var bibbase_data = {"data":"<img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/ajax-loader.gif\" id=\"spinner\"\n  style=\"display: none;\" alt=\"Loading..\" />\n\n<div id=\"bibbase\">\n\n  <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n    var bibbase = {\n      params: {\"bib\":\"https://bibbase.org/zotero/circ-publications\",\"jsonp\":\"1\",\"host\":\"bibbase.org\",\"ssl\":false},\n      data: [{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"The ecosystem effects of reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) in northern Fennoscandia: Past, present and future\",\"volume\":\"58\",\"issn\":\"1433-8319\",\"shorttitle\":\"The ecosystem effects of reindeer (<i>Rangifer tarandus</i>) in northern Fennoscandia\",\"url\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1433831922000580\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.ppees.2022.125716\",\"abstract\":\"The semi-domesticated nature of the reindeer (Rangifer tarandus L.) makes it a distinct case among the world’s herbivores. Here, we review the literature on how reindeer shape vegetation and soil carbon and nitrogen cycles in northernmost Fennoscandia. We first describe main historical events that shaped the present-day grazing patterns in the different countries, then discuss the methodological considerations needed for interpreting evidence from grazer exclosures in ecological and environmental contexts. We argue that it is critical to be aware that these experiments do not measure the effect of grazing per se, but rather, they measure the responses of existing ecosystem structure and function to the sudden cessation of grazing in an environment, which was to a large degree shaped by it. Studies show that the direction and the magnitude of the effects of reindeer on vegetation and soil processes vary across habitats and depend on both the current land-uses and the historically formed grazing regimes; knowledge of the history is thus a key prerequisite for understanding the role of reindeer in ecosystems. As a general trend, reindeer affect soil nutrient cycles to a stronger extent in subarctic than in boreal ecosystems. In sites where reindeer have changed soil nutrient availability, they indirectly modify vegetation and productivity even after the cessation of grazing. We reason that the concepts of cultural and natural landscapes are not mutually exclusive in the case of reindeer ranges. Understanding how the intensity and seasonal timing of both past and present grazing direct ecosystem changes under climate warming is crucial for predicting future ecosystem structures and functioning in northern Fennoscandia as well as ecosystems in general.\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Stark\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sari\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Horstkotte\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Tim\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kumpula\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jouko\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Olofsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Johan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Tømmervik\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Hans\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Turunen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Minna\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"March\",\"year\":\"2023\",\"keywords\":\"Boreal forests, Grazing, Mountain birch, Soil Nutrient Cycling, Tundra heath, Ungulate\",\"pages\":\"125716\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{stark_ecosystem_2023,\\n\\ttitle = {The ecosystem effects of reindeer ({Rangifer} tarandus) in northern {Fennoscandia}: {Past}, present and future},\\n\\tvolume = {58},\\n\\tissn = {1433-8319},\\n\\tshorttitle = {The ecosystem effects of reindeer (\\\\textit{{Rangifer} tarandus}) in northern {Fennoscandia}},\\n\\turl = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1433831922000580},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1016/j.ppees.2022.125716},\\n\\tabstract = {The semi-domesticated nature of the reindeer (Rangifer tarandus L.) makes it a distinct case among the world’s herbivores. Here, we review the literature on how reindeer shape vegetation and soil carbon and nitrogen cycles in northernmost Fennoscandia. We first describe main historical events that shaped the present-day grazing patterns in the different countries, then discuss the methodological considerations needed for interpreting evidence from grazer exclosures in ecological and environmental contexts. We argue that it is critical to be aware that these experiments do not measure the effect of grazing per se, but rather, they measure the responses of existing ecosystem structure and function to the sudden cessation of grazing in an environment, which was to a large degree shaped by it. Studies show that the direction and the magnitude of the effects of reindeer on vegetation and soil processes vary across habitats and depend on both the current land-uses and the historically formed grazing regimes; knowledge of the history is thus a key prerequisite for understanding the role of reindeer in ecosystems. As a general trend, reindeer affect soil nutrient cycles to a stronger extent in subarctic than in boreal ecosystems. In sites where reindeer have changed soil nutrient availability, they indirectly modify vegetation and productivity even after the cessation of grazing. We reason that the concepts of cultural and natural landscapes are not mutually exclusive in the case of reindeer ranges. Understanding how the intensity and seasonal timing of both past and present grazing direct ecosystem changes under climate warming is crucial for predicting future ecosystem structures and functioning in northern Fennoscandia as well as ecosystems in general.},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics},\\n\\tauthor = {Stark, Sari and Horstkotte, Tim and Kumpula, Jouko and Olofsson, Johan and Tømmervik, Hans and Turunen, Minna},\\n\\tmonth = mar,\\n\\tyear = {2023},\\n\\tkeywords = {Boreal forests, Grazing, Mountain birch, Soil Nutrient Cycling, Tundra heath, Ungulate},\\n\\tpages = {125716},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Stark, S.\",\"Horstkotte, T.\",\"Kumpula, J.\",\"Olofsson, J.\",\"Tømmervik, H.\",\"Turunen, M.\"],\"key\":\"stark_ecosystem_2023\",\"id\":\"stark_ecosystem_2023\",\"bibbaseid\":\"stark-horstkotte-kumpula-olofsson-tmmervik-turunen-theecosystemeffectsofreindeerrangifertarandusinnorthernfennoscandiapastpresentandfuture-2023\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1433831922000580\"},\"keyword\":[\"Boreal forests\",\"Grazing\",\"Mountain birch\",\"Soil Nutrient Cycling\",\"Tundra heath\",\"Ungulate\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Evergreen shrubs dominate responses to experimental summer warming and fertilization in Canadian mesic low arctic tundra\",\"volume\":\"102\",\"copyright\":\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor\",\"issn\":\"0022-0477, 1365-2745\",\"url\":\"https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1365-2745.12237\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/1365-2745.12237\",\"abstract\":\"Summary Climate change in arctic tundra is projected to increase soil fertility, which may alter plant community composition and ecosystem processes by shifting niche space to favour particular species' life‐history strategies. The rate and magnitude of change in soil fertility may be critical to determining plant community responses, and so effects of slow increases in nutrient availability due to climate warming may differ substantially from those of chronic high‐level fertilizer additions. We investigated above‐ and below‐ground plant biomass responses to experimental summer warming and above‐ground responses to nutrient additions (low‐level N and factorial N and P) in a mesic birch hummock tundra community in the central Canadian Low Arctic after eight years of experimental treatment. Plant community biomass responses to experimental warming were fundamentally different from those of high‐level N and/or P additions, mainly due to opposing effects on the evergreen shrubs. Evergreen shrub above‐ground biomass increased 66% with greenhouse warming, but decreased on average 70% with high‐level N and/or P additions, driven by the strong responses of Rhododendron subarcticum . Because of this evergreen response, greenhouse‐warming increased total above‐ground biomass by 32% and total below‐ground biomass by 70%, but did not significantly change the total above‐ground/below‐ground biomass ratio. However, warming increased the shoot/root ratio of Betula glandulosa threefold. Increased soil fertility created interactions between N and P availability, whereby increased P availability led to a substantial increase in inorganic N availability. Meanwhile, the growth of several species that span a range of different functional groups was stimulated by the separate N and P additions. These factorial fertilization results highlight the importance of understanding climate warming impacts on availability of both of these nutrients in order to predict plant community responses. Synthesis . Our results strongly suggest that the trajectory of mesic tundra vegetation change with warming depends critically on the rate of increase in soil fertility. The relatively large greenhouse‐induced biomass increase in evergreen compared to deciduous shrubs suggests that carbon balance and albedo feedbacks to warming will be restricted in mesic tundra ecosystems, at least in their early responses to climate change.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"3\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Journal of Ecology\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Zamin\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Tara\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bret‐Harte\"],\"firstnames\":[\"M.\",\"Syndonia\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Grogan\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Paul\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"editor\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Aerts\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Rien\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"May\",\"year\":\"2014\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Nitrogen, Soil fertility, climate change, determinants of plant community diversity and structure, greenhouses, life history strategy, life-history strategy, nitrogen, nutrient addition, phosphorus, shrub growth, soil fertility, tundra vegetation\",\"pages\":\"749–766\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{zamin_evergreen_2014,\\n\\ttitle = {Evergreen shrubs dominate responses to experimental summer warming and fertilization in {Canadian} mesic low arctic tundra},\\n\\tvolume = {102},\\n\\tcopyright = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions\\\\#vor},\\n\\tissn = {0022-0477, 1365-2745},\\n\\turl = {https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1365-2745.12237},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/1365-2745.12237},\\n\\tabstract = {Summary\\n            \\n              \\n                \\n                  Climate change in arctic tundra is projected to increase soil fertility, which may alter plant community composition and ecosystem processes by shifting niche space to favour particular species' life‐history strategies. The rate and magnitude of change in soil fertility may be critical to determining plant community responses, and so effects of slow increases in nutrient availability due to climate warming may differ substantially from those of chronic high‐level fertilizer additions.\\n                \\n                \\n                  We investigated above‐ and below‐ground plant biomass responses to experimental summer warming and above‐ground responses to nutrient additions (low‐level N and factorial N and P) in a mesic birch hummock tundra community in the central Canadian Low Arctic after eight years of experimental treatment.\\n                \\n                \\n                  \\n                    Plant community biomass responses to experimental warming were fundamentally different from those of high‐level N and/or P additions, mainly due to opposing effects on the evergreen shrubs. Evergreen shrub above‐ground biomass increased 66\\\\% with greenhouse warming, but decreased on average 70\\\\% with high‐level N and/or P additions, driven by the strong responses of\\n                    Rhododendron subarcticum\\n                    . Because of this evergreen response, greenhouse‐warming increased total above‐ground biomass by 32\\\\% and total below‐ground biomass by 70\\\\%, but did not significantly change the total above‐ground/below‐ground biomass ratio. However, warming increased the shoot/root ratio of\\n                    Betula glandulosa\\n                    threefold.\\n                  \\n                \\n                \\n                  Increased soil fertility created interactions between N and P availability, whereby increased P availability led to a substantial increase in inorganic N availability. Meanwhile, the growth of several species that span a range of different functional groups was stimulated by the separate N and P additions. These factorial fertilization results highlight the importance of understanding climate warming impacts on availability of both of these nutrients in order to predict plant community responses.\\n                \\n                \\n                  \\n                    Synthesis\\n                    . Our results strongly suggest that the trajectory of mesic tundra vegetation change with warming depends critically on the rate of increase in soil fertility. The relatively large greenhouse‐induced biomass increase in evergreen compared to deciduous shrubs suggests that carbon balance and albedo feedbacks to warming will be restricted in mesic tundra ecosystems, at least in their early responses to climate change.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {3},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Journal of Ecology},\\n\\tauthor = {Zamin, Tara J. and Bret‐Harte, M. Syndonia and Grogan, Paul},\\n\\teditor = {Aerts, Rien},\\n\\tmonth = may,\\n\\tyear = {2014},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Nitrogen, Soil fertility, climate change, determinants of plant community diversity and structure, greenhouses, life history strategy, life-history strategy, nitrogen, nutrient addition, phosphorus, shrub growth, soil fertility, tundra vegetation},\\n\\tpages = {749--766},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Zamin, T. J.\",\"Bret‐Harte, M. S.\",\"Grogan, P.\"],\"editor_short\":[\"Aerts, R.\"],\"key\":\"zamin_evergreen_2014\",\"id\":\"zamin_evergreen_2014\",\"bibbaseid\":\"zamin-bretharte-grogan-evergreenshrubsdominateresponsestoexperimentalsummerwarmingandfertilizationincanadianmesiclowarctictundra-2014\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1365-2745.12237\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Nitrogen\",\"Soil fertility\",\"climate change\",\"determinants of plant community diversity and structure\",\"greenhouses\",\"life history strategy\",\"life-history strategy\",\"nitrogen\",\"nutrient addition\",\"phosphorus\",\"shrub growth\",\"soil fertility\",\"tundra vegetation\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Consequences of grazer-induced vegetation transitions on ecosystem carbon storage in the tundra\",\"volume\":\"32\",\"copyright\":\"© 2017 The Authors. Functional Ecology © 2017 British Ecological Society\",\"issn\":\"1365-2435\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1365-2435.13029\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/1365-2435.13029\",\"abstract\":\"Large herbivores can control plant community composition and, under certain conditions, even induce vegetation shifts to alternative ecosystem states. As different plant assemblages maintain contrasting carbon (C) cycling patterns, herbivores have the potential to alter C sequestration at regional scales. Their influence is of particular interest in the Arctic tundra, where a large share of the world's soil C reservoir is stored. We assessed the influence of grazing mammals on tundra vegetation and C stocks by resampling two sites located along pasture rotation fences in northern Norway. These fences have separated lightly grazed areas from heavily grazed areas (in close proximity to the fences) and moderately grazed areas (further away from the fences) for the past 50 years. Fourteen years earlier, the lightly and moderately grazed areas were dominated by dwarf shrubs, whereas heavy grazing had promoted the establishment of graminoid-dominated vegetation. Since then, both reindeer densities and temperatures have increased, and more time has passed for transient dynamics to be expressed. We expected that the vegetation and C stocks would have changed under all grazing intensities, but not necessarily in the same way. At the site where relative reindeer numbers and trampling intensity had increased the most, graminoid-dominated vegetation was now also found in the moderately grazed area. At the other site, the dominant vegetation types under all grazing intensities were the same as 14 years earlier. We show that the heavily grazed, graminoid-dominated areas stored less C above-ground than the lightly grazed, shrub-dominated areas. Yet, the below-ground consequences of grazing-induced grassification varied between the sites: Grazing did not alter organic soil C stocks at the site where both evergreen and deciduous shrubs were abundant in the lightly grazed area, whereas heavy grazing increased organic soil C stocks at the site where the deciduous shrub Betula nana was dominant. Our results indicate that, despite the negative impacts of grazers on above-ground C storage, their impact on below-ground C may even be positive. We suggest that the site-specific responses of organic soil C stocks to grazing could be explained by the differences in vegetation under light grazing. This would imply that the replacement of deciduous shrubs by graminoids, as a consequence of grazing could be beneficial for C sequestration in tundra soils. A plain language summary is available for this article.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"4\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Functional Ecology\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ylänne\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Henni\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Olofsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Johan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Oksanen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Lauri\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Stark\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sari\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2018\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2435.13029\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Carbon stocks, Grazing, Herbivory, Plant functional types, Plant–soil interactions, Rangifer tarandus, Reindeer, Soil carbon, carbon stocks, grazing, herbivory, plant functional types, plant–soil interactions, reindeer, soil carbon\",\"pages\":\"1091–1102\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{ylanne_consequences_2018,\\n\\ttitle = {Consequences of grazer-induced vegetation transitions on ecosystem carbon storage in the tundra},\\n\\tvolume = {32},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2017 The Authors. Functional Ecology © 2017 British Ecological Society},\\n\\tissn = {1365-2435},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1365-2435.13029},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/1365-2435.13029},\\n\\tabstract = {Large herbivores can control plant community composition and, under certain conditions, even induce vegetation shifts to alternative ecosystem states. As different plant assemblages maintain contrasting carbon (C) cycling patterns, herbivores have the potential to alter C sequestration at regional scales. Their influence is of particular interest in the Arctic tundra, where a large share of the world's soil C reservoir is stored. We assessed the influence of grazing mammals on tundra vegetation and C stocks by resampling two sites located along pasture rotation fences in northern Norway. These fences have separated lightly grazed areas from heavily grazed areas (in close proximity to the fences) and moderately grazed areas (further away from the fences) for the past 50 years. Fourteen years earlier, the lightly and moderately grazed areas were dominated by dwarf shrubs, whereas heavy grazing had promoted the establishment of graminoid-dominated vegetation. Since then, both reindeer densities and temperatures have increased, and more time has passed for transient dynamics to be expressed. We expected that the vegetation and C stocks would have changed under all grazing intensities, but not necessarily in the same way. At the site where relative reindeer numbers and trampling intensity had increased the most, graminoid-dominated vegetation was now also found in the moderately grazed area. At the other site, the dominant vegetation types under all grazing intensities were the same as 14 years earlier. We show that the heavily grazed, graminoid-dominated areas stored less C above-ground than the lightly grazed, shrub-dominated areas. Yet, the below-ground consequences of grazing-induced grassification varied between the sites: Grazing did not alter organic soil C stocks at the site where both evergreen and deciduous shrubs were abundant in the lightly grazed area, whereas heavy grazing increased organic soil C stocks at the site where the deciduous shrub Betula nana was dominant. Our results indicate that, despite the negative impacts of grazers on above-ground C storage, their impact on below-ground C may even be positive. We suggest that the site-specific responses of organic soil C stocks to grazing could be explained by the differences in vegetation under light grazing. This would imply that the replacement of deciduous shrubs by graminoids, as a consequence of grazing could be beneficial for C sequestration in tundra soils. A plain language summary is available for this article.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {4},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Functional Ecology},\\n\\tauthor = {Ylänne, Henni and Olofsson, Johan and Oksanen, Lauri and Stark, Sari},\\n\\tyear = {2018},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2435.13029},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Carbon stocks, Grazing, Herbivory, Plant functional types, Plant–soil interactions, Rangifer tarandus, Reindeer, Soil carbon, carbon stocks, grazing, herbivory, plant functional types, plant–soil interactions, reindeer, soil carbon},\\n\\tpages = {1091--1102},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Ylänne, H.\",\"Olofsson, J.\",\"Oksanen, L.\",\"Stark, S.\"],\"key\":\"ylanne_consequences_2018\",\"id\":\"ylanne_consequences_2018\",\"bibbaseid\":\"ylnne-olofsson-oksanen-stark-consequencesofgrazerinducedvegetationtransitionsonecosystemcarbonstorageinthetundra-2018\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1365-2435.13029\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Carbon stocks\",\"Grazing\",\"Herbivory\",\"Plant functional types\",\"Plant–soil interactions\",\"Rangifer tarandus\",\"Reindeer\",\"Soil carbon\",\"carbon stocks\",\"grazing\",\"herbivory\",\"plant functional types\",\"plant–soil interactions\",\"reindeer\",\"soil carbon\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Investigating the diet source influence on freshwater fish mercury bioaccumulation and fatty acids—Experiences from Swedish lakes and Chinese reservoirs\",\"issn\":\"1573-3017\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-023-02712-0\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10646-023-02712-0\",\"abstract\":\"Dietary uptake is key for transferring potentially toxic contaminants, such as mercury (Hg) and essential dietary nutrients, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), to consumers at higher trophic levels of aquatic food webs. We evaluated the role of diet sources for Hg bioaccumulation and PUFA retention in fish across lake food webs in seven Swedish lakes and two Chinese reservoirs. Fish total Hg (THg) and methyl-Hg (MeHg) differed greatly between the two countries: the Chinese fish contained less than 300 ng g−1 dry weight (d.w.) THg with less than 50% as MeHg, versus the Swedish fishes which contained approximately 2000 ng g−1 d.w. THg and nearly 100% as MeHg. Fatty acids enrichment of linoleic acids (LIN) were more prevalent in the Chinese fishes regardless of size (p \\\\textless 0.05). Here we examined food web length, fish growth rates, and fatty acids patterns in relation to the quality of fish as a food source for both Hg and FA. Contrary to the expectation that biodilution of Hg throughout the food chain would explain these differences, a more complex picture emerged with high levels of Hg at the base of the food web in the Chinese reservoirs, a decoupling of fatty acid and Hg bioaccumulation, and a major role for both fish stocking and fish feed. It is hoped that this work will provide a nuanced picture of fish quality as a food source in different ecosystems.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Ecotoxicology\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Wu\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Pianpian\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Yan\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Haiyu\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kainz\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Martin\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Branfireun\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Brian\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bergström\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ann-Kristin\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jing\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Min\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bishop\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Kevin\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"November\",\"year\":\"2023\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{wu_investigating_2023,\\n\\ttitle = {Investigating the diet source influence on freshwater fish mercury bioaccumulation and fatty acids—{Experiences} from {Swedish} lakes and {Chinese} reservoirs},\\n\\tissn = {1573-3017},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-023-02712-0},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s10646-023-02712-0},\\n\\tabstract = {Dietary uptake is key for transferring potentially toxic contaminants, such as mercury (Hg) and essential dietary nutrients, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), to consumers at higher trophic levels of aquatic food webs. We evaluated the role of diet sources for Hg bioaccumulation and PUFA retention in fish across lake food webs in seven Swedish lakes and two Chinese reservoirs. Fish total Hg (THg) and methyl-Hg (MeHg) differed greatly between the two countries: the Chinese fish contained less than 300 ng g−1 dry weight (d.w.) THg with less than 50\\\\% as MeHg, versus the Swedish fishes which contained approximately 2000 ng g−1 d.w. THg and nearly 100\\\\% as MeHg. Fatty acids enrichment of linoleic acids (LIN) were more prevalent in the Chinese fishes regardless of size (p {\\\\textless} 0.05). Here we examined food web length, fish growth rates, and fatty acids patterns in relation to the quality of fish as a food source for both Hg and FA. Contrary to the expectation that biodilution of Hg throughout the food chain would explain these differences, a more complex picture emerged with high levels of Hg at the base of the food web in the Chinese reservoirs, a decoupling of fatty acid and Hg bioaccumulation, and a major role for both fish stocking and fish feed. It is hoped that this work will provide a nuanced picture of fish quality as a food source in different ecosystems.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Ecotoxicology},\\n\\tauthor = {Wu, Pianpian and Yan, Haiyu and Kainz, Martin J. and Branfireun, Brian and Bergström, Ann-Kristin and Jing, Min and Bishop, Kevin},\\n\\tmonth = nov,\\n\\tyear = {2023},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Wu, P.\",\"Yan, H.\",\"Kainz, M. J.\",\"Branfireun, B.\",\"Bergström, A.\",\"Jing, M.\",\"Bishop, K.\"],\"key\":\"wu_investigating_2023\",\"id\":\"wu_investigating_2023\",\"bibbaseid\":\"wu-yan-kainz-branfireun-bergstrm-jing-bishop-investigatingthedietsourceinfluenceonfreshwaterfishmercurybioaccumulationandfattyacidsexperiencesfromswedishlakesandchinesereservoirs-2023\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-023-02712-0\"},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Human-mediated introduction of geoengineering earthworms in the Fennoscandian arctic\",\"volume\":\"20\",\"issn\":\"1573-1464\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-017-1642-7\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10530-017-1642-7\",\"abstract\":\"It is now well established that European earthworms are re-shaping formerly glaciated forests in North America with dramatic ecological consequences. However, few have considered the potential invasiveness of this species assemblage in the European arctic. Here we argue that some earthworm species (Lumbricus rubellus, Lumbricus terrestris and Aporrectodea sp.) with great geomorphological impact (geoengineering species) are non-native and invasive in the Fennoscandian arctic birch forests, where they have been introduced by agrarian settlers and most recently through recreational fishing and gardening. Our exploratory surveys indicate no obvious historical dispersal mechanism that can explain early arrival of these earthworms into the Fennoscandian arctic: that is, these species do not appear to establish naturally along coastlines mimicking conditions following deglaciation in Fennoscandia, nor were they spread by early native (Sami) cultures. The importance of anthropogenic sources and the invasive characteristics of L. rubellus and Aporrectodea sp. in the arctic is evident from their radiation outwards from abandoned farms and modern cabin lawns into adjacent arctic birch forests. They appear to outcompete previously established litter-dwelling earthworm species (i.e. Dendrobaena octaedra) that likely colonized the Fennoscandian landscape rapidly following deglaciation via hydrochory and/or dispersal by early Sami settlements. The high geoengineering earthworm biomasses, their recognized ecological impact in other formerly glaciated environments, and their persistence once established leads us to suggest that geoengineering earthworms may pose a potent threat to some of the most remote and protected arctic environments in northern Europe.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"6\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Biological Invasions\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Wackett\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Adrian\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Yoo\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Kyungsoo\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Olofsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Johan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Klaminder\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jonatan\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"June\",\"year\":\"2018\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Arctic, Earthworm invasion, Hydrochory, Land use, Lumbricidae\",\"pages\":\"1377–1386\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{wackett_human-mediated_2018,\\n\\ttitle = {Human-mediated introduction of geoengineering earthworms in the {Fennoscandian} arctic},\\n\\tvolume = {20},\\n\\tissn = {1573-1464},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-017-1642-7},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s10530-017-1642-7},\\n\\tabstract = {It is now well established that European earthworms are re-shaping formerly glaciated forests in North America with dramatic ecological consequences. However, few have considered the potential invasiveness of this species assemblage in the European arctic. Here we argue that some earthworm species (Lumbricus rubellus, Lumbricus terrestris and Aporrectodea sp.) with great geomorphological impact (geoengineering species) are non-native and invasive in the Fennoscandian arctic birch forests, where they have been introduced by agrarian settlers and most recently through recreational fishing and gardening. Our exploratory surveys indicate no obvious historical dispersal mechanism that can explain early arrival of these earthworms into the Fennoscandian arctic: that is, these species do not appear to establish naturally along coastlines mimicking conditions following deglaciation in Fennoscandia, nor were they spread by early native (Sami) cultures. The importance of anthropogenic sources and the invasive characteristics of L. rubellus and Aporrectodea sp. in the arctic is evident from their radiation outwards from abandoned farms and modern cabin lawns into adjacent arctic birch forests. They appear to outcompete previously established litter-dwelling earthworm species (i.e. Dendrobaena octaedra) that likely colonized the Fennoscandian landscape rapidly following deglaciation via hydrochory and/or dispersal by early Sami settlements. The high geoengineering earthworm biomasses, their recognized ecological impact in other formerly glaciated environments, and their persistence once established leads us to suggest that geoengineering earthworms may pose a potent threat to some of the most remote and protected arctic environments in northern Europe.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {6},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Biological Invasions},\\n\\tauthor = {Wackett, Adrian A. and Yoo, Kyungsoo and Olofsson, Johan and Klaminder, Jonatan},\\n\\tmonth = jun,\\n\\tyear = {2018},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Arctic, Earthworm invasion, Hydrochory, Land use, Lumbricidae},\\n\\tpages = {1377--1386},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Wackett, A. A.\",\"Yoo, K.\",\"Olofsson, J.\",\"Klaminder, J.\"],\"key\":\"wackett_human-mediated_2018\",\"id\":\"wackett_human-mediated_2018\",\"bibbaseid\":\"wackett-yoo-olofsson-klaminder-humanmediatedintroductionofgeoengineeringearthwormsinthefennoscandianarctic-2018\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-017-1642-7\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Arctic\",\"Earthworm invasion\",\"Hydrochory\",\"Land use\",\"Lumbricidae\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Open tundra persist, but arctic features decline—Vegetation changes in the warming Fennoscandian tundra\",\"volume\":\"23\",\"copyright\":\"© 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd\",\"issn\":\"1365-2486\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.13710\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/gcb.13710\",\"abstract\":\"In the forest-tundra ecotone of the North Fennoscandian inland, summer and winter temperatures have increased by two to three centigrades since 1965, which is expected to result in major vegetation changes. To document the expected expansion of woodlands and scrublands and its impact on the arctic vegetation, we repeated a vegetation transect study conducted in 1976 in the Darju, spanning from woodland to a summit, 200 m above the tree line. Contrary to our expectations, tree line movement was not detected, and there was no increase in willows or shrubby mountain birches, either. Nevertheless, the stability of tundra was apparent. Small-sized, poorly competing arctic species had declined, lichen cover had decreased, and vascular plants, especially evergreen ericoid dwarf shrubs, had gained ground. The novel climate seems to favour competitive clonal species and species thriving in closed vegetation, creating a community hostile for seedling establishment, but equally hostile for many arctic species, too. Preventing trees and shrubs from invading the tundra is thus not sufficient for conserving arctic biota in the changing climate. The only dependable cure is to stop the global warming.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"9\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Global Change Biology\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Vuorinen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Katariina\",\"E.\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Oksanen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Lauri\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Oksanen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Tarja\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Pyykönen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Anni\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Olofsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Johan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Virtanen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Risto\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2017\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.13710\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Arctic, Empetrum nigrum, Lichens, alpine, arctic, climate change, disturbance, lichens, mosses, reindeer, tree line, tundra, vegetation\",\"pages\":\"3794–3807\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{vuorinen_open_2017,\\n\\ttitle = {Open tundra persist, but arctic features decline—{Vegetation} changes in the warming {Fennoscandian} tundra},\\n\\tvolume = {23},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2017 John Wiley \\\\& Sons Ltd},\\n\\tissn = {1365-2486},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.13710},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/gcb.13710},\\n\\tabstract = {In the forest-tundra ecotone of the North Fennoscandian inland, summer and winter temperatures have increased by two to three centigrades since 1965, which is expected to result in major vegetation changes. To document the expected expansion of woodlands and scrublands and its impact on the arctic vegetation, we repeated a vegetation transect study conducted in 1976 in the Darju, spanning from woodland to a summit, 200 m above the tree line. Contrary to our expectations, tree line movement was not detected, and there was no increase in willows or shrubby mountain birches, either. Nevertheless, the stability of tundra was apparent. Small-sized, poorly competing arctic species had declined, lichen cover had decreased, and vascular plants, especially evergreen ericoid dwarf shrubs, had gained ground. The novel climate seems to favour competitive clonal species and species thriving in closed vegetation, creating a community hostile for seedling establishment, but equally hostile for many arctic species, too. Preventing trees and shrubs from invading the tundra is thus not sufficient for conserving arctic biota in the changing climate. The only dependable cure is to stop the global warming.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {9},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Global Change Biology},\\n\\tauthor = {Vuorinen, Katariina E. M. and Oksanen, Lauri and Oksanen, Tarja and Pyykönen, Anni and Olofsson, Johan and Virtanen, Risto},\\n\\tyear = {2017},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.13710},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Arctic, Empetrum nigrum, Lichens, alpine, arctic, climate change, disturbance, lichens, mosses, reindeer, tree line, tundra, vegetation},\\n\\tpages = {3794--3807},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Vuorinen, K. E. M.\",\"Oksanen, L.\",\"Oksanen, T.\",\"Pyykönen, A.\",\"Olofsson, J.\",\"Virtanen, R.\"],\"key\":\"vuorinen_open_2017\",\"id\":\"vuorinen_open_2017\",\"bibbaseid\":\"vuorinen-oksanen-oksanen-pyyknen-olofsson-virtanen-opentundrapersistbutarcticfeaturesdeclinevegetationchangesinthewarmingfennoscandiantundra-2017\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.13710\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Arctic\",\"Empetrum nigrum\",\"Lichens\",\"alpine\",\"arctic\",\"climate change\",\"disturbance\",\"lichens\",\"mosses\",\"reindeer\",\"tree line\",\"tundra\",\"vegetation\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Coordinated responses of soil communities to elevation in three subarctic vegetation types\",\"volume\":\"126\",\"copyright\":\"© 2017 The Authors\",\"issn\":\"1600-0706\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/oik.04158\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/oik.04158\",\"abstract\":\"Global warming has begun to have a major impact on the species composition and functioning of plant and soil communities. However, long-term community and ecosystem responses to increased temperature are still poorly understood. In this study, we used a well-established elevational gradient in northern Sweden to elucidate how plant, microbial and nematode communities shift with elevation and associated changes in temperature in three highly contrasting vegetation types (i.e. heath, meadow and Salix vegetation). We found that responses of both the abundance and composition of microbial and nematode communities to elevation differed greatly among the vegetation types. Within vegetation types, changes with elevation of plant, microbial and nematode communities were mostly linked at fine levels of taxonomic resolution, but this pattern disappeared when coarser functional group levels were considered. Further, nematode communities shifted towards more conservative nutrient cycling strategies with increasing elevation in heath and meadow vegetation. Conversely, in Salix vegetation microbial communities with conservative strategies were most pronounced at the mid-elevation. These results provide limited support for increasing conservative nutrient cycling strategies at higher elevation (i.e. with a harsher climate). Our findings indicate that climate-induced changes in plant community composition may greatly modify or counteract the impact of climate change on soil communities. Therefore, to better understand and predict ecosystem responses to climate change, it will be crucial to consider vegetation type and its specific interactions with soil communities.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"11\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Oikos\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Veen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"G.\",\"F.\",\"(Ciska)\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"De\",\"Long\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jonathan\",\"R.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kardol\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Paul\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sundqvist\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Maja\",\"K.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Snoek\"],\"firstnames\":[\"L.\",\"Basten\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Wardle\"],\"firstnames\":[\"David\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2017\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://nsojournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/oik.04158\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource\",\"pages\":\"1586–1599\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{veen_coordinated_2017,\\n\\ttitle = {Coordinated responses of soil communities to elevation in three subarctic vegetation types},\\n\\tvolume = {126},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2017 The Authors},\\n\\tissn = {1600-0706},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/oik.04158},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/oik.04158},\\n\\tabstract = {Global warming has begun to have a major impact on the species composition and functioning of plant and soil communities. However, long-term community and ecosystem responses to increased temperature are still poorly understood. In this study, we used a well-established elevational gradient in northern Sweden to elucidate how plant, microbial and nematode communities shift with elevation and associated changes in temperature in three highly contrasting vegetation types (i.e. heath, meadow and Salix vegetation). We found that responses of both the abundance and composition of microbial and nematode communities to elevation differed greatly among the vegetation types. Within vegetation types, changes with elevation of plant, microbial and nematode communities were mostly linked at fine levels of taxonomic resolution, but this pattern disappeared when coarser functional group levels were considered. Further, nematode communities shifted towards more conservative nutrient cycling strategies with increasing elevation in heath and meadow vegetation. Conversely, in Salix vegetation microbial communities with conservative strategies were most pronounced at the mid-elevation. These results provide limited support for increasing conservative nutrient cycling strategies at higher elevation (i.e. with a harsher climate). Our findings indicate that climate-induced changes in plant community composition may greatly modify or counteract the impact of climate change on soil communities. Therefore, to better understand and predict ecosystem responses to climate change, it will be crucial to consider vegetation type and its specific interactions with soil communities.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {11},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Oikos},\\n\\tauthor = {Veen, G. F. (Ciska) and De Long, Jonathan R. and Kardol, Paul and Sundqvist, Maja K. and Snoek, L. Basten and Wardle, David A.},\\n\\tyear = {2017},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://nsojournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/oik.04158},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource},\\n\\tpages = {1586--1599},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Veen, G. F. (.\",\"De Long, J. R.\",\"Kardol, P.\",\"Sundqvist, M. K.\",\"Snoek, L. B.\",\"Wardle, D. A.\"],\"key\":\"veen_coordinated_2017\",\"id\":\"veen_coordinated_2017\",\"bibbaseid\":\"veen-delong-kardol-sundqvist-snoek-wardle-coordinatedresponsesofsoilcommunitiestoelevationinthreesubarcticvegetationtypes-2017\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/oik.04158\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Effects of Terrestrial Organic Matter on Aquatic Primary Production as Mediated by Pelagic–Benthic Resource Fluxes\",\"volume\":\"21\",\"issn\":\"1435-0629\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-017-0217-x\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10021-017-0217-x\",\"abstract\":\"Flows of energy and matter across habitat boundaries can be major determinants of the functioning of recipient ecosystems. It is currently debated whether terrestrial dissolved organic matter (tDOM) is a resource subsidy or a resource subtraction in recipient lakes. We present data from a long-term field experiment in which pelagic phosphorus concentration and whole-ecosystem primary production increased with increasing tDOM input, suggesting that tDOM acted primarily as a direct nutrient subsidy. Piecewise structural equation modeling supports, however, a substantial contribution of a second mechanism: colored tDOM acted also as a resource subtraction by shading benthic algae, preventing them from intercepting nutrients released across the sediment–water interface. Inhibition of benthic algae by colored tDOM thus indirectly promoted pelagic algae and whole-ecosystem primary production. We conclude that cross-ecosystem terrestrial DOM inputs can modify light and nutrient flows between aquatic habitats and alter the relative contributions of benthic and pelagic habitats to total primary production. These results are particularly relevant for shallow northern lakes, which are projected to receive increased tDOM runoff.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"6\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Ecosystems\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Rivera\",\"Vasconcelos\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Francisco\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Diehl\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sebastian\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Rodríguez\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Patricia\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Karlsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Byström\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Pär\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"September\",\"year\":\"2018\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, allochthonous input, benthic, brownification, dissolved organic matter, light, nutrients, pelagic, piecewise SEM, resource competition, spatial subsidy, warming\",\"pages\":\"1255–1268\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{rivera_vasconcelos_effects_2018,\\n\\ttitle = {Effects of {Terrestrial} {Organic} {Matter} on {Aquatic} {Primary} {Production} as {Mediated} by {Pelagic}–{Benthic} {Resource} {Fluxes}},\\n\\tvolume = {21},\\n\\tissn = {1435-0629},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-017-0217-x},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s10021-017-0217-x},\\n\\tabstract = {Flows of energy and matter across habitat boundaries can be major determinants of the functioning of recipient ecosystems. It is currently debated whether terrestrial dissolved organic matter (tDOM) is a resource subsidy or a resource subtraction in recipient lakes. We present data from a long-term field experiment in which pelagic phosphorus concentration and whole-ecosystem primary production increased with increasing tDOM input, suggesting that tDOM acted primarily as a direct nutrient subsidy. Piecewise structural equation modeling supports, however, a substantial contribution of a second mechanism: colored tDOM acted also as a resource subtraction by shading benthic algae, preventing them from intercepting nutrients released across the sediment–water interface. Inhibition of benthic algae by colored tDOM thus indirectly promoted pelagic algae and whole-ecosystem primary production. We conclude that cross-ecosystem terrestrial DOM inputs can modify light and nutrient flows between aquatic habitats and alter the relative contributions of benthic and pelagic habitats to total primary production. These results are particularly relevant for shallow northern lakes, which are projected to receive increased tDOM runoff.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {6},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Ecosystems},\\n\\tauthor = {Rivera Vasconcelos, Francisco and Diehl, Sebastian and Rodríguez, Patricia and Karlsson, Jan and Byström, Pär},\\n\\tmonth = sep,\\n\\tyear = {2018},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, allochthonous input, benthic, brownification, dissolved organic matter, light, nutrients, pelagic, piecewise SEM, resource competition, spatial subsidy, warming},\\n\\tpages = {1255--1268},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Rivera Vasconcelos, F.\",\"Diehl, S.\",\"Rodríguez, P.\",\"Karlsson, J.\",\"Byström, P.\"],\"key\":\"rivera_vasconcelos_effects_2018\",\"id\":\"rivera_vasconcelos_effects_2018\",\"bibbaseid\":\"riveravasconcelos-diehl-rodrguez-karlsson-bystrm-effectsofterrestrialorganicmatteronaquaticprimaryproductionasmediatedbypelagicbenthicresourcefluxes-2018\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-017-0217-x\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"allochthonous input\",\"benthic\",\"brownification\",\"dissolved organic matter\",\"light\",\"nutrients\",\"pelagic\",\"piecewise SEM\",\"resource competition\",\"spatial subsidy\",\"warming\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Potential contributions of root decomposition to the nitrogen cycle in arctic forest and tundra\",\"volume\":\"7\",\"copyright\":\"© 2017 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.\",\"issn\":\"2045-7758\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ece3.3522\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/ece3.3522\",\"abstract\":\"Plant contributions to the nitrogen (N) cycle from decomposition are likely to be altered by vegetation shifts associated with climate change. Roots account for the majority of soil organic matter input from vegetation, but little is known about differences between vegetation types in their root contributions to nutrient cycling. Here, we examine the potential contribution of fine roots to the N cycle in forest and tundra to gain insight into belowground consequences of the widely observed increase in woody vegetation that accompanies climate change in the Arctic. We combined measurements of root production from minirhizotron images with tissue analysis of roots from differing root diameter and color classes to obtain potential N input following decomposition. In addition, we tested for changes in N concentration of roots during early stages of decomposition, and investigated whether vegetation type (forest or tundra) affected changes in tissue N concentration during decomposition. For completeness, we also present respective measurements of leaves. The potential N input from roots was twofold greater in forest than in tundra, mainly due to greater root production in forest. Potential N input varied with root diameter and color, but this variation tended to be similar in forest and tundra. As for roots, the potential N input from leaves was significantly greater in forest than in tundra. Vegetation type had no effect on changes in root or leaf N concentration after 1 year of decomposition. Our results suggest that shifts in vegetation that accompany climate change in the Arctic will likely increase plant-associated potential N input both belowground and aboveground. In contrast, shifts in vegetation might not alter changes in tissue N concentration during early stages of decomposition. Overall, differences between forest and tundra in potential contribution of decomposing roots to the N cycle reinforce differences between habitats that occur for leaves.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"24\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Ecology and Evolution\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Träger\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sabrina\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Milbau\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ann\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Wilson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Scott\",\"D.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2017\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ece3.3522\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, home-field advantage, litter quality, minirhizotron, nitrogen content, plant litter, reciprocal transplant experiment, root production\",\"pages\":\"11021–11032\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{trager_potential_2017,\\n\\ttitle = {Potential contributions of root decomposition to the nitrogen cycle in arctic forest and tundra},\\n\\tvolume = {7},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2017 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley \\\\& Sons Ltd.},\\n\\tissn = {2045-7758},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ece3.3522},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1002/ece3.3522},\\n\\tabstract = {Plant contributions to the nitrogen (N) cycle from decomposition are likely to be altered by vegetation shifts associated with climate change. Roots account for the majority of soil organic matter input from vegetation, but little is known about differences between vegetation types in their root contributions to nutrient cycling. Here, we examine the potential contribution of fine roots to the N cycle in forest and tundra to gain insight into belowground consequences of the widely observed increase in woody vegetation that accompanies climate change in the Arctic. We combined measurements of root production from minirhizotron images with tissue analysis of roots from differing root diameter and color classes to obtain potential N input following decomposition. In addition, we tested for changes in N concentration of roots during early stages of decomposition, and investigated whether vegetation type (forest or tundra) affected changes in tissue N concentration during decomposition. For completeness, we also present respective measurements of leaves. The potential N input from roots was twofold greater in forest than in tundra, mainly due to greater root production in forest. Potential N input varied with root diameter and color, but this variation tended to be similar in forest and tundra. As for roots, the potential N input from leaves was significantly greater in forest than in tundra. Vegetation type had no effect on changes in root or leaf N concentration after 1 year of decomposition. Our results suggest that shifts in vegetation that accompany climate change in the Arctic will likely increase plant-associated potential N input both belowground and aboveground. In contrast, shifts in vegetation might not alter changes in tissue N concentration during early stages of decomposition. Overall, differences between forest and tundra in potential contribution of decomposing roots to the N cycle reinforce differences between habitats that occur for leaves.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {24},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Ecology and Evolution},\\n\\tauthor = {Träger, Sabrina and Milbau, Ann and Wilson, Scott D.},\\n\\tyear = {2017},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ece3.3522},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, home-field advantage, litter quality, minirhizotron, nitrogen content, plant litter, reciprocal transplant experiment, root production},\\n\\tpages = {11021--11032},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Träger, S.\",\"Milbau, A.\",\"Wilson, S. D.\"],\"key\":\"trager_potential_2017\",\"id\":\"trager_potential_2017\",\"bibbaseid\":\"trger-milbau-wilson-potentialcontributionsofrootdecompositiontothenitrogencycleinarcticforestandtundra-2017\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ece3.3522\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"home-field advantage\",\"litter quality\",\"minirhizotron\",\"nitrogen content\",\"plant litter\",\"reciprocal transplant experiment\",\"root production\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Climate change-induced vegetation shifts lead to more ecological droughts despite projected rainfall increases in many global temperate drylands\",\"volume\":\"23\",\"copyright\":\"© 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd\",\"issn\":\"1365-2486\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.13598\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/gcb.13598\",\"abstract\":\"Drylands occur worldwide and are particularly vulnerable to climate change because dryland ecosystems depend directly on soil water availability that may become increasingly limited as temperatures rise. Climate change will both directly impact soil water availability and change plant biomass, with resulting indirect feedbacks on soil moisture. Thus, the net impact of direct and indirect climate change effects on soil moisture requires better understanding. We used the ecohydrological simulation model SOILWAT at sites from temperate dryland ecosystems around the globe to disentangle the contributions of direct climate change effects and of additional indirect, climate change-induced changes in vegetation on soil water availability. We simulated current and future climate conditions projected by 16 GCMs under RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 for the end of the century. We determined shifts in water availability due to climate change alone and due to combined changes of climate and the growth form and biomass of vegetation. Vegetation change will mostly exacerbate low soil water availability in regions already expected to suffer from negative direct impacts of climate change (with the two RCP scenarios giving us qualitatively similar effects). By contrast, in regions that will likely experience increased water availability due to climate change alone, vegetation changes will counteract these increases due to increased water losses by interception. In only a small minority of locations, climate change-induced vegetation changes may lead to a net increase in water availability. These results suggest that changes in vegetation in response to climate change may exacerbate drought conditions and may dampen the effects of increased precipitation, that is, leading to more ecological droughts despite higher precipitation in some regions. Our results underscore the value of considering indirect effects of climate change on vegetation when assessing future soil moisture conditions in water-limited ecosystems.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"7\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Global Change Biology\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Tietjen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Britta\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Schlaepfer\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Daniel\",\"R.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bradford\"],\"firstnames\":[\"John\",\"B.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lauenroth\"],\"firstnames\":[\"William\",\"K.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hall\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sonia\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Duniway\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Michael\",\"C.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hochstrasser\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Tamara\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jia\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Gensuo\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Munson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Seth\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Pyke\"],\"firstnames\":[\"David\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Wilson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Scott\",\"D.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2017\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.13598\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, direct and indirect effects, drought risk, ecohydrological model, shrub encroachment, soil water availability, vegetation impacts\",\"pages\":\"2743–2754\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{tietjen_climate_2017,\\n\\ttitle = {Climate change-induced vegetation shifts lead to more ecological droughts despite projected rainfall increases in many global temperate drylands},\\n\\tvolume = {23},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2017 John Wiley \\\\& Sons Ltd},\\n\\tissn = {1365-2486},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.13598},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/gcb.13598},\\n\\tabstract = {Drylands occur worldwide and are particularly vulnerable to climate change because dryland ecosystems depend directly on soil water availability that may become increasingly limited as temperatures rise. Climate change will both directly impact soil water availability and change plant biomass, with resulting indirect feedbacks on soil moisture. Thus, the net impact of direct and indirect climate change effects on soil moisture requires better understanding. We used the ecohydrological simulation model SOILWAT at sites from temperate dryland ecosystems around the globe to disentangle the contributions of direct climate change effects and of additional indirect, climate change-induced changes in vegetation on soil water availability. We simulated current and future climate conditions projected by 16 GCMs under RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 for the end of the century. We determined shifts in water availability due to climate change alone and due to combined changes of climate and the growth form and biomass of vegetation. Vegetation change will mostly exacerbate low soil water availability in regions already expected to suffer from negative direct impacts of climate change (with the two RCP scenarios giving us qualitatively similar effects). By contrast, in regions that will likely experience increased water availability due to climate change alone, vegetation changes will counteract these increases due to increased water losses by interception. In only a small minority of locations, climate change-induced vegetation changes may lead to a net increase in water availability. These results suggest that changes in vegetation in response to climate change may exacerbate drought conditions and may dampen the effects of increased precipitation, that is, leading to more ecological droughts despite higher precipitation in some regions. Our results underscore the value of considering indirect effects of climate change on vegetation when assessing future soil moisture conditions in water-limited ecosystems.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {7},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Global Change Biology},\\n\\tauthor = {Tietjen, Britta and Schlaepfer, Daniel R. and Bradford, John B. and Lauenroth, William K. and Hall, Sonia A. and Duniway, Michael C. and Hochstrasser, Tamara and Jia, Gensuo and Munson, Seth M. and Pyke, David A. and Wilson, Scott D.},\\n\\tyear = {2017},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.13598},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, direct and indirect effects, drought risk, ecohydrological model, shrub encroachment, soil water availability, vegetation impacts},\\n\\tpages = {2743--2754},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Tietjen, B.\",\"Schlaepfer, D. R.\",\"Bradford, J. B.\",\"Lauenroth, W. K.\",\"Hall, S. A.\",\"Duniway, M. C.\",\"Hochstrasser, T.\",\"Jia, G.\",\"Munson, S. M.\",\"Pyke, D. A.\",\"Wilson, S. D.\"],\"key\":\"tietjen_climate_2017\",\"id\":\"tietjen_climate_2017\",\"bibbaseid\":\"tietjen-schlaepfer-bradford-lauenroth-hall-duniway-hochstrasser-jia-etal-climatechangeinducedvegetationshiftsleadtomoreecologicaldroughtsdespiteprojectedrainfallincreasesinmanyglobaltemperatedrylands-2017\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.13598\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"direct and indirect effects\",\"drought risk\",\"ecohydrological model\",\"shrub encroachment\",\"soil water availability\",\"vegetation impacts\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Natural causes of the tundra-taiga boundary\",\"volume\":\"12\",\"url\":\"http://www.jstor.org/stable/25094572\",\"doi\":\"https://www.jstor.org/stable/25094572\",\"urldate\":\"2017-01-13\",\"journal\":\"Ambio\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sveinbjörnsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Bjartmar\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hofgaard\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Annika\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lloyd\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Andrea\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2002\",\"note\":\"00077\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, ⛔ No DOI found\",\"pages\":\"23–29\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{sveinbjornsson_natural_2002,\\n\\ttitle = {Natural causes of the tundra-taiga boundary},\\n\\tvolume = {12},\\n\\turl = {http://www.jstor.org/stable/25094572},\\n\\tdoi = {https://www.jstor.org/stable/25094572},\\n\\turldate = {2017-01-13},\\n\\tjournal = {Ambio},\\n\\tauthor = {Sveinbjörnsson, Bjartmar and Hofgaard, Annika and Lloyd, Andrea},\\n\\tyear = {2002},\\n\\tnote = {00077},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, ⛔ No DOI found},\\n\\tpages = {23--29},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Sveinbjörnsson, B.\",\"Hofgaard, A.\",\"Lloyd, A.\"],\"key\":\"sveinbjornsson_natural_2002\",\"id\":\"sveinbjornsson_natural_2002\",\"bibbaseid\":\"sveinbjrnsson-hofgaard-lloyd-naturalcausesofthetundrataigaboundary-2002\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"http://www.jstor.org/stable/25094572\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"⛔ No DOI found\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Decreased Soil Microbial Nitrogen Under Vegetation ‘Shrubification’ in the Subarctic Forest–Tundra Ecotone: The Potential Role of Increasing Nutrient Competition Between Plants and Soil Microorganisms\",\"volume\":\"26\",\"issn\":\"1435-0629\",\"shorttitle\":\"Decreased Soil Microbial Nitrogen Under Vegetation ‘Shrubification’ in the Subarctic Forest–Tundra Ecotone\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-023-00847-z\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10021-023-00847-z\",\"abstract\":\"The consequences of warming-induced ‘shrubification’ on Arctic soil carbon storage are receiving increased attention, as the majority of ecosystem carbon in these systems is stored in soils. Soil carbon cycles in these ecosystems are usually tightly coupled with nitrogen availability. Soil microbial responses to ‘shrubification’ may depend on the traits of the shrub species that increase in response to warming. Increase in deciduous shrubs such as Betula nana likely promotes a loss of soil carbon, whereas the opposite may be true if evergreen shrubs such as Empetrum hermaphroditum increase. We analyzed soil organic matter stocks and 13C NMR fractions, microbial CO2 respiration, biomass, extracellular enzyme activities (EEAs), and their association with shrub density in northern Sweden after 20 years of experimental warming using open top chambers (OTCs). Our study sites were located in a tundra heath that stores high soil carbon quantities and where the OTCs had increased deciduous shrubs, and in a mountain birch forest that stores lower soil carbon quantities and where the OTCs had increased evergreen shrubs. We predicted that organic matter stocks should be lower and respiration and EEAs higher inside the OTCs than untreated plots in the tundra, whereas no effect should be detected in the forest. Soil organic matter stocks and 13C NMR fractions remained unaffected at both sites. When expressed as per gram microbial biomass, respiration and EEAs for carbohydrate and chitin degradation were higher inside the OTCs, and contrasting our prediction, this effect was stronger in the forest. Unexpectedly, the OTCs also led to a substantially lower microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen irrespective of habitat. The decline in the microbial biomass counteracted increased activities resulting in no effect of the OTCs on respiration and a lower phenol oxidase activity per gram soil. Microbial biomass nitrogen correlated negatively with evergreen shrub density at both sites, indicating that ‘shrubification’ may have intensified nutrient competition between plants and soil microorganisms. Nutrient limitation could also underlie increased respiration per gram microbial biomass through limiting C assimilation into biomass. We hypothesize that increasing nutrient immobilization into long-lived evergreen shrubs could over time induce microbial nutrient limitation that contributes to a stability of accumulated soil organic matter stocks under climate warming.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"7\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Ecosystems\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Stark\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sari\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kumar\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Manoj\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Myrsky\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Eero\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Vuorinen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jere\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kantola\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Anu\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Telkki\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ville-Veikko\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sjögersten\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sofie\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Olofsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Johan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Männistö\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Minna\",\"K.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"November\",\"year\":\"2023\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, CO2 release, Empetrum hermaphroditum, climate warming, extracellular enzymes, mountain birch forest, soil organic matter, tundra heath\",\"pages\":\"1504–1523\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{stark_decreased_2023,\\n\\ttitle = {Decreased {Soil} {Microbial} {Nitrogen} {Under} {Vegetation} ‘{Shrubification}’ in the {Subarctic} {Forest}–{Tundra} {Ecotone}: {The} {Potential} {Role} of {Increasing} {Nutrient} {Competition} {Between} {Plants} and {Soil} {Microorganisms}},\\n\\tvolume = {26},\\n\\tissn = {1435-0629},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Decreased {Soil} {Microbial} {Nitrogen} {Under} {Vegetation} ‘{Shrubification}’ in the {Subarctic} {Forest}–{Tundra} {Ecotone}},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-023-00847-z},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s10021-023-00847-z},\\n\\tabstract = {The consequences of warming-induced ‘shrubification’ on Arctic soil carbon storage are receiving increased attention, as the majority of ecosystem carbon in these systems is stored in soils. Soil carbon cycles in these ecosystems are usually tightly coupled with nitrogen availability. Soil microbial responses to ‘shrubification’ may depend on the traits of the shrub species that increase in response to warming. Increase in deciduous shrubs such as Betula nana likely promotes a loss of soil carbon, whereas the opposite may be true if evergreen shrubs such as Empetrum hermaphroditum increase. We analyzed soil organic matter stocks and 13C NMR fractions, microbial CO2 respiration, biomass, extracellular enzyme activities (EEAs), and their association with shrub density in northern Sweden after 20 years of experimental warming using open top chambers (OTCs). Our study sites were located in a tundra heath that stores high soil carbon quantities and where the OTCs had increased deciduous shrubs, and in a mountain birch forest that stores lower soil carbon quantities and where the OTCs had increased evergreen shrubs. We predicted that organic matter stocks should be lower and respiration and EEAs higher inside the OTCs than untreated plots in the tundra, whereas no effect should be detected in the forest. Soil organic matter stocks and 13C NMR fractions remained unaffected at both sites. When expressed as per gram microbial biomass, respiration and EEAs for carbohydrate and chitin degradation were higher inside the OTCs, and contrasting our prediction, this effect was stronger in the forest. Unexpectedly, the OTCs also led to a substantially lower microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen irrespective of habitat. The decline in the microbial biomass counteracted increased activities resulting in no effect of the OTCs on respiration and a lower phenol oxidase activity per gram soil. Microbial biomass nitrogen correlated negatively with evergreen shrub density at both sites, indicating that ‘shrubification’ may have intensified nutrient competition between plants and soil microorganisms. Nutrient limitation could also underlie increased respiration per gram microbial biomass through limiting C assimilation into biomass. We hypothesize that increasing nutrient immobilization into long-lived evergreen shrubs could over time induce microbial nutrient limitation that contributes to a stability of accumulated soil organic matter stocks under climate warming.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {7},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Ecosystems},\\n\\tauthor = {Stark, Sari and Kumar, Manoj and Myrsky, Eero and Vuorinen, Jere and Kantola, Anu M. and Telkki, Ville-Veikko and Sjögersten, Sofie and Olofsson, Johan and Männistö, Minna K.