var bibbase_data = {"data":"<img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/ajax-loader.gif\" id=\"spinner\"\n  style=\"display: none;\" alt=\"Loading..\" />\n\n<div id=\"bibbase\">\n\n  <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n    var bibbase = {\n      params: {\"bib\":\"https://bibbase.org/network/files/sp5AskrDyaYnjoEzE\",\"noBootstrap\":\"1\",\"jsonp\":\"1\",\"host\":\"bibbase.org\"},\n      data: [{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Nanomechanical property evaluation of tungsten thin film via frequency-domain photoacoustic microscopy\",\"volume\":\"742\",\"issn\":\"00406090\",\"url\":\"https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0040609021005332\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.tsf.2021.139050\",\"language\":\"en\",\"urldate\":\"2022-01-08\",\"journal\":\"Thin Solid Films\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Wang\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ziwei\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Balogun\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Oluwaseyi\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kim\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Yun\",\"Young\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"January\",\"year\":\"2022\",\"pages\":\"139050\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{wang_nanomechanical_2022,\\n\\ttitle = {Nanomechanical property evaluation of tungsten thin film via frequency-domain photoacoustic microscopy},\\n\\tvolume = {742},\\n\\tissn = {00406090},\\n\\turl = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0040609021005332},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1016/j.tsf.2021.139050},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\turldate = {2022-01-08},\\n\\tjournal = {Thin Solid Films},\\n\\tauthor = {Wang, Ziwei and Balogun, Oluwaseyi and Kim, Yun Young},\\n\\tmonth = jan,\\n\\tyear = {2022},\\n\\tpages = {139050},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Wang, Z.\",\"Balogun, O.\",\"Kim, Y. Y.\"],\"key\":\"wang_nanomechanical_2022\",\"id\":\"wang_nanomechanical_2022\",\"bibbaseid\":\"wang-balogun-kim-nanomechanicalpropertyevaluationoftungstenthinfilmviafrequencydomainphotoacousticmicroscopy-2022\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0040609021005332\"},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Microscale Imaging of Thermal Conductivity Suppression at Grain Boundaries\",\"volume\":\"n/a\",\"copyright\":\"© 2023 The Authors. Advanced Materials published by Wiley-VCH GmbH\",\"issn\":\"1521-4095\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/adma.202302777\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/adma.202302777\",\"abstract\":\"Grain-boundary engineering is an effective strategy to tune the thermal conductivity of materials, leading to improved performance in thermoelectric, thermal-barrier coatings, and thermal management applications. Despite the central importance to thermal transport, a clear understanding of how grain boundaries modulate the microscale heat flow is missing, owing to the scarcity of local investigations. Here, thermal imaging of individual grain boundaries is demonstrated in thermoelectric SnTe via spatially resolved frequency-domain thermoreflectance. Measurements with microscale resolution reveal local suppressions in thermal conductivity at grain boundaries. Also, the grain-boundary thermal resistance – extracted by employing a Gibbs excess approach – is found to be correlated with the grain-boundary misorientation angle. Extracting thermal properties, including thermal boundary resistances, from microscale imaging can provide comprehensive understanding of how microstructure affects heat transport, crucially impacting the materials design of high-performance thermal-management and energy-conversion devices.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"n/a\",\"urldate\":\"2023-09-20\",\"journal\":\"Advanced Materials\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Isotta\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Eleonora\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jiang\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Shizhou\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Moller\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Gregory\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Zevalkink\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Alexandra\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Snyder\"],\"firstnames\":[\"G.\",\"Jeffrey\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Balogun\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Oluwaseyi\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"June\",\"year\":\"2023\",\"keywords\":\"frequency domain thermoreflectance, Gibbs excess, grain boundaries, Kapitza resistance, SnTe, thermal conductivity, thermal imaging\",\"pages\":\"2302777\",\"file\":\"Full Text PDF:C\\\\:\\\\\\\\Users\\\\\\\\Evan\\\\\\\\Zotero\\\\\\\\storage\\\\\\\\ZK3V6DC5\\\\\\\\Isotta et al. - Microscale Imaging of Thermal Conductivity Suppres.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:C\\\\:\\\\\\\\Users\\\\\\\\Evan\\\\\\\\Zotero\\\\\\\\storage\\\\\\\\RC998AYL\\\\\\\\adma.html:text/html\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{isotta_microscale_2023,\\n\\ttitle = {Microscale {Imaging} of {Thermal} {Conductivity} {Suppression} at {Grain} {Boundaries}},\\n\\tvolume = {n/a},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2023 The Authors. Advanced Materials published by Wiley-VCH GmbH},\\n\\tissn = {1521-4095},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/adma.202302777},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1002/adma.202302777},\\n\\tabstract = {Grain-boundary engineering is an effective strategy to tune the thermal conductivity of materials, leading to improved performance in thermoelectric, thermal-barrier coatings, and thermal management applications. Despite the central importance to thermal transport, a clear understanding of how grain boundaries modulate the microscale heat flow is missing, owing to the scarcity of local investigations. Here, thermal imaging of individual grain boundaries is demonstrated in thermoelectric SnTe via spatially resolved frequency-domain thermoreflectance. Measurements with microscale resolution reveal local suppressions in thermal conductivity at grain boundaries. Also, the grain-boundary thermal resistance – extracted by employing a Gibbs excess approach – is found to be correlated with the grain-boundary misorientation angle. Extracting thermal properties, including thermal boundary resistances, from microscale imaging can provide comprehensive understanding of how microstructure affects heat transport, crucially impacting the materials design of high-performance thermal-management and energy-conversion devices.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {n/a},\\n\\turldate = {2023-09-20},\\n\\tjournal = {Advanced Materials},\\n\\tauthor = {Isotta, Eleonora and Jiang, Shizhou and Moller, Gregory and Zevalkink, Alexandra and Snyder, G. Jeffrey and Balogun, Oluwaseyi},\\n\\tmonth = jun,\\n\\tyear = {2023},\\n\\tkeywords = {frequency domain thermoreflectance, Gibbs excess, grain boundaries, Kapitza resistance, SnTe, thermal conductivity, thermal imaging},\\n\\tpages = {2302777},\\n\\tfile = {Full Text PDF:C\\\\:\\\\\\\\Users\\\\\\\\Evan\\\\\\\\Zotero\\\\\\\\storage\\\\\\\\ZK3V6DC5\\\\\\\\Isotta et al. - Microscale Imaging of Thermal Conductivity Suppres.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:C\\\\:\\\\\\\\Users\\\\\\\\Evan\\\\\\\\Zotero\\\\\\\\storage\\\\\\\\RC998AYL\\\\\\\\adma.html:text/html},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Isotta, E.\",\"Jiang, S.\",\"Moller, G.\",\"Zevalkink, A.\",\"Snyder, G. J.\",\"Balogun, O.\"],\"key\":\"isotta_microscale_2023\",\"id\":\"isotta_microscale_2023\",\"bibbaseid\":\"isotta-jiang-moller-zevalkink-snyder-balogun-microscaleimagingofthermalconductivitysuppressionatgrainboundaries-2023\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/adma.202302777\"},\"keyword\":[\"frequency domain thermoreflectance\",\"Gibbs excess\",\"grain boundaries\",\"Kapitza resistance\",\"SnTe\",\"thermal conductivity\",\"thermal imaging\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Molecular Dynamics Modeling of Thermal Conductivity of Several Hydrocarbon Base Oils\",\"volume\":\"71\",\"issn\":\"1573-2711\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-023-01738-z\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s11249-023-01738-z\",\"abstract\":\"This paper is on determination of the thermal conductivities of several hydrocarbon base oils by means of non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations using two different force fields. It aims to explore a simulation-based method for lubricant molecular design and analysis concerning heat transfer in electrical vehicle lubrication. Argon was analyzed as a reference for method evaluation, and the results reveal that the calculated conductivity strongly depends on the size of the computational domain. However, for hydrocarbon base oils, the dependence on computation domain size is less prominent as the domain size increases. The method of direct calculation in a sufficiently large computation domain and that of reciprocal extrapolation with data calculated in a much smaller domain are both applicable, and each has a certain value in oil conductivity calculation. The calculated conductivities show certain overpredictions when compared with experimentally measured results, and the overprediction factor is related to number of carbon atoms of the liquid molecules. The results reveal that the thermal conductivity of a single-chain hydrocarbon liquid is linearly proportional to the number of carbon atoms. While each additional branch increases thermal conductivity slightly, the presence of multiple branches reduces it from the ideal linear relationship. A set of equations was formulated to correlate hydrocarbon liquid thermal conductivity with molecular characteristics in terms of number of carbon atoms and number of branches.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"2\",\"urldate\":\"2023-09-20\",\"journal\":\"Tribology Letters\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ahmed\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jannat\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Wang\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Q.