103},\\n\\tissn = {1541-0048},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Impact evaluation of a public bicycle share program on cycling},\\n\\tdoi = {10.2105/AJPH.2012.300917},\\n\\tabstract = {OBJECTIVES: We examined associations between residential exposure to BIXI (BIcycle-taXI)-a public bicycle share program implemented in Montreal, Quebec, in 2009, which increases accessibility to cycling by making available 5050 bicycles at 405 bicycle docking stations-and likelihood of cycling (BIXI and non-BIXI) in Montreal over the first 2 years of implementation.\\nMETHODS: Three population-based samples of adults participated in telephone surveys. Data collection occurred at the launch of the program (spring 2009), and at the end of the first (fall 2009) and second (fall 2010) seasons of implementation. Difference in differences models assessed whether greater cycling was observed for those exposed to BIXI compared with those not exposed at each time point.\\nRESULTS: We observed a greater likelihood of cycling for those exposed to the public bicycle share program after the second season of implementation (odds ratio = 2.86; 95\\\\% confidence interval = 1.85, 4.42) after we controlled for weather, built environment, and individual variables.\\nCONCLUSIONS: The implementation of a public bicycle share program can lead to greater likelihood of cycling among persons living in areas where bicycles are made available.},\\n\\tlanguage = {eng},\\n\\tnumber = {3},\\n\\tjournal = {American Journal of Public Health},\\n\\tauthor = {Fuller, Daniel and Gauvin, Lise and Kestens, Yan and Daniel, Mark and Fournier, Michel and Morency, Patrick and Drouin, Louis},\\n\\tmonth = mar,\\n\\tyear = {2013},\\n\\tpmid = {23327280},\\n\\tpmcid = {PMC3673500},\\n\\tkeywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Bicycling, Cross-Sectional Studies, Data Collection, Female, Health Promotion, Humans, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, Quebec, Recreation, Time Factors, Transportation, Young Adult},\\n\\tpages = {e85--92},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Fuller, D.\",\"Gauvin, L.\",\"Kestens, Y.\",\"Daniel, M.\",\"Fournier, M.\",\"Morency, P.\",\"Drouin, L.\"],\"key\":\"fuller_impact_2013\",\"id\":\"fuller_impact_2013\",\"bibbaseid\":\"fuller-gauvin-kestens-daniel-fournier-morency-drouin-impactevaluationofapublicbicycleshareprogramoncyclingacaseexampleofbixiinmontrealquebec-2013\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{},\"keyword\":[\"Adolescent\",\"Adult\",\"Bicycling\",\"Cross-Sectional Studies\",\"Data Collection\",\"Female\",\"Health Promotion\",\"Humans\",\"Logistic Models\",\"Male\",\"Middle Aged\",\"Quebec\",\"Recreation\",\"Time Factors\",\"Transportation\",\"Young Adult\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"downloads\":0,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Use of a new public bicycle share program in Montreal, Canada\",\"volume\":\"41\",\"issn\":\"1873-2607\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.amepre.2011.03.002\",\"abstract\":\"BACKGROUND: Cycling contributes to physical activity and health. Public bicycle share programs (PBSPs) increase population access to bicycles by deploying bicycles at docking stations throughout a city. Minimal research has systematically examined the prevalence and correlates of PBSP use. PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence and correlates of use of a new public bicycle share program called BIXI (name merges the word BIcycle and taXI) implemented in May 2009 in Montreal, Canada. METHODS: A total of 2502 adults were recruited to a telephone survey in autumn 2009 via random-digit dialing according to a stratified random sampling design. The prevalence of BIXI bicycle use was estimated. Multivariate logistic regression allowed for identification of correlates of use. Data analysis was conducted in spring and summer 2010. RESULTS: The unweighted mean age of respondents was 47.4 (SD=16.8) years and 61.4% were female. The weighted prevalence for use of BIXI bicycles at least once was 8.2%. Significant correlates of BIXI bicycle use were having a BIXI docking station within 250 m of home, being aged 18-24 years, being university educated, being on work leave, and using cycling as the primary mode of transportation to work. CONCLUSIONS: A newly implemented public bicycle share program attracts a substantial fraction of the population and is more likely to attract younger and more educated people who currently use cycling as a primary transportation mode.\",\"language\":\"eng\",\"number\":\"1\",\"journal\":\"American Journal of Preventive Medicine\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Fuller\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Daniel\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Gauvin\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Lise\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kestens\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Yan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Daniel\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Mark\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Fournier\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Michel\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Morency\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Patrick\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Drouin\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Louis\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"July\",\"year\":\"2011\",\"pmid\":\"21665067\",\"keywords\":\"Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Bicycling, Data Collection, Educational Status, Female, Health Promotion, Humans, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, Multivariate Analysis, Prevalence, Quebec, Residence Characteristics, Transportation, Young Adult\",\"pages\":\"80–83\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{fuller_use_2011,\\n\\ttitle = {Use of a new public bicycle share program in {Montreal}, {Canada}},\\n\\tvolume = {41},\\n\\tissn = {1873-2607},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1016/j.amepre.2011.03.002},\\n\\tabstract = {BACKGROUND: Cycling contributes to physical activity and health. Public bicycle share programs (PBSPs) increase population access to bicycles by deploying bicycles at docking stations throughout a city. Minimal research has systematically examined the prevalence and correlates of PBSP use.\\nPURPOSE: To determine the prevalence and correlates of use of a new public bicycle share program called BIXI (name merges the word BIcycle and taXI) implemented in May 2009 in Montreal, Canada.\\nMETHODS: A total of 2502 adults were recruited to a telephone survey in autumn 2009 via random-digit dialing according to a stratified random sampling design. The prevalence of BIXI bicycle use was estimated. Multivariate logistic regression allowed for identification of correlates of use. Data analysis was conducted in spring and summer 2010.\\nRESULTS: The unweighted mean age of respondents was 47.4 (SD=16.8) years and 61.4\\\\% were female. The weighted prevalence for use of BIXI bicycles at least once was 8.2\\\\%. Significant correlates of BIXI bicycle use were having a BIXI docking station within 250 m of home, being aged 18-24 years, being university educated, being on work leave, and using cycling as the primary mode of transportation to work.\\nCONCLUSIONS: A newly implemented public bicycle share program attracts a substantial fraction of the population and is more likely to attract younger and more educated people who currently use cycling as a primary transportation mode.},\\n\\tlanguage = {eng},\\n\\tnumber = {1},\\n\\tjournal = {American Journal of Preventive Medicine},\\n\\tauthor = {Fuller, Daniel and Gauvin, Lise and Kestens, Yan and Daniel, Mark and Fournier, Michel and Morency, Patrick and Drouin, Louis},\\n\\tmonth = jul,\\n\\tyear = {2011},\\n\\tpmid = {21665067},\\n\\tkeywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Bicycling, Data Collection, Educational Status, Female, Health Promotion, Humans, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, Multivariate Analysis, Prevalence, Quebec, Residence Characteristics, Transportation, Young Adult},\\n\\tpages = {80--83},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Fuller, D.\",\"Gauvin, L.\",\"Kestens, Y.\",\"Daniel, M.\",\"Fournier, M.\",\"Morency, P.\",\"Drouin, L.\"],\"key\":\"fuller_use_2011\",\"id\":\"fuller_use_2011\",\"bibbaseid\":\"fuller-gauvin-kestens-daniel-fournier-morency-drouin-useofanewpublicbicycleshareprograminmontrealcanada-2011\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{},\"keyword\":[\"Adolescent\",\"Adult\",\"Age Factors\",\"Aged\",\"Bicycling\",\"Data Collection\",\"Educational Status\",\"Female\",\"Health Promotion\",\"Humans\",\"Logistic Models\",\"Male\",\"Middle Aged\",\"Multivariate Analysis\",\"Prevalence\",\"Quebec\",\"Residence Characteristics\",\"Transportation\",\"Young Adult\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"downloads\":0,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"An Analysis of Technology-Related Distracted Biking Behaviors and Helmet Use Among Cyclists in New York City\",\"volume\":\"41\",\"issn\":\"1573-3610\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10900-015-0079-0\",\"abstract\":\"Bicycling is becoming an increasingly utilized mode of transportation in New York City. Technology-related distracted bicycling and helmet use are behaviors that can impact bike safety. The aims of this study were twofold: (1) to determine rates and types of technology-related distracted behaviors among bicyclists in the borough of Manhattan in New York City; and (2) to assess the rate of bicycle helmet use among these cyclists. Bicyclists in five popular riding areas in Manhattan were observed for a total of 50 h using a digital video camera during summer months in 2014. Videos were coded and enumerated for the total number and gender of cyclists, type of bicycle, number wearing headphones/earbuds and/or using a mobile phone, and whether the cyclist was wearing a helmet. Almost 25,000 cyclists were observed across the five selected locations (n = 24,861). Riders were almost four times more likely not to wear a helmet on rental bikes as compared with non-rentals (Citi Bike(®) OR 3.8; 95% CI 2.5, 5.9: other rental OR 3.8; 95% CI 3.0, 4.9). Significantly increased odds of not wearing a helmet were observed for females relative to males (OR 1.4; 95% CI 1.1, 1.8) across varied times and locations. Overall, rates of technology-related distraction were low, with headphone use being most prevalent. Males were more likely to wear headphones/earbuds (OR 2.0; 95% CI 1.4, 2.9), as were cyclists on Citi Bikes relative to other rental bikes (OR 2.2; 95% CI 1.3, 3.6). Findings from this study contribute to the growing literature on distracted biking and helmet use among bike share program riders and other cyclists and can inform policymakers and program planners aiming to improve bicycle safety in urban settings.\",\"language\":\"eng\",\"number\":\"1\",\"journal\":\"Journal of Community Health\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ethan\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Danna\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Basch\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Corey\",\"H.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Johnson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Glen\",\"D.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hammond\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Rodney\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Chow\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ching\",\"Man\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Varsos\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Victoria\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"February\",\"year\":\"2016\",\"pmid\":\"26323983\",\"keywords\":\"Bicycling, Cell Phone, Female, Head Protective Devices, Helmet use, Humans, Male, New York City, Prevalence, Technology-related distracted biking, Urban bike share programs\",\"pages\":\"138–145\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{ethan_analysis_2016,\\n\\ttitle = {An {Analysis} of {Technology}-{Related} {Distracted} {Biking} {Behaviors} and {Helmet} {Use} {Among} {Cyclists} in {New} {York} {City}},\\n\\tvolume = {41},\\n\\tissn = {1573-3610},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s10900-015-0079-0},\\n\\tabstract = {Bicycling is becoming an increasingly utilized mode of transportation in New York City. Technology-related distracted bicycling and helmet use are behaviors that can impact bike safety. The aims of this study were twofold: (1) to determine rates and types of technology-related distracted behaviors among bicyclists in the borough of Manhattan in New York City; and (2) to assess the rate of bicycle helmet use among these cyclists. Bicyclists in five popular riding areas in Manhattan were observed for a total of 50 h using a digital video camera during summer months in 2014. Videos were coded and enumerated for the total number and gender of cyclists, type of bicycle, number wearing headphones/earbuds and/or using a mobile phone, and whether the cyclist was wearing a helmet. Almost 25,000 cyclists were observed across the five selected locations (n = 24,861). Riders were almost four times more likely not to wear a helmet on rental bikes as compared with non-rentals (Citi Bike(®) OR 3.8; 95\\\\% CI 2.5, 5.9: other rental OR 3.8; 95\\\\% CI 3.0, 4.9). Significantly increased odds of not wearing a helmet were observed for females relative to males (OR 1.4; 95\\\\% CI 1.1, 1.8) across varied times and locations. Overall, rates of technology-related distraction were low, with headphone use being most prevalent. Males were more likely to wear headphones/earbuds (OR 2.0; 95\\\\% CI 1.4, 2.9), as were cyclists on Citi Bikes relative to other rental bikes (OR 2.2; 95\\\\% CI 1.3, 3.6). Findings from this study contribute to the growing literature on distracted biking and helmet use among bike share program riders and other cyclists and can inform policymakers and program planners aiming to improve bicycle safety in urban settings.},\\n\\tlanguage = {eng},\\n\\tnumber = {1},\\n\\tjournal = {Journal of Community Health},\\n\\tauthor = {Ethan, Danna and Basch, Corey H. and Johnson, Glen D. and Hammond, Rodney and Chow, Ching Man and Varsos, Victoria},\\n\\tmonth = feb,\\n\\tyear = {2016},\\n\\tpmid = {26323983},\\n\\tkeywords = {Bicycling, Cell Phone, Female, Head Protective Devices, Helmet use, Humans, Male, New York City, Prevalence, Technology-related distracted biking, Urban bike share programs},\\n\\tpages = {138--145},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Ethan, D.\",\"Basch, C. H.\",\"Johnson, G. D.\",\"Hammond, R.\",\"Chow, C. M.\",\"Varsos, V.\"],\"key\":\"ethan_analysis_2016\",\"id\":\"ethan_analysis_2016\",\"bibbaseid\":\"ethan-basch-johnson-hammond-chow-varsos-ananalysisoftechnologyrelateddistractedbikingbehaviorsandhelmetuseamongcyclistsinnewyorkcity-2016\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{},\"keyword\":[\"Bicycling\",\"Cell Phone\",\"Female\",\"Head Protective Devices\",\"Helmet use\",\"Humans\",\"Male\",\"New York City\",\"Prevalence\",\"Technology-related distracted biking\",\"Urban bike share programs\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"downloads\":0,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Moving to an active lifestyle? A systematic review of the effects of residential relocation on walking, physical activity and travel behaviour\",\"volume\":\"52\",\"issn\":\"1473-0480\",\"shorttitle\":\"Moving to an active lifestyle?\",\"doi\":\"10.1136/bjsports-2017-098833\",\"abstract\":\"OBJECTIVE: To synthesise the literature on the effects of neighbourhood environmental change through residential relocation on physical activity, walking and travel behaviour. DESIGN: Systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines (PROSPERO registration number CRD42017077681). DATA SOURCES: Electronic databases for peer-reviewed and grey literature were systematically searched to March 2017, followed by forward and backward citation tracking. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: A study was eligible for inclusion if it (1) measured changes in neighbourhood built environment attributes as a result of residential relocation (either prospectively or retrospectively); (2) included a measure of physical activity, walking, cycling or travel modal change as an outcome; (3) was quantitative and (4) included an English abstract or summary. RESULTS: A total of 23 studies was included in the review. Among the eight retrospective longitudinal studies, there was good evidence for the relationship between relocation and walking (consistency score (CS)\\\\textgreater90%). For the 15 prospective longitudinal studies, the evidence for the effects of environmental change/relocation on physical activity or walking was weak to moderate (CS mostly \\\\textless45%), even weaker for effects on other outcomes, including physical activity, cycling, public transport use and driving. Results from risk of bias analyses support the robustness of the findings. CONCLUSION: The results are encouraging for the retrospective longitudinal relocation studies, but weaker evidence exists for the methodologically stronger prospective longitudinal relocation studies. The evidence base is currently limited, and continued longitudinal research should extend the plethora of cross-sectional studies to build higher-quality evidence.\",\"language\":\"eng\",\"number\":\"12\",\"journal\":\"British Journal of Sports Medicine\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ding\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ding\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Nguyen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Binh\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Learnihan\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Vincent\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bauman\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Adrian\",\"E.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Davey\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Rachel\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jalaludin\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Bin\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Gebel\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Klaus\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"June\",\"year\":\"2018\",\"pmid\":\"29858466\",\"keywords\":\"Automobile Driving, Bicycling, Exercise, Humans, Life Style, Residence Characteristics, Transportation, Travel, Walking, community, epidemiology, evaluation, physical activity, walking\",\"pages\":\"789–799\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{ding_moving_2018,\\n\\ttitle = {Moving to an active lifestyle? {A} systematic review of the effects of residential relocation on walking, physical activity and travel behaviour},\\n\\tvolume = {52},\\n\\tissn = {1473-0480},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Moving to an active lifestyle?},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1136/bjsports-2017-098833},\\n\\tabstract = {OBJECTIVE: To synthesise the literature on the effects of neighbourhood environmental change through residential relocation on physical activity, walking and travel behaviour.\\nDESIGN: Systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines (PROSPERO registration number CRD42017077681).\\nDATA SOURCES: Electronic databases for peer-reviewed and grey literature were systematically searched to March 2017, followed by forward and backward citation tracking.\\nELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: A study was eligible for inclusion if it (1) measured changes in neighbourhood built environment attributes as a result of residential relocation (either prospectively or retrospectively); (2) included a measure of physical activity, walking, cycling or travel modal change as an outcome; (3) was quantitative and (4) included an English abstract or summary.\\nRESULTS: A total of 23 studies was included in the review. Among the eight retrospective longitudinal studies, there was good evidence for the relationship between relocation and walking (consistency score (CS){\\\\textgreater}90\\\\%). For the 15 prospective longitudinal studies, the evidence for the effects of environmental change/relocation on physical activity or walking was weak to moderate (CS mostly {\\\\textless}45\\\\%), even weaker for effects on other outcomes, including physical activity, cycling, public transport use and driving. Results from risk of bias analyses support the robustness of the findings.\\nCONCLUSION: The results are encouraging for the retrospective longitudinal relocation studies, but weaker evidence exists for the methodologically stronger prospective longitudinal relocation studies. The evidence base is currently limited, and continued longitudinal research should extend the plethora of cross-sectional studies to build higher-quality evidence.},\\n\\tlanguage = {eng},\\n\\tnumber = {12},\\n\\tjournal = {British Journal of Sports Medicine},\\n\\tauthor = {Ding, Ding and Nguyen, Binh and Learnihan, Vincent and Bauman, Adrian E. and Davey, Rachel and Jalaludin, Bin and Gebel, Klaus},\\n\\tmonth = jun,\\n\\tyear = {2018},\\n\\tpmid = {29858466},\\n\\tkeywords = {Automobile Driving, Bicycling, Exercise, Humans, Life Style, Residence Characteristics, Transportation, Travel, Walking, community, epidemiology, evaluation, physical activity, walking},\\n\\tpages = {789--799},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Ding, D.\",\"Nguyen, B.\",\"Learnihan, V.\",\"Bauman, A. E.\",\"Davey, R.\",\"Jalaludin, B.\",\"Gebel, K.\"],\"key\":\"ding_moving_2018\",\"id\":\"ding_moving_2018\",\"bibbaseid\":\"ding-nguyen-learnihan-bauman-davey-jalaludin-gebel-movingtoanactivelifestyleasystematicreviewoftheeffectsofresidentialrelocationonwalkingphysicalactivityandtravelbehaviour-2018\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{},\"keyword\":[\"Automobile Driving\",\"Bicycling\",\"Exercise\",\"Humans\",\"Life Style\",\"Residence Characteristics\",\"Transportation\",\"Travel\",\"Walking\",\"community\",\"epidemiology\",\"evaluation\",\"physical activity\",\"walking\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"downloads\":0,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Helmet use in BIXI cyclists in Toronto, Canada: an observational study\",\"volume\":\"2\",\"issn\":\"2044-6055\",\"shorttitle\":\"Helmet use in BIXI cyclists in Toronto, Canada\",\"doi\":\"10.1136/bmjopen-2012-001049\",\"abstract\":\"OBJECTIVE: To investigate the use of helmets for cyclists choosing to use BIXI bikes in comparison to personal bike riders in the City of Toronto. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study design. SETTING: Cyclists were observed in Toronto, Canada. PARTICIPANTS: Of the 6732 sample size, 306 cyclists on BIXI bikes and 6426 personal bike riders were observed. OUTCOME MEASURE: The outcome of interest was helmet use. RESULTS: Overall, 50.3% of cyclists wore helmets. The proportion of BIXI bike riders using helmets was significantly lower than the proportion of helmet users on personal bikes (20.9% vs 51.7%, respectively, p\\\\textless0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Although the BIXI bike programme has provided an alternate means for Torontonians to use a bicycle, cyclists using BIXI bikes are much less likely to wear a helmet. Since the prevalence of helmet use in cyclists in general is already low, helmet use should be especially promoted in BIXI bike riders in order to promote a safe and healthy environment for cyclists.\",\"language\":\"eng\",\"number\":\"3\",\"journal\":\"BMJ open\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bonyun\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Marissa\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Camden\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Andi\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Macarthur\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Colin\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Howard\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Andrew\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2012\",\"pmid\":\"22710130\",\"pmcid\":\"PMC3378939\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{bonyun_helmet_2012,\\n\\ttitle = {Helmet use in {BIXI} cyclists in {Toronto}, {Canada}: an observational study},\\n\\tvolume = {2},\\n\\tissn = {2044-6055},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Helmet use in {BIXI} cyclists in {Toronto}, {Canada}},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1136/bmjopen-2012-001049},\\n\\tabstract = {OBJECTIVE: To investigate the use of helmets for cyclists choosing to use BIXI bikes in comparison to personal bike riders in the City of Toronto.\\nDESIGN: Cross-sectional study design.\\nSETTING: Cyclists were observed in Toronto, Canada.\\nPARTICIPANTS: Of the 6732 sample size, 306 cyclists on BIXI bikes and 6426 personal bike riders were observed.\\nOUTCOME MEASURE: The outcome of interest was helmet use.\\nRESULTS: Overall, 50.3\\\\% of cyclists wore helmets. The proportion of BIXI bike riders using helmets was significantly lower than the proportion of helmet users on personal bikes (20.9\\\\% vs 51.7\\\\%, respectively, p{\\\\textless}0.0001).\\nCONCLUSIONS: Although the BIXI bike programme has provided an alternate means for Torontonians to use a bicycle, cyclists using BIXI bikes are much less likely to wear a helmet. Since the prevalence of helmet use in cyclists in general is already low, helmet use should be especially promoted in BIXI bike riders in order to promote a safe and healthy environment for cyclists.},\\n\\tlanguage = {eng},\\n\\tnumber = {3},\\n\\tjournal = {BMJ open},\\n\\tauthor = {Bonyun, Marissa and Camden, Andi and Macarthur, Colin and Howard, Andrew},\\n\\tyear = {2012},\\n\\tpmid = {22710130},\\n\\tpmcid = {PMC3378939},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Bonyun, M.\",\"Camden, A.\",\"Macarthur, C.\",\"Howard, A.\"],\"key\":\"bonyun_helmet_2012\",\"id\":\"bonyun_helmet_2012\",\"bibbaseid\":\"bonyun-camden-macarthur-howard-helmetuseinbixicyclistsintorontocanadaanobservationalstudy-2012\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"downloads\":0,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Helmet use among cyclists in New York City\",\"volume\":\"39\",\"issn\":\"1573-3610\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10900-014-9836-8\",\"abstract\":\"Lack of helmet use while bicycling can have deleterious effects on health. Despite evidence that helmets can greatly reduce the risk of head injury, the prevalence of helmet use among riders, including those in urban bicycle-share programs, has been shown to be very low. Building upon the authors' previous work, this study's aim was to assess prevalence of helmet use among cyclists riding on widely used New York City (NYC) bike lanes. Across a 2-month period, cyclists were filmed in five NYC locations with bike lanes. Filming took place at two separate time periods (recreation and commute) at each location. Helmet use was coded for each cyclist. A total of 1,921 riders were observed across 10 h. Overall, half (50.0 %) of all riders were observed wearing a helmet. Rates of using a helmet were consistent across all five locations. In addition, only 21.7 % of Citi Bike users and 15.3 % of other bicycle rentals were observed wearing helmets while cycling. The prevalence of helmet use was significantly higher among males than females (z = 4.48, p \\\\textless .001). Cyclists observed during the recreational time period were also less likely than those observed during the commuting time period to be wearing a helmet (z = 7.17, p \\\\textless .001). The results of this study contribute to the growing literature about cyclist helmet use in urban areas.\",\"language\":\"eng\",\"number\":\"5\",\"journal\":\"Journal of Community Health\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Basch\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Corey\",\"H.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Zagnit\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Emily\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Rajan\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sonali\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ethan\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Danna\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Basch\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Charles\",\"E.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"October\",\"year\":\"2014\",\"pmid\":\"24532308\",\"keywords\":\"Bicycling, Female, Head Protective Devices, Humans, Male, New York City, Prevalence, Sex Factors\",\"pages\":\"956–958\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{basch_helmet_2014,\\n\\ttitle = {Helmet use among cyclists in {New} {York} {City}},\\n\\tvolume = {39},\\n\\tissn = {1573-3610},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s10900-014-9836-8},\\n\\tabstract = {Lack of helmet use while bicycling can have deleterious effects on health. Despite evidence that helmets can greatly reduce the risk of head injury, the prevalence of helmet use among riders, including those in urban bicycle-share programs, has been shown to be very low. Building upon the authors' previous work, this study's aim was to assess prevalence of helmet use among cyclists riding on widely used New York City (NYC) bike lanes. Across a 2-month period, cyclists were filmed in five NYC locations with bike lanes. Filming took place at two separate time periods (recreation and commute) at each location. Helmet use was coded for each cyclist. A total of 1,921 riders were observed across 10 h. Overall, half (50.0 \\\\%) of all riders were observed wearing a helmet. Rates of using a helmet were consistent across all five locations. In addition, only 21.7 \\\\% of Citi Bike users and 15.3 \\\\% of other bicycle rentals were observed wearing helmets while cycling. The prevalence of helmet use was significantly higher among males than females (z = 4.48, p {\\\\textless} .001). Cyclists observed during the recreational time period were also less likely than those observed during the commuting time period to be wearing a helmet (z = 7.17, p {\\\\textless} .001). The results of this study contribute to the growing literature about cyclist helmet use in urban areas.},\\n\\tlanguage = {eng},\\n\\tnumber = {5},\\n\\tjournal = {Journal of Community Health},\\n\\tauthor = {Basch, Corey H. and Zagnit, Emily A. and Rajan, Sonali and Ethan, Danna and Basch, Charles E.},\\n\\tmonth = oct,\\n\\tyear = {2014},\\n\\tpmid = {24532308},\\n\\tkeywords = {Bicycling, Female, Head Protective Devices, Humans, Male, New York City, Prevalence, Sex Factors},\\n\\tpages = {956--958},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Basch, C. H.\",\"Zagnit, E. A.\",\"Rajan, S.\",\"Ethan, D.\",\"Basch, C. E.\"],\"key\":\"basch_helmet_2014\",\"id\":\"basch_helmet_2014\",\"bibbaseid\":\"basch-zagnit-rajan-ethan-basch-helmetuseamongcyclistsinnewyorkcity-2014\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{},\"keyword\":[\"Bicycling\",\"Female\",\"Head Protective Devices\",\"Humans\",\"Male\",\"New York City\",\"Prevalence\",\"Sex Factors\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"downloads\":0,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Public bike sharing in New York City: helmet use behavior patterns at 25 Citi Bike™ stations\",\"volume\":\"40\",\"issn\":\"1573-3610\",\"shorttitle\":\"Public bike sharing in New York City\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10900-014-9967-y\",\"abstract\":\"Urban public bicycle sharing programs are on the rise in the United States. Launched in 2013, NYC's public bicycle share program, Citi Bike™ is the fastest growing program of its kind in the nation, with nearly 100,000 members and more than 330 docking stations across Manhattan and Brooklyn. The purpose of this study was to assess helmet use behavior among Citi Bike™ riders at 25 of the busiest docking stations. The 25 Citi Bike™ Stations varied greatly in terms of usage: total number of cyclists (N = 96-342), commute versus recreation (22.9-79.5% commute time riders), weekday versus weekend (6.0-49.0% weekend riders). Helmet use ranged between 2.9 and 29.2% across sites (median = 7.5 %). A total of 4,919 cyclists were observed, of whom 545 (11.1%) were wearing helmets. Incoming cyclists were more likely to wear helmets than outgoing cyclists (11.0 vs 5.9%, p = .000). NYC's bike share program endorses helmet use, but relies on education to encourage it. Our data confirm that, to date, this strategy has not been successful.\",\"language\":\"eng\",\"number\":\"3\",\"journal\":\"Journal of Community Health\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Basch\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Corey\",\"H.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ethan\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Danna\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Zybert\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Patricia\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Afzaal\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sarah\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Spillane\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Michael\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Basch\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Charles\",\"E.