},\\n\\tmonth = nov,\\n\\tyear = {2023},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, CO2 release, Empetrum hermaphroditum, climate warming, extracellular enzymes, mountain birch forest, soil organic matter, tundra heath},\\n\\tpages = {1504--1523},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Stark, S.\",\"Kumar, M.\",\"Myrsky, E.\",\"Vuorinen, J.\",\"Kantola, A. M.\",\"Telkki, V.\",\"Sjögersten, S.\",\"Olofsson, J.\",\"Männistö, M. K.\"],\"key\":\"stark_decreased_2023\",\"id\":\"stark_decreased_2023\",\"bibbaseid\":\"stark-kumar-myrsky-vuorinen-kantola-telkki-sjgersten-olofsson-etal-decreasedsoilmicrobialnitrogenundervegetationshrubificationinthesubarcticforesttundraecotonethepotentialroleofincreasingnutrientcompetitionbetweenplantsandsoilmicroorganisms-2023\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-023-00847-z\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"CO2 release\",\"Empetrum hermaphroditum\",\"climate warming\",\"extracellular enzymes\",\"mountain birch forest\",\"soil organic matter\",\"tundra heath\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Headwater Mires Constitute a Major Source of Nitrogen (N) to Surface Waters in the Boreal Landscape\",\"volume\":\"21\",\"issn\":\"1435-0629\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-017-0133-0\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10021-017-0133-0\",\"abstract\":\"Nutrient exports from soils have important implications for long-term patterns of nutrient limitation on land and resource delivery to aquatic environments. While plant–soil systems are notably efficient at retaining limiting nutrients, spatial and temporal mismatches in resource supply and demand may create opportunities for hydrologic losses to occur. Spatial mismatches may be particularly important in peat-forming landscapes, where the development of a two-layer vertical structure can isolate plant communities on the surface from resource pools that accumulate at depth. Our objectives were to test this idea in northern Sweden, where nitrogen (N) limitation of terrestrial plants is widespread, and where peat-forming, mire ecosystems are dominant features of the landscape. We quantified vertical patterns of N chemistry in a minerogenic mire, estimated the seasonal and annual hydrologic export of organic and inorganic N from this system, and evaluated the broader influence of mire cover on N chemistry across a stream network. Relatively high concentrations of ammonium (up to 2 mg l−1) were observed in groundwater several meters below the peat surface, and N was routed to the outlet stream along deep, preferential flowpaths. Areal estimates of inorganic N export from the mire were several times greater than from an adjacent, forested catchment, with markedly higher loss rates during the growing season, when plant N demand is ostensibly greatest. At broader scales, mire cover was positively correlated with long-term concentrations of inorganic and organic N in streams across the drainage network. This study provides an example of how mire formation and peat accumulation can create broad-scale heterogeneity in nutrient supply and demand across boreal landscapes. This mismatch allows for hydrologic losses of reactive N that are independent of annual plant demand and potentially important to receiving lakes and streams.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"1\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Ecosystems\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sponseller\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ryan\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Blackburn\"],\"firstnames\":[\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Nilsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"M.\",\"B.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Laudon\"],\"firstnames\":[\"H.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"January\",\"year\":\"2018\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, boreal, mire, nitrogen, peat, peatlands, watershed biogeochemistry\",\"pages\":\"31–44\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{sponseller_headwater_2018,\\n\\ttitle = {Headwater {Mires} {Constitute} a {Major} {Source} of {Nitrogen} ({N}) to {Surface} {Waters} in the {Boreal} {Landscape}},\\n\\tvolume = {21},\\n\\tissn = {1435-0629},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-017-0133-0},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s10021-017-0133-0},\\n\\tabstract = {Nutrient exports from soils have important implications for long-term patterns of nutrient limitation on land and resource delivery to aquatic environments. While plant–soil systems are notably efficient at retaining limiting nutrients, spatial and temporal mismatches in resource supply and demand may create opportunities for hydrologic losses to occur. Spatial mismatches may be particularly important in peat-forming landscapes, where the development of a two-layer vertical structure can isolate plant communities on the surface from resource pools that accumulate at depth. Our objectives were to test this idea in northern Sweden, where nitrogen (N) limitation of terrestrial plants is widespread, and where peat-forming, mire ecosystems are dominant features of the landscape. We quantified vertical patterns of N chemistry in a minerogenic mire, estimated the seasonal and annual hydrologic export of organic and inorganic N from this system, and evaluated the broader influence of mire cover on N chemistry across a stream network. Relatively high concentrations of ammonium (up to 2 mg l−1) were observed in groundwater several meters below the peat surface, and N was routed to the outlet stream along deep, preferential flowpaths. Areal estimates of inorganic N export from the mire were several times greater than from an adjacent, forested catchment, with markedly higher loss rates during the growing season, when plant N demand is ostensibly greatest. At broader scales, mire cover was positively correlated with long-term concentrations of inorganic and organic N in streams across the drainage network. This study provides an example of how mire formation and peat accumulation can create broad-scale heterogeneity in nutrient supply and demand across boreal landscapes. This mismatch allows for hydrologic losses of reactive N that are independent of annual plant demand and potentially important to receiving lakes and streams.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {1},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Ecosystems},\\n\\tauthor = {Sponseller, Ryan A. and Blackburn, M. and Nilsson, M. B. and Laudon, H.},\\n\\tmonth = jan,\\n\\tyear = {2018},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, boreal, mire, nitrogen, peat, peatlands, watershed biogeochemistry},\\n\\tpages = {31--44},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Sponseller, R. A.\",\"Blackburn, M.\",\"Nilsson, M. B.\",\"Laudon, H.\"],\"key\":\"sponseller_headwater_2018\",\"id\":\"sponseller_headwater_2018\",\"bibbaseid\":\"sponseller-blackburn-nilsson-laudon-headwatermiresconstituteamajorsourceofnitrogenntosurfacewatersintheboreallandscape-2018\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-017-0133-0\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"boreal\",\"mire\",\"nitrogen\",\"peat\",\"peatlands\",\"watershed biogeochemistry\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"downloads\":0,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Ecosystem Consequences of Changing Inputs of Terrestrial Dissolved Organic Matter to Lakes: Current Knowledge and Future Challenges\",\"volume\":\"18\",\"issn\":\"1435-0629\",\"shorttitle\":\"Ecosystem Consequences of Changing Inputs of Terrestrial Dissolved Organic Matter to Lakes\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-015-9848-y\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10021-015-9848-y\",\"abstract\":\"Lake ecosystems and the services that they provide to people are profoundly influenced by dissolved organic matter derived from terrestrial plant tissues. These terrestrial dissolved organic matter (tDOM) inputs to lakes have changed substantially in recent decades, and will likely continue to change. In this paper, we first briefly review the substantial literature describing tDOM effects on lakes and ongoing changes in tDOM inputs. We then identify and provide examples of four major challenges which limit predictions about the implications of tDOM change for lakes, as follows: First, it is currently difficult to forecast future tDOM inputs for particular lakes or lake regions. Second, tDOM influences ecosystems via complex, interacting, physical-chemical-biological effects and our holistic understanding of those effects is still rudimentary. Third, non-linearities and thresholds in relationships between tDOM inputs and ecosystem processes have not been well described. Fourth, much understanding of tDOM effects is built on comparative studies across space that may not capture likely responses through time. We conclude by identifying research approaches that may be important for overcoming those challenges in order to provide policy- and management-relevant predictions about the implications of changing tDOM inputs for lakes.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"3\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Ecosystems\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Solomon\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Christopher\",\"T.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jones\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Stuart\",\"E.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Weidel\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Brian\",\"C.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Buffam\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ishi\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Fork\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Megan\",\"L.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Karlsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Larsen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Søren\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lennon\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jay\",\"T.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Read\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jordan\",\"S.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sadro\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Steven\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Saros\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jasmine\",\"E.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"April\",\"year\":\"2015\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Environmental Management, Geoecology/Natural Processes, Hydrology/Water Resources, Plant Sciences, Zoology, allochthonous, dissolved organic carbon, dissolved organic matter, ecology, ecosystem, environmental change, lake, review, terrestrial inputs\",\"pages\":\"376–389\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{solomon_ecosystem_2015,\\n\\ttitle = {Ecosystem {Consequences} of {Changing} {Inputs} of {Terrestrial} {Dissolved} {Organic} {Matter} to {Lakes}: {Current} {Knowledge} and {Future} {Challenges}},\\n\\tvolume = {18},\\n\\tissn = {1435-0629},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Ecosystem {Consequences} of {Changing} {Inputs} of {Terrestrial} {Dissolved} {Organic} {Matter} to {Lakes}},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-015-9848-y},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s10021-015-9848-y},\\n\\tabstract = {Lake ecosystems and the services that they provide to people are profoundly influenced by dissolved organic matter derived from terrestrial plant tissues. These terrestrial dissolved organic matter (tDOM) inputs to lakes have changed substantially in recent decades, and will likely continue to change. In this paper, we first briefly review the substantial literature describing tDOM effects on lakes and ongoing changes in tDOM inputs. We then identify and provide examples of four major challenges which limit predictions about the implications of tDOM change for lakes, as follows: First, it is currently difficult to forecast future tDOM inputs for particular lakes or lake regions. Second, tDOM influences ecosystems via complex, interacting, physical-chemical-biological effects and our holistic understanding of those effects is still rudimentary. Third, non-linearities and thresholds in relationships between tDOM inputs and ecosystem processes have not been well described. Fourth, much understanding of tDOM effects is built on comparative studies across space that may not capture likely responses through time. We conclude by identifying research approaches that may be important for overcoming those challenges in order to provide policy- and management-relevant predictions about the implications of changing tDOM inputs for lakes.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {3},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Ecosystems},\\n\\tauthor = {Solomon, Christopher T. and Jones, Stuart E. and Weidel, Brian C. and Buffam, Ishi and Fork, Megan L. and Karlsson, Jan and Larsen, Søren and Lennon, Jay T. and Read, Jordan S. and Sadro, Steven and Saros, Jasmine E.},\\n\\tmonth = apr,\\n\\tyear = {2015},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Environmental Management, Geoecology/Natural Processes, Hydrology/Water Resources, Plant Sciences, Zoology, allochthonous, dissolved organic carbon, dissolved organic matter, ecology, ecosystem, environmental change, lake, review, terrestrial inputs},\\n\\tpages = {376--389},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Solomon, C. T.\",\"Jones, S. E.\",\"Weidel, B. C.\",\"Buffam, I.\",\"Fork, M. L.\",\"Karlsson, J.\",\"Larsen, S.\",\"Lennon, J. T.\",\"Read, J. S.\",\"Sadro, S.\",\"Saros, J. E.\"],\"key\":\"solomon_ecosystem_2015\",\"id\":\"solomon_ecosystem_2015\",\"bibbaseid\":\"solomon-jones-weidel-buffam-fork-karlsson-larsen-lennon-etal-ecosystemconsequencesofchanginginputsofterrestrialdissolvedorganicmattertolakescurrentknowledgeandfuturechallenges-2015\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-015-9848-y\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Environmental Management\",\"Geoecology/Natural Processes\",\"Hydrology/Water Resources\",\"Plant Sciences\",\"Zoology\",\"allochthonous\",\"dissolved organic carbon\",\"dissolved organic matter\",\"ecology\",\"ecosystem\",\"environmental change\",\"lake\",\"review\",\"terrestrial inputs\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Temperature Dependence of Apparent Respiratory Quotients and Oxygen Penetration Depth in Contrasting Lake Sediments\",\"volume\":\"122\",\"copyright\":\"©2017. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.\",\"issn\":\"2169-8961\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/2017JG003833\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/2017JG003833\",\"abstract\":\"Lake sediments constitute an important compartment in the carbon cycle of lakes, by burying carbon over geological timescales and by production and emission of greenhouse gases. The degradation of organic carbon (OC) in lake sediments is linked to both temperature and oxygen (O2), but the interactive nature of this regulation has not been studied in lake sediments in a quantitative way. We present the first systematic investigation of the effects of temperature on the apparent respiratory quotient (RQ, i.e., the molar ratio between carbon dioxide (CO2) production and O2 consumption) in two contrasting lake sediments. Laboratory incubations of sediment cores of a humic lake and an eutrophic lake across a 1–21°C temperature gradient over 157 days revealed that both CO2 production and O2 consumption were positively, exponentially, and similarly dependent on temperature. The apparent RQ differed significantly between the lake sediments (0.63 ± 0.26 and 0.99 ± 0.28 in the humic and the eutrophic lake, respectively; mean ± SD) and was significantly and positively related to temperature. The O2 penetration depth into the sediment varied by a factor of 2 over the 1–21°C temperature range and was significantly, negatively, and similarly related to temperature in both lake sediments. Accordingly, increasing temperature may influence the overall extent of OC degradation in lake sediments by limiting O2 supply to aerobic microbial respiration to the topmost sediment layer, resulting in a concomitant shift to less effective anaerobic degradation pathways. This suggests that temperature may represent a key controlling factor of the OC burial efficiency in lake sediments.\",\"language\":\"sv\",\"number\":\"11\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sobek\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sebastian\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Gudasz\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Cristian\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Koehler\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Birgit\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Tranvik\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Lars\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bastviken\"],\"firstnames\":[\"David\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Morales-Pineda\"],\"firstnames\":[\"María\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2017\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2017JG003833\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, 0408 Benthic processes, 0414 Biogeochemical cycles, processes, and modeling, 0428 Carbon cycling, 0439 Ecosystems: structure and dynamics, 0458 Limnology, Limnology, aquatic biogeochemistry, limnology, respiration, sediment\",\"pages\":\"3076–3087\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{sobek_temperature_2017,\\n\\ttitle = {Temperature {Dependence} of {Apparent} {Respiratory} {Quotients} and {Oxygen} {Penetration} {Depth} in {Contrasting} {Lake} {Sediments}},\\n\\tvolume = {122},\\n\\tcopyright = {©2017. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.},\\n\\tissn = {2169-8961},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/2017JG003833},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1002/2017JG003833},\\n\\tabstract = {Lake sediments constitute an important compartment in the carbon cycle of lakes, by burying carbon over geological timescales and by production and emission of greenhouse gases. The degradation of organic carbon (OC) in lake sediments is linked to both temperature and oxygen (O2), but the interactive nature of this regulation has not been studied in lake sediments in a quantitative way. We present the first systematic investigation of the effects of temperature on the apparent respiratory quotient (RQ, i.e., the molar ratio between carbon dioxide (CO2) production and O2 consumption) in two contrasting lake sediments. Laboratory incubations of sediment cores of a humic lake and an eutrophic lake across a 1–21°C temperature gradient over 157 days revealed that both CO2 production and O2 consumption were positively, exponentially, and similarly dependent on temperature. The apparent RQ differed significantly between the lake sediments (0.63 ± 0.26 and 0.99 ± 0.28 in the humic and the eutrophic lake, respectively; mean ± SD) and was significantly and positively related to temperature. The O2 penetration depth into the sediment varied by a factor of 2 over the 1–21°C temperature range and was significantly, negatively, and similarly related to temperature in both lake sediments. Accordingly, increasing temperature may influence the overall extent of OC degradation in lake sediments by limiting O2 supply to aerobic microbial respiration to the topmost sediment layer, resulting in a concomitant shift to less effective anaerobic degradation pathways. This suggests that temperature may represent a key controlling factor of the OC burial efficiency in lake sediments.},\\n\\tlanguage = {sv},\\n\\tnumber = {11},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences},\\n\\tauthor = {Sobek, Sebastian and Gudasz, Cristian and Koehler, Birgit and Tranvik, Lars J. and Bastviken, David and Morales-Pineda, María},\\n\\tyear = {2017},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2017JG003833},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, 0408 Benthic processes, 0414 Biogeochemical cycles, processes, and modeling, 0428 Carbon cycling, 0439 Ecosystems: structure and dynamics, 0458 Limnology, Limnology, aquatic biogeochemistry, limnology, respiration, sediment},\\n\\tpages = {3076--3087},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Sobek, S.\",\"Gudasz, C.\",\"Koehler, B.\",\"Tranvik, L. J.\",\"Bastviken, D.\",\"Morales-Pineda, M.\"],\"key\":\"sobek_temperature_2017\",\"id\":\"sobek_temperature_2017\",\"bibbaseid\":\"sobek-gudasz-koehler-tranvik-bastviken-moralespineda-temperaturedependenceofapparentrespiratoryquotientsandoxygenpenetrationdepthincontrastinglakesediments-2017\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/2017JG003833\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"0408 Benthic processes\",\"0414 Biogeochemical cycles\",\"processes\",\"and modeling\",\"0428 Carbon cycling\",\"0439 Ecosystems: structure and dynamics\",\"0458 Limnology\",\"Limnology\",\"aquatic biogeochemistry\",\"limnology\",\"respiration\",\"sediment\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Interactive Effects Between Reindeer and Habitat Fertility Drive Soil Nutrient Availabilities in Arctic Tundra\",\"volume\":\"20\",\"issn\":\"1435-0629\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-017-0108-1\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10021-017-0108-1\",\"abstract\":\"Herbivores impact nutrient availability and cycling, and the net effect of herbivory on soil nutrients is generally assumed to be positive in nutrient-rich environments and negative in nutrient-poor ones. This is, however, far from a uniform pattern, and there is a recognized need to investigate any interactive effects of herbivory and habitat fertility (i.e., plant C/N ratios) on soil nutrient availabilities. We determined long-term effects of reindeer on soil extractable nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) and their net mineralization rates along a fertility gradient of plant carbon (C) to N and P ratios in arctic tundra. Our results showed that reindeer had a positive effect on soil N in the more nutrient-poor sites and a negative effect on soil P in the more nutrient-rich sites, which contrasts from the general consensus. The increase in N availability was linked to a decrease in plant and litter C/N ratios, suggesting that a shift in vegetation composition toward more graminoids favors higher N cycling. Soil P availability was not as closely linked to the vegetation and is likely regulated more by herbivore-induced changes in soil physical and chemical properties. The changes in soil extractable N and P resulted in higher soil N/P ratios, suggesting that reindeer could drive the vegetation toward P-limitation. This research highlights the importance of including both the elements N and P and conducting studies along environmental gradients in order to better understand the interactive effects of herbivory and habitat fertility on nutrient cycling and primary production.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"7\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Ecosystems\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sitters\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Judith\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[\"te\"],\"lastnames\":[\"Beest\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Mariska\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Cherif\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Mehdi\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Giesler\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Reiner\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Olofsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Johan\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"November\",\"year\":\"2017\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, carbon, decomposition, grazing, herbivory, litter, microbial mineralization, nitrogen, nutrient cycling, phosphorus, plant stoichiometry\",\"pages\":\"1266–1277\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{sitters_interactive_2017,\\n\\ttitle = {Interactive {Effects} {Between} {Reindeer} and {Habitat} {Fertility} {Drive} {Soil} {Nutrient} {Availabilities} in {Arctic} {Tundra}},\\n\\tvolume = {20},\\n\\tissn = {1435-0629},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-017-0108-1},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s10021-017-0108-1},\\n\\tabstract = {Herbivores impact nutrient availability and cycling, and the net effect of herbivory on soil nutrients is generally assumed to be positive in nutrient-rich environments and negative in nutrient-poor ones. This is, however, far from a uniform pattern, and there is a recognized need to investigate any interactive effects of herbivory and habitat fertility (i.e., plant C/N ratios) on soil nutrient availabilities. We determined long-term effects of reindeer on soil extractable nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) and their net mineralization rates along a fertility gradient of plant carbon (C) to N and P ratios in arctic tundra. Our results showed that reindeer had a positive effect on soil N in the more nutrient-poor sites and a negative effect on soil P in the more nutrient-rich sites, which contrasts from the general consensus. The increase in N availability was linked to a decrease in plant and litter C/N ratios, suggesting that a shift in vegetation composition toward more graminoids favors higher N cycling. Soil P availability was not as closely linked to the vegetation and is likely regulated more by herbivore-induced changes in soil physical and chemical properties. The changes in soil extractable N and P resulted in higher soil N/P ratios, suggesting that reindeer could drive the vegetation toward P-limitation. This research highlights the importance of including both the elements N and P and conducting studies along environmental gradients in order to better understand the interactive effects of herbivory and habitat fertility on nutrient cycling and primary production.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {7},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Ecosystems},\\n\\tauthor = {Sitters, Judith and te Beest, Mariska and Cherif, Mehdi and Giesler, Reiner and Olofsson, Johan},\\n\\tmonth = nov,\\n\\tyear = {2017},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, carbon, decomposition, grazing, herbivory, litter, microbial mineralization, nitrogen, nutrient cycling, phosphorus, plant stoichiometry},\\n\\tpages = {1266--1277},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Sitters, J.\",\"te Beest, M.\",\"Cherif, M.\",\"Giesler, R.\",\"Olofsson, J.\"],\"key\":\"sitters_interactive_2017\",\"id\":\"sitters_interactive_2017\",\"bibbaseid\":\"sitters-tebeest-cherif-giesler-olofsson-interactiveeffectsbetweenreindeerandhabitatfertilitydrivesoilnutrientavailabilitiesinarctictundra-2017\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-017-0108-1\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"carbon\",\"decomposition\",\"grazing\",\"herbivory\",\"litter\",\"microbial mineralization\",\"nitrogen\",\"nutrient cycling\",\"phosphorus\",\"plant stoichiometry\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Wilder rangelands as a natural climate opportunity: Linking climate action to biodiversity conservation and social transformation\",\"volume\":\"1\",\"issn\":\"1654-7209\",\"shorttitle\":\"Wilder rangelands as a natural climate opportunity\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-023-01976-4\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s13280-023-01976-4\",\"abstract\":\"Rangelands face threats from climate and land-use change, including inappropriate climate change mitigation initiatives such as tree planting in grassy ecosystems. The marginalization and impoverishment of rangeland communities and their indigenous knowledge systems, and the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services, are additional major challenges. To address these issues, we propose the wilder rangelands integrated framework, co-developed by South African and European scientists from diverse disciplines, as an opportunity to address the climate, livelihood, and biodiversity challenges in the world’s rangelands. More specifically, we present a Theory of Change to guide the design, monitoring, and evaluation of wilder rangelands. Through this, we aim to promote rangeland restoration, where local communities collaborate with regional and international actors to co-create new rangeland use models that simultaneously mitigate the impacts of climate change, restore biodiversity, and improve both ecosystem functioning and livelihoods.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Ambio\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Simba\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Lavhelesani\",\"D.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[\"te\"],\"lastnames\":[\"Beest\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Mariska\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hawkins\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Heidi-Jayne\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Larson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Keith\",\"W.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Palmer\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Anthony\",\"R.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sandström\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Camilla\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Smart\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Kathleen\",\"G.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kerley\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Graham\",\"I.\",\"H.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Cromsigt\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Joris\",\"P.\",\"G.\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"January\",\"year\":\"2024\",\"keywords\":\"Albedo, Biodiversity, Carbon sequestration, Methane, Natural disturbance, Nature-based solutions\",\"pages\":\"s13280–023–01976–4\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{simba_wilder_2024,\\n\\ttitle = {Wilder rangelands as a natural climate opportunity: {Linking} climate action to biodiversity conservation and social transformation},\\n\\tvolume = {1},\\n\\tissn = {1654-7209},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Wilder rangelands as a natural climate opportunity},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-023-01976-4},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s13280-023-01976-4},\\n\\tabstract = {Rangelands face threats from climate and land-use change, including inappropriate climate change mitigation initiatives such as tree planting in grassy ecosystems. The marginalization and impoverishment of rangeland communities and their indigenous knowledge systems, and the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services, are additional major challenges. To address these issues, we propose the wilder rangelands integrated framework, co-developed by South African and European scientists from diverse disciplines, as an opportunity to address the climate, livelihood, and biodiversity challenges in the world’s rangelands. More specifically, we present a Theory of Change to guide the design, monitoring, and evaluation of wilder rangelands. Through this, we aim to promote rangeland restoration, where local communities collaborate with regional and international actors to co-create new rangeland use models that simultaneously mitigate the impacts of climate change, restore biodiversity, and improve both ecosystem functioning and livelihoods.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Ambio},\\n\\tauthor = {Simba, Lavhelesani D. and te Beest, Mariska and Hawkins, Heidi-Jayne and Larson, Keith W. and Palmer, Anthony R. and Sandström, Camilla and Smart, Kathleen G. and Kerley, Graham I. H. and Cromsigt, Joris P. G. M.},\\n\\tmonth = jan,\\n\\tyear = {2024},\\n\\tkeywords = {Albedo, Biodiversity, Carbon sequestration, Methane, Natural disturbance, Nature-based solutions},\\n\\tpages = {s13280--023--01976--4},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Simba, L. D.\",\"te Beest, M.\",\"Hawkins, H.\",\"Larson, K. W.\",\"Palmer, A. R.\",\"Sandström, C.\",\"Smart, K. G.\",\"Kerley, G. I. H.\",\"Cromsigt, J. P. G. M.\"],\"key\":\"simba_wilder_2024\",\"id\":\"simba_wilder_2024\",\"bibbaseid\":\"simba-tebeest-hawkins-larson-palmer-sandstrm-smart-kerley-etal-wilderrangelandsasanaturalclimateopportunitylinkingclimateactiontobiodiversityconservationandsocialtransformation-2024\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-023-01976-4\"},\"keyword\":[\"Albedo\",\"Biodiversity\",\"Carbon sequestration\",\"Methane\",\"Natural disturbance\",\"Nature-based solutions\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Permafrost Causes Unique Fine-Scale Spatial Variability Across Tundra Soils\",\"volume\":\"35\",\"copyright\":\"© 2021. The Authors.\",\"issn\":\"1944-9224\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2020GB006659\",\"doi\":\"10.1029/2020GB006659\",\"abstract\":\"Spatial analysis in earth sciences is often based on the concept of spatial autocorrelation, expressed by W. Tobler as the first law of geography: “everything is related to everything else, but near things are more related than distant things.' Here, we show that subsurface soil properties in permafrost tundra terrain exhibit tremendous spatial variability. We describe the subsurface variability of soil organic carbon (SOC) and ground ice content from the centimeter to the landscape scale in three typical tundra terrain types common across the Arctic region. At the soil pedon scale, that is, from centimeters to 1–2 m, variability is caused by cryoturbation and affected by tussocks, hummocks and nonsorted circles. At the terrain scale, from meters to tens of meters, variability is caused by different generations of ice-wedges. Variability at the landscape scale, that is, ranging hundreds of meters, is associated with geomorphic disturbances and catenary shifts. The co-occurrence and overlap of different processes and landforms creates a spatial structure unique to permafrost environments. The coefficient of variation of SOC at the pedon scale (21%–73%) exceeds that found at terrain (17%–66%) and even landscape scale (24%–67%). Such high values for spatial variation are otherwise found at regional to continental scale. Clearly, permafrost soils do not conform to Tobler's law, but are among the most variable soils on Earth. This needs to be accounted for in mapping and predictions of the permafrost carbon feedbacks through various ecosystem processes. We conclude that scale deserves special attention in permafrost regions.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"3\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Global Biogeochemical Cycles\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Siewert\"],\"firstnames\":[\"M.\",\"B.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lantuit\"],\"firstnames\":[\"H.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Richter\"],\"firstnames\":[\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hugelius\"],\"firstnames\":[\"G.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2021\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2020GB006659\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, ground ice, permafrost, scale, soil organic carbon, tundra soils\",\"pages\":\"e2020GB006659\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{siewert_permafrost_2021,\\n\\ttitle = {Permafrost {Causes} {Unique} {Fine}-{Scale} {Spatial} {Variability} {Across} {Tundra} {Soils}},\\n\\tvolume = {35},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2021. The Authors.},\\n\\tissn = {1944-9224},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2020GB006659},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1029/2020GB006659},\\n\\tabstract = {Spatial analysis in earth sciences is often based on the concept of spatial autocorrelation, expressed by W. Tobler as the first law of geography: “everything is related to everything else, but near things are more related than distant things.' Here, we show that subsurface soil properties in permafrost tundra terrain exhibit tremendous spatial variability. We describe the subsurface variability of soil organic carbon (SOC) and ground ice content from the centimeter to the landscape scale in three typical tundra terrain types common across the Arctic region. At the soil pedon scale, that is, from centimeters to 1–2 m, variability is caused by cryoturbation and affected by tussocks, hummocks and nonsorted circles. At the terrain scale, from meters to tens of meters, variability is caused by different generations of ice-wedges. Variability at the landscape scale, that is, ranging hundreds of meters, is associated with geomorphic disturbances and catenary shifts. The co-occurrence and overlap of different processes and landforms creates a spatial structure unique to permafrost environments. The coefficient of variation of SOC at the pedon scale (21\\\\%–73\\\\%) exceeds that found at terrain (17\\\\%–66\\\\%) and even landscape scale (24\\\\%–67\\\\%). Such high values for spatial variation are otherwise found at regional to continental scale. Clearly, permafrost soils do not conform to Tobler's law, but are among the most variable soils on Earth. This needs to be accounted for in mapping and predictions of the permafrost carbon feedbacks through various ecosystem processes. We conclude that scale deserves special attention in permafrost regions.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {3},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles},\\n\\tauthor = {Siewert, M. B. and Lantuit, H. and Richter, A. and Hugelius, G.},\\n\\tyear = {2021},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2020GB006659},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, ground ice, permafrost, scale, soil organic carbon, tundra soils},\\n\\tpages = {e2020GB006659},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Siewert, M. B.\",\"Lantuit, H.\",\"Richter, A.\",\"Hugelius, G.\"],\"key\":\"siewert_permafrost_2021\",\"id\":\"siewert_permafrost_2021\",\"bibbaseid\":\"siewert-lantuit-richter-hugelius-permafrostcausesuniquefinescalespatialvariabilityacrosstundrasoils-2021\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2020GB006659\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"ground ice\",\"permafrost\",\"scale\",\"soil organic carbon\",\"tundra soils\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Diurnal cycles in thermokarst lakes of a permafrost peatland\",\"volume\":\"4\",\"copyright\":\"Copyright (c) 2020 Limnology and Freshwater Biology\",\"issn\":\"2658-3518\",\"url\":\"http://limnolfwbiol.com/index.php/LFWB/article/view/643\",\"doi\":\"10.31951/2658-3518-2020-A-4-886\",\"abstract\":\"Despite the importance of surface waters of permafrost landscapes in carbon (C) emission, dissolved C, metal storage and export, the diel pattern of dissolved components and gases in thermokarst lakes remain virtually unknown. Here we discovered a factor of 2 to 3 higher CO2 concentrations and fluxes during the night compared to day-time in the high-DOC lake. The emission fluxes in the low-DOC lake increased from zero to negative values during the day to highly positive values during the end of the night and early morning. The bulk of dissolved (&lt; 0.45 m) hydrochemical parameters remained highly stable with 10% variation in concentration over 2 days of observation. Overall, the impact of diel cycle on dissolved CH4, DOC, nutrient and metal concentration was below 10%. However, neglecting night-time period may underestimate net CO2 emission by ca. 30 to 50% in small organic-rich thaw ponds and switch the CO2 exchange from uptake/zero to net emission in larger thermokarst lakes. Given the dominance of large lakes in permafrost regions, the global underestimation of the emission flux may be quite high. As such, monitoring CO2 concentrations and fluxes in thermokarst lakes during months of extended night time (August to October) is mandatory for assessing the net emissions from lentic waters of frozen peatlands.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Limnology and Freshwater Biology\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Shirokova\"],\"firstnames\":[\"L.\",\"S.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Payandi-Rolland\"],\"firstnames\":[\"D.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lim\"],\"firstnames\":[\"A.\",\"G.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Manasypov\"],\"firstnames\":[\"R.\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Allen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Rols\"],\"firstnames\":[\"J.-L.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Benezeth\"],\"firstnames\":[\"P.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Karlsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Pokrovsky\"],\"firstnames\":[\"O.\",\"S.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"September\",\"year\":\"2020\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, GHG emission, organic carbon, pond, thermokarst, trace metal, warming\",\"pages\":\"886–887\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{shirokova_diurnal_2020,\\n\\ttitle = {Diurnal cycles in thermokarst lakes of a permafrost peatland},\\n\\tvolume = {4},\\n\\tcopyright = {Copyright (c) 2020 Limnology and Freshwater Biology},\\n\\tissn = {2658-3518},\\n\\turl = {http://limnolfwbiol.com/index.php/LFWB/article/view/643},\\n\\tdoi = {10.31951/2658-3518-2020-A-4-886},\\n\\tabstract = {Despite the importance of surface waters of permafrost landscapes in carbon (C) emission, dissolved C, metal storage and export, the diel pattern of dissolved components and gases in thermokarst lakes remain virtually unknown. Here we discovered a factor of 2 to 3 higher CO2 concentrations and fluxes during the night compared to day-time in the high-DOC lake. The emission fluxes in the low-DOC lake increased from zero to negative values during the day to highly positive values during the end of the night and early morning. The bulk of dissolved (\\\\&lt; 0.45 m) hydrochemical parameters remained highly stable with 10\\\\% variation in concentration over 2 days of observation. Overall, the impact of diel cycle on dissolved CH4, DOC, nutrient and metal concentration was below 10\\\\%. However, neglecting night-time period may underestimate net CO2 emission by ca. 30 to 50\\\\% in small organic-rich thaw ponds and switch the CO2 exchange from uptake/zero to net emission in larger thermokarst lakes. Given the dominance of large lakes in permafrost regions, the global underestimation of the emission flux may be quite high. As such, monitoring CO2 concentrations and fluxes in thermokarst lakes during months of extended night time (August to October) is mandatory for assessing the net emissions from lentic waters of frozen peatlands.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Limnology and Freshwater Biology},\\n\\tauthor = {Shirokova, L. S. and Payandi-Rolland, D. and Lim, A. G. and Manasypov, R. M. and Allen, J. and Rols, J.-L. and Benezeth, P. and Karlsson, J. and Pokrovsky, O. S.},\\n\\tmonth = sep,\\n\\tyear = {2020},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, GHG emission, organic carbon, pond, thermokarst, trace metal, warming},\\n\\tpages = {886--887},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Shirokova, L. S.\",\"Payandi-Rolland, D.\",\"Lim, A. G.\",\"Manasypov, R. M.\",\"Allen, J.\",\"Rols, J.\",\"Benezeth, P.\",\"Karlsson, J.\",\"Pokrovsky, O. S.\"],\"key\":\"shirokova_diurnal_2020\",\"id\":\"shirokova_diurnal_2020\",\"bibbaseid\":\"shirokova-payandirolland-lim-manasypov-allen-rols-benezeth-karlsson-etal-diurnalcyclesinthermokarstlakesofapermafrostpeatland-2020\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"http://limnolfwbiol.com/index.php/LFWB/article/view/643\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"GHG emission\",\"organic carbon\",\"pond\",\"thermokarst\",\"trace metal\",\"warming\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"High riverine CO2 emissions at the permafrost boundary of Western Siberia\",\"volume\":\"11\",\"copyright\":\"2018 The Author(s)\",\"issn\":\"1752-0908\",\"url\":\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41561-018-0218-1\",\"doi\":\"10.1038/s41561-018-0218-1\",\"abstract\":\"The fate of the vast stocks of organic carbon stored in permafrost of the Western Siberian Lowland, the world’s largest peatland, is uncertain. Specifically, the amount of greenhouse gas emissions from rivers in the region is unknown. Here we present estimates of annual CO2 emissions from 58 rivers across all permafrost zones of the Western Siberian Lowland, between 56 and 67° N. We find that emissions peak at the permafrost boundary, and decrease where permafrost is more prevalent and in colder climatic conditions. River CO2 emissions were high, and on average two times greater than downstream carbon export. We suggest that high emissions and emission/export ratios are a result of warm temperatures and the long transit times of river water. We show that rivers in the Western Siberian Lowland play an important role in the carbon cycle by degassing terrestrial carbon before its transport to the Arctic Ocean, and suggest that changes in both temperature and precipitation are important for understanding and predicting high-latitude river CO2 emissions in a changing climate.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"11\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Nature Geoscience\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Serikova\"],\"firstnames\":[\"S.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Pokrovsky\"],\"firstnames\":[\"O.\",\"S.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ala-Aho\"],\"firstnames\":[\"P.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kazantsev\"],\"firstnames\":[\"V.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kirpotin\"],\"firstnames\":[\"S.\",\"N.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kopysov\"],\"firstnames\":[\"S.\",\"G.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Krickov\"],\"firstnames\":[\"I.\",\"V.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Laudon\"],\"firstnames\":[\"H.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Manasypov\"],\"firstnames\":[\"R.\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Shirokova\"],\"firstnames\":[\"L.\",\"S.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Soulsby\"],\"firstnames\":[\"C.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Tetzlaff\"],\"firstnames\":[\"D.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Karlsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"November\",\"year\":\"2018\",\"note\":\"Publisher: Nature Publishing Group\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Carbon cycle, Climate-change impacts, Limnology\",\"pages\":\"825–829\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{serikova_high_2018,\\n\\ttitle = {High riverine {CO2} emissions at the permafrost boundary of {Western} {Siberia}},\\n\\tvolume = {11},\\n\\tcopyright = {2018 The Author(s)},\\n\\tissn = {1752-0908},\\n\\turl = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41561-018-0218-1},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1038/s41561-018-0218-1},\\n\\tabstract = {The fate of the vast stocks of organic carbon stored in permafrost of the Western Siberian Lowland, the world’s largest peatland, is uncertain. Specifically, the amount of greenhouse gas emissions from rivers in the region is unknown. Here we present estimates of annual CO2 emissions from 58 rivers across all permafrost zones of the Western Siberian Lowland, between 56 and 67° N. We find that emissions peak at the permafrost boundary, and decrease where permafrost is more prevalent and in colder climatic conditions. River CO2 emissions were high, and on average two times greater than downstream carbon export. We suggest that high emissions and emission/export ratios are a result of warm temperatures and the long transit times of river water. We show that rivers in the Western Siberian Lowland play an important role in the carbon cycle by degassing terrestrial carbon before its transport to the Arctic Ocean, and suggest that changes in both temperature and precipitation are important for understanding and predicting high-latitude river CO2 emissions in a changing climate.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {11},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Nature Geoscience},\\n\\tauthor = {Serikova, S. and Pokrovsky, O. S. and Ala-Aho, P. and Kazantsev, V. and Kirpotin, S. N. and Kopysov, S. G. and Krickov, I. V. and Laudon, H. and Manasypov, R. M. and Shirokova, L. S. and Soulsby, C. and Tetzlaff, D. and Karlsson, J.},\\n\\tmonth = nov,\\n\\tyear = {2018},\\n\\tnote = {Publisher: Nature Publishing Group},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Carbon cycle, Climate-change impacts, Limnology},\\n\\tpages = {825--829},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Serikova, S.\",\"Pokrovsky, O. S.\",\"Ala-Aho, P.\",\"Kazantsev, V.\",\"Kirpotin, S. N.\",\"Kopysov, S. G.\",\"Krickov, I. V.\",\"Laudon, H.\",\"Manasypov, R. M.\",\"Shirokova, L. S.\",\"Soulsby, C.\",\"Tetzlaff, D.\",\"Karlsson, J.\"],\"key\":\"serikova_high_2018\",\"id\":\"serikova_high_2018\",\"bibbaseid\":\"serikova-pokrovsky-alaaho-kazantsev-kirpotin-kopysov-krickov-laudon-etal-highriverineco2emissionsatthepermafrostboundaryofwesternsiberia-2018\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41561-018-0218-1\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Carbon cycle\",\"Climate-change impacts\",\"Limnology\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Long-term experimentally deepened snow decreases growing-season respiration in a low- and high-arctic tundra ecosystem\",\"volume\":\"121\",\"copyright\":\"©2016. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.\",\"issn\":\"2169-8961\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/2015JG003251\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/2015JG003251\",\"abstract\":\"Tundra soils store large amounts of carbon (C) that could be released through enhanced ecosystem respiration (ER) as the arctic warms. Over time, this may change the quantity and quality of available soil C pools, which in-turn may feedback and regulate ER responses to climate warming. Therefore, short-term increases in ER rates due to experimental warming may not be sustained over longer periods, as observed in other studies. One important aspect, which is often overlooked, is how climatic changes affecting ER in one season may carry-over and determine ER in following seasons. Using snow fences, we increased snow depth and thereby winter soil temperatures in a high-arctic site in Svalbard (78°N) and a low-arctic site in the Northwest Territories, Canada (64°N), for 5 and 9 years, respectively. Deepened snow enhanced winter ER while having negligible effect on growing-season soil temperatures and soil moisture. Growing-season ER at the high-arctic site was not affected by the snow treatment after 2 years. However, surprisingly, the deepened snow treatments significantly reduced growing-season ER rates after 5 years at the high-arctic site and after 8–9 years at the low-arctic site. We speculate that the reduction in ER rates, that became apparent only after several years of experimental manipulation, may, at least in part, be due to prolonged depletion of labile C substrate as a result of warmer soils over multiple cold seasons. Long-term changes in winter climate may therefore significantly influence annual net C balance not just because of increased wintertime C loss but also because of “legacy” effects on ER rates during the following growing seasons.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"5\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Semenchuk\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Philipp\",\"R.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Christiansen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Casper\",\"T.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Grogan\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Paul\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Elberling\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Bo\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Cooper\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Elisabeth\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2016\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2015JG003251\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Diel, seasonal, and annual cycles, Snow, Trace gases, carbon cycling, climate change, cold season, ecosystem respiration, snow fence, tundra, winter\",\"pages\":\"1236–1248\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{semenchuk_long-term_2016,\\n\\ttitle = {Long-term experimentally deepened snow decreases growing-season respiration in a low- and high-arctic tundra ecosystem},\\n\\tvolume = {121},\\n\\tcopyright = {©2016. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.},\\n\\tissn = {2169-8961},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/2015JG003251},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1002/2015JG003251},\\n\\tabstract = {Tundra soils store large amounts of carbon (C) that could be released through enhanced ecosystem respiration (ER) as the arctic warms. Over time, this may change the quantity and quality of available soil C pools, which in-turn may feedback and regulate ER responses to climate warming. Therefore, short-term increases in ER rates due to experimental warming may not be sustained over longer periods, as observed in other studies. One important aspect, which is often overlooked, is how climatic changes affecting ER in one season may carry-over and determine ER in following seasons. Using snow fences, we increased snow depth and thereby winter soil temperatures in a high-arctic site in Svalbard (78°N) and a low-arctic site in the Northwest Territories, Canada (64°N), for 5 and 9 years, respectively. Deepened snow enhanced winter ER while having negligible effect on growing-season soil temperatures and soil moisture. Growing-season ER at the high-arctic site was not affected by the snow treatment after 2 years. However, surprisingly, the deepened snow treatments significantly reduced growing-season ER rates after 5 years at the high-arctic site and after 8–9 years at the low-arctic site. We speculate that the reduction in ER rates, that became apparent only after several years of experimental manipulation, may, at least in part, be due to prolonged depletion of labile C substrate as a result of warmer soils over multiple cold seasons. Long-term changes in winter climate may therefore significantly influence annual net C balance not just because of increased wintertime C loss but also because of “legacy” effects on ER rates during the following growing seasons.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {5},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences},\\n\\tauthor = {Semenchuk, Philipp R. and Christiansen, Casper T. and Grogan, Paul and Elberling, Bo and Cooper, Elisabeth J.},\\n\\tyear = {2016},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2015JG003251},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Diel, seasonal, and annual cycles, Snow, Trace gases, carbon cycling, climate change, cold season, ecosystem respiration, snow fence, tundra, winter},\\n\\tpages = {1236--1248},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Semenchuk, P. R.\",\"Christiansen, C. T.\",\"Grogan, P.\",\"Elberling, B.\",\"Cooper, E. J.\"],\"key\":\"semenchuk_long-term_2016\",\"id\":\"semenchuk_long-term_2016\",\"bibbaseid\":\"semenchuk-christiansen-grogan-elberling-cooper-longtermexperimentallydeepenedsnowdecreasesgrowingseasonrespirationinalowandhigharctictundraecosystem-2016\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/2015JG003251\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Diel\",\"seasonal\",\"and annual cycles\",\"Snow\",\"Trace gases\",\"carbon cycling\",\"climate change\",\"cold season\",\"ecosystem respiration\",\"snow fence\",\"tundra\",\"winter\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Autumnal warming does not change root phenology in two contrasting vegetation types of subarctic tundra\",\"volume\":\"424\",\"issn\":\"1573-5036\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-017-3343-5\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s11104-017-3343-5\",\"abstract\":\"Root phenology is important in controlling carbon and nutrient fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems, yet, remains largely unexplored, especially in the Arctic. We compared below- and aboveground phenology and ending of the growing season in two contrasting vegetation types of subarctic tundra: heath and meadow, and their response to experimental warming in autumn.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"1\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Plant and Soil\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Schwieger\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sarah\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kreyling\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jürgen\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Milbau\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ann\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Blume-Werry\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Gesche\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"March\",\"year\":\"2018\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Belowground, Climate change, Fine roots, Plant phenology, Root growth, Subarctic tundra\",\"pages\":\"145–156\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{schwieger_autumnal_2018,\\n\\ttitle = {Autumnal warming does not change root phenology in two contrasting vegetation types of subarctic tundra},\\n\\tvolume = {424},\\n\\tissn = {1573-5036},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-017-3343-5},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s11104-017-3343-5},\\n\\tabstract = {Root phenology is important in controlling carbon and nutrient fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems, yet, remains largely unexplored, especially in the Arctic. We compared below- and aboveground phenology and ending of the growing season in two contrasting vegetation types of subarctic tundra: heath and meadow, and their response to experimental warming in autumn.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {1},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Plant and Soil},\\n\\tauthor = {Schwieger, Sarah and Kreyling, Jürgen and Milbau, Ann and Blume-Werry, Gesche},\\n\\tmonth = mar,\\n\\tyear = {2018},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Belowground, Climate change, Fine roots, Plant phenology, Root growth, Subarctic tundra},\\n\\tpages = {145--156},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Schwieger, S.\",\"Kreyling, J.\",\"Milbau, A.\",\"Blume-Werry, G.\"],\"key\":\"schwieger_autumnal_2018\",\"id\":\"schwieger_autumnal_2018\",\"bibbaseid\":\"schwieger-kreyling-milbau-blumewerry-autumnalwarmingdoesnotchangerootphenologyintwocontrastingvegetationtypesofsubarctictundra-2018\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-017-3343-5\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Belowground\",\"Climate change\",\"Fine roots\",\"Plant phenology\",\"Root growth\",\"Subarctic tundra\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Large Lakes Dominate CO2 Evasion From Lakes in an Arctic Catchment\",\"volume\":\"44\",\"copyright\":\"©2017. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.\",\"issn\":\"1944-8007\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/2017GL076146\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/2017GL076146\",\"abstract\":\"CO2 evasion from freshwater lakes is an important component of the carbon cycle. However, the relative contribution from different lake sizes may vary, since several parameters underlying CO2 flux are size dependent. Here we estimated the annual lake CO2 evasion from a catchment in northern Sweden encompassing about 30,000 differently sized lakes. We show that areal CO2 fluxes decreased rapidly with lake size, but this was counteracted by the greater overall coverage of larger lakes. As a result, total efflux increased with lake size and the single largest lake in the catchment dominated the CO2 evasion (53% of all CO2 evaded). By contrast, the contribution from the smallest ponds (about 27,000) was minor (\\\\textless6%). Our results emphasize the importance of accounting for both CO2 flux rates and areal contribution of various sized lakes in assessments of CO2 evasion at the landscape scale.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"24\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Geophysical Research Letters\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Rocher-Ros\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Gerard\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Giesler\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Reiner\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lundin\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Erik\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Salimi\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Shokoufeh\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jonsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Anders\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Karlsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jan\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2017\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2017GL076146\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, 0414 Biogeochemical cycles, processes, and modeling, 0428 Carbon cycling, 0458 Limnology, 0746 Lakes, 0748 Ponds, lake CO2 evasion, lake size distribution, upscaling C cycle\",\"pages\":\"12,254–12,261\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{rocher-ros_large_2017,\\n\\ttitle = {Large {Lakes} {Dominate} {CO2} {Evasion} {From} {Lakes} in an {Arctic} {Catchment}},\\n\\tvolume = {44},\\n\\tcopyright = {©2017. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.},\\n\\tissn = {1944-8007},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/2017GL076146},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1002/2017GL076146},\\n\\tabstract = {CO2 evasion from freshwater lakes is an important component of the carbon cycle. However, the relative contribution from different lake sizes may vary, since several parameters underlying CO2 flux are size dependent. Here we estimated the annual lake CO2 evasion from a catchment in northern Sweden encompassing about 30,000 differently sized lakes. We show that areal CO2 fluxes decreased rapidly with lake size, but this was counteracted by the greater overall coverage of larger lakes. As a result, total efflux increased with lake size and the single largest lake in the catchment dominated the CO2 evasion (53\\\\% of all CO2 evaded). By contrast, the contribution from the smallest ponds (about 27,000) was minor ({\\\\textless}6\\\\%). Our results emphasize the importance of accounting for both CO2 flux rates and areal contribution of various sized lakes in assessments of CO2 evasion at the landscape scale.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {24},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Geophysical Research Letters},\\n\\tauthor = {Rocher-Ros, Gerard and Giesler, Reiner and Lundin, Erik and Salimi, Shokoufeh and Jonsson, Anders and Karlsson, Jan},\\n\\tyear = {2017},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2017GL076146},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, 0414 Biogeochemical cycles, processes, and modeling, 0428 Carbon cycling, 0458 Limnology, 0746 Lakes, 0748 Ponds, lake CO2 evasion, lake size distribution, upscaling C cycle},\\n\\tpages = {12,254--12,261},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Rocher-Ros, G.\",\"Giesler, R.\",\"Lundin, E.\",\"Salimi, S.\",\"Jonsson, A.\",\"Karlsson, J.\"],\"key\":\"rocher-ros_large_2017\",\"id\":\"rocher-ros_large_2017\",\"bibbaseid\":\"rocherros-giesler-lundin-salimi-jonsson-karlsson-largelakesdominateco2evasionfromlakesinanarcticcatchment-2017\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/2017GL076146\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"0414 Biogeochemical cycles\",\"processes\",\"and modeling\",\"0428 Carbon cycling\",\"0458 Limnology\",\"0746 Lakes\",\"0748 Ponds\",\"lake CO2 evasion\",\"lake size distribution\",\"upscaling C cycle\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"How Can the Dynamics of the Tundra-Taiga Boundary Be Remotely Monitored?\",\"volume\":\"12\",\"issn\":\"0044-7447\",\"url\":\"http://www.jstor.org/stable/25094576\",\"abstract\":\"This paper discusses some of the difficulties in establishing the location of the Arctic treeline and forest line on a circumpolar basis, and the contribution that remote sensing, particularly from spaceborne platforms, can make in resolving them. Spaceborne techniques can provide spatial resolutions as fine as a few meters, although the requirements for regional or global coverage are likely to limit the resolution to 30 to 100 m. Since this will preclude the identification of individual trees, the definition of the treeline will be based on statistical parameters estimated from satellite images. The optimum criteria for these parameters remain to be determined. Most remote-sensing observations that are suited to the measurement of the distribution of vegetation, and identification of its type, are based on the visible and near-infrared (VIR) parts of the electromagnetic spectrum, although there is increasing interest in the use of active microwave (radar) techniques. We discuss the basis of both types of approach and the techniques that follow from them, and present 3 case studies from the Russian Arctic.\",\"urldate\":\"2018-06-11\",\"journal\":\"Ambio\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Rees\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Gareth\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Brown\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ian\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Mikkola\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Kari\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Virtanen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Tarmo\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Werkman\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ben\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2002\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, ⛔ No DOI found\",\"pages\":\"56–62\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{rees_how_2002,\\n\\ttitle = {How {Can} the {Dynamics} of the {Tundra}-{Taiga} {Boundary} {Be} {Remotely} {Monitored}?},\\n\\tvolume = {12},\\n\\tissn = {0044-7447},\\n\\turl = {http://www.jstor.org/stable/25094576},\\n\\tabstract = {This paper discusses some of the difficulties in establishing the location of the Arctic treeline and forest line on a circumpolar basis, and the contribution that remote sensing, particularly from spaceborne platforms, can make in resolving them. Spaceborne techniques can provide spatial resolutions as fine as a few meters, although the requirements for regional or global coverage are likely to limit the resolution to 30 to 100 m. Since this will preclude the identification of individual trees, the definition of the treeline will be based on statistical parameters estimated from satellite images. The optimum criteria for these parameters remain to be determined. Most remote-sensing observations that are suited to the measurement of the distribution of vegetation, and identification of its type, are based on the visible and near-infrared (VIR) parts of the electromagnetic spectrum, although there is increasing interest in the use of active microwave (radar) techniques. We discuss the basis of both types of approach and the techniques that follow from them, and present 3 case studies from the Russian Arctic.},\\n\\turldate = {2018-06-11},\\n\\tjournal = {Ambio},\\n\\tauthor = {Rees, Gareth and Brown, Ian and Mikkola, Kari and Virtanen, Tarmo and Werkman, Ben},\\n\\tyear = {2002},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, ⛔ No DOI found},\\n\\tpages = {56--62},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Rees, G.\",\"Brown, I.\",\"Mikkola, K.\",\"Virtanen, T.\",\"Werkman, B.\"],\"key\":\"rees_how_2002\",\"id\":\"rees_how_2002\",\"bibbaseid\":\"rees-brown-mikkola-virtanen-werkman-howcanthedynamicsofthetundrataigaboundaryberemotelymonitored-2002\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"http://www.jstor.org/stable/25094576\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"⛔ No DOI found\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Freeze-thaw cycles of Arctic thaw ponds remove colloidal metals and generate low-molecular-weight organic matter\",\"volume\":\"137\",\"issn\":\"1573-515X\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-018-0421-6\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10533-018-0421-6\",\"abstract\":\"High-latitude boreal and arctic surface/inland waters contain sizeable reservoirs of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and trace elements (TE), which are subject to seasonal freezing. Specifically, shallow ponds and lakes in the permafrost zone often freeze solid, which can lead to transformations in the colloidal and dissolved fractions of DOM and TE. Here, we present results from experimental freeze-thaw cycles using iron (Fe)- and DOM-rich water from thaw ponds situated in Stordalen and Storflaket palsa mires in northern Sweden. After ten cycles of freezing, 85% of Fe and 25% of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) were removed from solution in circumneutral fen water (pH 6.9) but a much smaller removal of Fe and DOC (\\\\textless 7%) was found in acidic bog water (pH 3.6). This removal pattern was consistent with initial supersaturation of fen water with respect to Fe hydroxide and a lack of supersaturation with any secondary mineral phase in the bog water. There was a nearly two- to threefold increase in the low-molecular-weight (LMW) fraction of organic carbon (OC) and several TEs caused by the repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Future increases in the freeze-thaw frequency of surface waters with climate warming may remove up to 25% of DOC in circumneutral organic-rich waters. Furthermore, an increase of LMW OC may result in enhanced carbon dioxide losses from aquatic ecosystems since this fraction is potentially more susceptible to biodegradation.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"3\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Biogeochemistry\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Pokrovsky\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Oleg\",\"S.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Karlsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Giesler\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Reiner\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"February\",\"year\":\"2018\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Bog, Carbon, Fen, Metal, Peat, Ultrafiltration, stordalen, storflaket\",\"pages\":\"321–336\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{pokrovsky_freeze-thaw_2018,\\n\\ttitle = {Freeze-thaw cycles of {Arctic} thaw ponds remove colloidal metals and generate low-molecular-weight organic matter},\\n\\tvolume = {137},\\n\\tissn = {1573-515X},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-018-0421-6},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s10533-018-0421-6},\\n\\tabstract = {High-latitude boreal and arctic surface/inland waters contain sizeable reservoirs of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and trace elements (TE), which are subject to seasonal freezing. Specifically, shallow ponds and lakes in the permafrost zone often freeze solid, which can lead to transformations in the colloidal and dissolved fractions of DOM and TE. Here, we present results from experimental freeze-thaw cycles using iron (Fe)- and DOM-rich water from thaw ponds situated in Stordalen and Storflaket palsa mires in northern Sweden. After ten cycles of freezing, 85\\\\% of Fe and 25\\\\% of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) were removed from solution in circumneutral fen water (pH 6.9) but a much smaller removal of Fe and DOC ({\\\\textless} 7\\\\%) was found in acidic bog water (pH 3.6). This removal pattern was consistent with initial supersaturation of fen water with respect to Fe hydroxide and a lack of supersaturation with any secondary mineral phase in the bog water. There was a nearly two- to threefold increase in the low-molecular-weight (LMW) fraction of organic carbon (OC) and several TEs caused by the repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Future increases in the freeze-thaw frequency of surface waters with climate warming may remove up to 25\\\\% of DOC in circumneutral organic-rich waters. Furthermore, an increase of LMW OC may result in enhanced carbon dioxide losses from aquatic ecosystems since this fraction is potentially more susceptible to biodegradation.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {3},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Biogeochemistry},\\n\\tauthor = {Pokrovsky, Oleg S. and Karlsson, Jan and Giesler, Reiner},\\n\\tmonth = feb,\\n\\tyear = {2018},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Bog, Carbon, Fen, Metal, Peat, Ultrafiltration, stordalen, storflaket},\\n\\tpages = {321--336},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Pokrovsky, O. S.\",\"Karlsson, J.\",\"Giesler, R.\"],\"key\":\"pokrovsky_freeze-thaw_2018\",\"id\":\"pokrovsky_freeze-thaw_2018\",\"bibbaseid\":\"pokrovsky-karlsson-giesler-freezethawcyclesofarcticthawpondsremovecolloidalmetalsandgeneratelowmolecularweightorganicmatter-2018\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-018-0421-6\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Bog\",\"Carbon\",\"Fen\",\"Metal\",\"Peat\",\"Ultrafiltration\",\"stordalen\",\"storflaket\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Climate change effects on the stability and chemistry of soil organic carbon pools in a subalpine grassland\",\"volume\":\"132\",\"issn\":\"1573-515X\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-016-0291-8\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10533-016-0291-8\",\"abstract\":\"Mountain soils stock large quantities of carbon as particulate organic matter that may be highly vulnerable to climate change. To explore potential shifts in soil organic matter (SOM) form and stability under climate change (warming and reduced precipitations), we studied the dynamics of SOM pools of a mountain grassland in the Swiss Jura as part of a climate manipulation experiment. The climate manipulation (elevational soil transplantation) was set up in October 2009 and simulated two realistic climate change scenarios. After 4 years of manipulation, we performed SOM physical fractionation to extract SOM fractions corresponding to specific turnover rates, in winter and in summer. Soil organic matter fraction chemistry was studied with ultraviolet, 3D fluorescence, and mid-infrared spectroscopies. The most labile SOM fractions showed high intra-annual dynamics (amounts and chemistry) mediated via the seasonal changes of fresh plant debris inputs and confirming their high contribution to the microbial loop. Our climate change manipulation modified the chemical differences between free and intra-aggregate organic matter, suggesting a modification of soil macro-aggregates dynamics. Interestingly, the 4-year climate manipulation affected directly the SOM dynamics, with a decrease in organic C bulk soil content, resulting from significant C-losses in the mineral-associated SOM fraction (MAOM), the most stable form of SOM. This SOC decrease was associated with a decrease in clay content, above- and belowground plants biomass, soil microbial biomass and activity. The combination of these climate changes effects on the plant–soil system could have led to increase C-losses from the MAOM fraction through clay-SOM washing out and DOC leaching in this subalpine grassland.