\",\"Jane\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Balogun\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Oluwaseyi\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ren\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ning\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"England\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Roger\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lockwood\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Frances\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"May\",\"year\":\"2023\",\"keywords\":\"Force fields, Hydrocarbon base oils, MD simulation, Size effect, Thermal conductivity\",\"pages\":\"70\",\"file\":\"Full Text PDF:C\\\\:\\\\\\\\Users\\\\\\\\Evan\\\\\\\\Zotero\\\\\\\\storage\\\\D̋35I6B8\\\\\\\\Ahmed et al. - 2023 - Molecular Dynamics Modeling of Thermal Conductivit.pdf:application/pdf\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{ahmed_molecular_2023,\\n\\ttitle = {Molecular {Dynamics} {Modeling} of {Thermal} {Conductivity} of {Several} {Hydrocarbon} {Base} {Oils}},\\n\\tvolume = {71},\\n\\tissn = {1573-2711},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-023-01738-z},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s11249-023-01738-z},\\n\\tabstract = {This paper is on determination of the thermal conductivities of several hydrocarbon base oils by means of non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations using two different force fields. It aims to explore a simulation-based method for lubricant molecular design and analysis concerning heat transfer in electrical vehicle lubrication. Argon was analyzed as a reference for method evaluation, and the results reveal that the calculated conductivity strongly depends on the size of the computational domain. However, for hydrocarbon base oils, the dependence on computation domain size is less prominent as the domain size increases. The method of direct calculation in a sufficiently large computation domain and that of reciprocal extrapolation with data calculated in a much smaller domain are both applicable, and each has a certain value in oil conductivity calculation. The calculated conductivities show certain overpredictions when compared with experimentally measured results, and the overprediction factor is related to number of carbon atoms of the liquid molecules. The results reveal that the thermal conductivity of a single-chain hydrocarbon liquid is linearly proportional to the number of carbon atoms. While each additional branch increases thermal conductivity slightly, the presence of multiple branches reduces it from the ideal linear relationship. A set of equations was formulated to correlate hydrocarbon liquid thermal conductivity with molecular characteristics in terms of number of carbon atoms and number of branches.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {2},\\n\\turldate = {2023-09-20},\\n\\tjournal = {Tribology Letters},\\n\\tauthor = {Ahmed, Jannat and Wang, Q. Jane and Balogun, Oluwaseyi and Ren, Ning and England, Roger and Lockwood, Frances},\\n\\tmonth = may,\\n\\tyear = {2023},\\n\\tkeywords = {Force fields, Hydrocarbon base oils, MD simulation, Size effect, Thermal conductivity},\\n\\tpages = {70},\\n\\tfile = {Full Text PDF:C\\\\:\\\\\\\\Users\\\\\\\\Evan\\\\\\\\Zotero\\\\\\\\storage\\\\\\\\HD35I6B8\\\\\\\\Ahmed et al. - 2023 - Molecular Dynamics Modeling of Thermal Conductivit.pdf:application/pdf},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Ahmed, J.\",\"Wang, Q. J.\",\"Balogun, O.\",\"Ren, N.\",\"England, R.\",\"Lockwood, F.\"],\"key\":\"ahmed_molecular_2023\",\"id\":\"ahmed_molecular_2023\",\"bibbaseid\":\"ahmed-wang-balogun-ren-england-lockwood-moleculardynamicsmodelingofthermalconductivityofseveralhydrocarbonbaseoils-2023\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-023-01738-z\"},\"keyword\":[\"Force fields\",\"Hydrocarbon base oils\",\"MD simulation\",\"Size effect\",\"Thermal conductivity\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"misc\",\"type\":\"misc\",\"title\":\"Quantitative Characterization of the Anisotropic Thermal Properties of Encapsulated Two-Dimensional MoS2 Nanofilms \\\\textbar ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces\",\"url\":\"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acsami.2c18755\",\"urldate\":\"2023-09-20\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lebedev\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Dmitry\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jiang\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Shizhou\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"firstnames\":[],\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Andrews, Loren\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"firstnames\":[],\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Gish, J Tyler\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"firstnames\":[],\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Song, Thomas W\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"firstnames\":[],\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hersam, Mark C\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"firstnames\":[],\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Balogun, Oluwaseyi\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"February\",\"year\":\"2023\",\"file\":\"Quantitative Characterization of the Anisotropic Thermal Properties of Encapsulated Two-Dimensional MoS2 Nanofilms | ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces:C\\\\:\\\\\\\\Users\\\\\\\\Evan\\\\\\\\Zotero\\\\\\\\storage\\\\\\\\EGQJG7QQ\\\\\\\\acsami.html:text/html\",\"bibtex\":\"@misc{lebedev_quantitative_2023,\\n\\ttitle = {Quantitative {Characterization} of the {Anisotropic} {Thermal} {Properties} of {Encapsulated} {Two}-{Dimensional} {MoS2} {Nanofilms} {\\\\textbar} {ACS} {Applied} {Materials} \\\\& {Interfaces}},\\n\\turl = {https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acsami.2c18755},\\n\\turldate = {2023-09-20},\\n\\tauthor = {Lebedev, Dmitry and Jiang, Shizhou and {Andrews, Loren} and {Gish, J Tyler} and {Song, Thomas W} and {Hersam, Mark C} and {Balogun, Oluwaseyi}},\\n\\tmonth = feb,\\n\\tyear = {2023},\\n\\tfile = {Quantitative Characterization of the Anisotropic Thermal Properties of Encapsulated Two-Dimensional MoS2 Nanofilms | ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces:C\\\\:\\\\\\\\Users\\\\\\\\Evan\\\\\\\\Zotero\\\\\\\\storage\\\\\\\\EGQJG7QQ\\\\\\\\acsami.html:text/html},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Lebedev, D.\",\"Jiang, S.\",\"Andrews, Loren\",\"Gish, J Tyler\",\"Song, Thomas W\",\"Hersam, Mark C\",\"Balogun, Oluwaseyi\"],\"key\":\"lebedev_quantitative_2023\",\"id\":\"lebedev_quantitative_2023\",\"bibbaseid\":\"lebedev-jiang-andrews-gish-song-hersam-balogun-quantitativecharacterizationoftheanisotropicthermalpropertiesofencapsulatedtwodimensionalmos2nanofilmstextbaracsappliedmaterialsinterfaces-2023\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acsami.2c18755\"},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"GAN-DUF: Hierarchical Deep Generative Models for Design Under Free-Form Geometric Uncertainty\",\"volume\":\"145\",\"issn\":\"1050-0472\",\"shorttitle\":\"GAN-DUF\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4055898\",\"doi\":\"10.1115/1.4055898\",\"abstract\":\"Deep generative models have demonstrated effectiveness in learning compact and expressive design representations that significantly improve geometric design optimization. However, these models do not consider the uncertainty introduced by manufacturing or fabrication. The past work that quantifies such uncertainty often makes simplifying assumptions on geometric variations, while the “real-world,” “free-form” uncertainty and its impact on design performance are difficult to quantify due to the high dimensionality. To address this issue, we propose a generative adversarial network-based design under uncertainty framework (GAN-DUF), which contains a deep generative model that simultaneously learns a compact representation of nominal (ideal) designs and the conditional distribution of fabricated designs given any nominal design. This opens up new possibilities of (1) building a universal uncertainty quantification model compatible with both shape and topological designs, (2) modeling free-form geometric uncertainties without the need to make any assumptions on the distribution of geometric variability, and (3) allowing fast prediction of uncertainties for new nominal designs. We can combine the proposed deep generative model with robust design optimization or reliability-based design optimization for design under uncertainty. We demonstrated the framework on two real-world engineering design examples and showed its capability of finding the solution that possesses better performance after fabrication.\",\"number\":\"011703\",\"urldate\":\"2023-09-20\",\"journal\":\"Journal of Mechanical Design\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Chen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Wei\",\"(Wayne)\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lee\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Doksoo\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Balogun\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Oluwaseyi\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Chen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Wei\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"October\",\"year\":\"2022\",\"file\":\"Full Text PDF:C\\\\:\\\\\\\\Users\\\\\\\\Evan\\\\\\\\Zotero\\\\\\\\storage\\\\\\\\7GQCVJS6\\\\\\\\Chen et al. - 2022 - GAN-DUF Hierarchical Deep Generative Models for D.pdf:application/pdf\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{chen_gan-duf_2022,\\n\\ttitle = {{GAN}-{DUF}: {Hierarchical} {Deep} {Generative} {Models} for {Design} {Under} {Free}-{Form} {Geometric} {Uncertainty}},\\n\\tvolume = {145},\\n\\tissn = {1050-0472},\\n\\tshorttitle = {{GAN}-{DUF}},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4055898},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1115/1.4055898},\\n\\tabstract = {Deep generative models have demonstrated effectiveness in learning compact and expressive design representations that significantly improve geometric design optimization. However, these models do not consider the uncertainty introduced by manufacturing or fabrication. The past work that quantifies such uncertainty often makes simplifying assumptions on geometric variations, while the “real-world,” “free-form” uncertainty and its impact on design performance are difficult to quantify due to the high dimensionality. To address this issue, we propose a generative adversarial network-based design under uncertainty framework (GAN-DUF), which contains a deep generative model that simultaneously learns a compact representation of nominal (ideal) designs and the conditional distribution of fabricated designs given any nominal design. This opens up new possibilities of (1) building a universal uncertainty quantification model compatible with both shape and topological designs, (2) modeling free-form geometric uncertainties without the need to make any assumptions on the distribution of geometric variability, and (3) allowing fast prediction of uncertainties for new nominal designs. We can combine the proposed deep generative model with robust design optimization or reliability-based design optimization for design under uncertainty. We demonstrated the framework on two real-world engineering design examples and showed its capability of finding the solution that possesses better performance after fabrication.