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"June\",\"year\":\"2015\",\"pmid\":\"25388627\",\"keywords\":\"Bicycling, Head Protective Devices, Humans, New York City, Recreation, Sex Distribution, Time Factors, Transportation, Urban Population\",\"pages\":\"530–533\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{basch_public_2015,\\n\\ttitle = {Public bike sharing in {New} {York} {City}: helmet use behavior patterns at 25 {Citi} {Bike}™ stations},\\n\\tvolume = {40},\\n\\tissn = {1573-3610},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Public bike sharing in {New} {York} {City}},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s10900-014-9967-y},\\n\\tabstract = {Urban public bicycle sharing programs are on the rise in the United States. Launched in 2013, NYC's public bicycle share program, Citi Bike™ is the fastest growing program of its kind in the nation, with nearly 100,000 members and more than 330 docking stations across Manhattan and Brooklyn. The purpose of this study was to assess helmet use behavior among Citi Bike™ riders at 25 of the busiest docking stations. The 25 Citi Bike™ Stations varied greatly in terms of usage: total number of cyclists (N = 96-342), commute versus recreation (22.9-79.5\\\\% commute time riders), weekday versus weekend (6.0-49.0\\\\% weekend riders). Helmet use ranged between 2.9 and 29.2\\\\% across sites (median = 7.5 \\\\%). A total of 4,919 cyclists were observed, of whom 545 (11.1\\\\%) were wearing helmets. Incoming cyclists were more likely to wear helmets than outgoing cyclists (11.0 vs 5.9\\\\%, p = .000). NYC's bike share program endorses helmet use, but relies on education to encourage it. Our data confirm that, to date, this strategy has not been successful.},\\n\\tlanguage = {eng},\\n\\tnumber = {3},\\n\\tjournal = {Journal of Community Health},\\n\\tauthor = {Basch, Corey H. and Ethan, Danna and Zybert, Patricia and Afzaal, Sarah and Spillane, Michael and Basch, Charles E.},\\n\\tmonth = jun,\\n\\tyear = {2015},\\n\\tpmid = {25388627},\\n\\tkeywords = {Bicycling, Head Protective Devices, Humans, New York City, Recreation, Sex Distribution, Time Factors, Transportation, Urban Population},\\n\\tpages = {530--533},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Basch, C. H.\",\"Ethan, D.\",\"Zybert, P.\",\"Afzaal, S.\",\"Spillane, M.\",\"Basch, C. E.\"],\"key\":\"basch_public_2015\",\"id\":\"basch_public_2015\",\"bibbaseid\":\"basch-ethan-zybert-afzaal-spillane-basch-publicbikesharinginnewyorkcityhelmetusebehaviorpatternsat25citibikestations-2015\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{},\"keyword\":[\"Bicycling\",\"Head Protective Devices\",\"Humans\",\"New York City\",\"Recreation\",\"Sex Distribution\",\"Time Factors\",\"Transportation\",\"Urban Population\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"downloads\":0,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Helmet use among users of the Citi Bike bicycle-sharing program: a pilot study in New York City\",\"volume\":\"39\",\"issn\":\"1573-3610\",\"shorttitle\":\"Helmet use among users of the Citi Bike bicycle-sharing program\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10900-013-9785-7\",\"abstract\":\"The use of bicycle helmets to prevent or reduce serious head injuries is well established. However, it is unclear how to effectively promote helmet use, particularly in the context of bicycle-sharing programs. The need to determine rates of helmet use specifically among users of bicycle-sharing programs and understand if certain characteristics, such as time of day, affect helmet use, is imperative if effective promotion and/or legislative efforts addressing helmet use are to be developed. We estimated the prevalence of helmet use among a sample of Citi Bike program users in New York City. A total of 1,054 cyclists were observed over 44 h and across the 22 busiest Citi Bike locations. Overall, 85.3% (95% CI 82.2, 88.4%) of the cyclists observed did not wear a helmet. Rates of helmet non-use were also consistent whether cyclists were entering or leaving the docking station, among cyclists using the Citi Bikes earlier versus later in the day, and among cyclists using the Citi Bikes on weekends versus weekdays. Improved understanding about factors that facilitate and hinder helmet use is needed to help reduce head injury risk among users of bicycle sharing programs.\",\"language\":\"eng\",\"number\":\"3\",\"journal\":\"Journal of Community Health\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Basch\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Corey\",\"H.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ethan\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Danna\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Rajan\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sonali\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Samayoa-Kozlowsky\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sandra\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Basch\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Charles\",\"E.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"June\",\"year\":\"2014\",\"pmid\":\"24177959\",\"keywords\":\"Bicycling, Head Protective Devices, Humans, New York City, Pilot Projects\",\"pages\":\"503–507\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{basch_helmet_2014-1,\\n\\ttitle = {Helmet use among users of the {Citi} {Bike} bicycle-sharing program: a pilot study in {New} {York} {City}},\\n\\tvolume = {39},\\n\\tissn = {1573-3610},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Helmet use among users of the {Citi} {Bike} bicycle-sharing program},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s10900-013-9785-7},\\n\\tabstract = {The use of bicycle helmets to prevent or reduce serious head injuries is well established. However, it is unclear how to effectively promote helmet use, particularly in the context of bicycle-sharing programs. The need to determine rates of helmet use specifically among users of bicycle-sharing programs and understand if certain characteristics, such as time of day, affect helmet use, is imperative if effective promotion and/or legislative efforts addressing helmet use are to be developed. We estimated the prevalence of helmet use among a sample of Citi Bike program users in New York City. A total of 1,054 cyclists were observed over 44 h and across the 22 busiest Citi Bike locations. Overall, 85.3\\\\% (95\\\\% CI 82.2, 88.4\\\\%) of the cyclists observed did not wear a helmet. Rates of helmet non-use were also consistent whether cyclists were entering or leaving the docking station, among cyclists using the Citi Bikes earlier versus later in the day, and among cyclists using the Citi Bikes on weekends versus weekdays. Improved understanding about factors that facilitate and hinder helmet use is needed to help reduce head injury risk among users of bicycle sharing programs.},\\n\\tlanguage = {eng},\\n\\tnumber = {3},\\n\\tjournal = {Journal of Community Health},\\n\\tauthor = {Basch, Corey H. and Ethan, Danna and Rajan, Sonali and Samayoa-Kozlowsky, Sandra and Basch, Charles E.},\\n\\tmonth = jun,\\n\\tyear = {2014},\\n\\tpmid = {24177959},\\n\\tkeywords = {Bicycling, Head Protective Devices, Humans, New York City, Pilot Projects},\\n\\tpages = {503--507},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Basch, C. H.\",\"Ethan, D.\",\"Rajan, S.\",\"Samayoa-Kozlowsky, S.\",\"Basch, C. E.\"],\"key\":\"basch_helmet_2014-1\",\"id\":\"basch_helmet_2014-1\",\"bibbaseid\":\"basch-ethan-rajan-samayoakozlowsky-basch-helmetuseamongusersofthecitibikebicyclesharingprogramapilotstudyinnewyorkcity-2014\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{},\"keyword\":[\"Bicycling\",\"Head Protective Devices\",\"Humans\",\"New York City\",\"Pilot Projects\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"downloads\":0,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Exploring the impact of walk–bike infrastructure, safety perception, and built-environment on active transportation mode choice: a random parameter model using New York City commuter data\",\"volume\":\"45\",\"issn\":\"1572-9435\",\"shorttitle\":\"Exploring the impact of walk–bike infrastructure, safety perception, and built-environment on active transportation mode choice\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-017-9760-8\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s11116-017-9760-8\",\"abstract\":\"This study estimates a random parameter (mixed) logit model for active transportation (walk and bicycle) choices for work trips in the New York City (using 2010–2011 Regional Household Travel Survey Data). We explored the effects of traffic safety, walk–bike network facilities, and land use attributes on walk and bicycle mode choice decision in the New York City for home-to-work commute. Applying the flexible econometric structure of random parameter models, we capture the heterogeneity in the decision making process and simulate scenarios considering improvement in walk–bike infrastructure such as sidewalk width and length of bike lane. Our results indicate that increasing sidewalk width, total length of bike lane, and proportion of protected bike lane will increase the likelihood of more people taking active transportation mode This suggests that the local authorities and planning agencies to invest more on building and maintaining the infrastructure for pedestrians. Further, improvement in traffic safety by reducing traffic crashes involving pedestrians and bicyclists, will increase the likelihood of taking active transportation modes. Our results also show positive correlation between number of non-motorized trips by the other family members and the likelihood to choose active transportation mode. The model would be an essential tool to estimate the impact of improving traffic safety and walk–bike infrastructure which will assist in investment decision making.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"5\",\"urldate\":\"2019-02-26\",\"journal\":\"Transportation\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Aziz\"],\"firstnames\":[\"H.\",\"M.\",\"Abdul\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Nagle\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Nicholas\",\"N.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Morton\"],\"firstnames\":[\"April\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hilliard\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Michael\",\"R.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"White\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Devin\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Stewart\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Robert\",\"N.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"September\",\"year\":\"2018\",\"keywords\":\"Active transportation, Bicycling, New York City, Random parameter model, Travel behavior, Walking\",\"pages\":\"1207–1229\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{aziz_exploring_2018,\\n\\ttitle = {Exploring the impact of walk–bike infrastructure, safety perception, and built-environment on active transportation mode choice: a random parameter model using {New} {York} {City} commuter data},\\n\\tvolume = {45},\\n\\tissn = {1572-9435},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Exploring the impact of walk–bike infrastructure, safety perception, and built-environment on active transportation mode choice},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-017-9760-8},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s11116-017-9760-8},\\n\\tabstract = {This study estimates a random parameter (mixed) logit model for active transportation (walk and bicycle) choices for work trips in the New York City (using 2010–2011 Regional Household Travel Survey Data). We explored the effects of traffic safety, walk–bike network facilities, and land use attributes on walk and bicycle mode choice decision in the New York City for home-to-work commute. Applying the flexible econometric structure of random parameter models, we capture the heterogeneity in the decision making process and simulate scenarios considering improvement in walk–bike infrastructure such as sidewalk width and length of bike lane. Our results indicate that increasing sidewalk width, total length of bike lane, and proportion of protected bike lane will increase the likelihood of more people taking active transportation mode This suggests that the local authorities and planning agencies to invest more on building and maintaining the infrastructure for pedestrians. Further, improvement in traffic safety by reducing traffic crashes involving pedestrians and bicyclists, will increase the likelihood of taking active transportation modes. Our results also show positive correlation between number of non-motorized trips by the other family members and the likelihood to choose active transportation mode. The model would be an essential tool to estimate the impact of improving traffic safety and walk–bike infrastructure which will assist in investment decision making.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {5},\\n\\turldate = {2019-02-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Transportation},\\n\\tauthor = {Aziz, H. M. Abdul and Nagle, Nicholas N. and Morton, April M. and Hilliard, Michael R. and White, Devin A. and Stewart, Robert N.},\\n\\tmonth = sep,\\n\\tyear = {2018},\\n\\tkeywords = {Active transportation, Bicycling, New York City, Random parameter model, Travel behavior, Walking},\\n\\tpages = {1207--1229},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Aziz, H. M. A.\",\"Nagle, N. N.\",\"Morton, A. M.\",\"Hilliard, M. R.\",\"White, D. A.\",\"Stewart, R. N.\"],\"key\":\"aziz_exploring_2018\",\"id\":\"aziz_exploring_2018\",\"bibbaseid\":\"aziz-nagle-morton-hilliard-white-stewart-exploringtheimpactofwalkbikeinfrastructuresafetyperceptionandbuiltenvironmentonactivetransportationmodechoicearandomparametermodelusingnewyorkcitycommuterdata-2018\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-017-9760-8\"},\"keyword\":[\"Active transportation\",\"Bicycling\",\"New York City\",\"Random parameter model\",\"Travel behavior\",\"Walking\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"downloads\":0,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"book\",\"type\":\"book\",\"address\":\"Montréal\",\"series\":\"Collection Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal\",\"title\":\"Vieillir en santé: c'est possible !\",\"isbn\":\"978-2-551-25944-1\",\"shorttitle\":\"Vieillir en santé\",\"abstract\":\"Si la tendance se maintient, vous vivrez vieux. Votre corps et vos capacités se modifieront au fil des années à venir… comme ils l’ont fait tout au long de votre vie. Vous expérimenterez peut-être certains irritants du vieillissement comme les trous de mémoire, les douleurs qui apparaissent, les médicaments qui se multiplient, les sens qui s’émoussent.… Vous préférez ne pas y penser ? Ce livre est pour vous. Pour arrêter d’avoir peur de vieillir. Pour faire face au dernier tabou. Qu’est-ce qui fait partie du vieillissement normal ? Qu’est-ce qui n’en fait pas partie ? Les auteures proposent des actions à prendre dès maintenant pour maintenir ou améliorer votre santé, loin des recettes toutes faites ou des produits miracles. En effet, les 11 chapitres de ce livre ont été validés scientifiquement par des chercheurs du Centre de recherche de l’Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal. Rigueur scientifique, dédramatisation et trucs utiles : voici une lecture nécessaire pour s’adapter à cette nouvelle étape de la vie. Parce qu’à partir de 65 ans, il y a toute une vie à saisir ! [Éditeur]\",\"publisher\":\"Éditions du CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sirois\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Michèle\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Belleville\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sylvie\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2017\",\"keywords\":\"Personnes âgées, Prévention, Santé et hygiène, Vieillissement\",\"bibtex\":\"@book{sirois_vieillir_2017,\\n\\taddress = {Montréal},\\n\\tseries = {Collection {Institut} universitaire de gériatrie de {Montréal}},\\n\\ttitle = {Vieillir en santé: c'est possible !},\\n\\tisbn = {978-2-551-25944-1},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Vieillir en santé},\\n\\tabstract = {Si la tendance se maintient, vous vivrez vieux. Votre corps et vos capacités se modifieront au fil des années à venir… comme ils l’ont fait tout au long de votre vie. Vous expérimenterez peut-être certains irritants du vieillissement comme les trous de mémoire, les douleurs qui apparaissent, les médicaments qui se multiplient, les sens qui s’émoussent.… Vous préférez ne pas y penser ? Ce livre est pour vous. Pour arrêter d’avoir peur de vieillir. Pour faire face au dernier tabou.\\n\\nQu’est-ce qui fait partie du vieillissement normal ? Qu’est-ce qui n’en fait pas partie ? Les auteures proposent des actions à prendre dès maintenant pour maintenir ou améliorer votre santé, loin des recettes toutes faites ou des produits miracles. En effet, les 11 chapitres de ce livre ont été validés scientifiquement par des chercheurs du Centre de recherche de l’Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal. Rigueur scientifique, dédramatisation et trucs utiles : voici une lecture nécessaire pour s’adapter à cette nouvelle étape de la vie.\\n\\nParce qu’à partir de 65 ans, il y a toute une vie à saisir ! [Éditeur]},\\n\\tpublisher = {Éditions du CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal},\\n\\tauthor = {Sirois, Michèle and Belleville, Sylvie},\\n\\tyear = {2017},\\n\\tkeywords = {Personnes âgées, Prévention, Santé et hygiène, Vieillissement},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Sirois, M.\",\"Belleville, S.\"],\"key\":\"sirois_vieillir_2017\",\"id\":\"sirois_vieillir_2017\",\"bibbaseid\":\"sirois-belleville-vieillirensantcestpossible-2017\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{},\"keyword\":[\"Personnes âgées\",\"Prévention\",\"Santé et hygiène\",\"Vieillissement\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"downloads\":0,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"book\",\"type\":\"book\",\"address\":\"Québec\",\"title\":\"À nous de jouer: jeu actif et jeu libre pour le développement de l'enfant\",\"isbn\":\"978-2-550-77669-7 978-2-550-77830-1\",\"shorttitle\":\"À nous de jouer\",\"publisher\":\"Ministère de l'éducation et de l'enseignement supérieur\",\"editor\":[{\"firstnames\":[\"Table\"],\"propositions\":[\"sur\",\"le\",\"mode\",\"de\",\"vie\",\"physiquement\",\"actif\"],\"lastnames\":[],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"firstnames\":[\"Québec\"],\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"(Province)\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2017\",\"keywords\":\"Activité motrice chez l'enfant, Jeu chez l'enfant, Québec (Province)\",\"bibtex\":\"@book{table_sur_le_mode_de_vie_physiquement_actif_a_2017,\\n\\taddress = {Québec},\\n\\ttitle = {À nous de jouer: jeu actif et jeu libre pour le développement de l'enfant},\\n\\tisbn = {978-2-550-77669-7 978-2-550-77830-1},\\n\\tshorttitle = {À nous de jouer},\\n\\tpublisher = {Ministère de l'éducation et de l'enseignement supérieur},\\n\\teditor = {Table sur le mode de vie physiquement actif and Québec (Province)},\\n\\tyear = {2017},\\n\\tkeywords = {Activité motrice chez l'enfant, Jeu chez l'enfant, Québec (Province)},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"editor_short\":[\"sur le mode de vie physiquement actif , T.\",\"(Province), Q.\"],\"key\":\"table_sur_le_mode_de_vie_physiquement_actif_a_2017\",\"id\":\"table_sur_le_mode_de_vie_physiquement_actif_a_2017\",\"bibbaseid\":\"surlemodedeviephysiquementactif-province-nousdejouerjeuactifetjeulibrepourledveloppementdelenfant-2017\",\"role\":\"editor\",\"urls\":{},\"keyword\":[\"Activité motrice chez l'enfant\",\"Jeu chez l'enfant\",\"Québec (Province)\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"downloads\":0,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Sedentary Behaviour in Swiss Children and Adolescents: Disentangling Associations with the Perceived and Objectively Measured Environment\",\"volume\":\"15\",\"issn\":\"1660-4601\",\"shorttitle\":\"Sedentary Behaviour in Swiss Children and Adolescents\",\"doi\":\"10.3390/ijerph15050918\",\"abstract\":\"Identifying correlates of sedentary behaviour across all levels of the ecological model and understanding their interrelations is a promising method to plan effective interventions. The present study examined whether the objectively assessed and the perceived neighbourhood are associated with children&rsquo;s sedentary behaviour time (SBT). A comprehensive set of factors at different levels of influence across the ecological model were taken into account and analysed for mediating and modifying effects. Analyses were based on 1306 children and adolescents (6⁻16 years) participating in the population-based SOPHYA-study. Accelerometers were used to assess SBT, the perceived environment was examined by a validated parental questionnaire, and objective environmental data were allocated using GIS (ArcMap 10.2, Esri, Redlands, CA, USA) for each family&rsquo;s residential address. A high perceived safety was associated with less SBT. Boys, those whose residential neighbourhood was characterized by dead ends in urban areas, a low main street density in the neighbourhood of children and greenness were less likely to exhibit SBT. The association of the objective environment with the respective parental perceptions was low and no significant mediating effect was found for the perceived environment. We conclude for land-use planning to reduce sedentary behaviour objective environments should be complemented with efforts to increase parental sense of security.\",\"language\":\"eng\",\"number\":\"5\",\"journal\":\"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bringolf-Isler\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Bettina\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[\"de\"],\"lastnames\":[\"Hoogh\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Kees\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Schindler\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Christian\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kayser\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Bengt\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Suggs\"],\"firstnames\":[\"L.\",\"Suzanne\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Dössegger\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Alain\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Probst-Hensch\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Nicole\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"firstnames\":[],\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"SOPHYA Study Group\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2018\",\"pmid\":\"29734712\",\"pmcid\":\"PMC5981957\",\"keywords\":\"Adolescent, Child, Child Behavior, Cross-Sectional Studies, Environment Design, Exercise, Female, GIS, Health Behavior, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Recreation, Residence Characteristics, Sedentary Behavior, Surveys and Questionnaires, Switzerland, accelerometer, adolescents, children, home environment, neighbourhood, objective environment, perceived environment, public health, sedentary behaviour, social environment, urbanicity, walkability\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{bringolf-isler_sedentary_2018,\\n\\ttitle = {Sedentary {Behaviour} in {Swiss} {Children} and {Adolescents}: {Disentangling} {Associations} with the {Perceived} and {Objectively} {Measured} {Environment}},\\n\\tvolume = {15},\\n\\tissn = {1660-4601},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Sedentary {Behaviour} in {Swiss} {Children} and {Adolescents}},\\n\\tdoi = {10.3390/ijerph15050918},\\n\\tabstract = {Identifying correlates of sedentary behaviour across all levels of the ecological model and understanding their interrelations is a promising method to plan effective interventions. The present study examined whether the objectively assessed and the perceived neighbourhood are associated with children\\\\&rsquo;s sedentary behaviour time (SBT). A comprehensive set of factors at different levels of influence across the ecological model were taken into account and analysed for mediating and modifying effects. Analyses were based on 1306 children and adolescents (6⁻16 years) participating in the population-based SOPHYA-study. Accelerometers were used to assess SBT, the perceived environment was examined by a validated parental questionnaire, and objective environmental data were allocated using GIS (ArcMap 10.2, Esri, Redlands, CA, USA) for each family\\\\&rsquo;s residential address. A high perceived safety was associated with less SBT. Boys, those whose residential neighbourhood was characterized by dead ends in urban areas, a low main street density in the neighbourhood of children and greenness were less likely to exhibit SBT. The association of the objective environment with the respective parental perceptions was low and no significant mediating effect was found for the perceived environment. We conclude for land-use planning to reduce sedentary behaviour objective environments should be complemented with efforts to increase parental sense of security.},\\n\\tlanguage = {eng},\\n\\tnumber = {5},\\n\\tjournal = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health},\\n\\tauthor = {Bringolf-Isler, Bettina and de Hoogh, Kees and Schindler, Christian and Kayser, Bengt and Suggs, L. Suzanne and Dössegger, Alain and Probst-Hensch, Nicole and {SOPHYA Study Group}},\\n\\tyear = {2018},\\n\\tpmid = {29734712},\\n\\tpmcid = {PMC5981957},\\n\\tkeywords = {Adolescent, Child, Child Behavior, Cross-Sectional Studies, Environment Design, Exercise, Female, GIS, Health Behavior, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Recreation, Residence Characteristics, Sedentary Behavior, Surveys and Questionnaires, Switzerland, accelerometer, adolescents, children, home environment, neighbourhood, objective environment, perceived environment, public health, sedentary behaviour, social environment, urbanicity, walkability},\\n}\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Bringolf-Isler, B.\",\"de Hoogh, K.\",\"Schindler, C.\",\"Kayser, B.\",\"Suggs, L. S.\",\"Dössegger, A.\",\"Probst-Hensch, N.\",\"SOPHYA Study Group\"],\"key\":\"bringolf-isler_sedentary_2018\",\"id\":\"bringolf-isler_sedentary_2018\",\"bibbaseid\":\"bringolfisler-dehoogh-schindler-kayser-suggs-dssegger-probsthensch-sophyastudygroup-sedentarybehaviourinswisschildrenandadolescentsdisentanglingassociationswiththeperceivedandobjectivelymeasuredenvironment-2018\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{},\"keyword\":[\"Adolescent\",\"Child\",\"Child Behavior\",\"Cross-Sectional Studies\",\"Environment Design\",\"Exercise\",\"Female\",\"GIS\",\"Health Behavior\",\"Health Surveys\",\"Humans\",\"Male\",\"Recreation\",\"Residence Characteristics\",\"Sedentary Behavior\",\"Surveys and Questionnaires\",\"Switzerland\",\"accelerometer\",\"adolescents\",\"children\",\"home environment\",\"neighbourhood\",\"objective environment\",\"perceived environment\",\"public health\",\"sedentary behaviour\",\"social environment\",\"urbanicity\",\"walkability\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"downloads\":0,\"html\":\"\"}],\n      metadata: {\"authorlinks\":{}},\n      ownerID: undefined\n    };\n  </script>\n\n  <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n  var site$;\n  if (typeof $ != 'undefined') {\n    console.log('existing jquery: storing and then restoring');\n    site$ = $;\n    $ = null;\n  }\n  </script>\n\n  <script src=\"https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.2.4/jquery.min.js\">\n  </script>\n  <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n  if (site$) {\n    console.log('existing jquery: avoiding conflict and restoring');\n    bb$ = $.noConflict(true);\n    $ = site$;\n  } else {\n    bb$ = $;\n  }\n  </script>\n\n  <script src=\"//bibbase.org/js/bibbase.min.js\"\n          type=\"text/javascript\">\n  </script>\n\n  <script type=\"text/javascript\"\n          src=\"https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.1/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML\">\n  </script>\n  <script type=\"text/x-mathjax-config\">\n    MathJax.Hub.Config({tex2jax: {inlineMath: [['$','$'], ['\\\\(','\\\\)']]},\n                        skipTags: [\"body\"],\n                        processClass: \"bibbase_paper\"});\n  </script>\n\n  <style>\n  @media print {\n    .dontprint {\n        display: none !important;\n    }\n\n  .bibbase_group {\n    background-color: #E0E0E0;\n    font-style: italic;\n    font-size: larger;\n    text-shadow: 0px 0px 3px #FFFFFF;\n    border-radius: 4px 4px 4px 4px;\n    -moz-border-radius: 4px 4px 4px 4px;\n    -webkit-border-radius: 4px;\n    padding: 5px 40px 5px;\n    margin-top: 10px;\n    margin-bottom: 5px;\n    cursor: pointer;\n  }\n\n  .bibbase_paper {\n    margin-bottom: 5px;\n  }\n\n  }\n  </style>\n\n  \n  <div style=\"float: right; margin-right: 10px; margin-top: 10px; text-align: right; font-size: 12px\">\n    generated by\n    <a href=\"//bibbase.org\"\n       onclick=\"trackOutboundLink('bibbase', 'logo clicked', window.location.href, '//bibbase.org'); return false;\">\n      <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/logo.svg\"\n           style=\"vertical-align: middle; margin-left: 3px; height: 16px;\"/\n           alt=\"bibbase.org\"\n           title=\"BibBase – The easiest way to maintain your publications page.\"\n        ></a>\n    \n  </div>\n  \n\n  <div id=\"bibbase_header\" class=\"dontprint\" style=\"\">\n\n    <ul class=\"nav nav-pills\" style=\"margin: 0px;\">\n\n      <li class=\"dropdown\" id=\"groupby_dropdown\">\n      <a class=\"dropdown-toggle\"\n         data-toggle=\"dropdown\"\n         href=\"#\">\n          Group by\n          <b class=\"caret\"></b>\n      </a>\n      <ul class=\"dropdown-menu\">\n        <li class=\"groupby year\"><a onclick=\"groupby('year')\">\n            Year</a>\n        </li>\n        <li class=\"groupby author\"><a onclick=\"groupby('author_short')\">\n            Author</a>\n        </li>\n        <li class=\"groupby type\"><a onclick=\"groupby('type')\">\n            Type</a>\n        </li>\n        <li class=\"groupby keyword\"><a onclick=\"groupby('keyword')\">\n            Keyword</a>\n        </li>\n        <li class=\"groupby downloads\"><a onclick=\"groupby('downloads')\">\n            Downloads</a>\n        </li>\n      </ul>\n      </li>\n\n\n      <li class=\"dropdown\" id=\"menu_dropdown\">\n      <a class=\"dropdown-toggle\"\n         data-toggle=\"dropdown\"\n         href=\"#\" alt=\"controls\">\n          <i class=\"fa fa-reorder\" alt=\"controls\"></i>\n          <b class=\"caret\"></b>\n      </a>\n      <ul class=\"dropdown-menu\">\n        <li>\n          <a onclick=\"toggleAll()\">\n            <i class=\"fa fa-chevron-down fa-fw\"></i> Expand/Collapse All\n          </a>\n        </li>\n        <li>\n          <a download=\"items\" href=\"data:text/bibtex;base64,@article{ribeiro_development_2018,
	title = {Development of a {Neighbourhood} {Walkability} {Index} for {Porto} {Metropolitan} {Area}. {How} {Strongly} {Is} {Walkability} {Associated} with {Walking} for {Transport}?},
	volume = {15},
	issn = {1660-4601},
	doi = {10.3390/ijerph15122767},
	abstract = {The creation of walkable communities constitutes a cost-effective health promotion strategy, as walking is an accessible and free intervention for increasing physical activity and health. In this cross-sectional ecological study, we developed a walkability index for the Porto Metropolitan Area and we validated it by assessing its association with walking for transportation. Neighborhood walkability was measured using a geographic information system and resulted from the weighted sum of residential density, street connectivity, and a destination-based entropy index. The index was categorized into quintiles of increasing walkability. Among the 1,112,555 individuals living in the study area, 28.1\% resided in neighborhoods in the upper quintile of walkability and 15.8\% resided in the least walkable neighborhoods. Adjusted regression models revealed that individuals residing in the most walkable neighborhoods are 81\% more likely to report walking for transportation, compared with those from the least walkable neighborhoods (odds ratio: 1.81; 95\% confidence intervals: 1.76⁻1.87). These results suggest that community design strategies to improve walkability may promote walking behavior.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {12},
	journal = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health},
	author = {Ribeiro, Ana Isabel and Hoffimann, Elaine},
	year = {2018},
	pmid = {30563290},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Environment Design, Female, Geographic Information Systems, Health Promotion, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Portugal, Residence Characteristics, Transportation, Urban Population, Walking, Young Adult, built environment, health promotion, physical activity, urban form, urban health, walking},
}