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"1\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Biogeochemistry\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Puissant\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jérémy\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Mills\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Robert\",\"T.\",\"E.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Robroek\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Bjorn\",\"J.\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Gavazov\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Konstantin\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Perrette\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Yves\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"De\",\"Danieli\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sébastien\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Spiegelberger\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Thomas\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Buttler\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Alexandre\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Brun\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jean-Jacques\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Cécillon\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Lauric\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"January\",\"year\":\"2017\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, 3D fluorescence spectroscopy, Infrared spectroscopy, Mineral associated organic matter, Particulate organic matter, Water extractable organic carbon\",\"pages\":\"123–139\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{puissant_climate_2017,\\n\\ttitle = {Climate change effects on the stability and chemistry of soil organic carbon pools in a subalpine grassland},\\n\\tvolume = {132},\\n\\tissn = {1573-515X},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-016-0291-8},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s10533-016-0291-8},\\n\\tabstract = {Mountain soils stock large quantities of carbon as particulate organic matter that may be highly vulnerable to climate change. To explore potential shifts in soil organic matter (SOM) form and stability under climate change (warming and reduced precipitations), we studied the dynamics of SOM pools of a mountain grassland in the Swiss Jura as part of a climate manipulation experiment. The climate manipulation (elevational soil transplantation) was set up in October 2009 and simulated two realistic climate change scenarios. After 4 years of manipulation, we performed SOM physical fractionation to extract SOM fractions corresponding to specific turnover rates, in winter and in summer. Soil organic matter fraction chemistry was studied with ultraviolet, 3D fluorescence, and mid-infrared spectroscopies. The most labile SOM fractions showed high intra-annual dynamics (amounts and chemistry) mediated via the seasonal changes of fresh plant debris inputs and confirming their high contribution to the microbial loop. Our climate change manipulation modified the chemical differences between free and intra-aggregate organic matter, suggesting a modification of soil macro-aggregates dynamics. Interestingly, the 4-year climate manipulation affected directly the SOM dynamics, with a decrease in organic C bulk soil content, resulting from significant C-losses in the mineral-associated SOM fraction (MAOM), the most stable form of SOM. This SOC decrease was associated with a decrease in clay content, above- and belowground plants biomass, soil microbial biomass and activity. The combination of these climate changes effects on the plant–soil system could have led to increase C-losses from the MAOM fraction through clay-SOM washing out and DOC leaching in this subalpine grassland.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {1},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Biogeochemistry},\\n\\tauthor = {Puissant, Jérémy and Mills, Robert T. E. and Robroek, Bjorn J. M. and Gavazov, Konstantin and Perrette, Yves and De Danieli, Sébastien and Spiegelberger, Thomas and Buttler, Alexandre and Brun, Jean-Jacques and Cécillon, Lauric},\\n\\tmonth = jan,\\n\\tyear = {2017},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, 3D fluorescence spectroscopy, Infrared spectroscopy, Mineral associated organic matter, Particulate organic matter, Water extractable organic carbon},\\n\\tpages = {123--139},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Puissant, J.\",\"Mills, R. T. E.\",\"Robroek, B. J. M.\",\"Gavazov, K.\",\"Perrette, Y.\",\"De Danieli, S.\",\"Spiegelberger, T.\",\"Buttler, A.\",\"Brun, J.\",\"Cécillon, L.\"],\"key\":\"puissant_climate_2017\",\"id\":\"puissant_climate_2017\",\"bibbaseid\":\"puissant-mills-robroek-gavazov-perrette-dedanieli-spiegelberger-buttler-etal-climatechangeeffectsonthestabilityandchemistryofsoilorganiccarbonpoolsinasubalpinegrassland-2017\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-016-0291-8\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"3D fluorescence spectroscopy\",\"Infrared spectroscopy\",\"Mineral associated organic matter\",\"Particulate organic matter\",\"Water extractable organic carbon\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"DOC biodegradation behavior along permafrost affected hydrological continuum\",\"volume\":\"4\",\"copyright\":\"Copyright (c) 2020 Limnology and Freshwater Biology\",\"issn\":\"2658-3518\",\"url\":\"http://limnolfwbiol.com/index.php/LFWB/article/view/638\",\"doi\":\"10.31951/2658-3518-2020-A-4-874\",\"abstract\":\"In Arctic regions, water bodies are hot spots of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) biodegradation, and their well-known large heterogeneity in the permafrost affected area could lead to a misrepresentation of their importance in the carbon (C) cycle. In this study, the biodegradation potential of various water bodies from two hydrological continuums has been assessed via 15 days aerobic incubation of waters. Results show that biodegradability of waters increases along the continuum while the removal rate of DOC decreases as the consequence of a preferential biodegradation of low molecular weight organic acids (LMWOA). This preferential uptake leads to a relative accumulation of aromatic compounds in the end-members of the continuum. This suggests a shift in the dominantly used pools of DOC along the continuum: a rapidly consumed DOC pool at the beginning of the continuum and a more slowly consumed one at the end of the continuum.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Limnology and Freshwater Biology\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Payandi-Rolland\"],\"firstnames\":[\"D.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Shirokova\"],\"firstnames\":[\"L.\",\"S.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Tesfa\"],\"firstnames\":[\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Benezeth\"],\"firstnames\":[\"P.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lim\"],\"firstnames\":[\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kuzmina\"],\"firstnames\":[\"D.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Karlsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Giesler\"],\"firstnames\":[\"R.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Pokrovsky\"],\"firstnames\":[\"O.\",\"S.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"September\",\"year\":\"2020\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, aromaticity\",\"pages\":\"874–875\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{payandi-rolland_doc_2020,\\n\\ttitle = {{DOC} biodegradation behavior along permafrost affected hydrological continuum},\\n\\tvolume = {4},\\n\\tcopyright = {Copyright (c) 2020 Limnology and Freshwater Biology},\\n\\tissn = {2658-3518},\\n\\turl = {http://limnolfwbiol.com/index.php/LFWB/article/view/638},\\n\\tdoi = {10.31951/2658-3518-2020-A-4-874},\\n\\tabstract = {In Arctic regions, water bodies are hot spots of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) biodegradation, and their well-known large heterogeneity in the permafrost affected area could lead to a misrepresentation of their importance in the carbon (C) cycle. In this study, the biodegradation potential of various water bodies from two hydrological continuums has been assessed via 15 days aerobic incubation of waters. Results show that biodegradability of waters increases along the continuum while the removal rate of DOC decreases as the consequence of a preferential biodegradation of low molecular weight organic acids (LMWOA). This preferential uptake leads to a relative accumulation of aromatic compounds in the end-members of the continuum. This suggests a shift in the dominantly used pools of DOC along the continuum: a rapidly consumed DOC pool at the beginning of the continuum and a more slowly consumed one at the end of the continuum.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Limnology and Freshwater Biology},\\n\\tauthor = {Payandi-Rolland, D. and Shirokova, L. S. and Tesfa, M. and Benezeth, P. and Lim, A. and Kuzmina, D. and Karlsson, J. and Giesler, R. and Pokrovsky, O. S.},\\n\\tmonth = sep,\\n\\tyear = {2020},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, aromaticity},\\n\\tpages = {874--875},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Payandi-Rolland, D.\",\"Shirokova, L. S.\",\"Tesfa, M.\",\"Benezeth, P.\",\"Lim, A.\",\"Kuzmina, D.\",\"Karlsson, J.\",\"Giesler, R.\",\"Pokrovsky, O. S.\"],\"key\":\"payandi-rolland_doc_2020\",\"id\":\"payandi-rolland_doc_2020\",\"bibbaseid\":\"payandirolland-shirokova-tesfa-benezeth-lim-kuzmina-karlsson-giesler-etal-docbiodegradationbehavioralongpermafrostaffectedhydrologicalcontinuum-2020\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"http://limnolfwbiol.com/index.php/LFWB/article/view/638\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"aromaticity\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"The effect of temperature and substrate quality on the carbon use efficiency of saprotrophic decomposition\",\"volume\":\"414\",\"issn\":\"1573-5036\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-016-3104-x\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s11104-016-3104-x\",\"abstract\":\"Mineralization of soil organic matter (SOM) constitutes a major carbon flux to the atmosphere. The carbon use efficiency (CUE) of the saprotrophic microorganisms mineralizing SOM is integral for soil carbon dynamics. Here we investigate how the CUE is affected by temperature, metabolic conditions, and the molecular complexity of the substrate.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"1\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Plant and Soil\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Öquist\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Mats\",\"G.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Erhagen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Björn\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Haei\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Mahsa\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sparrman\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Tobias\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ilstedt\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ulrik\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Schleucher\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jürgen\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Nilsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Mats\",\"B.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"May\",\"year\":\"2017\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, 13C–substrate, Boreal forest soil, Carbon use efficiency (CUE), Decomposition, Metabolic condition, NMR\",\"pages\":\"113–125\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{oquist_effect_2017,\\n\\ttitle = {The effect of temperature and substrate quality on the carbon use efficiency of saprotrophic decomposition},\\n\\tvolume = {414},\\n\\tissn = {1573-5036},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-016-3104-x},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s11104-016-3104-x},\\n\\tabstract = {Mineralization of soil organic matter (SOM) constitutes a major carbon flux to the atmosphere. The carbon use efficiency (CUE) of the saprotrophic microorganisms mineralizing SOM is integral for soil carbon dynamics. Here we investigate how the CUE is affected by temperature, metabolic conditions, and the molecular complexity of the substrate.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {1},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Plant and Soil},\\n\\tauthor = {Öquist, Mats G. and Erhagen, Björn and Haei, Mahsa and Sparrman, Tobias and Ilstedt, Ulrik and Schleucher, Jürgen and Nilsson, Mats B.},\\n\\tmonth = may,\\n\\tyear = {2017},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, 13C–substrate, Boreal forest soil, Carbon use efficiency (CUE), Decomposition, Metabolic condition, NMR},\\n\\tpages = {113--125},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Öquist, M. G.\",\"Erhagen, B.\",\"Haei, M.\",\"Sparrman, T.\",\"Ilstedt, U.\",\"Schleucher, J.\",\"Nilsson, M. B.\"],\"key\":\"oquist_effect_2017\",\"id\":\"oquist_effect_2017\",\"bibbaseid\":\"quist-erhagen-haei-sparrman-ilstedt-schleucher-nilsson-theeffectoftemperatureandsubstratequalityonthecarbonuseefficiencyofsaprotrophicdecomposition-2017\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-016-3104-x\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"13C–substrate\",\"Boreal forest soil\",\"Carbon use efficiency (CUE)\",\"Decomposition\",\"Metabolic condition\",\"NMR\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Persistent nitrogen limitation of stream biofilm communities along climate gradients in the Arctic\",\"volume\":\"24\",\"copyright\":\"© 2018 John Wiley & Sons Ltd\",\"issn\":\"1365-2486\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.14117\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/gcb.14117\",\"abstract\":\"Climate change is rapidly reshaping Arctic landscapes through shifts in vegetation cover and productivity, soil resource mobilization, and hydrological regimes. The implications of these changes for stream ecosystems and food webs is unclear and will depend largely on microbial biofilm responses to concurrent shifts in temperature, light, and resource supply from land. To study those responses, we used nutrient diffusing substrates to manipulate resource supply to biofilm communities along regional gradients in stream temperature, riparian shading, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) loading in Arctic Sweden. We found strong nitrogen (N) limitation across this gradient for gross primary production, community respiration and chlorophyll-a accumulation. For unamended biofilms, activity and biomass accrual were not closely related to any single physical or chemical driver across this region. However, the magnitude of biofilm response to N addition was: in tundra streams, biofilm response was constrained by thermal regimes, whereas variation in light availability regulated this response in birch and coniferous forest streams. Furthermore, heterotrophic responses to experimental N addition increased across the region with greater stream water concentrations of DOC relative to inorganic N. Thus, future shifts in resource supply to these ecosystems are likely to interact with other concurrent environmental changes to regulate stream productivity. Indeed, our results suggest that in the absence of increased nutrient inputs, Arctic streams will be less sensitive to future changes in other habitat variables such as temperature and DOC loading.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"8\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Global Change Biology\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Myrstener\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Maria\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Rocher-Ros\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Gerard\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Burrows\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ryan\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bergström\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ann-Kristin\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Giesler\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Reiner\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sponseller\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ryan\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2018\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.14117\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Arctic, Bioassay, Biofilm, Climate Change, Co-limitation, Nitrogen limitation, Nutrient addition, Stream productivity, bioassay, biofilm, climate change, colimitation, nitrogen limitation, nutrient addition, stream productivity\",\"pages\":\"3680–3691\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{myrstener_persistent_2018,\\n\\ttitle = {Persistent nitrogen limitation of stream biofilm communities along climate gradients in the {Arctic}},\\n\\tvolume = {24},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2018 John Wiley \\\\& Sons Ltd},\\n\\tissn = {1365-2486},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.14117},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/gcb.14117},\\n\\tabstract = {Climate change is rapidly reshaping Arctic landscapes through shifts in vegetation cover and productivity, soil resource mobilization, and hydrological regimes. The implications of these changes for stream ecosystems and food webs is unclear and will depend largely on microbial biofilm responses to concurrent shifts in temperature, light, and resource supply from land. To study those responses, we used nutrient diffusing substrates to manipulate resource supply to biofilm communities along regional gradients in stream temperature, riparian shading, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) loading in Arctic Sweden. We found strong nitrogen (N) limitation across this gradient for gross primary production, community respiration and chlorophyll-a accumulation. For unamended biofilms, activity and biomass accrual were not closely related to any single physical or chemical driver across this region. However, the magnitude of biofilm response to N addition was: in tundra streams, biofilm response was constrained by thermal regimes, whereas variation in light availability regulated this response in birch and coniferous forest streams. Furthermore, heterotrophic responses to experimental N addition increased across the region with greater stream water concentrations of DOC relative to inorganic N. Thus, future shifts in resource supply to these ecosystems are likely to interact with other concurrent environmental changes to regulate stream productivity. Indeed, our results suggest that in the absence of increased nutrient inputs, Arctic streams will be less sensitive to future changes in other habitat variables such as temperature and DOC loading.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {8},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Global Change Biology},\\n\\tauthor = {Myrstener, Maria and Rocher-Ros, Gerard and Burrows, Ryan M. and Bergström, Ann-Kristin and Giesler, Reiner and Sponseller, Ryan A.},\\n\\tyear = {2018},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.14117},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Arctic, Bioassay, Biofilm, Climate Change, Co-limitation, Nitrogen limitation, Nutrient addition, Stream productivity, bioassay, biofilm, climate change, colimitation, nitrogen limitation, nutrient addition, stream productivity},\\n\\tpages = {3680--3691},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Myrstener, M.\",\"Rocher-Ros, G.\",\"Burrows, R. M.\",\"Bergström, A.\",\"Giesler, R.\",\"Sponseller, R. A.\"],\"key\":\"myrstener_persistent_2018\",\"id\":\"myrstener_persistent_2018\",\"bibbaseid\":\"myrstener-rocherros-burrows-bergstrm-giesler-sponseller-persistentnitrogenlimitationofstreambiofilmcommunitiesalongclimategradientsinthearctic-2018\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.14117\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Arctic\",\"Bioassay\",\"Biofilm\",\"Climate Change\",\"Co-limitation\",\"Nitrogen limitation\",\"Nutrient addition\",\"Stream productivity\",\"bioassay\",\"biofilm\",\"climate change\",\"colimitation\",\"nitrogen limitation\",\"nutrient addition\",\"stream productivity\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Erosion regime controls sediment environmental DNA-based community reconstruction\",\"volume\":\"5\",\"copyright\":\"© 2023 The Authors. Environmental DNA published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.\",\"issn\":\"2637-4943\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/edn3.458\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/edn3.458\",\"abstract\":\"Analysis of environmental DNA detected in lake sediments shows promise to become a great paleoecological technique that can provide detailed information about organism communities living in past environments. However, when interpreting sedimentary environmental DNA records, it is of crucial importance to separate ecosystem responses to large-scale environmental change from “noise” caused by changes in sediment provenance or potential post-depositional DNA mobility. In this study, we show that plant and mammalian communities reconstructed from sediments are strongly affected by sediment provenance, but unaffected by vertical mobility of DNA after sediment deposition. We observe that DNA from aquatic plants was abundant in background sediment, while embedded detrital event layers (sediment deposited under erosion events) primarily contained terrestrial plants; hence, vertical mobility of aquatic plant DNA across sediment layers was negligible within our studied lakes. About 33% of the identified terrestrial plant genera were only found in detrital sediment, suggesting that sediment origin had a strong impact on the reconstructed plant community. Similarly, DNA of some mammalian taxa (Capra hircus, Ursus arctos, Lepus, and Felis) were only or preferentially found in detrital event layers. Temporal changes across the Holocene were the main drivers of change for reconstructed plant communities, but sediment type was the second most important factor of variance. Our results highlight that erosion and sediment provenance need to be considered when reconstructing past mammalian and plant communities using environmental DNA from lake sediments.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"6\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Environmental DNA\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Morlock\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Marina\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Rodriguez-Martinez\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Saúl\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Huang\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Doreen\",\"Yu-Tuan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Klaminder\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jonatan\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2023\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/edn3.458\",\"keywords\":\"DNA taphonomy, Lake Grosssee, Switzerland, erosion, lake sediment, paleoecology, sedaDNA\",\"pages\":\"1393–1404\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{morlock_erosion_2023,\\n\\ttitle = {Erosion regime controls sediment environmental {DNA}-based community reconstruction},\\n\\tvolume = {5},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2023 The Authors. Environmental DNA published by John Wiley \\\\& Sons Ltd.},\\n\\tissn = {2637-4943},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/edn3.458},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1002/edn3.458},\\n\\tabstract = {Analysis of environmental DNA detected in lake sediments shows promise to become a great paleoecological technique that can provide detailed information about organism communities living in past environments. However, when interpreting sedimentary environmental DNA records, it is of crucial importance to separate ecosystem responses to large-scale environmental change from “noise” caused by changes in sediment provenance or potential post-depositional DNA mobility. In this study, we show that plant and mammalian communities reconstructed from sediments are strongly affected by sediment provenance, but unaffected by vertical mobility of DNA after sediment deposition. We observe that DNA from aquatic plants was abundant in background sediment, while embedded detrital event layers (sediment deposited under erosion events) primarily contained terrestrial plants; hence, vertical mobility of aquatic plant DNA across sediment layers was negligible within our studied lakes. About 33\\\\% of the identified terrestrial plant genera were only found in detrital sediment, suggesting that sediment origin had a strong impact on the reconstructed plant community. Similarly, DNA of some mammalian taxa (Capra hircus, Ursus arctos, Lepus, and Felis) were only or preferentially found in detrital event layers. Temporal changes across the Holocene were the main drivers of change for reconstructed plant communities, but sediment type was the second most important factor of variance. Our results highlight that erosion and sediment provenance need to be considered when reconstructing past mammalian and plant communities using environmental DNA from lake sediments.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {6},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Environmental DNA},\\n\\tauthor = {Morlock, Marina A. and Rodriguez-Martinez, Saúl and Huang, Doreen Yu-Tuan and Klaminder, Jonatan},\\n\\tyear = {2023},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/edn3.458},\\n\\tkeywords = {DNA taphonomy, Lake Grosssee, Switzerland, erosion, lake sediment, paleoecology, sedaDNA},\\n\\tpages = {1393--1404},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Morlock, M. A.\",\"Rodriguez-Martinez, S.\",\"Huang, D. Y.\",\"Klaminder, J.\"],\"key\":\"morlock_erosion_2023\",\"id\":\"morlock_erosion_2023\",\"bibbaseid\":\"morlock-rodriguezmartinez-huang-klaminder-erosionregimecontrolssedimentenvironmentaldnabasedcommunityreconstruction-2023\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/edn3.458\"},\"keyword\":[\"DNA taphonomy\",\"Lake Grosssee\",\"Switzerland\",\"erosion\",\"lake sediment\",\"paleoecology\",\"sedaDNA\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Patchy field sampling biases understanding of climate change impacts across the Arctic\",\"volume\":\"2\",\"copyright\":\"2018 The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited\",\"issn\":\"2397-334X\",\"url\":\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-018-0612-5\",\"doi\":\"10.1038/s41559-018-0612-5\",\"abstract\":\"Effective societal responses to rapid climate change in the Arctic rely on an accurate representation of region-specific ecosystem properties and processes. However, this is limited by the scarcity and patchy distribution of field measurements. Here, we use a comprehensive, geo-referenced database of primary field measurements in 1,840 published studies across the Arctic to identify statistically significant spatial biases in field sampling and study citation across this globally important region. We find that 31% of all study citations are derived from sites located within 50 km of just two research sites: Toolik Lake in the USA and Abisko in Sweden. Furthermore, relatively colder, more rapidly warming and sparsely vegetated sites are under-sampled and under-recognized in terms of citations, particularly among microbiology-related studies. The poorly sampled and cited areas, mainly in the Canadian high-Arctic archipelago and the Arctic coastline of Russia, constitute a large fraction of the Arctic ice-free land area. Our results suggest that the current pattern of sampling and citation may bias the scientific consensuses that underpin attempts to accurately predict and effectively mitigate climate change in the region. Further work is required to increase both the quality and quantity of sampling, and incorporate existing literature from poorly cited areas to generate a more representative picture of Arctic climate change and its environmental impacts.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"9\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Nature Ecology & Evolution\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Metcalfe\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Daniel\",\"B.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hermans\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Thirze\",\"D.\",\"G.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ahlstrand\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jenny\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Becker\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Michael\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Berggren\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Martin\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Björk\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Robert\",\"G.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Björkman\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Mats\",\"P.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Blok\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Daan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Chaudhary\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Nitin\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Chisholm\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Chelsea\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Classen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Aimée\",\"T.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hasselquist\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Niles\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jonsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Micael\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kristensen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jeppe\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kumordzi\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Bright\",\"B.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lee\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Hanna\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Mayor\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jordan\",\"R.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Prevéy\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Janet\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Pantazatou\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Karolina\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Rousk\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Johannes\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sponseller\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ryan\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sundqvist\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Maja\",\"K.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Tang\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jing\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Uddling\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Johan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Wallin\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Göran\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Zhang\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Wenxin\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ahlström\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Anders\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Tenenbaum\"],\"firstnames\":[\"David\",\"E.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Abdi\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Abdulhakim\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"September\",\"year\":\"2018\",\"note\":\"Publisher: Nature Publishing Group\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Climate change, Environmental sciences, Research data\",\"pages\":\"1443–1448\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{metcalfe_patchy_2018,\\n\\ttitle = {Patchy field sampling biases understanding of climate change impacts across the {Arctic}},\\n\\tvolume = {2},\\n\\tcopyright = {2018 The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited},\\n\\tissn = {2397-334X},\\n\\turl = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-018-0612-5},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1038/s41559-018-0612-5},\\n\\tabstract = {Effective societal responses to rapid climate change in the Arctic rely on an accurate representation of region-specific ecosystem properties and processes. However, this is limited by the scarcity and patchy distribution of field measurements. Here, we use a comprehensive, geo-referenced database of primary field measurements in 1,840 published studies across the Arctic to identify statistically significant spatial biases in field sampling and study citation across this globally important region. We find that 31\\\\% of all study citations are derived from sites located within 50 km of just two research sites: Toolik Lake in the USA and Abisko in Sweden. Furthermore, relatively colder, more rapidly warming and sparsely vegetated sites are under-sampled and under-recognized in terms of citations, particularly among microbiology-related studies. The poorly sampled and cited areas, mainly in the Canadian high-Arctic archipelago and the Arctic coastline of Russia, constitute a large fraction of the Arctic ice-free land area. Our results suggest that the current pattern of sampling and citation may bias the scientific consensuses that underpin attempts to accurately predict and effectively mitigate climate change in the region. Further work is required to increase both the quality and quantity of sampling, and incorporate existing literature from poorly cited areas to generate a more representative picture of Arctic climate change and its environmental impacts.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {9},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Nature Ecology \\\\& Evolution},\\n\\tauthor = {Metcalfe, Daniel B. and Hermans, Thirze D. G. and Ahlstrand, Jenny and Becker, Michael and Berggren, Martin and Björk, Robert G. and Björkman, Mats P. and Blok, Daan and Chaudhary, Nitin and Chisholm, Chelsea and Classen, Aimée T. and Hasselquist, Niles J. and Jonsson, Micael and Kristensen, Jeppe A. and Kumordzi, Bright B. and Lee, Hanna and Mayor, Jordan R. and Prevéy, Janet and Pantazatou, Karolina and Rousk, Johannes and Sponseller, Ryan A. and Sundqvist, Maja K. and Tang, Jing and Uddling, Johan and Wallin, Göran and Zhang, Wenxin and Ahlström, Anders and Tenenbaum, David E. and Abdi, Abdulhakim M.},\\n\\tmonth = sep,\\n\\tyear = {2018},\\n\\tnote = {Publisher: Nature Publishing Group},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Climate change, Environmental sciences, Research data},\\n\\tpages = {1443--1448},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Metcalfe, D. B.\",\"Hermans, T. D. G.\",\"Ahlstrand, J.\",\"Becker, M.\",\"Berggren, M.\",\"Björk, R. G.\",\"Björkman, M. P.\",\"Blok, D.\",\"Chaudhary, N.\",\"Chisholm, C.\",\"Classen, A. T.\",\"Hasselquist, N. J.\",\"Jonsson, M.\",\"Kristensen, J. A.\",\"Kumordzi, B. B.\",\"Lee, H.\",\"Mayor, J. R.\",\"Prevéy, J.\",\"Pantazatou, K.\",\"Rousk, J.\",\"Sponseller, R. A.\",\"Sundqvist, M. K.\",\"Tang, J.\",\"Uddling, J.\",\"Wallin, G.\",\"Zhang, W.\",\"Ahlström, A.\",\"Tenenbaum, D. E.\",\"Abdi, A. M.\"],\"key\":\"metcalfe_patchy_2018\",\"id\":\"metcalfe_patchy_2018\",\"bibbaseid\":\"metcalfe-hermans-ahlstrand-becker-berggren-bjrk-bjrkman-blok-etal-patchyfieldsamplingbiasesunderstandingofclimatechangeimpactsacrossthearctic-2018\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-018-0612-5\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Climate change\",\"Environmental sciences\",\"Research data\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Discrete groundwater inflows influence patterns of nitrogen uptake in a boreal headwater stream\",\"volume\":\"39\",\"issn\":\"2161-9549\",\"url\":\"https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/708521\",\"doi\":\"10.1086/708521\",\"abstract\":\"Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) influences stream nitrogen (N) dynamics by regulating the nutrient demand of heterotrophic microbes and mediating their interactions with nitrifiers. However, DOC supply to streams is dynamic in space and time, which may create variability in N dynamics as a result of shifts between heterotrophic and chemoautotrophic influences. To test this, we measured spatial and temporal variation in concentrations and net uptake of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), ammonium (NH4+), and nitrate (NO3−) along a 1.4-km boreal stream fed by 4 discrete groundwater inflow zones. We also performed constant rate additions of NH4+, with and without acetate, to test the influence of labile DOC availability on N cycling. Groundwater N supply did not drive spatial patterns in N concentrations. However, we observed high rates of net NH4+ uptake at the sub-reach with the greatest groundwater DOC inputs, whereas net nitrification occurred where such inputs were negligible. At the reach scale, net DON and NH4+ uptake increased with greater groundwater discharge, DOC∶DIN, and ecosystem respiration, whereas net nitrification increased with greater DOC aromaticity. Finally, constant rate additions showed that, under increased DOC availability, NH4+ uptake increased 2×, whereas the proportion of NH4+ nitrified decreased from 42 to 15%. Together, these observations suggest that nitrification rivals heterotrophic uptake when aromatic DOC promotes heterotrophic carbon limitation. Discrete groundwater inflows and periods of elevated discharge can partially alleviate this limitation by supplying labile DOC from riparian soils. Hence, accounting for these land–water connections, over both time and space, is critical for understanding N dynamics in boreal streams.\",\"number\":\"2\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Freshwater Science\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lupon\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Anna\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Denfeld\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Blaize\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Laudon\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Hjalmar\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Leach\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jason\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sponseller\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ryan\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"June\",\"year\":\"2020\",\"note\":\"Publisher: The University of Chicago Press\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, dissolved organic carbon, dissolved organic nitrogen, groundwater inputs, Krycklan, metabolism, net nitrogen uptake, nitrification\",\"pages\":\"228–240\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{lupon_discrete_2020,\\n\\ttitle = {Discrete groundwater inflows influence patterns of nitrogen uptake in a boreal headwater stream},\\n\\tvolume = {39},\\n\\tissn = {2161-9549},\\n\\turl = {https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/708521},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1086/708521},\\n\\tabstract = {Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) influences stream nitrogen (N) dynamics by regulating the nutrient demand of heterotrophic microbes and mediating their interactions with nitrifiers. However, DOC supply to streams is dynamic in space and time, which may create variability in N dynamics as a result of shifts between heterotrophic and chemoautotrophic influences. To test this, we measured spatial and temporal variation in concentrations and net uptake of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), ammonium (NH4+), and nitrate (NO3−) along a 1.4-km boreal stream fed by 4 discrete groundwater inflow zones. We also performed constant rate additions of NH4+, with and without acetate, to test the influence of labile DOC availability on N cycling. Groundwater N supply did not drive spatial patterns in N concentrations. However, we observed high rates of net NH4+ uptake at the sub-reach with the greatest groundwater DOC inputs, whereas net nitrification occurred where such inputs were negligible. At the reach scale, net DON and NH4+ uptake increased with greater groundwater discharge, DOC∶DIN, and ecosystem respiration, whereas net nitrification increased with greater DOC aromaticity. Finally, constant rate additions showed that, under increased DOC availability, NH4+ uptake increased 2×, whereas the proportion of NH4+ nitrified decreased from 42 to 15\\\\%. Together, these observations suggest that nitrification rivals heterotrophic uptake when aromatic DOC promotes heterotrophic carbon limitation. Discrete groundwater inflows and periods of elevated discharge can partially alleviate this limitation by supplying labile DOC from riparian soils. Hence, accounting for these land–water connections, over both time and space, is critical for understanding N dynamics in boreal streams.},\\n\\tnumber = {2},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Freshwater Science},\\n\\tauthor = {Lupon, Anna and Denfeld, Blaize A. and Laudon, Hjalmar and Leach, Jason and Sponseller, Ryan A.},\\n\\tmonth = jun,\\n\\tyear = {2020},\\n\\tnote = {Publisher: The University of Chicago Press},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, dissolved organic carbon, dissolved organic nitrogen, groundwater inputs, Krycklan, metabolism, net nitrogen uptake, nitrification},\\n\\tpages = {228--240},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Lupon, A.\",\"Denfeld, B. A.\",\"Laudon, H.\",\"Leach, J.\",\"Sponseller, R. A.\"],\"key\":\"lupon_discrete_2020\",\"id\":\"lupon_discrete_2020\",\"bibbaseid\":\"lupon-denfeld-laudon-leach-sponseller-discretegroundwaterinflowsinfluencepatternsofnitrogenuptakeinaborealheadwaterstream-2020\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/708521\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"dissolved organic carbon\",\"dissolved organic nitrogen\",\"groundwater inputs\",\"Krycklan\",\"metabolism\",\"net nitrogen uptake\",\"nitrification\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Large and small herbivores have strong effects on tundra vegetation in Scandinavia and Alaska\",\"volume\":\"11\",\"copyright\":\"© 2021 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.\",\"issn\":\"2045-7758\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ece3.7977\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/ece3.7977\",\"abstract\":\"Large and small mammalian herbivores are present in most vegetated areas in the Arctic and often have large impacts on plant community composition and ecosystem functioning. The relative importance of different herbivores and especially how their specific impact on the vegetation varies across the Arctic is however poorly understood. Here, we investigate how large and small herbivores influence vegetation density and plant community composition in four arctic vegetation types in Scandinavia and Alaska. We used a unique set of exclosures, excluding only large (reindeer and muskoxen) or all mammalian herbivores (also voles and lemmings) for at least 20 years. We found that mammalian herbivores in general decreased leaf area index, NDVI, and abundance of vascular plants in all four locations, even though the strength of the effect and which herbivore type caused these effects differed across locations. In three locations, herbivore presence caused contrasting plant communities, but not in the location with lowest productivity. Large herbivores had a negative effect on plant height, whereas small mammalian herbivores increased species diversity by decreasing dominance of the initially dominating plant species. Above- or belowground disturbances caused by herbivores were found to play an important role in shaping the vegetation in all locations. Synthesis: Based on these results, we conclude that both small and large mammalian herbivores influence vegetation in Scandinavia and Alaska in a similar way, some of which can mitigate effects of climate change. We also see important differences across locations, but these depend rather on local herbivore and plant community composition than large biogeographical differences among continents.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"17\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Ecology and Evolution\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lindén\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Elin\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Gough\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Laura\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Olofsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Johan\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2021\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ece3.7977\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Arctic, Herbivores, diversity, exclosures, plant communities\",\"pages\":\"12141–12152\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{linden_large_2021,\\n\\ttitle = {Large and small herbivores have strong effects on tundra vegetation in {Scandinavia} and {Alaska}},\\n\\tvolume = {11},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2021 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley \\\\& Sons Ltd.},\\n\\tissn = {2045-7758},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ece3.7977},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1002/ece3.7977},\\n\\tabstract = {Large and small mammalian herbivores are present in most vegetated areas in the Arctic and often have large impacts on plant community composition and ecosystem functioning. The relative importance of different herbivores and especially how their specific impact on the vegetation varies across the Arctic is however poorly understood. Here, we investigate how large and small herbivores influence vegetation density and plant community composition in four arctic vegetation types in Scandinavia and Alaska. We used a unique set of exclosures, excluding only large (reindeer and muskoxen) or all mammalian herbivores (also voles and lemmings) for at least 20 years. We found that mammalian herbivores in general decreased leaf area index, NDVI, and abundance of vascular plants in all four locations, even though the strength of the effect and which herbivore type caused these effects differed across locations. In three locations, herbivore presence caused contrasting plant communities, but not in the location with lowest productivity. Large herbivores had a negative effect on plant height, whereas small mammalian herbivores increased species diversity by decreasing dominance of the initially dominating plant species. Above- or belowground disturbances caused by herbivores were found to play an important role in shaping the vegetation in all locations. Synthesis: Based on these results, we conclude that both small and large mammalian herbivores influence vegetation in Scandinavia and Alaska in a similar way, some of which can mitigate effects of climate change. We also see important differences across locations, but these depend rather on local herbivore and plant community composition than large biogeographical differences among continents.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {17},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Ecology and Evolution},\\n\\tauthor = {Lindén, Elin and Gough, Laura and Olofsson, Johan},\\n\\tyear = {2021},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ece3.7977},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Arctic, Herbivores, diversity, exclosures, plant communities},\\n\\tpages = {12141--12152},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Lindén, E.\",\"Gough, L.\",\"Olofsson, J.\"],\"key\":\"linden_large_2021\",\"id\":\"linden_large_2021\",\"bibbaseid\":\"lindn-gough-olofsson-largeandsmallherbivoreshavestrongeffectsontundravegetationinscandinaviaandalaska-2021\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ece3.7977\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Arctic\",\"Herbivores\",\"diversity\",\"exclosures\",\"plant communities\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"The role of bryophytes for tree seedling responses to winter climate change: Implications for the stress gradient hypothesis\",\"volume\":\"106\",\"copyright\":\"© 2017 The Authors. Journal of Ecology © 2017 British Ecological Society\",\"issn\":\"1365-2745\",\"shorttitle\":\"The role of bryophytes for tree seedling responses to winter climate change\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1365-2745.12898\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/1365-2745.12898\",\"abstract\":\"When tree seedlings establish beyond the current tree line due to climate warming, they encounter existing vegetation, such as bryophytes that often dominate in arctic and alpine tundra. The stress gradient hypothesis (SGH) predicts that plant interactions in tundra become increasingly negative as climate warms and conditions become less harsh. However, for seedlings, climate warming might not result in lower winter stress, if insulating snow cover is reduced. We aimed to understand if bryophytes facilitate seedling survival in a changing winter climate and if these effects of bryophytes on tree seedlings comply with the SGH along elevational gradients under contrasting snow conditions. In the Swedish subarctic, we transplanted intact bryophyte cores covered by each of three bryophyte species and bryophyte-free control soil from above the tree line to two field common garden sites, representing current and future tree line air temperature conditions (i.e. current tree line elevation and a lower, warmer, elevation below the tree line). We planted seedlings of Betula pubescens and Pinus sylvestris into these cores and subjected them to experimental manipulation of snow cover during one winter. In agreement with the SGH, milder conditions caused by increased snow cover enhanced the generally negative or neutral effects of bryophytes on seedlings immediately after winter. Furthermore, survival of P. sylvestris seedlings after one full year was higher at lower elevation, especially when snow cover was thinner. However, in contrast with the SGH, impacts of bryophytes on over-winter survival of seedlings did not differ between elevations, and impacts on survival of B. pubescens seedlings after 1 year was more negative at lower elevation. Bryophyte species differed in their effect on seedling survival after winter, but these differences were not related to their insulating capacity. Synthesis. Our study demonstrates that interactions from bryophytes can modify the impacts of winter climate change on tree seedlings, and vice versa. These responses do not always comply with SGH, but could ultimately have consequences for large-scale ecological processes such as tree line shifts. These new insights need to be taken into account in predictions of plant species responses to climate change.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"3\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Journal of Ecology\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lett\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Signe\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Wardle\"],\"firstnames\":[\"David\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Nilsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Marie-Charlotte\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Teuber\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Laurenz\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Dorrepaal\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ellen\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2018\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2745.12898\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, B. pubescens, P. sylvestris, alpine, climate change, competition, facilitation, plant–plant interactions, snow cover, subarctic, tree line\",\"pages\":\"1142–1155\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{lett_role_2018,\\n\\ttitle = {The role of bryophytes for tree seedling responses to winter climate change: {Implications} for the stress gradient hypothesis},\\n\\tvolume = {106},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2017 The Authors. Journal of Ecology © 2017 British Ecological Society},\\n\\tissn = {1365-2745},\\n\\tshorttitle = {The role of bryophytes for tree seedling responses to winter climate change},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1365-2745.12898},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/1365-2745.12898},\\n\\tabstract = {When tree seedlings establish beyond the current tree line due to climate warming, they encounter existing vegetation, such as bryophytes that often dominate in arctic and alpine tundra. The stress gradient hypothesis (SGH) predicts that plant interactions in tundra become increasingly negative as climate warms and conditions become less harsh. However, for seedlings, climate warming might not result in lower winter stress, if insulating snow cover is reduced. We aimed to understand if bryophytes facilitate seedling survival in a changing winter climate and if these effects of bryophytes on tree seedlings comply with the SGH along elevational gradients under contrasting snow conditions. In the Swedish subarctic, we transplanted intact bryophyte cores covered by each of three bryophyte species and bryophyte-free control soil from above the tree line to two field common garden sites, representing current and future tree line air temperature conditions (i.e. current tree line elevation and a lower, warmer, elevation below the tree line). We planted seedlings of Betula pubescens and Pinus sylvestris into these cores and subjected them to experimental manipulation of snow cover during one winter. In agreement with the SGH, milder conditions caused by increased snow cover enhanced the generally negative or neutral effects of bryophytes on seedlings immediately after winter. Furthermore, survival of P. sylvestris seedlings after one full year was higher at lower elevation, especially when snow cover was thinner. However, in contrast with the SGH, impacts of bryophytes on over-winter survival of seedlings did not differ between elevations, and impacts on survival of B. pubescens seedlings after 1 year was more negative at lower elevation. Bryophyte species differed in their effect on seedling survival after winter, but these differences were not related to their insulating capacity. Synthesis. Our study demonstrates that interactions from bryophytes can modify the impacts of winter climate change on tree seedlings, and vice versa. These responses do not always comply with SGH, but could ultimately have consequences for large-scale ecological processes such as tree line shifts. These new insights need to be taken into account in predictions of plant species responses to climate change.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {3},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Journal of Ecology},\\n\\tauthor = {Lett, Signe and Wardle, David A. and Nilsson, Marie-Charlotte and Teuber, Laurenz M. and Dorrepaal, Ellen},\\n\\tyear = {2018},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2745.12898},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, B. pubescens, P. sylvestris, alpine, climate change, competition, facilitation, plant–plant interactions, snow cover, subarctic, tree line},\\n\\tpages = {1142--1155},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Lett, S.\",\"Wardle, D. A.\",\"Nilsson, M.\",\"Teuber, L. M.\",\"Dorrepaal, E.\"],\"key\":\"lett_role_2018\",\"id\":\"lett_role_2018\",\"bibbaseid\":\"lett-wardle-nilsson-teuber-dorrepaal-theroleofbryophytesfortreeseedlingresponsestowinterclimatechangeimplicationsforthestressgradienthypothesis-2018\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1365-2745.12898\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"B. pubescens\",\"P. sylvestris\",\"alpine\",\"climate change\",\"competition\",\"facilitation\",\"plant–plant interactions\",\"snow cover\",\"subarctic\",\"tree line\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Can bryophyte groups increase functional resolution in tundra ecosystems?\",\"volume\":\"8\",\"url\":\"https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/full/10.1139/as-2020-0057\",\"doi\":\"10.1139/as-2020-0057\",\"abstract\":\"The relative contribution of bryophytes to plant diversity, primary productivity, and ecosystem functioning increases towards colder climates. Bryophytes respond to environmental changes at the species level, but because bryophyte species are relatively difficult to identify, they are often lumped into one functional group. Consequently, bryophyte function remains poorly resolved. Here, we explore how higher resolution of bryophyte functional diversity can be encouraged and implemented in tundra ecological studies. We briefly review previous bryophyte functional classifications and the roles of bryophytes in tundra ecosystems and their susceptibility to environmental change. Based on shoot morphology and colony organization, we then propose twelve easily distinguishable bryophyte functional groups. To illustrate how bryophyte functional groups can help elucidate variation in bryophyte effects and responses, we compiled existing data on water holding capacity, a key bryophyte trait. Although plant functional groups can mask potentially high interspecific and intraspecific variability, we found better separation of bryophyte functional group means compared with previous grouping systems regarding water holding capacity. This suggests that our bryophyte functional groups truly represent variation in the functional roles of bryophytes in tundra ecosystems. Lastly, we provide recommendations to improve the monitoring of bryophyte community changes in tundra study sites.\",\"number\":\"3\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Arctic Science\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lett\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Signe\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jónsdóttir\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ingibjörg\",\"S.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Becker-Scarpitta\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Antoine\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Christiansen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Casper\",\"T.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"During\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Heinjo\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ekelund\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Flemming\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Henry\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Gregory\",\"H.R.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lang\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Simone\",\"I.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Michelsen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Anders\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Rousk\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Kathrin\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Alatalo\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Juha\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Betway\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Katlyn\",\"R.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Rui\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sara\",\"B.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Callaghan\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Terry\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Carbognani\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Michele\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Cooper\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Elisabeth\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Cornelissen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"J.\",\"Hans\",\"C.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Dorrepaal\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ellen\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Egelkraut\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Dagmar\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Elumeeva\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Tatiana\",\"G.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Haugum\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Siri\",\"V.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hollister\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Robert\",\"D.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jägerbrand\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Annika\",\"K.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Keuper\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Frida\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Klanderud\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Kari\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lévesque\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Esther\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Liu\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Xin\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"May\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jeremy\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Michel\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Pascale\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Mörsdorf\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Martin\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Petraglia\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Alessandro\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Rixen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Christian\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Robroek\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Bjorn\",\"J.M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Rzepczynska\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Agnieszka\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Soudzilovskaia\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Nadejda\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Tolvanen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Anne\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Vandvik\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Vigdis\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Volkov\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Igor\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Volkova\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Irina\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Zuijlen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Kristel\",\"van\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"September\",\"year\":\"2022\",\"note\":\"Publisher: NRC Research Press\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource\",\"pages\":\"609–637\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{lett_can_2022,\\n\\ttitle = {Can bryophyte groups increase functional resolution in tundra ecosystems?},\\n\\tvolume = {8},\\n\\turl = {https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/full/10.1139/as-2020-0057},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1139/as-2020-0057},\\n\\tabstract = {The relative contribution of bryophytes to plant diversity, primary productivity, and ecosystem functioning increases towards colder climates. Bryophytes respond to environmental changes at the species level, but because bryophyte species are relatively difficult to identify, they are often lumped into one functional group. Consequently, bryophyte function remains poorly resolved. Here, we explore how higher resolution of bryophyte functional diversity can be encouraged and implemented in tundra ecological studies. We briefly review previous bryophyte functional classifications and the roles of bryophytes in tundra ecosystems and their susceptibility to environmental change. Based on shoot morphology and colony organization, we then propose twelve easily distinguishable bryophyte functional groups. To illustrate how bryophyte functional groups can help elucidate variation in bryophyte effects and responses, we compiled existing data on water holding capacity, a key bryophyte trait. Although plant functional groups can mask potentially high interspecific and intraspecific variability, we found better separation of bryophyte functional group means compared with previous grouping systems regarding water holding capacity. This suggests that our bryophyte functional groups truly represent variation in the functional roles of bryophytes in tundra ecosystems. Lastly, we provide recommendations to improve the monitoring of bryophyte community changes in tundra study sites.},\\n\\tnumber = {3},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Arctic Science},\\n\\tauthor = {Lett, Signe and Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg S. and Becker-Scarpitta, Antoine and Christiansen, Casper T. and During, Heinjo and Ekelund, Flemming and Henry, Gregory H.R. and Lang, Simone I. and Michelsen, Anders and Rousk, Kathrin and Alatalo, Juha M. and Betway, Katlyn R. and Rui, Sara B. and Callaghan, Terry and Carbognani, Michele and Cooper, Elisabeth J. and Cornelissen, J. Hans C. and Dorrepaal, Ellen and Egelkraut, Dagmar and Elumeeva, Tatiana G. and Haugum, Siri V. and Hollister, Robert D. and Jägerbrand, Annika K. and Keuper, Frida and Klanderud, Kari and Lévesque, Esther and Liu, Xin and May, Jeremy and Michel, Pascale and Mörsdorf, Martin and Petraglia, Alessandro and Rixen, Christian and Robroek, Bjorn J.M. and Rzepczynska, Agnieszka M. and Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A. and Tolvanen, Anne and Vandvik, Vigdis and Volkov, Igor and Volkova, Irina and Zuijlen, Kristel van},\\n\\tmonth = sep,\\n\\tyear = {2022},\\n\\tnote = {Publisher: NRC Research Press},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource},\\n\\tpages = {609--637},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Lett, S.\",\"Jónsdóttir, I. S.\",\"Becker-Scarpitta, A.\",\"Christiansen, C. T.\",\"During, H.\",\"Ekelund, F.\",\"Henry, G. H.\",\"Lang, S. I.\",\"Michelsen, A.\",\"Rousk, K.\",\"Alatalo, J. M.\",\"Betway, K. R.\",\"Rui, S. B.\",\"Callaghan, T.\",\"Carbognani, M.\",\"Cooper, E. J.\",\"Cornelissen, J. H. C.\",\"Dorrepaal, E.\",\"Egelkraut, D.\",\"Elumeeva, T. G.\",\"Haugum, S. V.\",\"Hollister, R. D.\",\"Jägerbrand, A. K.\",\"Keuper, F.\",\"Klanderud, K.\",\"Lévesque, E.\",\"Liu, X.\",\"May, J.\",\"Michel, P.\",\"Mörsdorf, M.\",\"Petraglia, A.\",\"Rixen, C.\",\"Robroek, B. J.\",\"Rzepczynska, A. M.\",\"Soudzilovskaia, N. A.\",\"Tolvanen, A.\",\"Vandvik, V.\",\"Volkov, I.\",\"Volkova, I.\",\"Zuijlen, K. v.\"],\"key\":\"lett_can_2022\",\"id\":\"lett_can_2022\",\"bibbaseid\":\"lett-jnsdttir-beckerscarpitta-christiansen-during-ekelund-henry-lang-etal-canbryophytegroupsincreasefunctionalresolutionintundraecosystems-2022\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/full/10.1139/as-2020-0057\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Trade-off between competition and facilitation defines gap colonization in mountains\",\"volume\":\"7\",\"issn\":\"2041-2851\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plv128\",\"doi\":\"10.1093/aobpla/plv128\",\"abstract\":\"Recent experimental observations show that gap colonization in small-stature (e.g. grassland and dwarf shrubs) vegetation strongly depends on the abiotic conditions within them. At the same time, within-gap variation in biotic interactions such as competition and facilitation, caused by distance to the gap edge, would affect colonizer performance, but a theoretical framework to explore such patterns is missing. Here, we model how competition, facilitation and environmental conditions together determine the small-scale patterns of gap colonization along a cold gradient in mountains, by simulating colonizer survival in gaps of various sizes. Our model adds another dimension to the known effects of biotic interactions along a stress gradient by focussing on the trade-off between competition and facilitation in the within-gap environment. We show that this trade-off defines a peak in colonizer survival at a specific distance from the gap edge, which progressively shifts closer to the edge as the environment gets colder, ultimately leaving a large fraction of gaps unsuitable for colonization in facilitation-dominated systems. This is reinforced when vegetation size and temperature amelioration are manipulated simultaneously with temperature in order to simulate an elevational gradient more realistically. Interestingly, all other conditions being equal, the magnitude of the realized survival peak was always lower in large than in small gaps, making large gaps harder to colonize. The model is relevant to predict effects of non-native plant invasions and climate warming on colonization processes in mountains.\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"AoB PLANTS\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lembrechts\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jonas\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Milbau\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ann\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Nijs\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ivan\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"January\",\"year\":\"2015\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Alien plant invasion, Gradients, cold climates, disturbance, gap invasion, mountains, plant-plant interactions, stress gradient hypothesis\",\"pages\":\"plv128\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{lembrechts_trade-off_2015,\\n\\ttitle = {Trade-off between competition and facilitation defines gap colonization in mountains},\\n\\tvolume = {7},\\n\\tissn = {2041-2851},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plv128},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1093/aobpla/plv128},\\n\\tabstract = {Recent experimental observations show that gap colonization in small-stature (e.g. grassland and dwarf shrubs) vegetation strongly depends on the abiotic conditions within them. At the same time, within-gap variation in biotic interactions such as competition and facilitation, caused by distance to the gap edge, would affect colonizer performance, but a theoretical framework to explore such patterns is missing. Here, we model how competition, facilitation and environmental conditions together determine the small-scale patterns of gap colonization along a cold gradient in mountains, by simulating colonizer survival in gaps of various sizes. Our model adds another dimension to the known effects of biotic interactions along a stress gradient by focussing on the trade-off between competition and facilitation in the within-gap environment. We show that this trade-off defines a peak in colonizer survival at a specific distance from the gap edge, which progressively shifts closer to the edge as the environment gets colder, ultimately leaving a large fraction of gaps unsuitable for colonization in facilitation-dominated systems. This is reinforced when vegetation size and temperature amelioration are manipulated simultaneously with temperature in order to simulate an elevational gradient more realistically. Interestingly, all other conditions being equal, the magnitude of the realized survival peak was always lower in large than in small gaps, making large gaps harder to colonize. The model is relevant to predict effects of non-native plant invasions and climate warming on colonization processes in mountains.},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {AoB PLANTS},\\n\\tauthor = {Lembrechts, Jonas J. and Milbau, Ann and Nijs, Ivan},\\n\\tmonth = jan,\\n\\tyear = {2015},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Alien plant invasion, Gradients, cold climates, disturbance, gap invasion, mountains, plant-plant interactions, stress gradient hypothesis},\\n\\tpages = {plv128},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Lembrechts, J. J.\",\"Milbau, A.\",\"Nijs, I.\"],\"key\":\"lembrechts_trade-off_2015\",\"id\":\"lembrechts_trade-off_2015\",\"bibbaseid\":\"lembrechts-milbau-nijs-tradeoffbetweencompetitionandfacilitationdefinesgapcolonizationinmountains-2015\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plv128\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Alien plant invasion\",\"Gradients\",\"cold climates\",\"disturbance\",\"gap invasion\",\"mountains\",\"plant-plant interactions\",\"stress gradient hypothesis\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Mountain roads shift native and non-native plant species' ranges\",\"volume\":\"40\",\"copyright\":\"© 2016 The Authors\",\"issn\":\"1600-0587\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/ecog.02200\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/ecog.02200\",\"abstract\":\"Roads are known to act as corridors for dispersal of plant species. With their variable microclimate, role as corridors for species movement and reoccurring disturbance events, they show several characteristics that might influence range dynamics of both native and non-native species. Previous research on plant species ranges in mountains however seldom included the effects of roads. To study how ranges of native and non-native species differ between roads and adjacent vegetation, we used a global dataset of plant species composition along mountain roads. We compared average elevation and range width of species, and used generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) to compile their range optimum and amplitude. We then explored differences between roadside and adjacent plots based on a species’ origin (native vs non-native) and nitrogen and temperature affinity. Most non-native species had on average higher elevational ranges and broader amplitudes in roadsides. Higher optima for non-native species were associated with high nitrogen and temperature affinity. While lowland native species showed patterns comparable to those in non-native species, highland native species had significantly lower elevational ranges in roadsides compared to the adjacent vegetation. We conclude that roadsides indeed change the elevational ranges of a variety of species. These changes are not limited to the expansion of non-native species along mountain roads, but also include both upward and downward changes in ranges of native species. Roadsides may thus facilitate upward range shifts, for instance related to climate change, and they could serve as corridors to facilitate migration of alpine species between adjacent high-elevation areas. We recommend including the effects of mountain roads in species distribution models to fine-tune the predictions of range changes in a warming climate.