},\\n\\tnumber = {011703},\\n\\turldate = {2023-09-20},\\n\\tjournal = {Journal of Mechanical Design},\\n\\tauthor = {Chen, Wei (Wayne) and Lee, Doksoo and Balogun, Oluwaseyi and Chen, Wei},\\n\\tmonth = oct,\\n\\tyear = {2022},\\n\\tfile = {Full Text PDF:C\\\\:\\\\\\\\Users\\\\\\\\Evan\\\\\\\\Zotero\\\\\\\\storage\\\\\\\\7GQCVJS6\\\\\\\\Chen et al. - 2022 - GAN-DUF Hierarchical Deep Generative Models for D.pdf:application/pdf},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Chen, W. (.\",\"Lee, D.\",\"Balogun, O.\",\"Chen, W.\"],\"key\":\"chen_gan-duf_2022\",\"id\":\"chen_gan-duf_2022\",\"bibbaseid\":\"chen-lee-balogun-chen-gandufhierarchicaldeepgenerativemodelsfordesignunderfreeformgeometricuncertainty-2022\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4055898\"},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Tailoring polyvinyl alcohol-sodium alginate (PVA-SA) hydrogel beads by controlling crosslinking pH and time\",\"volume\":\"12\",\"copyright\":\"2022 The Author(s)\",\"issn\":\"2045-2322\",\"url\":\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-25111-7\",\"doi\":\"10.1038/s41598-022-25111-7\",\"abstract\":\"Hydrogel-encapsulated catalysts are an attractive tool for low-cost intensification of (bio)-processes. Polyvinyl alcohol-sodium alginate hydrogels crosslinked with boric acid and post-cured with sulfate (PVA-SA-BS) have been applied in bioproduction and water treatment processes, but the low pH required for crosslinking may negatively affect biocatalyst functionality. Here, we investigate how crosslinking pH (3, 4, and 5) and time (1, 2, and 8 h) affect the physicochemical, elastic, and process properties of PVA-SA-BS beads. Overall, bead properties were most affected by crosslinking pH. Beads produced at pH 3 and 4 were smaller and contained larger internal cavities, while optical coherence tomography suggested polymer cross-linking density was higher. Optical coherence elastography revealed PVA-SA-BS beads produced at pH 3 and 4 were stiffer than pH 5 beads. Dextran Blue release showed that pH 3-produced beads enabled higher diffusion rates and were more porous. Last, over a 28-day incubation, pH 3 and 4 beads lost more microspheres (as cell proxies) than beads produced at pH 5, while the latter released more polymer material. Overall, this study provides a path forward to tailor PVA-SA-BS hydrogel bead properties towards a broad range of applications, such as chemical, enzymatic, and microbially catalyzed (bio)-processes.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"1\",\"urldate\":\"2023-09-20\",\"journal\":\"Scientific Reports\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Candry\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Pieter\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Godfrey\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Bruce\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Wang\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ziwei\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sabba\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Fabrizio\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Dieppa\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Evan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Fudge\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Julia\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Balogun\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Oluwaseyi\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Wells\"],\"firstnames\":[\"George\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Winkler\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Mari-Karoliina\",\"Henriikka\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"December\",\"year\":\"2022\",\"note\":\"Number: 1 Publisher: Nature Publishing Group\",\"keywords\":\"Biotechnology, Chemical engineering, Gels and hydrogels\",\"pages\":\"20822\",\"file\":\"Full Text PDF:C\\\\:\\\\\\\\Users\\\\\\\\Evan\\\\\\\\Zotero\\\\\\\\storage\\\\\\\\X8X9BHUF\\\\\\\\Candry et al. - 2022 - Tailoring polyvinyl alcohol-sodium alginate (PVA-S.pdf:application/pdf\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{candry_tailoring_2022,\\n\\ttitle = {Tailoring polyvinyl alcohol-sodium alginate ({PVA}-{SA}) hydrogel beads by controlling crosslinking {pH} and time},\\n\\tvolume = {12},\\n\\tcopyright = {2022 The Author(s)},\\n\\tissn = {2045-2322},\\n\\turl = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-25111-7},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1038/s41598-022-25111-7},\\n\\tabstract = {Hydrogel-encapsulated catalysts are an attractive tool for low-cost intensification of (bio)-processes. Polyvinyl alcohol-sodium alginate hydrogels crosslinked with boric acid and post-cured with sulfate (PVA-SA-BS) have been applied in bioproduction and water treatment processes, but the low pH required for crosslinking may negatively affect biocatalyst functionality. Here, we investigate how crosslinking pH (3, 4, and 5) and time (1, 2, and 8 h) affect the physicochemical, elastic, and process properties of PVA-SA-BS beads. Overall, bead properties were most affected by crosslinking pH. Beads produced at pH 3 and 4 were smaller and contained larger internal cavities, while optical coherence tomography suggested polymer cross-linking density was higher. Optical coherence elastography revealed PVA-SA-BS beads produced at pH 3 and 4 were stiffer than pH 5 beads. Dextran Blue release showed that pH 3-produced beads enabled higher diffusion rates and were more porous. Last, over a 28-day incubation, pH 3 and 4 beads lost more microspheres (as cell proxies) than beads produced at pH 5, while the latter released more polymer material. Overall, this study provides a path forward to tailor PVA-SA-BS hydrogel bead properties towards a broad range of applications, such as chemical, enzymatic, and microbially catalyzed (bio)-processes.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {1},\\n\\turldate = {2023-09-20},\\n\\tjournal = {Scientific Reports},\\n\\tauthor = {Candry, Pieter and Godfrey, Bruce J. and Wang, Ziwei and Sabba, Fabrizio and Dieppa, Evan and Fudge, Julia and Balogun, Oluwaseyi and Wells, George and Winkler, Mari-Karoliina Henriikka},\\n\\tmonth = dec,\\n\\tyear = {2022},\\n\\tnote = {Number: 1\\nPublisher: Nature Publishing Group},\\n\\tkeywords = {Biotechnology, Chemical engineering, Gels and hydrogels},\\n\\tpages = {20822},\\n\\tfile = {Full Text PDF:C\\\\:\\\\\\\\Users\\\\\\\\Evan\\\\\\\\Zotero\\\\\\\\storage\\\\\\\\X8X9BHUF\\\\\\\\Candry et al. - 2022 - Tailoring polyvinyl alcohol-sodium alginate (PVA-S.pdf:application/pdf},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Candry, P.\",\"Godfrey, B. J.\",\"Wang, Z.\",\"Sabba, F.\",\"Dieppa, E.\",\"Fudge, J.\",\"Balogun, O.\",\"Wells, G.\",\"Winkler, M. H.\"],\"key\":\"candry_tailoring_2022\",\"id\":\"candry_tailoring_2022\",\"bibbaseid\":\"candry-godfrey-wang-sabba-dieppa-fudge-balogun-wells-etal-tailoringpolyvinylalcoholsodiumalginatepvasahydrogelbeadsbycontrollingcrosslinkingphandtime-2022\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-25111-7\"},\"keyword\":[\"Biotechnology\",\"Chemical engineering\",\"Gels and hydrogels\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Quantifying Elastic Properties of Environmental Biofilms using Optical Coherence Elastography\",\"issn\":\"1940-087X\",\"url\":\"https://www.jove.com/t/66118\",\"doi\":\"10.3791/66118\",\"abstract\":\"Biofilms are complex biomaterials comprising a well-organized network of microbial cells encased in self-produced extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). This paper presents a detailed account of the implementation of optical coherence elastography (OCE) measurements tailored for the elastic characterization of biofilms. OCE is a non-destructive optical technique that enables the local mapping of the microstructure, morphology, and viscoelastic properties of partially transparent soft materials with high spatial and temporal resolution. We provide a comprehensive guide detailing the essential procedures for the correct implementation of this technique, along with a methodology to estimate the bulk Young's modulus of granular biofilms from the collected measurements. These consist of the system setup, data acquisition, and postprocessing. In the discussion, we delve into the underlying physics of the sensors used in OCE and explore the fundamental limitations regarding the spatial and temporal scales of OCE measurements. We conclude with potential future directions for advancing the OCE technique to facilitate elastic measurements of environmental biofilms.