@article{lanza_how_2019,
	title = {How race, ethnicity, and income moderate the relationship between urban vegetation and physical activity in the {United} {States}},
	volume = {121},
	issn = {0091-7435},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.01.022},
	abstract = {To facilitate physical activity interventions, researchers identify which factors associate with physical activity, such as vegetation levels of the surrounding environment. While most studies examining vegetation and physical activity find a positive correlation, the literature does not investigate how vegetation may have a varied effect on physical activity based on demographic composition. This study examined how race, ethnicity, and income moderate the relationship between both non-tree vegetation and tree canopy on the percentage of individuals participating in leisure-time physical activity per census tract. Physical activity data from 2013 to 2014 for 7842 census tracts across 25 US cities originated from the CDC's 500 Cities project. Aerial images from the USDA's National Agriculture Imagery Program were used to classify vegetation levels per tract. Demographic variables originated from the American Community Survey 2011-2015 5-year estimates. Tracts were stratified into four types (Black + low income, Hispanic + low income, White + high income, and remaining) and assessed through multilevel modeling as to whether tract type moderated the relationship between vegetation and physical activity. Results showed that non-tree vegetation negatively associated with physical activity across all census tract types, while tree canopy exhibited a mixed association with physical activity, based on tract type. These findings can spur further research into how vegetation impacts physical activity of different demographic groups, and potentially inform greenspace and tree planting installments in those areas at greatest risk for physical inactivity-related diseases.},
	journal = {Preventive Medicine},
	author = {Lanza, Kevin and Stone, Brian and Haardörfer, Regine and Stone, Brian Jr},
	month = apr,
	year = {2019},
	pages = {55--61},
}