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"3\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Ecography\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lembrechts\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jonas\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Alexander\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jake\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Cavieres\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Lohengrin\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Haider\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sylvia\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lenoir\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jonathan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kueffer\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Christoph\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"McDougall\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Keith\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Naylor\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Bridgett\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Nuñez\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Martín\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Pauchard\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Aníbal\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Rew\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Lisa\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Nijs\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ivan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Milbau\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ann\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2017\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://nsojournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/ecog.02200\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Species distributions, disturbance, mountain roads, native and non-native species, nitrogen and temperature affinity, plant invasion, range shifts\",\"pages\":\"353–364\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{lembrechts_mountain_2017,\\n\\ttitle = {Mountain roads shift native and non-native plant species' ranges},\\n\\tvolume = {40},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2016 The Authors},\\n\\tissn = {1600-0587},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/ecog.02200},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/ecog.02200},\\n\\tabstract = {Roads are known to act as corridors for dispersal of plant species. With their variable microclimate, role as corridors for species movement and reoccurring disturbance events, they show several characteristics that might influence range dynamics of both native and non-native species. Previous research on plant species ranges in mountains however seldom included the effects of roads. To study how ranges of native and non-native species differ between roads and adjacent vegetation, we used a global dataset of plant species composition along mountain roads. We compared average elevation and range width of species, and used generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) to compile their range optimum and amplitude. We then explored differences between roadside and adjacent plots based on a species’ origin (native vs non-native) and nitrogen and temperature affinity. Most non-native species had on average higher elevational ranges and broader amplitudes in roadsides. Higher optima for non-native species were associated with high nitrogen and temperature affinity. While lowland native species showed patterns comparable to those in non-native species, highland native species had significantly lower elevational ranges in roadsides compared to the adjacent vegetation. We conclude that roadsides indeed change the elevational ranges of a variety of species. These changes are not limited to the expansion of non-native species along mountain roads, but also include both upward and downward changes in ranges of native species. Roadsides may thus facilitate upward range shifts, for instance related to climate change, and they could serve as corridors to facilitate migration of alpine species between adjacent high-elevation areas. We recommend including the effects of mountain roads in species distribution models to fine-tune the predictions of range changes in a warming climate.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {3},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Ecography},\\n\\tauthor = {Lembrechts, Jonas J. and Alexander, Jake M. and Cavieres, Lohengrin A. and Haider, Sylvia and Lenoir, Jonathan and Kueffer, Christoph and McDougall, Keith and Naylor, Bridgett J. and Nuñez, Martín A. and Pauchard, Aníbal and Rew, Lisa J. and Nijs, Ivan and Milbau, Ann},\\n\\tyear = {2017},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://nsojournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/ecog.02200},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Species distributions, disturbance, mountain roads, native and non-native species, nitrogen and temperature affinity, plant invasion, range shifts},\\n\\tpages = {353--364},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Lembrechts, J. J.\",\"Alexander, J. M.\",\"Cavieres, L. A.\",\"Haider, S.\",\"Lenoir, J.\",\"Kueffer, C.\",\"McDougall, K.\",\"Naylor, B. J.\",\"Nuñez, M. A.\",\"Pauchard, A.\",\"Rew, L. J.\",\"Nijs, I.\",\"Milbau, A.\"],\"key\":\"lembrechts_mountain_2017\",\"id\":\"lembrechts_mountain_2017\",\"bibbaseid\":\"lembrechts-alexander-cavieres-haider-lenoir-kueffer-mcdougall-naylor-etal-mountainroadsshiftnativeandnonnativeplantspeciesranges-2017\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/ecog.02200\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Species distributions\",\"disturbance\",\"mountain roads\",\"native and non-native species\",\"nitrogen and temperature affinity\",\"plant invasion\",\"range shifts\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Towards an Improved Conceptualization of Riparian Zones in Boreal Forest Headwaters\",\"volume\":\"21\",\"issn\":\"1435-0629\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-017-0149-5\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10021-017-0149-5\",\"abstract\":\"The boreal ecoregion supports about one-third of the world’s forest. Over 90% of boreal forest streams are found in headwaters, where terrestrial–aquatic interfaces are dominated by organic matter (OM)-rich riparian zones (RZs). Because these transition zones are key features controlling catchment biogeochemistry, appropriate RZ conceptualizations are needed to sustainably manage surface water quality in the face of a changing climate and increased demands for forest biomass. Here we present a simple, yet comprehensive, conceptualization of RZ function based on hydrological connectivity, biogeochemical processes, and spatial heterogeneity. We consider four dimensions of hydrological connectivity: (1) laterally along hillslopes, (2) longitudinally along the stream, (3) vertically down the riparian profile, and (4) temporally through event-based and seasonal changes in hydrology. Of particular importance is the vertical dimension, characterized by a ‘Dominant Source Layer’ that has the highest contribution to solute and water fluxes to streams. In addition to serving as the primary source of OM to boreal streams, RZs shape water chemistry through two sets of OM-dependent biogeochemical processes: (1) transport and retention of OM-associated material and (2) redox-mediated transformations controlled by RZ water residence time and availability of labile OM. These processes can lead to both retention and release of pollutants. Variations in width, hydrological connectivity, and OM storage drive spatial heterogeneity in RZ biogeochemical function. This conceptualization provides a useful theoretical framework for environmental scientists and ecologically sustainable and economically effective forest management in the boreal region and elsewhere, where forest headwaters are dominated by low-gradient, OM-rich RZs.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"2\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Ecosystems\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ledesma\"],\"firstnames\":[\"José\",\"L.\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Futter\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Martyn\",\"N.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Blackburn\"],\"firstnames\":[\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lidman\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Fredrik\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Grabs\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Thomas\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sponseller\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ryan\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Laudon\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Hjalmar\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bishop\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Kevin\",\"H.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Köhler\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Stephan\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"March\",\"year\":\"2018\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, catchment biogeochemistry, catchment heterogeneity, forest management, hydrological connectivity, redox, riparian buffer, soil organic matter, terrestrial–aquatic interface, water quality\",\"pages\":\"297–315\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{ledesma_towards_2018,\\n\\ttitle = {Towards an {Improved} {Conceptualization} of {Riparian} {Zones} in {Boreal} {Forest} {Headwaters}},\\n\\tvolume = {21},\\n\\tissn = {1435-0629},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-017-0149-5},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s10021-017-0149-5},\\n\\tabstract = {The boreal ecoregion supports about one-third of the world’s forest. Over 90\\\\% of boreal forest streams are found in headwaters, where terrestrial–aquatic interfaces are dominated by organic matter (OM)-rich riparian zones (RZs). Because these transition zones are key features controlling catchment biogeochemistry, appropriate RZ conceptualizations are needed to sustainably manage surface water quality in the face of a changing climate and increased demands for forest biomass. Here we present a simple, yet comprehensive, conceptualization of RZ function based on hydrological connectivity, biogeochemical processes, and spatial heterogeneity. We consider four dimensions of hydrological connectivity: (1) laterally along hillslopes, (2) longitudinally along the stream, (3) vertically down the riparian profile, and (4) temporally through event-based and seasonal changes in hydrology. Of particular importance is the vertical dimension, characterized by a ‘Dominant Source Layer’ that has the highest contribution to solute and water fluxes to streams. In addition to serving as the primary source of OM to boreal streams, RZs shape water chemistry through two sets of OM-dependent biogeochemical processes: (1) transport and retention of OM-associated material and (2) redox-mediated transformations controlled by RZ water residence time and availability of labile OM. These processes can lead to both retention and release of pollutants. Variations in width, hydrological connectivity, and OM storage drive spatial heterogeneity in RZ biogeochemical function. This conceptualization provides a useful theoretical framework for environmental scientists and ecologically sustainable and economically effective forest management in the boreal region and elsewhere, where forest headwaters are dominated by low-gradient, OM-rich RZs.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {2},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Ecosystems},\\n\\tauthor = {Ledesma, José L. J. and Futter, Martyn N. and Blackburn, M. and Lidman, Fredrik and Grabs, Thomas and Sponseller, Ryan A. and Laudon, Hjalmar and Bishop, Kevin H. and Köhler, Stephan J.},\\n\\tmonth = mar,\\n\\tyear = {2018},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, catchment biogeochemistry, catchment heterogeneity, forest management, hydrological connectivity, redox, riparian buffer, soil organic matter, terrestrial–aquatic interface, water quality},\\n\\tpages = {297--315},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Ledesma, J. L. J.\",\"Futter, M. N.\",\"Blackburn, M.\",\"Lidman, F.\",\"Grabs, T.\",\"Sponseller, R. A.\",\"Laudon, H.\",\"Bishop, K. H.\",\"Köhler, S. J.\"],\"key\":\"ledesma_towards_2018\",\"id\":\"ledesma_towards_2018\",\"bibbaseid\":\"ledesma-futter-blackburn-lidman-grabs-sponseller-laudon-bishop-etal-towardsanimprovedconceptualizationofriparianzonesinborealforestheadwaters-2018\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-017-0149-5\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"catchment biogeochemistry\",\"catchment heterogeneity\",\"forest management\",\"hydrological connectivity\",\"redox\",\"riparian buffer\",\"soil organic matter\",\"terrestrial–aquatic interface\",\"water quality\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"downloads\":0,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"How landscape organization and scale shape catchment hydrology and biogeochemistry: insights from a long-term catchment study\",\"volume\":\"5\",\"copyright\":\"© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.\",\"issn\":\"2049-1948\",\"shorttitle\":\"How landscape organization and scale shape catchment hydrology and biogeochemistry\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/wat2.1265\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/wat2.1265\",\"abstract\":\"Catchment science plays a critical role in the protection of water resources in the face of ongoing changes in climate, long-range transport of air pollutants, and land use. Addressing these challenges, however, requires improved understanding of how, when, and where changes in water quantity and quality occur within river networks. To reach these goals, we must recognize how different catchment features are organized to regulate surface chemistry at multiple scales, from processes controlling headwaters, to the downstream mixing of water from multiple landscape sources and deep aquifers. Here we synthesize 30-years of hydrological and biogeochemical research from the Krycklan catchment study (KCS) in northern Sweden to demonstrate the benefits of coupling long-term monitoring with multi-scale research to advance our understanding of catchment functioning across space and time. We show that the regulation of hydrological and biogeochemical patterns in the KCS can be decomposed into four, hierarchically structured landscape features that include: (1) transmissivity and reactivity of dominant source layers within riparian soils, (2) spatial arrangement of groundwater input zones that govern water and solute fluxes at reach- to segment-scales, (3) landscape scale heterogeneity (forests, mires, and lakes) that generates unique biogeochemical signals downstream, and (4) broad-scale mixing of surface streams with deep groundwater contributions. While this set of features are perhaps specific to the study region, analogous hierarchical controls are likely to be widespread. Resolving these scale dependent processes is important for predicting how, when, and where different environmental changes may influence patterns of surface water chemistry within river networks. WIREs Water 2018, 5:e1265. doi: 10.1002/wat2.1265 This article is categorized under: Science of Water \\\\textgreater Hydrological Processes Science of Water \\\\textgreater Water and Environmental Change Science of Water \\\\textgreater Methods\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"2\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"WIREs Water\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Laudon\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Hjalmar\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sponseller\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ryan\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2018\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/wat2.1265\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource\",\"pages\":\"e1265\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{laudon_how_2018,\\n\\ttitle = {How landscape organization and scale shape catchment hydrology and biogeochemistry: insights from a long-term catchment study},\\n\\tvolume = {5},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.},\\n\\tissn = {2049-1948},\\n\\tshorttitle = {How landscape organization and scale shape catchment hydrology and biogeochemistry},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/wat2.1265},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1002/wat2.1265},\\n\\tabstract = {Catchment science plays a critical role in the protection of water resources in the face of ongoing changes in climate, long-range transport of air pollutants, and land use. Addressing these challenges, however, requires improved understanding of how, when, and where changes in water quantity and quality occur within river networks. To reach these goals, we must recognize how different catchment features are organized to regulate surface chemistry at multiple scales, from processes controlling headwaters, to the downstream mixing of water from multiple landscape sources and deep aquifers. Here we synthesize 30-years of hydrological and biogeochemical research from the Krycklan catchment study (KCS) in northern Sweden to demonstrate the benefits of coupling long-term monitoring with multi-scale research to advance our understanding of catchment functioning across space and time. We show that the regulation of hydrological and biogeochemical patterns in the KCS can be decomposed into four, hierarchically structured landscape features that include: (1) transmissivity and reactivity of dominant source layers within riparian soils, (2) spatial arrangement of groundwater input zones that govern water and solute fluxes at reach- to segment-scales, (3) landscape scale heterogeneity (forests, mires, and lakes) that generates unique biogeochemical signals downstream, and (4) broad-scale mixing of surface streams with deep groundwater contributions. While this set of features are perhaps specific to the study region, analogous hierarchical controls are likely to be widespread. Resolving these scale dependent processes is important for predicting how, when, and where different environmental changes may influence patterns of surface water chemistry within river networks. WIREs Water 2018, 5:e1265. doi: 10.1002/wat2.1265 This article is categorized under: Science of Water {\\\\textgreater} Hydrological Processes Science of Water {\\\\textgreater} Water and Environmental Change Science of Water {\\\\textgreater} Methods},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {2},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {WIREs Water},\\n\\tauthor = {Laudon, Hjalmar and Sponseller, Ryan A.},\\n\\tyear = {2018},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/wat2.1265},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource},\\n\\tpages = {e1265},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Laudon, H.\",\"Sponseller, R. A.\"],\"key\":\"laudon_how_2018\",\"id\":\"laudon_how_2018\",\"bibbaseid\":\"laudon-sponseller-howlandscapeorganizationandscaleshapecatchmenthydrologyandbiogeochemistryinsightsfromalongtermcatchmentstudy-2018\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/wat2.1265\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"From legacy effects of acid deposition in boreal streams to future environmental threats\",\"volume\":\"16\",\"issn\":\"1748-9326\",\"url\":\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abd064\",\"doi\":\"10.1088/1748-9326/abd064\",\"abstract\":\"Few environmental issues have resulted in such a heated policy-science controversy in Sweden as the 1990s acidification debate in the north of the country. The belief that exceptionally high stream acidity levels during hydrological events was caused by anthropogenic deposition resulted in a governmentally funded, multi-million dollar surface-water liming program. This program was heavily criticized by a large part of the scientific community arguing that the acidity of northern streams was primarily caused by naturally occurring organic acids. Here, we revisit the acid deposition legacy in northern Sweden two decades after the culmination of the controversy by examining the long-term water chemistry trends in the Svartberget/Krycklan research catchment that became a nexus for the Swedish debate. In this reference stream, trends in acidic episodes do show a modest recovery that matches declines in acid deposition to pre-industrial levels, although stream acidity continues to be overwhelmingly driven by organic acidity. Yet there are legacies of acid deposition related to calcium losses from soils, which are more pronounced than anticipated. Finally, assessment of these trends are becoming increasingly complicated by new changes and threats to water resources that must be recognized to avoid unnecessary, expensive, and potentially counterproductive measures to adapt and mitigate human influences. Here we make the argument that while the acidification era is ending, climate change, land-use transitions, and long-range transport of other contaminants warrant close monitoring in the decades to come.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"1\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Environmental Research Letters\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Laudon\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Hjalmar\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sponseller\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ryan\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bishop\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Kevin\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"January\",\"year\":\"2021\",\"note\":\"Publisher: IOP Publishing\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource\",\"pages\":\"015007\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{laudon_legacy_2021,\\n\\ttitle = {From legacy effects of acid deposition in boreal streams to future environmental threats},\\n\\tvolume = {16},\\n\\tissn = {1748-9326},\\n\\turl = {https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abd064},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1088/1748-9326/abd064},\\n\\tabstract = {Few environmental issues have resulted in such a heated policy-science controversy in Sweden as the 1990s acidification debate in the north of the country. The belief that exceptionally high stream acidity levels during hydrological events was caused by anthropogenic deposition resulted in a governmentally funded, multi-million dollar surface-water liming program. This program was heavily criticized by a large part of the scientific community arguing that the acidity of northern streams was primarily caused by naturally occurring organic acids. Here, we revisit the acid deposition legacy in northern Sweden two decades after the culmination of the controversy by examining the long-term water chemistry trends in the Svartberget/Krycklan research catchment that became a nexus for the Swedish debate. In this reference stream, trends in acidic episodes do show a modest recovery that matches declines in acid deposition to pre-industrial levels, although stream acidity continues to be overwhelmingly driven by organic acidity. Yet there are legacies of acid deposition related to calcium losses from soils, which are more pronounced than anticipated. Finally, assessment of these trends are becoming increasingly complicated by new changes and threats to water resources that must be recognized to avoid unnecessary, expensive, and potentially counterproductive measures to adapt and mitigate human influences. Here we make the argument that while the acidification era is ending, climate change, land-use transitions, and long-range transport of other contaminants warrant close monitoring in the decades to come.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {1},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Environmental Research Letters},\\n\\tauthor = {Laudon, Hjalmar and Sponseller, Ryan A. and Bishop, Kevin},\\n\\tmonth = jan,\\n\\tyear = {2021},\\n\\tnote = {Publisher: IOP Publishing},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource},\\n\\tpages = {015007},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Laudon, H.\",\"Sponseller, R. A.\",\"Bishop, K.\"],\"key\":\"laudon_legacy_2021\",\"id\":\"laudon_legacy_2021\",\"bibbaseid\":\"laudon-sponseller-bishop-fromlegacyeffectsofaciddepositioninborealstreamstofutureenvironmentalthreats-2021\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abd064\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Lake responses to long-term disturbances and management practices\",\"volume\":\"62\",\"copyright\":\"© 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd\",\"issn\":\"1365-2427\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/fwb.12902\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/fwb.12902\",\"abstract\":\"Long-term human-induced disturbances such as acidification and algal invasions, and management practices such as liming, are known to alter community structure and biodiversity of north temperate lakes. We assessed if they impacted on the trophic ecology and production of apex consumers (i.e. fish) and the overall food-chain length (FCL) of boreal lake ecosystems, and if these functional responses were consistent with the biodiversity changes. We hypothesise that fish production and FCL decrease with decreasing species biodiversity of lake communities, and that long-term environmental perturbations will alter the relative reliance of fish on littoral versus pelagic trophic pathways and their ontogenetic changes in trophic position (TP). We analysed long-term data and stable isotopes of multiple organismal groups – phytoplankton, zooplankton, littoral and sub-littoral/profundal macroinvertebrates, and fish – collected from small boreal lakes that have been subjected to acidification, lime application and/or algal invasion by Gonyostomum semen. Species biodiversity, FCL and fish production (i.e. growth and catch-per-unit-effort) were compared among three lake categories, i.e. acidic, limed and circumneutral (reference) lakes, within each three lakes were selected. Fish TP and their relative littoral versus pelagic reliance were estimated based on stable nitrogen and carbon isotopes respectively. Gonyostomum contributed to 77–98% phytoplankton biovolume in acidic lakes, \\\\textless1–79% in limed lakes and 0–30% in circumneutral lakes. Its prevalence was correlated with total organic carbon concentration but not with lake pH, alkalinity or any other environmental variable. Diversity and evenness of phytoplankton, macroinvertebrates and fish generally decreased with increasing Gonyostomum biovolume, such that biodiversity was higher in circumneutral and limed lakes than in acidic lakes. Isotopic data revealed that FCL was shortest in limed lakes (3.94 ± 0.08; least-squares mean ± SE), intermediate in acidic lakes (4.19 ± 0.07) and longest in circumneutral lakes (4.38 ± 0.08). Limed lakes also had the lowest fish growth and CPUE. Overall littoral reliance of fish was higher in acidic lakes (0.53 ± 0.03) than in limed lakes (0.42 ± 0.02) and circumneutral lakes (0.30 ± 0.02), suggesting that fish production and FCL there could have been sustained by the increased littoral reliance when pelagic trophic pathways were hindered by Gonyostomum invasion. European perch (Perca fluviatilis), the most common fish in the lakes, showed faster TP increases in acidic and limed lakes, likely due to their earlier ontogenetic shift from zooplanktivory to zoobenthivory and/or piscivory. Overall, our findings indicate that long-term disturbances (i.e. acidification and algal invasions) and management practices (i.e. liming) can (i) induce contrasting responses in biodiversity, FCL and fish production of boreal lakes; (ii) be the primary driver of FCL variation among small and similar-size ecosystems; and (iii) alter the trophic ecology (i.e. TP change during ontogeny and littoral reliance) of key fish species. The trophic ecology and production of apex consumers and FCL together can provide useful integrated proxies for ecosystem functioning, which can supplement traditional biodiversity measurements for more robust environmental assessments.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"4\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Freshwater Biology\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lau\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Danny\",\"C.\",\"P.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Vrede\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Tobias\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Goedkoop\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Willem\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2017\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/fwb.12902\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Acidification, Liming, acidification, biodieversity, fish, food webs, invasions, liming, stable isotopes\",\"pages\":\"792–806\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{lau_lake_2017,\\n\\ttitle = {Lake responses to long-term disturbances and management practices},\\n\\tvolume = {62},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2017 John Wiley \\\\& Sons Ltd},\\n\\tissn = {1365-2427},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/fwb.12902},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/fwb.12902},\\n\\tabstract = {Long-term human-induced disturbances such as acidification and algal invasions, and management practices such as liming, are known to alter community structure and biodiversity of north temperate lakes. We assessed if they impacted on the trophic ecology and production of apex consumers (i.e. fish) and the overall food-chain length (FCL) of boreal lake ecosystems, and if these functional responses were consistent with the biodiversity changes. We hypothesise that fish production and FCL decrease with decreasing species biodiversity of lake communities, and that long-term environmental perturbations will alter the relative reliance of fish on littoral versus pelagic trophic pathways and their ontogenetic changes in trophic position (TP). We analysed long-term data and stable isotopes of multiple organismal groups – phytoplankton, zooplankton, littoral and sub-littoral/profundal macroinvertebrates, and fish – collected from small boreal lakes that have been subjected to acidification, lime application and/or algal invasion by Gonyostomum semen. Species biodiversity, FCL and fish production (i.e. growth and catch-per-unit-effort) were compared among three lake categories, i.e. acidic, limed and circumneutral (reference) lakes, within each three lakes were selected. Fish TP and their relative littoral versus pelagic reliance were estimated based on stable nitrogen and carbon isotopes respectively. Gonyostomum contributed to 77–98\\\\% phytoplankton biovolume in acidic lakes, {\\\\textless}1–79\\\\% in limed lakes and 0–30\\\\% in circumneutral lakes. Its prevalence was correlated with total organic carbon concentration but not with lake pH, alkalinity or any other environmental variable. Diversity and evenness of phytoplankton, macroinvertebrates and fish generally decreased with increasing Gonyostomum biovolume, such that biodiversity was higher in circumneutral and limed lakes than in acidic lakes. Isotopic data revealed that FCL was shortest in limed lakes (3.94 ± 0.08; least-squares mean ± SE), intermediate in acidic lakes (4.19 ± 0.07) and longest in circumneutral lakes (4.38 ± 0.08). Limed lakes also had the lowest fish growth and CPUE. Overall littoral reliance of fish was higher in acidic lakes (0.53 ± 0.03) than in limed lakes (0.42 ± 0.02) and circumneutral lakes (0.30 ± 0.02), suggesting that fish production and FCL there could have been sustained by the increased littoral reliance when pelagic trophic pathways were hindered by Gonyostomum invasion. European perch (Perca fluviatilis), the most common fish in the lakes, showed faster TP increases in acidic and limed lakes, likely due to their earlier ontogenetic shift from zooplanktivory to zoobenthivory and/or piscivory. Overall, our findings indicate that long-term disturbances (i.e. acidification and algal invasions) and management practices (i.e. liming) can (i) induce contrasting responses in biodiversity, FCL and fish production of boreal lakes; (ii) be the primary driver of FCL variation among small and similar-size ecosystems; and (iii) alter the trophic ecology (i.e. TP change during ontogeny and littoral reliance) of key fish species. The trophic ecology and production of apex consumers and FCL together can provide useful integrated proxies for ecosystem functioning, which can supplement traditional biodiversity measurements for more robust environmental assessments.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {4},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Freshwater Biology},\\n\\tauthor = {Lau, Danny C. P. and Vrede, Tobias and Goedkoop, Willem},\\n\\tyear = {2017},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/fwb.12902},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Acidification, Liming, acidification, biodieversity, fish, food webs, invasions, liming, stable isotopes},\\n\\tpages = {792--806},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Lau, D. C. P.\",\"Vrede, T.\",\"Goedkoop, W.\"],\"key\":\"lau_lake_2017\",\"id\":\"lau_lake_2017\",\"bibbaseid\":\"lau-vrede-goedkoop-lakeresponsestolongtermdisturbancesandmanagementpractices-2017\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/fwb.12902\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Acidification\",\"Liming\",\"acidification\",\"biodieversity\",\"fish\",\"food webs\",\"invasions\",\"liming\",\"stable isotopes\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Tips for the next phase of winter climate-change study in plant–soil systems\",\"volume\":\"29\",\"issn\":\"1440-1703\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11284-014-1171-0\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s11284-014-1171-0\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"4\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Ecological Research\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Makoto\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Kobayashi\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"July\",\"year\":\"2014\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Behavioural Sciences, Forestry, Plant Sciences, Zoology, ecology, evolutionary biology\",\"pages\":\"511–515\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{makoto_tips_2014,\\n\\ttitle = {Tips for the next phase of winter climate-change study in plant–soil systems},\\n\\tvolume = {29},\\n\\tissn = {1440-1703},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11284-014-1171-0},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s11284-014-1171-0},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {4},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Ecological Research},\\n\\tauthor = {Makoto, Kobayashi},\\n\\tmonth = jul,\\n\\tyear = {2014},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Behavioural Sciences, Forestry, Plant Sciences, Zoology, ecology, evolutionary biology},\\n\\tpages = {511--515},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Makoto, K.\"],\"key\":\"makoto_tips_2014\",\"id\":\"makoto_tips_2014\",\"bibbaseid\":\"makoto-tipsforthenextphaseofwinterclimatechangestudyinplantsoilsystems-2014\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11284-014-1171-0\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Behavioural Sciences\",\"Forestry\",\"Plant Sciences\",\"Zoology\",\"ecology\",\"evolutionary biology\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Consequences of lake and river ice loss on cultural ecosystem services\",\"volume\":\"4\",\"copyright\":\"© 2019 The Authors. Limnology and Oceanography published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography.\",\"issn\":\"2378-2242\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lol2.10116\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/lol2.10116\",\"abstract\":\"People extensively use lakes and rivers covered by seasonal ice. Although ice cover duration has been declining over the past 150 years for Northern Hemisphere freshwaters, we know relatively little about how ice loss directly affects humans. Here, we synthesize the cultural ecosystem services (i.e., services that provide intangible or nonmaterial benefits) and associated benefits supported by inland ice. We also provide, for the first time, empirical examples that give quantitative evidence for a winter warming effect on a wide range of ice-related cultural ecosystem services and benefits. We show that in recent decades, warmer air temperatures delayed the opening date of winter ice roads and led to cancellations of spiritual ceremonies, outdoor ice skating races, and ice fishing tournaments. Additionally, our synthesis effort suggests unexploited data sets that allow for the use of integrative approaches to evaluate the interplay between inland ice loss and society.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"5\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Limnology and Oceanography Letters\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Knoll\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Lesley\",\"B.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sharma\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sapna\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Denfeld\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Blaize\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Flaim\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Giovanna\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hori\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Yukari\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Magnuson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"John\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Straile\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Dietmar\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Weyhenmeyer\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Gesa\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2019\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lol2.10116\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource\",\"pages\":\"119–131\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{knoll_consequences_2019,\\n\\ttitle = {Consequences of lake and river ice loss on cultural ecosystem services},\\n\\tvolume = {4},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2019 The Authors. Limnology and Oceanography published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography.},\\n\\tissn = {2378-2242},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lol2.10116},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1002/lol2.10116},\\n\\tabstract = {People extensively use lakes and rivers covered by seasonal ice. Although ice cover duration has been declining over the past 150 years for Northern Hemisphere freshwaters, we know relatively little about how ice loss directly affects humans. Here, we synthesize the cultural ecosystem services (i.e., services that provide intangible or nonmaterial benefits) and associated benefits supported by inland ice. We also provide, for the first time, empirical examples that give quantitative evidence for a winter warming effect on a wide range of ice-related cultural ecosystem services and benefits. We show that in recent decades, warmer air temperatures delayed the opening date of winter ice roads and led to cancellations of spiritual ceremonies, outdoor ice skating races, and ice fishing tournaments. Additionally, our synthesis effort suggests unexploited data sets that allow for the use of integrative approaches to evaluate the interplay between inland ice loss and society.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {5},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Limnology and Oceanography Letters},\\n\\tauthor = {Knoll, Lesley B. and Sharma, Sapna and Denfeld, Blaize A. and Flaim, Giovanna and Hori, Yukari and Magnuson, John J. and Straile, Dietmar and Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A.},\\n\\tyear = {2019},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lol2.10116},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource},\\n\\tpages = {119--131},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Knoll, L. B.\",\"Sharma, S.\",\"Denfeld, B. A.\",\"Flaim, G.\",\"Hori, Y.\",\"Magnuson, J. J.\",\"Straile, D.\",\"Weyhenmeyer, G. A.\"],\"key\":\"knoll_consequences_2019\",\"id\":\"knoll_consequences_2019\",\"bibbaseid\":\"knoll-sharma-denfeld-flaim-hori-magnuson-straile-weyhenmeyer-consequencesoflakeandrivericelossonculturalecosystemservices-2019\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lol2.10116\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Landscape of ice and fire – uniquely well-preserved Scots pine trunks reveal forest fires near the retreating Weichselian ice margin\",\"volume\":\"1\",\"issn\":\"1617-6278\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-023-00974-6\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s00334-023-00974-6\",\"abstract\":\"Environmental conditions for trees that established in central Fennoscandia shortly after the final retreat of the Weichselian ice sheet remain poorly understood. In this study we examine tree rings of five well-preserved Pinus sylvestris (Scots pines) that grew in the area in front of the retreating ice sheet in northern Sweden. They became buried in flood sediments deposited by a glacial outburst flood (jökulhlaup) about 9.5–9.9 kyr cal bp and the aim of our study was to search for information regarding damage from fires and bioclimatic conditions in their ancient tree ring records. Our analysis, providing a glimpse into the local early Holocene environment in north-central Sweden, suggests that: 1, there were repeated fires (four fire events detected) during the early Holocene; and 2, bioclimatic conditions when the ancient pines were growing resembled those of modern sub-alpine pine woods. The latter is indicated by their patterns of tree ring growth (growth rate and variation), which were statistically similar to those of pines growing in sub-alpine woods with an open canopy, but different from pines in protected and managed boreal forests. Lower δ13C for the ancient latewood in comparison to pine wood from trees growing near the Scandinavian mountains before the 1850s were probably caused both by stomata fractionation due to lower atmospheric CO2 during the early Holocene and by the moist local environment created by the nearby ancient Ancylus lake, which preceded the Baltic Sea. Periods with cloudy and cold summers were also indicated by the occurrence of ‘false rings’. Finds of charred fragments of Calluna vulgaris (heather, ling), an understory shrub that can burn even with a relatively high moisture content, suggest that heath vegetation was crucial to make fire a reoccurring ecological factor in the area during the early Holocene.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Vegetation History and Archaeobotany\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Klaminder\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jonatan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Fassl\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Magdalena\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Baudet\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Marlène\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Östlund\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Lars\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Linderholm\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Johan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Zale\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Rolf\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"December\",\"year\":\"2023\",\"keywords\":\"Climate, Early Holocene, Forest fires, Forest history, Lycksele, Pinus sylvestris\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{klaminder_landscape_2023,\\n\\ttitle = {Landscape of ice and fire – uniquely well-preserved {Scots} pine trunks reveal forest fires near the retreating {Weichselian} ice margin},\\n\\tvolume = {1},\\n\\tissn = {1617-6278},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-023-00974-6},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s00334-023-00974-6},\\n\\tabstract = {Environmental conditions for trees that established in central Fennoscandia shortly after the final retreat of the Weichselian ice sheet remain poorly understood. In this study we examine tree rings of five well-preserved Pinus sylvestris (Scots pines) that grew in the area in front of the retreating ice sheet in northern Sweden. They became buried in flood sediments deposited by a glacial outburst flood (jökulhlaup) about 9.5–9.9 kyr cal bp and the aim of our study was to search for information regarding damage from fires and bioclimatic conditions in their ancient tree ring records. Our analysis, providing a glimpse into the local early Holocene environment in north-central Sweden, suggests that: 1, there were repeated fires (four fire events detected) during the early Holocene; and 2, bioclimatic conditions when the ancient pines were growing resembled those of modern sub-alpine pine woods. The latter is indicated by their patterns of tree ring growth (growth rate and variation), which were statistically similar to those of pines growing in sub-alpine woods with an open canopy, but different from pines in protected and managed boreal forests. Lower δ13C for the ancient latewood in comparison to pine wood from trees growing near the Scandinavian mountains before the 1850s were probably caused both by stomata fractionation due to lower atmospheric CO2 during the early Holocene and by the moist local environment created by the nearby ancient Ancylus lake, which preceded the Baltic Sea. Periods with cloudy and cold summers were also indicated by the occurrence of ‘false rings’. Finds of charred fragments of Calluna vulgaris (heather, ling), an understory shrub that can burn even with a relatively high moisture content, suggest that heath vegetation was crucial to make fire a reoccurring ecological factor in the area during the early Holocene.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Vegetation History and Archaeobotany},\\n\\tauthor = {Klaminder, Jonatan and Fassl, Magdalena and Baudet, Marlène and Östlund, Lars and Linderholm, Johan and Zale, Rolf},\\n\\tmonth = dec,\\n\\tyear = {2023},\\n\\tkeywords = {Climate, Early Holocene, Forest fires, Forest history, Lycksele, Pinus sylvestris},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Klaminder, J.\",\"Fassl, M.\",\"Baudet, M.\",\"Östlund, L.\",\"Linderholm, J.\",\"Zale, R.\"],\"key\":\"klaminder_landscape_2023\",\"id\":\"klaminder_landscape_2023\",\"bibbaseid\":\"klaminder-fassl-baudet-stlund-linderholm-zale-landscapeoficeandfireuniquelywellpreservedscotspinetrunksrevealforestfiresneartheretreatingweichselianicemargin-2023\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-023-00974-6\"},\"keyword\":[\"Climate\",\"Early Holocene\",\"Forest fires\",\"Forest history\",\"Lycksele\",\"Pinus sylvestris\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Catchment properties predict autochthony in stream filter feeders\",\"volume\":\"815\",\"issn\":\"1573-5117\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-018-3553-8\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10750-018-3553-8\",\"abstract\":\"Stream ecological theory predicts that the use of allochthonous resources declines with increasing channel width, while at the same time primary production and autochthonous carbon use by consumers increase. Although these expectations have found support in several studies, it is not well known how terrestrial runoff and/or inputs of primary production from lakes alter these longitudinal patterns. To investigate this, we analyzed the diet of filter-feeding black fly and caddisfly larvae from 23 boreal streams, encompassing gradients in drainage area, land cover and land use, and distance to nearest upstream lake outlet. In five of these streams, we also sampled repeatedly during autumn to test if allochthony of filter feeders increases over time as new litter inputs are processed. Across sites, filter-feeder autochthony was 21.1–75.1%, did not differ between black fly and caddisfly larvae, was not positively related to drainage area, and did not decrease with distance from lakes. Instead, lake and wetland cover promoted filter-feeder autochthony independently of stream size, whereas catchment-scale forest cover and forestry reduced autochthony. Further, we found no seasonal increase in allochthony, indicating low assimilation of particles derived from autumn litter fall. Hence, catchment properties, rather than local conditions, can influence levels of autochthony in boreal streams.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"1\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Hydrobiologia\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jonsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Micael\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Polvi\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Lina\",\"E.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sponseller\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ryan\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Stenroth\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Karolina\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"June\",\"year\":\"2018\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Allochthony, Aquatic insects, Autochthony, Land cover, Land use, Stream\",\"pages\":\"83–95\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{jonsson_catchment_2018,\\n\\ttitle = {Catchment properties predict autochthony in stream filter feeders},\\n\\tvolume = {815},\\n\\tissn = {1573-5117},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-018-3553-8},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s10750-018-3553-8},\\n\\tabstract = {Stream ecological theory predicts that the use of allochthonous resources declines with increasing channel width, while at the same time primary production and autochthonous carbon use by consumers increase. Although these expectations have found support in several studies, it is not well known how terrestrial runoff and/or inputs of primary production from lakes alter these longitudinal patterns. To investigate this, we analyzed the diet of filter-feeding black fly and caddisfly larvae from 23 boreal streams, encompassing gradients in drainage area, land cover and land use, and distance to nearest upstream lake outlet. In five of these streams, we also sampled repeatedly during autumn to test if allochthony of filter feeders increases over time as new litter inputs are processed. Across sites, filter-feeder autochthony was 21.1–75.1\\\\%, did not differ between black fly and caddisfly larvae, was not positively related to drainage area, and did not decrease with distance from lakes. Instead, lake and wetland cover promoted filter-feeder autochthony independently of stream size, whereas catchment-scale forest cover and forestry reduced autochthony. Further, we found no seasonal increase in allochthony, indicating low assimilation of particles derived from autumn litter fall. Hence, catchment properties, rather than local conditions, can influence levels of autochthony in boreal streams.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {1},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Hydrobiologia},\\n\\tauthor = {Jonsson, Micael and Polvi, Lina E. and Sponseller, Ryan A. and Stenroth, Karolina},\\n\\tmonth = jun,\\n\\tyear = {2018},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Allochthony, Aquatic insects, Autochthony, Land cover, Land use, Stream},\\n\\tpages = {83--95},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Jonsson, M.\",\"Polvi, L. E.\",\"Sponseller, R. A.\",\"Stenroth, K.\"],\"key\":\"jonsson_catchment_2018\",\"id\":\"jonsson_catchment_2018\",\"bibbaseid\":\"jonsson-polvi-sponseller-stenroth-catchmentpropertiespredictautochthonyinstreamfilterfeeders-2018\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-018-3553-8\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Allochthony\",\"Aquatic insects\",\"Autochthony\",\"Land cover\",\"Land use\",\"Stream\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Utilising a Suite of Isotopic and Elemental Tracers to Constrain Cryoturbation Rates and Patterns in a Non-sorted Circle\",\"volume\":\"28\",\"copyright\":\"Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.\",\"issn\":\"1099-1530\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ppp.1944\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/ppp.1944\",\"abstract\":\"The empirical quantification of rates of material movement in cryoturbated soils has lagged behind the physical and chemical characterisation of these materials. We applied a novel suite of elemental (C, Hg), stable isotope (13C) and radioisotope (137Cs, 210Pb, 14C, 10Be) tracers in conjunction with analytical and numerical models to constrain the rates and patterns of soil movement due to cryoturbation in a non-sorted circle (NSC) near Abisko, Sweden. We present the first observations of the variability of 10Be across a patterned-ground feature, which facilitate the interpretation of subsurface peaks in soil organic carbon, Hg and 13C and provide constraints on the surficial histories of cryoturbated materials. Apparent rates of surficial lateral movement across the NSC estimated from 137Cs and 210Pb (0–2.55 cm year−1) decreased with distance from its centre and were an order of magnitude greater than rates of subduction and subsurface movement estimated from 14C (0.04–0.27 cm year−1). Novel estimates of the original surficial residence times of cryoturbated parcels based on excess 10Be and Hg inventories ranged from 238 to 3940 years. Our results demonstrate the utility of the spatially explicit application of elemental and radioisotopic tracer suites to constrain cryoturbation rates in Arctic patterned ground. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"4\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Permafrost and Periglacial Processes\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jelinski\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Nicolas\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Yoo\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Kyungsoo\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Klaminder\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jonatan\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2017\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ppp.1944\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, 10Be, 137Cs, 14C, 210Pb, Cryoturbation, cryoturbation, non-sorted circle\",\"pages\":\"634–648\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{jelinski_utilising_2017,\\n\\ttitle = {Utilising a {Suite} of {Isotopic} and {Elemental} {Tracers} to {Constrain} {Cryoturbation} {Rates} and {Patterns} in a {Non}-sorted {Circle}},\\n\\tvolume = {28},\\n\\tcopyright = {Copyright © 2017 John Wiley \\\\& Sons, Ltd.},\\n\\tissn = {1099-1530},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ppp.1944},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1002/ppp.1944},\\n\\tabstract = {The empirical quantification of rates of material movement in cryoturbated soils has lagged behind the physical and chemical characterisation of these materials. We applied a novel suite of elemental (C, Hg), stable isotope (13C) and radioisotope (137Cs, 210Pb, 14C, 10Be) tracers in conjunction with analytical and numerical models to constrain the rates and patterns of soil movement due to cryoturbation in a non-sorted circle (NSC) near Abisko, Sweden. We present the first observations of the variability of 10Be across a patterned-ground feature, which facilitate the interpretation of subsurface peaks in soil organic carbon, Hg and 13C and provide constraints on the surficial histories of cryoturbated materials. Apparent rates of surficial lateral movement across the NSC estimated from 137Cs and 210Pb (0–2.55 cm year−1) decreased with distance from its centre and were an order of magnitude greater than rates of subduction and subsurface movement estimated from 14C (0.04–0.27 cm year−1). Novel estimates of the original surficial residence times of cryoturbated parcels based on excess 10Be and Hg inventories ranged from 238 to 3940 years. Our results demonstrate the utility of the spatially explicit application of elemental and radioisotopic tracer suites to constrain cryoturbation rates in Arctic patterned ground. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley \\\\& Sons, Ltd.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {4},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Permafrost and Periglacial Processes},\\n\\tauthor = {Jelinski, Nicolas A. and Yoo, Kyungsoo and Klaminder, Jonatan},\\n\\tyear = {2017},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ppp.1944},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, 10Be, 137Cs, 14C, 210Pb, Cryoturbation, cryoturbation, non-sorted circle},\\n\\tpages = {634--648},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Jelinski, N. A.\",\"Yoo, K.\",\"Klaminder, J.\"],\"key\":\"jelinski_utilising_2017\",\"id\":\"jelinski_utilising_2017\",\"bibbaseid\":\"jelinski-yoo-klaminder-utilisingasuiteofisotopicandelementaltracerstoconstraincryoturbationratesandpatternsinanonsortedcircle-2017\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ppp.1944\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"10Be\",\"137Cs\",\"14C\",\"210Pb\",\"Cryoturbation\",\"cryoturbation\",\"non-sorted circle\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"The Role of \\\"Natural\\\" Landscapes Influenced by Man in Predicting Responses to Climate Change\",\"volume\":\"47\",\"copyright\":\"Copyright © 1999 Oikos Editorial Office\",\"issn\":\"0346-6868\",\"url\":\"http://www.jstor.org/stable/20113238\",\"abstract\":\"Large and small scale changes of the world's ecosystems are continuously occurring as responses to global change. In the northern boreal ecosystems this process has caused both species appearance and disappearance throughout the Holocene. However, the main effects have been structural changes, including altered distribution limits of species and shifts in species dominance. This paper focuses on natural and anthropogenic structural changes in the forest-tundra ecotone, mainly from a vegetation point of view. Specific examples are given from the Abisko area in northern Sweden, which has a long history of human impact. Land use changes during last centuries have caused large structural changes within the birch and pine forests, within the forest-tundra ecotone, and in tundra areas. These changes have impacted patterns of animal occurrence, site frequentation by animals, foraging behaviour, and on how animals influence the vegetation. The dynamic nature of structural changes and delayed responses are discussed in relation to different episodic and chronic disturbances. Time spans needed to recreate a structure comparable to the structure prior to a disturbance can not be known and can not be compared between different periods in time, as every time period is unique. Nevertheless, such time spans have to be taken into account when discussing management issues and future responses of the ecosystems.\",\"urldate\":\"2015-10-04\",\"journal\":\"Ecological Bulletins\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hofgaard\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Annika\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"January\",\"year\":\"1999\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, ⛔ No DOI found\",\"pages\":\"160–167\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{hofgaard_role_1999,\\n\\ttitle = {The {Role} of \\\"{Natural}\\\" {Landscapes} {Influenced} by {Man} in {Predicting} {Responses} to {Climate} {Change}},\\n\\tvolume = {47},\\n\\tcopyright = {Copyright © 1999 Oikos Editorial Office},\\n\\tissn = {0346-6868},\\n\\turl = {http://www.jstor.org/stable/20113238},\\n\\tabstract = {Large and small scale changes of the world's ecosystems are continuously occurring as responses to global change. In the northern boreal ecosystems this process has caused both species appearance and disappearance throughout the Holocene. However, the main effects have been structural changes, including altered distribution limits of species and shifts in species dominance. This paper focuses on natural and anthropogenic structural changes in the forest-tundra ecotone, mainly from a vegetation point of view. Specific examples are given from the Abisko area in northern Sweden, which has a long history of human impact. Land use changes during last centuries have caused large structural changes within the birch and pine forests, within the forest-tundra ecotone, and in tundra areas. These changes have impacted patterns of animal occurrence, site frequentation by animals, foraging behaviour, and on how animals influence the vegetation. The dynamic nature of structural changes and delayed responses are discussed in relation to different episodic and chronic disturbances. Time spans needed to recreate a structure comparable to the structure prior to a disturbance can not be known and can not be compared between different periods in time, as every time period is unique. Nevertheless, such time spans have to be taken into account when discussing management issues and future responses of the ecosystems.},\\n\\turldate = {2015-10-04},\\n\\tjournal = {Ecological Bulletins},\\n\\tauthor = {Hofgaard, Annika},\\n\\tmonth = jan,\\n\\tyear = {1999},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, ⛔ No DOI found},\\n\\tpages = {160--167},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Hofgaard, A.\"],\"key\":\"hofgaard_role_1999\",\"id\":\"hofgaard_role_1999\",\"bibbaseid\":\"hofgaard-theroleofnaturallandscapesinfluencedbymaninpredictingresponsestoclimatechange-1999\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"http://www.jstor.org/stable/20113238\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"⛔ No DOI found\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Identifying and assessing the potential hydrological function of past artificial forest drainage\",\"volume\":\"47\",\"issn\":\"1654-7209\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-017-0984-9\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s13280-017-0984-9\",\"abstract\":\"Drainage of forested wetlands for increased timber production has profoundly altered the hydrology and water quality of their downstream waterways. Some ditches need network maintenance (DNM), but potential positive effects on tree productivity must be balanced against environmental impacts. Currently, no clear guidelines exist for DNM that strike this balance. Our study helps begin to prioritise DNM by: (1) quantifying ditches by soil type in the 68 km2 Krycklan Catchment Study in northern Sweden and (2) using upslope catchment area algorithms on new high-resolution digital elevation models to determine their likelihood to drain water. Ditches nearly doubled the size of the stream network (178–327 km) and 17% of ditches occurred on well-draining sedimentary soils, presumably making DNM unwarranted. Modelling results suggest that 25–50% of ditches may never support flow. With new laser scanning technology, simple mapping and modelling methods can locate ditches and model their function, facilitating efforts to balance DNM with environmental impacts.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"5\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Ambio\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hasselquist\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Eliza\",\"Maher\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lidberg\"],\"firstnames\":[\"William\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sponseller\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ryan\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ågren\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Anneli\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Laudon\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Hjalmar\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"September\",\"year\":\"2018\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, DEM, Flow accumulation model, Hydrology, LiDAR, Peatland, Terrain-based prediction\",\"pages\":\"546–556\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{hasselquist_identifying_2018,\\n\\ttitle = {Identifying and assessing the potential hydrological function of past artificial forest drainage},\\n\\tvolume = {47},\\n\\tissn = {1654-7209},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-017-0984-9},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s13280-017-0984-9},\\n\\tabstract = {Drainage of forested wetlands for increased timber production has profoundly altered the hydrology and water quality of their downstream waterways. Some ditches need network maintenance (DNM), but potential positive effects on tree productivity must be balanced against environmental impacts. Currently, no clear guidelines exist for DNM that strike this balance. Our study helps begin to prioritise DNM by: (1) quantifying ditches by soil type in the 68 km2 Krycklan Catchment Study in northern Sweden and (2) using upslope catchment area algorithms on new high-resolution digital elevation models to determine their likelihood to drain water. Ditches nearly doubled the size of the stream network (178–327 km) and 17\\\\% of ditches occurred on well-draining sedimentary soils, presumably making DNM unwarranted. Modelling results suggest that 25–50\\\\% of ditches may never support flow. With new laser scanning technology, simple mapping and modelling methods can locate ditches and model their function, facilitating efforts to balance DNM with environmental impacts.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {5},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Ambio},\\n\\tauthor = {Hasselquist, Eliza Maher and Lidberg, William and Sponseller, Ryan A. and Ågren, Anneli and Laudon, Hjalmar},\\n\\tmonth = sep,\\n\\tyear = {2018},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, DEM, Flow accumulation model, Hydrology, LiDAR, Peatland, Terrain-based prediction},\\n\\tpages = {546--556},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Hasselquist, E. M.\",\"Lidberg, W.\",\"Sponseller, R. A.\",\"Ågren, A.\",\"Laudon, H.\"],\"key\":\"hasselquist_identifying_2018\",\"id\":\"hasselquist_identifying_2018\",\"bibbaseid\":\"hasselquist-lidberg-sponseller-gren-laudon-identifyingandassessingthepotentialhydrologicalfunctionofpastartificialforestdrainage-2018\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-017-0984-9\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"DEM\",\"Flow accumulation model\",\"Hydrology\",\"LiDAR\",\"Peatland\",\"Terrain-based prediction\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Contributions of terrestrial organic carbon to northern lake sediments\",\"volume\":\"2\",\"copyright\":\"© 2017 The Author. Limnology and Oceanography Letters published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography\",\"issn\":\"2378-2242\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lol2.10051\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/lol2.10051\",\"abstract\":\"Sediments of northern lakes sequester large amounts of organic carbon (OC), but direct evidence of the relative importance of their sources is lacking. We used stable isotope ratios of nonexchangeable hydrogen (δ2Hn) in topsoil, algae, and surface sediments in order to measure the relative contribution of terrestrial OC in surface sediments of 14 mountainous arctic and lowland boreal lakes in Sweden. The terrestrial contribution to the sediment OC pool was on average 66% (range 46–80) and similar between arctic and boreal lakes. Proxies for the supply of terrestrial and algal OC explained trends in the relative contribution of terrestrial OC across lakes. However, the data suggest divergent predominant sources for terrestrial OC of sediments in Swedish lakes, with dissolved matter dominating in lowland boreal lakes and particulate OC in mountainous arctic lakes.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"6\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Limnology and Oceanography Letters\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Gudasz\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Cristian\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ruppenthal\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Marc\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kalbitz\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Karsten\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Cerli\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Chiara\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Fiedler\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sabine\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Oelmann\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Yvonne\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Andersson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"August\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Karlsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jan\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2017\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lol2.10051\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource\",\"pages\":\"218–227\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{gudasz_contributions_2017,\\n\\ttitle = {Contributions of terrestrial organic carbon to northern lake sediments},\\n\\tvolume = {2},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2017 The Author. Limnology and Oceanography Letters published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography},\\n\\tissn = {2378-2242},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lol2.10051},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1002/lol2.10051},\\n\\tabstract = {Sediments of northern lakes sequester large amounts of organic carbon (OC), but direct evidence of the relative importance of their sources is lacking. We used stable isotope ratios of nonexchangeable hydrogen (δ2Hn) in topsoil, algae, and surface sediments in order to measure the relative contribution of terrestrial OC in surface sediments of 14 mountainous arctic and lowland boreal lakes in Sweden. The terrestrial contribution to the sediment OC pool was on average 66\\\\% (range 46–80) and similar between arctic and boreal lakes. Proxies for the supply of terrestrial and algal OC explained trends in the relative contribution of terrestrial OC across lakes. However, the data suggest divergent predominant sources for terrestrial OC of sediments in Swedish lakes, with dissolved matter dominating in lowland boreal lakes and particulate OC in mountainous arctic lakes.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {6},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Limnology and Oceanography Letters},\\n\\tauthor = {Gudasz, Cristian and Ruppenthal, Marc and Kalbitz, Karsten and Cerli, Chiara and Fiedler, Sabine and Oelmann, Yvonne and Andersson, August and Karlsson, Jan},\\n\\tyear = {2017},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lol2.10051},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource},\\n\\tpages = {218--227},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Gudasz, C.\",\"Ruppenthal, M.\",\"Kalbitz, K.\",\"Cerli, C.\",\"Fiedler, S.\",\"Oelmann, Y.\",\"Andersson, A.\",\"Karlsson, J.\"],\"key\":\"gudasz_contributions_2017\",\"id\":\"gudasz_contributions_2017\",\"bibbaseid\":\"gudasz-ruppenthal-kalbitz-cerli-fiedler-oelmann-andersson-karlsson-contributionsofterrestrialorganiccarbontonorthernlakesediments-2017\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lol2.10051\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Organic phosphorus in the terrestrial environment: a perspective on the state of the art and future priorities\",\"volume\":\"427\",\"issn\":\"1573-5036\",\"shorttitle\":\"Organic phosphorus in the terrestrial environment\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-017-3391-x\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s11104-017-3391-x\",\"abstract\":\"The dynamics of phosphorus (P) in the environment is important for regulating nutrient cycles in natural and managed ecosystems and an integral part in assessing biological resilience against environmental change. Organic P (Po) compounds play key roles in biological and ecosystems function in the terrestrial environment being critical to cell function, growth and reproduction.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"1\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Plant and Soil\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"George\"],\"firstnames\":[\"T.\",\"S.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Giles\"],\"firstnames\":[\"C.\",\"D.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Menezes-Blackburn\"],\"firstnames\":[\"D.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Condron\"],\"firstnames\":[\"L.\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Gama-Rodrigues\"],\"firstnames\":[\"A.\",\"C.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jaisi\"],\"firstnames\":[\"D.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lang\"],\"firstnames\":[\"F.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Neal\"],\"firstnames\":[\"A.\",\"L.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Stutter\"],\"firstnames\":[\"M.\",\"I.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Almeida\"],\"firstnames\":[\"D.\",\"S.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bol\"],\"firstnames\":[\"R.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Cabugao\"],\"firstnames\":[\"K.\",\"G.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Celi\"],\"firstnames\":[\"L.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Cotner\"],\"firstnames\":[\"J.\",\"B.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Feng\"],\"firstnames\":[\"G.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Goll\"],\"firstnames\":[\"D.\",\"S.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hallama\"],\"firstnames\":[\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Krueger\"],\"firstnames\":[\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Plassard\"],\"firstnames\":[\"C.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Rosling\"],\"firstnames\":[\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Darch\"],\"firstnames\":[\"T.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Fraser\"],\"firstnames\":[\"T.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Giesler\"],\"firstnames\":[\"R.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Richardson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"A.\",\"E.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Tamburini\"],\"firstnames\":[\"F.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Shand\"],\"firstnames\":[\"C.\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lumsdon\"],\"firstnames\":[\"D.\",\"G.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Zhang\"],\"firstnames\":[\"H.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Blackwell\"],\"firstnames\":[\"M.\",\"S.\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Wearing\"],\"firstnames\":[\"C.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Mezeli\"],\"firstnames\":[\"M.\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Almås\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Å.\",\"R.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Audette\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Y.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bertrand\"],\"firstnames\":[\"I.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Beyhaut\"],\"firstnames\":[\"E.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Boitt\"],\"firstnames\":[\"G.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bradshaw\"],\"firstnames\":[\"N.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Brearley\"],\"firstnames\":[\"C.\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bruulsema\"],\"firstnames\":[\"T.\",\"W.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ciais\"],\"firstnames\":[\"P.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Cozzolino\"],\"firstnames\":[\"V.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Duran\"],\"firstnames\":[\"P.\",\"C.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Mora\"],\"firstnames\":[\"M.\",\"L.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[\"de\"],\"lastnames\":[\"Menezes\"],\"firstnames\":[\"A.\",\"B.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Dodd\"],\"firstnames\":[\"R.\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Dunfield\"],\"firstnames\":[\"K.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Engl\"],\"firstnames\":[\"C.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Frazão\"],\"firstnames\":[\"J.\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Garland\"],\"firstnames\":[\"G.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"González\",\"Jiménez\"],\"firstnames\":[\"J.\",\"L.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Graca\"],\"firstnames\":[\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Granger\"],\"firstnames\":[\"S.\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Harrison\"],\"firstnames\":[\"A.\",\"F.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Heuck\"],\"firstnames\":[\"C.