\",\"number\":\"205\",\"journal\":\"JoVE\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Dieppa\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Evan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Schmitz\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Hannah\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Wang\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ziwei\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sabba\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Fabrizio\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Wells\"],\"firstnames\":[\"George\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Balogun\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Oluwaseyi\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"March\",\"year\":\"2024\",\"note\":\"Publisher: MyJoVE Corp\",\"keywords\":\"This Month in JoVE\",\"pages\":\"e66118\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{dieppa_quantifying_2024,\\n\\ttitle = {Quantifying {Elastic} {Properties} of {Environmental} {Biofilms} using {Optical} {Coherence} {Elastography}},\\n\\tissn = {1940-087X},\\n\\turl = {https://www.jove.com/t/66118},\\n\\tdoi = {10.3791/66118},\\n\\tabstract = {Biofilms are complex biomaterials comprising a well-organized network of microbial cells encased in self-produced extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). This paper presents a detailed account of the implementation of optical coherence elastography (OCE) measurements tailored for the elastic characterization of biofilms. OCE is a non-destructive optical technique that enables the local mapping of the microstructure, morphology, and viscoelastic properties of partially transparent soft materials with high spatial and temporal resolution. We provide a comprehensive guide detailing the essential procedures for the correct implementation of this technique, along with a methodology to estimate the bulk Young's modulus of granular biofilms from the collected measurements. These consist of the system setup, data acquisition, and postprocessing. In the discussion, we delve into the underlying physics of the sensors used in OCE and explore the fundamental limitations regarding the spatial and temporal scales of OCE measurements. We conclude with potential future directions for advancing the OCE technique to facilitate elastic measurements of environmental biofilms.},\\n\\tnumber = {205},\\n\\tjournal = {JoVE},\\n\\tauthor = {Dieppa, Evan and Schmitz, Hannah and Wang, Ziwei and Sabba, Fabrizio and Wells, George and Balogun, Oluwaseyi},\\n\\tmonth = mar,\\n\\tyear = {2024},\\n\\tnote = {Publisher: MyJoVE Corp},\\n\\tkeywords = {This Month in JoVE},\\n\\tpages = {e66118},\\n}\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Dieppa, E.\",\"Schmitz, H.\",\"Wang, Z.\",\"Sabba, F.\",\"Wells, G.\",\"Balogun, O.\"],\"key\":\"dieppa_quantifying_2024\",\"id\":\"dieppa_quantifying_2024\",\"bibbaseid\":\"dieppa-schmitz-wang-sabba-wells-balogun-quantifyingelasticpropertiesofenvironmentalbiofilmsusingopticalcoherenceelastography-2024\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://www.jove.com/t/66118\"},\"keyword\":[\"This Month in JoVE\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"}],\n      metadata: {\"authorlinks\":{}},\n      ownerID: undefined\n    };\n  </script>\n\n  <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n  var site$;\n  if (typeof $ != 'undefined') {\n    console.log('existing jquery: storing and then restoring');\n    site$ = $;\n    $ = null;\n  }\n  </script>\n\n  <script src=\"https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.2.4/jquery.min.js\">\n  </script>\n  <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n  if (site$) {\n    console.log('existing jquery: avoiding conflict and restoring');\n    bb$ = $.noConflict(true);\n    $ = site$;\n  } else {\n    bb$ = $;\n  }\n  </script>\n\n  <script src=\"//bibbase.org/js/bibbase.min.js\"\n          type=\"text/javascript\">\n  </script>\n\n  <script type=\"text/javascript\"\n          src=\"https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.1/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML\">\n  </script>\n  <script type=\"text/x-mathjax-config\">\n    MathJax.Hub.Config({tex2jax: {inlineMath: [['$','$'], ['\\\\(','\\\\)']]},\n                        skipTags: [\"body\"],\n                        processClass: \"bibbase_paper\"});\n  </script>\n\n  <style>\n  @media print {\n    .dontprint {\n        display: none !important;\n    }\n\n  .bibbase_group {\n    background-color: #E0E0E0;\n    font-style: italic;\n    font-size: larger;\n    text-shadow: 0px 0px 3px #FFFFFF;\n    border-radius: 4px 4px 4px 4px;\n    -moz-border-radius: 4px 4px 4px 4px;\n    -webkit-border-radius: 4px;\n    padding: 5px 40px 5px;\n    margin-top: 10px;\n    margin-bottom: 5px;\n    cursor: pointer;\n  }\n\n  .bibbase_paper {\n    margin-bottom: 5px;\n  }\n\n  }\n  </style>\n\n  \n  <div style=\"float: right; margin-right: 10px; margin-top: 10px; text-align: right; font-size: 12px\">\n    generated by\n    <a href=\"//bibbase.org\"\n       onclick=\"trackOutboundLink('bibbase', 'logo clicked', window.location.href, '//bibbase.org'); return false;\">\n      <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/logo.svg\"\n           style=\"vertical-align: middle; margin-left: 3px; height: 16px;\"/\n           alt=\"bibbase.org\"\n           title=\"BibBase – The easiest way to maintain your publications page.\"\n        ></a>\n    \n  </div>\n  \n\n  <div id=\"bibbase_header\" class=\"dontprint\" style=\"\">\n\n    <ul class=\"nav nav-pills\" style=\"margin: 0px;\">\n\n      <li class=\"dropdown\" id=\"groupby_dropdown\">\n      <a class=\"dropdown-toggle\"\n         data-toggle=\"dropdown\"\n         href=\"#\">\n          Group by\n          <b class=\"caret\"></b>\n      </a>\n      <ul class=\"dropdown-menu\">\n        <li class=\"groupby year\"><a onclick=\"groupby('year')\">\n            Year</a>\n        </li>\n        <li class=\"groupby author\"><a onclick=\"groupby('author_short')\">\n            Author</a>\n        </li>\n        <li class=\"groupby type\"><a onclick=\"groupby('type')\">\n            Type</a>\n        </li>\n        <li class=\"groupby keyword\"><a onclick=\"groupby('keyword')\">\n            Keyword</a>\n        </li>\n        <li class=\"groupby downloads\"><a onclick=\"groupby('downloads')\">\n            Downloads</a>\n        </li>\n      </ul>\n      </li>\n\n\n      <li class=\"dropdown\" id=\"menu_dropdown\">\n      <a class=\"dropdown-toggle\"\n         data-toggle=\"dropdown\"\n         href=\"#\" alt=\"controls\">\n          <i class=\"fa fa-reorder\" alt=\"controls\"></i>\n          <b class=\"caret\"></b>\n      </a>\n      <ul class=\"dropdown-menu\">\n        <li>\n          <a onclick=\"toggleAll()\">\n            <i class=\"fa fa-chevron-down fa-fw\"></i> Expand/Collapse All\n          </a>\n        </li>\n        <li>\n          <a download=\"sp5AskrDyaYnjoEzE\" href=\"data:text/bibtex;base64,@article{wang_nanomechanical_2022,
	title = {Nanomechanical property evaluation of tungsten thin film via frequency-domain photoacoustic microscopy},
	volume = {742},
	issn = {00406090},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0040609021005332},
	doi = {10.1016/j.tsf.2021.139050},
	language = {en},
	urldate = {2022-01-08},
	journal = {Thin Solid Films},
	author = {Wang, Ziwei and Balogun, Oluwaseyi and Kim, Yun Young},
	month = jan,
	year = {2022},
	pages = {139050},
}



@article{isotta_microscale_2023,
	title = {Microscale {Imaging} of {Thermal} {Conductivity} {Suppression} at {Grain} {Boundaries}},
	volume = {n/a},
	copyright = {© 2023 The Authors. Advanced Materials published by Wiley-VCH GmbH},
	issn = {1521-4095},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/adma.202302777},
	doi = {10.1002/adma.202302777},
	abstract = {Grain-boundary engineering is an effective strategy to tune the thermal conductivity of materials, leading to improved performance in thermoelectric, thermal-barrier coatings, and thermal management applications. Despite the central importance to thermal transport, a clear understanding of how grain boundaries modulate the microscale heat flow is missing, owing to the scarcity of local investigations. Here, thermal imaging of individual grain boundaries is demonstrated in thermoelectric SnTe via spatially resolved frequency-domain thermoreflectance. Measurements with microscale resolution reveal local suppressions in thermal conductivity at grain boundaries. Also, the grain-boundary thermal resistance – extracted by employing a Gibbs excess approach – is found to be correlated with the grain-boundary misorientation angle. Extracting thermal properties, including thermal boundary resistances, from microscale imaging can provide comprehensive understanding of how microstructure affects heat transport, crucially impacting the materials design of high-performance thermal-management and energy-conversion devices.},
	language = {en},
	number = {n/a},
	urldate = {2023-09-20},
	journal = {Advanced Materials},
	author = {Isotta, Eleonora and Jiang, Shizhou and Moller, Gregory and Zevalkink, Alexandra and Snyder, G. Jeffrey and Balogun, Oluwaseyi},
	month = jun,
	year = {2023},
	keywords = {frequency domain thermoreflectance, Gibbs excess, grain boundaries, Kapitza resistance, SnTe, thermal conductivity, thermal imaging},
	pages = {2302777},
	file = {Full Text PDF:C\:\\Users\\Evan\\Zotero\\storage\\ZK3V6DC5\\Isotta et al. - Microscale Imaging of Thermal Conductivity Suppres.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:C\:\\Users\\Evan\\Zotero\\storage\\RC998AYL\\adma.html:text/html},
}



@article{ahmed_molecular_2023,
	title = {Molecular {Dynamics} {Modeling} of {Thermal} {Conductivity} of {Several} {Hydrocarbon} {Base} {Oils}},
	volume = {71},
	issn = {1573-2711},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-023-01738-z},
	doi = {10.1007/s11249-023-01738-z},
	abstract = {This paper is on determination of the thermal conductivities of several hydrocarbon base oils by means of non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations using two different force fields. It aims to explore a simulation-based method for lubricant molecular design and analysis concerning heat transfer in electrical vehicle lubrication. Argon was analyzed as a reference for method evaluation, and the results reveal that the calculated conductivity strongly depends on the size of the computational domain. However, for hydrocarbon base oils, the dependence on computation domain size is less prominent as the domain size increases. The method of direct calculation in a sufficiently large computation domain and that of reciprocal extrapolation with data calculated in a much smaller domain are both applicable, and each has a certain value in oil conductivity calculation. The calculated conductivities show certain overpredictions when compared with experimentally measured results, and the overprediction factor is related to number of carbon atoms of the liquid molecules. The results reveal that the thermal conductivity of a single-chain hydrocarbon liquid is linearly proportional to the number of carbon atoms. While each additional branch increases thermal conductivity slightly, the presence of multiple branches reduces it from the ideal linear relationship. A set of equations was formulated to correlate hydrocarbon liquid thermal conductivity with molecular characteristics in terms of number of carbon atoms and number of branches.},
	language = {en},
	number = {2},
	urldate = {2023-09-20},
	journal = {Tribology Letters},
	author = {Ahmed, Jannat and Wang, Q. Jane and Balogun, Oluwaseyi and Ren, Ning and England, Roger and Lockwood, Frances},
	month = may,
	year = {2023},
	keywords = {Force fields, Hydrocarbon base oils, MD simulation, Size effect, Thermal conductivity},