@article{ding_mobile_2018,
	title = {Mobile bicycle sharing: the social trend that could change how we move},
	volume = {3},
	issn = {2468-2667},
	shorttitle = {Mobile bicycle sharing},
	doi = {10.1016/S2468-2667(18)30066-5},
	language = {eng},
	number = {5},
	journal = {The Lancet. Public Health},
	author = {Ding, Ding and Jia, Yingnan and Gebel, Klaus},
	year = {2018},
	pmid = {29678559},
	keywords = {Bicycling, China, Cities, Global Health, Humans, Social Change, Transportation},
	pages = {e215},
}



@article{oluyomi_foot-based_2019,
	title = {Foot-based audit of streets adjacent to new light rail stations in {Houston}, {Texas}: measurement of health-related characteristics of the built environment for physical activity research},
	volume = {19},
	issn = {1471-2458},
	shorttitle = {Foot-based audit of streets adjacent to new light rail stations in {Houston}, {Texas}},
	doi = {10.1186/s12889-019-6560-4},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Active travel to and from a transit station may provide significant amounts of physical activity and improve health. The ease with which people can traverse the distance to the transit station may impede or support active travel. Therefore, transit stations that have features that are supportive of utilitarian physical activity would be desirable. This study aimed to characterize the built environment surrounding new light rail transit (LRT) stations in the City of Houston, Texas.
METHODS: In 2014, we used a series of systematic protocols and a standardized environmental audit instrument, the Analytic Audit Tool, to collect data on segments (streets) that surround 22 LRT stations that were being newly built. Using Geographic Information System (GIS), we assembled all the segments that intersect a 0.25-mile circular buffer around each station for the audit exercise. Several 3- to 4-member teams of trained auditors completed the audit exercise on a subset of these identified segments. Our analysis were descriptive in nature. We provided the frequency distributions of audited features across the study area. We also followed an original algorithm to produce several composite index scores for our study area. The composite index score is indicative of the prevalence of physical activity friendly/unfriendly features in the study area.
RESULTS: In all, we audited a total of 590 segments covering a total of 218 US Census blocks, and eight City of Houston super neighborhoods. Findings suggest the environment around the new LRT stations may not be supportive of physical activity. In general, the audited segments lacked land use integration; had abandoned buildings, had uneven sidewalks; were not bike-friendly, had minimal presence of public-recreational facilities that would support physical activity; and had significant physical disorder. Notably, certain attractive and comfort features were frequently to usually available.
CONCLUSIONS: Current findings, which will be compared to follow-up audit data, can be useful for future researchers and practitioners interested in the built environment around LRT stations.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {1},
	journal = {BMC public health},
	author = {Oluyomi, Abiodun O. and Knell, Gregory and Durand, Casey P. and Mercader, Clara and Salvo, Deborah and Sener, Ipek N. and Gabriel, Kelley Pettee and Hoelscher, Deanna M. and Kohl, Harold W.},
	month = feb,
	year = {2019},
	pmid = {30819121},
	pmcid = {PMC6393971},
	keywords = {Active commute, Built environment, Environmental audit, Physical activity, Urban health},
	pages = {238},
}



@article{zguira_internet_2018,
	title = {Internet of {Bikes}: {A} {DTN} {Protocol} with {Data} {Aggregation} for {Urban} {Data} {Collection}},
	volume = {18},
	issn = {1424-8220},
	shorttitle = {Internet of {Bikes}},
	doi = {10.3390/s18092819},
	abstract = {Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) are an essential part of the global world. They play a substantial role for facing many issues such as traffic jams, high accident rates, unhealthy lifestyles, air pollution, etc. Public bike sharing system is one part of ITS and can be used to collect data from mobiles devices. In this paper, we propose an efficient, "Internet of Bikes", IoB-DTN routing protocol based on data aggregation which applies the Delay Tolerant Network (DTN) paradigm to Internet of Things (IoT) applications running data collection on urban bike sharing system based sensor network. We propose and evaluate three variants of IoB-DTN: IoB based on spatial aggregation (IoB-SA), IoB based on temporal aggregation (IoB-TA) and IoB based on spatiotemporal aggregation (IoB-STA). The simulation results show that the three variants offer the best performances regarding several metrics, comparing to IoB-DTN without aggregation and the low-power long-range technology, LoRa type. In an urban application, the choice of the type of which variant of IoB should be used depends on the sensed values.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {9},
	journal = {Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)},
	author = {Zguira, Yosra and Rivano, Hervé and Meddeb, Aref},
	month = aug,
	year = {2018},
	pmid = {30150525},
	pmcid = {PMC6163721},
	keywords = {LoRa/LoRaWAN, data aggregation, data collection, delay tolerant networks, internet of bikes, internet of things, low-power long-range technology, smart cities, wireless sensor networks},
}



@misc{noauthor_impacts_nodate,
	title = {Impacts of built environment and emerging green technologies on daily transportation greenhouse gas emissions in {Quebec} cities: a disaggregate modeling approach {\textbar} {SpringerLink}},
	url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11116-015-9631-0},
	urldate = {2019-02-26},
}



@article{smith_systematic_2017,
	title = {Systematic literature review of built environment effects on physical activity and active transport - an update and new findings on health equity},
	volume = {14},
	issn = {1479-5868},
	doi = {10.1186/s12966-017-0613-9},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Evidence is mounting to suggest a causal relationship between the built environment and people's physical activity behaviours, particularly active transport. The evidence base has been hindered to date by restricted consideration of cost and economic factors associated with built environment interventions, investigation of socioeconomic or ethnic differences in intervention effects, and an inability to isolate the effect of the built environment from other intervention types. The aims of this systematic review were to identify which environmental interventions increase physical activity in residents at the local level, and to build on the evidence base by considering intervention cost, and the differential effects of interventions by ethnicity and socioeconomic status.
METHODS: A systematic database search was conducted in June 2015. Articles were eligible if they reported a quantitative empirical study (natural experiment or a prospective, retrospective, experimental, or longitudinal research) investigating the relationship between objectively measured built environment feature(s) and physical activity and/or travel behaviours in children or adults. Quality assessment was conducted and data on intervention cost and whether the effect of the built environment differed by ethnicity or socioeconomic status were extracted.
RESULTS: Twenty-eight studies were included in the review. Findings showed a positive effect of walkability components, provision of quality parks and playgrounds, and installation of or improvements in active transport infrastructure on active transport, physical activity, and visits or use of settings. There was some indication that infrastructure improvements may predominantly benefit socioeconomically advantaged groups. Studies were commonly limited by selection bias and insufficient controlling for confounders. Heterogeneity in study design and reporting limited comparability across studies or any clear conclusions to be made regarding intervention cost.
CONCLUSIONS: Improving neighbourhood walkability, quality of parks and playgrounds, and providing adequate active transport infrastructure is likely to generate positive impacts on activity in children and adults. The possibility that the benefits of infrastructure improvements may be inequitably distributed requires further investigation. Opportunities to improve the quality of evidence exist, including strategies to improve response rates and representativeness, use of valid and reliable measurement tools, cost-benefit analyses, and adequate controlling for confounders.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {1},
	journal = {The International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity},
	author = {Smith, Melody and Hosking, Jamie and Woodward, Alistair and Witten, Karen and MacMillan, Alexandra and Field, Adrian and Baas, Peter and Mackie, Hamish},
	year = {2017},
	pmid = {29145884},
	pmcid = {PMC5693449},
	keywords = {Bicycling, Causation, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Cycling, Environment Design, Exercise, Health Equity, Health equality, Humans, Playgrounds, Residence Characteristics, Socioeconomic Factors, Transportation, Urban form, Walkability, Walking},
	pages = {158},
}



@article{quinn_demographic_2017,
	title = {Demographic factors, workplace factors and active transportation use in the {USA}: a secondary analysis of 2009 {NHTS} data},
	volume = {71},
	issn = {1470-2738},
	shorttitle = {Demographic factors, workplace factors and active transportation use in the {USA}},
	doi = {10.1136/jech-2016-207820},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: While active transportation has health, economic and environmental benefits, participation within the USA is low. The purpose of this study is to examine relationships of demographic and workplace factors with health-enhancing active transportation and commuting.
METHODS: Participants in the 2009 National Household Travel Survey reported demographics, workplace factors (time/distance to work, flextime availability, option to work from home and work start time) and active transportation (for any purpose) or commuting (to and from work, workers only) as walking or biking (≥10 min bouts only). Multiple logistic regression examined cross-sectional relationships between demographics and workplace factors with active transportation and commuting.
RESULTS: Among 152 573 participants, active transportation was reported by 1.11\% by biking and 11.74\% by walking. Among 111 808 working participants, active commuting was reported by 0.80\% by biking and 2.76\% by walking. Increased odds (p{\textless}0.05) of active commuting and transportation were associated with younger age, lower income, urban dwelling, and the highest and lowest education categories. Males had greater odds of commuting and transporting by bike but decreased odds of walk transporting. Inconsistent patterns were observed by race, but whites had greater odds of any biking (p{\textless}0.05). Odds of active commuting were higher with a flexible schedule (p{\textless}0.001), the option to work from home (p{\textless}0.05), shorter time and distance to work (both p{\textless}0.001), and work arrival time between 11:00 and 15:59 (walking only, p=0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Active transportation differed across demographic and workplace factors. These relationships could inform infrastructure policy decisions and workplace wellness programming targeting increased active transportation.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {5},
	journal = {Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health},
	author = {Quinn, Tyler D. and Jakicic, John M. and Fertman, Carl I. and Barone Gibbs, Bethany},
	year = {2017},
	pmid = {27986862},
	keywords = {Adult, Bicycling, Choice Behavior, Cross-Sectional Studies, DEMOGRAPHY, Female, Health Behavior, Health Promotion, Humans, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, TRAFFIC, Transportation, Travel, United States, WORKPLACE, Walking, Workplace, Young Adult},
	pages = {480--486},
}



@article{mumford_changes_2011,
	title = {Changes in physical activity and travel behaviors in residents of a mixed-use development},
	volume = {41},
	issn = {1873-2607},
	doi = {10.1016/j.amepre.2011.07.016},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Mixed-use developments may be especially promising settings for encouraging walking and other types of physical activity.
PURPOSE: This study examined the physical activity and travel behaviors of individuals before and after they relocated to Atlantic Station, a mixed-use redevelopment community in metropolitan Atlanta.
METHODS: A survey study was conducted to compare the behaviors, experiences, and attitudes of Atlantic Station residents before and after moving to a mixed-use neighborhood. Data were collected in 2008 and 2009 and analyzed in 2010. Key dependent variables were self-reported physical activity and travel behaviors including walking for recreation and transport, automobile use, and use of public transportation.
RESULTS: Study participants included 101 adult residents of Atlantic Station, most of whom were female, young, and well educated. There were significant increases in walking for recreation or fitness (46\%-54\%; p{\textless}0.05) and walking for transportation (44\%-84\%; p{\textless}0.001) after moving into the mixed-use development. Respondents also reported reduced automobile travel and increased time spent using public transportation after moving to Atlantic Station. Because this study used individuals as their own controls, there is more control over confounding lifestyle variables compared to cross-sectional studies of individuals living in different neighborhoods.
CONCLUSIONS: Adults who move to a denser, mixed-use neighborhood increase their levels of walking for both recreation and transportation, decrease their automobile travel, and increase their use of public transportation.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {5},
	journal = {American Journal of Preventive Medicine},
	author = {Mumford, Karen G. and Contant, Cheryl K. and Weissman, Jennifer and Wolf, Jean and Glanz, Karen},
	month = nov,
	year = {2011},
	pmid = {22011422},
	keywords = {Adult, Automobile Driving, Data Collection, Environment Design, Female, Georgia, Humans, Male, Motor Activity, Recreation, Residence Characteristics, Transportation, Walking},
	pages = {504--507},
}



@article{mccormack_changes_2017,
	title = {Changes in {Objectively}-{Determined} {Walkability} and {Physical} {Activity} in {Adults}: {A} {Quasi}-{Longitudinal} {Residential} {Relocation} {Study}},
	volume = {14},
	issn = {1660-4601},
	shorttitle = {Changes in {Objectively}-{Determined} {Walkability} and {Physical} {Activity} in {Adults}},
	doi = {10.3390/ijerph14050551},
	abstract = {Causal evidence for the built environment's role in supporting physical activity is needed to inform land use and transportation policies. This quasi-longitudinal residential relocation study compared within-person changes in self-reported transportation walking, transportation cycling, and overall physical activity during the past 12 months among adults who did and did not move to a different neighbourhood. In 2014, a random sample of adults from 12 neighbourhoods (Calgary, AB, Canada) with varying urban form and socioeconomic status provided complete self-administered questionnaire data (n = 915). Participants, some of whom moved neighbourhood during the past 12 months (n = 95), reported their perceived change in transportation walking and cycling, and overall physical activity during that period. The questionnaire also captured residential self-selection, and sociodemographic and health characteristics. Walk Scores® were linked to each participant's current and previous neighbourhood and three groups identified: walkability "improvers" (n = 48); "decliners" (n = 47), and; "maintainers" (n = 820). Perceived change in physical activity was compared between the three groups using propensity score covariate-adjusted Firth logistic regression (odds ratios: OR). Compared with walkability maintainers, walkability decliners (OR 4.37) and improvers (OR 4.14) were more likely (p {\textless} 0.05) to report an increase in their transportation walking since moving neighbourhood, while walkability decliners were also more likely (OR 3.17) to report decreasing their transportation walking since moving. Walkability improvers were more likely than maintainers to increase their transportation cycling since moving neighbourhood (OR 4.22). Temporal changes in neighbourhood walkability resulting from residential relocation appear to be associated with reported temporal changes in transportation walking and cycling in adults.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {5},
	journal = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health},
	author = {McCormack, Gavin R. and McLaren, Lindsay and Salvo, Grazia and Blackstaffe, Anita},
	year = {2017},
	pmid = {28531149},
	pmcid = {PMC5452001},
	keywords = {Adult, Aged, Alberta, Bicycling, Female, Humans, Logistic Models, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Residence Characteristics, Self Report, Surveys and Questionnaires, Transportation, Walking, built environment, cycling, longitudinal, natural experiment, neighbourhood, physical activity, residential relocation, walkability, walking},
}



@misc{noauthor_perceptions_nodate,
	title = {Perceptions of walkability and determinants of walking behaviour among urban seniors in {Toronto}, {Canada} - {ScienceDirect}},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214140517306448},
	urldate = {2019-02-26},
}



@article{lapointe_renforcement_2017,
	title = {Le renforcement des capacités communautaires et l’implantation d’un programme de promotion du transport actif vers l’école : le cas de {Trottibus}},
	shorttitle = {Le renforcement des capacités communautaires et l’implantation d’un programme de promotion du transport actif vers l’école},
	url = {https://papyrus.bib.umontreal.ca/xmlui/handle/1866/19869},
	language = {en},
	urldate = {2019-02-26},
	author = {Lapointe, Laurence},
	month = nov,
	year = {2017},
}



@article{hosking_organisational_2010,
	title = {Organisational travel plans for improving health},
	issn = {1469-493X},
	doi = {10.1002/14651858.CD005575.pub3},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Dependence on car use has a number of broad health implications, including contributing to physical inactivity, road traffic injury, air pollution and social severance, as well as entrenching lifestyles that require environmentally unsustainable energy use. Travel plans are interventions that aim to reduce single-occupant car use and increase the use of alternatives such as walking, cycling and public transport, with a variety of behavioural and structural components. This review focuses on organisational travel plans for schools, tertiary institutes and workplaces. These plans are closely aligned in their aims and intervention design, having emerged from a shared theoretical base.
OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of organisational travel plans on health, either directly measured, or through changes in travel mode.
SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the following electronic databases; Transport (1988 to June 2008), MEDLINE (1950 to June 2008), EMBASE (1947 to June 2008), CINAHL (1982 to June 2008), ERIC (1966 to June 2008), PSYCINFO (1806 to June 2008), Sociological Abstracts (1952 to June 2008), BUILD (1989 to 2002), Social Sciences Citation Index (1900 to June 2008), Science Citation Index (1900 to June 2008), Arts \& Humanities Index (1975 to June 2008), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (to August 2008), CENTRAL (to August 2008), Cochrane Injuries Group Register (to December 2009), C2-RIPE (to July 2008), C2-SPECTR (to July 2008), ProQuest Dissertations \& Theses (1861 to June 2008). We also searched the reference lists of relevant articles, conference proceedings and Internet sources. We did not restrict the search by date, language or publication status.
SELECTION CRITERIA: We included randomised controlled trials and controlled before-after studies of travel behaviour change programmes conducted in an organisational setting, where the measured outcome was change in travel mode or health. Both positive and negative health effects were included.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two authors independently assessed eligibility, assessed trial quality and extracted data.
MAIN RESULTS: Seventeen studies were included. Ten were conducted in a school setting, two in universities, and five in workplaces. One study directly measured health outcomes, and all included studies measured travel outcomes. Two cluster randomised controlled trials in the school setting showed either no change in travel mode or mixed results. A randomised controlled trial in the workplace setting, conducted in a pre-selected group who were already contemplating or preparing for active travel, found improved health-related quality of life on some sub scales, and increased walking. Two controlled before-after studies found that school travel interventions increased walking. Other studies were judged to be at high risk of bias. No included studies were conducted in low- or middle-income countries, and no studies measured the social distribution of effects or adverse effects, such as injury.
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: There is insufficient evidence to determine whether organisational travel plans are effective for improving health or changing travel mode. Organisational travel plans should be considered as complex health promotion interventions, with considerable potential to influence community health outcomes depending on the environmental context in which they are introduced. Given the current lack of evidence, organisational travel plans should be implemented in the context of robustly-designed research studies, such as well-designed cluster randomised trials.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {3},
	journal = {The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews},
	author = {Hosking, Jamie and Macmillan, Alexandra and Connor, Jennie and Bullen, Chris and Ameratunga, Shanthi},
	month = mar,
	year = {2010},
	pmid = {20238341},
	keywords = {Adult, Automobile Driving, Bicycling, Child, Exercise, Female, Health Promotion, Humans, Male, Organizational Innovation, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Schools, Travel, Walking, Workplace},
	pages = {CD005575},
}