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hou\"],\"firstnames\":[\"E.\",\"Q.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Johnes\"],\"firstnames\":[\"P.\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kaiser\"],\"firstnames\":[\"K.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kjær\"],\"firstnames\":[\"H.\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Klumpp\"],\"firstnames\":[\"E.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lamb\"],\"firstnames\":[\"A.\",\"L.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Macintosh\"],\"firstnames\":[\"K.\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Mackay\"],\"firstnames\":[\"E.\",\"B.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"McGrath\"],\"firstnames\":[\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"McIntyre\"],\"firstnames\":[\"C.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"McLaren\"],\"firstnames\":[\"T.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Mészáros\"],\"firstnames\":[\"E.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Missong\"],\"firstnames\":[\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Mooshammer\"],\"firstnames\":[\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Negrón\"],\"firstnames\":[\"C.\",\"P.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Nelson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"L.\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Pfahler\"],\"firstnames\":[\"V.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Poblete-Grant\"],\"firstnames\":[\"P.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Randall\"],\"firstnames\":[\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Seguel\"],\"firstnames\":[\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Seth\"],\"firstnames\":[\"K.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Smith\"],\"firstnames\":[\"A.\",\"C.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Smits\"],\"firstnames\":[\"M.\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sobarzo\"],\"firstnames\":[\"J.\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Spohn\"],\"firstnames\":[\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Tawaraya\"],\"firstnames\":[\"K.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Tibbett\"],\"firstnames\":[\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Voroney\"],\"firstnames\":[\"P.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Wallander\"],\"firstnames\":[\"H.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Wang\"],\"firstnames\":[\"L.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Wasaki\"],\"firstnames\":[\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Haygarth\"],\"firstnames\":[\"P.\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"June\",\"year\":\"2018\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Ecosystems services, Method development, Microbiome, Modelling, Organic phosphorus, Stoichiometry\",\"pages\":\"191–208\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{george_organic_2018,\\n\\ttitle = {Organic phosphorus in the terrestrial environment: a perspective on the state of the art and future priorities},\\n\\tvolume = {427},\\n\\tissn = {1573-5036},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Organic phosphorus in the terrestrial environment},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-017-3391-x},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s11104-017-3391-x},\\n\\tabstract = {The dynamics of phosphorus (P) in the environment is important for regulating nutrient cycles in natural and managed ecosystems and an integral part in assessing biological resilience against environmental change. Organic P (Po) compounds play key roles in biological and ecosystems function in the terrestrial environment being critical to cell function, growth and reproduction.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {1},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Plant and Soil},\\n\\tauthor = {George, T. S. and Giles, C. D. and Menezes-Blackburn, D. and Condron, L. M. and Gama-Rodrigues, A. C. and Jaisi, D. and Lang, F. and Neal, A. L. and Stutter, M. I. and Almeida, D. S. and Bol, R. and Cabugao, K. G. and Celi, L. and Cotner, J. B. and Feng, G. and Goll, D. S. and Hallama, M. and Krueger, J. and Plassard, C. and Rosling, A. and Darch, T. and Fraser, T. and Giesler, R. and Richardson, A. E. and Tamburini, F. and Shand, C. A. and Lumsdon, D. G. and Zhang, H. and Blackwell, M. S. A. and Wearing, C. and Mezeli, M. M. and Almås, Å. R. and Audette, Y. and Bertrand, I. and Beyhaut, E. and Boitt, G. and Bradshaw, N. and Brearley, C. A. and Bruulsema, T. W. and Ciais, P. and Cozzolino, V. and Duran, P. C. and Mora, M. L. and de Menezes, A. B. and Dodd, R. J. and Dunfield, K. and Engl, C. and Frazão, J. J. and Garland, G. and González Jiménez, J. L. and Graca, J. and Granger, S. J. and Harrison, A. F. and Heuck, C. and Hou, E. Q. and Johnes, P. J. and Kaiser, K. and Kjær, H. A. and Klumpp, E. and Lamb, A. L. and Macintosh, K. A. and Mackay, E. B. and McGrath, J. and McIntyre, C. and McLaren, T. and Mészáros, E. and Missong, A. and Mooshammer, M. and Negrón, C. P. and Nelson, L. A. and Pfahler, V. and Poblete-Grant, P. and Randall, M. and Seguel, A. and Seth, K. and Smith, A. C. and Smits, M. M. and Sobarzo, J. A. and Spohn, M. and Tawaraya, K. and Tibbett, M. and Voroney, P. and Wallander, H. and Wang, L. and Wasaki, J. and Haygarth, P. M.},\\n\\tmonth = jun,\\n\\tyear = {2018},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Ecosystems services, Method development, Microbiome, Modelling, Organic phosphorus, Stoichiometry},\\n\\tpages = {191--208},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"George, T. S.\",\"Giles, C. D.\",\"Menezes-Blackburn, D.\",\"Condron, L. M.\",\"Gama-Rodrigues, A. C.\",\"Jaisi, D.\",\"Lang, F.\",\"Neal, A. L.\",\"Stutter, M. I.\",\"Almeida, D. S.\",\"Bol, R.\",\"Cabugao, K. G.\",\"Celi, L.\",\"Cotner, J. B.\",\"Feng, G.\",\"Goll, D. S.\",\"Hallama, M.\",\"Krueger, J.\",\"Plassard, C.\",\"Rosling, A.\",\"Darch, T.\",\"Fraser, T.\",\"Giesler, R.\",\"Richardson, A. E.\",\"Tamburini, F.\",\"Shand, C. A.\",\"Lumsdon, D. G.\",\"Zhang, H.\",\"Blackwell, M. S. A.\",\"Wearing, C.\",\"Mezeli, M. M.\",\"Almås, Å. R.\",\"Audette, Y.\",\"Bertrand, I.\",\"Beyhaut, E.\",\"Boitt, G.\",\"Bradshaw, N.\",\"Brearley, C. A.\",\"Bruulsema, T. W.\",\"Ciais, P.\",\"Cozzolino, V.\",\"Duran, P. C.\",\"Mora, M. L.\",\"de Menezes, A. B.\",\"Dodd, R. J.\",\"Dunfield, K.\",\"Engl, C.\",\"Frazão, J. J.\",\"Garland, G.\",\"González Jiménez, J. L.\",\"Graca, J.\",\"Granger, S. J.\",\"Harrison, A. F.\",\"Heuck, C.\",\"Hou, E. Q.\",\"Johnes, P. J.\",\"Kaiser, K.\",\"Kjær, H. A.\",\"Klumpp, E.\",\"Lamb, A. L.\",\"Macintosh, K. A.\",\"Mackay, E. B.\",\"McGrath, J.\",\"McIntyre, C.\",\"McLaren, T.\",\"Mészáros, E.\",\"Missong, A.\",\"Mooshammer, M.\",\"Negrón, C. P.\",\"Nelson, L. A.\",\"Pfahler, V.\",\"Poblete-Grant, P.\",\"Randall, M.\",\"Seguel, A.\",\"Seth, K.\",\"Smith, A. C.\",\"Smits, M. M.\",\"Sobarzo, J. A.\",\"Spohn, M.\",\"Tawaraya, K.\",\"Tibbett, M.\",\"Voroney, P.\",\"Wallander, H.\",\"Wang, L.\",\"Wasaki, J.\",\"Haygarth, P. M.\"],\"key\":\"george_organic_2018\",\"id\":\"george_organic_2018\",\"bibbaseid\":\"george-giles-menezesblackburn-condron-gamarodrigues-jaisi-lang-neal-etal-organicphosphorusintheterrestrialenvironmentaperspectiveonthestateoftheartandfuturepriorities-2018\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-017-3391-x\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Ecosystems services\",\"Method development\",\"Microbiome\",\"Modelling\",\"Organic phosphorus\",\"Stoichiometry\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"The response of forest plant regeneration to temperature variation along a latitudinal gradient\",\"volume\":\"109\",\"issn\":\"0305-7364\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcs015\",\"doi\":\"10.1093/aob/mcs015\",\"abstract\":\"The response of forest herb regeneration from seed to temperature variations across latitudes was experimentally assessed in order to forecast the likely response of understorey community dynamics to climate warming.Seeds of two characteristic forest plants (Anemone nemorosa and Milium effusum) were collected in natural populations along a latitudinal gradient from northern France to northern Sweden and exposed to three temperature regimes in growth chambers (first experiment). To test the importance of local adaptation, reciprocal transplants were also made of adult individuals that originated from the same populations in three common gardens located in southern, central and northern sites along the same gradient, and the resulting seeds were germinated (second experiment). Seedling establishment was quantified by measuring the timing and percentage of seedling emergence, and seedling biomass in both experiments.Spring warming increased emergence rates and seedling growth in the early-flowering forb A. nemorosa. Seedlings of the summer-flowering grass M. effusum originating from northern populations responded more strongly in terms of biomass growth to temperature than southern populations. The above-ground biomass of the seedlings of both species decreased with increasing latitude of origin, irrespective of whether seeds were collected from natural populations or from the common gardens. The emergence percentage decreased with increasing home-away distance in seeds from the transplant experiment, suggesting that the maternal plants were locally adapted.Decreasing seedling emergence and growth were found from the centre to the northern edge of the distribution range for both species. Stronger responses to temperature variation in seedling growth of the grass M. effusum in the north may offer a way to cope with environmental change. The results further suggest that climate warming might differentially affect seedling establishment of understorey plants across their distribution range and thus alter future understorey plant dynamics.\",\"number\":\"5\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Annals of Botany\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"De\",\"Frenne\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Pieter\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Graae\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Bente\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Brunet\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jörg\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Shevtsova\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Anna\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"De\",\"Schrijver\"],\"firstnames\":[\"An\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Chabrerie\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Olivier\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Cousins\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sara\",\"A.\",\"O.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Decocq\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Guillaume\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Diekmann\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Martin\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hermy\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Martin\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Heinken\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Thilo\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kolb\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Annette\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Nilsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Christer\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Stanton\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sharon\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Verheyen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Kris\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"April\",\"year\":\"2012\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Anemone nemorosa, Milium effusum, climate change, common garden, growth chambers, latitudinal gradient, local adaptation, plant regeneration, range edges, recruitment, seedling establishment, temperature\",\"pages\":\"1037–1046\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{de_frenne_response_2012,\\n\\ttitle = {The response of forest plant regeneration to temperature variation along a latitudinal gradient},\\n\\tvolume = {109},\\n\\tissn = {0305-7364},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcs015},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1093/aob/mcs015},\\n\\tabstract = {The response of forest herb regeneration from seed to temperature variations across latitudes was experimentally assessed in order to forecast the likely response of understorey community dynamics to climate warming.Seeds of two characteristic forest plants (Anemone nemorosa and Milium effusum) were collected in natural populations along a latitudinal gradient from northern France to northern Sweden and exposed to three temperature regimes in growth chambers (first experiment). To test the importance of local adaptation, reciprocal transplants were also made of adult individuals that originated from the same populations in three common gardens located in southern, central and northern sites along the same gradient, and the resulting seeds were germinated (second experiment). Seedling establishment was quantified by measuring the timing and percentage of seedling emergence, and seedling biomass in both experiments.Spring warming increased emergence rates and seedling growth in the early-flowering forb A. nemorosa. Seedlings of the summer-flowering grass M. effusum originating from northern populations responded more strongly in terms of biomass growth to temperature than southern populations. The above-ground biomass of the seedlings of both species decreased with increasing latitude of origin, irrespective of whether seeds were collected from natural populations or from the common gardens. The emergence percentage decreased with increasing home-away distance in seeds from the transplant experiment, suggesting that the maternal plants were locally adapted.Decreasing seedling emergence and growth were found from the centre to the northern edge of the distribution range for both species. Stronger responses to temperature variation in seedling growth of the grass M. effusum in the north may offer a way to cope with environmental change. The results further suggest that climate warming might differentially affect seedling establishment of understorey plants across their distribution range and thus alter future understorey plant dynamics.},\\n\\tnumber = {5},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Annals of Botany},\\n\\tauthor = {De Frenne, Pieter and Graae, Bente J. and Brunet, Jörg and Shevtsova, Anna and De Schrijver, An and Chabrerie, Olivier and Cousins, Sara A. O. and Decocq, Guillaume and Diekmann, Martin and Hermy, Martin and Heinken, Thilo and Kolb, Annette and Nilsson, Christer and Stanton, Sharon and Verheyen, Kris},\\n\\tmonth = apr,\\n\\tyear = {2012},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Anemone nemorosa, Milium effusum, climate change, common garden, growth chambers, latitudinal gradient, local adaptation, plant regeneration, range edges, recruitment, seedling establishment, temperature},\\n\\tpages = {1037--1046},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"De Frenne, P.\",\"Graae, B. J.\",\"Brunet, J.\",\"Shevtsova, A.\",\"De Schrijver, A.\",\"Chabrerie, O.\",\"Cousins, S. A. O.\",\"Decocq, G.\",\"Diekmann, M.\",\"Hermy, M.\",\"Heinken, T.\",\"Kolb, A.\",\"Nilsson, C.\",\"Stanton, S.\",\"Verheyen, K.\"],\"key\":\"de_frenne_response_2012\",\"id\":\"de_frenne_response_2012\",\"bibbaseid\":\"defrenne-graae-brunet-shevtsova-deschrijver-chabrerie-cousins-decocq-etal-theresponseofforestplantregenerationtotemperaturevariationalongalatitudinalgradient-2012\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcs015\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Anemone nemorosa\",\"Milium effusum\",\"climate change\",\"common garden\",\"growth chambers\",\"latitudinal gradient\",\"local adaptation\",\"plant regeneration\",\"range edges\",\"recruitment\",\"seedling establishment\",\"temperature\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Tracing Pb Pollution Penetration in Temperate Podzols\",\"volume\":\"28\",\"copyright\":\"Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.\",\"issn\":\"1099-145X\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ldr.2777\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/ldr.2777\",\"abstract\":\"We combine high-resolution soil sampling with lead (Pb) analyses (concentrations and stable isotopes) in two temperate podzols, together with previous data obtained with selective Al and Fe dissolution techniques. We aim to assess how atmospheric Pb is incorporated into the soils during pedogenesis. Partial least squares modelling for Pb concentrations shows that the podzolization process has the largest effect on Pb concentration (80·3% of the variance). The proportion of inorganic secondary compounds, the input of fresh organic matter from the soil surface and the relative abundance of Fe versus Al are responsible for a small part of the Pb concentration variance. Lead isotopic composition (206Pb/207Pb ratios) depends on soil organic matter content either fresh/poorly humified (57·3% of the variance) or humified (24·7% of the variance). The Pb linked to inorganic compounds and the overall podzolization process play a minor role in isotopic signature (5·3 and 3·7% of the variance respectively). Soil pH appears to be the controlling variable of the different transport and retention mechanisms. The relatively low isotopic ratios observed in spodic horizons result from geogenic Pb released through the preferential dissolution of the isotopically distinct most weatherable minerals of the parent material in the eluvial horizons, which undergoes downward mobilization. An accurate knowledge of soil reactive components and formation mechanisms is essential to a correct diagnose of the scope of Pb pollution and a more effective design of remediation strategies. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"8\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Land Degradation & Development\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ferro-Vázquez\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Cruz\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Pérez-Rodríguez\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Marta\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Nóvoa-Muñoz\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Juan\",\"Carlos\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Klaminder\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jonatan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bindler\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Richard\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Martínez\",\"Cortizas\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Antonio\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2017\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ldr.2777\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Lead isotopes, Partial Least Squares modelling, atmospheric deposition, lead isotopes, partial least squares modelling, podzols\",\"pages\":\"2432–2445\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{ferro-vazquez_tracing_2017,\\n\\ttitle = {Tracing {Pb} {Pollution} {Penetration} in {Temperate} {Podzols}},\\n\\tvolume = {28},\\n\\tcopyright = {Copyright © 2017 John Wiley \\\\& Sons, Ltd.},\\n\\tissn = {1099-145X},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ldr.2777},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1002/ldr.2777},\\n\\tabstract = {We combine high-resolution soil sampling with lead (Pb) analyses (concentrations and stable isotopes) in two temperate podzols, together with previous data obtained with selective Al and Fe dissolution techniques. We aim to assess how atmospheric Pb is incorporated into the soils during pedogenesis. Partial least squares modelling for Pb concentrations shows that the podzolization process has the largest effect on Pb concentration (80·3\\\\% of the variance). The proportion of inorganic secondary compounds, the input of fresh organic matter from the soil surface and the relative abundance of Fe versus Al are responsible for a small part of the Pb concentration variance. Lead isotopic composition (206Pb/207Pb ratios) depends on soil organic matter content either fresh/poorly humified (57·3\\\\% of the variance) or humified (24·7\\\\% of the variance). The Pb linked to inorganic compounds and the overall podzolization process play a minor role in isotopic signature (5·3 and 3·7\\\\% of the variance respectively). Soil pH appears to be the controlling variable of the different transport and retention mechanisms. The relatively low isotopic ratios observed in spodic horizons result from geogenic Pb released through the preferential dissolution of the isotopically distinct most weatherable minerals of the parent material in the eluvial horizons, which undergoes downward mobilization. An accurate knowledge of soil reactive components and formation mechanisms is essential to a correct diagnose of the scope of Pb pollution and a more effective design of remediation strategies. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley \\\\& Sons, Ltd.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {8},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Land Degradation \\\\& Development},\\n\\tauthor = {Ferro-Vázquez, Cruz and Pérez-Rodríguez, Marta and Nóvoa-Muñoz, Juan Carlos and Klaminder, Jonatan and Bindler, Richard and Martínez Cortizas, Antonio},\\n\\tyear = {2017},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ldr.2777},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Lead isotopes, Partial Least Squares modelling, atmospheric deposition, lead isotopes, partial least squares modelling, podzols},\\n\\tpages = {2432--2445},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Ferro-Vázquez, C.\",\"Pérez-Rodríguez, M.\",\"Nóvoa-Muñoz, J. C.\",\"Klaminder, J.\",\"Bindler, R.\",\"Martínez Cortizas, A.\"],\"key\":\"ferro-vazquez_tracing_2017\",\"id\":\"ferro-vazquez_tracing_2017\",\"bibbaseid\":\"ferrovzquez-prezrodrguez-nvoamuoz-klaminder-bindler-martnezcortizas-tracingpbpollutionpenetrationintemperatepodzols-2017\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ldr.2777\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Lead isotopes\",\"Partial Least Squares modelling\",\"atmospheric deposition\",\"lead isotopes\",\"partial least squares modelling\",\"podzols\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Heterogeneous CO2 and CH4 patterns across space and time in a small boreal lake\",\"volume\":\"10\",\"issn\":\"2044-2041\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/20442041.2020.1787765\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/20442041.2020.1787765\",\"abstract\":\"Small boreal lakes emit large amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) to the atmosphere. Yet emissions of these greenhouse gases are variable in space and time, in part due to variable within-lake CO2 and CH4 concentrations. To determine the extent and the underlying drivers of this variation, we measured lake water CO2 and CH4 concentrations and estimated associated emissions using spatially discrete water samples collected every 2 weeks from a small boreal lake. On select dates, we also collected groundwater samples from the surrounding catchment. On average, groundwater draining a connected peat mire complex had significantly higher CO2 and CH4 concentrations compared to waters draining forest on mineral soils. However, within the lake, only CH4 concentrations nearshore from the mire complex were significantly elevated. We observed little spatial variability in surface water CO2; however, bottom water CO2 in the pelagic zone was significantly higher than bottom waters at nearshore locations. Overall, temperature, precipitation, and thermal stratification explained temporal patterns of CO2 concentration, whereas hydrology (discharge and precipitation) best predicted the variation in CH4 concentration. Consistent with these different controls, the highest CO2 emission was related to lake turnover at the end of August while the highest CH4 emission was associated with precipitation events at the end of June. These results suggest that annual carbon emissions from small boreal lakes are influenced by temporal variation in weather conditions that regulate thermal stratification and trigger hydrologic land–water connections that supply gases from catchment soils to the lake.\",\"number\":\"3\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Inland Waters\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Denfeld\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Blaize\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lupon\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Anna\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sponseller\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ryan\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Laudon\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Hjalmar\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Karlsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jan\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"July\",\"year\":\"2020\",\"note\":\"Publisher: Taylor & Francis _eprint: https://doi.org/10.1080/20442041.2020.1787765\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, carbon dioxide, carbon emissions, groundwater, lakes, methane, mire\",\"pages\":\"348–359\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{denfeld_heterogeneous_2020,\\n\\ttitle = {Heterogeneous {CO2} and {CH4} patterns across space and time in a small boreal lake},\\n\\tvolume = {10},\\n\\tissn = {2044-2041},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1080/20442041.2020.1787765},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1080/20442041.2020.1787765},\\n\\tabstract = {Small boreal lakes emit large amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) to the atmosphere. Yet emissions of these greenhouse gases are variable in space and time, in part due to variable within-lake CO2 and CH4 concentrations. To determine the extent and the underlying drivers of this variation, we measured lake water CO2 and CH4 concentrations and estimated associated emissions using spatially discrete water samples collected every 2 weeks from a small boreal lake. On select dates, we also collected groundwater samples from the surrounding catchment. On average, groundwater draining a connected peat mire complex had significantly higher CO2 and CH4 concentrations compared to waters draining forest on mineral soils. However, within the lake, only CH4 concentrations nearshore from the mire complex were significantly elevated. We observed little spatial variability in surface water CO2; however, bottom water CO2 in the pelagic zone was significantly higher than bottom waters at nearshore locations. Overall, temperature, precipitation, and thermal stratification explained temporal patterns of CO2 concentration, whereas hydrology (discharge and precipitation) best predicted the variation in CH4 concentration. Consistent with these different controls, the highest CO2 emission was related to lake turnover at the end of August while the highest CH4 emission was associated with precipitation events at the end of June. These results suggest that annual carbon emissions from small boreal lakes are influenced by temporal variation in weather conditions that regulate thermal stratification and trigger hydrologic land–water connections that supply gases from catchment soils to the lake.},\\n\\tnumber = {3},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Inland Waters},\\n\\tauthor = {Denfeld, Blaize A. and Lupon, Anna and Sponseller, Ryan A. and Laudon, Hjalmar and Karlsson, Jan},\\n\\tmonth = jul,\\n\\tyear = {2020},\\n\\tnote = {Publisher: Taylor \\\\& Francis\\n\\\\_eprint: https://doi.org/10.1080/20442041.2020.1787765},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, carbon dioxide, carbon emissions, groundwater, lakes, methane, mire},\\n\\tpages = {348--359},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Denfeld, B. A.\",\"Lupon, A.\",\"Sponseller, R. A.\",\"Laudon, H.\",\"Karlsson, J.\"],\"key\":\"denfeld_heterogeneous_2020\",\"id\":\"denfeld_heterogeneous_2020\",\"bibbaseid\":\"denfeld-lupon-sponseller-laudon-karlsson-heterogeneousco2andch4patternsacrossspaceandtimeinasmallboreallake-2020\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/20442041.2020.1787765\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"carbon dioxide\",\"carbon emissions\",\"groundwater\",\"lakes\",\"methane\",\"mire\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Scenarios for Animal Responses to Global Change in Europe's Cold Regions: An Introduction\",\"volume\":\"47\",\"copyright\":\"Copyright © 1999 Oikos Editorial Office\",\"issn\":\"0346-6868\",\"shorttitle\":\"Scenarios for Animal Responses to Global Change in Europe's Cold Regions\",\"url\":\"http://www.jstor.org/stable/20113221\",\"abstract\":\"00009\",\"urldate\":\"2015-10-04\",\"journal\":\"Ecological Bulletins\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Danell\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Kjell\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hofgaard\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Annika\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Callaghan\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Terry\",\"V.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ball\"],\"firstnames\":[\"John\",\"P.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"January\",\"year\":\"1999\",\"note\":\"00009\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, ⛔ No DOI found\",\"pages\":\"8–15\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{danell_scenarios_1999,\\n\\ttitle = {Scenarios for {Animal} {Responses} to {Global} {Change} in {Europe}'s {Cold} {Regions}: {An} {Introduction}},\\n\\tvolume = {47},\\n\\tcopyright = {Copyright © 1999 Oikos Editorial Office},\\n\\tissn = {0346-6868},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Scenarios for {Animal} {Responses} to {Global} {Change} in {Europe}'s {Cold} {Regions}},\\n\\turl = {http://www.jstor.org/stable/20113221},\\n\\tabstract = {00009},\\n\\turldate = {2015-10-04},\\n\\tjournal = {Ecological Bulletins},\\n\\tauthor = {Danell, Kjell and Hofgaard, Annika and Callaghan, Terry V. and Ball, John P.},\\n\\tmonth = jan,\\n\\tyear = {1999},\\n\\tnote = {00009},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, ⛔ No DOI found},\\n\\tpages = {8--15},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Danell, K.\",\"Hofgaard, A.\",\"Callaghan, T. V.\",\"Ball, J. P.\"],\"key\":\"danell_scenarios_1999\",\"id\":\"danell_scenarios_1999\",\"bibbaseid\":\"danell-hofgaard-callaghan-ball-scenariosforanimalresponsestoglobalchangeineuropescoldregionsanintroduction-1999\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"http://www.jstor.org/stable/20113221\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"⛔ No DOI found\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Winter climate change, plant traits and nutrient and carbon cycling in cold biomes\",\"volume\":\"29\",\"copyright\":\"© 2014 The Ecological Society of Japan\",\"issn\":\"1440-1703\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1007/s11284-013-1106-1\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s11284-013-1106-1\",\"abstract\":\"It is essential that scientists be able to predict how strong climate warming, including profound changes to winter climate, will affect the ecosystem services of alpine, arctic and boreal areas, and how these services are driven by vegetation–soil feedbacks. One fruitful avenue for studying such changing feedbacks is through plant functional traits, as an understanding of these traits may help us to understand and synthesise (1) responses of vegetation (through ‘response traits’ and ‘specific response functions’ of each species) to winter climate and (2) the effects of changing vegetation composition (through ‘effect traits’ and ‘specific effect functions’ of each species) on soil functions. It is the relative correspondence of variation in response and effect traits that will provide useful data on the impacts of winter climate change on carbon and nutrient cycling processes. Here we discuss several examples of how the trait-based, response–effect framework can help scientists to better understand the effects of winter warming on key ecosystem functions in cold biomes. These examples support the view that measuring species for their response and effect traits, and how these traits are linked across species through correspondence of variation in specific response and effects functions, may be a useful approach for teasing out the contribution of changing vegetation composition to winter warming effects on ecosystem functions. This approach will be particularly useful when linked with ecosystem-level measurements of vegetation and process responses to winter warming along natural gradients, over medium time scales in given sites or in response to experimental climate manipulations.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"4\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Ecological Research\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Cornelissen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Johannes\",\"H.\",\"C.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Makoto\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Kobayashi\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2014\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1007/s11284-013-1106-1\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Alpine, Arctic, Behavioural Sciences, Biogeochemistry, Boreal, Forestry, Plant Sciences, Plant functional traits, Response–effect framework, Snow roots, Species ecosystem impact, Winter climate warming, Zoology, alpine, boreal, ecology, evolutionary biology\",\"pages\":\"517–527\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{cornelissen_winter_2014,\\n\\ttitle = {Winter climate change, plant traits and nutrient and carbon cycling in cold biomes},\\n\\tvolume = {29},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2014 The Ecological Society of Japan},\\n\\tissn = {1440-1703},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1007/s11284-013-1106-1},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s11284-013-1106-1},\\n\\tabstract = {It is essential that scientists be able to predict how strong climate warming, including profound changes to winter climate, will affect the ecosystem services of alpine, arctic and boreal areas, and how these services are driven by vegetation–soil feedbacks. One fruitful avenue for studying such changing feedbacks is through plant functional traits, as an understanding of these traits may help us to understand and synthesise (1) responses of vegetation (through ‘response traits’ and ‘specific response functions’ of each species) to winter climate and (2) the effects of changing vegetation composition (through ‘effect traits’ and ‘specific effect functions’ of each species) on soil functions. It is the relative correspondence of variation in response and effect traits that will provide useful data on the impacts of winter climate change on carbon and nutrient cycling processes. Here we discuss several examples of how the trait-based, response–effect framework can help scientists to better understand the effects of winter warming on key ecosystem functions in cold biomes. These examples support the view that measuring species for their response and effect traits, and how these traits are linked across species through correspondence of variation in specific response and effects functions, may be a useful approach for teasing out the contribution of changing vegetation composition to winter warming effects on ecosystem functions. This approach will be particularly useful when linked with ecosystem-level measurements of vegetation and process responses to winter warming along natural gradients, over medium time scales in given sites or in response to experimental climate manipulations.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {4},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Ecological Research},\\n\\tauthor = {Cornelissen, Johannes H. C. and Makoto, Kobayashi},\\n\\tyear = {2014},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1007/s11284-013-1106-1},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Alpine, Arctic, Behavioural Sciences, Biogeochemistry, Boreal, Forestry, Plant Sciences, Plant functional traits, Response–effect framework, Snow roots, Species ecosystem impact, Winter climate warming, Zoology, alpine, boreal, ecology, evolutionary biology},\\n\\tpages = {517--527},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Cornelissen, J. H. C.\",\"Makoto, K.\"],\"key\":\"cornelissen_winter_2014\",\"id\":\"cornelissen_winter_2014\",\"bibbaseid\":\"cornelissen-makoto-winterclimatechangeplanttraitsandnutrientandcarboncyclingincoldbiomes-2014\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1007/s11284-013-1106-1\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Alpine\",\"Arctic\",\"Behavioural Sciences\",\"Biogeochemistry\",\"Boreal\",\"Forestry\",\"Plant Sciences\",\"Plant functional traits\",\"Response–effect framework\",\"Snow roots\",\"Species ecosystem impact\",\"Winter climate warming\",\"Zoology\",\"alpine\",\"boreal\",\"ecology\",\"evolutionary biology\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"The Tundra-Taiga Interface and Its Dynamics: Concepts and Applications\",\"volume\":\"12\",\"issn\":\"0044-7447\",\"shorttitle\":\"The Tundra-Taiga Interface and Its Dynamics\",\"url\":\"https://www.jstor.org/stable/25094570\",\"abstract\":\"The tundra-taiga interface is a dominant vegetation boundary that is related to climate and has an importance at a global level for its contribution to land atmosphere interactions, biodiversity and land use. However, our understanding of the precise location, dynamics and characteristics of the boundary, and its environmental and biotic drivers at a circumpolar level is poor. Our understanding has been constrained for various reasons, perhaps including a quest by researchers to denote 2- or even 3-dimensional tree distribution limits to a single line on a map. Current rapid sociological and environmental changes in the north necessitate better definitions to be made of characteristics associated with the tundra-taiga interface so that changes can be monitored and identified, and implications of these changes can be assessed. This concept paper introduces some of the complexities of adequately defining the boundary and suggests characteristics and processes that could focus future research at a collaborative, circumpolar level to create baseline data and to monitor and predict changes in the boundary zone.\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Ambio\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Callaghan\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Terry\",\"V.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Werkman\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ben\",\"R.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Crawford\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Robert.\",\"M.\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2002\",\"note\":\"Publisher: [Springer, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences]\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, ⛔ No DOI found\",\"pages\":\"6–14\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{callaghan_tundra-taiga_2002,\\n\\ttitle = {The {Tundra}-{Taiga} {Interface} and {Its} {Dynamics}: {Concepts} and {Applications}},\\n\\tvolume = {12},\\n\\tissn = {0044-7447},\\n\\tshorttitle = {The {Tundra}-{Taiga} {Interface} and {Its} {Dynamics}},\\n\\turl = {https://www.jstor.org/stable/25094570},\\n\\tabstract = {The tundra-taiga interface is a dominant vegetation boundary that is related to climate and has an importance at a global level for its contribution to land atmosphere interactions, biodiversity and land use. However, our understanding of the precise location, dynamics and characteristics of the boundary, and its environmental and biotic drivers at a circumpolar level is poor. Our understanding has been constrained for various reasons, perhaps including a quest by researchers to denote 2- or even 3-dimensional tree distribution limits to a single line on a map. Current rapid sociological and environmental changes in the north necessitate better definitions to be made of characteristics associated with the tundra-taiga interface so that changes can be monitored and identified, and implications of these changes can be assessed. This concept paper introduces some of the complexities of adequately defining the boundary and suggests characteristics and processes that could focus future research at a collaborative, circumpolar level to create baseline data and to monitor and predict changes in the boundary zone.},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Ambio},\\n\\tauthor = {Callaghan, Terry V. and Werkman, Ben R. and Crawford, Robert. M. M.},\\n\\tyear = {2002},\\n\\tnote = {Publisher: [Springer, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences]},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, ⛔ No DOI found},\\n\\tpages = {6--14},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Callaghan, T. V.\",\"Werkman, B. R.\",\"Crawford, R. M. M.\"],\"key\":\"callaghan_tundra-taiga_2002\",\"id\":\"callaghan_tundra-taiga_2002\",\"bibbaseid\":\"callaghan-werkman-crawford-thetundrataigainterfaceanditsdynamicsconceptsandapplications-2002\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://www.jstor.org/stable/25094570\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"⛔ No DOI found\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Decreased cryogenic disturbance: one of the potential mechanisms behind the vegetation change in the Arctic\",\"volume\":\"41\",\"issn\":\"1432-2056\",\"shorttitle\":\"Decreased cryogenic disturbance\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-017-2173-5\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s00300-017-2173-5\",\"abstract\":\"During the last few decades, the Arctic has experienced large-scale vegetation changes. Understanding the mechanisms behind this vegetation change is crucial for our ability to predict future changes. This study tested the hypothesis that decreased cryogenic disturbances cause vegetation change in patterned ground study fields (non-sorted circles) in Abisko, Sweden during the last few decades. The hypothesis was tested by surveying the composition of plant communities across a gradient in cryogenic disturbance and by reinvestigating plant communities previously surveyed in the 1980s to scrutinise how these communities changed in response to reduced cryogenic disturbance. Whereas the historical changes in species occurrence associated with decreased cryogenic disturbances were relatively consistent with the changes along the contemporary gradient of cryogenic disturbances, the species abundance revealed important transient changes highly dependent on the initial plant community composition. Our results suggest that altered cryogenic disturbances cause temporal changes in vegetation dynamics, but the net effects on vegetation communities depend on the composition of initial plant species.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"1\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Polar Biology\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Becher\"],\"firstnames\":[\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Olofsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Berglund\"],\"firstnames\":[\"L.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Klaminder\"],\"firstnames\":[\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"January\",\"year\":\"2018\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Cryogenic disturbance, Differential heave, Freeze/thaw-indices, Non-sorted circles, Patterned ground, Plant abundance\",\"pages\":\"101–110\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{becher_decreased_2018,\\n\\ttitle = {Decreased cryogenic disturbance: one of the potential mechanisms behind the vegetation change in the {Arctic}},\\n\\tvolume = {41},\\n\\tissn = {1432-2056},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Decreased cryogenic disturbance},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-017-2173-5},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s00300-017-2173-5},\\n\\tabstract = {During the last few decades, the Arctic has experienced large-scale vegetation changes. Understanding the mechanisms behind this vegetation change is crucial for our ability to predict future changes. This study tested the hypothesis that decreased cryogenic disturbances cause vegetation change in patterned ground study fields (non-sorted circles) in Abisko, Sweden during the last few decades. The hypothesis was tested by surveying the composition of plant communities across a gradient in cryogenic disturbance and by reinvestigating plant communities previously surveyed in the 1980s to scrutinise how these communities changed in response to reduced cryogenic disturbance. Whereas the historical changes in species occurrence associated with decreased cryogenic disturbances were relatively consistent with the changes along the contemporary gradient of cryogenic disturbances, the species abundance revealed important transient changes highly dependent on the initial plant community composition. Our results suggest that altered cryogenic disturbances cause temporal changes in vegetation dynamics, but the net effects on vegetation communities depend on the composition of initial plant species.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {1},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Polar Biology},\\n\\tauthor = {Becher, M. and Olofsson, J. and Berglund, L. and Klaminder, J.},\\n\\tmonth = jan,\\n\\tyear = {2018},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Cryogenic disturbance, Differential heave, Freeze/thaw-indices, Non-sorted circles, Patterned ground, Plant abundance},\\n\\tpages = {101--110},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Becher, M.\",\"Olofsson, J.\",\"Berglund, L.\",\"Klaminder, J.\"],\"key\":\"becher_decreased_2018\",\"id\":\"becher_decreased_2018\",\"bibbaseid\":\"becher-olofsson-berglund-klaminder-decreasedcryogenicdisturbanceoneofthepotentialmechanismsbehindthevegetationchangeinthearctic-2018\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-017-2173-5\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Cryogenic disturbance\",\"Differential heave\",\"Freeze/thaw-indices\",\"Non-sorted circles\",\"Patterned ground\",\"Plant abundance\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Urine is an important nitrogen source for plants irrespective of vegetation composition in an Arctic tundra: Insights from a 15N-enriched urea tracer experiment\",\"volume\":\"106\",\"copyright\":\"© 2017 The Authors. Journal of Ecology © 2017 British Ecological Society\",\"issn\":\"1365-2745\",\"shorttitle\":\"Urine is an important nitrogen source for plants irrespective of vegetation composition in an Arctic tundra\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1365-2745.12820\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/1365-2745.12820\",\"abstract\":\"Mammalian herbivores can strongly influence nitrogen (N) cycling and herbivore urine could be a central component of the N cycle in grazed ecosystems. Despite its potential role for ecosystem productivity and functioning, the fate of N derived from urine has rarely been investigated in grazed ecosystems. This study explored the fate of 15N-enriched urea in tundra sites that have been either lightly or intensively grazed by reindeer for more than 50 years. We followed the fate of the 15N applied to the plant canopy, at 2 weeks and 1 year after tracer addition, in the different ecosystem N pools. 15N-urea was rapidly incorporated in cryptogams and in above-ground parts of vascular plants, while the soil microbial pool and plant roots sequestered only a marginal proportion. Furthermore, the litter layer constituted a large sink for the 15N-urea, at least in the short term, indicating a high biological activity in the litter layer and high immobilization in the first phases of organic matter decomposition. Mosses and lichens still constituted the largest sink for the 15N-urea 1 year after tracer addition at both levels of grazing intensity demonstrating their large ability to capture and retain N from urine. Despite large fundamental differences in their traits, deciduous and evergreen shrubs were just as efficient as graminoids in taking up the 15N-urea. The total recovery of 15N-urea was lower in the intensively grazed sites, suggesting that reindeer reduce ecosystem N retention. Synthesis. The rapid incorporation of the applied 15N-urea indicates that arctic plants can take advantage of a pulse of incoming N from urine. In addition, δ15N values of all taxa in the heavily grazed sites converged towards the δ15N values for urine, bringing further evidence that urine is an important N source for plants in grazed tundra ecosystems.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"1\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Journal of Ecology\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Barthelemy\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Hélène\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Stark\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sari\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Michelsen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Anders\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Olofsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Johan\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2018\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2745.12820\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Arctic tundra, N labelling, above- and belowground linkages, cryptogams, grazing intensity, microbial N biomass, nutrient cycling, plant nutrient uptake, plant–herbivore interactions, urine\",\"pages\":\"367–378\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{barthelemy_urine_2018,\\n\\ttitle = {Urine is an important nitrogen source for plants irrespective of vegetation composition in an {Arctic} tundra: {Insights} from a {15N}-enriched urea tracer experiment},\\n\\tvolume = {106},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2017 The Authors. Journal of Ecology © 2017 British Ecological Society},\\n\\tissn = {1365-2745},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Urine is an important nitrogen source for plants irrespective of vegetation composition in an {Arctic} tundra},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1365-2745.12820},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/1365-2745.12820},\\n\\tabstract = {Mammalian herbivores can strongly influence nitrogen (N) cycling and herbivore urine could be a central component of the N cycle in grazed ecosystems. Despite its potential role for ecosystem productivity and functioning, the fate of N derived from urine has rarely been investigated in grazed ecosystems. This study explored the fate of 15N-enriched urea in tundra sites that have been either lightly or intensively grazed by reindeer for more than 50 years. We followed the fate of the 15N applied to the plant canopy, at 2 weeks and 1 year after tracer addition, in the different ecosystem N pools. 15N-urea was rapidly incorporated in cryptogams and in above-ground parts of vascular plants, while the soil microbial pool and plant roots sequestered only a marginal proportion. Furthermore, the litter layer constituted a large sink for the 15N-urea, at least in the short term, indicating a high biological activity in the litter layer and high immobilization in the first phases of organic matter decomposition. Mosses and lichens still constituted the largest sink for the 15N-urea 1 year after tracer addition at both levels of grazing intensity demonstrating their large ability to capture and retain N from urine. Despite large fundamental differences in their traits, deciduous and evergreen shrubs were just as efficient as graminoids in taking up the 15N-urea. The total recovery of 15N-urea was lower in the intensively grazed sites, suggesting that reindeer reduce ecosystem N retention. Synthesis. The rapid incorporation of the applied 15N-urea indicates that arctic plants can take advantage of a pulse of incoming N from urine. In addition, δ15N values of all taxa in the heavily grazed sites converged towards the δ15N values for urine, bringing further evidence that urine is an important N source for plants in grazed tundra ecosystems.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {1},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Journal of Ecology},\\n\\tauthor = {Barthelemy, Hélène and Stark, Sari and Michelsen, Anders and Olofsson, Johan},\\n\\tyear = {2018},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2745.12820},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Arctic tundra, N labelling, above- and belowground linkages, cryptogams, grazing intensity, microbial N biomass, nutrient cycling, plant nutrient uptake, plant–herbivore interactions, urine},\\n\\tpages = {367--378},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Barthelemy, H.\",\"Stark, S.\",\"Michelsen, A.\",\"Olofsson, J.\"],\"key\":\"barthelemy_urine_2018\",\"id\":\"barthelemy_urine_2018\",\"bibbaseid\":\"barthelemy-stark-michelsen-olofsson-urineisanimportantnitrogensourceforplantsirrespectiveofvegetationcompositioninanarctictundrainsightsfroma15nenrichedureatracerexperiment-2018\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1365-2745.12820\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Arctic tundra\",\"N labelling\",\"above- and belowground linkages\",\"cryptogams\",\"grazing intensity\",\"microbial N biomass\",\"nutrient cycling\",\"plant nutrient uptake\",\"plant–herbivore interactions\",\"urine\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Background invertebrate herbivory on dwarf birch (Betula glandulosa-nana complex) increases with temperature and precipitation across the tundra biome\",\"volume\":\"40\",\"issn\":\"1432-2056\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-017-2139-7\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s00300-017-2139-7\",\"abstract\":\"Chronic, low intensity herbivory by invertebrates, termed background herbivory, has been understudied in tundra, yet its impacts are likely to increase in a warmer Arctic. The magnitude of these changes is however hard to predict as we know little about the drivers of current levels of invertebrate herbivory in tundra. We assessed the intensity of invertebrate herbivory on a common tundra plant, the dwarf birch (Betula glandulosa-nana complex), and investigated its relationship to latitude and climate across the tundra biome. Leaf damage by defoliating, mining and gall-forming invertebrates was measured in samples collected from 192 sites at 56 locations. Our results indicate that invertebrate herbivory is nearly ubiquitous across the tundra biome but occurs at low intensity. On average, invertebrates damaged 11.2% of the leaves and removed 1.4% of total leaf area. The damage was mainly caused by external leaf feeders, and most damaged leaves were only slightly affected (12% leaf area lost). Foliar damage was consistently positively correlated with mid-summer (July) temperature and, to a lesser extent, precipitation in the year of data collection, irrespective of latitude. Our models predict that, on average, foliar losses to invertebrates on dwarf birch are likely to increase by 6–7% over the current levels with a 1 °C increase in summer temperatures. Our results show that invertebrate herbivory on dwarf birch is small in magnitude but given its prevalence and dependence on climatic variables, background invertebrate herbivory should be included in predictions of climate change impacts on tundra ecosystems.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"11\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Polar Biology\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Barrio\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Isabel\",\"C.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lindén\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Elin\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Te\",\"Beest\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Mariska\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Olofsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Johan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Rocha\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Adrian\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Soininen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Eeva\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Alatalo\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Juha\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Andersson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Tommi\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Asmus\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ashley\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Boike\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Julia\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bråthen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Kari\",\"Anne\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bryant\"],\"firstnames\":[\"John\",\"P.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Buchwal\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Agata\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bueno\"],\"firstnames\":[\"C.\",\"Guillermo\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Christie\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Katherine\",\"S.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Denisova\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Yulia\",\"V.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Egelkraut\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Dagmar\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ehrich\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Dorothee\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Fishback\"],\"firstnames\":[\"LeeAnn\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Forbes\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Bruce\",\"C.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Gartzia\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Maite\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Grogan\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Paul\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hallinger\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Martin\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Heijmans\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Monique\",\"M.\",\"P.\",\"D.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hik\"],\"firstnames\":[\"David\",\"S.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hofgaard\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Annika\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Holmgren\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Milena\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Høye\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Toke\",\"T.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Huebner\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Diane\",\"C.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jónsdóttir\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ingibjörg\",\"Svala\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kaarlejärvi\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Elina\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kumpula\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Timo\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lange\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Cynthia\",\"Y.\",\"M.\",\"J.\",\"G.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lange\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jelena\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lévesque\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Esther\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Limpens\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Juul\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Macias-Fauria\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Marc\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Myers-Smith\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Isla\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[\"van\"],\"lastnames\":[\"Nieukerken\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Erik\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Normand\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Signe\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Post\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Eric\",\"S.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Schmidt\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Niels\",\"Martin\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sitters\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Judith\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Skoracka\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Anna\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sokolov\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Alexander\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sokolova\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Natalya\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Speed\"],\"firstnames\":[\"James\",\"D.\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Street\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Lorna\",\"E.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sundqvist\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Maja\",\"K.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Suominen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Otso\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Tananaev\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Nikita\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Tremblay\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jean-Pierre\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Urbanowicz\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Christine\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Uvarov\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sergey\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Watts\"],\"firstnames\":[\"David\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Wilmking\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Martin\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Wookey\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Philip\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Zimmermann\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Heike\",\"H.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Zverev\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Vitali\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kozlov\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Mikhail\",\"V.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"November\",\"year\":\"2017\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Background insect herbivory, Climate change, Externally feeding defoliators, Gall makers, Latitudinal Herbivory Hypothesis, Leaf damage, Leaf miners, Macroecological pattern\",\"pages\":\"2265–2278\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{barrio_background_2017,\\n\\ttitle = {Background invertebrate herbivory on dwarf birch ({Betula} glandulosa-nana complex) increases with temperature and precipitation across the tundra biome},\\n\\tvolume = {40},\\n\\tissn = {1432-2056},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-017-2139-7},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s00300-017-2139-7},\\n\\tabstract = {Chronic, low intensity herbivory by invertebrates, termed background herbivory, has been understudied in tundra, yet its impacts are likely to increase in a warmer Arctic. The magnitude of these changes is however hard to predict as we know little about the drivers of current levels of invertebrate herbivory in tundra. We assessed the intensity of invertebrate herbivory on a common tundra plant, the dwarf birch (Betula glandulosa-nana complex), and investigated its relationship to latitude and climate across the tundra biome. Leaf damage by defoliating, mining and gall-forming invertebrates was measured in samples collected from 192 sites at 56 locations. Our results indicate that invertebrate herbivory is nearly ubiquitous across the tundra biome but occurs at low intensity. On average, invertebrates damaged 11.2\\\\% of the leaves and removed 1.4\\\\% of total leaf area. The damage was mainly caused by external leaf feeders, and most damaged leaves were only slightly affected (12\\\\% leaf area lost). Foliar damage was consistently positively correlated with mid-summer (July) temperature and, to a lesser extent, precipitation in the year of data collection, irrespective of latitude. Our models predict that, on average, foliar losses to invertebrates on dwarf birch are likely to increase by 6–7\\\\% over the current levels with a 1 °C increase in summer temperatures. Our results show that invertebrate herbivory on dwarf birch is small in magnitude but given its prevalence and dependence on climatic variables, background invertebrate herbivory should be included in predictions of climate change impacts on tundra ecosystems.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {11},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Polar Biology},\\n\\tauthor = {Barrio, Isabel C. and Lindén, Elin and Te Beest, Mariska and Olofsson, Johan and Rocha, Adrian and Soininen, Eeva M. and Alatalo, Juha M. and Andersson, Tommi and Asmus, Ashley and Boike, Julia and Bråthen, Kari Anne and Bryant, John P. and Buchwal, Agata and Bueno, C. Guillermo and Christie, Katherine S. and Denisova, Yulia V. and Egelkraut, Dagmar and Ehrich, Dorothee and Fishback, LeeAnn and Forbes, Bruce C. and Gartzia, Maite and Grogan, Paul and Hallinger, Martin and Heijmans, Monique M. P. D. and Hik, David S. and Hofgaard, Annika and Holmgren, Milena and Høye, Toke T. and Huebner, Diane C. and Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg Svala and Kaarlejärvi, Elina and Kumpula, Timo and Lange, Cynthia Y. M. J. G. and Lange, Jelena and Lévesque, Esther and Limpens, Juul and Macias-Fauria, Marc and Myers-Smith, Isla and van Nieukerken, Erik J. and Normand, Signe and Post, Eric S. and Schmidt, Niels Martin and Sitters, Judith and Skoracka, Anna and Sokolov, Alexander and Sokolova, Natalya and Speed, James D. M. and Street, Lorna E. and Sundqvist, Maja K. and Suominen, Otso and Tananaev, Nikita and Tremblay, Jean-Pierre and Urbanowicz, Christine and Uvarov, Sergey A. and Watts, David and Wilmking, Martin and Wookey, Philip A. and Zimmermann, Heike H. and Zverev, Vitali and Kozlov, Mikhail V.},\\n\\tmonth = nov,\\n\\tyear = {2017},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Background insect herbivory, Climate change, Externally feeding defoliators, Gall makers, Latitudinal Herbivory Hypothesis, Leaf damage, Leaf miners, Macroecological pattern},\\n\\tpages = {2265--2278},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Barrio, I. C.\",\"Lindén, E.\",\"Te Beest, M.\",\"Olofsson, J.\",\"Rocha, A.\",\"Soininen, E. M.\",\"Alatalo, J. M.\",\"Andersson, T.\",\"Asmus, A.\",\"Boike, J.\",\"Bråthen, K. A.\",\"Bryant, J. P.\",\"Buchwal, A.\",\"Bueno, C. G.\",\"Christie, K. S.\",\"Denisova, Y. V.\",\"Egelkraut, D.\",\"Ehrich, D.\",\"Fishback, L.\",\"Forbes, B. C.\",\"Gartzia, M.\",\"Grogan, P.\",\"Hallinger, M.\",\"Heijmans, M. M. P. D.\",\"Hik, D. S.\",\"Hofgaard, A.\",\"Holmgren, M.\",\"Høye, T. T.\",\"Huebner, D. C.\",\"Jónsdóttir, I. S.\",\"Kaarlejärvi, E.\",\"Kumpula, T.\",\"Lange, C. Y. M. J. G.\",\"Lange, J.\",\"Lévesque, E.\",\"Limpens, J.\",\"Macias-Fauria, M.\",\"Myers-Smith, I.\",\"van Nieukerken, E. J.\",\"Normand, S.\",\"Post, E. S.\",\"Schmidt, N. M.\",\"Sitters, J.\",\"Skoracka, A.\",\"Sokolov, A.\",\"Sokolova, N.\",\"Speed, J. D. M.\",\"Street, L. E.\",\"Sundqvist, M. K.\",\"Suominen, O.\",\"Tananaev, N.\",\"Tremblay, J.\",\"Urbanowicz, C.\",\"Uvarov, S. A.\",\"Watts, D.\",\"Wilmking, M.\",\"Wookey, P. A.\",\"Zimmermann, H. H.\",\"Zverev, V.\",\"Kozlov, M. V.\"],\"key\":\"barrio_background_2017\",\"id\":\"barrio_background_2017\",\"bibbaseid\":\"barrio-lindn-tebeest-olofsson-rocha-soininen-alatalo-andersson-etal-backgroundinvertebrateherbivoryondwarfbirchbetulaglandulosananacomplexincreaseswithtemperatureandprecipitationacrossthetundrabiome-2017\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-017-2139-7\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Background insect herbivory\",\"Climate change\",\"Externally feeding defoliators\",\"Gall makers\",\"Latitudinal Herbivory Hypothesis\",\"Leaf damage\",\"Leaf miners\",\"Macroecological pattern\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Land use influences macroinvertebrate community composition in boreal headwaters through altered stream conditions\",\"volume\":\"46\",\"issn\":\"1654-7209\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-016-0837-y\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s13280-016-0837-y\",\"abstract\":\"Land use is known to alter the nature of land–water interactions, but the potential effects of widespread forest management on headwaters in boreal regions remain poorly understood. We evaluated the importance of catchment land use, land cover, and local stream variables for macroinvertebrate community and functional trait diversity in 18 boreal headwater streams. Variation in macroinvertebrate metrics was often best explained by in-stream variables, primarily water chemistry (e.g. pH). However, variation in stream variables was, in turn, significantly associated with catchment-scale forestry land use. More specifically, streams running through catchments that were dominated by young (11–50 years) forests had higher pH, greater organic matter standing stock, higher abundance of aquatic moss, and the highest macroinvertebrate diversity, compared to streams running through recently clear-cut and old forests. This indicates that catchment-scale forest management can modify in-stream habitat conditions with effects on stream macroinvertebrate communities and that characteristics of younger forests may promote conditions that benefit headwater biodiversity.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"3\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Ambio\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jonsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Micael\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Burrows\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ryan\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lidman\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Johan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Fältström\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Emma\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Laudon\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Hjalmar\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sponseller\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ryan\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"April\",\"year\":\"2017\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Aquatic insects, Biodiversity, Forestry, Functional traits\",\"pages\":\"311–323\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{jonsson_land_2017,\\n\\ttitle = {Land use influences macroinvertebrate community composition in boreal headwaters through altered stream conditions},\\n\\tvolume = {46},\\n\\tissn = {1654-7209},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-016-0837-y},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s13280-016-0837-y},\\n\\tabstract = {Land use is known to alter the nature of land–water interactions, but the potential effects of widespread forest management on headwaters in boreal regions remain poorly understood. We evaluated the importance of catchment land use, land cover, and local stream variables for macroinvertebrate community and functional trait diversity in 18 boreal headwater streams. Variation in macroinvertebrate metrics was often best explained by in-stream variables, primarily water chemistry (e.g. pH). However, variation in stream variables was, in turn, significantly associated with catchment-scale forestry land use. More specifically, streams running through catchments that were dominated by young (11–50 years) forests had higher pH, greater organic matter standing stock, higher abundance of aquatic moss, and the highest macroinvertebrate diversity, compared to streams running through recently clear-cut and old forests. This indicates that catchment-scale forest management can modify in-stream habitat conditions with effects on stream macroinvertebrate communities and that characteristics of younger forests may promote conditions that benefit headwater biodiversity.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {3},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Ambio},\\n\\tauthor = {Jonsson, Micael and Burrows, Ryan M. and Lidman, Johan and Fältström, Emma and Laudon, Hjalmar and Sponseller, Ryan A.},\\n\\tmonth = apr,\\n\\tyear = {2017},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Aquatic insects, Biodiversity, Forestry, Functional traits},\\n\\tpages = {311--323},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Jonsson, M.\",\"Burrows, R. M.\",\"Lidman, J.\",\"Fältström, E.\",\"Laudon, H.\",\"Sponseller, R. A.\"],\"key\":\"jonsson_land_2017\",\"id\":\"jonsson_land_2017\",\"bibbaseid\":\"jonsson-burrows-lidman-fltstrm-laudon-sponseller-landuseinfluencesmacroinvertebratecommunitycompositioninborealheadwatersthroughalteredstreamconditions-2017\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-016-0837-y\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Aquatic insects\",\"Biodiversity\",\"Forestry\",\"Functional traits\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"downloads\":0,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Plant functional types and temperature control carbon input via roots in peatland soils\",\"volume\":\"438\",\"issn\":\"1573-5036\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-019-03958-6\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s11104-019-03958-6\",\"abstract\":\"Northern peatlands store large amounts of soil organic carbon (C) that can be very sensitive to ongoing global warming. Recently it has been shown that temperature-enhanced growth of vascular plants in these typically moss-dominated ecosystems may promote microbial peat decomposition by increased C input via root exudates. To what extent different plant functional types (PFT) and soil temperature interact in controlling root C input is still unclear. In this study we explored how root C input is related to the presence of ericoid shrubs (shrubs) and graminoid sedges (sedges) by means of a factorial plant clipping experiment (= PFT effect) in two peatlands located at different altitude (= temperature effect).\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"1\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Plant and Soil\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Zeh\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Lilli\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Limpens\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Juul\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Erhagen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Björn\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bragazza\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Luca\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kalbitz\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Karsten\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"May\",\"year\":\"2019\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Dissolved organic carbon, Peatland, Root carbon input, Sedges, Shrubs, Soil respiration, Vascular plants, δ 13C\",\"pages\":\"19–38\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{zeh_plant_2019,\\n\\ttitle = {Plant functional types and temperature control carbon input via roots in peatland soils},\\n\\tvolume = {438},\\n\\tissn = {1573-5036},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-019-03958-6},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s11104-019-03958-6},\\n\\tabstract = {Northern peatlands store large amounts of soil organic carbon (C) that can be very sensitive to ongoing global warming. Recently it has been shown that temperature-enhanced growth of vascular plants in these typically moss-dominated ecosystems may promote microbial peat decomposition by increased C input via root exudates. To what extent different plant functional types (PFT) and soil temperature interact in controlling root C input is still unclear. In this study we explored how root C input is related to the presence of ericoid shrubs (shrubs) and graminoid sedges (sedges) by means of a factorial plant clipping experiment (= PFT effect) in two peatlands located at different altitude (= temperature effect).