	pages = {70},
	file = {Full Text PDF:C\:\\Users\\Evan\\Zotero\\storage\\HD35I6B8\\Ahmed et al. - 2023 - Molecular Dynamics Modeling of Thermal Conductivit.pdf:application/pdf},
}



@misc{lebedev_quantitative_2023,
	title = {Quantitative {Characterization} of the {Anisotropic} {Thermal} {Properties} of {Encapsulated} {Two}-{Dimensional} {MoS2} {Nanofilms} {\textbar} {ACS} {Applied} {Materials} \& {Interfaces}},
	url = {https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acsami.2c18755},
	urldate = {2023-09-20},
	author = {Lebedev, Dmitry and Jiang, Shizhou and {Andrews, Loren} and {Gish, J Tyler} and {Song, Thomas W} and {Hersam, Mark C} and {Balogun, Oluwaseyi}},
	month = feb,
	year = {2023},
	file = {Quantitative Characterization of the Anisotropic Thermal Properties of Encapsulated Two-Dimensional MoS2 Nanofilms | ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces:C\:\\Users\\Evan\\Zotero\\storage\\EGQJG7QQ\\acsami.html:text/html},
}



@article{chen_gan-duf_2022,
	title = {{GAN}-{DUF}: {Hierarchical} {Deep} {Generative} {Models} for {Design} {Under} {Free}-{Form} {Geometric} {Uncertainty}},
	volume = {145},
	issn = {1050-0472},
	shorttitle = {{GAN}-{DUF}},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4055898},
	doi = {10.1115/1.4055898},
	abstract = {Deep generative models have demonstrated effectiveness in learning compact and expressive design representations that significantly improve geometric design optimization. However, these models do not consider the uncertainty introduced by manufacturing or fabrication. The past work that quantifies such uncertainty often makes simplifying assumptions on geometric variations, while the “real-world,” “free-form” uncertainty and its impact on design performance are difficult to quantify due to the high dimensionality. To address this issue, we propose a generative adversarial network-based design under uncertainty framework (GAN-DUF), which contains a deep generative model that simultaneously learns a compact representation of nominal (ideal) designs and the conditional distribution of fabricated designs given any nominal design. This opens up new possibilities of (1) building a universal uncertainty quantification model compatible with both shape and topological designs, (2) modeling free-form geometric uncertainties without the need to make any assumptions on the distribution of geometric variability, and (3) allowing fast prediction of uncertainties for new nominal designs. We can combine the proposed deep generative model with robust design optimization or reliability-based design optimization for design under uncertainty. We demonstrated the framework on two real-world engineering design examples and showed its capability of finding the solution that possesses better performance after fabrication.},
	number = {011703},
	urldate = {2023-09-20},
	journal = {Journal of Mechanical Design},
	author = {Chen, Wei (Wayne) and Lee, Doksoo and Balogun, Oluwaseyi and Chen, Wei},
	month = oct,
	year = {2022},
	file = {Full Text PDF:C\:\\Users\\Evan\\Zotero\\storage\\7GQCVJS6\\Chen et al. - 2022 - GAN-DUF Hierarchical Deep Generative Models for D.pdf:application/pdf},
}



@article{candry_tailoring_2022,
	title = {Tailoring polyvinyl alcohol-sodium alginate ({PVA}-{SA}) hydrogel beads by controlling crosslinking {pH} and time},
	volume = {12},
	copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
	issn = {2045-2322},
	url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-25111-7},
	doi = {10.1038/s41598-022-25111-7},
	abstract = {Hydrogel-encapsulated catalysts are an attractive tool for low-cost intensification of (bio)-processes. Polyvinyl alcohol-sodium alginate hydrogels crosslinked with boric acid and post-cured with sulfate (PVA-SA-BS) have been applied in bioproduction and water treatment processes, but the low pH required for crosslinking may negatively affect biocatalyst functionality. Here, we investigate how crosslinking pH (3, 4, and 5) and time (1, 2, and 8 h) affect the physicochemical, elastic, and process properties of PVA-SA-BS beads. Overall, bead properties were most affected by crosslinking pH. Beads produced at pH 3 and 4 were smaller and contained larger internal cavities, while optical coherence tomography suggested polymer cross-linking density was higher. Optical coherence elastography revealed PVA-SA-BS beads produced at pH 3 and 4 were stiffer than pH 5 beads. Dextran Blue release showed that pH 3-produced beads enabled higher diffusion rates and were more porous. Last, over a 28-day incubation, pH 3 and 4 beads lost more microspheres (as cell proxies) than beads produced at pH 5, while the latter released more polymer material. Overall, this study provides a path forward to tailor PVA-SA-BS hydrogel bead properties towards a broad range of applications, such as chemical, enzymatic, and microbially catalyzed (bio)-processes.},
	language = {en},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2023-09-20},
	journal = {Scientific Reports},
	author = {Candry, Pieter and Godfrey, Bruce J. and Wang, Ziwei and Sabba, Fabrizio and Dieppa, Evan and Fudge, Julia and Balogun, Oluwaseyi and Wells, George and Winkler, Mari-Karoliina Henriikka},
	month = dec,
	year = {2022},
	note = {Number: 1
Publisher: Nature Publishing Group},
	keywords = {Biotechnology, Chemical engineering, Gels and hydrogels},
	pages = {20822},
	file = {Full Text PDF:C\:\\Users\\Evan\\Zotero\\storage\\X8X9BHUF\\Candry et al. - 2022 - Tailoring polyvinyl alcohol-sodium alginate (PVA-S.pdf:application/pdf},
}



@article{dieppa_quantifying_2024,
	title = {Quantifying {Elastic} {Properties} of {Environmental} {Biofilms} using {Optical} {Coherence} {Elastography}},
	issn = {1940-087X},
	url = {https://www.jove.com/t/66118},
	doi = {10.3791/66118},
	abstract = {Biofilms are complex biomaterials comprising a well-organized network of microbial cells encased in self-produced extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). This paper presents a detailed account of the implementation of optical coherence elastography (OCE) measurements tailored for the elastic characterization of biofilms. OCE is a non-destructive optical technique that enables the local mapping of the microstructure, morphology, and viscoelastic properties of partially transparent soft materials with high spatial and temporal resolution. We provide a comprehensive guide detailing the essential procedures for the correct implementation of this technique, along with a methodology to estimate the bulk Young's modulus of granular biofilms from the collected measurements. These consist of the system setup, data acquisition, and postprocessing. In the discussion, we delve into the underlying physics of the sensors used in OCE and explore the fundamental limitations regarding the spatial and temporal scales of OCE measurements. We conclude with potential future directions for advancing the OCE technique to facilitate elastic measurements of environmental biofilms.},
	number = {205},
	journal = {JoVE},
	author = {Dieppa, Evan and Schmitz, Hannah and Wang, Ziwei and Sabba, Fabrizio and Wells, George and Balogun, Oluwaseyi},
	month = mar,
	year = {2024},
	note = {Publisher: MyJoVE Corp},
	keywords = {This Month in JoVE},
	pages = {e66118},
}
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In order to keep using Mendeley with BibBase past April\n        14th, you need to:\n        <ol>\n          <li>renew the authorization for BibBase on Mendeley, and</li>\n          <li>update the BibBase URL\n            in your page the same way you did when you initially set up\n            this page.\n          </li>\n        </ol>\n      </p>\n\n      <p>\n        <a href=\"http://bibbase.org/cgi-bin/mendeley2/get.py\">\n          <i class=\"fa fa-angle-double-right\"></i>\n          Fix it now</a>\n      </p>\n    </div>\n\n  </div>\n\n\n  <div id=\"bibbase_body\">\n    \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_2024\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_2024')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_2024')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>2024</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (1)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"dieppa-schmitz-wang-sabba-wells-balogun-quantifyingelasticpropertiesofenvironmentalbiofilmsusingopticalcoherenceelastography-2024\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"https://www.jove.com/t/66118\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'dieppa-schmitz-wang-sabba-wells-balogun-quantifyingelasticpropertiesofenvironmentalbiofilmsusingopticalcoherenceelastography-2024', 'https://www.jove.com/t/66118', event);\">\n    Quantifying Elastic Properties of Environmental Biofilms using Optical Coherence Elastography.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Dieppa, E.; Schmitz, H.; Wang, Z.; Sabba, F.; Wells, G.;  and Balogun, O.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>JoVE</i>, (205): e66118. March 2024.\n  <span class=\"note\">Publisher: MyJoVE Corp</span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"https://www.jove.com/t/66118\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('dieppa-schmitz-wang-sabba-wells-balogun-quantifyingelasticpropertiesofenvironmentalbiofilmsusingopticalcoherenceelastography-2024', 'https://www.jove.com/t/66118', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"Quantifying Elastic Properties of Environmental Biofilms using Optical Coherence Elastography [link]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.3791/66118\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('dieppa-schmitz-wang-sabba-wells-balogun-quantifyingelasticpropertiesofenvironmentalbiofilmsusingopticalcoherenceelastography-2024', 'http://doi.org/10.3791/66118', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/dieppa-schmitz-wang-sabba-wells-balogun-quantifyingelasticpropertiesofenvironmentalbiofilmsusingopticalcoherenceelastography-2024\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('dieppa-schmitz-wang-sabba-wells-balogun-quantifyingelasticpropertiesofenvironmentalbiofilmsusingopticalcoherenceelastography-2024')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{dieppa_quantifying_2024,\n\ttitle = {Quantifying {Elastic} {Properties} of {Environmental} {Biofilms} using {Optical} {Coherence} {Elastography}},\n\tissn = {1940-087X},\n\turl = {https://www.jove.com/t/66118},\n\tdoi = {10.3791/66118},\n\tabstract = {Biofilms are complex biomaterials comprising a well-organized network of microbial cells encased in self-produced extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). This paper presents a detailed account of the implementation of optical coherence elastography (OCE) measurements tailored for the elastic characterization of biofilms. OCE is a non-destructive optical technique that enables the local mapping of the microstructure, morphology, and viscoelastic properties of partially transparent soft materials with high spatial and temporal resolution. We provide a comprehensive guide detailing the essential procedures for the correct implementation of this technique, along with a methodology to estimate the bulk Young&#x27;s modulus of granular biofilms from the collected measurements. These consist of the system setup, data acquisition, and postprocessing. In the discussion, we delve into the underlying physics of the sensors used in OCE and explore the fundamental limitations regarding the spatial and temporal scales of OCE measurements. We conclude with potential future directions for advancing the OCE technique to facilitate elastic measurements of environmental biofilms.