@article{goodman_walking_2013,
	title = {Walking, cycling and driving to work in the {English} and {Welsh} 2011 census: trends, socio-economic patterning and relevance to travel behaviour in general},
	volume = {8},
	issn = {1932-6203},
	shorttitle = {Walking, cycling and driving to work in the {English} and {Welsh} 2011 census},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0071790},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVES: Increasing walking and cycling, and reducing motorised transport, are health and environmental priorities. This paper examines levels and trends in the use of different commute modes in England and Wales, both overall and with respect to small-area deprivation. It also investigates whether commute modal share can serve as a proxy for travel behaviour more generally.
METHODS: 23.7 million adult commuters reported their usual main mode of travelling to work in the 2011 census in England and Wales; similar data were available for 1971-2001. Indices of Multiple Deprivation were used to characterise socio-economic patterning. The National Travel Survey (2002-2010) was used to examine correlations between commute modal share and modal share of total travel time. These correlations were calculated across 150 non-overlapping populations defined by region, year band and income.
RESULTS: Among commuters in 2011, 67.1\% used private motorised transport as their usual main commute mode (-1.8 percentage-point change since 2001); 17.8\% used public transport (+1.8\% change); 10.9\% walked (-0.1\% change); and 3.1\% cycled (+0.1\% change). Walking and, to a marginal extent, cycling were more common among those from deprived areas, but these gradients had flattened over the previous decade to the point of having essentially disappeared for cycling. In the National Travel Survey, commute modal share and total modal share were reasonably highly correlated for private motorised transport (r = 0.94), public transport (r = 0.96), walking (r = 0.88 excluding London) and cycling (r = 0.77).
CONCLUSIONS: England and Wales remain car-dependent, but the trends are slightly more encouraging. Unlike many health behaviours, it is more common for socio-economically disadvantaged groups to commute using physically active modes. This association is, however, weakening and may soon reverse for cycling. At a population level, commute modal share provides a reasonable proxy for broader travel patterns, enhancing the value of the census in characterising background trends and evaluating interventions.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {8},
	journal = {PloS One},
	author = {Goodman, Anna},
	year = {2013},
	pmid = {23990990},
	pmcid = {PMC3749195},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Automobile Driving, Bicycling, Censuses, Data Collection, England, Geography, Humans, Linear Models, Middle Aged, Surveys and Questionnaires, Transportation, Travel, Wales, Walking, Young Adult},
	pages = {e71790},
}



@article{fuller_impact_2013,
	title = {Impact evaluation of a public bicycle share program on cycling: a case example of {BIXI} in {Montreal}, {Quebec}},
	volume = {103},
	issn = {1541-0048},
	shorttitle = {Impact evaluation of a public bicycle share program on cycling},
	doi = {10.2105/AJPH.2012.300917},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVES: We examined associations between residential exposure to BIXI (BIcycle-taXI)-a public bicycle share program implemented in Montreal, Quebec, in 2009, which increases accessibility to cycling by making available 5050 bicycles at 405 bicycle docking stations-and likelihood of cycling (BIXI and non-BIXI) in Montreal over the first 2 years of implementation.
METHODS: Three population-based samples of adults participated in telephone surveys. Data collection occurred at the launch of the program (spring 2009), and at the end of the first (fall 2009) and second (fall 2010) seasons of implementation. Difference in differences models assessed whether greater cycling was observed for those exposed to BIXI compared with those not exposed at each time point.
RESULTS: We observed a greater likelihood of cycling for those exposed to the public bicycle share program after the second season of implementation (odds ratio = 2.86; 95\% confidence interval = 1.85, 4.42) after we controlled for weather, built environment, and individual variables.
CONCLUSIONS: The implementation of a public bicycle share program can lead to greater likelihood of cycling among persons living in areas where bicycles are made available.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {3},
	journal = {American Journal of Public Health},
	author = {Fuller, Daniel and Gauvin, Lise and Kestens, Yan and Daniel, Mark and Fournier, Michel and Morency, Patrick and Drouin, Louis},
	month = mar,
	year = {2013},
	pmid = {23327280},
	pmcid = {PMC3673500},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Bicycling, Cross-Sectional Studies, Data Collection, Female, Health Promotion, Humans, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, Quebec, Recreation, Time Factors, Transportation, Young Adult},
	pages = {e85--92},
}



@article{fuller_use_2011,
	title = {Use of a new public bicycle share program in {Montreal}, {Canada}},
	volume = {41},
	issn = {1873-2607},
	doi = {10.1016/j.amepre.2011.03.002},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Cycling contributes to physical activity and health. Public bicycle share programs (PBSPs) increase population access to bicycles by deploying bicycles at docking stations throughout a city. Minimal research has systematically examined the prevalence and correlates of PBSP use.
PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence and correlates of use of a new public bicycle share program called BIXI (name merges the word BIcycle and taXI) implemented in May 2009 in Montreal, Canada.
METHODS: A total of 2502 adults were recruited to a telephone survey in autumn 2009 via random-digit dialing according to a stratified random sampling design. The prevalence of BIXI bicycle use was estimated. Multivariate logistic regression allowed for identification of correlates of use. Data analysis was conducted in spring and summer 2010.
RESULTS: The unweighted mean age of respondents was 47.4 (SD=16.8) years and 61.4\% were female. The weighted prevalence for use of BIXI bicycles at least once was 8.2\%. Significant correlates of BIXI bicycle use were having a BIXI docking station within 250 m of home, being aged 18-24 years, being university educated, being on work leave, and using cycling as the primary mode of transportation to work.
CONCLUSIONS: A newly implemented public bicycle share program attracts a substantial fraction of the population and is more likely to attract younger and more educated people who currently use cycling as a primary transportation mode.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {1},
	journal = {American Journal of Preventive Medicine},
	author = {Fuller, Daniel and Gauvin, Lise and Kestens, Yan and Daniel, Mark and Fournier, Michel and Morency, Patrick and Drouin, Louis},
	month = jul,
	year = {2011},
	pmid = {21665067},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Bicycling, Data Collection, Educational Status, Female, Health Promotion, Humans, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, Multivariate Analysis, Prevalence, Quebec, Residence Characteristics, Transportation, Young Adult},
	pages = {80--83},
}



@article{ethan_analysis_2016,
	title = {An {Analysis} of {Technology}-{Related} {Distracted} {Biking} {Behaviors} and {Helmet} {Use} {Among} {Cyclists} in {New} {York} {City}},
	volume = {41},
	issn = {1573-3610},
	doi = {10.1007/s10900-015-0079-0},
	abstract = {Bicycling is becoming an increasingly utilized mode of transportation in New York City. Technology-related distracted bicycling and helmet use are behaviors that can impact bike safety. The aims of this study were twofold: (1) to determine rates and types of technology-related distracted behaviors among bicyclists in the borough of Manhattan in New York City; and (2) to assess the rate of bicycle helmet use among these cyclists. Bicyclists in five popular riding areas in Manhattan were observed for a total of 50 h using a digital video camera during summer months in 2014. Videos were coded and enumerated for the total number and gender of cyclists, type of bicycle, number wearing headphones/earbuds and/or using a mobile phone, and whether the cyclist was wearing a helmet. Almost 25,000 cyclists were observed across the five selected locations (n = 24,861). Riders were almost four times more likely not to wear a helmet on rental bikes as compared with non-rentals (Citi Bike(®) OR 3.8; 95\% CI 2.5, 5.9: other rental OR 3.8; 95\% CI 3.0, 4.9). Significantly increased odds of not wearing a helmet were observed for females relative to males (OR 1.4; 95\% CI 1.1, 1.8) across varied times and locations. Overall, rates of technology-related distraction were low, with headphone use being most prevalent. Males were more likely to wear headphones/earbuds (OR 2.0; 95\% CI 1.4, 2.9), as were cyclists on Citi Bikes relative to other rental bikes (OR 2.2; 95\% CI 1.3, 3.6). Findings from this study contribute to the growing literature on distracted biking and helmet use among bike share program riders and other cyclists and can inform policymakers and program planners aiming to improve bicycle safety in urban settings.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {1},
	journal = {Journal of Community Health},
	author = {Ethan, Danna and Basch, Corey H. and Johnson, Glen D. and Hammond, Rodney and Chow, Ching Man and Varsos, Victoria},
	month = feb,
	year = {2016},
	pmid = {26323983},
	keywords = {Bicycling, Cell Phone, Female, Head Protective Devices, Helmet use, Humans, Male, New York City, Prevalence, Technology-related distracted biking, Urban bike share programs},
	pages = {138--145},
}



@article{ding_moving_2018,
	title = {Moving to an active lifestyle? {A} systematic review of the effects of residential relocation on walking, physical activity and travel behaviour},
	volume = {52},
	issn = {1473-0480},
	shorttitle = {Moving to an active lifestyle?},
	doi = {10.1136/bjsports-2017-098833},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To synthesise the literature on the effects of neighbourhood environmental change through residential relocation on physical activity, walking and travel behaviour.
DESIGN: Systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines (PROSPERO registration number CRD42017077681).
DATA SOURCES: Electronic databases for peer-reviewed and grey literature were systematically searched to March 2017, followed by forward and backward citation tracking.
ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: A study was eligible for inclusion if it (1) measured changes in neighbourhood built environment attributes as a result of residential relocation (either prospectively or retrospectively); (2) included a measure of physical activity, walking, cycling or travel modal change as an outcome; (3) was quantitative and (4) included an English abstract or summary.
RESULTS: A total of 23 studies was included in the review. Among the eight retrospective longitudinal studies, there was good evidence for the relationship between relocation and walking (consistency score (CS){\textgreater}90\%). For the 15 prospective longitudinal studies, the evidence for the effects of environmental change/relocation on physical activity or walking was weak to moderate (CS mostly {\textless}45\%), even weaker for effects on other outcomes, including physical activity, cycling, public transport use and driving. Results from risk of bias analyses support the robustness of the findings.
CONCLUSION: The results are encouraging for the retrospective longitudinal relocation studies, but weaker evidence exists for the methodologically stronger prospective longitudinal relocation studies. The evidence base is currently limited, and continued longitudinal research should extend the plethora of cross-sectional studies to build higher-quality evidence.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {12},
	journal = {British Journal of Sports Medicine},
	author = {Ding, Ding and Nguyen, Binh and Learnihan, Vincent and Bauman, Adrian E. and Davey, Rachel and Jalaludin, Bin and Gebel, Klaus},
	month = jun,
	year = {2018},
	pmid = {29858466},
	keywords = {Automobile Driving, Bicycling, Exercise, Humans, Life Style, Residence Characteristics, Transportation, Travel, Walking, community, epidemiology, evaluation, physical activity, walking},
	pages = {789--799},
}



@article{bonyun_helmet_2012,
	title = {Helmet use in {BIXI} cyclists in {Toronto}, {Canada}: an observational study},
	volume = {2},
	issn = {2044-6055},
	shorttitle = {Helmet use in {BIXI} cyclists in {Toronto}, {Canada}},
	doi = {10.1136/bmjopen-2012-001049},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To investigate the use of helmets for cyclists choosing to use BIXI bikes in comparison to personal bike riders in the City of Toronto.
DESIGN: Cross-sectional study design.
SETTING: Cyclists were observed in Toronto, Canada.
PARTICIPANTS: Of the 6732 sample size, 306 cyclists on BIXI bikes and 6426 personal bike riders were observed.
OUTCOME MEASURE: The outcome of interest was helmet use.
RESULTS: Overall, 50.3\% of cyclists wore helmets. The proportion of BIXI bike riders using helmets was significantly lower than the proportion of helmet users on personal bikes (20.9\% vs 51.7\%, respectively, p{\textless}0.0001).
CONCLUSIONS: Although the BIXI bike programme has provided an alternate means for Torontonians to use a bicycle, cyclists using BIXI bikes are much less likely to wear a helmet. Since the prevalence of helmet use in cyclists in general is already low, helmet use should be especially promoted in BIXI bike riders in order to promote a safe and healthy environment for cyclists.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {3},
	journal = {BMJ open},
	author = {Bonyun, Marissa and Camden, Andi and Macarthur, Colin and Howard, Andrew},
	year = {2012},
	pmid = {22710130},
	pmcid = {PMC3378939},
}



@article{basch_helmet_2014,
	title = {Helmet use among cyclists in {New} {York} {City}},
	volume = {39},
	issn = {1573-3610},
	doi = {10.1007/s10900-014-9836-8},
	abstract = {Lack of helmet use while bicycling can have deleterious effects on health. Despite evidence that helmets can greatly reduce the risk of head injury, the prevalence of helmet use among riders, including those in urban bicycle-share programs, has been shown to be very low. Building upon the authors' previous work, this study's aim was to assess prevalence of helmet use among cyclists riding on widely used New York City (NYC) bike lanes. Across a 2-month period, cyclists were filmed in five NYC locations with bike lanes. Filming took place at two separate time periods (recreation and commute) at each location. Helmet use was coded for each cyclist. A total of 1,921 riders were observed across 10 h. Overall, half (50.0 \%) of all riders were observed wearing a helmet. Rates of using a helmet were consistent across all five locations. In addition, only 21.7 \% of Citi Bike users and 15.3 \% of other bicycle rentals were observed wearing helmets while cycling. The prevalence of helmet use was significantly higher among males than females (z = 4.48, p {\textless} .001). Cyclists observed during the recreational time period were also less likely than those observed during the commuting time period to be wearing a helmet (z = 7.17, p {\textless} .001). The results of this study contribute to the growing literature about cyclist helmet use in urban areas.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {5},
	journal = {Journal of Community Health},
	author = {Basch, Corey H. and Zagnit, Emily A. and Rajan, Sonali and Ethan, Danna and Basch, Charles E.},
	month = oct,
	year = {2014},
	pmid = {24532308},
	keywords = {Bicycling, Female, Head Protective Devices, Humans, Male, New York City, Prevalence, Sex Factors},
	pages = {956--958},
}



@article{basch_public_2015,
	title = {Public bike sharing in {New} {York} {City}: helmet use behavior patterns at 25 {Citi} {Bike}™ stations},
	volume = {40},
	issn = {1573-3610},
	shorttitle = {Public bike sharing in {New} {York} {City}},
	doi = {10.1007/s10900-014-9967-y},
	abstract = {Urban public bicycle sharing programs are on the rise in the United States. Launched in 2013, NYC's public bicycle share program, Citi Bike™ is the fastest growing program of its kind in the nation, with nearly 100,000 members and more than 330 docking stations across Manhattan and Brooklyn. The purpose of this study was to assess helmet use behavior among Citi Bike™ riders at 25 of the busiest docking stations. The 25 Citi Bike™ Stations varied greatly in terms of usage: total number of cyclists (N = 96-342), commute versus recreation (22.9-79.5\% commute time riders), weekday versus weekend (6.0-49.0\% weekend riders). Helmet use ranged between 2.9 and 29.2\% across sites (median = 7.5 \%). A total of 4,919 cyclists were observed, of whom 545 (11.1\%) were wearing helmets. Incoming cyclists were more likely to wear helmets than outgoing cyclists (11.0 vs 5.9\%, p = .000). NYC's bike share program endorses helmet use, but relies on education to encourage it. Our data confirm that, to date, this strategy has not been successful.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {3},
	journal = {Journal of Community Health},
	author = {Basch, Corey H. and Ethan, Danna and Zybert, Patricia and Afzaal, Sarah and Spillane, Michael and Basch, Charles E.},
	month = jun,
	year = {2015},
	pmid = {25388627},
	keywords = {Bicycling, Head Protective Devices, Humans, New York City, Recreation, Sex Distribution, Time Factors, Transportation, Urban Population},
	pages = {530--533},
}



@article{basch_helmet_2014-1,
	title = {Helmet use among users of the {Citi} {Bike} bicycle-sharing program: a pilot study in {New} {York} {City}},
	volume = {39},
	issn = {1573-3610},
	shorttitle = {Helmet use among users of the {Citi} {Bike} bicycle-sharing program},
	doi = {10.1007/s10900-013-9785-7},
	abstract = {The use of bicycle helmets to prevent or reduce serious head injuries is well established. However, it is unclear how to effectively promote helmet use, particularly in the context of bicycle-sharing programs. The need to determine rates of helmet use specifically among users of bicycle-sharing programs and understand if certain characteristics, such as time of day, affect helmet use, is imperative if effective promotion and/or legislative efforts addressing helmet use are to be developed. We estimated the prevalence of helmet use among a sample of Citi Bike program users in New York City. A total of 1,054 cyclists were observed over 44 h and across the 22 busiest Citi Bike locations. Overall, 85.3\% (95\% CI 82.2, 88.4\%) of the cyclists observed did not wear a helmet. Rates of helmet non-use were also consistent whether cyclists were entering or leaving the docking station, among cyclists using the Citi Bikes earlier versus later in the day, and among cyclists using the Citi Bikes on weekends versus weekdays. Improved understanding about factors that facilitate and hinder helmet use is needed to help reduce head injury risk among users of bicycle sharing programs.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {3},
	journal = {Journal of Community Health},
	author = {Basch, Corey H. and Ethan, Danna and Rajan, Sonali and Samayoa-Kozlowsky, Sandra and Basch, Charles E.},
	month = jun,
	year = {2014},
	pmid = {24177959},
	keywords = {Bicycling, Head Protective Devices, Humans, New York City, Pilot Projects},
	pages = {503--507},
}



@article{aziz_exploring_2018,
	title = {Exploring the impact of walk–bike infrastructure, safety perception, and built-environment on active transportation mode choice: a random parameter model using {New} {York} {City} commuter data},
	volume = {45},
	issn = {1572-9435},
	shorttitle = {Exploring the impact of walk–bike infrastructure, safety perception, and built-environment on active transportation mode choice},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-017-9760-8},
	doi = {10.1007/s11116-017-9760-8},
	abstract = {This study estimates a random parameter (mixed) logit model for active transportation (walk and bicycle) choices for work trips in the New York City (using 2010–2011 Regional Household Travel Survey Data). We explored the effects of traffic safety, walk–bike network facilities, and land use attributes on walk and bicycle mode choice decision in the New York City for home-to-work commute. Applying the flexible econometric structure of random parameter models, we capture the heterogeneity in the decision making process and simulate scenarios considering improvement in walk–bike infrastructure such as sidewalk width and length of bike lane. Our results indicate that increasing sidewalk width, total length of bike lane, and proportion of protected bike lane will increase the likelihood of more people taking active transportation mode This suggests that the local authorities and planning agencies to invest more on building and maintaining the infrastructure for pedestrians. Further, improvement in traffic safety by reducing traffic crashes involving pedestrians and bicyclists, will increase the likelihood of taking active transportation modes. Our results also show positive correlation between number of non-motorized trips by the other family members and the likelihood to choose active transportation mode. The model would be an essential tool to estimate the impact of improving traffic safety and walk–bike infrastructure which will assist in investment decision making.},
	language = {en},
	number = {5},
	urldate = {2019-02-26},
	journal = {Transportation},
	author = {Aziz, H. M. Abdul and Nagle, Nicholas N. and Morton, April M. and Hilliard, Michael R. and White, Devin A. and Stewart, Robert N.},
	month = sep,
	year = {2018},
	keywords = {Active transportation, Bicycling, New York City, Random parameter model, Travel behavior, Walking},
	pages = {1207--1229},
}



@book{sirois_vieillir_2017,
	address = {Montréal},
	series = {Collection {Institut} universitaire de gériatrie de {Montréal}},
	title = {Vieillir en santé: c'est possible !},
	isbn = {978-2-551-25944-1},
	shorttitle = {Vieillir en santé},
	abstract = {Si la tendance se maintient, vous vivrez vieux. Votre corps et vos capacités se modifieront au fil des années à venir… comme ils l’ont fait tout au long de votre vie. Vous expérimenterez peut-être certains irritants du vieillissement comme les trous de mémoire, les douleurs qui apparaissent, les médicaments qui se multiplient, les sens qui s’émoussent. Vous préférez ne pas y penser ? Ce livre est pour vous. Pour arrêter d’avoir peur de vieillir. Pour faire face au dernier tabou.

Qu’est-ce qui fait partie du vieillissement normal ? Qu’est-ce qui n’en fait pas partie ? Les auteures proposent des actions à prendre dès maintenant pour maintenir ou améliorer votre santé, loin des recettes toutes faites ou des produits miracles. En effet, les 11 chapitres de ce livre ont été validés scientifiquement par des chercheurs du Centre de recherche de l’Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal. Rigueur scientifique, dédramatisation et trucs utiles : voici une lecture nécessaire pour s’adapter à cette nouvelle étape de la vie.

Parce qu’à partir de 65 ans, il y a toute une vie à saisir ! [Éditeur]},
	publisher = {Éditions du CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal},
	author = {Sirois, Michèle and Belleville, Sylvie},
	year = {2017},
	keywords = {Personnes âgées, Prévention, Santé et hygiène, Vieillissement},
}



@book{table_sur_le_mode_de_vie_physiquement_actif_a_2017,
	address = {Québec},
	title = {À nous de jouer: jeu actif et jeu libre pour le développement de l'enfant},
	isbn = {978-2-550-77669-7 978-2-550-77830-1},
	shorttitle = {À nous de jouer},
	publisher = {Ministère de l'éducation et de l'enseignement supérieur},
	editor = {Table sur le mode de vie physiquement actif and Québec (Province)},
	year = {2017},
	keywords = {Activité motrice chez l'enfant, Jeu chez l'enfant, Québec (Province)},
}