},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {1},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Plant and Soil},\\n\\tauthor = {Zeh, Lilli and Limpens, Juul and Erhagen, Björn and Bragazza, Luca and Kalbitz, Karsten},\\n\\tmonth = may,\\n\\tyear = {2019},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Dissolved organic carbon, Peatland, Root carbon input, Sedges, Shrubs, Soil respiration, Vascular plants, δ 13C},\\n\\tpages = {19--38},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Zeh, L.\",\"Limpens, J.\",\"Erhagen, B.\",\"Bragazza, L.\",\"Kalbitz, K.\"],\"key\":\"zeh_plant_2019\",\"id\":\"zeh_plant_2019\",\"bibbaseid\":\"zeh-limpens-erhagen-bragazza-kalbitz-plantfunctionaltypesandtemperaturecontrolcarboninputviarootsinpeatlandsoils-2019\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-019-03958-6\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Dissolved organic carbon\",\"Peatland\",\"Root carbon input\",\"Sedges\",\"Shrubs\",\"Soil respiration\",\"Vascular plants\",\"δ 13C\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Carbon emission from thermokarst lakes in NE European tundra\",\"volume\":\"66\",\"copyright\":\"© 2020 The Authors. Limnology and Oceanography published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography.\",\"issn\":\"1939-5590\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lno.11560\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/lno.11560\",\"abstract\":\"Emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) from inland waters is recognized as highly important and an understudied part of the terrestrial carbon (C) biogeochemical cycle. These emissions are still poorly quantified in subarctic regions that contain vast amounts of surface C in permafrost peatlands. This is especially true in NE European peatlands, located within sporadic to discontinuous permafrost zones which are highly vulnerable to thaw. Initial measurements of C emissions from lentic waters of the Bolshezemelskaya Tundra (BZT; 200,000 km2) demonstrated sizable CO2 and CH4 concentrations and fluxes to the atmosphere in 98 depressions, thaw ponds, and thermokarst lakes ranging from 0.5 × 106 to 5 × 106 m2 in size. CO2 fluxes decreased by an order of magnitude as waterbody size increased by \\\\textgreater 3 orders of magnitude while CH4 fluxes showed large variability unrelated to lake size. By using a combination of Landsat-8 and GeoEye-1 images, we determined lakes cover 4% of BZT and thus calculated overall C emissions from lentic waters to be 3.8 ± 0.65 Tg C yr−1 (99% C-CO2, 1% C-CH4), which is two times higher than the lateral riverine export. Large lakes dominated GHG emissions whereas small thaw ponds had a minor contribution to overall water surface area and GHG emissions. These data suggest that, if permafrost thaw in NE Europe results in disappearance of large thermokarst lakes and formation of new small thaw ponds and depressions, GHG emissions from lentic waters in this region may decrease.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"S1\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Limnology and Oceanography\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Zabelina\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Svetlana\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Shirokova\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Liudmila\",\"S.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Klimov\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sergey\",\"I.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Chupakov\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Artem\",\"V.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lim\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Artem\",\"G.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Polishchuk\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Yuri\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Polishchuk\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Vladimir\",\"Y.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bogdanov\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Alexander\",\"N.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Muratov\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ildar\",\"N.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Guerin\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Frederic\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Karlsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Pokrovsky\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Oleg\",\"S.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2021\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lno.11560\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource\",\"pages\":\"S216–S230\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{zabelina_carbon_2021,\\n\\ttitle = {Carbon emission from thermokarst lakes in {NE} {European} tundra},\\n\\tvolume = {66},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2020 The Authors. Limnology and Oceanography published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography.},\\n\\tissn = {1939-5590},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lno.11560},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1002/lno.11560},\\n\\tabstract = {Emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) from inland waters is recognized as highly important and an understudied part of the terrestrial carbon (C) biogeochemical cycle. These emissions are still poorly quantified in subarctic regions that contain vast amounts of surface C in permafrost peatlands. This is especially true in NE European peatlands, located within sporadic to discontinuous permafrost zones which are highly vulnerable to thaw. Initial measurements of C emissions from lentic waters of the Bolshezemelskaya Tundra (BZT; 200,000 km2) demonstrated sizable CO2 and CH4 concentrations and fluxes to the atmosphere in 98 depressions, thaw ponds, and thermokarst lakes ranging from 0.5 × 106 to 5 × 106 m2 in size. CO2 fluxes decreased by an order of magnitude as waterbody size increased by {\\\\textgreater} 3 orders of magnitude while CH4 fluxes showed large variability unrelated to lake size. By using a combination of Landsat-8 and GeoEye-1 images, we determined lakes cover 4\\\\% of BZT and thus calculated overall C emissions from lentic waters to be 3.8 ± 0.65 Tg C yr−1 (99\\\\% C-CO2, 1\\\\% C-CH4), which is two times higher than the lateral riverine export. Large lakes dominated GHG emissions whereas small thaw ponds had a minor contribution to overall water surface area and GHG emissions. These data suggest that, if permafrost thaw in NE Europe results in disappearance of large thermokarst lakes and formation of new small thaw ponds and depressions, GHG emissions from lentic waters in this region may decrease.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {S1},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Limnology and Oceanography},\\n\\tauthor = {Zabelina, Svetlana A. and Shirokova, Liudmila S. and Klimov, Sergey I. and Chupakov, Artem V. and Lim, Artem G. and Polishchuk, Yuri M. and Polishchuk, Vladimir Y. and Bogdanov, Alexander N. and Muratov, Ildar N. and Guerin, Frederic and Karlsson, Jan and Pokrovsky, Oleg S.},\\n\\tyear = {2021},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lno.11560},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource},\\n\\tpages = {S216--S230},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Zabelina, S. A.\",\"Shirokova, L. S.\",\"Klimov, S. I.\",\"Chupakov, A. V.\",\"Lim, A. G.\",\"Polishchuk, Y. M.\",\"Polishchuk, V. Y.\",\"Bogdanov, A. N.\",\"Muratov, I. N.\",\"Guerin, F.\",\"Karlsson, J.\",\"Pokrovsky, O. S.\"],\"key\":\"zabelina_carbon_2021\",\"id\":\"zabelina_carbon_2021\",\"bibbaseid\":\"zabelina-shirokova-klimov-chupakov-lim-polishchuk-polishchuk-bogdanov-etal-carbonemissionfromthermokarstlakesinneeuropeantundra-2021\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lno.11560\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Large herbivores on permafrost— a pilot study of grazing impacts on permafrost soil carbon storage in northeastern Siberia\",\"volume\":\"10\",\"issn\":\"2296-665X\",\"url\":\"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2022.893478\",\"doi\":\"10.3389/fenvs.2022.893478\",\"abstract\":\"The risk of carbon emissions from permafrost is linked to an increase in ground temperature and thus in particular to thermal insulation by vegetation, soil layers and snow cover. Ground insulation can be influenced by the presence of large herbivores browsing for food in both winter and summer. In this study, we examine the potential impact of large herbivore presence on the soil carbon storage in a thermokarst landscape in northeastern Siberia. Our aim in this pilot study is to conduct a first analysis on whether intensive large herbivore grazing may slow or even reverse permafrost thaw by affecting thermal insulation through modifying ground cover properties. As permafrost soil temperatures are important for organic matter decomposition, we hypothesize that herbivory disturbances lead to different ground carbon storages. Therefore, we analyzed five sites with a total of three different herbivore grazing intensities on two landscape forms (drained thermokarst basin, Yedoma upland) in Pleistocene Park near Chersky. We measured maximum thaw depth, total organic carbon content,δ13C isotopes , carbon-nitrogen ratios, and sediment grain-size composition as well as ice and water content for each site. We found the thaw depth to be shallower and carbon storage to be higher in intensively grazed areas compared to extensively and non-grazed sites in the same thermokarst basin. First data show that intensive grazing leads to a more stable thermal ground regime and thus to increased carbon storage in the thermokarst deposits and active layer. However, the high carbon content found within the upper 20 cm on intensively grazed sites could also indicate higher carbon input rather than reduced decomposition, which requires further studies including investigations of the hydrology and general ground conditions existing prior to grazing introduction. We explain our findings by intensive animal trampling in winter and vegetation changes, which overcompensate summer ground warming. We conclude that grazing intensity – along with soil substrate and hydrologic conditions – might have a measurable influence on the carbon storage in permafrost soils. Hence the grazing effect should be further investigated for its potential as an actively manageable instrument to reduce net carbon emission from permafrost.\",\"language\":\"English\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Frontiers in Environmental Science\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Windirsch\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Torben\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Grosse\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Guido\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ulrich\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Mathias\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Forbes\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Bruce\",\"C.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Göckede\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Mathias\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Wolter\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Juliane\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Macias-Fauria\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Marc\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Olofsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Johan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Zimov\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Nikita\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Strauss\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jens\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"August\",\"year\":\"2022\",\"note\":\"Publisher: Frontiers\",\"keywords\":\"Animal Husbandry, Climate Change, bio-geo interactions, organic material inventory, rewilding\",\"pages\":\"893478\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{windirsch_large_2022,\\n\\ttitle = {Large herbivores on permafrost— a pilot study of grazing impacts on permafrost soil carbon storage in northeastern {Siberia}},\\n\\tvolume = {10},\\n\\tissn = {2296-665X},\\n\\turl = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2022.893478},\\n\\tdoi = {10.3389/fenvs.2022.893478},\\n\\tabstract = {The risk of carbon emissions from permafrost is linked to an increase in ground temperature and thus in particular to thermal insulation by vegetation, soil layers and snow cover. Ground insulation can be influenced by the presence of large herbivores browsing for food in both winter and summer. In this study, we examine the potential impact of large herbivore presence on the soil carbon storage in a thermokarst landscape in northeastern Siberia. Our aim in this pilot study is to conduct a first analysis on whether intensive large herbivore grazing may slow or even reverse permafrost thaw by affecting thermal insulation through modifying ground cover properties. As permafrost soil temperatures are important for organic matter decomposition, we hypothesize that herbivory disturbances lead to different ground carbon storages. Therefore, we analyzed five sites with a total of three different herbivore grazing intensities on two landscape forms (drained thermokarst basin, Yedoma upland) in Pleistocene Park near Chersky. We measured maximum thaw depth, total organic carbon content,δ13C isotopes , carbon-nitrogen ratios, and sediment grain-size composition as well as ice and water content for each site. We found the thaw depth to be shallower and carbon storage to be higher in intensively grazed areas compared to extensively and non-grazed sites in the same thermokarst basin. First data show that intensive grazing leads to a more stable thermal ground regime and thus to increased carbon storage in the thermokarst deposits and active layer. However, the high carbon content found within the upper 20 cm on intensively grazed sites could also indicate higher carbon input rather than reduced decomposition, which requires further studies including investigations of the hydrology and general ground conditions existing prior to grazing introduction. We explain our findings by intensive animal trampling in winter and vegetation changes, which overcompensate summer ground warming. We conclude that grazing intensity – along with soil substrate and hydrologic conditions – might have a measurable influence on the carbon storage in permafrost soils. Hence the grazing effect should be further investigated for its potential as an actively manageable instrument to reduce net carbon emission from permafrost.},\\n\\tlanguage = {English},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Frontiers in Environmental Science},\\n\\tauthor = {Windirsch, Torben and Grosse, Guido and Ulrich, Mathias and Forbes, Bruce C. and Göckede, Mathias and Wolter, Juliane and Macias-Fauria, Marc and Olofsson, Johan and Zimov, Nikita and Strauss, Jens},\\n\\tmonth = aug,\\n\\tyear = {2022},\\n\\tnote = {Publisher: Frontiers},\\n\\tkeywords = {Animal Husbandry, Climate Change, bio-geo interactions, organic material inventory, rewilding},\\n\\tpages = {893478},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Windirsch, T.\",\"Grosse, G.\",\"Ulrich, M.\",\"Forbes, B. C.\",\"Göckede, M.\",\"Wolter, J.\",\"Macias-Fauria, M.\",\"Olofsson, J.\",\"Zimov, N.\",\"Strauss, J.\"],\"key\":\"windirsch_large_2022\",\"id\":\"windirsch_large_2022\",\"bibbaseid\":\"windirsch-grosse-ulrich-forbes-gckede-wolter-maciasfauria-olofsson-etal-largeherbivoresonpermafrostapilotstudyofgrazingimpactsonpermafrostsoilcarbonstorageinnortheasternsiberia-2022\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2022.893478\"},\"keyword\":[\"Animal Husbandry\",\"Climate Change\",\"bio-geo interactions\",\"organic material inventory\",\"rewilding\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Compositional Stability of the Bacterial Community in a Climate-Sensitive Sub-Arctic Peatland\",\"volume\":\"8\",\"issn\":\"1664-302X\",\"url\":\"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2017.00317/full\",\"doi\":\"10.3389/fmicb.2017.00317\",\"abstract\":\"\\\\textlessp\\\\textgreaterThe climate sensitivity of microbe-mediated soil processes such as carbon and nitrogen cycling offers an interesting case for evaluating the corresponding sensitivity of microbial community composition to environmental change. Better understanding of the degree of linkage between functional and compositional stability would contribute to ongoing efforts to build mechanistic models aiming at predicting rates of microbe-mediated processes. We used an amplicon sequencing approach to test if previously observed large effects of experimental soil warming on C and N cycle fluxes (50–100% increases) in a sub-arctic \\\\textlessitalic\\\\textgreaterSphagnum\\\\textless/italic\\\\textgreater peatland were reflected in changes in the composition of the soil bacterial community. We found that treatments that previously induced changes to fluxes did not associate with changes in the phylogenetic composition of the soil bacterial community. For both DNA- and RNA-based analyses, variation in bacterial communities could be explained by the hierarchy: spatial variation (12–15% of variance explained) &gt; temporal variation (7–11%) &gt; climate treatment (4–9%). We conclude that the bacterial community in this environment is stable under changing conditions, despite the previously observed sensitivity of process rates—evidence that microbe-mediated soil processes can alter without concomitant changes in bacterial communities. We propose that progress in linking soil microbial communities to ecosystem processes can be advanced by further investigating the relative importance of community composition effects versus physico-chemical factors in controlling biogeochemical process rates in different contexts.\\\\textless/p\\\\textgreater\",\"language\":\"English\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Frontiers in Microbiology\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Weedon\"],\"firstnames\":[\"James\",\"T.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kowalchuk\"],\"firstnames\":[\"George\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Aerts\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Rien\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Freriks\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Stef\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Röling\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Wilfred\",\"F.\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[\"van\"],\"lastnames\":[\"Bodegom\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Peter\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"March\",\"year\":\"2017\",\"note\":\"Publisher: Frontiers\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, 16S, Bacteria, Carbon, Climate Change, DNA, Nitrogen, Peatlands, RNA, Seasonality\",\"pages\":\"00317\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{weedon_compositional_2017,\\n\\ttitle = {Compositional {Stability} of the {Bacterial} {Community} in a {Climate}-{Sensitive} {Sub}-{Arctic} {Peatland}},\\n\\tvolume = {8},\\n\\tissn = {1664-302X},\\n\\turl = {https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2017.00317/full},\\n\\tdoi = {10.3389/fmicb.2017.00317},\\n\\tabstract = {{\\\\textless}p{\\\\textgreater}The climate sensitivity of microbe-mediated soil processes such as carbon and nitrogen cycling offers an interesting case for evaluating the corresponding sensitivity of microbial community composition to environmental change. Better understanding of the degree of linkage between functional and compositional stability would contribute to ongoing efforts to build mechanistic models aiming at predicting rates of microbe-mediated processes. We used an amplicon sequencing approach to test if previously observed large effects of experimental soil warming on C and N cycle fluxes (50–100\\\\% increases) in a sub-arctic {\\\\textless}italic{\\\\textgreater}Sphagnum{\\\\textless}/italic{\\\\textgreater} peatland were reflected in changes in the composition of the soil bacterial community. We found that treatments that previously induced changes to fluxes did not associate with changes in the phylogenetic composition of the soil bacterial community. For both DNA- and RNA-based analyses, variation in bacterial communities could be explained by the hierarchy: spatial variation (12–15\\\\% of variance explained) \\\\&gt; temporal variation (7–11\\\\%) \\\\&gt; climate treatment (4–9\\\\%). We conclude that the bacterial community in this environment is stable under changing conditions, despite the previously observed sensitivity of process rates—evidence that microbe-mediated soil processes can alter without concomitant changes in bacterial communities. We propose that progress in linking soil microbial communities to ecosystem processes can be advanced by further investigating the relative importance of community composition effects versus physico-chemical factors in controlling biogeochemical process rates in different contexts.{\\\\textless}/p{\\\\textgreater}},\\n\\tlanguage = {English},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Frontiers in Microbiology},\\n\\tauthor = {Weedon, James T. and Kowalchuk, George A. and Aerts, Rien and Freriks, Stef and Röling, Wilfred F. M. and van Bodegom, Peter M.},\\n\\tmonth = mar,\\n\\tyear = {2017},\\n\\tnote = {Publisher: Frontiers},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, 16S, Bacteria, Carbon, Climate Change, DNA, Nitrogen, Peatlands, RNA, Seasonality},\\n\\tpages = {00317},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Weedon, J. T.\",\"Kowalchuk, G. A.\",\"Aerts, R.\",\"Freriks, S.\",\"Röling, W. F. M.\",\"van Bodegom, P. M.\"],\"key\":\"weedon_compositional_2017\",\"id\":\"weedon_compositional_2017\",\"bibbaseid\":\"weedon-kowalchuk-aerts-freriks-rling-vanbodegom-compositionalstabilityofthebacterialcommunityinaclimatesensitivesubarcticpeatland-2017\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2017.00317/full\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"16S\",\"Bacteria\",\"Carbon\",\"Climate Change\",\"DNA\",\"Nitrogen\",\"Peatlands\",\"RNA\",\"Seasonality\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Anthropogenic forcing of fish boldness and its impacts on ecosystem structure\",\"volume\":\"27\",\"copyright\":\"© 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd\",\"issn\":\"1365-2486\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.15473\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/gcb.15473\",\"abstract\":\"Modified fish behaviors in response to anthropogenic stressors, such as chemicals, microplastics, acoustic emissions and fisheries, are a debated driver of change in freshwater ecosystems and oceans. Our ability to judge the severity of observed behavioral responses is hampered by limited knowledge regarding how subtle behavior modifications in prey fish affect ecosystems. Here we show that anthropogenic stressors affecting fish boldness are not expected to cause population collapse, but rather elusive effects on fish length, population biomass, reproduction and ecosystem state shifts. We use a physiologically structured population model (three trophic levels), well fed with empirical data, to simulate how previously suggested alterations of fish boldness traits due to anthropogenic stressors affect ecosystem structure. Our results suggest that these stressors may cause ecosystem structure effects, such as skewed size distributions, reduced fish biomass and reduced reproduction success, by altering the foraging behavior of fish. However, the specific structure effects depend on where the boldness–shyness continuum change occurs and on the species-specific life stages. The model also highlights somewhat counterintuitive effects leading to possible extinction of predators when the foraging behavior of the prey is hampered. We conclude that anthropogenic forcing of fish behavior may be a hidden mechanism behind ecosystem structure changes in both freshwater and marine ecosystems.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"6\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Global Change Biology\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Wang\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Wei\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Xu\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Nuo\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Zhang\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Lai\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Andersen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ken\",\"H.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Klaminder\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jonatan\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2021\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.15473\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, aquatic ecosystem, behavioral trait, boldness alteration, life history, regime shift, size-structured population model\",\"pages\":\"1239–1249\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{wang_anthropogenic_2021,\\n\\ttitle = {Anthropogenic forcing of fish boldness and its impacts on ecosystem structure},\\n\\tvolume = {27},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2020 John Wiley \\\\& Sons Ltd},\\n\\tissn = {1365-2486},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.15473},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/gcb.15473},\\n\\tabstract = {Modified fish behaviors in response to anthropogenic stressors, such as chemicals, microplastics, acoustic emissions and fisheries, are a debated driver of change in freshwater ecosystems and oceans. Our ability to judge the severity of observed behavioral responses is hampered by limited knowledge regarding how subtle behavior modifications in prey fish affect ecosystems. Here we show that anthropogenic stressors affecting fish boldness are not expected to cause population collapse, but rather elusive effects on fish length, population biomass, reproduction and ecosystem state shifts. We use a physiologically structured population model (three trophic levels), well fed with empirical data, to simulate how previously suggested alterations of fish boldness traits due to anthropogenic stressors affect ecosystem structure. Our results suggest that these stressors may cause ecosystem structure effects, such as skewed size distributions, reduced fish biomass and reduced reproduction success, by altering the foraging behavior of fish. However, the specific structure effects depend on where the boldness–shyness continuum change occurs and on the species-specific life stages. The model also highlights somewhat counterintuitive effects leading to possible extinction of predators when the foraging behavior of the prey is hampered. We conclude that anthropogenic forcing of fish behavior may be a hidden mechanism behind ecosystem structure changes in both freshwater and marine ecosystems.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {6},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Global Change Biology},\\n\\tauthor = {Wang, Wei and Xu, Nuo and Zhang, Lai and Andersen, Ken H. and Klaminder, Jonatan},\\n\\tyear = {2021},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.15473},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, aquatic ecosystem, behavioral trait, boldness alteration, life history, regime shift, size-structured population model},\\n\\tpages = {1239--1249},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Wang, W.\",\"Xu, N.\",\"Zhang, L.\",\"Andersen, K. H.\",\"Klaminder, J.\"],\"key\":\"wang_anthropogenic_2021\",\"id\":\"wang_anthropogenic_2021\",\"bibbaseid\":\"wang-xu-zhang-andersen-klaminder-anthropogenicforcingoffishboldnessanditsimpactsonecosystemstructure-2021\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.15473\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"aquatic ecosystem\",\"behavioral trait\",\"boldness alteration\",\"life history\",\"regime shift\",\"size-structured population model\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Bottom-up and top-down effects of browning and warming on shallow lake food webs\",\"volume\":\"25\",\"copyright\":\"© 2018 John Wiley & Sons Ltd\",\"issn\":\"1365-2486\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.14521\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/gcb.14521\",\"abstract\":\"Productivity and trophic structure of aquatic ecosystems result from a complex interplay of bottom-up and top-down forces that operate across benthic and pelagic food web compartments. Projected global changes urge the question how this interplay will be affected by browning (increasing input of terrestrial dissolved organic matter), nutrient enrichment and warming. We explored this with a process-based model of a shallow lake food web consisting of benthic and pelagic components (abiotic resources, primary producers, grazers, carnivores), and compared model expectations with the results of a browning and warming experiment in nutrient-poor ponds harboring a boreal lake community. Under low nutrient conditions, the model makes three major predictions. (a) Browning reduces light and increases nutrient supply; this decreases benthic and increases pelagic production, gradually shifting productivity from the benthic to the pelagic habitat. (b) Because of active habitat choice, fish exert top-down control on grazers and benefit primary producers primarily in the more productive of the two habitats. (c) Warming relaxes top-down control of grazers by fish and decreases primary producer biomass, but effects of warming are generally small compared to effects of browning and nutrient supply. Experimental results were consistent with most model predictions for browning: light penetration, benthic algal production, and zoobenthos biomass decreased, and pelagic nutrients and pelagic algal production increased with browning. Also consistent with expectations, warming had negative effects on benthic and pelagic algal biomass and weak effects on algal production and zoobenthos and zooplankton biomass. Inconsistent with expectations, browning had no effect on zooplankton and warming effects on fish depended on browning. The model is applicable also to nutrient-rich systems, and we propose that it is a useful tool for the exploration of the consequences of different climate change scenarios for productivity and food web dynamics in shallow lakes, the worldwide most common lake type.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"2\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Global Change Biology\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Vasconcelos\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Francisco\",\"Rivera\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Diehl\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sebastian\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Rodríguez\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Patricia\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hedström\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Per\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Karlsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Byström\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Pär\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2019\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.14521\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, benthic and pelagic habitats, bottom-up and top-down control, browning, food webs, light and nutrients, shallow lake, top predator, warming\",\"pages\":\"504–521\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{vasconcelos_bottom-up_2019,\\n\\ttitle = {Bottom-up and top-down effects of browning and warming on shallow lake food webs},\\n\\tvolume = {25},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2018 John Wiley \\\\& Sons Ltd},\\n\\tissn = {1365-2486},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.14521},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/gcb.14521},\\n\\tabstract = {Productivity and trophic structure of aquatic ecosystems result from a complex interplay of bottom-up and top-down forces that operate across benthic and pelagic food web compartments. Projected global changes urge the question how this interplay will be affected by browning (increasing input of terrestrial dissolved organic matter), nutrient enrichment and warming. We explored this with a process-based model of a shallow lake food web consisting of benthic and pelagic components (abiotic resources, primary producers, grazers, carnivores), and compared model expectations with the results of a browning and warming experiment in nutrient-poor ponds harboring a boreal lake community. Under low nutrient conditions, the model makes three major predictions. (a) Browning reduces light and increases nutrient supply; this decreases benthic and increases pelagic production, gradually shifting productivity from the benthic to the pelagic habitat. (b) Because of active habitat choice, fish exert top-down control on grazers and benefit primary producers primarily in the more productive of the two habitats. (c) Warming relaxes top-down control of grazers by fish and decreases primary producer biomass, but effects of warming are generally small compared to effects of browning and nutrient supply. Experimental results were consistent with most model predictions for browning: light penetration, benthic algal production, and zoobenthos biomass decreased, and pelagic nutrients and pelagic algal production increased with browning. Also consistent with expectations, warming had negative effects on benthic and pelagic algal biomass and weak effects on algal production and zoobenthos and zooplankton biomass. Inconsistent with expectations, browning had no effect on zooplankton and warming effects on fish depended on browning. The model is applicable also to nutrient-rich systems, and we propose that it is a useful tool for the exploration of the consequences of different climate change scenarios for productivity and food web dynamics in shallow lakes, the worldwide most common lake type.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {2},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Global Change Biology},\\n\\tauthor = {Vasconcelos, Francisco Rivera and Diehl, Sebastian and Rodríguez, Patricia and Hedström, Per and Karlsson, Jan and Byström, Pär},\\n\\tyear = {2019},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.14521},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, benthic and pelagic habitats, bottom-up and top-down control, browning, food webs, light and nutrients, shallow lake, top predator, warming},\\n\\tpages = {504--521},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Vasconcelos, F. R.\",\"Diehl, S.\",\"Rodríguez, P.\",\"Hedström, P.\",\"Karlsson, J.\",\"Byström, P.\"],\"key\":\"vasconcelos_bottom-up_2019\",\"id\":\"vasconcelos_bottom-up_2019\",\"bibbaseid\":\"vasconcelos-diehl-rodrguez-hedstrm-karlsson-bystrm-bottomupandtopdowneffectsofbrowningandwarmingonshallowlakefoodwebs-2019\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.14521\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"benthic and pelagic habitats\",\"bottom-up and top-down control\",\"browning\",\"food webs\",\"light and nutrients\",\"shallow lake\",\"top predator\",\"warming\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Frost damage measured by electrolyte leakage in subarctic bryophytes increases with climate warming\",\"volume\":\"112\",\"copyright\":\"© 2023 The Authors. Journal of Ecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Ecological Society.\",\"issn\":\"1365-2745\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1365-2745.14236\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/1365-2745.14236\",\"abstract\":\"Observed climate change in northern high latitudes is strongest in winter, but still relatively little is known about the effects of winter climate change on tundra ecosystems. Ongoing changes in winter climate and snow cover will change the intensity, duration and frequency of frost events. Bryophytes form a major component of northern ecosystems but their responses to winter climate changes are largely unknown. Here, we studied how changes in overall winter climate and snow regime affect frost damage in three common bryophyte taxa that differ in desiccation tolerance in a subarctic tundra ecosystem. We used a snow manipulation experiment where bryophyte cores were transplanted from just above the tree line to similar elevation (i.e. current cold climate) and lower elevation (i.e. near-future warmer climate scenario) in Abisko, Sweden. Here, we measured frost damage in shoots of Ptilidium ciliare, Hylocomium splendens and Sphagnum fuscum with the relative electrolyte leakage (REL) method, during late winter and spring in two consecutive years. We hypothesized that frost damage would be lower in a milder climate (low site) and higher under reduced snow cover and that taxa from moister habitats with assumed low desiccation tolerance would be more sensitive to lower temperature and thinner snow cover than those from drier and more exposed habitats. Contrary to our expectations, frost damage was highest at low elevation, while the effect of snow treatment differed across sites and taxa. At the high site, frost damage was reduced under snow addition in the taxon with the assumed lowest desiccation tolerance, S. fuscum. Surprisingly, frost damage increased with mean temperature in the bryophyte core of the preceding 14 days leading up to REL measurements and decreased with higher frost degree sums, that is, was highest in the milder climate at the low site. Synthesis Our results imply that climate warming in late winter and spring increases frost damage in bryophytes. Given the high abundance of bryophytes in tundra ecosystems, higher frost damage could alter the appearance and functioning of the tundra landscape, although the short and long-term effects on bryophyte fitness remain to be studied.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"2\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Journal of Ecology\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[\"van\"],\"lastnames\":[\"Zuijlen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Kristel\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kassel\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Marlene\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Dorrepaal\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ellen\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lett\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Signe\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2024\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2745.14236\",\"keywords\":\"desiccation tolerance, frost sensitivity, mosses, relative electrolyte leakage (REL), snow manipulation experiment, tundra, winter ecology, ❓ Multiple DOI\",\"pages\":\"220–232\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{van_zuijlen_frost_2024,\\n\\ttitle = {Frost damage measured by electrolyte leakage in subarctic bryophytes increases with climate warming},\\n\\tvolume = {112},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2023 The Authors. Journal of Ecology published by John Wiley \\\\& Sons Ltd on behalf of British Ecological Society.},\\n\\tissn = {1365-2745},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1365-2745.14236},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/1365-2745.14236},\\n\\tabstract = {Observed climate change in northern high latitudes is strongest in winter, but still relatively little is known about the effects of winter climate change on tundra ecosystems. Ongoing changes in winter climate and snow cover will change the intensity, duration and frequency of frost events. Bryophytes form a major component of northern ecosystems but their responses to winter climate changes are largely unknown. Here, we studied how changes in overall winter climate and snow regime affect frost damage in three common bryophyte taxa that differ in desiccation tolerance in a subarctic tundra ecosystem. We used a snow manipulation experiment where bryophyte cores were transplanted from just above the tree line to similar elevation (i.e. current cold climate) and lower elevation (i.e. near-future warmer climate scenario) in Abisko, Sweden. Here, we measured frost damage in shoots of Ptilidium ciliare, Hylocomium splendens and Sphagnum fuscum with the relative electrolyte leakage (REL) method, during late winter and spring in two consecutive years. We hypothesized that frost damage would be lower in a milder climate (low site) and higher under reduced snow cover and that taxa from moister habitats with assumed low desiccation tolerance would be more sensitive to lower temperature and thinner snow cover than those from drier and more exposed habitats. Contrary to our expectations, frost damage was highest at low elevation, while the effect of snow treatment differed across sites and taxa. At the high site, frost damage was reduced under snow addition in the taxon with the assumed lowest desiccation tolerance, S. fuscum. Surprisingly, frost damage increased with mean temperature in the bryophyte core of the preceding 14 days leading up to REL measurements and decreased with higher frost degree sums, that is, was highest in the milder climate at the low site. Synthesis Our results imply that climate warming in late winter and spring increases frost damage in bryophytes. Given the high abundance of bryophytes in tundra ecosystems, higher frost damage could alter the appearance and functioning of the tundra landscape, although the short and long-term effects on bryophyte fitness remain to be studied.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {2},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Journal of Ecology},\\n\\tauthor = {van Zuijlen, Kristel and Kassel, Marlene and Dorrepaal, Ellen and Lett, Signe},\\n\\tyear = {2024},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2745.14236},\\n\\tkeywords = {desiccation tolerance, frost sensitivity, mosses, relative electrolyte leakage (REL), snow manipulation experiment, tundra, winter ecology, ❓ Multiple DOI},\\n\\tpages = {220--232},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"van Zuijlen, K.\",\"Kassel, M.\",\"Dorrepaal, E.\",\"Lett, S.\"],\"key\":\"van_zuijlen_frost_2024\",\"id\":\"van_zuijlen_frost_2024\",\"bibbaseid\":\"vanzuijlen-kassel-dorrepaal-lett-frostdamagemeasuredbyelectrolyteleakageinsubarcticbryophytesincreaseswithclimatewarming-2024\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1365-2745.14236\"},\"keyword\":[\"desiccation tolerance\",\"frost sensitivity\",\"mosses\",\"relative electrolyte leakage (REL)\",\"snow manipulation experiment\",\"tundra\",\"winter ecology\",\"❓ Multiple DOI\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Tundra cryogenic land surface processes and CO2–C balance in sub-Arctic alpine environment withstand winter and spring warming\",\"volume\":\"2\",\"issn\":\"2752-5295\",\"url\":\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2752-5295/acc08b\",\"doi\":\"10.1088/2752-5295/acc08b\",\"abstract\":\"Cryogenic land surface processes (CLSPs), such as cryoturbation, are currently active in landscapes covering 25% of our planet where they dictate key functions, such as carbon (C) cycling, and maintain patterned landscape features. While CLSPs are expected to diminish in the near future due to milder winters especially in the southern parts of the Arctic, the shifts in C cycling in these landscapes may be more complex, since climate change can affect C cycling directly but also indirectly via CLSPs. Here, we study the effects of changing winter and spring climate on CLSPs and C cycling in non-sorted circles consisting of barren frost boils and their vegetated rims. We do this by measuring cryoturbation and ecosystem CO2 fluxes repeatedly in alpine subarctic tundra where temperatures during naturally snow covered period have been experimentally increased with snow-trapping fences and temperatures during winter and spring period after snowmelt have been increased with insulating fleeces. Opposite to our hypothesis, warming treatments did not decrease cryoturbation. However, winter warming via deeper snow increased ecosystem C sink during summer by decreasing ecosystem CO2 release in the frost boils and by counterbalancing the negative effects of cryoturbation on plant CO2 uptake in the vegetated rims. Our results suggest that short-term changes in winter and spring climate may not alter cryoturbation and jeopardize the tundra C sink.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"2\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Environmental Research: Climate\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Väisänen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Maria\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Klaminder\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jonatan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ylänne\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Henni\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Teuber\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Laurenz\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Dorrepaal\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ellen\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Krab\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Eveline\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"March\",\"year\":\"2023\",\"note\":\"Publisher: IOP Publishing\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource\",\"pages\":\"021001\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{vaisanen_tundra_2023,\\n\\ttitle = {Tundra cryogenic land surface processes and {CO2}–{C} balance in sub-{Arctic} alpine environment withstand winter and spring warming},\\n\\tvolume = {2},\\n\\tissn = {2752-5295},\\n\\turl = {https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2752-5295/acc08b},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1088/2752-5295/acc08b},\\n\\tabstract = {Cryogenic land surface processes (CLSPs), such as cryoturbation, are currently active in landscapes covering 25\\\\% of our planet where they dictate key functions, such as carbon (C) cycling, and maintain patterned landscape features. While CLSPs are expected to diminish in the near future due to milder winters especially in the southern parts of the Arctic, the shifts in C cycling in these landscapes may be more complex, since climate change can affect C cycling directly but also indirectly via CLSPs. Here, we study the effects of changing winter and spring climate on CLSPs and C cycling in non-sorted circles consisting of barren frost boils and their vegetated rims. We do this by measuring cryoturbation and ecosystem CO2 fluxes repeatedly in alpine subarctic tundra where temperatures during naturally snow covered period have been experimentally increased with snow-trapping fences and temperatures during winter and spring period after snowmelt have been increased with insulating fleeces. Opposite to our hypothesis, warming treatments did not decrease cryoturbation. However, winter warming via deeper snow increased ecosystem C sink during summer by decreasing ecosystem CO2 release in the frost boils and by counterbalancing the negative effects of cryoturbation on plant CO2 uptake in the vegetated rims. Our results suggest that short-term changes in winter and spring climate may not alter cryoturbation and jeopardize the tundra C sink.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {2},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Environmental Research: Climate},\\n\\tauthor = {Väisänen, Maria and Klaminder, Jonatan and Ylänne, Henni and Teuber, Laurenz and Dorrepaal, Ellen and Krab, Eveline J.},\\n\\tmonth = mar,\\n\\tyear = {2023},\\n\\tnote = {Publisher: IOP Publishing},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource},\\n\\tpages = {021001},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Väisänen, M.\",\"Klaminder, J.\",\"Ylänne, H.\",\"Teuber, L.\",\"Dorrepaal, E.\",\"Krab, E. J.\"],\"key\":\"vaisanen_tundra_2023\",\"id\":\"vaisanen_tundra_2023\",\"bibbaseid\":\"visnen-klaminder-ylnne-teuber-dorrepaal-krab-tundracryogeniclandsurfaceprocessesandco2cbalanceinsubarcticalpineenvironmentwithstandwinterandspringwarming-2023\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2752-5295/acc08b\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Integrating carbon emission, accumulation and transport in inland waters to understand their role in the global carbon cycle\",\"volume\":\"27\",\"copyright\":\"© 2020 The Authors. Global Change Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd\",\"issn\":\"1365-2486\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.15448\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/gcb.15448\",\"abstract\":\"Inland waters receive a significant quantity of carbon (C) from land. The fate of this C during transit, whether it is emitted to the atmosphere, accumulated in sediments or transported to the ocean, can considerably reshape the landscape C balance. However, these different fates of terrestrial C are not independent but are instead linked via several catchment and aquatic processes. Thus, according to mass conservation, any environmental change inducing a shift in a particular C fate should come at the expense of at least one other fate. Nonetheless, studies that have investigated C emission, accumulation and transport concertedly are scarce, resulting in fragmented knowledge of the role of inland waters in the global C cycle. Here, we propose a framework to understand how different C fates in aquatic systems are interlinked and covary under environmental changes. First, to explore how C fates are currently distributed in streams, rivers, reservoirs and lakes, we compiled data from the literature and show that ‘C fate allocation’ varies widely both within and among inland water systems types. Secondly, we developed a framework that integrates C fates in any inland water system by identifying the key processes underlying their linkages. Our framework places the partitioning between the different C forms, and how this is controlled by export from land, internal transformations and hydrology, as central to understanding C fate allocation. We argue that, by focusing on a single fate, studies could risk drawing misleading conclusions regarding how environmental changes will alter the role of inland waters in the global C cycle. Our framework thus allows us to holistically assess the consequences of such changes on coupled C fluxes, setting a foundation for understanding the contemporary and future fate of land-derived C in inland water systems.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"4\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Global Change Biology\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Vachon\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Dominic\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sponseller\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ryan\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Karlsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jan\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2021\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.15448\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, carbon cycle, conceptual framework, coupled fluxes, global change, inland waters, terrestrial carbon fate\",\"pages\":\"719–727\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{vachon_integrating_2021,\\n\\ttitle = {Integrating carbon emission, accumulation and transport in inland waters to understand their role in the global carbon cycle},\\n\\tvolume = {27},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2020 The Authors. Global Change Biology published by John Wiley \\\\& Sons Ltd},\\n\\tissn = {1365-2486},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.15448},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/gcb.15448},\\n\\tabstract = {Inland waters receive a significant quantity of carbon (C) from land. The fate of this C during transit, whether it is emitted to the atmosphere, accumulated in sediments or transported to the ocean, can considerably reshape the landscape C balance. However, these different fates of terrestrial C are not independent but are instead linked via several catchment and aquatic processes. Thus, according to mass conservation, any environmental change inducing a shift in a particular C fate should come at the expense of at least one other fate. Nonetheless, studies that have investigated C emission, accumulation and transport concertedly are scarce, resulting in fragmented knowledge of the role of inland waters in the global C cycle. Here, we propose a framework to understand how different C fates in aquatic systems are interlinked and covary under environmental changes. First, to explore how C fates are currently distributed in streams, rivers, reservoirs and lakes, we compiled data from the literature and show that ‘C fate allocation’ varies widely both within and among inland water systems types. Secondly, we developed a framework that integrates C fates in any inland water system by identifying the key processes underlying their linkages. Our framework places the partitioning between the different C forms, and how this is controlled by export from land, internal transformations and hydrology, as central to understanding C fate allocation. We argue that, by focusing on a single fate, studies could risk drawing misleading conclusions regarding how environmental changes will alter the role of inland waters in the global C cycle. Our framework thus allows us to holistically assess the consequences of such changes on coupled C fluxes, setting a foundation for understanding the contemporary and future fate of land-derived C in inland water systems.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {4},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Global Change Biology},\\n\\tauthor = {Vachon, Dominic and Sponseller, Ryan A. and Karlsson, Jan},\\n\\tyear = {2021},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.15448},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, carbon cycle, conceptual framework, coupled fluxes, global change, inland waters, terrestrial carbon fate},\\n\\tpages = {719--727},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Vachon, D.\",\"Sponseller, R. A.\",\"Karlsson, J.\"],\"key\":\"vachon_integrating_2021\",\"id\":\"vachon_integrating_2021\",\"bibbaseid\":\"vachon-sponseller-karlsson-integratingcarbonemissionaccumulationandtransportininlandwaterstounderstandtheirroleintheglobalcarboncycle-2021\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.15448\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"carbon cycle\",\"conceptual framework\",\"coupled fluxes\",\"global change\",\"inland waters\",\"terrestrial carbon fate\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Methane emission offsets carbon dioxide uptake in a small productive lake\",\"volume\":\"5\",\"copyright\":\"© 2020 The Authors. Limnology and Oceanography Letters published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography.\",\"issn\":\"2378-2242\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lol2.10161\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/lol2.10161\",\"abstract\":\"Here, we investigate the importance of net CH4 production and emissions in the carbon (C) budget of a small productive lake by monitoring CH4, CO2, and O2 for two consecutive years. During the study period, the lake was mostly a net emitter of both CH4 and CO2, while showing positive net ecosystem production. The analyses suggest that during the whole study period, 32% ± 26% of C produced by net ecosystem production was ultimately converted to CH4 and emitted to the atmosphere. When converted to global warming potential, CH4 emission (in CO2 equivalents) was about 3–10 times higher than CO2 removal from in-lake net ecosystem production over 100-yr and 20-yr time frames, respectively. Although more work in similar systems is needed to generalize these findings, our results provide evidence of the important greenhouse gas imbalance in human-impacted aquatic systems.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"6\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Limnology and Oceanography Letters\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Vachon\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Dominic\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Langenegger\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Timon\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Donis\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Daphne\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Beaubien\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Stan\",\"E.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"McGinnis\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Daniel\",\"F.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2020\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lol2.10161\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource\",\"pages\":\"384–392\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{vachon_methane_2020,\\n\\ttitle = {Methane emission offsets carbon dioxide uptake in a small productive lake},\\n\\tvolume = {5},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2020 The Authors. Limnology and Oceanography Letters published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography.},\\n\\tissn = {2378-2242},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lol2.10161},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1002/lol2.10161},\\n\\tabstract = {Here, we investigate the importance of net CH4 production and emissions in the carbon (C) budget of a small productive lake by monitoring CH4, CO2, and O2 for two consecutive years. During the study period, the lake was mostly a net emitter of both CH4 and CO2, while showing positive net ecosystem production. The analyses suggest that during the whole study period, 32\\\\% ± 26\\\\% of C produced by net ecosystem production was ultimately converted to CH4 and emitted to the atmosphere. When converted to global warming potential, CH4 emission (in CO2 equivalents) was about 3–10 times higher than CO2 removal from in-lake net ecosystem production over 100-yr and 20-yr time frames, respectively. Although more work in similar systems is needed to generalize these findings, our results provide evidence of the important greenhouse gas imbalance in human-impacted aquatic systems.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {6},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Limnology and Oceanography Letters},\\n\\tauthor = {Vachon, Dominic and Langenegger, Timon and Donis, Daphne and Beaubien, Stan E. and McGinnis, Daniel F.},\\n\\tyear = {2020},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lol2.10161},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource},\\n\\tpages = {384--392},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Vachon, D.\",\"Langenegger, T.\",\"Donis, D.\",\"Beaubien, S. E.\",\"McGinnis, D. F.\"],\"key\":\"vachon_methane_2020\",\"id\":\"vachon_methane_2020\",\"bibbaseid\":\"vachon-langenegger-donis-beaubien-mcginnis-methaneemissionoffsetscarbondioxideuptakeinasmallproductivelake-2020\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lol2.10161\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Influence of water column stratification and mixing patterns on the fate of methane produced in deep sediments of a small eutrophic lake\",\"volume\":\"64\",\"copyright\":\"© 2019 The Authors. Limnology and Oceanography published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography.\",\"issn\":\"1939-5590\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lno.11172\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/lno.11172\",\"abstract\":\"Methane (CH4), a potent greenhouse gas, is produced in and emitted from lakes at globally significant rates. The drivers controlling the proportion of produced CH4 that will reach the atmosphere, however, are still not well understood. We sampled a small eutrophic lake (Soppensee, Switzerland) in 2016–2017 for CH4 concentrations profiles and emissions, combined with water column hydrodynamics to investigate the fate of CH4 produced in hypolimnetic sediments. Using a mass balance approach for the periods between April and October of both years, net CH4 production rates in hypolimnetic sediments ranged between 11.4 and 17.7 mmol m−2 d−1, of which 66–88% was stored in the hypolimnion, 13–27% was diffused to the epilimnion, and 6–7% left the sediments via ebullition. Combining these results with a process-based model we show that water column turbulent diffusivity (K z) had a major influence on the fate of produced CH4 in the sediments, where higher K z values potentially lead to greater proportion being oxidized and lower K z lead to a greater proportion being stored. During fall when the water column mixes, we found that a greater proportion of stored CH4 is emitted if the lake mixes rapidly, whereas a greater proportion will be oxidized if the water column mixes more gradually. This work highlights the central role of lake hydrodynamics in regulating CH4 dynamics and further suggests the potential for CH4 production and emissions to be sensitive to climate-driven alterations in lake mixing regimes and stratification.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"5\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Limnology and Oceanography\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Vachon\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Dominic\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Langenegger\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Timon\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Donis\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Daphne\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"McGinnis\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Daniel\",\"F.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2019\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lno.11172\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource\",\"pages\":\"2114–2128\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{vachon_influence_2019,\\n\\ttitle = {Influence of water column stratification and mixing patterns on the fate of methane produced in deep sediments of a small eutrophic lake},\\n\\tvolume = {64},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2019 The Authors. Limnology and Oceanography published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography.},\\n\\tissn = {1939-5590},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lno.11172},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1002/lno.11172},\\n\\tabstract = {Methane (CH4), a potent greenhouse gas, is produced in and emitted from lakes at globally significant rates. The drivers controlling the proportion of produced CH4 that will reach the atmosphere, however, are still not well understood. We sampled a small eutrophic lake (Soppensee, Switzerland) in 2016–2017 for CH4 concentrations profiles and emissions, combined with water column hydrodynamics to investigate the fate of CH4 produced in hypolimnetic sediments. Using a mass balance approach for the periods between April and October of both years, net CH4 production rates in hypolimnetic sediments ranged between 11.4 and 17.7 mmol m−2 d−1, of which 66–88\\\\% was stored in the hypolimnion, 13–27\\\\% was diffused to the epilimnion, and 6–7\\\\% left the sediments via ebullition. Combining these results with a process-based model we show that water column turbulent diffusivity (K z) had a major influence on the fate of produced CH4 in the sediments, where higher K z values potentially lead to greater proportion being oxidized and lower K z lead to a greater proportion being stored. During fall when the water column mixes, we found that a greater proportion of stored CH4 is emitted if the lake mixes rapidly, whereas a greater proportion will be oxidized if the water column mixes more gradually. This work highlights the central role of lake hydrodynamics in regulating CH4 dynamics and further suggests the potential for CH4 production and emissions to be sensitive to climate-driven alterations in lake mixing regimes and stratification.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {5},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Limnology and Oceanography},\\n\\tauthor = {Vachon, Dominic and Langenegger, Timon and Donis, Daphne and McGinnis, Daniel F.},\\n\\tyear = {2019},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lno.11172},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource},\\n\\tpages = {2114--2128},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Vachon, D.\",\"Langenegger, T.\",\"Donis, D.\",\"McGinnis, D. F.\"],\"key\":\"vachon_influence_2019\",\"id\":\"vachon_influence_2019\",\"bibbaseid\":\"vachon-langenegger-donis-mcginnis-influenceofwatercolumnstratificationandmixingpatternsonthefateofmethaneproducedindeepsedimentsofasmalleutrophiclake-2019\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lno.11172\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Herbivore Effects on Ecosystem Process Rates in a Low-Productive System\",\"volume\":\"22\",\"issn\":\"1435-0629\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-018-0307-4\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10021-018-0307-4\",\"abstract\":\"Mammalian herbivores shape the structure and function of many nutrient-limited or low-productive terrestrial ecosystems through modification of plant communities and plant–soil feedbacks. In the tundra biome, mammalian herbivores may both accelerate and decelerate plant biomass growth, microbial activity and nutrient cycling, that is, ecosystem process rates. Selective foraging and associated declines of palatable species are known to be major drivers of plant–soil feedbacks. However, declines in dominant plants of low palatability often linked with high herbivore densities may also modify ecosystem process rates, yet have received little attention. We present data from an island experiment with a 10-year vole density manipulation, to test the hypothesis that herbivores accelerate process rates by decreasing the relative abundance of poorly palatable plants to palatable ones. We measured plant species abundances and community composition, nitrogen contents of green plant tissues and multiple soil and litter variables under high and low vole density. Corroborating our hypothesis, periodic high vole density increased ecosystem process rates in low-productive tundra. High vole density was associated with both increasing relative abundance of palatable forbs over unpalatable evergreen dwarf shrubs and higher plant N content both at species and at community level. Changes in plant community composition, in turn, explained variation in microbial activity in litter and soil inorganic nutrient availability. We propose a new conceptual model with two distinct vole–plant–soil feedback pathways. Voles may drive local plant–soil feedbacks that either increase or decrease ecosystem process rates, in turn promoting heterogeneity in vegetation and soils across tundra landscapes.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"4\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Ecosystems\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Tuomi\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Maria\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Stark\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sari\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hoset\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Katrine\",\"S.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Väisänen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Maria\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Oksanen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Lauri\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Murguzur\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Francisco\",\"J.\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Tuomisto\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Hanna\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Dahlgren\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jonas\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bråthen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Kari\",\"Anne\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"June\",\"year\":\"2019\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, NIRS, Northern Fennoscandia, dwarf shrub tundra, microbial activity, microtine rodent, plant community traits, plant–soil interactions, soil N and P\",\"pages\":\"827–843\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{tuomi_herbivore_2019,\\n\\ttitle = {Herbivore {Effects} on {Ecosystem} {Process} {Rates} in a {Low}-{Productive} {System}},\\n\\tvolume = {22},\\n\\tissn = {1435-0629},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-018-0307-4},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s10021-018-0307-4},\\n\\tabstract = {Mammalian herbivores shape the structure and function of many nutrient-limited or low-productive terrestrial ecosystems through modification of plant communities and plant–soil feedbacks. In the tundra biome, mammalian herbivores may both accelerate and decelerate plant biomass growth, microbial activity and nutrient cycling, that is, ecosystem process rates. Selective foraging and associated declines of palatable species are known to be major drivers of plant–soil feedbacks. However, declines in dominant plants of low palatability often linked with high herbivore densities may also modify ecosystem process rates, yet have received little attention. We present data from an island experiment with a 10-year vole density manipulation, to test the hypothesis that herbivores accelerate process rates by decreasing the relative abundance of poorly palatable plants to palatable ones. We measured plant species abundances and community composition, nitrogen contents of green plant tissues and multiple soil and litter variables under high and low vole density. Corroborating our hypothesis, periodic high vole density increased ecosystem process rates in low-productive tundra. High vole density was associated with both increasing relative abundance of palatable forbs over unpalatable evergreen dwarf shrubs and higher plant N content both at species and at community level. Changes in plant community composition, in turn, explained variation in microbial activity in litter and soil inorganic nutrient availability. We propose a new conceptual model with two distinct vole–plant–soil feedback pathways. Voles may drive local plant–soil feedbacks that either increase or decrease ecosystem process rates, in turn promoting heterogeneity in vegetation and soils across tundra landscapes.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {4},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Ecosystems},\\n\\tauthor = {Tuomi, Maria and Stark, Sari and Hoset, Katrine S. and Väisänen, Maria and Oksanen, Lauri and Murguzur, Francisco J. A. and Tuomisto, Hanna and Dahlgren, Jonas and Bråthen, Kari Anne},\\n\\tmonth = jun,\\n\\tyear = {2019},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, NIRS, Northern Fennoscandia, dwarf shrub tundra, microbial activity, microtine rodent, plant community traits, plant–soil interactions, soil N and P},\\n\\tpages = {827--843},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Tuomi, M.\",\"Stark, S.\",\"Hoset, K. S.\",\"Väisänen, M.\",\"Oksanen, L.\",\"Murguzur, F. J. A.\",\"Tuomisto, H.\",\"Dahlgren, J.\",\"Bråthen, K. A.\"],\"key\":\"tuomi_herbivore_2019\",\"id\":\"tuomi_herbivore_2019\",\"bibbaseid\":\"tuomi-stark-hoset-visnen-oksanen-murguzur-tuomisto-dahlgren-etal-herbivoreeffectsonecosystemprocessratesinalowproductivesystem-2019\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-018-0307-4\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"NIRS\",\"Northern Fennoscandia\",\"dwarf shrub tundra\",\"microbial activity\",\"microtine rodent\",\"plant community traits\",\"plant–soil interactions\",\"soil N and P\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Responses of multiple structural and functional indicators along three contrasting disturbance gradients\",\"volume\":\"135\",\"issn\":\"1470-160X\",\"url\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X21011791\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.108514\",\"abstract\":\"Ecosystem functioning and community structure are recognized as key components of ecosystem integrity, but comprehensive, standardized studies of the responses of both structural and functional indicators to different types of anthropogenic pressures remain rare. Consequently, we lack an empirical basis for (i) identifying when monitoring ecosystem structure alone misses important changes in ecosystem functioning, (ii) recommending sets of structural and functional metrics best suited for detecting ecological change driven by different anthropogenic pressures, and (iii) understanding the cumulative effects of multiple, co-occurring stressors on structure and function. We investigated variation in community structure and ecosystem functioning of stream ecosystems along three gradients (10–16 independent stream sites each) of increasing impact arising from agriculture, forestry and river regulation for hydropower, respectively. For each stream, we quantified variation in (i) the abiotic environment, (ii) community composition of four organism groups and (iii) three basal ecosystem processes underpinning carbon and nutrient cycling in streams. We assessed the responsiveness of multiple biodiversity, community structure and ecosystem functioning indicators based on variance explained and effect size metrics. Along a gradient of increasing agricultural impact, diatoms and fish were the most responsive groups overall, but significant variation was detected in at least one aspect of community composition, abundance and/or biodiversity of every organism group . In contrast, most of our functional metrics did not vary significantly along the agricultural gradient, possibly due to contrasting, antagonistic effects of increasing nutrient concentrations and turbidity on ecosystem process rates. The exception was detritivore-mediated litter decomposition which increased up to moderate levels of nutrient. Impacts of river regulation were most marked for diatoms, which were responsive to both increasingly frequent hydropeaking and to increasing seasonal river regulation. Among functional indicators, both litter decomposition and algal biomass accrual declined significantly with increasing hydropeaking. Few structural or functional metrics varied with forest management, with macroinvertebrate diversity increasing along the forestry gradient, as did algal and fungal biomass accrual. Together, these findings highlight the challenges of making inferences about the impacts of anthropogenic disturbances at the ecosystem level based on community data alone, and pinpoint the need to identify optimal sets of functional and structural indicators best suited for detecting ecological changes associated with different human activities.\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Ecological Indicators\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Truchy\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Amélie\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sponseller\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ryan\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ecke\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Frauke\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Angeler\"],\"firstnames\":[\"David\",\"G.