},\n\tnumber = {205},\n\tjournal = {JoVE},\n\tauthor = {Dieppa, Evan and Schmitz, Hannah and Wang, Ziwei and Sabba, Fabrizio and Wells, George and Balogun, Oluwaseyi},\n\tmonth = mar,\n\tyear = {2024},\n\tnote = {Publisher: MyJoVE Corp},\n\tkeywords = {This Month in JoVE},\n\tpages = {e66118},\n}\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  Biofilms are complex biomaterials comprising a well-organized network of microbial cells encased in self-produced extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). This paper presents a detailed account of the implementation of optical coherence elastography (OCE) measurements tailored for the elastic characterization of biofilms. OCE is a non-destructive optical technique that enables the local mapping of the microstructure, morphology, and viscoelastic properties of partially transparent soft materials with high spatial and temporal resolution. We provide a comprehensive guide detailing the essential procedures for the correct implementation of this technique, along with a methodology to estimate the bulk Young's modulus of granular biofilms from the collected measurements. These consist of the system setup, data acquisition, and postprocessing. In the discussion, we delve into the underlying physics of the sensors used in OCE and explore the fundamental limitations regarding the spatial and temporal scales of OCE measurements. We conclude with potential future directions for advancing the OCE technique to facilitate elastic measurements of environmental biofilms.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_2023\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_2023')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_2023')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>2023</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (3)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"isotta-jiang-moller-zevalkink-snyder-balogun-microscaleimagingofthermalconductivitysuppressionatgrainboundaries-2023\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/adma.202302777\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'isotta-jiang-moller-zevalkink-snyder-balogun-microscaleimagingofthermalconductivitysuppressionatgrainboundaries-2023', 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/adma.202302777', event);\">\n    Microscale Imaging of Thermal Conductivity Suppression at Grain Boundaries.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Isotta, E.; Jiang, S.; Moller, G.; Zevalkink, A.; Snyder, G. J.;  and Balogun, O.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>Advanced Materials</i>, n/a(n/a): 2302777. June 2023.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/adma.202302777\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('isotta-jiang-moller-zevalkink-snyder-balogun-microscaleimagingofthermalconductivitysuppressionatgrainboundaries-2023', 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/adma.202302777', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"Microscale Imaging of Thermal Conductivity Suppression at Grain Boundaries [link]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202302777\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('isotta-jiang-moller-zevalkink-snyder-balogun-microscaleimagingofthermalconductivitysuppressionatgrainboundaries-2023', 'http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202302777', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/isotta-jiang-moller-zevalkink-snyder-balogun-microscaleimagingofthermalconductivitysuppressionatgrainboundaries-2023\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('isotta-jiang-moller-zevalkink-snyder-balogun-microscaleimagingofthermalconductivitysuppressionatgrainboundaries-2023')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{isotta_microscale_2023,\n\ttitle = {Microscale {Imaging} of {Thermal} {Conductivity} {Suppression} at {Grain} {Boundaries}},\n\tvolume = {n/a},\n\tcopyright = {© 2023 The Authors. Advanced Materials published by Wiley-VCH GmbH},\n\tissn = {1521-4095},\n\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/adma.202302777},\n\tdoi = {10.1002/adma.202302777},\n\tabstract = {Grain-boundary engineering is an effective strategy to tune the thermal conductivity of materials, leading to improved performance in thermoelectric, thermal-barrier coatings, and thermal management applications. Despite the central importance to thermal transport, a clear understanding of how grain boundaries modulate the microscale heat flow is missing, owing to the scarcity of local investigations. Here, thermal imaging of individual grain boundaries is demonstrated in thermoelectric SnTe via spatially resolved frequency-domain thermoreflectance. Measurements with microscale resolution reveal local suppressions in thermal conductivity at grain boundaries. Also, the grain-boundary thermal resistance – extracted by employing a Gibbs excess approach – is found to be correlated with the grain-boundary misorientation angle. Extracting thermal properties, including thermal boundary resistances, from microscale imaging can provide comprehensive understanding of how microstructure affects heat transport, crucially impacting the materials design of high-performance thermal-management and energy-conversion devices.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {n/a},\n\turldate = {2023-09-20},\n\tjournal = {Advanced Materials},\n\tauthor = {Isotta, Eleonora and Jiang, Shizhou and Moller, Gregory and Zevalkink, Alexandra and Snyder, G. Jeffrey and Balogun, Oluwaseyi},\n\tmonth = jun,\n\tyear = {2023},\n\tkeywords = {frequency domain thermoreflectance, Gibbs excess, grain boundaries, Kapitza resistance, SnTe, thermal conductivity, thermal imaging},\n\tpages = {2302777},\n\tfile = {Full Text PDF:C\\:\\\\Users\\\\Evan\\\\Zotero\\\\storage\\\\ZK3V6DC5\\\\Isotta et al. - Microscale Imaging of Thermal Conductivity Suppres.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:C\\:\\\\Users\\\\Evan\\\\Zotero\\\\storage\\\\RC998AYL\\\\adma.html:text/html},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  Grain-boundary engineering is an effective strategy to tune the thermal conductivity of materials, leading to improved performance in thermoelectric, thermal-barrier coatings, and thermal management applications. Despite the central importance to thermal transport, a clear understanding of how grain boundaries modulate the microscale heat flow is missing, owing to the scarcity of local investigations. Here, thermal imaging of individual grain boundaries is demonstrated in thermoelectric SnTe via spatially resolved frequency-domain thermoreflectance. Measurements with microscale resolution reveal local suppressions in thermal conductivity at grain boundaries. Also, the grain-boundary thermal resistance – extracted by employing a Gibbs excess approach – is found to be correlated with the grain-boundary misorientation angle. Extracting thermal properties, including thermal boundary resistances, from microscale imaging can provide comprehensive understanding of how microstructure affects heat transport, crucially impacting the materials design of high-performance thermal-management and energy-conversion devices.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"ahmed-wang-balogun-ren-england-lockwood-moleculardynamicsmodelingofthermalconductivityofseveralhydrocarbonbaseoils-2023\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-023-01738-z\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'ahmed-wang-balogun-ren-england-lockwood-moleculardynamicsmodelingofthermalconductivityofseveralhydrocarbonbaseoils-2023', 'https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-023-01738-z', event);\">\n    Molecular Dynamics Modeling of Thermal Conductivity of Several Hydrocarbon Base Oils.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Ahmed, J.; Wang, Q. J.; Balogun, O.; Ren, N.; England, R.;  and Lockwood, F.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>Tribology Letters</i>, 71(2): 70. May 2023.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-023-01738-z\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('ahmed-wang-balogun-ren-england-lockwood-moleculardynamicsmodelingofthermalconductivityofseveralhydrocarbonbaseoils-2023', 'https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-023-01738-z', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"Molecular Dynamics Modeling of Thermal Conductivity of Several Hydrocarbon Base Oils [link]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-023-01738-z\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('ahmed-wang-balogun-ren-england-lockwood-moleculardynamicsmodelingofthermalconductivityofseveralhydrocarbonbaseoils-2023', 'http://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-023-01738-z', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/ahmed-wang-balogun-ren-england-lockwood-moleculardynamicsmodelingofthermalconductivityofseveralhydrocarbonbaseoils-2023\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('ahmed-wang-balogun-ren-england-lockwood-moleculardynamicsmodelingofthermalconductivityofseveralhydrocarbonbaseoils-2023')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{ahmed_molecular_2023,\n\ttitle = {Molecular {Dynamics} {Modeling} of {Thermal} {Conductivity} of {Several} {Hydrocarbon} {Base} {Oils}},\n\tvolume = {71},\n\tissn = {1573-2711},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-023-01738-z},\n\tdoi = {10.1007/s11249-023-01738-z},\n\tabstract = {This paper is on determination of the thermal conductivities of several hydrocarbon base oils by means of non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations using two different force fields. It aims to explore a simulation-based method for lubricant molecular design and analysis concerning heat transfer in electrical vehicle lubrication. Argon was analyzed as a reference for method evaluation, and the results reveal that the calculated conductivity strongly depends on the size of the computational domain. However, for hydrocarbon base oils, the dependence on computation domain size is less prominent as the domain size increases. The method of direct calculation in a sufficiently large computation domain and that of reciprocal extrapolation with data calculated in a much smaller domain are both applicable, and each has a certain value in oil conductivity calculation. The calculated conductivities show certain overpredictions when compared with experimentally measured results, and the overprediction factor is related to number of carbon atoms of the liquid molecules. The results reveal that the thermal conductivity of a single-chain hydrocarbon liquid is linearly proportional to the number of carbon atoms. While each additional branch increases thermal conductivity slightly, the presence of multiple branches reduces it from the ideal linear relationship. A set of equations was formulated to correlate hydrocarbon liquid thermal conductivity with molecular characteristics in terms of number of carbon atoms and number of branches.