@article{bringolf-isler_sedentary_2018,
	title = {Sedentary {Behaviour} in {Swiss} {Children} and {Adolescents}: {Disentangling} {Associations} with the {Perceived} and {Objectively} {Measured} {Environment}},
	volume = {15},
	issn = {1660-4601},
	shorttitle = {Sedentary {Behaviour} in {Swiss} {Children} and {Adolescents}},
	doi = {10.3390/ijerph15050918},
	abstract = {Identifying correlates of sedentary behaviour across all levels of the ecological model and understanding their interrelations is a promising method to plan effective interventions. The present study examined whether the objectively assessed and the perceived neighbourhood are associated with children\&rsquo;s sedentary behaviour time (SBT). A comprehensive set of factors at different levels of influence across the ecological model were taken into account and analysed for mediating and modifying effects. Analyses were based on 1306 children and adolescents (6⁻16 years) participating in the population-based SOPHYA-study. Accelerometers were used to assess SBT, the perceived environment was examined by a validated parental questionnaire, and objective environmental data were allocated using GIS (ArcMap 10.2, Esri, Redlands, CA, USA) for each family\&rsquo;s residential address. A high perceived safety was associated with less SBT. Boys, those whose residential neighbourhood was characterized by dead ends in urban areas, a low main street density in the neighbourhood of children and greenness were less likely to exhibit SBT. The association of the objective environment with the respective parental perceptions was low and no significant mediating effect was found for the perceived environment. We conclude for land-use planning to reduce sedentary behaviour objective environments should be complemented with efforts to increase parental sense of security.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {5},
	journal = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health},
	author = {Bringolf-Isler, Bettina and de Hoogh, Kees and Schindler, Christian and Kayser, Bengt and Suggs, L. Suzanne and Dössegger, Alain and Probst-Hensch, Nicole and {SOPHYA Study Group}},
	year = {2018},
	pmid = {29734712},
	pmcid = {PMC5981957},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Child, Child Behavior, Cross-Sectional Studies, Environment Design, Exercise, Female, GIS, Health Behavior, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Recreation, Residence Characteristics, Sedentary Behavior, Surveys and Questionnaires, Switzerland, accelerometer, adolescents, children, home environment, neighbourhood, objective environment, perceived environment, public health, sedentary behaviour, social environment, urbanicity, walkability},
}
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In order to keep using Mendeley with BibBase past April\n        14th, you need to:\n        <ol>\n          <li>renew the authorization for BibBase on Mendeley, and</li>\n          <li>update the BibBase URL\n            in your page the same way you did when you initially set up\n            this page.\n          </li>\n        </ol>\n      </p>\n\n      <p>\n        <a href=\"http://bibbase.org/cgi-bin/mendeley2/get.py\">\n          <i class=\"fa fa-angle-double-right\"></i>\n          Fix it now</a>\n      </p>\n    </div>\n\n  </div>\n\n\n  <div id=\"bibbase_body\">\n    \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_2019\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_2019')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_2019')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>2019</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (2)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"lanza-stone-haardrfer-stone-howraceethnicityandincomemoderatetherelationshipbetweenurbanvegetationandphysicalactivityintheunitedstates-2019\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  How race, ethnicity, and income moderate the relationship between urban vegetation and physical activity in the United States.\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Lanza, K.; Stone, B.; Haardörfer, R.;  and Stone, B. J.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>Preventive Medicine</i>, 121: 55–61. April 2019.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.01.022\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('lanza-stone-haardrfer-stone-howraceethnicityandincomemoderatetherelationshipbetweenurbanvegetationandphysicalactivityintheunitedstates-2019', 'http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.01.022', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/lanza-stone-haardrfer-stone-howraceethnicityandincomemoderatetherelationshipbetweenurbanvegetationandphysicalactivityintheunitedstates-2019\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('lanza-stone-haardrfer-stone-howraceethnicityandincomemoderatetherelationshipbetweenurbanvegetationandphysicalactivityintheunitedstates-2019')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{lanza_how_2019,\n\ttitle = {How race, ethnicity, and income moderate the relationship between urban vegetation and physical activity in the {United} {States}},\n\tvolume = {121},\n\tissn = {0091-7435},\n\tdoi = {10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.01.022},\n\tabstract = {To facilitate physical activity interventions, researchers identify which factors associate with physical activity, such as vegetation levels of the surrounding environment. While most studies examining vegetation and physical activity find a positive correlation, the literature does not investigate how vegetation may have a varied effect on physical activity based on demographic composition. This study examined how race, ethnicity, and income moderate the relationship between both non-tree vegetation and tree canopy on the percentage of individuals participating in leisure-time physical activity per census tract. Physical activity data from 2013 to 2014 for 7842 census tracts across 25 US cities originated from the CDC&#x27;s 500 Cities project. Aerial images from the USDA&#x27;s National Agriculture Imagery Program were used to classify vegetation levels per tract. Demographic variables originated from the American Community Survey 2011-2015 5-year estimates. Tracts were stratified into four types (Black + low income, Hispanic + low income, White + high income, and remaining) and assessed through multilevel modeling as to whether tract type moderated the relationship between vegetation and physical activity. Results showed that non-tree vegetation negatively associated with physical activity across all census tract types, while tree canopy exhibited a mixed association with physical activity, based on tract type. These findings can spur further research into how vegetation impacts physical activity of different demographic groups, and potentially inform greenspace and tree planting installments in those areas at greatest risk for physical inactivity-related diseases.},\n\tjournal = {Preventive Medicine},\n\tauthor = {Lanza, Kevin and Stone, Brian and Haardörfer, Regine and Stone, Brian Jr},\n\tmonth = apr,\n\tyear = {2019},\n\tpages = {55--61},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  To facilitate physical activity interventions, researchers identify which factors associate with physical activity, such as vegetation levels of the surrounding environment. While most studies examining vegetation and physical activity find a positive correlation, the literature does not investigate how vegetation may have a varied effect on physical activity based on demographic composition. This study examined how race, ethnicity, and income moderate the relationship between both non-tree vegetation and tree canopy on the percentage of individuals participating in leisure-time physical activity per census tract. Physical activity data from 2013 to 2014 for 7842 census tracts across 25 US cities originated from the CDC's 500 Cities project. Aerial images from the USDA's National Agriculture Imagery Program were used to classify vegetation levels per tract. Demographic variables originated from the American Community Survey 2011-2015 5-year estimates. Tracts were stratified into four types (Black + low income, Hispanic + low income, White + high income, and remaining) and assessed through multilevel modeling as to whether tract type moderated the relationship between vegetation and physical activity. Results showed that non-tree vegetation negatively associated with physical activity across all census tract types, while tree canopy exhibited a mixed association with physical activity, based on tract type. These findings can spur further research into how vegetation impacts physical activity of different demographic groups, and potentially inform greenspace and tree planting installments in those areas at greatest risk for physical inactivity-related diseases.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"oluyomi-knell-durand-mercader-salvo-sener-gabriel-hoelscher-etal-footbasedauditofstreetsadjacenttonewlightrailstationsinhoustontexasmeasurementofhealthrelatedcharacteristicsofthebuiltenvironmentforphysicalactivityresearch-2019\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  Foot-based audit of streets adjacent to new light rail stations in Houston, Texas: measurement of health-related characteristics of the built environment for physical activity research.\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Oluyomi, A. O.; Knell, G.; Durand, C. P.; Mercader, C.; Salvo, D.; Sener, I. N.; Gabriel, K. P.; Hoelscher, D. M.;  and Kohl, H. W.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>BMC public health</i>, 19(1): 238. February 2019.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-6560-4\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('oluyomi-knell-durand-mercader-salvo-sener-gabriel-hoelscher-etal-footbasedauditofstreetsadjacenttonewlightrailstationsinhoustontexasmeasurementofhealthrelatedcharacteristicsofthebuiltenvironmentforphysicalactivityresearch-2019', 'http://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-6560-4', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/oluyomi-knell-durand-mercader-salvo-sener-gabriel-hoelscher-etal-footbasedauditofstreetsadjacenttonewlightrailstationsinhoustontexasmeasurementofhealthrelatedcharacteristicsofthebuiltenvironmentforphysicalactivityresearch-2019\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('oluyomi-knell-durand-mercader-salvo-sener-gabriel-hoelscher-etal-footbasedauditofstreetsadjacenttonewlightrailstationsinhoustontexasmeasurementofhealthrelatedcharacteristicsofthebuiltenvironmentforphysicalactivityresearch-2019')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{oluyomi_foot-based_2019,\n\ttitle = {Foot-based audit of streets adjacent to new light rail stations in {Houston}, {Texas}: measurement of health-related characteristics of the built environment for physical activity research},\n\tvolume = {19},\n\tissn = {1471-2458},\n\tshorttitle = {Foot-based audit of streets adjacent to new light rail stations in {Houston}, {Texas}},\n\tdoi = {10.1186/s12889-019-6560-4},\n\tabstract = {BACKGROUND: Active travel to and from a transit station may provide significant amounts of physical activity and improve health. The ease with which people can traverse the distance to the transit station may impede or support active travel. Therefore, transit stations that have features that are supportive of utilitarian physical activity would be desirable. This study aimed to characterize the built environment surrounding new light rail transit (LRT) stations in the City of Houston, Texas.\nMETHODS: In 2014, we used a series of systematic protocols and a standardized environmental audit instrument, the Analytic Audit Tool, to collect data on segments (streets) that surround 22 LRT stations that were being newly built. Using Geographic Information System (GIS), we assembled all the segments that intersect a 0.25-mile circular buffer around each station for the audit exercise. Several 3- to 4-member teams of trained auditors completed the audit exercise on a subset of these identified segments. Our analysis were descriptive in nature. We provided the frequency distributions of audited features across the study area. We also followed an original algorithm to produce several composite index scores for our study area. The composite index score is indicative of the prevalence of physical activity friendly/unfriendly features in the study area.\nRESULTS: In all, we audited a total of 590 segments covering a total of 218 US Census blocks, and eight City of Houston super neighborhoods. Findings suggest the environment around the new LRT stations may not be supportive of physical activity. In general, the audited segments lacked land use integration; had abandoned buildings, had uneven sidewalks; were not bike-friendly, had minimal presence of public-recreational facilities that would support physical activity; and had significant physical disorder. Notably, certain attractive and comfort features were frequently to usually available.\nCONCLUSIONS: Current findings, which will be compared to follow-up audit data, can be useful for future researchers and practitioners interested in the built environment around LRT stations.},\n\tlanguage = {eng},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\tjournal = {BMC public health},\n\tauthor = {Oluyomi, Abiodun O. and Knell, Gregory and Durand, Casey P. and Mercader, Clara and Salvo, Deborah and Sener, Ipek N. and Gabriel, Kelley Pettee and Hoelscher, Deanna M. and Kohl, Harold W.},\n\tmonth = feb,\n\tyear = {2019},\n\tpmid = {30819121},\n\tpmcid = {PMC6393971},\n\tkeywords = {Active commute, Built environment, Environmental audit, Physical activity, Urban health},\n\tpages = {238},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  BACKGROUND: Active travel to and from a transit station may provide significant amounts of physical activity and improve health. The ease with which people can traverse the distance to the transit station may impede or support active travel. Therefore, transit stations that have features that are supportive of utilitarian physical activity would be desirable. This study aimed to characterize the built environment surrounding new light rail transit (LRT) stations in the City of Houston, Texas. METHODS: In 2014, we used a series of systematic protocols and a standardized environmental audit instrument, the Analytic Audit Tool, to collect data on segments (streets) that surround 22 LRT stations that were being newly built. Using Geographic Information System (GIS), we assembled all the segments that intersect a 0.25-mile circular buffer around each station for the audit exercise. Several 3- to 4-member teams of trained auditors completed the audit exercise on a subset of these identified segments. Our analysis were descriptive in nature. We provided the frequency distributions of audited features across the study area. We also followed an original algorithm to produce several composite index scores for our study area. The composite index score is indicative of the prevalence of physical activity friendly/unfriendly features in the study area. RESULTS: In all, we audited a total of 590 segments covering a total of 218 US Census blocks, and eight City of Houston super neighborhoods. Findings suggest the environment around the new LRT stations may not be supportive of physical activity. In general, the audited segments lacked land use integration; had abandoned buildings, had uneven sidewalks; were not bike-friendly, had minimal presence of public-recreational facilities that would support physical activity; and had significant physical disorder. Notably, certain attractive and comfort features were frequently to usually available. CONCLUSIONS: Current findings, which will be compared to follow-up audit data, can be useful for future researchers and practitioners interested in the built environment around LRT stations.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_2018\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_2018')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_2018')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>2018</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (6)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"ribeiro-hoffimann-developmentofaneighbourhoodwalkabilityindexforportometropolitanareahowstronglyiswalkabilityassociatedwithwalkingfortransport-2018\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  Development of a Neighbourhood Walkability Index for Porto Metropolitan Area. How Strongly Is Walkability Associated with Walking for Transport?.\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Ribeiro, A. I.;  and Hoffimann, E.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health</i>, 15(12).  2018.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15122767\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('ribeiro-hoffimann-developmentofaneighbourhoodwalkabilityindexforportometropolitanareahowstronglyiswalkabilityassociatedwithwalkingfortransport-2018', 'http://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15122767', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/ribeiro-hoffimann-developmentofaneighbourhoodwalkabilityindexforportometropolitanareahowstronglyiswalkabilityassociatedwithwalkingfortransport-2018\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('ribeiro-hoffimann-developmentofaneighbourhoodwalkabilityindexforportometropolitanareahowstronglyiswalkabilityassociatedwithwalkingfortransport-2018')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{ribeiro_development_2018,\n\ttitle = {Development of a {Neighbourhood} {Walkability} {Index} for {Porto} {Metropolitan} {Area}. {How} {Strongly} {Is} {Walkability} {Associated} with {Walking} for {Transport}?},\n\tvolume = {15},\n\tissn = {1660-4601},\n\tdoi = {10.3390/ijerph15122767},\n\tabstract = {The creation of walkable communities constitutes a cost-effective health promotion strategy, as walking is an accessible and free intervention for increasing physical activity and health. In this cross-sectional ecological study, we developed a walkability index for the Porto Metropolitan Area and we validated it by assessing its association with walking for transportation. Neighborhood walkability was measured using a geographic information system and resulted from the weighted sum of residential density, street connectivity, and a destination-based entropy index. The index was categorized into quintiles of increasing walkability. Among the 1,112,555 individuals living in the study area, 28.1\\% resided in neighborhoods in the upper quintile of walkability and 15.8\\% resided in the least walkable neighborhoods. Adjusted regression models revealed that individuals residing in the most walkable neighborhoods are 81\\% more likely to report walking for transportation, compared with those from the least walkable neighborhoods (odds ratio: 1.81; 95\\% confidence intervals: 1.76⁻1.87). These results suggest that community design strategies to improve walkability may promote walking behavior.},\n\tlanguage = {eng},\n\tnumber = {12},\n\tjournal = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health},\n\tauthor = {Ribeiro, Ana Isabel and Hoffimann, Elaine},\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tpmid = {30563290},\n\tkeywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Environment Design, Female, Geographic Information Systems, Health Promotion, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Portugal, Residence Characteristics, Transportation, Urban Population, Walking, Young Adult, built environment, health promotion, physical activity, urban form, urban health, walking},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  The creation of walkable communities constitutes a cost-effective health promotion strategy, as walking is an accessible and free intervention for increasing physical activity and health. In this cross-sectional ecological study, we developed a walkability index for the Porto Metropolitan Area and we validated it by assessing its association with walking for transportation. Neighborhood walkability was measured using a geographic information system and resulted from the weighted sum of residential density, street connectivity, and a destination-based entropy index. The index was categorized into quintiles of increasing walkability. Among the 1,112,555 individuals living in the study area, 28.1% resided in neighborhoods in the upper quintile of walkability and 15.8% resided in the least walkable neighborhoods. Adjusted regression models revealed that individuals residing in the most walkable neighborhoods are 81% more likely to report walking for transportation, compared with those from the least walkable neighborhoods (odds ratio: 1.81; 95% confidence intervals: 1.76⁻1.87). These results suggest that community design strategies to improve walkability may promote walking behavior.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"ding-jia-gebel-mobilebicyclesharingthesocialtrendthatcouldchangehowwemove-2018\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  Mobile bicycle sharing: the social trend that could change how we move.\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Ding, D.; Jia, Y.;  and Gebel, K.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>The Lancet. Public Health</i>, 3(5): e215.  2018.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(18)30066-5\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('ding-jia-gebel-mobilebicyclesharingthesocialtrendthatcouldchangehowwemove-2018', 'http://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(18)30066-5', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/ding-jia-gebel-mobilebicyclesharingthesocialtrendthatcouldchangehowwemove-2018\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('ding-jia-gebel-mobilebicyclesharingthesocialtrendthatcouldchangehowwemove-2018')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{ding_mobile_2018,\n\ttitle = {Mobile bicycle sharing: the social trend that could change how we move},\n\tvolume = {3},\n\tissn = {2468-2667},\n\tshorttitle = {Mobile bicycle sharing},\n\tdoi = {10.1016/S2468-2667(18)30066-5},\n\tlanguage = {eng},\n\tnumber = {5},\n\tjournal = {The Lancet. Public Health},\n\tauthor = {Ding, Ding and Jia, Yingnan and Gebel, Klaus},\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tpmid = {29678559},\n\tkeywords = {Bicycling, China, Cities, Global Health, Humans, Social Change, Transportation},\n\tpages = {e215},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"zguira-rivano-meddeb-internetofbikesadtnprotocolwithdataaggregationforurbandatacollection-2018\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  Internet of Bikes: A DTN Protocol with Data Aggregation for Urban Data Collection.\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Zguira, Y.; Rivano, H.;  and Meddeb, A.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)</i>, 18(9). August 2018.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.3390/s18092819\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('zguira-rivano-meddeb-internetofbikesadtnprotocolwithdataaggregationforurbandatacollection-2018', 'http://doi.org/10.3390/s18092819', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/zguira-rivano-meddeb-internetofbikesadtnprotocolwithdataaggregationforurbandatacollection-2018\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('zguira-rivano-meddeb-internetofbikesadtnprotocolwithdataaggregationforurbandatacollection-2018')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{zguira_internet_2018,\n\ttitle = {Internet of {Bikes}: {A} {DTN} {Protocol} with {Data} {Aggregation} for {Urban} {Data} {Collection}},\n\tvolume = {18},\n\tissn = {1424-8220},\n\tshorttitle = {Internet of {Bikes}},\n\tdoi = {10.3390/s18092819},\n\tabstract = {Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) are an essential part of the global world. They play a substantial role for facing many issues such as traffic jams, high accident rates, unhealthy lifestyles, air pollution, etc. Public bike sharing system is one part of ITS and can be used to collect data from mobiles devices. In this paper, we propose an efficient, &quot;Internet of Bikes&quot;, IoB-DTN routing protocol based on data aggregation which applies the Delay Tolerant Network (DTN) paradigm to Internet of Things (IoT) applications running data collection on urban bike sharing system based sensor network. We propose and evaluate three variants of IoB-DTN: IoB based on spatial aggregation (IoB-SA), IoB based on temporal aggregation (IoB-TA) and IoB based on spatiotemporal aggregation (IoB-STA). The simulation results show that the three variants offer the best performances regarding several metrics, comparing to IoB-DTN without aggregation and the low-power long-range technology, LoRa type. In an urban application, the choice of the type of which variant of IoB should be used depends on the sensed values.},\n\tlanguage = {eng},\n\tnumber = {9},\n\tjournal = {Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)},\n\tauthor = {Zguira, Yosra and Rivano, Hervé and Meddeb, Aref},\n\tmonth = aug,\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tpmid = {30150525},\n\tpmcid = {PMC6163721},\n\tkeywords = {LoRa/LoRaWAN, data aggregation, data collection, delay tolerant networks, internet of bikes, internet of things, low-power long-range technology, smart cities, wireless sensor networks},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) are an essential part of the global world. They play a substantial role for facing many issues such as traffic jams, high accident rates, unhealthy lifestyles, air pollution, etc. Public bike sharing system is one part of ITS and can be used to collect data from mobiles devices. In this paper, we propose an efficient, \"Internet of Bikes\", IoB-DTN routing protocol based on data aggregation which applies the Delay Tolerant Network (DTN) paradigm to Internet of Things (IoT) applications running data collection on urban bike sharing system based sensor network. We propose and evaluate three variants of IoB-DTN: IoB based on spatial aggregation (IoB-SA), IoB based on temporal aggregation (IoB-TA) and IoB based on spatiotemporal aggregation (IoB-STA). The simulation results show that the three variants offer the best performances regarding several metrics, comparing to IoB-DTN without aggregation and the low-power long-range technology, LoRa type. In an urban application, the choice of the type of which variant of IoB should be used depends on the sensed values.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"ding-nguyen-learnihan-bauman-davey-jalaludin-gebel-movingtoanactivelifestyleasystematicreviewoftheeffectsofresidentialrelocationonwalkingphysicalactivityandtravelbehaviour-2018\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  Moving to an active lifestyle? A systematic review of the effects of residential relocation on walking, physical activity and travel behaviour.\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Ding, D.; Nguyen, B.; Learnihan, V.; Bauman, A. E.; Davey, R.; Jalaludin, B.;  and Gebel, K.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>British Journal of Sports Medicine</i>, 52(12): 789–799. June 2018.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2017-098833\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('ding-nguyen-learnihan-bauman-davey-jalaludin-gebel-movingtoanactivelifestyleasystematicreviewoftheeffectsofresidentialrelocationonwalkingphysicalactivityandtravelbehaviour-2018', 'http://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2017-098833', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/ding-nguyen-learnihan-bauman-davey-jalaludin-gebel-movingtoanactivelifestyleasystematicreviewoftheeffectsofresidentialrelocationonwalkingphysicalactivityandtravelbehaviour-2018\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('ding-nguyen-learnihan-bauman-davey-jalaludin-gebel-movingtoanactivelifestyleasystematicreviewoftheeffectsofresidentialrelocationonwalkingphysicalactivityandtravelbehaviour-2018')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{ding_moving_2018,\n\ttitle = {Moving to an active lifestyle? {A} systematic review of the effects of residential relocation on walking, physical activity and travel behaviour},\n\tvolume = {52},\n\tissn = {1473-0480},\n\tshorttitle = {Moving to an active lifestyle?},\n\tdoi = {10.1136/bjsports-2017-098833},\n\tabstract = {OBJECTIVE: To synthesise the literature on the effects of neighbourhood environmental change through residential relocation on physical activity, walking and travel behaviour.\nDESIGN: Systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines (PROSPERO registration number CRD42017077681).\nDATA SOURCES: Electronic databases for peer-reviewed and grey literature were systematically searched to March 2017, followed by forward and backward citation tracking.\nELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: A study was eligible for inclusion if it (1) measured changes in neighbourhood built environment attributes as a result of residential relocation (either prospectively or retrospectively); (2) included a measure of physical activity, walking, cycling or travel modal change as an outcome; (3) was quantitative and (4) included an English abstract or summary.\nRESULTS: A total of 23 studies was included in the review. Among the eight retrospective longitudinal studies, there was good evidence for the relationship between relocation and walking (consistency score (CS){\\textgreater}90\\%). For the 15 prospective longitudinal studies, the evidence for the effects of environmental change/relocation on physical activity or walking was weak to moderate (CS mostly {\\textless}45\\%), even weaker for effects on other outcomes, including physical activity, cycling, public transport use and driving. Results from risk of bias analyses support the robustness of the findings.\nCONCLUSION: The results are encouraging for the retrospective longitudinal relocation studies, but weaker evidence exists for the methodologically stronger prospective longitudinal relocation studies. The evidence base is currently limited, and continued longitudinal research should extend the plethora of cross-sectional studies to build higher-quality evidence.},\n\tlanguage = {eng},\n\tnumber = {12},\n\tjournal = {British Journal of Sports Medicine},\n\tauthor = {Ding, Ding and Nguyen, Binh and Learnihan, Vincent and Bauman, Adrian E. and Davey, Rachel and Jalaludin, Bin and Gebel, Klaus},\n\tmonth = jun,\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tpmid = {29858466},\n\tkeywords = {Automobile Driving, Bicycling, Exercise, Humans, Life Style, Residence Characteristics, Transportation, Travel, Walking, community, epidemiology, evaluation, physical activity, walking},\n\tpages = {789--799},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  OBJECTIVE: To synthesise the literature on the effects of neighbourhood environmental change through residential relocation on physical activity, walking and travel behaviour. DESIGN: Systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines (PROSPERO registration number CRD42017077681). DATA SOURCES: Electronic databases for peer-reviewed and grey literature were systematically searched to March 2017, followed by forward and backward citation tracking. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: A study was eligible for inclusion if it (1) measured changes in neighbourhood built environment attributes as a result of residential relocation (either prospectively or retrospectively); (2) included a measure of physical activity, walking, cycling or travel modal change as an outcome; (3) was quantitative and (4) included an English abstract or summary. RESULTS: A total of 23 studies was included in the review. Among the eight retrospective longitudinal studies, there was good evidence for the relationship between relocation and walking (consistency score (CS)\\textgreater90%). For the 15 prospective longitudinal studies, the evidence for the effects of environmental change/relocation on physical activity or walking was weak to moderate (CS mostly \\textless45%), even weaker for effects on other outcomes, including physical activity, cycling, public transport use and driving. Results from risk of bias analyses support the robustness of the findings. CONCLUSION: The results are encouraging for the retrospective longitudinal relocation studies, but weaker evidence exists for the methodologically stronger prospective longitudinal relocation studies. The evidence base is currently limited, and continued longitudinal research should extend the plethora of cross-sectional studies to build higher-quality evidence.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"aziz-nagle-morton-hilliard-white-stewart-exploringtheimpactofwalkbikeinfrastructuresafetyperceptionandbuiltenvironmentonactivetransportationmodechoicearandomparametermodelusingnewyorkcitycommuterdata-2018\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-017-9760-8\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'aziz-nagle-morton-hilliard-white-stewart-exploringtheimpactofwalkbikeinfrastructuresafetyperceptionandbuiltenvironmentonactivetransportationmodechoicearandomparametermodelusingnewyorkcitycommuterdata-2018', 'https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-017-9760-8', event);\">\n    Exploring the impact of walk–bike infrastructure, safety perception, and built-environment on active transportation mode choice: a random parameter model using New York City commuter data.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Aziz, H. M. A.; Nagle, N. N.; Morton, A. M.; Hilliard, M. R.; White, D. A.;  and Stewart, R. N.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>Transportation</i>, 45(5): 1207–1229. September 2018.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-017-9760-8\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('aziz-nagle-morton-hilliard-white-stewart-exploringtheimpactofwalkbikeinfrastructuresafetyperceptionandbuiltenvironmentonactivetransportationmodechoicearandomparametermodelusingnewyorkcitycommuterdata-2018', 'https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-017-9760-8', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"Exploring the impact of walk–bike infrastructure, safety perception, and built-environment on active transportation mode choice: a random parameter model using New York City commuter data [link]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-017-9760-8\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('aziz-nagle-morton-hilliard-white-stewart-exploringtheimpactofwalkbikeinfrastructuresafetyperceptionandbuiltenvironmentonactivetransportationmodechoicearandomparametermodelusingnewyorkcitycommuterdata-2018', 'http://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-017-9760-8', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/aziz-nagle-morton-hilliard-white-stewart-exploringtheimpactofwalkbikeinfrastructuresafetyperceptionandbuiltenvironmentonactivetransportationmodechoicearandomparametermodelusingnewyorkcitycommuterdata-2018\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('aziz-nagle-morton-hilliard-white-stewart-exploringtheimpactofwalkbikeinfrastructuresafetyperceptionandbuiltenvironmentonactivetransportationmodechoicearandomparametermodelusingnewyorkcitycommuterdata-2018')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{aziz_exploring_2018,\n\ttitle = {Exploring the impact of walk–bike infrastructure, safety perception, and built-environment on active transportation mode choice: a random parameter model using {New} {York} {City} commuter data},\n\tvolume = {45},\n\tissn = {1572-9435},\n\tshorttitle = {Exploring the impact of walk–bike infrastructure, safety perception, and built-environment on active transportation mode choice},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-017-9760-8},\n\tdoi = {10.1007/s11116-017-9760-8},\n\tabstract = {This study estimates a random parameter (mixed) logit model for active transportation (walk and bicycle) choices for work trips in the New York City (using 2010–2011 Regional Household Travel Survey Data). We explored the effects of traffic safety, walk–bike network facilities, and land use attributes on walk and bicycle mode choice decision in the New York City for home-to-work commute. Applying the flexible econometric structure of random parameter models, we capture the heterogeneity in the decision making process and simulate scenarios considering improvement in walk–bike infrastructure such as sidewalk width and length of bike lane. Our results indicate that increasing sidewalk width, total length of bike lane, and proportion of protected bike lane will increase the likelihood of more people taking active transportation mode This suggests that the local authorities and planning agencies to invest more on building and maintaining the infrastructure for pedestrians. Further, improvement in traffic safety by reducing traffic crashes involving pedestrians and bicyclists, will increase the likelihood of taking active transportation modes. Our results also show positive correlation between number of non-motorized trips by the other family members and the likelihood to choose active transportation mode. The model would be an essential tool to estimate the impact of improving traffic safety and walk–bike infrastructure which will assist in investment decision making.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {5},\n\turldate = {2019-02-26},\n\tjournal = {Transportation},\n\tauthor = {Aziz, H. M. Abdul and Nagle, Nicholas N. and Morton, April M. and Hilliard, Michael R. and White, Devin A. and Stewart, Robert N.},\n\tmonth = sep,\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {Active transportation, Bicycling, New York City, Random parameter model, Travel behavior, Walking},\n\tpages = {1207--1229},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  This study estimates a random parameter (mixed) logit model for active transportation (walk and bicycle) choices for work trips in the New York City (using 2010–2011 Regional Household Travel Survey Data). We explored the effects of traffic safety, walk–bike network facilities, and land use attributes on walk and bicycle mode choice decision in the New York City for home-to-work commute. Applying the flexible econometric structure of random parameter models, we capture the heterogeneity in the decision making process and simulate scenarios considering improvement in walk–bike infrastructure such as sidewalk width and length of bike lane. Our results indicate that increasing sidewalk width, total length of bike lane, and proportion of protected bike lane will increase the likelihood of more people taking active transportation mode This suggests that the local authorities and planning agencies to invest more on building and maintaining the infrastructure for pedestrians. Further, improvement in traffic safety by reducing traffic crashes involving pedestrians and bicyclists, will increase the likelihood of taking active transportation modes. Our results also show positive correlation between number of non-motorized trips by the other family members and the likelihood to choose active transportation mode. The model would be an essential tool to estimate the impact of improving traffic safety and walk–bike infrastructure which will assist in investment decision making.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"bringolfisler-dehoogh-schindler-kayser-suggs-dssegger-probsthensch-sophyastudygroup-sedentarybehaviourinswisschildrenandadolescentsdisentanglingassociationswiththeperceivedandobjectivelymeasuredenvironment-2018\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  Sedentary Behaviour in Swiss Children and Adolescents: Disentangling Associations with the Perceived and Objectively Measured Environment.\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Bringolf-Isler, B.; de Hoogh, K.; Schindler, C.; Kayser, B.; Suggs, L. S.; Dössegger, A.; Probst-Hensch, N.;  and SOPHYA Study Group\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health</i>, 15(5).  2018.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15050918\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('bringolfisler-dehoogh-schindler-kayser-suggs-dssegger-probsthensch-sophyastudygroup-sedentarybehaviourinswisschildrenandadolescentsdisentanglingassociationswiththeperceivedandobjectivelymeasuredenvironment-2018', 'http://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15050918', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/bringolfisler-dehoogh-schindler-kayser-suggs-dssegger-probsthensch-sophyastudygroup-sedentarybehaviourinswisschildrenandadolescentsdisentanglingassociationswiththeperceivedandobjectivelymeasuredenvironment-2018\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('bringolfisler-dehoogh-schindler-kayser-suggs-dssegger-probsthensch-sophyastudygroup-sedentarybehaviourinswisschildrenandadolescentsdisentanglingassociationswiththeperceivedandobjectivelymeasuredenvironment-2018')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{bringolf-isler_sedentary_2018,\n\ttitle = {Sedentary {Behaviour} in {Swiss} {Children} and {Adolescents}: {Disentangling} {Associations} with the {Perceived} and {Objectively} {Measured} {Environment}},\n\tvolume = {15},\n\tissn = {1660-4601},\n\tshorttitle = {Sedentary {Behaviour} in {Swiss} {Children} and {Adolescents}},\n\tdoi = {10.3390/ijerph15050918},\n\tabstract = {Identifying correlates of sedentary behaviour across all levels of the ecological model and understanding their interrelations is a promising method to plan effective interventions. The present study examined whether the objectively assessed and the perceived neighbourhood are associated with children\\&amp;rsquo;s sedentary behaviour time (SBT). A comprehensive set of factors at different levels of influence across the ecological model were taken into account and analysed for mediating and modifying effects. Analyses were based on 1306 children and adolescents (6⁻16 years) participating in the population-based SOPHYA-study. Accelerometers were used to assess SBT, the perceived environment was examined by a validated parental questionnaire, and objective environmental data were allocated using GIS (ArcMap 10.2, Esri, Redlands, CA, USA) for each family\\&amp;rsquo;s residential address. A high perceived safety was associated with less SBT. Boys, those whose residential neighbourhood was characterized by dead ends in urban areas, a low main street density in the neighbourhood of children and greenness were less likely to exhibit SBT. The association of the objective environment with the respective parental perceptions was low and no significant mediating effect was found for the perceived environment. We conclude for land-use planning to reduce sedentary behaviour objective environments should be complemented with efforts to increase parental sense of security.},\n\tlanguage = {eng},\n\tnumber = {5},\n\tjournal = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health},\n\tauthor = {Bringolf-Isler, Bettina and de Hoogh, Kees and Schindler, Christian and Kayser, Bengt and Suggs, L. Suzanne and Dössegger, Alain and Probst-Hensch, Nicole and {SOPHYA Study Group}},\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tpmid = {29734712},\n\tpmcid = {PMC5981957},\n\tkeywords = {Adolescent, Child, Child Behavior, Cross-Sectional Studies, Environment Design, Exercise, Female, GIS, Health Behavior, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Recreation, Residence Characteristics, Sedentary Behavior, Surveys and Questionnaires, Switzerland, accelerometer, adolescents, children, home environment, neighbourhood, objective environment, perceived environment, public health, sedentary behaviour, social environment, urbanicity, walkability},\n}\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  Identifying correlates of sedentary behaviour across all levels of the ecological model and understanding their interrelations is a promising method to plan effective interventions. The present study examined whether the objectively assessed and the perceived neighbourhood are associated with children&rsquo;s sedentary behaviour time (SBT). A comprehensive set of factors at different levels of influence across the ecological model were taken into account and analysed for mediating and modifying effects. Analyses were based on 1306 children and adolescents (6⁻16 years) participating in the population-based SOPHYA-study. Accelerometers were used to assess SBT, the perceived environment was examined by a validated parental questionnaire, and objective environmental data were allocated using GIS (ArcMap 10.2, Esri, Redlands, CA, USA) for each family&rsquo;s residential address. A high perceived safety was associated with less SBT. Boys, those whose residential neighbourhood was characterized by dead ends in urban areas, a low main street density in the neighbourhood of children and greenness were less likely to exhibit SBT. The association of the objective environment with the respective parental perceptions was low and no significant mediating effect was found for the perceived environment. We conclude for land-use planning to reduce sedentary behaviour objective environments should be complemented with efforts to increase parental sense of security.