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\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Horizontal acquisition of Symbiodiniaceae in the Anemonia viridis (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) species complex.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Porro, B.; Zamoum, T.; Mallien, C.; Hume, B. C. C.; Voolstra, C. R.; Röttinger, E.; Furla, P.; and Forcioli, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n
Molecular Ecology, 30(2): 391–405. January 2021.\n
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\n\n \n \n ![\"Horizontal](\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t "\\"Paper\\"\n\t")
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@article{porro_horizontal_2021,\n\ttitle = {Horizontal acquisition of {Symbiodiniaceae} in the \\textit{{Anemonia} viridis} ({Cnidaria}, {Anthozoa}) species complex},\n\tvolume = {30},\n\tissn = {0962-1083, 1365-294X},\n\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/mec.15755},\n\tdoi = {10.1111/mec.15755},\n\tabstract = {Abstract\n \n All metazoans are in fact holobionts, resulting from the association of several organisms, and organismal adaptation is then due to the composite response of this association to the environment. Deciphering the mechanisms of symbiont acquisition in a holobiont is therefore essential to understanding the extent of its adaptive capacities. In cnidarians, some species acquire their photosynthetic symbionts directly from their parents (vertical transmission) but may also acquire symbionts from the environment (horizontal acquisition) at the adult stage. The Mediterranean snakelocks sea anemone,\n Anemonia viridis\n (Forskål, 1775), passes down symbionts from one generation to the next by vertical transmission, but the capacity for such horizontal acquisition is still unexplored. To unravel the flexibility of the association between the different host lineages identified in\n A. viridis\n and its Symbiodiniaceae, we genotyped both the animal hosts and their symbiont communities in members of host clones in five different locations in the North Western Mediterranean Sea. The composition of within‐host–symbiont populations was more dependent on the geographical origin of the hosts than their membership to a given lineage or even to a given clone. Additionally, similarities in host–symbiont communities were greater among genets (\n i.e\n . among different clones) than among ramets (\n i.e\n . among members of the same given clonal genotype). Taken together, our results demonstrate that\n A. viridis\n may form associations with a range of symbiotic dinoflagellates and suggest a capacity for horizontal acquisition. A mixed‐mode transmission strategy in\n A. viridis\n , as we posit here, may help explain the large phenotypic plasticity that characterizes this anemone.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2024-01-16},\n\tjournal = {Molecular Ecology},\n\tauthor = {Porro, Barbara and Zamoum, Thamilla and Mallien, Cédric and Hume, Benjamin C. C. and Voolstra, Christian R. and Röttinger, Eric and Furla, Paola and Forcioli, Didier},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2021},\n\tpages = {391--405},\n}\n\n\n
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\n Abstract All metazoans are in fact holobionts, resulting from the association of several organisms, and organismal adaptation is then due to the composite response of this association to the environment. Deciphering the mechanisms of symbiont acquisition in a holobiont is therefore essential to understanding the extent of its adaptive capacities. In cnidarians, some species acquire their photosynthetic symbionts directly from their parents (vertical transmission) but may also acquire symbionts from the environment (horizontal acquisition) at the adult stage. The Mediterranean snakelocks sea anemone, Anemonia viridis (Forskål, 1775), passes down symbionts from one generation to the next by vertical transmission, but the capacity for such horizontal acquisition is still unexplored. To unravel the flexibility of the association between the different host lineages identified in A. viridis and its Symbiodiniaceae, we genotyped both the animal hosts and their symbiont communities in members of host clones in five different locations in the North Western Mediterranean Sea. The composition of within‐host–symbiont populations was more dependent on the geographical origin of the hosts than their membership to a given lineage or even to a given clone. Additionally, similarities in host–symbiont communities were greater among genets ( i.e . among different clones) than among ramets ( i.e . among members of the same given clonal genotype). Taken together, our results demonstrate that A. viridis may form associations with a range of symbiotic dinoflagellates and suggest a capacity for horizontal acquisition. A mixed‐mode transmission strategy in A. viridis , as we posit here, may help explain the large phenotypic plasticity that characterizes this anemone.\n