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kahlert\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Maria\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bundschuh\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Mirco\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Johnson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Richard\",\"K.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"McKie\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Brendan\",\"G.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"February\",\"year\":\"2022\",\"keywords\":\"Agriculture, Community structure, Ecosystem functioning, Forestry, Multiple stressors, River regulation\",\"pages\":\"108514\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{truchy_responses_2022,\\n\\ttitle = {Responses of multiple structural and functional indicators along three contrasting disturbance gradients},\\n\\tvolume = {135},\\n\\tissn = {1470-160X},\\n\\turl = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X21011791},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.108514},\\n\\tabstract = {Ecosystem functioning and community structure are recognized as key components of ecosystem integrity, but comprehensive, standardized studies of the responses of both structural and functional indicators to different types of anthropogenic pressures remain rare. Consequently, we lack an empirical basis for (i) identifying when monitoring ecosystem structure alone misses important changes in ecosystem functioning, (ii) recommending sets of structural and functional metrics best suited for detecting ecological change driven by different anthropogenic pressures, and (iii) understanding the cumulative effects of multiple, co-occurring stressors on structure and function. We investigated variation in community structure and ecosystem functioning of stream ecosystems along three gradients (10–16 independent stream sites each) of increasing impact arising from agriculture, forestry and river regulation for hydropower, respectively. For each stream, we quantified variation in (i) the abiotic environment, (ii) community composition of four organism groups and (iii) three basal ecosystem processes underpinning carbon and nutrient cycling in streams. We assessed the responsiveness of multiple biodiversity, community structure and ecosystem functioning indicators based on variance explained and effect size metrics. Along a gradient of increasing agricultural impact, diatoms and fish were the most responsive groups overall, but significant variation was detected in at least one aspect of community composition, abundance and/or biodiversity of every organism group . In contrast, most of our functional metrics did not vary significantly along the agricultural gradient, possibly due to contrasting, antagonistic effects of increasing nutrient concentrations and turbidity on ecosystem process rates. The exception was detritivore-mediated litter decomposition which increased up to moderate levels of nutrient. Impacts of river regulation were most marked for diatoms, which were responsive to both increasingly frequent hydropeaking and to increasing seasonal river regulation. Among functional indicators, both litter decomposition and algal biomass accrual declined significantly with increasing hydropeaking. Few structural or functional metrics varied with forest management, with macroinvertebrate diversity increasing along the forestry gradient, as did algal and fungal biomass accrual. Together, these findings highlight the challenges of making inferences about the impacts of anthropogenic disturbances at the ecosystem level based on community data alone, and pinpoint the need to identify optimal sets of functional and structural indicators best suited for detecting ecological changes associated with different human activities.},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Ecological Indicators},\\n\\tauthor = {Truchy, Amélie and Sponseller, Ryan A. and Ecke, Frauke and Angeler, David G. and Kahlert, Maria and Bundschuh, Mirco and Johnson, Richard K. and McKie, Brendan G.},\\n\\tmonth = feb,\\n\\tyear = {2022},\\n\\tkeywords = {Agriculture, Community structure, Ecosystem functioning, Forestry, Multiple stressors, River regulation},\\n\\tpages = {108514},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Truchy, A.\",\"Sponseller, R. A.\",\"Ecke, F.\",\"Angeler, D. G.\",\"Kahlert, M.\",\"Bundschuh, M.\",\"Johnson, R. K.\",\"McKie, B. G.\"],\"key\":\"truchy_responses_2022\",\"id\":\"truchy_responses_2022\",\"bibbaseid\":\"truchy-sponseller-ecke-angeler-kahlert-bundschuh-johnson-mckie-responsesofmultiplestructuralandfunctionalindicatorsalongthreecontrastingdisturbancegradients-2022\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X21011791\"},\"keyword\":[\"Agriculture\",\"Community structure\",\"Ecosystem functioning\",\"Forestry\",\"Multiple stressors\",\"River regulation\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"The emerging role of drought as a regulator of dissolved organic carbon in boreal landscapes\",\"volume\":\"13\",\"copyright\":\"2022 The Author(s)\",\"issn\":\"2041-1723\",\"url\":\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-022-32839-3\",\"doi\":\"10.1038/s41467-022-32839-3\",\"abstract\":\"One likely consequence of global climate change is an increased frequency and intensity of droughts at high latitudes. Here we use a 17-year record from 13 nested boreal streams to examine direct and lagged effects of summer drought on the quantity and quality of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) inputs from catchment soils. Protracted periods of drought reduced DOC concentrations in all catchments but also led to large stream DOC pulses upon rewetting. Concurrent changes in DOC optical properties and chemical character suggest that seasonal drying and rewetting trigger soil processes that alter the forms of carbon supplied to streams. Contrary to expectations, clearest drought effects were observed in larger watersheds, whereas responses were most muted in smaller, peatland-dominated catchments. Collectively, our results indicate that summer drought causes a fundamental shift in the seasonal distribution of DOC concentrations and character, which together operate as primary controls over the ecological and biogeochemical functioning of northern aquatic ecosystems.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"1\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Nature Communications\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Tiwari\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Tejshree\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sponseller\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ryan\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Laudon\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Hjalmar\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"August\",\"year\":\"2022\",\"note\":\"Publisher: Nature Publishing Group\",\"keywords\":\"Carbon cycle, Environmental impact, Hydrology\",\"pages\":\"5125\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{tiwari_emerging_2022,\\n\\ttitle = {The emerging role of drought as a regulator of dissolved organic carbon in boreal landscapes},\\n\\tvolume = {13},\\n\\tcopyright = {2022 The Author(s)},\\n\\tissn = {2041-1723},\\n\\turl = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-022-32839-3},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1038/s41467-022-32839-3},\\n\\tabstract = {One likely consequence of global climate change is an increased frequency and intensity of droughts at high latitudes. Here we use a 17-year record from 13 nested boreal streams to examine direct and lagged effects of summer drought on the quantity and quality of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) inputs from catchment soils. Protracted periods of drought reduced DOC concentrations in all catchments but also led to large stream DOC pulses upon rewetting. Concurrent changes in DOC optical properties and chemical character suggest that seasonal drying and rewetting trigger soil processes that alter the forms of carbon supplied to streams. Contrary to expectations, clearest drought effects were observed in larger watersheds, whereas responses were most muted in smaller, peatland-dominated catchments. Collectively, our results indicate that summer drought causes a fundamental shift in the seasonal distribution of DOC concentrations and character, which together operate as primary controls over the ecological and biogeochemical functioning of northern aquatic ecosystems.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {1},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Nature Communications},\\n\\tauthor = {Tiwari, Tejshree and Sponseller, Ryan A. and Laudon, Hjalmar},\\n\\tmonth = aug,\\n\\tyear = {2022},\\n\\tnote = {Publisher: Nature Publishing Group},\\n\\tkeywords = {Carbon cycle, Environmental impact, Hydrology},\\n\\tpages = {5125},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Tiwari, T.\",\"Sponseller, R. A.\",\"Laudon, H.\"],\"key\":\"tiwari_emerging_2022\",\"id\":\"tiwari_emerging_2022\",\"bibbaseid\":\"tiwari-sponseller-laudon-theemergingroleofdroughtasaregulatorofdissolvedorganiccarboninboreallandscapes-2022\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-022-32839-3\"},\"keyword\":[\"Carbon cycle\",\"Environmental impact\",\"Hydrology\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Predicting the structure and functions of peatland microbial communities from Sphagnum phylogeny, anatomical and morphological traits and metabolites\",\"volume\":\"110\",\"copyright\":\"© 2021 British Ecological Society\",\"issn\":\"1365-2745\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1365-2745.13728\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/1365-2745.13728\",\"abstract\":\"Sphagnum mosses are keystone species in northern peatlands. Notably, they play an important role in peatland carbon (C) cycling by regulating the composition and activity of microbial communities. However, it remains unclear whether information on Sphagnum phylogeny and/or traits-based composition (i.e. anatomical and morphological traits and metabolites) can be used to predict the structure of microbial communities and their functioning. Here we evaluated whether Sphagnum phylogeny and traits predict additional variation in peatland microbial community composition and functioning beyond what would be predicted from environmental characteristics (i.e. climatic and edaphic conditions). We collected Sphagnum and microbial data from five European peatlands distributed along a latitudinal gradient from northern Sweden to southern France. These data allowed us to assess Sphagnum anatomical and morphological traits and metabolites at different sites along changing environmental conditions. Using structural equation modelling (SEM) and phylogenetic distance analyses, we investigated the role of Sphagnum traits in shaping microbial community composition and functioning along with environmental conditions. We show that microbial community composition and traits varied independently from both Sphagnum phylogeny and the latitudinal gradient. Specifically, the addition of Sphagnum traits to climatic and edaphic variables to the SEM allowed it to explain a larger proportion of the explained variance (R2). This observation was most apparent for the biomass of decomposers (+42%) and phototrophs (+19%), as well as for growth yield microbial traits (+10%). As such, that Sphagnum metabolites were important drivers for microbial community structure and traits, while Sphagnum anatomical and morphological traits were poor predictors. Synthesis. Our results highlight that Sphagnum metabolites are more likely to influence peatland microbial food web structure and functioning than Sphagnum anatomical and morphological traits. We provide further evidence that measurements of the plant metabolome, when combined with classical functional traits, improve our understanding of how the plants interact with their associated microbiomes.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"1\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Journal of Ecology\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sytiuk\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Anna\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Céréghino\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Régis\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hamard\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Samuel\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Delarue\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Frédéric\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Guittet\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Amélie\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Barel\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Janna\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Dorrepaal\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ellen\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Küttim\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Martin\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lamentowicz\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Mariusz\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Pourrut\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Bertrand\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Robroek\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Bjorn\",\"J.\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Tuittila\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Eeva-Stiina\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jassey\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Vincent\",\"E.\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2022\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2745.13728\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Sphagnum, functional traits, latitudinal gradient, metabolomics, microbial traits, peatlands, plant and microbial communities, plant–soil (below-ground) interactions\",\"pages\":\"80–96\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{sytiuk_predicting_2022,\\n\\ttitle = {Predicting the structure and functions of peatland microbial communities from {Sphagnum} phylogeny, anatomical and morphological traits and metabolites},\\n\\tvolume = {110},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2021 British Ecological Society},\\n\\tissn = {1365-2745},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1365-2745.13728},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/1365-2745.13728},\\n\\tabstract = {Sphagnum mosses are keystone species in northern peatlands. Notably, they play an important role in peatland carbon (C) cycling by regulating the composition and activity of microbial communities. However, it remains unclear whether information on Sphagnum phylogeny and/or traits-based composition (i.e. anatomical and morphological traits and metabolites) can be used to predict the structure of microbial communities and their functioning. Here we evaluated whether Sphagnum phylogeny and traits predict additional variation in peatland microbial community composition and functioning beyond what would be predicted from environmental characteristics (i.e. climatic and edaphic conditions). We collected Sphagnum and microbial data from five European peatlands distributed along a latitudinal gradient from northern Sweden to southern France. These data allowed us to assess Sphagnum anatomical and morphological traits and metabolites at different sites along changing environmental conditions. Using structural equation modelling (SEM) and phylogenetic distance analyses, we investigated the role of Sphagnum traits in shaping microbial community composition and functioning along with environmental conditions. We show that microbial community composition and traits varied independently from both Sphagnum phylogeny and the latitudinal gradient. Specifically, the addition of Sphagnum traits to climatic and edaphic variables to the SEM allowed it to explain a larger proportion of the explained variance (R2). This observation was most apparent for the biomass of decomposers (+42\\\\%) and phototrophs (+19\\\\%), as well as for growth yield microbial traits (+10\\\\%). As such, that Sphagnum metabolites were important drivers for microbial community structure and traits, while Sphagnum anatomical and morphological traits were poor predictors. Synthesis. Our results highlight that Sphagnum metabolites are more likely to influence peatland microbial food web structure and functioning than Sphagnum anatomical and morphological traits. We provide further evidence that measurements of the plant metabolome, when combined with classical functional traits, improve our understanding of how the plants interact with their associated microbiomes.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {1},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Journal of Ecology},\\n\\tauthor = {Sytiuk, Anna and Céréghino, Régis and Hamard, Samuel and Delarue, Frédéric and Guittet, Amélie and Barel, Janna M. and Dorrepaal, Ellen and Küttim, Martin and Lamentowicz, Mariusz and Pourrut, Bertrand and Robroek, Bjorn J. M. and Tuittila, Eeva-Stiina and Jassey, Vincent E. J.},\\n\\tyear = {2022},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2745.13728},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Sphagnum, functional traits, latitudinal gradient, metabolomics, microbial traits, peatlands, plant and microbial communities, plant–soil (below-ground) interactions},\\n\\tpages = {80--96},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Sytiuk, A.\",\"Céréghino, R.\",\"Hamard, S.\",\"Delarue, F.\",\"Guittet, A.\",\"Barel, J. M.\",\"Dorrepaal, E.\",\"Küttim, M.\",\"Lamentowicz, M.\",\"Pourrut, B.\",\"Robroek, B. J. M.\",\"Tuittila, E.\",\"Jassey, V. E. J.\"],\"key\":\"sytiuk_predicting_2022\",\"id\":\"sytiuk_predicting_2022\",\"bibbaseid\":\"sytiuk-crghino-hamard-delarue-guittet-barel-dorrepaal-kttim-etal-predictingthestructureandfunctionsofpeatlandmicrobialcommunitiesfromsphagnumphylogenyanatomicalandmorphologicaltraitsandmetabolites-2022\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1365-2745.13728\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Sphagnum\",\"functional traits\",\"latitudinal gradient\",\"metabolomics\",\"microbial traits\",\"peatlands\",\"plant and microbial communities\",\"plant–soil (below-ground) interactions\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Responses of tundra plant community carbon flux to experimental warming, dominant species removal and elevation\",\"volume\":\"34\",\"copyright\":\"© 2020 The Authors. Functional Ecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Ecological Society\",\"issn\":\"1365-2435\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1365-2435.13567\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/1365-2435.13567\",\"abstract\":\"Rising temperatures can influence ecosystem processes both directly and indirectly, through effects on plant species and communities. An improved understanding of direct versus indirect effects of warming on ecosystem processes is needed for robust predictions of the impacts of climate change on terrestrial ecosystem carbon (C) dynamics. To explore potential direct and indirect effects of warming on C dynamics in arctic tundra heath, we established a warming (open top chambers) and dominant plant species (Empetrum hermaphroditum Hagerup) removal experiment at a high and low elevation site. We measured the individual and interactive effects of warming, dominant species removal and elevation on plant species cover, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), leaf area index (LAI), temperature, soil moisture and instantaneous net ecosystem CO2 exchange. We hypothesized that ecosystems would be stronger CO2 sinks at the low elevation site, and that warming and species removal would weaken the CO2 sink because warming should increase ecosystem respiration (ER) and species removal should reduce gross primary productivity (GPP). Furthermore, we hypothesized that warming and species removal would have the greatest impact on processes at the high elevation where site temperature should be most limiting and dominant species may buffer the overall community to environmental stress more compared to the low elevation site where plants are more likely to compete with the dominant species. The instantaneous CO2 flux, which reflected a weak CO2 sink, was similar at both elevations. Neither experimental warming nor dominant species removal significantly changed GPP or instantaneous net ecosystem CO2 exchange even though species removal significantly reduced ER, NDVI and LAI. Our results show that even the loss of dominant plant species may not result in significant landscape-scale responses of net ecosystem CO2 exchange to warming. They also show that NDVI and LAI may be limited in their ability to predict changes in GPP in these tundra heaths systems. Our study highlights the need for more detailed vegetation analyses and ground-truthed measurements in order to accurately predict direct and indirect impacts of climatic change on ecosystem C dynamics. A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"7\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Functional Ecology\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sundqvist\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Maja\",\"K.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sanders\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Nathan\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Dorrepaal\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ellen\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lindén\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Elin\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Metcalfe\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Daniel\",\"B.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Newman\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Gregory\",\"S.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Olofsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Johan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Wardle\"],\"firstnames\":[\"David\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Classen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Aimée\",\"T.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2020\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2435.13567\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, carbon, ecosystem respiration, global warming, gross primary productivity, leaf area index, normalized difference vegetation index, plant–plant interactions\",\"pages\":\"1497–1506\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{sundqvist_responses_2020,\\n\\ttitle = {Responses of tundra plant community carbon flux to experimental warming, dominant species removal and elevation},\\n\\tvolume = {34},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2020 The Authors. Functional Ecology published by John Wiley \\\\& Sons Ltd on behalf of British Ecological Society},\\n\\tissn = {1365-2435},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1365-2435.13567},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/1365-2435.13567},\\n\\tabstract = {Rising temperatures can influence ecosystem processes both directly and indirectly, through effects on plant species and communities. An improved understanding of direct versus indirect effects of warming on ecosystem processes is needed for robust predictions of the impacts of climate change on terrestrial ecosystem carbon (C) dynamics. To explore potential direct and indirect effects of warming on C dynamics in arctic tundra heath, we established a warming (open top chambers) and dominant plant species (Empetrum hermaphroditum Hagerup) removal experiment at a high and low elevation site. We measured the individual and interactive effects of warming, dominant species removal and elevation on plant species cover, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), leaf area index (LAI), temperature, soil moisture and instantaneous net ecosystem CO2 exchange. We hypothesized that ecosystems would be stronger CO2 sinks at the low elevation site, and that warming and species removal would weaken the CO2 sink because warming should increase ecosystem respiration (ER) and species removal should reduce gross primary productivity (GPP). Furthermore, we hypothesized that warming and species removal would have the greatest impact on processes at the high elevation where site temperature should be most limiting and dominant species may buffer the overall community to environmental stress more compared to the low elevation site where plants are more likely to compete with the dominant species. The instantaneous CO2 flux, which reflected a weak CO2 sink, was similar at both elevations. Neither experimental warming nor dominant species removal significantly changed GPP or instantaneous net ecosystem CO2 exchange even though species removal significantly reduced ER, NDVI and LAI. Our results show that even the loss of dominant plant species may not result in significant landscape-scale responses of net ecosystem CO2 exchange to warming. They also show that NDVI and LAI may be limited in their ability to predict changes in GPP in these tundra heaths systems. Our study highlights the need for more detailed vegetation analyses and ground-truthed measurements in order to accurately predict direct and indirect impacts of climatic change on ecosystem C dynamics. A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {7},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Functional Ecology},\\n\\tauthor = {Sundqvist, Maja K. and Sanders, Nathan J. and Dorrepaal, Ellen and Lindén, Elin and Metcalfe, Daniel B. and Newman, Gregory S. and Olofsson, Johan and Wardle, David A. and Classen, Aimée T.},\\n\\tyear = {2020},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2435.13567},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, carbon, ecosystem respiration, global warming, gross primary productivity, leaf area index, normalized difference vegetation index, plant–plant interactions},\\n\\tpages = {1497--1506},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Sundqvist, M. K.\",\"Sanders, N. J.\",\"Dorrepaal, E.\",\"Lindén, E.\",\"Metcalfe, D. B.\",\"Newman, G. S.\",\"Olofsson, J.\",\"Wardle, D. A.\",\"Classen, A. T.\"],\"key\":\"sundqvist_responses_2020\",\"id\":\"sundqvist_responses_2020\",\"bibbaseid\":\"sundqvist-sanders-dorrepaal-lindn-metcalfe-newman-olofsson-wardle-etal-responsesoftundraplantcommunitycarbonfluxtoexperimentalwarmingdominantspeciesremovalandelevation-2020\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1365-2435.13567\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"carbon\",\"ecosystem respiration\",\"global warming\",\"gross primary productivity\",\"leaf area index\",\"normalized difference vegetation index\",\"plant–plant interactions\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Earthworm-Driven Changes in Soil Chemico-Physical Properties, Soil Bacterial Microbiota, Tree/Tea Litter Decomposition, and Plant Growth in a Mesocosm Experiment with Two Plant Species\",\"volume\":\"12\",\"copyright\":\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/\",\"issn\":\"2223-7747\",\"url\":\"https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/6/1216\",\"doi\":\"10.3390/plants12061216\",\"abstract\":\"Earthworms and soil microorganisms contribute to soil health, quality, and fertility, but their importance in agricultural soils is often underestimated. This study aims at examining whether and to what extent the presence of earthworms (Eisenia sp.) affected the (a) soil bacterial community composition, (b) litter decomposition, and (c) plant growth (Brassica oleracea L., broccoli; Vicia faba L., faba bean). We performed a mesocosm experiment in which plants were grown outdoors for four months with or without earthworms. Soil bacterial community structure was evaluated by a 16S rRNA-based metabarcoding approach. Litter decomposition rates were determined by using the tea bag index (TBI) and litter bags (olive residues). Earthworm numbers almost doubled throughout the experimental period. Independently of the plant species, earthworm presence had a significant impact on the structure of soil bacterial community, in terms of enhanced α- and β-diversity (especially that of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, Myxococcota, and Verrucomicrobia) and increased 16S rRNA gene abundance (+89% in broccoli and +223% in faba bean). Microbial decomposition (TBI) was enhanced in the treatments with earthworms, and showed a significantly higher decomposition rate constant (kTBI) and a lower stabilization factor (STBI), whereas decomposition in the litter bags (dlitter) increased by about 6% in broccoli and 5% in faba bean. Earthworms significantly enhanced root growth (in terms of total length and fresh weight) of both plant species. Our results show the strong influence of earthworms and crop identity in shaping soil chemico-physical properties, soil bacterial community, litter decomposition and plant growth. These findings could be used for developing nature-based solutions that ensure the long-term biological sustainability of soil agro- and natural ecosystems.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"6\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Plants\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sofo\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Adriano\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Khanghahi\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Mohammad\",\"Yaghoubi\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Curci\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Maddalena\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Reyes\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Francesco\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Briones\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Maria\",\"J.\",\"I.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sarneel\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Judith\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Cardinale\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Domenico\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Crecchio\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Carmine\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"January\",\"year\":\"2023\",\"note\":\"Number: 6 Publisher: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute\",\"keywords\":\"<i>Eisenia</i> sp., Tea Bag Index, carbon/nitrogen ratio, olive litter, soil bacteria, soil chemico-physical properties, soil sustainable management\",\"pages\":\"1216\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{sofo_earthworm-driven_2023,\\n\\ttitle = {Earthworm-{Driven} {Changes} in {Soil} {Chemico}-{Physical} {Properties}, {Soil} {Bacterial} {Microbiota}, {Tree}/{Tea} {Litter} {Decomposition}, and {Plant} {Growth} in a {Mesocosm} {Experiment} with {Two} {Plant} {Species}},\\n\\tvolume = {12},\\n\\tcopyright = {http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/},\\n\\tissn = {2223-7747},\\n\\turl = {https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/6/1216},\\n\\tdoi = {10.3390/plants12061216},\\n\\tabstract = {Earthworms and soil microorganisms contribute to soil health, quality, and fertility, but their importance in agricultural soils is often underestimated. This study aims at examining whether and to what extent the presence of earthworms (Eisenia sp.) affected the (a) soil bacterial community composition, (b) litter decomposition, and (c) plant growth (Brassica oleracea L., broccoli; Vicia faba L., faba bean). We performed a mesocosm experiment in which plants were grown outdoors for four months with or without earthworms. Soil bacterial community structure was evaluated by a 16S rRNA-based metabarcoding approach. Litter decomposition rates were determined by using the tea bag index (TBI) and litter bags (olive residues). Earthworm numbers almost doubled throughout the experimental period. Independently of the plant species, earthworm presence had a significant impact on the structure of soil bacterial community, in terms of enhanced α- and β-diversity (especially that of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, Myxococcota, and Verrucomicrobia) and increased 16S rRNA gene abundance (+89\\\\% in broccoli and +223\\\\% in faba bean). Microbial decomposition (TBI) was enhanced in the treatments with earthworms, and showed a significantly higher decomposition rate constant (kTBI) and a lower stabilization factor (STBI), whereas decomposition in the litter bags (dlitter) increased by about 6\\\\% in broccoli and 5\\\\% in faba bean. Earthworms significantly enhanced root growth (in terms of total length and fresh weight) of both plant species. Our results show the strong influence of earthworms and crop identity in shaping soil chemico-physical properties, soil bacterial community, litter decomposition and plant growth. These findings could be used for developing nature-based solutions that ensure the long-term biological sustainability of soil agro- and natural ecosystems.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {6},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Plants},\\n\\tauthor = {Sofo, Adriano and Khanghahi, Mohammad Yaghoubi and Curci, Maddalena and Reyes, Francesco and Briones, Maria J. I. and Sarneel, Judith M. and Cardinale, Domenico and Crecchio, Carmine},\\n\\tmonth = jan,\\n\\tyear = {2023},\\n\\tnote = {Number: 6\\nPublisher: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\textit{Eisenia} sp., Tea Bag Index, carbon/nitrogen ratio, olive litter, soil bacteria, soil chemico-physical properties, soil sustainable management},\\n\\tpages = {1216},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Sofo, A.\",\"Khanghahi, M. Y.\",\"Curci, M.\",\"Reyes, F.\",\"Briones, M. J. I.\",\"Sarneel, J. M.\",\"Cardinale, D.\",\"Crecchio, C.\"],\"key\":\"sofo_earthworm-driven_2023\",\"id\":\"sofo_earthworm-driven_2023\",\"bibbaseid\":\"sofo-khanghahi-curci-reyes-briones-sarneel-cardinale-crecchio-earthwormdrivenchangesinsoilchemicophysicalpropertiessoilbacterialmicrobiotatreetealitterdecompositionandplantgrowthinamesocosmexperimentwithtwoplantspecies-2023\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/6/1216\"},\"keyword\":[\"<i>Eisenia</i> sp.\",\"Tea Bag Index\",\"carbon/nitrogen ratio\",\"olive litter\",\"soil bacteria\",\"soil chemico-physical properties\",\"soil sustainable management\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Differential Trends in Iron Concentrations of Boreal Streams Linked to Catchment Characteristics\",\"volume\":\"37\",\"copyright\":\"© 2023. The Authors.\",\"issn\":\"1944-9224\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2022GB007484\",\"doi\":\"10.1029/2022GB007484\",\"abstract\":\"Increasing iron (Fe) concentrations have been reported for freshwaters across northern Europe over the last decades. This increase, together with elevated concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), leads to browning of freshwaters, which affects aquatic organisms, ecosystem functioning, biogeochemical cycles, and brings challenges to drinking water production. However, how such increasing trends in stream Fe concentrations reflect the contribution of different catchment sources remains poorly resolved. Here, we explored how catchment characteristics, that is, mires and coniferous soils, regulate spatial and temporal patterns of Fe in a boreal stream network. For this, we determined Fe speciation in riparian and mire soils, and studied temporal Fe dynamics in soil-water and stream-water over a span of 18 years. Positive Fe trends were found in the solution of the riparian soil, while no long-term trend was observed in the mire. These differences were reflected in stream-water, where three headwater streams dominated by coniferous cover also displayed positive Fe trends, whereas the mire dominated stream showed no trend. Surprisingly, the majority of higher order streams showed declining Fe trends, despite long-term increases in DOC. In addition, we found that an extreme drought event led to a prolonged release of Fe and DOC from the riparian soils, that could have long-term effects on stream Fe concentrations. Our results show that riparian forest soils can be major contributors to ongoing increases in freshwater Fe concentrations and that drought can further promote the release of Fe from organic soils.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"3\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Global Biogeochemical Cycles\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Škerlep\"],\"firstnames\":[\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Nehzati\"],\"firstnames\":[\"S.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sponseller\"],\"firstnames\":[\"R.\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Persson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"P.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Laudon\"],\"firstnames\":[\"H.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kritzberg\"],\"firstnames\":[\"E.\",\"S.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2023\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2022GB007484\",\"keywords\":\"browning, catchment, iron, mire, riparian zone, stream\",\"pages\":\"e2022GB007484\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{skerlep_differential_2023,\\n\\ttitle = {Differential {Trends} in {Iron} {Concentrations} of {Boreal} {Streams} {Linked} to {Catchment} {Characteristics}},\\n\\tvolume = {37},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2023. The Authors.},\\n\\tissn = {1944-9224},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2022GB007484},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1029/2022GB007484},\\n\\tabstract = {Increasing iron (Fe) concentrations have been reported for freshwaters across northern Europe over the last decades. This increase, together with elevated concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), leads to browning of freshwaters, which affects aquatic organisms, ecosystem functioning, biogeochemical cycles, and brings challenges to drinking water production. However, how such increasing trends in stream Fe concentrations reflect the contribution of different catchment sources remains poorly resolved. Here, we explored how catchment characteristics, that is, mires and coniferous soils, regulate spatial and temporal patterns of Fe in a boreal stream network. For this, we determined Fe speciation in riparian and mire soils, and studied temporal Fe dynamics in soil-water and stream-water over a span of 18 years. Positive Fe trends were found in the solution of the riparian soil, while no long-term trend was observed in the mire. These differences were reflected in stream-water, where three headwater streams dominated by coniferous cover also displayed positive Fe trends, whereas the mire dominated stream showed no trend. Surprisingly, the majority of higher order streams showed declining Fe trends, despite long-term increases in DOC. In addition, we found that an extreme drought event led to a prolonged release of Fe and DOC from the riparian soils, that could have long-term effects on stream Fe concentrations. Our results show that riparian forest soils can be major contributors to ongoing increases in freshwater Fe concentrations and that drought can further promote the release of Fe from organic soils.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {3},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles},\\n\\tauthor = {Škerlep, M. and Nehzati, S. and Sponseller, R. A. and Persson, P. and Laudon, H. and Kritzberg, E. S.},\\n\\tyear = {2023},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2022GB007484},\\n\\tkeywords = {browning, catchment, iron, mire, riparian zone, stream},\\n\\tpages = {e2022GB007484},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Škerlep, M.\",\"Nehzati, S.\",\"Sponseller, R. A.\",\"Persson, P.\",\"Laudon, H.\",\"Kritzberg, E. S.\"],\"key\":\"skerlep_differential_2023\",\"id\":\"skerlep_differential_2023\",\"bibbaseid\":\"kerlep-nehzati-sponseller-persson-laudon-kritzberg-differentialtrendsinironconcentrationsofborealstreamslinkedtocatchmentcharacteristics-2023\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2022GB007484\"},\"keyword\":[\"browning\",\"catchment\",\"iron\",\"mire\",\"riparian zone\",\"stream\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Hot trends and impact in permafrost science\",\"volume\":\"31\",\"copyright\":\"© 2020 The Authors. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd\",\"issn\":\"1099-1530\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ppp.2047\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/ppp.2047\",\"abstract\":\"An increased interest in Arctic environments, mainly due to climate change, has changed the conditions for permafrost research in recent years. This change has been accompanied by a global increase in scientific publications, as well as a trend towards open access publications. We have analyzed abstracts, titles and keywords for publications on permafrost from 1998 to 2017 to identify developments (topics, impact and collaboration) in the field of permafrost research in light of these changes. Furthermore, to understand how scientists build on and are inspired by each other's work, we have (a) developed citation networks from scientific publications on permafrost and (b) conducted an online survey on inspiration in permafrost science. Our results show an almost 400% increase in publications containing the word permafrost in the title, keywords or abstract over the study period, and a strong increase in climate-change-related research in terms of publications and citations. Survey respondents (n = 122) find inspiration not only in scientific journal publications, but to a large extent in books and public outreach materials. We argue that this increase in global-scope issues (i.e., climate change) complementing core permafrost research has provided new incentives for international collaborations and wider communication efforts.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"4\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Permafrost and Periglacial Processes\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sjöberg\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ylva\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Siewert\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Matthias\",\"B.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Rudy\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ashley\",\"C.A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Paquette\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Michel\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bouchard\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Frédéric\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Malenfant-Lepage\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Julie\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Fritz\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Michael\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2020\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ppp.2047\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Arctic, bibliometrics, climate change, inspiration, open access, publication trends, science communication\",\"pages\":\"461–471\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{sjoberg_hot_2020,\\n\\ttitle = {Hot trends and impact in permafrost science},\\n\\tvolume = {31},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2020 The Authors. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes published by John Wiley \\\\& Sons Ltd},\\n\\tissn = {1099-1530},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ppp.2047},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1002/ppp.2047},\\n\\tabstract = {An increased interest in Arctic environments, mainly due to climate change, has changed the conditions for permafrost research in recent years. This change has been accompanied by a global increase in scientific publications, as well as a trend towards open access publications. We have analyzed abstracts, titles and keywords for publications on permafrost from 1998 to 2017 to identify developments (topics, impact and collaboration) in the field of permafrost research in light of these changes. Furthermore, to understand how scientists build on and are inspired by each other's work, we have (a) developed citation networks from scientific publications on permafrost and (b) conducted an online survey on inspiration in permafrost science. Our results show an almost 400\\\\% increase in publications containing the word permafrost in the title, keywords or abstract over the study period, and a strong increase in climate-change-related research in terms of publications and citations. Survey respondents (n = 122) find inspiration not only in scientific journal publications, but to a large extent in books and public outreach materials. We argue that this increase in global-scope issues (i.e., climate change) complementing core permafrost research has provided new incentives for international collaborations and wider communication efforts.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {4},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Permafrost and Periglacial Processes},\\n\\tauthor = {Sjöberg, Ylva and Siewert, Matthias B. and Rudy, Ashley C.A. and Paquette, Michel and Bouchard, Frédéric and Malenfant-Lepage, Julie and Fritz, Michael},\\n\\tyear = {2020},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ppp.2047},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Arctic, bibliometrics, climate change, inspiration, open access, publication trends, science communication},\\n\\tpages = {461--471},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Sjöberg, Y.\",\"Siewert, M. B.\",\"Rudy, A. C.\",\"Paquette, M.\",\"Bouchard, F.\",\"Malenfant-Lepage, J.\",\"Fritz, M.\"],\"key\":\"sjoberg_hot_2020\",\"id\":\"sjoberg_hot_2020\",\"bibbaseid\":\"sjberg-siewert-rudy-paquette-bouchard-malenfantlepage-fritz-hottrendsandimpactinpermafrostscience-2020\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ppp.2047\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Arctic\",\"bibliometrics\",\"climate change\",\"inspiration\",\"open access\",\"publication trends\",\"science communication\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Long-term heavy reindeer grazing promotes plant phosphorus limitation in arctic tundra\",\"volume\":\"33\",\"copyright\":\"© 2019 The Authors. Functional Ecology © 2019 British Ecological Society\",\"issn\":\"1365-2435\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1365-2435.13342\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/1365-2435.13342\",\"abstract\":\"The potential of large mammalian herbivores to shift plant communities between nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) limitation has received little attention so far. However, herbivores can influence the cycling of these growth-limiting nutrients, and thereby affect plant nutrient limitation and productivity. Tundra ecosystems are nutrient-poor and commonly grazed by large herbivores like reindeer and may thus be responsive to such changes. Here, we examined the effect of long-term light and heavy reindeer grazing on nutrient limitation of plant growth in a Scandinavian arctic tundra. We are the first to conduct a factorial N and P fertilization experiment across the two grazing regimes in two functionally contrasting vegetation types: heath and meadow. Annual primary productivity (APP) showed contrasting responses to our fertilization treatments under light and heavy grazing. Under light grazing, APP increased in response to N + P additions in both the heath and meadow. Under heavy grazing, APP increased in response to N in the heath, with an additional positive effect of N + P combined, while APP increased in response to P and N + P additions in the meadow. These results clearly show that an increase in the grazing intensity of reindeer facilitated a shift towards more P-limited conditions in Scandinavian arctic tundra, by increasing N cycling without having a corresponding positive effect on P cycling. In the N-poor heath, reindeer increased soil N availability at least partly due to a shift towards more N-rich graminoids, while in the meadow, reindeer decreased soil P availability. The mechanisms behind this decrease remain unclear, but reindeer may simply export more P from the system than N due to their large P demand for the production of their antlers. Synthesis. We conclude that heavy and long-term reindeer grazing promoted a more P-limited tundra, thus experimentally confirming the potential of large mammalian herbivores to influence nutrient limitation of plant growth. A plain language summary is available for this article.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"7\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Functional Ecology\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sitters\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Judith\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Cherif\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Mehdi\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Egelkraut\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Dagmar\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Giesler\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Reiner\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Olofsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Johan\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2019\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2435.13342\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Fertilization experiment, fertilization experiment, herbivory, nitrogen, nutrient limitation, plant-herbivore interactions, plant–herbivore interactions, primary productivity, stoichiometry\",\"pages\":\"1233–1242\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{sitters_long-term_2019,\\n\\ttitle = {Long-term heavy reindeer grazing promotes plant phosphorus limitation in arctic tundra},\\n\\tvolume = {33},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2019 The Authors. Functional Ecology © 2019 British Ecological Society},\\n\\tissn = {1365-2435},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1365-2435.13342},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/1365-2435.13342},\\n\\tabstract = {The potential of large mammalian herbivores to shift plant communities between nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) limitation has received little attention so far. However, herbivores can influence the cycling of these growth-limiting nutrients, and thereby affect plant nutrient limitation and productivity. Tundra ecosystems are nutrient-poor and commonly grazed by large herbivores like reindeer and may thus be responsive to such changes. Here, we examined the effect of long-term light and heavy reindeer grazing on nutrient limitation of plant growth in a Scandinavian arctic tundra. We are the first to conduct a factorial N and P fertilization experiment across the two grazing regimes in two functionally contrasting vegetation types: heath and meadow. Annual primary productivity (APP) showed contrasting responses to our fertilization treatments under light and heavy grazing. Under light grazing, APP increased in response to N + P additions in both the heath and meadow. Under heavy grazing, APP increased in response to N in the heath, with an additional positive effect of N + P combined, while APP increased in response to P and N + P additions in the meadow. These results clearly show that an increase in the grazing intensity of reindeer facilitated a shift towards more P-limited conditions in Scandinavian arctic tundra, by increasing N cycling without having a corresponding positive effect on P cycling. In the N-poor heath, reindeer increased soil N availability at least partly due to a shift towards more N-rich graminoids, while in the meadow, reindeer decreased soil P availability. The mechanisms behind this decrease remain unclear, but reindeer may simply export more P from the system than N due to their large P demand for the production of their antlers. Synthesis. We conclude that heavy and long-term reindeer grazing promoted a more P-limited tundra, thus experimentally confirming the potential of large mammalian herbivores to influence nutrient limitation of plant growth. A plain language summary is available for this article.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {7},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Functional Ecology},\\n\\tauthor = {Sitters, Judith and Cherif, Mehdi and Egelkraut, Dagmar and Giesler, Reiner and Olofsson, Johan},\\n\\tyear = {2019},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2435.13342},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Fertilization experiment, fertilization experiment, herbivory, nitrogen, nutrient limitation, plant-herbivore interactions, plant–herbivore interactions, primary productivity, stoichiometry},\\n\\tpages = {1233--1242},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Sitters, J.\",\"Cherif, M.\",\"Egelkraut, D.\",\"Giesler, R.\",\"Olofsson, J.\"],\"key\":\"sitters_long-term_2019\",\"id\":\"sitters_long-term_2019\",\"bibbaseid\":\"sitters-cherif-egelkraut-giesler-olofsson-longtermheavyreindeergrazingpromotesplantphosphoruslimitationinarctictundra-2019\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1365-2435.13342\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Fertilization experiment\",\"fertilization experiment\",\"herbivory\",\"nitrogen\",\"nutrient limitation\",\"plant-herbivore interactions\",\"plant–herbivore interactions\",\"primary productivity\",\"stoichiometry\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Scale-dependency of Arctic ecosystem properties revealed by UAV\",\"volume\":\"15\",\"issn\":\"1748-9326\",\"url\":\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aba20b\",\"doi\":\"10.1088/1748-9326/aba20b\",\"abstract\":\"In the face of climate change, it is important to estimate changes in key ecosystem properties such as plant biomass and gross primary productivity (GPP). Ground truth estimates and especially experiments are performed at small spatial scales (0.01–1 m2) and scaled up using coarse scale satellite remote sensing products. This will lead to a scaling bias for non-linearly related properties in heterogeneous environments when the relationships are not developed at the same spatial scale as the remote sensing products. We show that unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can reliably measure normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) at centimeter resolution even in highly heterogeneous Arctic tundra terrain. This reveals that this scaling bias increases most at very fine resolution, but UAVs can overcome this by generating remote sensing products at the same scales as ecological changes occur. Using ground truth data generated at 0.0625 m2 and 1 m2 with Landsat 30 m scale satellite imagery the resulting underestimation is large (8.9%–17.0% for biomass and 5.0%–9.7% for GPP600) and of a magnitude comparable to the expected effects of decades of climate change. Methods to correct this upscaling bias exist but rely on sub-pixel information. Our data shows that this scale-dependency will vary strongly between areas and across seasons, making it hard to derive generalized functions compensating for it. This is particularly relevant to Arctic greening with a predominantly heterogeneous land cover, strong seasonality and much experimental research at sub-meter scale, but also applies to other heterogeneous landscapes. These results demonstrate the value of UAVs for satellite validation. UAVs can bridge between plot scale used in ecological field investigations and coarse scale in satellite monitoring relevant for Earth System Models. Since future climate changes are expected to alter landscape heterogeneity, seasonally updated UAV imagery will be an essential tool to correctly predict landscape-scale changes in ecosystem properties.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"9\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Environmental Research Letters\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Siewert\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Matthias\",\"B.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Olofsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Johan\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"August\",\"year\":\"2020\",\"note\":\"Publisher: IOP Publishing\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource\",\"pages\":\"094030\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{siewert_scale-dependency_2020,\\n\\ttitle = {Scale-dependency of {Arctic} ecosystem properties revealed by {UAV}},\\n\\tvolume = {15},\\n\\tissn = {1748-9326},\\n\\turl = {https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aba20b},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1088/1748-9326/aba20b},\\n\\tabstract = {In the face of climate change, it is important to estimate changes in key ecosystem properties such as plant biomass and gross primary productivity (GPP). Ground truth estimates and especially experiments are performed at small spatial scales (0.01–1 m2) and scaled up using coarse scale satellite remote sensing products. This will lead to a scaling bias for non-linearly related properties in heterogeneous environments when the relationships are not developed at the same spatial scale as the remote sensing products. We show that unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can reliably measure normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) at centimeter resolution even in highly heterogeneous Arctic tundra terrain. This reveals that this scaling bias increases most at very fine resolution, but UAVs can overcome this by generating remote sensing products at the same scales as ecological changes occur. Using ground truth data generated at 0.0625 m2 and 1 m2 with Landsat 30 m scale satellite imagery the resulting underestimation is large (8.9\\\\%–17.0\\\\% for biomass and 5.0\\\\%–9.7\\\\% for GPP600) and of a magnitude comparable to the expected effects of decades of climate change. Methods to correct this upscaling bias exist but rely on sub-pixel information. Our data shows that this scale-dependency will vary strongly between areas and across seasons, making it hard to derive generalized functions compensating for it. This is particularly relevant to Arctic greening with a predominantly heterogeneous land cover, strong seasonality and much experimental research at sub-meter scale, but also applies to other heterogeneous landscapes. These results demonstrate the value of UAVs for satellite validation. UAVs can bridge between plot scale used in ecological field investigations and coarse scale in satellite monitoring relevant for Earth System Models. Since future climate changes are expected to alter landscape heterogeneity, seasonally updated UAV imagery will be an essential tool to correctly predict landscape-scale changes in ecosystem properties.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {9},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Environmental Research Letters},\\n\\tauthor = {Siewert, Matthias B. and Olofsson, Johan},\\n\\tmonth = aug,\\n\\tyear = {2020},\\n\\tnote = {Publisher: IOP Publishing},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource},\\n\\tpages = {094030},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Siewert, M. B.\",\"Olofsson, J.\"],\"key\":\"siewert_scale-dependency_2020\",\"id\":\"siewert_scale-dependency_2020\",\"bibbaseid\":\"siewert-olofsson-scaledependencyofarcticecosystempropertiesrevealedbyuav-2020\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aba20b\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Problems With the Shoreline Development Index—A Widely Used Metric of Lake Shape\",\"volume\":\"49\",\"copyright\":\"© 2022. The Authors.\",\"issn\":\"1944-8007\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2022GL098499\",\"doi\":\"10.1029/2022GL098499\",\"abstract\":\"The shoreline development index—The ratio of a lake’s shore length to the circumference of a circle with the lake’s area—Is a core metric of lake morphometry used in Earth and planetary sciences. In this paper, we demonstrate that the shoreline development index is scale-dependent and cannot be used to compare lakes with different areas. We show that large lakes will have higher shoreline development index measurements than smaller lakes of the same characteristic shape, even when mapped at the same scale. Specifically, the shoreline development index increases by about 14% for each doubling of lake area. These results call into question previously reported patterns of lake shape. We provide several suggestions to improve the application of this index, including a bias-corrected formulation for comparing lakes with different surface areas.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"10\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Geophysical Research Letters\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Seekell\"],\"firstnames\":[\"D.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Cael\"],\"firstnames\":[\"B.\",\"B.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Byström\"],\"firstnames\":[\"P.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2022\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2022GL098499\",\"keywords\":\"lake morphometry, scale-dependence, shoreline development index\",\"pages\":\"e2022GL098499\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{seekell_problems_2022,\\n\\ttitle = {Problems {With} the {Shoreline} {Development} {Index}—{A} {Widely} {Used} {Metric} of {Lake} {Shape}},\\n\\tvolume = {49},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2022. The Authors.},\\n\\tissn = {1944-8007},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2022GL098499},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1029/2022GL098499},\\n\\tabstract = {The shoreline development index—The ratio of a lake’s shore length to the circumference of a circle with the lake’s area—Is a core metric of lake morphometry used in Earth and planetary sciences. In this paper, we demonstrate that the shoreline development index is scale-dependent and cannot be used to compare lakes with different areas. We show that large lakes will have higher shoreline development index measurements than smaller lakes of the same characteristic shape, even when mapped at the same scale. Specifically, the shoreline development index increases by about 14\\\\% for each doubling of lake area. These results call into question previously reported patterns of lake shape. We provide several suggestions to improve the application of this index, including a bias-corrected formulation for comparing lakes with different surface areas.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {10},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Geophysical Research Letters},\\n\\tauthor = {Seekell, D. and Cael, B. B. and Byström, P.},\\n\\tyear = {2022},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2022GL098499},\\n\\tkeywords = {lake morphometry, scale-dependence, shoreline development index},\\n\\tpages = {e2022GL098499},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Seekell, D.\",\"Cael, B. B.\",\"Byström, P.\"],\"key\":\"seekell_problems_2022\",\"id\":\"seekell_problems_2022\",\"bibbaseid\":\"seekell-cael-bystrm-problemswiththeshorelinedevelopmentindexawidelyusedmetricoflakeshape-2022\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2022GL098499\"},\"keyword\":[\"lake morphometry\",\"scale-dependence\",\"shoreline development index\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Lake morphometry moderates the relationship between water color and fish biomass in small boreal lakes\",\"volume\":\"63\",\"copyright\":\"© 2018 The Authors Limnology and Oceanography published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography\",\"issn\":\"1939-5590\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lno.10931\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/lno.10931\",\"abstract\":\"Lake morphometry may moderate the effects of water color on fish biomass in boreal lakes, but empirical evidence is scarce because there are a limited number of lakes for which both water color and bathymetry have been measured. We evaluated variations in catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE), an indicator of fish biomass, across orthogonal gradients of light extinction and mean depth in 16 small Swedish lakes (mean depth 1.7–4.8 m, surface area 1–10 ha). Multiple regression coefficients indicated that the effect of light extinction on CPUE was negative, and that the relationship was more negative for deeper lakes than it was for shallower lakes. The pattern was strongest for lakes with mean depths between 2.1 m and 3.5 m. We estimated that 26% of small lakes in boreal Sweden fall within this mean depth range. These results contribute to the growing understanding of how variations in water color and lake morphometry influence patterns of fish biomass across the boreal landscape.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"5\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Limnology and Oceanography\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Seekell\"],\"firstnames\":[\"David\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Byström\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Pär\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Karlsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jan\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2018\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lno.10931\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource\",\"pages\":\"2171–2178\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{seekell_lake_2018,\\n\\ttitle = {Lake morphometry moderates the relationship between water color and fish biomass in small boreal lakes},\\n\\tvolume = {63},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2018 The Authors Limnology and Oceanography published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.  on behalf of Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography},\\n\\tissn = {1939-5590},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lno.10931},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1002/lno.10931},\\n\\tabstract = {Lake morphometry may moderate the effects of water color on fish biomass in boreal lakes, but empirical evidence is scarce because there are a limited number of lakes for which both water color and bathymetry have been measured. We evaluated variations in catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE), an indicator of fish biomass, across orthogonal gradients of light extinction and mean depth in 16 small Swedish lakes (mean depth 1.7–4.8 m, surface area 1–10 ha). Multiple regression coefficients indicated that the effect of light extinction on CPUE was negative, and that the relationship was more negative for deeper lakes than it was for shallower lakes. The pattern was strongest for lakes with mean depths between 2.1 m and 3.5 m. We estimated that 26\\\\% of small lakes in boreal Sweden fall within this mean depth range. These results contribute to the growing understanding of how variations in water color and lake morphometry influence patterns of fish biomass across the boreal landscape.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {5},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Limnology and Oceanography},\\n\\tauthor = {Seekell, David A. and Byström, Pär and Karlsson, Jan},\\n\\tyear = {2018},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lno.10931},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource},\\n\\tpages = {2171--2178},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Seekell, D. A.\",\"Byström, P.\",\"Karlsson, J.\"],\"key\":\"seekell_lake_2018\",\"id\":\"seekell_lake_2018\",\"bibbaseid\":\"seekell-bystrm-karlsson-lakemorphometrymoderatestherelationshipbetweenwatercolorandfishbiomassinsmallboreallakes-2018\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lno.10931\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Species traits interact with stress level to determine intraspecific facilitation and competition\",\"volume\":\"33\",\"copyright\":\"© 2022 The Authors. Journal of Vegetation Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Association for Vegetation Science.\",\"issn\":\"1654-1103\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jvs.13145\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/jvs.13145\",\"abstract\":\"Questions Flooding and drought stress are expected to increase significantly across the world and plant responses to these abiotic changes may be mediated by plant–plant interactions. Stress tolerance and recovery often require a biomass investment that may have consequences for these plant–plant interactions. Therefore, we questioned whether phenotypic plasticity in response to flooding and drought affected the balance between competition and facilitation for species with specific adaptations to drought or flooding. Location Utrecht University. Methods Stem elongation, root porosity, root:shoot ratio and biomass production were measured for six species during drought, well-drained and submerged conditions when grown alone or together with conspecifics. We quantified competition and facilitation as the ‘neighbour intensity effect’ directly after the 10-day treatment and again after a seven-day recovery period in well-drained conditions. Results Water stress, planting density and species identity interactively affected standardized stem elongation in a way that could lead to facilitation during submergence for species that preferably grow in wet soils. Root porosity was affected by the interaction between neighbour presence and time-step. Plant traits were only slightly affected during drought. The calculated neighbour interaction effect indicated facilitation for wetland species during submerged conditions and, after a period to recover from flooding, for species that prefer dry habitats. Conclusions Our results imply that changing plant–plant interactions in response to submergence and to a lesser extent to drought should be considered when predicting vegetation dynamics due to changing hydroclimatic regimes. Moreover, facilitation during a recovery period may enable species maladapted to flooding to persist.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"5\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Journal of Vegetation Science\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sarneel\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Judith\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hefting\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Mariet\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Visser\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Eric\",\"J.\",\"W.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Díaz-Sierra\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Rubén\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Voesenek\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Laurentius\",\"A.\",\"C.\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kowalchuk\"],\"firstnames\":[\"George\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2022\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/jvs.13145\",\"keywords\":\"neighbour intensity effect, plant–plant interactions, recovery period, riparian vegetation, stress gradient hypothesis, water stress\",\"pages\":\"e13145\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{sarneel_species_2022,\\n\\ttitle = {Species traits interact with stress level to determine intraspecific facilitation and competition},\\n\\tvolume = {33},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2022 The Authors. Journal of Vegetation Science published by John Wiley \\\\& Sons Ltd on behalf of International Association for Vegetation Science.},\\n\\tissn = {1654-1103},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jvs.13145},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/jvs.13145},\\n\\tabstract = {Questions Flooding and drought stress are expected to increase significantly across the world and plant responses to these abiotic changes may be mediated by plant–plant interactions. Stress tolerance and recovery often require a biomass investment that may have consequences for these plant–plant interactions. Therefore, we questioned whether phenotypic plasticity in response to flooding and drought affected the balance between competition and facilitation for species with specific adaptations to drought or flooding. Location Utrecht University. Methods Stem elongation, root porosity, root:shoot ratio and biomass production were measured for six species during drought, well-drained and submerged conditions when grown alone or together with conspecifics. We quantified competition and facilitation as the ‘neighbour intensity effect’ directly after the 10-day treatment and again after a seven-day recovery period in well-drained conditions. Results Water stress, planting density and species identity interactively affected standardized stem elongation in a way that could lead to facilitation during submergence for species that preferably grow in wet soils. Root porosity was affected by the interaction between neighbour presence and time-step. Plant traits were only slightly affected during drought. The calculated neighbour interaction effect indicated facilitation for wetland species during submerged conditions and, after a period to recover from flooding, for species that prefer dry habitats. Conclusions Our results imply that changing plant–plant interactions in response to submergence and to a lesser extent to drought should be considered when predicting vegetation dynamics due to changing hydroclimatic regimes. Moreover, facilitation during a recovery period may enable species maladapted to flooding to persist.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {5},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Journal of Vegetation Science},\\n\\tauthor = {Sarneel, Judith M. and Hefting, Mariet M. and Visser, Eric J. W. and Díaz-Sierra, Rubén and Voesenek, Laurentius A. C. J. and Kowalchuk, George A.},\\n\\tyear = {2022},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/jvs.13145},\\n\\tkeywords = {neighbour intensity effect, plant–plant interactions, recovery period, riparian vegetation, stress gradient hypothesis, water stress},\\n\\tpages = {e13145},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Sarneel, J. M.\",\"Hefting, M. M.\",\"Visser, E. J. W.\",\"Díaz-Sierra, R.\",\"Voesenek, L. A. C. J.\",\"Kowalchuk, G. A.\"],\"key\":\"sarneel_species_2022\",\"id\":\"sarneel_species_2022\",\"bibbaseid\":\"sarneel-hefting-visser-dazsierra-voesenek-kowalchuk-speciestraitsinteractwithstressleveltodetermineintraspecificfacilitationandcompetition-2022\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jvs.13145\"},\"keyword\":[\"neighbour intensity effect\",\"plant–plant interactions\",\"recovery period\",\"riparian vegetation\",\"stress gradient hypothesis\",\"water stress\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Local flooding history affects plant recruitment in riparian zones\",\"volume\":\"30\",\"copyright\":\"© 2019 The Authors. Journal of Vegetation Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Internation Association of Vegetation Science.