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_2017\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_2017')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_2017')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>2017</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (6)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"smith-hosking-woodward-witten-macmillan-field-baas-mackie-systematicliteraturereviewofbuiltenvironmenteffectsonphysicalactivityandactivetransportanupdateandnewfindingsonhealthequity-2017\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  Systematic literature review of built environment effects on physical activity and active transport - an update and new findings on health equity.\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Smith, M.; Hosking, J.; Woodward, A.; Witten, K.; MacMillan, A.; Field, A.; Baas, P.;  and Mackie, H.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>The International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity</i>, 14(1): 158.  2017.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-017-0613-9\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('smith-hosking-woodward-witten-macmillan-field-baas-mackie-systematicliteraturereviewofbuiltenvironmenteffectsonphysicalactivityandactivetransportanupdateandnewfindingsonhealthequity-2017', 'http://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-017-0613-9', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/smith-hosking-woodward-witten-macmillan-field-baas-mackie-systematicliteraturereviewofbuiltenvironmenteffectsonphysicalactivityandactivetransportanupdateandnewfindingsonhealthequity-2017\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('smith-hosking-woodward-witten-macmillan-field-baas-mackie-systematicliteraturereviewofbuiltenvironmenteffectsonphysicalactivityandactivetransportanupdateandnewfindingsonhealthequity-2017')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{smith_systematic_2017,\n\ttitle = {Systematic literature review of built environment effects on physical activity and active transport - an update and new findings on health equity},\n\tvolume = {14},\n\tissn = {1479-5868},\n\tdoi = {10.1186/s12966-017-0613-9},\n\tabstract = {BACKGROUND: Evidence is mounting to suggest a causal relationship between the built environment and people&#x27;s physical activity behaviours, particularly active transport. The evidence base has been hindered to date by restricted consideration of cost and economic factors associated with built environment interventions, investigation of socioeconomic or ethnic differences in intervention effects, and an inability to isolate the effect of the built environment from other intervention types. The aims of this systematic review were to identify which environmental interventions increase physical activity in residents at the local level, and to build on the evidence base by considering intervention cost, and the differential effects of interventions by ethnicity and socioeconomic status.\nMETHODS: A systematic database search was conducted in June 2015. Articles were eligible if they reported a quantitative empirical study (natural experiment or a prospective, retrospective, experimental, or longitudinal research) investigating the relationship between objectively measured built environment feature(s) and physical activity and/or travel behaviours in children or adults. Quality assessment was conducted and data on intervention cost and whether the effect of the built environment differed by ethnicity or socioeconomic status were extracted.\nRESULTS: Twenty-eight studies were included in the review. Findings showed a positive effect of walkability components, provision of quality parks and playgrounds, and installation of or improvements in active transport infrastructure on active transport, physical activity, and visits or use of settings. There was some indication that infrastructure improvements may predominantly benefit socioeconomically advantaged groups. Studies were commonly limited by selection bias and insufficient controlling for confounders. Heterogeneity in study design and reporting limited comparability across studies or any clear conclusions to be made regarding intervention cost.\nCONCLUSIONS: Improving neighbourhood walkability, quality of parks and playgrounds, and providing adequate active transport infrastructure is likely to generate positive impacts on activity in children and adults. The possibility that the benefits of infrastructure improvements may be inequitably distributed requires further investigation. Opportunities to improve the quality of evidence exist, including strategies to improve response rates and representativeness, use of valid and reliable measurement tools, cost-benefit analyses, and adequate controlling for confounders.},\n\tlanguage = {eng},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\tjournal = {The International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity},\n\tauthor = {Smith, Melody and Hosking, Jamie and Woodward, Alistair and Witten, Karen and MacMillan, Alexandra and Field, Adrian and Baas, Peter and Mackie, Hamish},\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tpmid = {29145884},\n\tpmcid = {PMC5693449},\n\tkeywords = {Bicycling, Causation, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Cycling, Environment Design, Exercise, Health Equity, Health equality, Humans, Playgrounds, Residence Characteristics, Socioeconomic Factors, Transportation, Urban form, Walkability, Walking},\n\tpages = {158},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  BACKGROUND: Evidence is mounting to suggest a causal relationship between the built environment and people's physical activity behaviours, particularly active transport. The evidence base has been hindered to date by restricted consideration of cost and economic factors associated with built environment interventions, investigation of socioeconomic or ethnic differences in intervention effects, and an inability to isolate the effect of the built environment from other intervention types. The aims of this systematic review were to identify which environmental interventions increase physical activity in residents at the local level, and to build on the evidence base by considering intervention cost, and the differential effects of interventions by ethnicity and socioeconomic status. METHODS: A systematic database search was conducted in June 2015. Articles were eligible if they reported a quantitative empirical study (natural experiment or a prospective, retrospective, experimental, or longitudinal research) investigating the relationship between objectively measured built environment feature(s) and physical activity and/or travel behaviours in children or adults. Quality assessment was conducted and data on intervention cost and whether the effect of the built environment differed by ethnicity or socioeconomic status were extracted. RESULTS: Twenty-eight studies were included in the review. Findings showed a positive effect of walkability components, provision of quality parks and playgrounds, and installation of or improvements in active transport infrastructure on active transport, physical activity, and visits or use of settings. There was some indication that infrastructure improvements may predominantly benefit socioeconomically advantaged groups. Studies were commonly limited by selection bias and insufficient controlling for confounders. Heterogeneity in study design and reporting limited comparability across studies or any clear conclusions to be made regarding intervention cost. CONCLUSIONS: Improving neighbourhood walkability, quality of parks and playgrounds, and providing adequate active transport infrastructure is likely to generate positive impacts on activity in children and adults. The possibility that the benefits of infrastructure improvements may be inequitably distributed requires further investigation. Opportunities to improve the quality of evidence exist, including strategies to improve response rates and representativeness, use of valid and reliable measurement tools, cost-benefit analyses, and adequate controlling for confounders.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"quinn-jakicic-fertman-baronegibbs-demographicfactorsworkplacefactorsandactivetransportationuseintheusaasecondaryanalysisof2009nhtsdata-2017\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  Demographic factors, workplace factors and active transportation use in the USA: a secondary analysis of 2009 NHTS data.\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Quinn, T. D.; Jakicic, J. M.; Fertman, C. I.;  and Barone Gibbs, B.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health</i>, 71(5): 480–486.  2017.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2016-207820\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('quinn-jakicic-fertman-baronegibbs-demographicfactorsworkplacefactorsandactivetransportationuseintheusaasecondaryanalysisof2009nhtsdata-2017', 'http://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2016-207820', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/quinn-jakicic-fertman-baronegibbs-demographicfactorsworkplacefactorsandactivetransportationuseintheusaasecondaryanalysisof2009nhtsdata-2017\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('quinn-jakicic-fertman-baronegibbs-demographicfactorsworkplacefactorsandactivetransportationuseintheusaasecondaryanalysisof2009nhtsdata-2017')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{quinn_demographic_2017,\n\ttitle = {Demographic factors, workplace factors and active transportation use in the {USA}: a secondary analysis of 2009 {NHTS} data},\n\tvolume = {71},\n\tissn = {1470-2738},\n\tshorttitle = {Demographic factors, workplace factors and active transportation use in the {USA}},\n\tdoi = {10.1136/jech-2016-207820},\n\tabstract = {BACKGROUND: While active transportation has health, economic and environmental benefits, participation within the USA is low. The purpose of this study is to examine relationships of demographic and workplace factors with health-enhancing active transportation and commuting.\nMETHODS: Participants in the 2009 National Household Travel Survey reported demographics, workplace factors (time/distance to work, flextime availability, option to work from home and work start time) and active transportation (for any purpose) or commuting (to and from work, workers only) as walking or biking (≥10 min bouts only). Multiple logistic regression examined cross-sectional relationships between demographics and workplace factors with active transportation and commuting.\nRESULTS: Among 152 573 participants, active transportation was reported by 1.11\\% by biking and 11.74\\% by walking. Among 111 808 working participants, active commuting was reported by 0.80\\% by biking and 2.76\\% by walking. Increased odds (p{\\textless}0.05) of active commuting and transportation were associated with younger age, lower income, urban dwelling, and the highest and lowest education categories. Males had greater odds of commuting and transporting by bike but decreased odds of walk transporting. Inconsistent patterns were observed by race, but whites had greater odds of any biking (p{\\textless}0.05). Odds of active commuting were higher with a flexible schedule (p{\\textless}0.001), the option to work from home (p{\\textless}0.05), shorter time and distance to work (both p{\\textless}0.001), and work arrival time between 11:00 and 15:59 (walking only, p=0.001).\nCONCLUSIONS: Active transportation differed across demographic and workplace factors. These relationships could inform infrastructure policy decisions and workplace wellness programming targeting increased active transportation.},\n\tlanguage = {eng},\n\tnumber = {5},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health},\n\tauthor = {Quinn, Tyler D. and Jakicic, John M. and Fertman, Carl I. and Barone Gibbs, Bethany},\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tpmid = {27986862},\n\tkeywords = {Adult, Bicycling, Choice Behavior, Cross-Sectional Studies, DEMOGRAPHY, Female, Health Behavior, Health Promotion, Humans, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, TRAFFIC, Transportation, Travel, United States, WORKPLACE, Walking, Workplace, Young Adult},\n\tpages = {480--486},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  BACKGROUND: While active transportation has health, economic and environmental benefits, participation within the USA is low. The purpose of this study is to examine relationships of demographic and workplace factors with health-enhancing active transportation and commuting. METHODS: Participants in the 2009 National Household Travel Survey reported demographics, workplace factors (time/distance to work, flextime availability, option to work from home and work start time) and active transportation (for any purpose) or commuting (to and from work, workers only) as walking or biking (≥10 min bouts only). Multiple logistic regression examined cross-sectional relationships between demographics and workplace factors with active transportation and commuting. RESULTS: Among 152 573 participants, active transportation was reported by 1.11% by biking and 11.74% by walking. Among 111 808 working participants, active commuting was reported by 0.80% by biking and 2.76% by walking. Increased odds (p\\textless0.05) of active commuting and transportation were associated with younger age, lower income, urban dwelling, and the highest and lowest education categories. Males had greater odds of commuting and transporting by bike but decreased odds of walk transporting. Inconsistent patterns were observed by race, but whites had greater odds of any biking (p\\textless0.05). Odds of active commuting were higher with a flexible schedule (p\\textless0.001), the option to work from home (p\\textless0.05), shorter time and distance to work (both p\\textless0.001), and work arrival time between 11:00 and 15:59 (walking only, p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Active transportation differed across demographic and workplace factors. These relationships could inform infrastructure policy decisions and workplace wellness programming targeting increased active transportation.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"mccormack-mclaren-salvo-blackstaffe-changesinobjectivelydeterminedwalkabilityandphysicalactivityinadultsaquasilongitudinalresidentialrelocationstudy-2017\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  Changes in Objectively-Determined Walkability and Physical Activity in Adults: A Quasi-Longitudinal Residential Relocation Study.\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  McCormack, G. R.; McLaren, L.; Salvo, G.;  and Blackstaffe, A.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health</i>, 14(5).  2017.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14050551\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('mccormack-mclaren-salvo-blackstaffe-changesinobjectivelydeterminedwalkabilityandphysicalactivityinadultsaquasilongitudinalresidentialrelocationstudy-2017', 'http://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14050551', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/mccormack-mclaren-salvo-blackstaffe-changesinobjectivelydeterminedwalkabilityandphysicalactivityinadultsaquasilongitudinalresidentialrelocationstudy-2017\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('mccormack-mclaren-salvo-blackstaffe-changesinobjectivelydeterminedwalkabilityandphysicalactivityinadultsaquasilongitudinalresidentialrelocationstudy-2017')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{mccormack_changes_2017,\n\ttitle = {Changes in {Objectively}-{Determined} {Walkability} and {Physical} {Activity} in {Adults}: {A} {Quasi}-{Longitudinal} {Residential} {Relocation} {Study}},\n\tvolume = {14},\n\tissn = {1660-4601},\n\tshorttitle = {Changes in {Objectively}-{Determined} {Walkability} and {Physical} {Activity} in {Adults}},\n\tdoi = {10.3390/ijerph14050551},\n\tabstract = {Causal evidence for the built environment&#x27;s role in supporting physical activity is needed to inform land use and transportation policies. This quasi-longitudinal residential relocation study compared within-person changes in self-reported transportation walking, transportation cycling, and overall physical activity during the past 12 months among adults who did and did not move to a different neighbourhood. In 2014, a random sample of adults from 12 neighbourhoods (Calgary, AB, Canada) with varying urban form and socioeconomic status provided complete self-administered questionnaire data (n = 915). Participants, some of whom moved neighbourhood during the past 12 months (n = 95), reported their perceived change in transportation walking and cycling, and overall physical activity during that period. The questionnaire also captured residential self-selection, and sociodemographic and health characteristics. Walk Scores® were linked to each participant&#x27;s current and previous neighbourhood and three groups identified: walkability &quot;improvers&quot; (n = 48); &quot;decliners&quot; (n = 47), and; &quot;maintainers&quot; (n = 820). Perceived change in physical activity was compared between the three groups using propensity score covariate-adjusted Firth logistic regression (odds ratios: OR). Compared with walkability maintainers, walkability decliners (OR 4.37) and improvers (OR 4.14) were more likely (p {\\textless} 0.05) to report an increase in their transportation walking since moving neighbourhood, while walkability decliners were also more likely (OR 3.17) to report decreasing their transportation walking since moving. Walkability improvers were more likely than maintainers to increase their transportation cycling since moving neighbourhood (OR 4.22). Temporal changes in neighbourhood walkability resulting from residential relocation appear to be associated with reported temporal changes in transportation walking and cycling in adults.},\n\tlanguage = {eng},\n\tnumber = {5},\n\tjournal = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health},\n\tauthor = {McCormack, Gavin R. and McLaren, Lindsay and Salvo, Grazia and Blackstaffe, Anita},\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tpmid = {28531149},\n\tpmcid = {PMC5452001},\n\tkeywords = {Adult, Aged, Alberta, Bicycling, Female, Humans, Logistic Models, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Residence Characteristics, Self Report, Surveys and Questionnaires, Transportation, Walking, built environment, cycling, longitudinal, natural experiment, neighbourhood, physical activity, residential relocation, walkability, walking},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  Causal evidence for the built environment's role in supporting physical activity is needed to inform land use and transportation policies. This quasi-longitudinal residential relocation study compared within-person changes in self-reported transportation walking, transportation cycling, and overall physical activity during the past 12 months among adults who did and did not move to a different neighbourhood. In 2014, a random sample of adults from 12 neighbourhoods (Calgary, AB, Canada) with varying urban form and socioeconomic status provided complete self-administered questionnaire data (n = 915). Participants, some of whom moved neighbourhood during the past 12 months (n = 95), reported their perceived change in transportation walking and cycling, and overall physical activity during that period. The questionnaire also captured residential self-selection, and sociodemographic and health characteristics. Walk Scores® were linked to each participant's current and previous neighbourhood and three groups identified: walkability \"improvers\" (n = 48); \"decliners\" (n = 47), and; \"maintainers\" (n = 820). Perceived change in physical activity was compared between the three groups using propensity score covariate-adjusted Firth logistic regression (odds ratios: OR). Compared with walkability maintainers, walkability decliners (OR 4.37) and improvers (OR 4.14) were more likely (p \\textless 0.05) to report an increase in their transportation walking since moving neighbourhood, while walkability decliners were also more likely (OR 3.17) to report decreasing their transportation walking since moving. Walkability improvers were more likely than maintainers to increase their transportation cycling since moving neighbourhood (OR 4.22). Temporal changes in neighbourhood walkability resulting from residential relocation appear to be associated with reported temporal changes in transportation walking and cycling in adults.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"lapointe-lerenforcementdescapacitscommunautairesetlimplantationdunprogrammedepromotiondutransportactifverslcolelecasdetrottibus-2017\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"https://papyrus.bib.umontreal.ca/xmlui/handle/1866/19869\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'lapointe-lerenforcementdescapacitscommunautairesetlimplantationdunprogrammedepromotiondutransportactifverslcolelecasdetrottibus-2017', 'https://papyrus.bib.umontreal.ca/xmlui/handle/1866/19869', event);\">\n    Le renforcement des capacités communautaires et l’implantation d’un programme de promotion du transport actif vers l’école : le cas de Trottibus.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Lapointe, L.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  . November 2017.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"https://papyrus.bib.umontreal.ca/xmlui/handle/1866/19869\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('lapointe-lerenforcementdescapacitscommunautairesetlimplantationdunprogrammedepromotiondutransportactifverslcolelecasdetrottibus-2017', 'https://papyrus.bib.umontreal.ca/xmlui/handle/1866/19869', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"Le renforcement des capacités communautaires et l’implantation d’un programme de promotion du transport actif vers l’école : le cas de Trottibus [link]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/lapointe-lerenforcementdescapacitscommunautairesetlimplantationdunprogrammedepromotiondutransportactifverslcolelecasdetrottibus-2017\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('lapointe-lerenforcementdescapacitscommunautairesetlimplantationdunprogrammedepromotiondutransportactifverslcolelecasdetrottibus-2017')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{lapointe_renforcement_2017,\n\ttitle = {Le renforcement des capacités communautaires et l’implantation d’un programme de promotion du transport actif vers l’école : le cas de {Trottibus}},\n\tshorttitle = {Le renforcement des capacités communautaires et l’implantation d’un programme de promotion du transport actif vers l’école},\n\turl = {https://papyrus.bib.umontreal.ca/xmlui/handle/1866/19869},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2019-02-26},\n\tauthor = {Lapointe, Laurence},\n\tmonth = nov,\n\tyear = {2017},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"sirois-belleville-vieillirensantcestpossible-2017\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  Vieillir en santé: c'est possible !.\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Sirois, M.;  and Belleville, S.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n   of Collection Institut universitaire de gériatrie de MontréalÉditions du CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Montréal,  2017.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/sirois-belleville-vieillirensantcestpossible-2017\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('sirois-belleville-vieillirensantcestpossible-2017')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@book{sirois_vieillir_2017,\n\taddress = {Montréal},\n\tseries = {Collection {Institut} universitaire de gériatrie de {Montréal}},\n\ttitle = {Vieillir en santé: c&#x27;est possible !},\n\tisbn = {978-2-551-25944-1},\n\tshorttitle = {Vieillir en santé},\n\tabstract = {Si la tendance se maintient, vous vivrez vieux. Votre corps et vos capacités se modifieront au fil des années à venir… comme ils l’ont fait tout au long de votre vie. Vous expérimenterez peut-être certains irritants du vieillissement comme les trous de mémoire, les douleurs qui apparaissent, les médicaments qui se multiplient, les sens qui s’émoussent.… Vous préférez ne pas y penser ? Ce livre est pour vous. Pour arrêter d’avoir peur de vieillir. Pour faire face au dernier tabou.\n\nQu’est-ce qui fait partie du vieillissement normal ? Qu’est-ce qui n’en fait pas partie ? Les auteures proposent des actions à prendre dès maintenant pour maintenir ou améliorer votre santé, loin des recettes toutes faites ou des produits miracles. En effet, les 11 chapitres de ce livre ont été validés scientifiquement par des chercheurs du Centre de recherche de l’Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal. Rigueur scientifique, dédramatisation et trucs utiles : voici une lecture nécessaire pour s’adapter à cette nouvelle étape de la vie.\n\nParce qu’à partir de 65 ans, il y a toute une vie à saisir ! [Éditeur]},\n\tpublisher = {Éditions du CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l&#x27;Île-de-Montréal},\n\tauthor = {Sirois, Michèle and Belleville, Sylvie},\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tkeywords = {Personnes âgées, Prévention, Santé et hygiène, Vieillissement},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  Si la tendance se maintient, vous vivrez vieux. Votre corps et vos capacités se modifieront au fil des années à venir… comme ils l’ont fait tout au long de votre vie. Vous expérimenterez peut-être certains irritants du vieillissement comme les trous de mémoire, les douleurs qui apparaissent, les médicaments qui se multiplient, les sens qui s’émoussent.… Vous préférez ne pas y penser ? Ce livre est pour vous. Pour arrêter d’avoir peur de vieillir. Pour faire face au dernier tabou. Qu’est-ce qui fait partie du vieillissement normal ? Qu’est-ce qui n’en fait pas partie ? Les auteures proposent des actions à prendre dès maintenant pour maintenir ou améliorer votre santé, loin des recettes toutes faites ou des produits miracles. En effet, les 11 chapitres de ce livre ont été validés scientifiquement par des chercheurs du Centre de recherche de l’Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal. Rigueur scientifique, dédramatisation et trucs utiles : voici une lecture nécessaire pour s’adapter à cette nouvelle étape de la vie. Parce qu’à partir de 65 ans, il y a toute une vie à saisir ! [Éditeur]\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"surlemodedeviephysiquementactif-province-nousdejouerjeuactifetjeulibrepourledveloppementdelenfant-2017\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  À nous de jouer: jeu actif et jeu libre pour le développement de l'enfant.\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  sur le mode de vie physiquement actif , T.;  and (Province), Q.,\n  editors.\n  \n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  Ministère de l'éducation et de l'enseignement supérieur, Québec,  2017.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/surlemodedeviephysiquementactif-province-nousdejouerjeuactifetjeulibrepourledveloppementdelenfant-2017\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('surlemodedeviephysiquementactif-province-nousdejouerjeuactifetjeulibrepourledveloppementdelenfant-2017')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@book{table_sur_le_mode_de_vie_physiquement_actif_a_2017,\n\taddress = {Québec},\n\ttitle = {À nous de jouer: jeu actif et jeu libre pour le développement de l&#x27;enfant},\n\tisbn = {978-2-550-77669-7 978-2-550-77830-1},\n\tshorttitle = {À nous de jouer},\n\tpublisher = {Ministère de l&#x27;éducation et de l&#x27;enseignement supérieur},\n\teditor = {Table sur le mode de vie physiquement actif and Québec (Province)},\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tkeywords = {Activité motrice chez l&#x27;enfant, Jeu chez l&#x27;enfant, Québec (Province)},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_2016\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_2016')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_2016')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>2016</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (1)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"ethan-basch-johnson-hammond-chow-varsos-ananalysisoftechnologyrelateddistractedbikingbehaviorsandhelmetuseamongcyclistsinnewyorkcity-2016\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  An Analysis of Technology-Related Distracted Biking Behaviors and Helmet Use Among Cyclists in New York City.\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Ethan, D.; Basch, C. H.; Johnson, G. D.; Hammond, R.; Chow, C. M.;  and Varsos, V.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>Journal of Community Health</i>, 41(1): 138–145. February 2016.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-015-0079-0\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('ethan-basch-johnson-hammond-chow-varsos-ananalysisoftechnologyrelateddistractedbikingbehaviorsandhelmetuseamongcyclistsinnewyorkcity-2016', 'http://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-015-0079-0', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/ethan-basch-johnson-hammond-chow-varsos-ananalysisoftechnologyrelateddistractedbikingbehaviorsandhelmetuseamongcyclistsinnewyorkcity-2016\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('ethan-basch-johnson-hammond-chow-varsos-ananalysisoftechnologyrelateddistractedbikingbehaviorsandhelmetuseamongcyclistsinnewyorkcity-2016')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{ethan_analysis_2016,\n\ttitle = {An {Analysis} of {Technology}-{Related} {Distracted} {Biking} {Behaviors} and {Helmet} {Use} {Among} {Cyclists} in {New} {York} {City}},\n\tvolume = {41},\n\tissn = {1573-3610},\n\tdoi = {10.1007/s10900-015-0079-0},\n\tabstract = {Bicycling is becoming an increasingly utilized mode of transportation in New York City. Technology-related distracted bicycling and helmet use are behaviors that can impact bike safety. The aims of this study were twofold: (1) to determine rates and types of technology-related distracted behaviors among bicyclists in the borough of Manhattan in New York City; and (2) to assess the rate of bicycle helmet use among these cyclists. Bicyclists in five popular riding areas in Manhattan were observed for a total of 50 h using a digital video camera during summer months in 2014. Videos were coded and enumerated for the total number and gender of cyclists, type of bicycle, number wearing headphones/earbuds and/or using a mobile phone, and whether the cyclist was wearing a helmet. Almost 25,000 cyclists were observed across the five selected locations (n = 24,861). Riders were almost four times more likely not to wear a helmet on rental bikes as compared with non-rentals (Citi Bike(®) OR 3.8; 95\\% CI 2.5, 5.9: other rental OR 3.8; 95\\% CI 3.0, 4.9). Significantly increased odds of not wearing a helmet were observed for females relative to males (OR 1.4; 95\\% CI 1.1, 1.8) across varied times and locations. Overall, rates of technology-related distraction were low, with headphone use being most prevalent. Males were more likely to wear headphones/earbuds (OR 2.0; 95\\% CI 1.4, 2.9), as were cyclists on Citi Bikes relative to other rental bikes (OR 2.2; 95\\% CI 1.3, 3.6). Findings from this study contribute to the growing literature on distracted biking and helmet use among bike share program riders and other cyclists and can inform policymakers and program planners aiming to improve bicycle safety in urban settings.},\n\tlanguage = {eng},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Community Health},\n\tauthor = {Ethan, Danna and Basch, Corey H. and Johnson, Glen D. and Hammond, Rodney and Chow, Ching Man and Varsos, Victoria},\n\tmonth = feb,\n\tyear = {2016},\n\tpmid = {26323983},\n\tkeywords = {Bicycling, Cell Phone, Female, Head Protective Devices, Helmet use, Humans, Male, New York City, Prevalence, Technology-related distracted biking, Urban bike share programs},\n\tpages = {138--145},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  Bicycling is becoming an increasingly utilized mode of transportation in New York City. Technology-related distracted bicycling and helmet use are behaviors that can impact bike safety. The aims of this study were twofold: (1) to determine rates and types of technology-related distracted behaviors among bicyclists in the borough of Manhattan in New York City; and (2) to assess the rate of bicycle helmet use among these cyclists. Bicyclists in five popular riding areas in Manhattan were observed for a total of 50 h using a digital video camera during summer months in 2014. Videos were coded and enumerated for the total number and gender of cyclists, type of bicycle, number wearing headphones/earbuds and/or using a mobile phone, and whether the cyclist was wearing a helmet. Almost 25,000 cyclists were observed across the five selected locations (n = 24,861). Riders were almost four times more likely not to wear a helmet on rental bikes as compared with non-rentals (Citi Bike(®) OR 3.8; 95% CI 2.5, 5.9: other rental OR 3.8; 95% CI 3.0, 4.9). Significantly increased odds of not wearing a helmet were observed for females relative to males (OR 1.4; 95% CI 1.1, 1.8) across varied times and locations. Overall, rates of technology-related distraction were low, with headphone use being most prevalent. Males were more likely to wear headphones/earbuds (OR 2.0; 95% CI 1.4, 2.9), as were cyclists on Citi Bikes relative to other rental bikes (OR 2.2; 95% CI 1.3, 3.6). Findings from this study contribute to the growing literature on distracted biking and helmet use among bike share program riders and other cyclists and can inform policymakers and program planners aiming to improve bicycle safety in urban settings.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_2015\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_2015')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_2015')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>2015</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (1)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"basch-ethan-zybert-afzaal-spillane-basch-publicbikesharinginnewyorkcityhelmetusebehaviorpatternsat25citibikestations-2015\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  Public bike sharing in New York City: helmet use behavior patterns at 25 Citi Bike™ stations.\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Basch, C. H.; Ethan, D.; Zybert, P.; Afzaal, S.; Spillane, M.;  and Basch, C. E.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>Journal of Community Health</i>, 40(3): 530–533. June 2015.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-014-9967-y\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('basch-ethan-zybert-afzaal-spillane-basch-publicbikesharinginnewyorkcityhelmetusebehaviorpatternsat25citibikestations-2015', 'http://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-014-9967-y', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/basch-ethan-zybert-afzaal-spillane-basch-publicbikesharinginnewyorkcityhelmetusebehaviorpatternsat25citibikestations-2015\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('basch-ethan-zybert-afzaal-spillane-basch-publicbikesharinginnewyorkcityhelmetusebehaviorpatternsat25citibikestations-2015')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{basch_public_2015,\n\ttitle = {Public bike sharing in {New} {York} {City}: helmet use behavior patterns at 25 {Citi} {Bike}™ stations},\n\tvolume = {40},\n\tissn = {1573-3610},\n\tshorttitle = {Public bike sharing in {New} {York} {City}},\n\tdoi = {10.1007/s10900-014-9967-y},\n\tabstract = {Urban public bicycle sharing programs are on the rise in the United States. Launched in 2013, NYC&#x27;s public bicycle share program, Citi Bike™ is the fastest growing program of its kind in the nation, with nearly 100,000 members and more than 330 docking stations across Manhattan and Brooklyn. The purpose of this study was to assess helmet use behavior among Citi Bike™ riders at 25 of the busiest docking stations. The 25 Citi Bike™ Stations varied greatly in terms of usage: total number of cyclists (N = 96-342), commute versus recreation (22.9-79.5\\% commute time riders), weekday versus weekend (6.0-49.0\\% weekend riders). Helmet use ranged between 2.9 and 29.2\\% across sites (median = 7.5 \\%). A total of 4,919 cyclists were observed, of whom 545 (11.1\\%) were wearing helmets. Incoming cyclists were more likely to wear helmets than outgoing cyclists (11.0 vs 5.9\\%, p = .000). NYC&#x27;s bike share program endorses helmet use, but relies on education to encourage it. Our data confirm that, to date, this strategy has not been successful.},\n\tlanguage = {eng},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Community Health},\n\tauthor = {Basch, Corey H. and Ethan, Danna and Zybert, Patricia and Afzaal, Sarah and Spillane, Michael and Basch, Charles E.},\n\tmonth = jun,\n\tyear = {2015},\n\tpmid = {25388627},\n\tkeywords = {Bicycling, Head Protective Devices, Humans, New York City, Recreation, Sex Distribution, Time Factors, Transportation, Urban Population},\n\tpages = {530--533},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  Urban public bicycle sharing programs are on the rise in the United States. Launched in 2013, NYC's public bicycle share program, Citi Bike™ is the fastest growing program of its kind in the nation, with nearly 100,000 members and more than 330 docking stations across Manhattan and Brooklyn. The purpose of this study was to assess helmet use behavior among Citi Bike™ riders at 25 of the busiest docking stations. The 25 Citi Bike™ Stations varied greatly in terms of usage: total number of cyclists (N = 96-342), commute versus recreation (22.9-79.5% commute time riders), weekday versus weekend (6.0-49.0% weekend riders). Helmet use ranged between 2.9 and 29.2% across sites (median = 7.5 %). A total of 4,919 cyclists were observed, of whom 545 (11.1%) were wearing helmets. Incoming cyclists were more likely to wear helmets than outgoing cyclists (11.0 vs 5.9%, p = .000). NYC's bike share program endorses helmet use, but relies on education to encourage it. Our data confirm that, to date, this strategy has not been successful.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_2014\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_2014')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_2014')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>2014</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (2)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"basch-zagnit-rajan-ethan-basch-helmetuseamongcyclistsinnewyorkcity-2014\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  Helmet use among cyclists in New York City.\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Basch, C. H.; Zagnit, E. A.; Rajan, S.; Ethan, D.;  and Basch, C. E.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>Journal of Community Health</i>, 39(5): 956–958. October 2014.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-014-9836-8\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('basch-zagnit-rajan-ethan-basch-helmetuseamongcyclistsinnewyorkcity-2014', 'http://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-014-9836-8', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/basch-zagnit-rajan-ethan-basch-helmetuseamongcyclistsinnewyorkcity-2014\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('basch-zagnit-rajan-ethan-basch-helmetuseamongcyclistsinnewyorkcity-2014')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{basch_helmet_2014,\n\ttitle = {Helmet use among cyclists in {New} {York} {City}},\n\tvolume = {39},\n\tissn = {1573-3610},\n\tdoi = {10.1007/s10900-014-9836-8},\n\tabstract = {Lack of helmet use while bicycling can have deleterious effects on health. Despite evidence that helmets can greatly reduce the risk of head injury, the prevalence of helmet use among riders, including those in urban bicycle-share programs, has been shown to be very low. Building upon the authors&#x27; previous work, this study&#x27;s aim was to assess prevalence of helmet use among cyclists riding on widely used New York City (NYC) bike lanes. Across a 2-month period, cyclists were filmed in five NYC locations with bike lanes. Filming took place at two separate time periods (recreation and commute) at each location. Helmet use was coded for each cyclist. A total of 1,921 riders were observed across 10 h. Overall, half (50.0 \\%) of all riders were observed wearing a helmet. Rates of using a helmet were consistent across all five locations. In addition, only 21.7 \\% of Citi Bike users and 15.3 \\% of other bicycle rentals were observed wearing helmets while cycling. The prevalence of helmet use was significantly higher among males than females (z = 4.48, p {\\textless} .001). Cyclists observed during the recreational time period were also less likely than those observed during the commuting time period to be wearing a helmet (z = 7.17, p {\\textless} .001). The results of this study contribute to the growing literature about cyclist helmet use in urban areas.},\n\tlanguage = {eng},\n\tnumber = {5},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Community Health},\n\tauthor = {Basch, Corey H. and Zagnit, Emily A. and Rajan, Sonali and Ethan, Danna and Basch, Charles E.},\n\tmonth = oct,\n\tyear = {2014},\n\tpmid = {24532308},\n\tkeywords = {Bicycling, Female, Head Protective Devices, Humans, Male, New York City, Prevalence, Sex Factors},\n\tpages = {956--958},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  Lack of helmet use while bicycling can have deleterious effects on health. Despite evidence that helmets can greatly reduce the risk of head injury, the prevalence of helmet use among riders, including those in urban bicycle-share programs, has been shown to be very low. Building upon the authors' previous work, this study's aim was to assess prevalence of helmet use among cyclists riding on widely used New York City (NYC) bike lanes. Across a 2-month period, cyclists were filmed in five NYC locations with bike lanes. Filming took place at two separate time periods (recreation and commute) at each location. Helmet use was coded for each cyclist. A total of 1,921 riders were observed across 10 h. Overall, half (50.0 %) of all riders were observed wearing a helmet. Rates of using a helmet were consistent across all five locations. In addition, only 21.7 % of Citi Bike users and 15.3 % of other bicycle rentals were observed wearing helmets while cycling. The prevalence of helmet use was significantly higher among males than females (z = 4.48, p \\textless .001). Cyclists observed during the recreational time period were also less likely than those observed during the commuting time period to be wearing a helmet (z = 7.17, p \\textless .001). The results of this study contribute to the growing literature about cyclist helmet use in urban areas.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"basch-ethan-rajan-samayoakozlowsky-basch-helmetuseamongusersofthecitibikebicyclesharingprogramapilotstudyinnewyorkcity-2014\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  Helmet use among users of the Citi Bike bicycle-sharing program: a pilot study in New York City.\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Basch, C. H.; Ethan, D.; Rajan, S.; Samayoa-Kozlowsky, S.;  and Basch, C. E.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>Journal of Community Health</i>, 39(3): 503–507. June 2014.