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\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The discernible and hidden effects of clonality on the genotypic and genetic states of populations: Improving our estimation of clonal rates.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Stoeckel, S.; Porro, B.; and Arnaud‐Haond, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n
Molecular Ecology Resources, 21(4): 1068–1084. May 2021.\n
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@article{stoeckel_discernible_2021,\n\ttitle = {The discernible and hidden effects of clonality on the genotypic and genetic states of populations: {Improving} our estimation of clonal rates},\n\tvolume = {21},\n\tissn = {1755-098X, 1755-0998},\n\tshorttitle = {The discernible and hidden effects of clonality on the genotypic and genetic states of populations},\n\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1755-0998.13316},\n\tdoi = {10.1111/1755-0998.13316},\n\tabstract = {Abstract\n \n Partial clonality is widespread across the tree of life, but most population genetic models are designed for exclusively clonal or sexual organisms. This gap hampers our understanding of the influence of clonality on evolutionary trajectories and the interpretation of population genetic data. We performed forward simulations of diploid populations at increasing rates of clonality (\n c\n ), analysed their relationships with genotypic (clonal richness,\n R\n , and distribution of clonal sizes, Pareto\n β\n ) and genetic (\n F\n IS\n and linkage disequilibrium) indices, and tested predictions of\n c\n from population genetic data through supervised machine learning. Two complementary behaviours emerged from the probability distributions of genotypic and genetic indices with increasing\n c\n . While the impact of\n c\n on\n R\n and Pareto\n β\n was easily described by simple mathematical equations, its effects on genetic indices were noticeable only at the highest levels (\n c\n {\\textgreater} 0.95). Consequently, genotypic indices allowed reliable estimates of\n c\n , while genetic descriptors led to poorer performances when\n c\n {\\textless} 0.95. These results provide clear baseline expectations for genotypic and genetic diversity and dynamics under partial clonality. Worryingly, however, the use of realistic sample sizes to acquire empirical data systematically led to gross underestimates (often of one to two orders of magnitude) of\n c\n , suggesting that many interpretations hitherto proposed in the literature, mostly based on genotypic richness, should be reappraised. We propose future avenues to derive realistic confidence intervals for\n c\n and show that, although still approximate, a supervised learning method would greatly improve the estimation of\n c\n from population genetic data.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2024-01-16},\n\tjournal = {Molecular Ecology Resources},\n\tauthor = {Stoeckel, Solenn and Porro, Barbara and Arnaud‐Haond, Sophie},\n\tmonth = may,\n\tyear = {2021},\n\tpages = {1068--1084},\n}\n\n\n
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\n Abstract Partial clonality is widespread across the tree of life, but most population genetic models are designed for exclusively clonal or sexual organisms. This gap hampers our understanding of the influence of clonality on evolutionary trajectories and the interpretation of population genetic data. We performed forward simulations of diploid populations at increasing rates of clonality ( c ), analysed their relationships with genotypic (clonal richness, R , and distribution of clonal sizes, Pareto β ) and genetic ( F IS and linkage disequilibrium) indices, and tested predictions of c from population genetic data through supervised machine learning. Two complementary behaviours emerged from the probability distributions of genotypic and genetic indices with increasing c . While the impact of c on R and Pareto β was easily described by simple mathematical equations, its effects on genetic indices were noticeable only at the highest levels ( c \\textgreater 0.95). Consequently, genotypic indices allowed reliable estimates of c , while genetic descriptors led to poorer performances when c \\textless 0.95. These results provide clear baseline expectations for genotypic and genetic diversity and dynamics under partial clonality. Worryingly, however, the use of realistic sample sizes to acquire empirical data systematically led to gross underestimates (often of one to two orders of magnitude) of c , suggesting that many interpretations hitherto proposed in the literature, mostly based on genotypic richness, should be reappraised. We propose future avenues to derive realistic confidence intervals for c and show that, although still approximate, a supervised learning method would greatly improve the estimation of c from population genetic data.\n
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