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2023-09-20},\n\tjournal = {Tribology Letters},\n\tauthor = {Ahmed, Jannat and Wang, Q. Jane and Balogun, Oluwaseyi and Ren, Ning and England, Roger and Lockwood, Frances},\n\tmonth = may,\n\tyear = {2023},\n\tkeywords = {Force fields, Hydrocarbon base oils, MD simulation, Size effect, Thermal conductivity},\n\tpages = {70},\n\tfile = {Full Text PDF:C\\:\\\\Users\\\\Evan\\\\Zotero\\\\storage\\\\HD35I6B8\\\\Ahmed et al. - 2023 - Molecular Dynamics Modeling of Thermal Conductivit.pdf:application/pdf},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  This paper is on determination of the thermal conductivities of several hydrocarbon base oils by means of non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations using two different force fields. It aims to explore a simulation-based method for lubricant molecular design and analysis concerning heat transfer in electrical vehicle lubrication. Argon was analyzed as a reference for method evaluation, and the results reveal that the calculated conductivity strongly depends on the size of the computational domain. However, for hydrocarbon base oils, the dependence on computation domain size is less prominent as the domain size increases. The method of direct calculation in a sufficiently large computation domain and that of reciprocal extrapolation with data calculated in a much smaller domain are both applicable, and each has a certain value in oil conductivity calculation. The calculated conductivities show certain overpredictions when compared with experimentally measured results, and the overprediction factor is related to number of carbon atoms of the liquid molecules. The results reveal that the thermal conductivity of a single-chain hydrocarbon liquid is linearly proportional to the number of carbon atoms. While each additional branch increases thermal conductivity slightly, the presence of multiple branches reduces it from the ideal linear relationship. A set of equations was formulated to correlate hydrocarbon liquid thermal conductivity with molecular characteristics in terms of number of carbon atoms and number of branches.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"lebedev-jiang-andrews-gish-song-hersam-balogun-quantitativecharacterizationoftheanisotropicthermalpropertiesofencapsulatedtwodimensionalmos2nanofilmstextbaracsappliedmaterialsinterfaces-2023\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acsami.2c18755\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'lebedev-jiang-andrews-gish-song-hersam-balogun-quantitativecharacterizationoftheanisotropicthermalpropertiesofencapsulatedtwodimensionalmos2nanofilmstextbaracsappliedmaterialsinterfaces-2023', 'https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acsami.2c18755', event);\">\n    Quantitative Characterization of the Anisotropic Thermal Properties of Encapsulated Two-Dimensional MoS2 Nanofilms \\textbar ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Lebedev, D.; Jiang, S.; Andrews, Loren; Gish, J Tyler; Song, Thomas W; Hersam, Mark C;  and Balogun, Oluwaseyi\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  February 2023.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acsami.2c18755\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('lebedev-jiang-andrews-gish-song-hersam-balogun-quantitativecharacterizationoftheanisotropicthermalpropertiesofencapsulatedtwodimensionalmos2nanofilmstextbaracsappliedmaterialsinterfaces-2023', 'https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acsami.2c18755', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"Quantitative Characterization of the Anisotropic Thermal Properties of Encapsulated Two-Dimensional MoS2 Nanofilms \\textbar ACS Applied Materials &amp; Interfaces [link]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/lebedev-jiang-andrews-gish-song-hersam-balogun-quantitativecharacterizationoftheanisotropicthermalpropertiesofencapsulatedtwodimensionalmos2nanofilmstextbaracsappliedmaterialsinterfaces-2023\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('lebedev-jiang-andrews-gish-song-hersam-balogun-quantitativecharacterizationoftheanisotropicthermalpropertiesofencapsulatedtwodimensionalmos2nanofilmstextbaracsappliedmaterialsinterfaces-2023')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@misc{lebedev_quantitative_2023,\n\ttitle = {Quantitative {Characterization} of the {Anisotropic} {Thermal} {Properties} of {Encapsulated} {Two}-{Dimensional} {MoS2} {Nanofilms} {\\textbar} {ACS} {Applied} {Materials} \\&amp; {Interfaces}},\n\turl = {https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acsami.2c18755},\n\turldate = {2023-09-20},\n\tauthor = {Lebedev, Dmitry and Jiang, Shizhou and {Andrews, Loren} and {Gish, J Tyler} and {Song, Thomas W} and {Hersam, Mark C} and {Balogun, Oluwaseyi}},\n\tmonth = feb,\n\tyear = {2023},\n\tfile = {Quantitative Characterization of the Anisotropic Thermal Properties of Encapsulated Two-Dimensional MoS2 Nanofilms | ACS Applied Materials &amp; Interfaces:C\\:\\\\Users\\\\Evan\\\\Zotero\\\\storage\\\\EGQJG7QQ\\\\acsami.html:text/html},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_2022\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_2022')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_2022')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>2022</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (3)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"wang-balogun-kim-nanomechanicalpropertyevaluationoftungstenthinfilmviafrequencydomainphotoacousticmicroscopy-2022\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0040609021005332\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'wang-balogun-kim-nanomechanicalpropertyevaluationoftungstenthinfilmviafrequencydomainphotoacousticmicroscopy-2022', 'https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0040609021005332', event);\">\n    Nanomechanical property evaluation of tungsten thin film via frequency-domain photoacoustic microscopy.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Wang, Z.; Balogun, O.;  and Kim, Y. Y.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>Thin Solid Films</i>, 742: 139050. January 2022.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0040609021005332\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('wang-balogun-kim-nanomechanicalpropertyevaluationoftungstenthinfilmviafrequencydomainphotoacousticmicroscopy-2022', 'https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0040609021005332', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"Nanomechanical property evaluation of tungsten thin film via frequency-domain photoacoustic microscopy [link]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2021.139050\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('wang-balogun-kim-nanomechanicalpropertyevaluationoftungstenthinfilmviafrequencydomainphotoacousticmicroscopy-2022', 'http://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2021.139050', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/wang-balogun-kim-nanomechanicalpropertyevaluationoftungstenthinfilmviafrequencydomainphotoacousticmicroscopy-2022\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('wang-balogun-kim-nanomechanicalpropertyevaluationoftungstenthinfilmviafrequencydomainphotoacousticmicroscopy-2022')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{wang_nanomechanical_2022,\n\ttitle = {Nanomechanical property evaluation of tungsten thin film via frequency-domain photoacoustic microscopy},\n\tvolume = {742},\n\tissn = {00406090},\n\turl = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0040609021005332},\n\tdoi = {10.1016/j.tsf.2021.139050},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2022-01-08},\n\tjournal = {Thin Solid Films},\n\tauthor = {Wang, Ziwei and Balogun, Oluwaseyi and Kim, Yun Young},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2022},\n\tpages = {139050},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"chen-lee-balogun-chen-gandufhierarchicaldeepgenerativemodelsfordesignunderfreeformgeometricuncertainty-2022\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4055898\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'chen-lee-balogun-chen-gandufhierarchicaldeepgenerativemodelsfordesignunderfreeformgeometricuncertainty-2022', 'https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4055898', event);\">\n    GAN-DUF: Hierarchical Deep Generative Models for Design Under Free-Form Geometric Uncertainty.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Chen, W. (.; Lee, D.; Balogun, O.;  and Chen, W.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>Journal of Mechanical Design</i>, 145(011703). October 2022.