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-013-9785-7\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('basch-ethan-rajan-samayoakozlowsky-basch-helmetuseamongusersofthecitibikebicyclesharingprogramapilotstudyinnewyorkcity-2014', 'http://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-013-9785-7', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/basch-ethan-rajan-samayoakozlowsky-basch-helmetuseamongusersofthecitibikebicyclesharingprogramapilotstudyinnewyorkcity-2014\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('basch-ethan-rajan-samayoakozlowsky-basch-helmetuseamongusersofthecitibikebicyclesharingprogramapilotstudyinnewyorkcity-2014')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{basch_helmet_2014-1,\n\ttitle = {Helmet use among users of the {Citi} {Bike} bicycle-sharing program: a pilot study in {New} {York} {City}},\n\tvolume = {39},\n\tissn = {1573-3610},\n\tshorttitle = {Helmet use among users of the {Citi} {Bike} bicycle-sharing program},\n\tdoi = {10.1007/s10900-013-9785-7},\n\tabstract = {The use of bicycle helmets to prevent or reduce serious head injuries is well established. However, it is unclear how to effectively promote helmet use, particularly in the context of bicycle-sharing programs. The need to determine rates of helmet use specifically among users of bicycle-sharing programs and understand if certain characteristics, such as time of day, affect helmet use, is imperative if effective promotion and/or legislative efforts addressing helmet use are to be developed. We estimated the prevalence of helmet use among a sample of Citi Bike program users in New York City. A total of 1,054 cyclists were observed over 44 h and across the 22 busiest Citi Bike locations. Overall, 85.3\\% (95\\% CI 82.2, 88.4\\%) of the cyclists observed did not wear a helmet. Rates of helmet non-use were also consistent whether cyclists were entering or leaving the docking station, among cyclists using the Citi Bikes earlier versus later in the day, and among cyclists using the Citi Bikes on weekends versus weekdays. Improved understanding about factors that facilitate and hinder helmet use is needed to help reduce head injury risk among users of bicycle sharing programs.},\n\tlanguage = {eng},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Community Health},\n\tauthor = {Basch, Corey H. and Ethan, Danna and Rajan, Sonali and Samayoa-Kozlowsky, Sandra and Basch, Charles E.},\n\tmonth = jun,\n\tyear = {2014},\n\tpmid = {24177959},\n\tkeywords = {Bicycling, Head Protective Devices, Humans, New York City, Pilot Projects},\n\tpages = {503--507},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  The use of bicycle helmets to prevent or reduce serious head injuries is well established. However, it is unclear how to effectively promote helmet use, particularly in the context of bicycle-sharing programs. The need to determine rates of helmet use specifically among users of bicycle-sharing programs and understand if certain characteristics, such as time of day, affect helmet use, is imperative if effective promotion and/or legislative efforts addressing helmet use are to be developed. We estimated the prevalence of helmet use among a sample of Citi Bike program users in New York City. A total of 1,054 cyclists were observed over 44 h and across the 22 busiest Citi Bike locations. Overall, 85.3% (95% CI 82.2, 88.4%) of the cyclists observed did not wear a helmet. Rates of helmet non-use were also consistent whether cyclists were entering or leaving the docking station, among cyclists using the Citi Bikes earlier versus later in the day, and among cyclists using the Citi Bikes on weekends versus weekdays. Improved understanding about factors that facilitate and hinder helmet use is needed to help reduce head injury risk among users of bicycle sharing programs.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_2013\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_2013')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_2013')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>2013</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (2)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"goodman-walkingcyclinganddrivingtoworkintheenglishandwelsh2011censustrendssocioeconomicpatterningandrelevancetotravelbehaviouringeneral-2013\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  Walking, cycling and driving to work in the English and Welsh 2011 census: trends, socio-economic patterning and relevance to travel behaviour in general.\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Goodman, A.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>PloS One</i>, 8(8): e71790.  2013.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0071790\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('goodman-walkingcyclinganddrivingtoworkintheenglishandwelsh2011censustrendssocioeconomicpatterningandrelevancetotravelbehaviouringeneral-2013', 'http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0071790', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/goodman-walkingcyclinganddrivingtoworkintheenglishandwelsh2011censustrendssocioeconomicpatterningandrelevancetotravelbehaviouringeneral-2013\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('goodman-walkingcyclinganddrivingtoworkintheenglishandwelsh2011censustrendssocioeconomicpatterningandrelevancetotravelbehaviouringeneral-2013')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{goodman_walking_2013,\n\ttitle = {Walking, cycling and driving to work in the {English} and {Welsh} 2011 census: trends, socio-economic patterning and relevance to travel behaviour in general},\n\tvolume = {8},\n\tissn = {1932-6203},\n\tshorttitle = {Walking, cycling and driving to work in the {English} and {Welsh} 2011 census},\n\tdoi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0071790},\n\tabstract = {OBJECTIVES: Increasing walking and cycling, and reducing motorised transport, are health and environmental priorities. This paper examines levels and trends in the use of different commute modes in England and Wales, both overall and with respect to small-area deprivation. It also investigates whether commute modal share can serve as a proxy for travel behaviour more generally.\nMETHODS: 23.7 million adult commuters reported their usual main mode of travelling to work in the 2011 census in England and Wales; similar data were available for 1971-2001. Indices of Multiple Deprivation were used to characterise socio-economic patterning. The National Travel Survey (2002-2010) was used to examine correlations between commute modal share and modal share of total travel time. These correlations were calculated across 150 non-overlapping populations defined by region, year band and income.\nRESULTS: Among commuters in 2011, 67.1\\% used private motorised transport as their usual main commute mode (-1.8 percentage-point change since 2001); 17.8\\% used public transport (+1.8\\% change); 10.9\\% walked (-0.1\\% change); and 3.1\\% cycled (+0.1\\% change). Walking and, to a marginal extent, cycling were more common among those from deprived areas, but these gradients had flattened over the previous decade to the point of having essentially disappeared for cycling. In the National Travel Survey, commute modal share and total modal share were reasonably highly correlated for private motorised transport (r = 0.94), public transport (r = 0.96), walking (r = 0.88 excluding London) and cycling (r = 0.77).\nCONCLUSIONS: England and Wales remain car-dependent, but the trends are slightly more encouraging. Unlike many health behaviours, it is more common for socio-economically disadvantaged groups to commute using physically active modes. This association is, however, weakening and may soon reverse for cycling. At a population level, commute modal share provides a reasonable proxy for broader travel patterns, enhancing the value of the census in characterising background trends and evaluating interventions.},\n\tlanguage = {eng},\n\tnumber = {8},\n\tjournal = {PloS One},\n\tauthor = {Goodman, Anna},\n\tyear = {2013},\n\tpmid = {23990990},\n\tpmcid = {PMC3749195},\n\tkeywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Automobile Driving, Bicycling, Censuses, Data Collection, England, Geography, Humans, Linear Models, Middle Aged, Surveys and Questionnaires, Transportation, Travel, Wales, Walking, Young Adult},\n\tpages = {e71790},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  OBJECTIVES: Increasing walking and cycling, and reducing motorised transport, are health and environmental priorities. This paper examines levels and trends in the use of different commute modes in England and Wales, both overall and with respect to small-area deprivation. It also investigates whether commute modal share can serve as a proxy for travel behaviour more generally. METHODS: 23.7 million adult commuters reported their usual main mode of travelling to work in the 2011 census in England and Wales; similar data were available for 1971-2001. Indices of Multiple Deprivation were used to characterise socio-economic patterning. The National Travel Survey (2002-2010) was used to examine correlations between commute modal share and modal share of total travel time. These correlations were calculated across 150 non-overlapping populations defined by region, year band and income. RESULTS: Among commuters in 2011, 67.1% used private motorised transport as their usual main commute mode (-1.8 percentage-point change since 2001); 17.8% used public transport (+1.8% change); 10.9% walked (-0.1% change); and 3.1% cycled (+0.1% change). Walking and, to a marginal extent, cycling were more common among those from deprived areas, but these gradients had flattened over the previous decade to the point of having essentially disappeared for cycling. In the National Travel Survey, commute modal share and total modal share were reasonably highly correlated for private motorised transport (r = 0.94), public transport (r = 0.96), walking (r = 0.88 excluding London) and cycling (r = 0.77). CONCLUSIONS: England and Wales remain car-dependent, but the trends are slightly more encouraging. Unlike many health behaviours, it is more common for socio-economically disadvantaged groups to commute using physically active modes. This association is, however, weakening and may soon reverse for cycling. At a population level, commute modal share provides a reasonable proxy for broader travel patterns, enhancing the value of the census in characterising background trends and evaluating interventions.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"fuller-gauvin-kestens-daniel-fournier-morency-drouin-impactevaluationofapublicbicycleshareprogramoncyclingacaseexampleofbixiinmontrealquebec-2013\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  Impact evaluation of a public bicycle share program on cycling: a case example of BIXI in Montreal, Quebec.\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Fuller, D.; Gauvin, L.; Kestens, Y.; Daniel, M.; Fournier, M.; Morency, P.;  and Drouin, L.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>American Journal of Public Health</i>, 103(3): e85–92. March 2013.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2012.300917\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('fuller-gauvin-kestens-daniel-fournier-morency-drouin-impactevaluationofapublicbicycleshareprogramoncyclingacaseexampleofbixiinmontrealquebec-2013', 'http://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2012.300917', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/fuller-gauvin-kestens-daniel-fournier-morency-drouin-impactevaluationofapublicbicycleshareprogramoncyclingacaseexampleofbixiinmontrealquebec-2013\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('fuller-gauvin-kestens-daniel-fournier-morency-drouin-impactevaluationofapublicbicycleshareprogramoncyclingacaseexampleofbixiinmontrealquebec-2013')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{fuller_impact_2013,\n\ttitle = {Impact evaluation of a public bicycle share program on cycling: a case example of {BIXI} in {Montreal}, {Quebec}},\n\tvolume = {103},\n\tissn = {1541-0048},\n\tshorttitle = {Impact evaluation of a public bicycle share program on cycling},\n\tdoi = {10.2105/AJPH.2012.300917},\n\tabstract = {OBJECTIVES: We examined associations between residential exposure to BIXI (BIcycle-taXI)-a public bicycle share program implemented in Montreal, Quebec, in 2009, which increases accessibility to cycling by making available 5050 bicycles at 405 bicycle docking stations-and likelihood of cycling (BIXI and non-BIXI) in Montreal over the first 2 years of implementation.\nMETHODS: Three population-based samples of adults participated in telephone surveys. Data collection occurred at the launch of the program (spring 2009), and at the end of the first (fall 2009) and second (fall 2010) seasons of implementation. Difference in differences models assessed whether greater cycling was observed for those exposed to BIXI compared with those not exposed at each time point.\nRESULTS: We observed a greater likelihood of cycling for those exposed to the public bicycle share program after the second season of implementation (odds ratio = 2.86; 95\\% confidence interval = 1.85, 4.42) after we controlled for weather, built environment, and individual variables.\nCONCLUSIONS: The implementation of a public bicycle share program can lead to greater likelihood of cycling among persons living in areas where bicycles are made available.},\n\tlanguage = {eng},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\tjournal = {American Journal of Public Health},\n\tauthor = {Fuller, Daniel and Gauvin, Lise and Kestens, Yan and Daniel, Mark and Fournier, Michel and Morency, Patrick and Drouin, Louis},\n\tmonth = mar,\n\tyear = {2013},\n\tpmid = {23327280},\n\tpmcid = {PMC3673500},\n\tkeywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Bicycling, Cross-Sectional Studies, Data Collection, Female, Health Promotion, Humans, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, Quebec, Recreation, Time Factors, Transportation, Young Adult},\n\tpages = {e85--92},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  OBJECTIVES: We examined associations between residential exposure to BIXI (BIcycle-taXI)-a public bicycle share program implemented in Montreal, Quebec, in 2009, which increases accessibility to cycling by making available 5050 bicycles at 405 bicycle docking stations-and likelihood of cycling (BIXI and non-BIXI) in Montreal over the first 2 years of implementation. METHODS: Three population-based samples of adults participated in telephone surveys. Data collection occurred at the launch of the program (spring 2009), and at the end of the first (fall 2009) and second (fall 2010) seasons of implementation. Difference in differences models assessed whether greater cycling was observed for those exposed to BIXI compared with those not exposed at each time point. RESULTS: We observed a greater likelihood of cycling for those exposed to the public bicycle share program after the second season of implementation (odds ratio = 2.86; 95% confidence interval = 1.85, 4.42) after we controlled for weather, built environment, and individual variables. CONCLUSIONS: The implementation of a public bicycle share program can lead to greater likelihood of cycling among persons living in areas where bicycles are made available.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_2012\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_2012')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_2012')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>2012</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (1)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"bonyun-camden-macarthur-howard-helmetuseinbixicyclistsintorontocanadaanobservationalstudy-2012\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  Helmet use in BIXI cyclists in Toronto, Canada: an observational study.\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Bonyun, M.; Camden, A.; Macarthur, C.;  and Howard, A.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>BMJ open</i>, 2(3).  2012.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2012-001049\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('bonyun-camden-macarthur-howard-helmetuseinbixicyclistsintorontocanadaanobservationalstudy-2012', 'http://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2012-001049', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/bonyun-camden-macarthur-howard-helmetuseinbixicyclistsintorontocanadaanobservationalstudy-2012\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('bonyun-camden-macarthur-howard-helmetuseinbixicyclistsintorontocanadaanobservationalstudy-2012')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{bonyun_helmet_2012,\n\ttitle = {Helmet use in {BIXI} cyclists in {Toronto}, {Canada}: an observational study},\n\tvolume = {2},\n\tissn = {2044-6055},\n\tshorttitle = {Helmet use in {BIXI} cyclists in {Toronto}, {Canada}},\n\tdoi = {10.1136/bmjopen-2012-001049},\n\tabstract = {OBJECTIVE: To investigate the use of helmets for cyclists choosing to use BIXI bikes in comparison to personal bike riders in the City of Toronto.\nDESIGN: Cross-sectional study design.\nSETTING: Cyclists were observed in Toronto, Canada.\nPARTICIPANTS: Of the 6732 sample size, 306 cyclists on BIXI bikes and 6426 personal bike riders were observed.\nOUTCOME MEASURE: The outcome of interest was helmet use.\nRESULTS: Overall, 50.3\\% of cyclists wore helmets. The proportion of BIXI bike riders using helmets was significantly lower than the proportion of helmet users on personal bikes (20.9\\% vs 51.7\\%, respectively, p{\\textless}0.0001).\nCONCLUSIONS: Although the BIXI bike programme has provided an alternate means for Torontonians to use a bicycle, cyclists using BIXI bikes are much less likely to wear a helmet. Since the prevalence of helmet use in cyclists in general is already low, helmet use should be especially promoted in BIXI bike riders in order to promote a safe and healthy environment for cyclists.},\n\tlanguage = {eng},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\tjournal = {BMJ open},\n\tauthor = {Bonyun, Marissa and Camden, Andi and Macarthur, Colin and Howard, Andrew},\n\tyear = {2012},\n\tpmid = {22710130},\n\tpmcid = {PMC3378939},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  OBJECTIVE: To investigate the use of helmets for cyclists choosing to use BIXI bikes in comparison to personal bike riders in the City of Toronto. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study design. SETTING: Cyclists were observed in Toronto, Canada. PARTICIPANTS: Of the 6732 sample size, 306 cyclists on BIXI bikes and 6426 personal bike riders were observed. OUTCOME MEASURE: The outcome of interest was helmet use. RESULTS: Overall, 50.3% of cyclists wore helmets. The proportion of BIXI bike riders using helmets was significantly lower than the proportion of helmet users on personal bikes (20.9% vs 51.7%, respectively, p\\textless0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Although the BIXI bike programme has provided an alternate means for Torontonians to use a bicycle, cyclists using BIXI bikes are much less likely to wear a helmet. Since the prevalence of helmet use in cyclists in general is already low, helmet use should be especially promoted in BIXI bike riders in order to promote a safe and healthy environment for cyclists.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_2011\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_2011')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_2011')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>2011</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (2)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"mumford-contant-weissman-wolf-glanz-changesinphysicalactivityandtravelbehaviorsinresidentsofamixedusedevelopment-2011\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  Changes in physical activity and travel behaviors in residents of a mixed-use development.\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Mumford, K. G.; Contant, C. K.; Weissman, J.; Wolf, J.;  and Glanz, K.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>American Journal of Preventive Medicine</i>, 41(5): 504–507. November 2011.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2011.07.016\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('mumford-contant-weissman-wolf-glanz-changesinphysicalactivityandtravelbehaviorsinresidentsofamixedusedevelopment-2011', 'http://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2011.07.016', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/mumford-contant-weissman-wolf-glanz-changesinphysicalactivityandtravelbehaviorsinresidentsofamixedusedevelopment-2011\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('mumford-contant-weissman-wolf-glanz-changesinphysicalactivityandtravelbehaviorsinresidentsofamixedusedevelopment-2011')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{mumford_changes_2011,\n\ttitle = {Changes in physical activity and travel behaviors in residents of a mixed-use development},\n\tvolume = {41},\n\tissn = {1873-2607},\n\tdoi = {10.1016/j.amepre.2011.07.016},\n\tabstract = {BACKGROUND: Mixed-use developments may be especially promising settings for encouraging walking and other types of physical activity.\nPURPOSE: This study examined the physical activity and travel behaviors of individuals before and after they relocated to Atlantic Station, a mixed-use redevelopment community in metropolitan Atlanta.\nMETHODS: A survey study was conducted to compare the behaviors, experiences, and attitudes of Atlantic Station residents before and after moving to a mixed-use neighborhood. Data were collected in 2008 and 2009 and analyzed in 2010. Key dependent variables were self-reported physical activity and travel behaviors including walking for recreation and transport, automobile use, and use of public transportation.\nRESULTS: Study participants included 101 adult residents of Atlantic Station, most of whom were female, young, and well educated. There were significant increases in walking for recreation or fitness (46\\%-54\\%; p{\\textless}0.05) and walking for transportation (44\\%-84\\%; p{\\textless}0.001) after moving into the mixed-use development. Respondents also reported reduced automobile travel and increased time spent using public transportation after moving to Atlantic Station. Because this study used individuals as their own controls, there is more control over confounding lifestyle variables compared to cross-sectional studies of individuals living in different neighborhoods.\nCONCLUSIONS: Adults who move to a denser, mixed-use neighborhood increase their levels of walking for both recreation and transportation, decrease their automobile travel, and increase their use of public transportation.},\n\tlanguage = {eng},\n\tnumber = {5},\n\tjournal = {American Journal of Preventive Medicine},\n\tauthor = {Mumford, Karen G. and Contant, Cheryl K. and Weissman, Jennifer and Wolf, Jean and Glanz, Karen},\n\tmonth = nov,\n\tyear = {2011},\n\tpmid = {22011422},\n\tkeywords = {Adult, Automobile Driving, Data Collection, Environment Design, Female, Georgia, Humans, Male, Motor Activity, Recreation, Residence Characteristics, Transportation, Walking},\n\tpages = {504--507},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  BACKGROUND: Mixed-use developments may be especially promising settings for encouraging walking and other types of physical activity. PURPOSE: This study examined the physical activity and travel behaviors of individuals before and after they relocated to Atlantic Station, a mixed-use redevelopment community in metropolitan Atlanta. METHODS: A survey study was conducted to compare the behaviors, experiences, and attitudes of Atlantic Station residents before and after moving to a mixed-use neighborhood. Data were collected in 2008 and 2009 and analyzed in 2010. Key dependent variables were self-reported physical activity and travel behaviors including walking for recreation and transport, automobile use, and use of public transportation. RESULTS: Study participants included 101 adult residents of Atlantic Station, most of whom were female, young, and well educated. There were significant increases in walking for recreation or fitness (46%-54%; p\\textless0.05) and walking for transportation (44%-84%; p\\textless0.001) after moving into the mixed-use development. Respondents also reported reduced automobile travel and increased time spent using public transportation after moving to Atlantic Station. Because this study used individuals as their own controls, there is more control over confounding lifestyle variables compared to cross-sectional studies of individuals living in different neighborhoods. CONCLUSIONS: Adults who move to a denser, mixed-use neighborhood increase their levels of walking for both recreation and transportation, decrease their automobile travel, and increase their use of public transportation.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"fuller-gauvin-kestens-daniel-fournier-morency-drouin-useofanewpublicbicycleshareprograminmontrealcanada-2011\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  Use of a new public bicycle share program in Montreal, Canada.\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Fuller, D.; Gauvin, L.; Kestens, Y.; Daniel, M.; Fournier, M.; Morency, P.;  and Drouin, L.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>American Journal of Preventive Medicine</i>, 41(1): 80–83. July 2011.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2011.03.002\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('fuller-gauvin-kestens-daniel-fournier-morency-drouin-useofanewpublicbicycleshareprograminmontrealcanada-2011', 'http://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2011.03.002', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/fuller-gauvin-kestens-daniel-fournier-morency-drouin-useofanewpublicbicycleshareprograminmontrealcanada-2011\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('fuller-gauvin-kestens-daniel-fournier-morency-drouin-useofanewpublicbicycleshareprograminmontrealcanada-2011')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{fuller_use_2011,\n\ttitle = {Use of a new public bicycle share program in {Montreal}, {Canada}},\n\tvolume = {41},\n\tissn = {1873-2607},\n\tdoi = {10.1016/j.amepre.2011.03.002},\n\tabstract = {BACKGROUND: Cycling contributes to physical activity and health. Public bicycle share programs (PBSPs) increase population access to bicycles by deploying bicycles at docking stations throughout a city. Minimal research has systematically examined the prevalence and correlates of PBSP use.\nPURPOSE: To determine the prevalence and correlates of use of a new public bicycle share program called BIXI (name merges the word BIcycle and taXI) implemented in May 2009 in Montreal, Canada.\nMETHODS: A total of 2502 adults were recruited to a telephone survey in autumn 2009 via random-digit dialing according to a stratified random sampling design. The prevalence of BIXI bicycle use was estimated. Multivariate logistic regression allowed for identification of correlates of use. Data analysis was conducted in spring and summer 2010.\nRESULTS: The unweighted mean age of respondents was 47.4 (SD=16.8) years and 61.4\\% were female. The weighted prevalence for use of BIXI bicycles at least once was 8.2\\%. Significant correlates of BIXI bicycle use were having a BIXI docking station within 250 m of home, being aged 18-24 years, being university educated, being on work leave, and using cycling as the primary mode of transportation to work.\nCONCLUSIONS: A newly implemented public bicycle share program attracts a substantial fraction of the population and is more likely to attract younger and more educated people who currently use cycling as a primary transportation mode.},\n\tlanguage = {eng},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\tjournal = {American Journal of Preventive Medicine},\n\tauthor = {Fuller, Daniel and Gauvin, Lise and Kestens, Yan and Daniel, Mark and Fournier, Michel and Morency, Patrick and Drouin, Louis},\n\tmonth = jul,\n\tyear = {2011},\n\tpmid = {21665067},\n\tkeywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Bicycling, Data Collection, Educational Status, Female, Health Promotion, Humans, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, Multivariate Analysis, Prevalence, Quebec, Residence Characteristics, Transportation, Young Adult},\n\tpages = {80--83},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  BACKGROUND: Cycling contributes to physical activity and health. Public bicycle share programs (PBSPs) increase population access to bicycles by deploying bicycles at docking stations throughout a city. Minimal research has systematically examined the prevalence and correlates of PBSP use. PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence and correlates of use of a new public bicycle share program called BIXI (name merges the word BIcycle and taXI) implemented in May 2009 in Montreal, Canada. METHODS: A total of 2502 adults were recruited to a telephone survey in autumn 2009 via random-digit dialing according to a stratified random sampling design. The prevalence of BIXI bicycle use was estimated. Multivariate logistic regression allowed for identification of correlates of use. Data analysis was conducted in spring and summer 2010. RESULTS: The unweighted mean age of respondents was 47.4 (SD=16.8) years and 61.4% were female. The weighted prevalence for use of BIXI bicycles at least once was 8.2%. Significant correlates of BIXI bicycle use were having a BIXI docking station within 250 m of home, being aged 18-24 years, being university educated, being on work leave, and using cycling as the primary mode of transportation to work. CONCLUSIONS: A newly implemented public bicycle share program attracts a substantial fraction of the population and is more likely to attract younger and more educated people who currently use cycling as a primary transportation mode.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_2010\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_2010')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_2010')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>2010</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (1)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"hosking-macmillan-connor-bullen-ameratunga-organisationaltravelplansforimprovinghealth-2010\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  Organisational travel plans for improving health.\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Hosking, J.; Macmillan, A.; Connor, J.; Bullen, C.;  and Ameratunga, S.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews</i>, (3): CD005575. March 2010.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD005575.pub3\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('hosking-macmillan-connor-bullen-ameratunga-organisationaltravelplansforimprovinghealth-2010', 'http://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD005575.pub3', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/hosking-macmillan-connor-bullen-ameratunga-organisationaltravelplansforimprovinghealth-2010\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('hosking-macmillan-connor-bullen-ameratunga-organisationaltravelplansforimprovinghealth-2010')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{hosking_organisational_2010,\n\ttitle = {Organisational travel plans for improving health},\n\tissn = {1469-493X},\n\tdoi = {10.1002/14651858.CD005575.pub3},\n\tabstract = {BACKGROUND: Dependence on car use has a number of broad health implications, including contributing to physical inactivity, road traffic injury, air pollution and social severance, as well as entrenching lifestyles that require environmentally unsustainable energy use. Travel plans are interventions that aim to reduce single-occupant car use and increase the use of alternatives such as walking, cycling and public transport, with a variety of behavioural and structural components. This review focuses on organisational travel plans for schools, tertiary institutes and workplaces. These plans are closely aligned in their aims and intervention design, having emerged from a shared theoretical base.\nOBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of organisational travel plans on health, either directly measured, or through changes in travel mode.\nSEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the following electronic databases; Transport (1988 to June 2008), MEDLINE (1950 to June 2008), EMBASE (1947 to June 2008), CINAHL (1982 to June 2008), ERIC (1966 to June 2008), PSYCINFO (1806 to June 2008), Sociological Abstracts (1952 to June 2008), BUILD (1989 to 2002), Social Sciences Citation Index (1900 to June 2008), Science Citation Index (1900 to June 2008), Arts \\&amp; Humanities Index (1975 to June 2008), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (to August 2008), CENTRAL (to August 2008), Cochrane Injuries Group Register (to December 2009), C2-RIPE (to July 2008), C2-SPECTR (to July 2008), ProQuest Dissertations \\&amp; Theses (1861 to June 2008). We also searched the reference lists of relevant articles, conference proceedings and Internet sources. We did not restrict the search by date, language or publication status.\nSELECTION CRITERIA: We included randomised controlled trials and controlled before-after studies of travel behaviour change programmes conducted in an organisational setting, where the measured outcome was change in travel mode or health. Both positive and negative health effects were included.\nDATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two authors independently assessed eligibility, assessed trial quality and extracted data.\nMAIN RESULTS: Seventeen studies were included. Ten were conducted in a school setting, two in universities, and five in workplaces. One study directly measured health outcomes, and all included studies measured travel outcomes. Two cluster randomised controlled trials in the school setting showed either no change in travel mode or mixed results. A randomised controlled trial in the workplace setting, conducted in a pre-selected group who were already contemplating or preparing for active travel, found improved health-related quality of life on some sub scales, and increased walking. Two controlled before-after studies found that school travel interventions increased walking. Other studies were judged to be at high risk of bias. No included studies were conducted in low- or middle-income countries, and no studies measured the social distribution of effects or adverse effects, such as injury.\nAUTHORS&#x27; CONCLUSIONS: There is insufficient evidence to determine whether organisational travel plans are effective for improving health or changing travel mode. Organisational travel plans should be considered as complex health promotion interventions, with considerable potential to influence community health outcomes depending on the environmental context in which they are introduced. Given the current lack of evidence, organisational travel plans should be implemented in the context of robustly-designed research studies, such as well-designed cluster randomised trials.},\n\tlanguage = {eng},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\tjournal = {The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews},\n\tauthor = {Hosking, Jamie and Macmillan, Alexandra and Connor, Jennie and Bullen, Chris and Ameratunga, Shanthi},\n\tmonth = mar,\n\tyear = {2010},\n\tpmid = {20238341},\n\tkeywords = {Adult, Automobile Driving, Bicycling, Child, Exercise, Female, Health Promotion, Humans, Male, Organizational Innovation, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Schools, Travel, Walking, Workplace},\n\tpages = {CD005575},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  BACKGROUND: Dependence on car use has a number of broad health implications, including contributing to physical inactivity, road traffic injury, air pollution and social severance, as well as entrenching lifestyles that require environmentally unsustainable energy use. Travel plans are interventions that aim to reduce single-occupant car use and increase the use of alternatives such as walking, cycling and public transport, with a variety of behavioural and structural components. This review focuses on organisational travel plans for schools, tertiary institutes and workplaces. These plans are closely aligned in their aims and intervention design, having emerged from a shared theoretical base. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of organisational travel plans on health, either directly measured, or through changes in travel mode. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the following electronic databases; Transport (1988 to June 2008), MEDLINE (1950 to June 2008), EMBASE (1947 to June 2008), CINAHL (1982 to June 2008), ERIC (1966 to June 2008), PSYCINFO (1806 to June 2008), Sociological Abstracts (1952 to June 2008), BUILD (1989 to 2002), Social Sciences Citation Index (1900 to June 2008), Science Citation Index (1900 to June 2008), Arts & Humanities Index (1975 to June 2008), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (to August 2008), CENTRAL (to August 2008), Cochrane Injuries Group Register (to December 2009), C2-RIPE (to July 2008), C2-SPECTR (to July 2008), ProQuest Dissertations & Theses (1861 to June 2008). We also searched the reference lists of relevant articles, conference proceedings and Internet sources. We did not restrict the search by date, language or publication status. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included randomised controlled trials and controlled before-after studies of travel behaviour change programmes conducted in an organisational setting, where the measured outcome was change in travel mode or health. Both positive and negative health effects were included. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two authors independently assessed eligibility, assessed trial quality and extracted data. MAIN RESULTS: Seventeen studies were included. Ten were conducted in a school setting, two in universities, and five in workplaces. One study directly measured health outcomes, and all included studies measured travel outcomes. Two cluster randomised controlled trials in the school setting showed either no change in travel mode or mixed results. A randomised controlled trial in the workplace setting, conducted in a pre-selected group who were already contemplating or preparing for active travel, found improved health-related quality of life on some sub scales, and increased walking. Two controlled before-after studies found that school travel interventions increased walking. Other studies were judged to be at high risk of bias. No included studies were conducted in low- or middle-income countries, and no studies measured the social distribution of effects or adverse effects, such as injury. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: There is insufficient evidence to determine whether organisational travel plans are effective for improving health or changing travel mode. Organisational travel plans should be considered as complex health promotion interventions, with considerable potential to influence community health outcomes depending on the environmental context in which they are introduced. Given the current lack of evidence, organisational travel plans should be implemented in the context of robustly-designed research studies, such as well-designed cluster randomised trials.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_undefined\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_undefined')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_undefined')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>undefined</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (2)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"anonymous-impactsofbuiltenvironmentandemerginggreentechnologiesondailytransportationgreenhousegasemissionsinquebeccitiesadisaggregatemodelingapproachtextbarspringerlink\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11116-015-9631-0\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'anonymous-impactsofbuiltenvironmentandemerginggreentechnologiesondailytransportationgreenhousegasemissionsinquebeccitiesadisaggregatemodelingapproachtextbarspringerlink', 'https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11116-015-9631-0', event);\">\n    Impacts of built environment and emerging green technologies on daily transportation greenhouse gas emissions in Quebec cities: a disaggregate modeling approach \\textbar SpringerLink.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  \n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n   \n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11116-015-9631-0\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('anonymous-impactsofbuiltenvironmentandemerginggreentechnologiesondailytransportationgreenhousegasemissionsinquebeccitiesadisaggregatemodelingapproachtextbarspringerlink', 'https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11116-015-9631-0', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"Impacts of built environment and emerging green technologies on daily transportation greenhouse gas emissions in Quebec cities: a disaggregate modeling approach \\textbar SpringerLink [link]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/anonymous-impactsofbuiltenvironmentandemerginggreentechnologiesondailytransportationgreenhousegasemissionsinquebeccitiesadisaggregatemodelingapproachtextbarspringerlink\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('anonymous-impactsofbuiltenvironmentandemerginggreentechnologiesondailytransportationgreenhousegasemissionsinquebeccitiesadisaggregatemodelingapproachtextbarspringerlink')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@misc{noauthor_impacts_nodate,\n\ttitle = {Impacts of built environment and emerging green technologies on daily transportation greenhouse gas emissions in {Quebec} cities: a disaggregate modeling approach {\\textbar} {SpringerLink}},\n\turl = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11116-015-9631-0},\n\turldate = {2019-02-26},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"anonymous-perceptionsofwalkabilityanddeterminantsofwalkingbehaviouramongurbanseniorsintorontocanadasciencedirect\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214140517306448\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'anonymous-perceptionsofwalkabilityanddeterminantsofwalkingbehaviouramongurbanseniorsintorontocanadasciencedirect', 'https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214140517306448', event);\">\n    Perceptions of walkability and determinants of walking behaviour among urban seniors in Toronto, Canada - ScienceDirect.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  \n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n   \n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214140517306448\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('anonymous-perceptionsofwalkabilityanddeterminantsofwalkingbehaviouramongurbanseniorsintorontocanadasciencedirect', 'https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214140517306448', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"Perceptions of walkability and determinants of walking behaviour among urban seniors in Toronto, Canada - ScienceDirect [link]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/anonymous-perceptionsofwalkabilityanddeterminantsofwalkingbehaviouramongurbanseniorsintorontocanadasciencedirect\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('anonymous-perceptionsofwalkabilityanddeterminantsofwalkingbehaviouramongurbanseniorsintorontocanadasciencedirect')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@misc{noauthor_perceptions_nodate,\n\ttitle = {Perceptions of walkability and determinants of walking behaviour among urban seniors in {Toronto}, {Canada} - {ScienceDirect}},\n\turl = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214140517306448},\n\turldate = {2019-02-26},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n\n\n\n  </div>\n\n\n  <!-- Modal -->\n\n  <!-- <iframe id=\"bibbase_network_frame\" -->\n  <!--         src=\"//bibbase.org/network/control\" -->\n  <!--         style=\"display: none;\"> -->\n  <!-- </iframe> -->\n\n</div>\n"}; 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