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4055898\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('chen-lee-balogun-chen-gandufhierarchicaldeepgenerativemodelsfordesignunderfreeformgeometricuncertainty-2022', 'https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4055898', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"GAN-DUF: Hierarchical Deep Generative Models for Design Under Free-Form Geometric Uncertainty [link]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.1115/1.4055898\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('chen-lee-balogun-chen-gandufhierarchicaldeepgenerativemodelsfordesignunderfreeformgeometricuncertainty-2022', 'http://doi.org/10.1115/1.4055898', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/chen-lee-balogun-chen-gandufhierarchicaldeepgenerativemodelsfordesignunderfreeformgeometricuncertainty-2022\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('chen-lee-balogun-chen-gandufhierarchicaldeepgenerativemodelsfordesignunderfreeformgeometricuncertainty-2022')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{chen_gan-duf_2022,\n\ttitle = {{GAN}-{DUF}: {Hierarchical} {Deep} {Generative} {Models} for {Design} {Under} {Free}-{Form} {Geometric} {Uncertainty}},\n\tvolume = {145},\n\tissn = {1050-0472},\n\tshorttitle = {{GAN}-{DUF}},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4055898},\n\tdoi = {10.1115/1.4055898},\n\tabstract = {Deep generative models have demonstrated effectiveness in learning compact and expressive design representations that significantly improve geometric design optimization. However, these models do not consider the uncertainty introduced by manufacturing or fabrication. The past work that quantifies such uncertainty often makes simplifying assumptions on geometric variations, while the “real-world,” “free-form” uncertainty and its impact on design performance are difficult to quantify due to the high dimensionality. To address this issue, we propose a generative adversarial network-based design under uncertainty framework (GAN-DUF), which contains a deep generative model that simultaneously learns a compact representation of nominal (ideal) designs and the conditional distribution of fabricated designs given any nominal design. This opens up new possibilities of (1) building a universal uncertainty quantification model compatible with both shape and topological designs, (2) modeling free-form geometric uncertainties without the need to make any assumptions on the distribution of geometric variability, and (3) allowing fast prediction of uncertainties for new nominal designs. We can combine the proposed deep generative model with robust design optimization or reliability-based design optimization for design under uncertainty. We demonstrated the framework on two real-world engineering design examples and showed its capability of finding the solution that possesses better performance after fabrication.},\n\tnumber = {011703},\n\turldate = {2023-09-20},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Mechanical Design},\n\tauthor = {Chen, Wei (Wayne) and Lee, Doksoo and Balogun, Oluwaseyi and Chen, Wei},\n\tmonth = oct,\n\tyear = {2022},\n\tfile = {Full Text PDF:C\\:\\\\Users\\\\Evan\\\\Zotero\\\\storage\\\\7GQCVJS6\\\\Chen et al. - 2022 - GAN-DUF Hierarchical Deep Generative Models for D.pdf:application/pdf},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  Deep generative models have demonstrated effectiveness in learning compact and expressive design representations that significantly improve geometric design optimization. However, these models do not consider the uncertainty introduced by manufacturing or fabrication. The past work that quantifies such uncertainty often makes simplifying assumptions on geometric variations, while the “real-world,” “free-form” uncertainty and its impact on design performance are difficult to quantify due to the high dimensionality. To address this issue, we propose a generative adversarial network-based design under uncertainty framework (GAN-DUF), which contains a deep generative model that simultaneously learns a compact representation of nominal (ideal) designs and the conditional distribution of fabricated designs given any nominal design. This opens up new possibilities of (1) building a universal uncertainty quantification model compatible with both shape and topological designs, (2) modeling free-form geometric uncertainties without the need to make any assumptions on the distribution of geometric variability, and (3) allowing fast prediction of uncertainties for new nominal designs. We can combine the proposed deep generative model with robust design optimization or reliability-based design optimization for design under uncertainty. We demonstrated the framework on two real-world engineering design examples and showed its capability of finding the solution that possesses better performance after fabrication.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"candry-godfrey-wang-sabba-dieppa-fudge-balogun-wells-etal-tailoringpolyvinylalcoholsodiumalginatepvasahydrogelbeadsbycontrollingcrosslinkingphandtime-2022\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-25111-7\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'candry-godfrey-wang-sabba-dieppa-fudge-balogun-wells-etal-tailoringpolyvinylalcoholsodiumalginatepvasahydrogelbeadsbycontrollingcrosslinkingphandtime-2022', 'https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-25111-7', event);\">\n    Tailoring polyvinyl alcohol-sodium alginate (PVA-SA) hydrogel beads by controlling crosslinking pH and time.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Candry, P.; Godfrey, B. J.; Wang, Z.; Sabba, F.; Dieppa, E.; Fudge, J.; Balogun, O.; Wells, G.;  and Winkler, M. H.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>Scientific Reports</i>, 12(1): 20822. December 2022.\n  <span class=\"note\">Number: 1 Publisher: Nature Publishing Group</span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-25111-7\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('candry-godfrey-wang-sabba-dieppa-fudge-balogun-wells-etal-tailoringpolyvinylalcoholsodiumalginatepvasahydrogelbeadsbycontrollingcrosslinkingphandtime-2022', 'https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-25111-7', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"Tailoring polyvinyl alcohol-sodium alginate (PVA-SA) hydrogel beads by controlling crosslinking pH and time [link]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-25111-7\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('candry-godfrey-wang-sabba-dieppa-fudge-balogun-wells-etal-tailoringpolyvinylalcoholsodiumalginatepvasahydrogelbeadsbycontrollingcrosslinkingphandtime-2022', 'http://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-25111-7', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/candry-godfrey-wang-sabba-dieppa-fudge-balogun-wells-etal-tailoringpolyvinylalcoholsodiumalginatepvasahydrogelbeadsbycontrollingcrosslinkingphandtime-2022\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('candry-godfrey-wang-sabba-dieppa-fudge-balogun-wells-etal-tailoringpolyvinylalcoholsodiumalginatepvasahydrogelbeadsbycontrollingcrosslinkingphandtime-2022')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{candry_tailoring_2022,\n\ttitle = {Tailoring polyvinyl alcohol-sodium alginate ({PVA}-{SA}) hydrogel beads by controlling crosslinking {pH} and time},\n\tvolume = {12},\n\tcopyright = {2022 The Author(s)},\n\tissn = {2045-2322},\n\turl = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-25111-7},\n\tdoi = {10.1038/s41598-022-25111-7},\n\tabstract = {Hydrogel-encapsulated catalysts are an attractive tool for low-cost intensification of (bio)-processes. Polyvinyl alcohol-sodium alginate hydrogels crosslinked with boric acid and post-cured with sulfate (PVA-SA-BS) have been applied in bioproduction and water treatment processes, but the low pH required for crosslinking may negatively affect biocatalyst functionality. Here, we investigate how crosslinking pH (3, 4, and 5) and time (1, 2, and 8 h) affect the physicochemical, elastic, and process properties of PVA-SA-BS beads. Overall, bead properties were most affected by crosslinking pH. Beads produced at pH 3 and 4 were smaller and contained larger internal cavities, while optical coherence tomography suggested polymer cross-linking density was higher. Optical coherence elastography revealed PVA-SA-BS beads produced at pH 3 and 4 were stiffer than pH 5 beads. Dextran Blue release showed that pH 3-produced beads enabled higher diffusion rates and were more porous. Last, over a 28-day incubation, pH 3 and 4 beads lost more microspheres (as cell proxies) than beads produced at pH 5, while the latter released more polymer material. Overall, this study provides a path forward to tailor PVA-SA-BS hydrogel bead properties towards a broad range of applications, such as chemical, enzymatic, and microbially catalyzed (bio)-processes.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2023-09-20},\n\tjournal = {Scientific Reports},\n\tauthor = {Candry, Pieter and Godfrey, Bruce J. and Wang, Ziwei and Sabba, Fabrizio and Dieppa, Evan and Fudge, Julia and Balogun, Oluwaseyi and Wells, George and Winkler, Mari-Karoliina Henriikka},\n\tmonth = dec,\n\tyear = {2022},\n\tnote = {Number: 1\nPublisher: Nature Publishing Group},\n\tkeywords = {Biotechnology, Chemical engineering, Gels and hydrogels},\n\tpages = {20822},\n\tfile = {Full Text PDF:C\\:\\\\Users\\\\Evan\\\\Zotero\\\\storage\\\\X8X9BHUF\\\\Candry et al. - 2022 - Tailoring polyvinyl alcohol-sodium alginate (PVA-S.pdf:application/pdf},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  Hydrogel-encapsulated catalysts are an attractive tool for low-cost intensification of (bio)-processes. Polyvinyl alcohol-sodium alginate hydrogels crosslinked with boric acid and post-cured with sulfate (PVA-SA-BS) have been applied in bioproduction and water treatment processes, but the low pH required for crosslinking may negatively affect biocatalyst functionality. Here, we investigate how crosslinking pH (3, 4, and 5) and time (1, 2, and 8 h) affect the physicochemical, elastic, and process properties of PVA-SA-BS beads. Overall, bead properties were most affected by crosslinking pH. Beads produced at pH 3 and 4 were smaller and contained larger internal cavities, while optical coherence tomography suggested polymer cross-linking density was higher. Optical coherence elastography revealed PVA-SA-BS beads produced at pH 3 and 4 were stiffer than pH 5 beads. Dextran Blue release showed that pH 3-produced beads enabled higher diffusion rates and were more porous. Last, over a 28-day incubation, pH 3 and 4 beads lost more microspheres (as cell proxies) than beads produced at pH 5, while the latter released more polymer material. Overall, this study provides a path forward to tailor PVA-SA-BS hydrogel bead properties towards a broad range of applications, such as chemical, enzymatic, and microbially catalyzed (bio)-processes.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n\n\n\n  </div>\n\n\n  <!-- Modal -->\n\n  <!-- <iframe id=\"bibbase_network_frame\" -->\n  <!--         src=\"//bibbase.org/network/control\" -->\n  <!--         style=\"display: none;\"> -->\n  <!-- </iframe> -->\n\n</div>\n"}; document.write(bibbase_data.data);