\",\"issn\":\"1654-1103\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jvs.12731\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/jvs.12731\",\"abstract\":\"Aims Many rivers across the globe are severely impacted by changed flooding regimes, resulting in drastic shifts in vegetation, but the processes driving the exchange of flood-sensitive and flood-tolerant species are understood less. We studied the role of long-term and recent flooding histories for riparian plant recruitment in response to various changes in flooding regime. Location Vindel River catchment (Northern Sweden). Methods We experimentally changed long-term flooding regimes by transplanting turfs between high and low elevations in 2000 and in 2014 (n = 8 per treatment). We sowed seeds of five riparian species in both transplanted turfs and non-transplanted controls and counted seedling numbers over two growing seasons. Further, we inventoried natural seedling frequencies in 190 plots in 19 reaches in 2013 and 2014, and related natural seedling numbers to plot flooding history in the period 2012–2014. Results We observed effects of long-term flooding history in the second year of the transplantation study (2015), but not in the first year. In 2015, turfs transplanted to locations with less flooding resulted in higher plant recruitment while transplantation to sites with more frequent flooding reduced recruitment compared to the controls. Since these differences were only found in recently transplanted turfs and not in older turfs, the legacy effect of long-term flooding history can be transient. In the field seedling survey, similar differences were found between flooding-history categories in 2013, but not in 2014, when the moisture conditions of the most recent year determined flooding. Further, lowest seedling numbers were observed when the previous flooding occurred in winter, and higher seedling numbers when floods occurred in spring or not at all. Conclusions Both long-term and recent flooding histories can affect plant recruitment, and their influence should be taken into account when designing restoration projects.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"2\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Journal of Vegetation Science\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sarneel\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Judith\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bejarano\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Maria\",\"Dolores\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[\"van\"],\"lastnames\":[\"Oosterhout\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Martin\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Nilsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Christer\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2019\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/jvs.12731\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, dispersal filtering, environmental filtering, flood dynamics, historic contingency, legacy effects, plant recruitment window, regime shifts, window of opportunity, zonation\",\"pages\":\"224–234\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{sarneel_local_2019,\\n\\ttitle = {Local flooding history affects plant recruitment in riparian zones},\\n\\tvolume = {30},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2019 The Authors. Journal of Vegetation Science published by John Wiley \\\\& Sons Ltd on behalf of Internation Association of Vegetation Science.},\\n\\tissn = {1654-1103},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jvs.12731},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/jvs.12731},\\n\\tabstract = {Aims Many rivers across the globe are severely impacted by changed flooding regimes, resulting in drastic shifts in vegetation, but the processes driving the exchange of flood-sensitive and flood-tolerant species are understood less. We studied the role of long-term and recent flooding histories for riparian plant recruitment in response to various changes in flooding regime. Location Vindel River catchment (Northern Sweden). Methods We experimentally changed long-term flooding regimes by transplanting turfs between high and low elevations in 2000 and in 2014 (n = 8 per treatment). We sowed seeds of five riparian species in both transplanted turfs and non-transplanted controls and counted seedling numbers over two growing seasons. Further, we inventoried natural seedling frequencies in 190 plots in 19 reaches in 2013 and 2014, and related natural seedling numbers to plot flooding history in the period 2012–2014. Results We observed effects of long-term flooding history in the second year of the transplantation study (2015), but not in the first year. In 2015, turfs transplanted to locations with less flooding resulted in higher plant recruitment while transplantation to sites with more frequent flooding reduced recruitment compared to the controls. Since these differences were only found in recently transplanted turfs and not in older turfs, the legacy effect of long-term flooding history can be transient. In the field seedling survey, similar differences were found between flooding-history categories in 2013, but not in 2014, when the moisture conditions of the most recent year determined flooding. Further, lowest seedling numbers were observed when the previous flooding occurred in winter, and higher seedling numbers when floods occurred in spring or not at all. Conclusions Both long-term and recent flooding histories can affect plant recruitment, and their influence should be taken into account when designing restoration projects.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {2},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Journal of Vegetation Science},\\n\\tauthor = {Sarneel, Judith M. and Bejarano, Maria Dolores and van Oosterhout, Martin and Nilsson, Christer},\\n\\tyear = {2019},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/jvs.12731},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, dispersal filtering, environmental filtering, flood dynamics, historic contingency, legacy effects, plant recruitment window, regime shifts, window of opportunity, zonation},\\n\\tpages = {224--234},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Sarneel, J. M.\",\"Bejarano, M. D.\",\"van Oosterhout, M.\",\"Nilsson, C.\"],\"key\":\"sarneel_local_2019\",\"id\":\"sarneel_local_2019\",\"bibbaseid\":\"sarneel-bejarano-vanoosterhout-nilsson-localfloodinghistoryaffectsplantrecruitmentinriparianzones-2019\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jvs.12731\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"dispersal filtering\",\"environmental filtering\",\"flood dynamics\",\"historic contingency\",\"legacy effects\",\"plant recruitment window\",\"regime shifts\",\"window of opportunity\",\"zonation\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Seasonal patterns in nutrient bioavailability in boreal headwater streams\",\"volume\":\"67\",\"copyright\":\"© 2022 The Authors. Limnology and Oceanography published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography.\",\"issn\":\"1939-5590\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lno.12064\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/lno.12064\",\"abstract\":\"Changes in nutrient bioavailability due to increased loading of dissolved organic matter (DOM) may impact boreal freshwaters. Yet, the relative bioavailability of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) associated with terrestrial DOM remains poorly understood. We applied short-term bioassays with natural bacterial inocula to determine seasonal variation in bioavailable organic nutrient pools from four boreal headwater streams in northern Sweden. Experiments were designed to exhaust bioavailable nutrients associated with DOM by inducing limiting conditions when all required resources except for the targeted nutrient (C, N, or P) are provided in excess. We hypothesized that the supply of different bioavailable nutrients to streams would reflect seasonal variations in terrestrial demand, hydrology, and temperature. The delivery of bioavailable DOM-associated resources from the four streams were, on average, 2%, 11%, and 38% of the total dissolved organic C, N, and P, respectively, emphasizing the relatively low C bioavailability in these DOM-rich waters. Bioavailable N : P ratios peaked in autumn for all sites, with lower values in winter and spring. Both in terms of relative (% of total) and absolute bioavailable organic nutrient concentrations, the seasonal pattern was characterized by systematically high values for the autumn period. Furthermore, links between bioavailable resources and temperature and hydrology varied across sites, time periods, and the different elements. Thus, elevated concentrations of bioavailable organic resources in autumn suggest the potential for leaf fall, as well as late season storms that rewet dry soils, to serve as considerable sources of C, N, and P to boreal aquatic ecosystems.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"5\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Limnology and Oceanography\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Rulli\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Mayra\",\"P.\",\"D.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bergström\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ann-Kristin\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sponseller\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ryan\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Berggren\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Martin\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2022\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lno.12064\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource\",\"pages\":\"1169–1183\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{rulli_seasonal_2022,\\n\\ttitle = {Seasonal patterns in nutrient bioavailability in boreal headwater streams},\\n\\tvolume = {67},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2022 The Authors. Limnology and Oceanography published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography.},\\n\\tissn = {1939-5590},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lno.12064},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1002/lno.12064},\\n\\tabstract = {Changes in nutrient bioavailability due to increased loading of dissolved organic matter (DOM) may impact boreal freshwaters. Yet, the relative bioavailability of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) associated with terrestrial DOM remains poorly understood. We applied short-term bioassays with natural bacterial inocula to determine seasonal variation in bioavailable organic nutrient pools from four boreal headwater streams in northern Sweden. Experiments were designed to exhaust bioavailable nutrients associated with DOM by inducing limiting conditions when all required resources except for the targeted nutrient (C, N, or P) are provided in excess. We hypothesized that the supply of different bioavailable nutrients to streams would reflect seasonal variations in terrestrial demand, hydrology, and temperature. The delivery of bioavailable DOM-associated resources from the four streams were, on average, 2\\\\%, 11\\\\%, and 38\\\\% of the total dissolved organic C, N, and P, respectively, emphasizing the relatively low C bioavailability in these DOM-rich waters. Bioavailable N : P ratios peaked in autumn for all sites, with lower values in winter and spring. Both in terms of relative (\\\\% of total) and absolute bioavailable organic nutrient concentrations, the seasonal pattern was characterized by systematically high values for the autumn period. Furthermore, links between bioavailable resources and temperature and hydrology varied across sites, time periods, and the different elements. Thus, elevated concentrations of bioavailable organic resources in autumn suggest the potential for leaf fall, as well as late season storms that rewet dry soils, to serve as considerable sources of C, N, and P to boreal aquatic ecosystems.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {5},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Limnology and Oceanography},\\n\\tauthor = {Rulli, Mayra P. D. and Bergström, Ann-Kristin and Sponseller, Ryan A. and Berggren, Martin},\\n\\tyear = {2022},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lno.12064},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource},\\n\\tpages = {1169--1183},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Rulli, M. P. D.\",\"Bergström, A.\",\"Sponseller, R. A.\",\"Berggren, M.\"],\"key\":\"rulli_seasonal_2022\",\"id\":\"rulli_seasonal_2022\",\"bibbaseid\":\"rulli-bergstrm-sponseller-berggren-seasonalpatternsinnutrientbioavailabilityinborealheadwaterstreams-2022\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lno.12064\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"The responses of moss-associated nitrogen fixation and belowground microbial community to chronic Mo and P supplements in subarctic dry heaths\",\"volume\":\"451\",\"issn\":\"1573-5036\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-020-04492-6\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s11104-020-04492-6\",\"abstract\":\"Although nitrogen (N) fixation by moss-associated bacteria is the main source of new N in N-limited ecosystems like arctic tundra, we do not know which nutrient, molybdenum (Mo) or phosphorus (P), is rate-limiting for sustaining this process in the long-term. Further, how moss-associated N2 fixation impacts the belowground microbial regulation of decomposition remains unresolved.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"1\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Plant and Soil\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Rousk\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Kathrin\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Rousk\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Johannes\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"June\",\"year\":\"2020\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Bryophytes, Cyanobacteria, Nitrogen fixation, Nutrient limitation, Soil fungal and bacterial growth\",\"pages\":\"261–276\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{rousk_responses_2020,\\n\\ttitle = {The responses of moss-associated nitrogen fixation and belowground microbial community to chronic {Mo} and {P} supplements in subarctic dry heaths},\\n\\tvolume = {451},\\n\\tissn = {1573-5036},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-020-04492-6},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s11104-020-04492-6},\\n\\tabstract = {Although nitrogen (N) fixation by moss-associated bacteria is the main source of new N in N-limited ecosystems like arctic tundra, we do not know which nutrient, molybdenum (Mo) or phosphorus (P), is rate-limiting for sustaining this process in the long-term. Further, how moss-associated N2 fixation impacts the belowground microbial regulation of decomposition remains unresolved.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {1},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Plant and Soil},\\n\\tauthor = {Rousk, Kathrin and Rousk, Johannes},\\n\\tmonth = jun,\\n\\tyear = {2020},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Bryophytes, Cyanobacteria, Nitrogen fixation, Nutrient limitation, Soil fungal and bacterial growth},\\n\\tpages = {261--276},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Rousk, K.\",\"Rousk, J.\"],\"key\":\"rousk_responses_2020\",\"id\":\"rousk_responses_2020\",\"bibbaseid\":\"rousk-rousk-theresponsesofmossassociatednitrogenfixationandbelowgroundmicrobialcommunitytochronicmoandpsupplementsinsubarcticdryheaths-2020\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-020-04492-6\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Bryophytes\",\"Cyanobacteria\",\"Nitrogen fixation\",\"Nutrient limitation\",\"Soil fungal and bacterial growth\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Metabolism overrides photo-oxidation in CO2 dynamics of Arctic permafrost streams\",\"volume\":\"66\",\"copyright\":\"© 2020 The Authors. Limnology and Oceanography published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography.\",\"issn\":\"1939-5590\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lno.11564\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/lno.11564\",\"abstract\":\"Global warming is enhancing the mobilization of organic carbon (C) from Arctic soils into streams, where it can be mineralized to CO2 and released to the atmosphere. Abiotic photo-oxidation might drive C mineralization, but this process has not been quantitatively integrated with biological processes that also influence CO2 dynamics in aquatic ecosystems. We measured CO2 concentrations and the isotopic composition of dissolved inorganic C (δ13CDIC) at diel resolution in two Arctic streams, and coupled this with whole-system metabolism estimates to assess the effect of biotic and abiotic processes on stream C dynamics. CO2 concentrations consistently decreased from night to day, a pattern counter to the hypothesis that photo-oxidation is the dominant source of CO2. Instead, the observed decrease in CO2 during daytime was explained by photosynthetic rates, which were strongly correlated with diurnal changes in δ13CDIC values. However, on days when modeled photosynthetic rates were near zero, there was still a significant diel change in δ13CDIC values, suggesting that metabolic estimates are partly masked by O2 consumption from photo-oxidation. Our results suggest that 6–12 mmol CO2-C m−2 d−1 may be generated from photo-oxidation, a range that corresponds well to previous laboratory measurements. Moreover, ecosystem respiration rates were 10 times greater than published photo-oxidation rates for these Arctic streams, and accounted for 33–80% of total CO2 evasion. Our results suggest that metabolic activity is the dominant process for CO2 production in Arctic streams. Thus, future aquatic CO2 emissions may depend on how biotic processes respond to the ongoing environmental change.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"S1\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Limnology and Oceanography\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Rocher-Ros\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Gerard\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Harms\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Tamara\",\"K.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sponseller\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ryan\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Väisänen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Maria\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Mörth\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Carl-Magnus\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Giesler\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Reiner\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2021\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lno.11564\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource\",\"pages\":\"S169–S181\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{rocher-ros_metabolism_2021,\\n\\ttitle = {Metabolism overrides photo-oxidation in {CO2} dynamics of {Arctic} permafrost streams},\\n\\tvolume = {66},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2020 The Authors. Limnology and Oceanography published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography.},\\n\\tissn = {1939-5590},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lno.11564},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1002/lno.11564},\\n\\tabstract = {Global warming is enhancing the mobilization of organic carbon (C) from Arctic soils into streams, where it can be mineralized to CO2 and released to the atmosphere. Abiotic photo-oxidation might drive C mineralization, but this process has not been quantitatively integrated with biological processes that also influence CO2 dynamics in aquatic ecosystems. We measured CO2 concentrations and the isotopic composition of dissolved inorganic C (δ13CDIC) at diel resolution in two Arctic streams, and coupled this with whole-system metabolism estimates to assess the effect of biotic and abiotic processes on stream C dynamics. CO2 concentrations consistently decreased from night to day, a pattern counter to the hypothesis that photo-oxidation is the dominant source of CO2. Instead, the observed decrease in CO2 during daytime was explained by photosynthetic rates, which were strongly correlated with diurnal changes in δ13CDIC values. However, on days when modeled photosynthetic rates were near zero, there was still a significant diel change in δ13CDIC values, suggesting that metabolic estimates are partly masked by O2 consumption from photo-oxidation. Our results suggest that 6–12 mmol CO2-C m−2 d−1 may be generated from photo-oxidation, a range that corresponds well to previous laboratory measurements. Moreover, ecosystem respiration rates were 10 times greater than published photo-oxidation rates for these Arctic streams, and accounted for 33–80\\\\% of total CO2 evasion. Our results suggest that metabolic activity is the dominant process for CO2 production in Arctic streams. Thus, future aquatic CO2 emissions may depend on how biotic processes respond to the ongoing environmental change.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {S1},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Limnology and Oceanography},\\n\\tauthor = {Rocher-Ros, Gerard and Harms, Tamara K. and Sponseller, Ryan A. and Väisänen, Maria and Mörth, Carl-Magnus and Giesler, Reiner},\\n\\tyear = {2021},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lno.11564},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource},\\n\\tpages = {S169--S181},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Rocher-Ros, G.\",\"Harms, T. K.\",\"Sponseller, R. A.\",\"Väisänen, M.\",\"Mörth, C.\",\"Giesler, R.\"],\"key\":\"rocher-ros_metabolism_2021\",\"id\":\"rocher-ros_metabolism_2021\",\"bibbaseid\":\"rocherros-harms-sponseller-visnen-mrth-giesler-metabolismoverridesphotooxidationinco2dynamicsofarcticpermafroststreams-2021\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lno.11564\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Prolonged exposure does not increase soil microbial community compositional response to warming along geothermal gradients\",\"volume\":\"94\",\"issn\":\"0168-6496\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fix174\",\"doi\":\"10.1093/femsec/fix174\",\"abstract\":\"Global change is expected to affect soil microbial communities through their responsiveness to temperature. It has been proposed that prolonged exposure to elevated temperatures may lead to progressively larger effects on soil microbial community composition. However, due to the relatively short-term nature of most warming experiments, this idea has been challenging to evaluate. The present study took the advantage of natural geothermal gradients (from +1°C to +19°C above ambient) in two subarctic grasslands to test the hypothesis that long-term exposure (&gt;50 years) intensifies the effect of warming on microbial community composition compared to short-term exposure (5–7 years). Community profiles from amplicon sequencing of bacterial and fungal rRNA genes did not support this hypothesis: significant changes relative to ambient were observed only starting from the warming intensity of +9°C in the long term and +7°C/+3°C in the short term, for bacteria and fungi, respectively. Our results suggest that microbial communities in high-latitude grasslands will not undergo lasting shifts in community composition under the warming predicted for the coming 100 years (+2.2°C to +8.3°C).\",\"number\":\"2\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"FEMS Microbiology Ecology\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Radujković\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Dajana\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Verbruggen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Erik\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sigurdsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Bjarni\",\"D\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Leblans\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Niki\",\"I\",\"W\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Janssens\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ivan\",\"A\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Vicca\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sara\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Weedon\"],\"firstnames\":[\"James\",\"T\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"February\",\"year\":\"2018\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource\",\"pages\":\"fix174\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{radujkovic_prolonged_2018,\\n\\ttitle = {Prolonged exposure does not increase soil microbial community compositional response to warming along geothermal gradients},\\n\\tvolume = {94},\\n\\tissn = {0168-6496},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fix174},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1093/femsec/fix174},\\n\\tabstract = {Global change is expected to affect soil microbial communities through their responsiveness to temperature. It has been proposed that prolonged exposure to elevated temperatures may lead to progressively larger effects on soil microbial community composition. However, due to the relatively short-term nature of most warming experiments, this idea has been challenging to evaluate. The present study took the advantage of natural geothermal gradients (from +1°C to +19°C above ambient) in two subarctic grasslands to test the hypothesis that long-term exposure (\\\\&gt;50 years) intensifies the effect of warming on microbial community composition compared to short-term exposure (5–7 years). Community profiles from amplicon sequencing of bacterial and fungal rRNA genes did not support this hypothesis: significant changes relative to ambient were observed only starting from the warming intensity of +9°C in the long term and +7°C/+3°C in the short term, for bacteria and fungi, respectively. Our results suggest that microbial communities in high-latitude grasslands will not undergo lasting shifts in community composition under the warming predicted for the coming 100 years (+2.2°C to +8.3°C).},\\n\\tnumber = {2},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {FEMS Microbiology Ecology},\\n\\tauthor = {Radujković, Dajana and Verbruggen, Erik and Sigurdsson, Bjarni D and Leblans, Niki I W and Janssens, Ivan A and Vicca, Sara and Weedon, James T},\\n\\tmonth = feb,\\n\\tyear = {2018},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource},\\n\\tpages = {fix174},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Radujković, D.\",\"Verbruggen, E.\",\"Sigurdsson, B. D\",\"Leblans, N. I W\",\"Janssens, I. A\",\"Vicca, S.\",\"Weedon, J. T\"],\"key\":\"radujkovic_prolonged_2018\",\"id\":\"radujkovic_prolonged_2018\",\"bibbaseid\":\"radujkovi-verbruggen-sigurdsson-leblans-janssens-vicca-weedon-prolongedexposuredoesnotincreasesoilmicrobialcommunitycompositionalresponsetowarmingalonggeothermalgradients-2018\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fix174\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Dissolved Organic Matter Controls Seasonal and Spatial Selenium Concentration Variability in Thaw Lakes across a Permafrost Gradient\",\"volume\":\"52\",\"issn\":\"0013-936X\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b00918\",\"doi\":\"10.1021/acs.est.8b00918\",\"abstract\":\"Little is known about the sources and processing of selenium, an important toxicant and essential micronutrient, within boreal and sub-arctic environments. Upon climate warming and permafrost thaw, the behavior of Se in northern peatlands becomes an issue of major concern, because a sizable amount of Se can be emitted to the atmosphere from thawing soils and inland water surfaces and exported to downstream waters, thus impacting the Arctic biota. Working toward providing a first-order assessment of spatial and temporal variation of Se concentration in thermokarst waters of the largest frozen peatland in the world, we sampled thaw lakes and rivers across a 750-km latitudinal profile. This profile covered sporadic, discontinuous, and continuous permafrost regions of western Siberia Lowland (WSL), where we measured dissolved (\\\\textless0.45 μm) Se concentration during spring (June), summer (August), and autumn (September). We found maximum Se concentration in the discontinuous permafrost zone. Considering all sampled lakes, Se exhibited linear relationship (R2 = 0.7 to 0.9, p \\\\textless 0.05, n ≈ 70) with dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration during summer and autumn. Across the permafrost gradient, the lakes in discontinuous permafrost regions demonstrated stronger relationship with DOC and UV-absorbance compared to lakes in sporadic/isolated and continuous permafrost zones. Both seasonal and spatial features of Se distribution in thermokarst lakes and ponds suggest that Se is mainly released during thawing of frozen peat. Mobilization and immobilization of Se within peat–lake–river watersheds likely occurs as organic and organo-Fe, Al colloids, probably associated with reduced and elemental Se forms. The increase of active layer thickness may enhance leaching of Se in the form of organic complexes with aromatic carbon from the deep horizons of the peat profile. Further, the northward shift of permafrost boundaries in WSL may sizably increase Se concentration in lakes of continuous permafrost zone.\",\"number\":\"18\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Environmental Science & Technology\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Pokrovsky\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Oleg\",\"S.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bueno\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Maite\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Manasypov\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Rinat\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Shirokova\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Liudmila\",\"S.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Karlsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Amouroux\"],\"firstnames\":[\"David\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"September\",\"year\":\"2018\",\"note\":\"Publisher: American Chemical Society\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource\",\"pages\":\"10254–10262\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{pokrovsky_dissolved_2018,\\n\\ttitle = {Dissolved {Organic} {Matter} {Controls} {Seasonal} and {Spatial} {Selenium} {Concentration} {Variability} in {Thaw} {Lakes} across a {Permafrost} {Gradient}},\\n\\tvolume = {52},\\n\\tissn = {0013-936X},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b00918},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1021/acs.est.8b00918},\\n\\tabstract = {Little is known about the sources and processing of selenium, an important toxicant and essential micronutrient, within boreal and sub-arctic environments. Upon climate warming and permafrost thaw, the behavior of Se in northern peatlands becomes an issue of major concern, because a sizable amount of Se can be emitted to the atmosphere from thawing soils and inland water surfaces and exported to downstream waters, thus impacting the Arctic biota. Working toward providing a first-order assessment of spatial and temporal variation of Se concentration in thermokarst waters of the largest frozen peatland in the world, we sampled thaw lakes and rivers across a 750-km latitudinal profile. This profile covered sporadic, discontinuous, and continuous permafrost regions of western Siberia Lowland (WSL), where we measured dissolved ({\\\\textless}0.45 μm) Se concentration during spring (June), summer (August), and autumn (September). We found maximum Se concentration in the discontinuous permafrost zone. Considering all sampled lakes, Se exhibited linear relationship (R2 = 0.7 to 0.9, p {\\\\textless} 0.05, n ≈ 70) with dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration during summer and autumn. Across the permafrost gradient, the lakes in discontinuous permafrost regions demonstrated stronger relationship with DOC and UV-absorbance compared to lakes in sporadic/isolated and continuous permafrost zones. Both seasonal and spatial features of Se distribution in thermokarst lakes and ponds suggest that Se is mainly released during thawing of frozen peat. Mobilization and immobilization of Se within peat–lake–river watersheds likely occurs as organic and organo-Fe, Al colloids, probably associated with reduced and elemental Se forms. The increase of active layer thickness may enhance leaching of Se in the form of organic complexes with aromatic carbon from the deep horizons of the peat profile. Further, the northward shift of permafrost boundaries in WSL may sizably increase Se concentration in lakes of continuous permafrost zone.},\\n\\tnumber = {18},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Environmental Science \\\\& Technology},\\n\\tauthor = {Pokrovsky, Oleg S. and Bueno, Maite and Manasypov, Rinat M. and Shirokova, Liudmila S. and Karlsson, Jan and Amouroux, David},\\n\\tmonth = sep,\\n\\tyear = {2018},\\n\\tnote = {Publisher: American Chemical Society},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource},\\n\\tpages = {10254--10262},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Pokrovsky, O. S.\",\"Bueno, M.\",\"Manasypov, R. M.\",\"Shirokova, L. S.\",\"Karlsson, J.\",\"Amouroux, D.\"],\"key\":\"pokrovsky_dissolved_2018\",\"id\":\"pokrovsky_dissolved_2018\",\"bibbaseid\":\"pokrovsky-bueno-manasypov-shirokova-karlsson-amouroux-dissolvedorganicmattercontrolsseasonalandspatialseleniumconcentrationvariabilityinthawlakesacrossapermafrostgradient-2018\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b00918\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"As good as human experts in detecting plant roots in minirhizotron images but efficient and reproducible: the convolutional neural network “RootDetector”\",\"volume\":\"13\",\"copyright\":\"2023 The Author(s)\",\"issn\":\"2045-2322\",\"shorttitle\":\"As good as human experts in detecting plant roots in minirhizotron images but efficient and reproducible\",\"url\":\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-28400-x\",\"doi\":\"10.1038/s41598-023-28400-x\",\"abstract\":\"Plant roots influence many ecological and biogeochemical processes, such as carbon, water and nutrient cycling. Because of difficult accessibility, knowledge on plant root growth dynamics in field conditions, however, is fragmentary at best. Minirhizotrons, i.e. transparent tubes placed in the substrate into which specialized cameras or circular scanners are inserted, facilitate the capture of high-resolution images of root dynamics at the soil-tube interface with little to no disturbance after the initial installation. Their use, especially in field studies with multiple species and heterogeneous substrates, though, is limited by the amount of work that subsequent manual tracing of roots in the images requires. Furthermore, the reproducibility and objectivity of manual root detection is questionable. Here, we use a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for the automatic detection of roots in minirhizotron images and compare the performance of our RootDetector with human analysts with different levels of expertise. Our minirhizotron data come from various wetlands on organic soils, i.e. highly heterogeneous substrates consisting of dead plant material, often times mainly roots, in various degrees of decomposition. This may be seen as one of the most challenging soil types for root segmentation in minirhizotron images. RootDetector showed a high capability to correctly segment root pixels in minirhizotron images from field observations (F1 = 0.6044; r2 compared to a human expert = 0.99). Reproducibility among humans, however, depended strongly on expertise level, with novices showing drastic variation among individual analysts and annotating on average more than 13-times higher root length/cm2 per image compared to expert analysts. CNNs such as RootDetector provide a reliable and efficient method for the detection of roots and root length in minirhizotron images even from challenging field conditions. Analyses with RootDetector thus save resources, are reproducible and objective, and are as accurate as manual analyses performed by human experts.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"1\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Scientific Reports\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Peters\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Bo\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Blume-Werry\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Gesche\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Gillert\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Alexander\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Schwieger\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sarah\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[\"von\"],\"lastnames\":[\"Lukas\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Uwe\",\"Freiherr\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kreyling\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Juergen\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"January\",\"year\":\"2023\",\"note\":\"Publisher: Nature Publishing Group\",\"keywords\":\"Ecosystem ecology, Imaging\",\"pages\":\"1399\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{peters_as_2023,\\n\\ttitle = {As good as human experts in detecting plant roots in minirhizotron images but efficient and reproducible: the convolutional neural network “{RootDetector}”},\\n\\tvolume = {13},\\n\\tcopyright = {2023 The Author(s)},\\n\\tissn = {2045-2322},\\n\\tshorttitle = {As good as human experts in detecting plant roots in minirhizotron images but efficient and reproducible},\\n\\turl = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-28400-x},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1038/s41598-023-28400-x},\\n\\tabstract = {Plant roots influence many ecological and biogeochemical processes, such as carbon, water and nutrient cycling. Because of difficult accessibility, knowledge on plant root growth dynamics in field conditions, however, is fragmentary at best. Minirhizotrons, i.e. transparent tubes placed in the substrate into which specialized cameras or circular scanners are inserted, facilitate the capture of high-resolution images of root dynamics at the soil-tube interface with little to no disturbance after the initial installation. Their use, especially in field studies with multiple species and heterogeneous substrates, though, is limited by the amount of work that subsequent manual tracing of roots in the images requires. Furthermore, the reproducibility and objectivity of manual root detection is questionable. Here, we use a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for the automatic detection of roots in minirhizotron images and compare the performance of our RootDetector with human analysts with different levels of expertise. Our minirhizotron data come from various wetlands on organic soils, i.e. highly heterogeneous substrates consisting of dead plant material, often times mainly roots, in various degrees of decomposition. This may be seen as one of the most challenging soil types for root segmentation in minirhizotron images. RootDetector showed a high capability to correctly segment root pixels in minirhizotron images from field observations (F1 = 0.6044; r2 compared to a human expert = 0.99). Reproducibility among humans, however, depended strongly on expertise level, with novices showing drastic variation among individual analysts and annotating on average more than 13-times higher root length/cm2 per image compared to expert analysts. CNNs such as RootDetector provide a reliable and efficient method for the detection of roots and root length in minirhizotron images even from challenging field conditions. Analyses with RootDetector thus save resources, are reproducible and objective, and are as accurate as manual analyses performed by human experts.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {1},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Scientific Reports},\\n\\tauthor = {Peters, Bo and Blume-Werry, Gesche and Gillert, Alexander and Schwieger, Sarah and von Lukas, Uwe Freiherr and Kreyling, Juergen},\\n\\tmonth = jan,\\n\\tyear = {2023},\\n\\tnote = {Publisher: Nature Publishing Group},\\n\\tkeywords = {Ecosystem ecology, Imaging},\\n\\tpages = {1399},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Peters, B.\",\"Blume-Werry, G.\",\"Gillert, A.\",\"Schwieger, S.\",\"von Lukas, U. F.\",\"Kreyling, J.\"],\"key\":\"peters_as_2023\",\"id\":\"peters_as_2023\",\"bibbaseid\":\"peters-blumewerry-gillert-schwieger-vonlukas-kreyling-asgoodashumanexpertsindetectingplantrootsinminirhizotronimagesbutefficientandreproducibletheconvolutionalneuralnetworkrootdetector-2023\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-28400-x\"},\"keyword\":[\"Ecosystem ecology\",\"Imaging\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Rhizosphere allocation by canopy-forming species dominates soil CO2 efflux in a subarctic landscape\",\"volume\":\"227\",\"copyright\":\"© 2020 The Authors. New Phytologist © 2020 New Phytologist Trust\",\"issn\":\"1469-8137\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/nph.16573\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/nph.16573\",\"abstract\":\"In arctic ecosystems, climate change has increased plant productivity. As arctic carbon (C) stocks predominantly are located belowground, the effects of greater plant productivity on soil C storage will significantly determine the net sink/source potential of these ecosystems, but vegetation controls on soil CO2 efflux remain poorly resolved. In order to identify the role of canopy-forming species in belowground C dynamics, we conducted a girdling experiment with plots distributed across 1 km2 of treeline birch (Betula pubescens) forest and willow (Salix lapponum) patches in northern Sweden and quantified the contribution of canopy vegetation to soil CO2 fluxes and belowground productivity. Girdling birches reduced total soil CO2 efflux in the peak growing season by 53%, which is double the expected amount, given that trees contribute only half of the total leaf area in the forest. Root and mycorrhizal mycelial production also decreased substantially. At peak season, willow shrubs contributed 38% to soil CO2 efflux in their patches. Our findings indicate that C, recently fixed by trees and tall shrubs, makes a substantial contribution to soil respiration. It is critically important that these processes are taken into consideration in the context of a greening arctic because productivity and ecosystem C sequestration are not synonymous.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"6\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"New Phytologist\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Parker\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Thomas\",\"C.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Clemmensen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Karina\",\"E.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Friggens\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Nina\",\"L.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hartley\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Iain\",\"P.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Johnson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"David\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lindahl\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Björn\",\"D.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Olofsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Johan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Siewert\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Matthias\",\"B.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Street\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Lorna\",\"E.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Subke\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jens-Arne\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Wookey\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Philip\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2020\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/nph.16573\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Arctic, ectomycorrhizal fungi, girdling, rhizosphere, shrub expansion, soil CO2 efflux, treeline\",\"pages\":\"1818–1830\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{parker_rhizosphere_2020,\\n\\ttitle = {Rhizosphere allocation by canopy-forming species dominates soil {CO2} efflux in a subarctic landscape},\\n\\tvolume = {227},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2020 The Authors. New Phytologist © 2020 New Phytologist Trust},\\n\\tissn = {1469-8137},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/nph.16573},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/nph.16573},\\n\\tabstract = {In arctic ecosystems, climate change has increased plant productivity. As arctic carbon (C) stocks predominantly are located belowground, the effects of greater plant productivity on soil C storage will significantly determine the net sink/source potential of these ecosystems, but vegetation controls on soil CO2 efflux remain poorly resolved. In order to identify the role of canopy-forming species in belowground C dynamics, we conducted a girdling experiment with plots distributed across 1 km2 of treeline birch (Betula pubescens) forest and willow (Salix lapponum) patches in northern Sweden and quantified the contribution of canopy vegetation to soil CO2 fluxes and belowground productivity. Girdling birches reduced total soil CO2 efflux in the peak growing season by 53\\\\%, which is double the expected amount, given that trees contribute only half of the total leaf area in the forest. Root and mycorrhizal mycelial production also decreased substantially. At peak season, willow shrubs contributed 38\\\\% to soil CO2 efflux in their patches. Our findings indicate that C, recently fixed by trees and tall shrubs, makes a substantial contribution to soil respiration. It is critically important that these processes are taken into consideration in the context of a greening arctic because productivity and ecosystem C sequestration are not synonymous.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {6},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {New Phytologist},\\n\\tauthor = {Parker, Thomas C. and Clemmensen, Karina E. and Friggens, Nina L. and Hartley, Iain P. and Johnson, David and Lindahl, Björn D. and Olofsson, Johan and Siewert, Matthias B. and Street, Lorna E. and Subke, Jens-Arne and Wookey, Philip A.},\\n\\tyear = {2020},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/nph.16573},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Arctic, ectomycorrhizal fungi, girdling, rhizosphere, shrub expansion, soil CO2 efflux, treeline},\\n\\tpages = {1818--1830},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Parker, T. C.\",\"Clemmensen, K. E.\",\"Friggens, N. L.\",\"Hartley, I. P.\",\"Johnson, D.\",\"Lindahl, B. D.\",\"Olofsson, J.\",\"Siewert, M. B.\",\"Street, L. E.\",\"Subke, J.\",\"Wookey, P. A.\"],\"key\":\"parker_rhizosphere_2020\",\"id\":\"parker_rhizosphere_2020\",\"bibbaseid\":\"parker-clemmensen-friggens-hartley-johnson-lindahl-olofsson-siewert-etal-rhizosphereallocationbycanopyformingspeciesdominatessoilco2effluxinasubarcticlandscape-2020\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/nph.16573\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Arctic\",\"ectomycorrhizal fungi\",\"girdling\",\"rhizosphere\",\"shrub expansion\",\"soil CO2 efflux\",\"treeline\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"The Effects of Water Column Dissolved Oxygen Concentrations on Lake Methane Emissions—Results From a Whole-Lake Oxygenation Experiment\",\"volume\":\"128\",\"copyright\":\"© 2023. The Authors.\",\"issn\":\"2169-8961\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2022JG007185\",\"doi\":\"10.1029/2022JG007185\",\"abstract\":\"Lakes contribute 9%–19% of global methane (CH4) emissions to the atmosphere. Dissolved molecular oxygen (DO) in lakes can inhibit the production of CH4 and promote CH4 oxidation. DO is therefore often considered an important regulator of CH4 emissions from lakes. Presence or absence of DO in the water above the sediments can affect CH4 production and emissions by (a) influencing if methane production can be fueled by the most reactive organic matter in the top sediment layer or rely on deeper and less degradable organic matter, and (b) enabling CH4 accumulation in deep waters and potentially large emissions upon water column turnover. However, the relative importance of these two DO effects on CH4 fluxes is still unclear. We assessed CH4 fluxes from two connected lake basins in northern boreal Sweden where one was experimentally oxygenated. Results showed no clear difference in summer CH4 emissions attributable to water column DO concentrations. Large amounts of CH4 accumulated in the anoxic hypolimnion of the reference basin but little of this may have been emitted because of incomplete mixing, and effective methane oxidation of stored CH4 reaching oxic water layers. Accordingly, ≤24% of the stored CH4 was likely emitted in the experimental lake. Overall, our results suggest that hypolimnetic DO and water column CH4 storage might have a smaller impact on CH4 emissions in boreal forest lakes than previous estimates, yet potential fluxes associated with water column turnover events remain a significant uncertainty in lake CH4 emission estimates.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"11\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Pajala\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Gustav\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sawakuchi\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Henrique\",\"O.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Rudberg\"],\"firstnames\":[\"David\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Schenk\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jonathan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sieczko\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Anna\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Gålfalk\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Magnus\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Seekell\"],\"firstnames\":[\"David\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sundgren\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ingrid\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Thanh\",\"Duc\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Nguyen\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Karlsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bastviken\"],\"firstnames\":[\"David\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2023\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2022JG007185\",\"keywords\":\"dissolved oxygen, emissions, methane, methane oxidation, storage\",\"pages\":\"e2022JG007185\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{pajala_effects_2023,\\n\\ttitle = {The {Effects} of {Water} {Column} {Dissolved} {Oxygen} {Concentrations} on {Lake} {Methane} {Emissions}—{Results} {From} a {Whole}-{Lake} {Oxygenation} {Experiment}},\\n\\tvolume = {128},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2023. The Authors.},\\n\\tissn = {2169-8961},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2022JG007185},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1029/2022JG007185},\\n\\tabstract = {Lakes contribute 9\\\\%–19\\\\% of global methane (CH4) emissions to the atmosphere. Dissolved molecular oxygen (DO) in lakes can inhibit the production of CH4 and promote CH4 oxidation. DO is therefore often considered an important regulator of CH4 emissions from lakes. Presence or absence of DO in the water above the sediments can affect CH4 production and emissions by (a) influencing if methane production can be fueled by the most reactive organic matter in the top sediment layer or rely on deeper and less degradable organic matter, and (b) enabling CH4 accumulation in deep waters and potentially large emissions upon water column turnover. However, the relative importance of these two DO effects on CH4 fluxes is still unclear. We assessed CH4 fluxes from two connected lake basins in northern boreal Sweden where one was experimentally oxygenated. Results showed no clear difference in summer CH4 emissions attributable to water column DO concentrations. Large amounts of CH4 accumulated in the anoxic hypolimnion of the reference basin but little of this may have been emitted because of incomplete mixing, and effective methane oxidation of stored CH4 reaching oxic water layers. Accordingly, ≤24\\\\% of the stored CH4 was likely emitted in the experimental lake. Overall, our results suggest that hypolimnetic DO and water column CH4 storage might have a smaller impact on CH4 emissions in boreal forest lakes than previous estimates, yet potential fluxes associated with water column turnover events remain a significant uncertainty in lake CH4 emission estimates.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {11},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences},\\n\\tauthor = {Pajala, Gustav and Sawakuchi, Henrique O. and Rudberg, David and Schenk, Jonathan and Sieczko, Anna and Gålfalk, Magnus and Seekell, David and Sundgren, Ingrid and Thanh Duc, Nguyen and Karlsson, Jan and Bastviken, David},\\n\\tyear = {2023},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2022JG007185},\\n\\tkeywords = {dissolved oxygen, emissions, methane, methane oxidation, storage},\\n\\tpages = {e2022JG007185},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Pajala, G.\",\"Sawakuchi, H. O.\",\"Rudberg, D.\",\"Schenk, J.\",\"Sieczko, A.\",\"Gålfalk, M.\",\"Seekell, D.\",\"Sundgren, I.\",\"Thanh Duc, N.\",\"Karlsson, J.\",\"Bastviken, D.\"],\"key\":\"pajala_effects_2023\",\"id\":\"pajala_effects_2023\",\"bibbaseid\":\"pajala-sawakuchi-rudberg-schenk-sieczko-glfalk-seekell-sundgren-etal-theeffectsofwatercolumndissolvedoxygenconcentrationsonlakemethaneemissionsresultsfromawholelakeoxygenationexperiment-2023\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2022JG007185\"},\"keyword\":[\"dissolved oxygen\",\"emissions\",\"methane\",\"methane oxidation\",\"storage\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Decade of experimental permafrost thaw reduces turnover of young carbon and increases losses of old carbon, without affecting the net carbon balance\",\"volume\":\"26\",\"copyright\":\"© 2020 The Authors. Global Change Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd\",\"issn\":\"1365-2486\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.15283\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/gcb.15283\",\"abstract\":\"Thicker snowpacks and their insulation effects cause winter-warming and invoke thaw of permafrost ecosystems. Temperature-dependent decomposition of previously frozen carbon (C) is currently considered one of the strongest feedbacks between the Arctic and the climate system, but the direction and magnitude of the net C balance remains uncertain. This is because winter effects are rarely integrated with C fluxes during the snow-free season and because predicting the net C balance from both surface processes and thawing deep layers remains challenging. In this study, we quantified changes in the long-term net C balance (net ecosystem production) in a subarctic peat plateau subjected to 10 years of experimental winter-warming. By combining 210Pb and 14Cdating of peat cores with peat growth models, we investigated thawing effects on year-round primary production and C losses through respiration and leaching from both shallow and deep peat layers. Winter-warming and permafrost thaw had no effect on the net C balance, but strongly affected gross C fluxes. Carbon losses through decomposition from the upper peat were reduced as thawing of permafrost induced surface subsidence and subsequent waterlogging. However, primary production was also reduced likely due to a strong decline in bryophytes cover while losses from the old C pool almost tripled, caused by the deepened active layer. Our findings highlight the need to estimate long-term responses of whole-year production and decomposition processes to thawing, both in shallow and deep soil layers, as they may contrast and lead to unexpected net effects on permafrost C storage.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"10\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Global Change Biology\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Olid\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Carolina\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Klaminder\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jonatan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Monteux\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sylvain\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Johansson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Margareta\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Dorrepaal\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ellen\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2020\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.15283\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, age–depth modelling, carbon accumulation, carbon cycle, climate change, decomposition, peat dating, permafrost thawing, production, snow addition, winter-warming\",\"pages\":\"5886–5898\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{olid_decade_2020,\\n\\ttitle = {Decade of experimental permafrost thaw reduces turnover of young carbon and increases losses of old carbon, without affecting the net carbon balance},\\n\\tvolume = {26},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2020 The Authors. Global Change Biology published by John Wiley \\\\& Sons Ltd},\\n\\tissn = {1365-2486},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.15283},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/gcb.15283},\\n\\tabstract = {Thicker snowpacks and their insulation effects cause winter-warming and invoke thaw of permafrost ecosystems. Temperature-dependent decomposition of previously frozen carbon (C) is currently considered one of the strongest feedbacks between the Arctic and the climate system, but the direction and magnitude of the net C balance remains uncertain. This is because winter effects are rarely integrated with C fluxes during the snow-free season and because predicting the net C balance from both surface processes and thawing deep layers remains challenging. In this study, we quantified changes in the long-term net C balance (net ecosystem production) in a subarctic peat plateau subjected to 10 years of experimental winter-warming. By combining 210Pb and 14Cdating of peat cores with peat growth models, we investigated thawing effects on year-round primary production and C losses through respiration and leaching from both shallow and deep peat layers. Winter-warming and permafrost thaw had no effect on the net C balance, but strongly affected gross C fluxes. Carbon losses through decomposition from the upper peat were reduced as thawing of permafrost induced surface subsidence and subsequent waterlogging. However, primary production was also reduced likely due to a strong decline in bryophytes cover while losses from the old C pool almost tripled, caused by the deepened active layer. Our findings highlight the need to estimate long-term responses of whole-year production and decomposition processes to thawing, both in shallow and deep soil layers, as they may contrast and lead to unexpected net effects on permafrost C storage.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {10},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Global Change Biology},\\n\\tauthor = {Olid, Carolina and Klaminder, Jonatan and Monteux, Sylvain and Johansson, Margareta and Dorrepaal, Ellen},\\n\\tyear = {2020},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.15283},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, age–depth modelling, carbon accumulation, carbon cycle, climate change, decomposition, peat dating, permafrost thawing, production, snow addition, winter-warming},\\n\\tpages = {5886--5898},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Olid, C.\",\"Klaminder, J.\",\"Monteux, S.\",\"Johansson, M.\",\"Dorrepaal, E.\"],\"key\":\"olid_decade_2020\",\"id\":\"olid_decade_2020\",\"bibbaseid\":\"olid-klaminder-monteux-johansson-dorrepaal-decadeofexperimentalpermafrostthawreducesturnoverofyoungcarbonandincreaseslossesofoldcarbonwithoutaffectingthenetcarbonbalance-2020\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.15283\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"age–depth modelling\",\"carbon accumulation\",\"carbon cycle\",\"climate change\",\"decomposition\",\"peat dating\",\"permafrost thawing\",\"production\",\"snow addition\",\"winter-warming\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Norway spruce postglacial recolonization of Fennoscandia\",\"volume\":\"13\",\"copyright\":\"2022 The Author(s)\",\"issn\":\"2041-1723\",\"url\":\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-022-28976-4\",\"doi\":\"10.1038/s41467-022-28976-4\",\"abstract\":\"Contrasting theories exist regarding how Norway spruce (Picea abies) recolonized Fennoscandia after the last glaciation and both early Holocene establishments from western microrefugia and late Holocene colonization from the east have been postulated. Here, we show that Norway spruce was present in southern Fennoscandia as early as 14.7 ± 0.1 cal. kyr BP and that the millennia-old clonal spruce trees present today in central Sweden likely arrived with an early Holocene migration from the east. Our findings are based on ancient sedimentary DNA from multiple European sites (N = 15) combined with nuclear and mitochondrial DNA analysis of ancient clonal (N = 135) and contemporary spruce forest trees (N = 129) from central Sweden. Our other findings imply that Norway spruce was present shortly after deglaciation at the margins of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet, and support previously disputed finds of pollen in southern Sweden claiming spruce establishment during the Lateglacial.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"1\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Nature Communications\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Nota\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Kevin\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Klaminder\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jonatan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Milesi\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Pascal\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bindler\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Richard\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Nobile\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Alessandro\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[\"van\"],\"lastnames\":[\"Steijn\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Tamara\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bertilsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Stefan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Svensson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Brita\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hirota\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Shun\",\"K.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Matsuo\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ayumi\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Gunnarsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Urban\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Seppä\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Heikki\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Väliranta\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Minna\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Wohlfarth\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Barbara\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Suyama\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Yoshihisa\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Parducci\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Laura\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"March\",\"year\":\"2022\",\"note\":\"Publisher: Nature Publishing Group\",\"keywords\":\"Ecological genetics, Plant evolution\",\"pages\":\"1333\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{nota_norway_2022,\\n\\ttitle = {Norway spruce postglacial recolonization of {Fennoscandia}},\\n\\tvolume = {13},\\n\\tcopyright = {2022 The Author(s)},\\n\\tissn = {2041-1723},\\n\\turl = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-022-28976-4},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1038/s41467-022-28976-4},\\n\\tabstract = {Contrasting theories exist regarding how Norway spruce (Picea abies) recolonized Fennoscandia after the last glaciation and both early Holocene establishments from western microrefugia and late Holocene colonization from the east have been postulated. Here, we show that Norway spruce was present in southern Fennoscandia as early as 14.7 ± 0.1 cal. kyr BP and that the millennia-old clonal spruce trees present today in central Sweden likely arrived with an early Holocene migration from the east. Our findings are based on ancient sedimentary DNA from multiple European sites (N = 15) combined with nuclear and mitochondrial DNA analysis of ancient clonal (N = 135) and contemporary spruce forest trees (N = 129) from central Sweden. Our other findings imply that Norway spruce was present shortly after deglaciation at the margins of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet, and support previously disputed finds of pollen in southern Sweden claiming spruce establishment during the Lateglacial.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {1},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Nature Communications},\\n\\tauthor = {Nota, Kevin and Klaminder, Jonatan and Milesi, Pascal and Bindler, Richard and Nobile, Alessandro and van Steijn, Tamara and Bertilsson, Stefan and Svensson, Brita and Hirota, Shun K. and Matsuo, Ayumi and Gunnarsson, Urban and Seppä, Heikki and Väliranta, Minna M. and Wohlfarth, Barbara and Suyama, Yoshihisa and Parducci, Laura},\\n\\tmonth = mar,\\n\\tyear = {2022},\\n\\tnote = {Publisher: Nature Publishing Group},\\n\\tkeywords = {Ecological genetics, Plant evolution},\\n\\tpages = {1333},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Nota, K.\",\"Klaminder, J.\",\"Milesi, P.\",\"Bindler, R.\",\"Nobile, A.\",\"van Steijn, T.\",\"Bertilsson, S.\",\"Svensson, B.\",\"Hirota, S. K.\",\"Matsuo, A.\",\"Gunnarsson, U.\",\"Seppä, H.\",\"Väliranta, M. M.\",\"Wohlfarth, B.\",\"Suyama, Y.\",\"Parducci, L.\"],\"key\":\"nota_norway_2022\",\"id\":\"nota_norway_2022\",\"bibbaseid\":\"nota-klaminder-milesi-bindler-nobile-vansteijn-bertilsson-svensson-etal-norwaysprucepostglacialrecolonizationoffennoscandia-2022\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-022-28976-4\"},\"keyword\":[\"Ecological genetics\",\"Plant evolution\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Effects of Habitat-Specific Primary Production on Fish Size, Biomass, and Production in Northern Oligotrophic Lakes\",\"volume\":\"25\",\"issn\":\"1435-0629\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-021-00733-6\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10021-021-00733-6\",\"abstract\":\"Ecological theory predicts that the relative distribution of primary production across habitats influence fish size structure and biomass production. In this study, we assessed individual, population, and community-level consequences for brown trout (Salmo trutta) and Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) of variation in estimated habitat specific (benthic and pelagic) and total whole lake (GPPwhole) gross primary production in 27 northern oligotrophic lakes. We found that higher contribution of benthic primary production to GPPwhole was associated with higher community biomass and larger maximum and mean sizes of fish. At the population level, species-specific responses differed. Increased benthic primary production (GPPBenthic) correlated to higher population biomass of brown trout regardless of being alone or in sympatry, while Arctic char responded positively to pelagic primary production (GPPPelagic) in sympatric populations. In sympatric lakes, the maximum size of both species was positively related to both GPPBenthic and the benthic contribution to GPPWhole. In allopatric lakes, brown trout mean and maximum size and Arctic char mean size were positively related to the benthic proportion of GPPWhole. Our results highlight the importance of light-controlled benthic primary production for fish biomass production in oligotrophic northern lakes. Our results further suggest that consequences of ontogenetic asymmetry and niche shifts may cause the distribution of primary production across habitats to be more important than the total ecosystem primary production for fish size, population biomass, and production. Awareness of the relationships between light availability and asymmetric resource production favoring large fish and fish production may allow for cost-efficient and more informed management actions in northern oligotrophic lakes.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"7\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"journal\":\"Ecosystems\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Norman\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sven\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Nilsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Karin\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Klaus\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Marcus\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Seekell\"],\"firstnames\":[\"David\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Karlsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Byström\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Pär\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"November\",\"year\":\"2022\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Arctic char, Benthic primary production, Brown trout, Keywords, Lake productivity, Ontogenetic asymmetry, Pelagic primary production\",\"pages\":\"1555–1570\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{norman_effects_2022,\\n\\ttitle = {Effects of {Habitat}-{Specific} {Primary} {Production} on {Fish} {Size}, {Biomass}, and {Production} in {Northern} {Oligotrophic} {Lakes}},\\n\\tvolume = {25},\\n\\tissn = {1435-0629},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-021-00733-6},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s10021-021-00733-6},\\n\\tabstract = {Ecological theory predicts that the relative distribution of primary production across habitats influence fish size structure and biomass production. In this study, we assessed individual, population, and community-level consequences for brown trout (Salmo trutta) and Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) of variation in estimated habitat specific (benthic and pelagic) and total whole lake (GPPwhole) gross primary production in 27 northern oligotrophic lakes. We found that higher contribution of benthic primary production to GPPwhole was associated with higher community biomass and larger maximum and mean sizes of fish. At the population level, species-specific responses differed. Increased benthic primary production (GPPBenthic) correlated to higher population biomass of brown trout regardless of being alone or in sympatry, while Arctic char responded positively to pelagic primary production (GPPPelagic) in sympatric populations. In sympatric lakes, the maximum size of both species was positively related to both GPPBenthic and the benthic contribution to GPPWhole. In allopatric lakes, brown trout mean and maximum size and Arctic char mean size were positively related to the benthic proportion of GPPWhole. Our results highlight the importance of light-controlled benthic primary production for fish biomass production in oligotrophic northern lakes. Our results further suggest that consequences of ontogenetic asymmetry and niche shifts may cause the distribution of primary production across habitats to be more important than the total ecosystem primary production for fish size, population biomass, and production. Awareness of the relationships between light availability and asymmetric resource production favoring large fish and fish production may allow for cost-efficient and more informed management actions in northern oligotrophic lakes.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {7},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-27},\\n\\tjournal = {Ecosystems},\\n\\tauthor = {Norman, Sven and Nilsson, Karin A. and Klaus, Marcus and Seekell, David and Karlsson, Jan and Byström, Pär},\\n\\tmonth = nov,\\n\\tyear = {2022},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Arctic char, Benthic primary production, Brown trout, Keywords, Lake productivity, Ontogenetic asymmetry, Pelagic primary production},\\n\\tpages = {1555--1570},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Norman, S.\",\"Nilsson, K. A.\",\"Klaus, M.\",\"Seekell, D.\",\"Karlsson, J.\",\"Byström, P.\"],\"key\":\"norman_effects_2022\",\"id\":\"norman_effects_2022\",\"bibbaseid\":\"norman-nilsson-klaus-seekell-karlsson-bystrm-effectsofhabitatspecificprimaryproductiononfishsizebiomassandproductioninnorthernoligotrophiclakes-2022\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-021-00733-6\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Arctic char\",\"Benthic primary production\",\"Brown trout\",\"Keywords\",\"Lake productivity\",\"Ontogenetic asymmetry\",\"Pelagic primary production\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Nutrients influence seasonal metabolic patterns and total productivity of Arctic streams\",\"volume\":\"66\",\"copyright\":\"© 2020 The Authors. Limnology and Oceanography published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography.\",\"issn\":\"1939-5590\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lno.11614\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/lno.11614\",\"abstract\":\"The seasonality of gross primary production (GPP) in streams is driven by multiple physical and chemical factors, yet incident light is often thought to be most important. In Arctic tundra streams, however, light is available in saturating amounts throughout the summer, but sharp declines in nutrient supply during the terrestrial growing season may constrain aquatic productivity. Given the opposing seasonality of these drivers, we hypothesized that “shoulder seasons”—spring and autumn—represent critical time windows when light and nutrients align to optimize rates of stream productivity in the Arctic. To test this, we measured annual patterns of GPP and biofilm accumulation in eight streams in Arctic Sweden. We found that the aquatic growing season length differed by 4 months across streams and was determined largely by the timing of ice-off in spring. During the growing season, temporal variability in GPP for nitrogen (N) poor streams was correlated with inorganic N concentration, while in more N-rich streams GPP was instead linked to changes in phosphorus and light. Annual GPP varied ninefold among streams and was enhanced by N availability, the length of ice-free period, and low flood frequency. Finally, network scale estimates of GPP highlight the overall significance of the shoulder seasons, which accounted for 48% of annual productivity. We suggest that the timing of ice off and nutrient supply from land interact to regulate the annual metabolic regimes of nutrient poor, Arctic streams, leading to unexpected peaks in productivity that are offset from the terrestrial growing season.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"S1\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Limnology and Oceanography\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Myrstener\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Maria\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Gómez-Gener\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Lluís\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Rocher-Ros\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Gerard\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Giesler\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Reiner\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sponseller\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ryan\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2021\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lno.11614\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource\",\"pages\":\"S182–S196\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{myrstener_nutrients_2021,\\n\\ttitle = {Nutrients influence seasonal metabolic patterns and total productivity of {Arctic} streams},\\n\\tvolume = {66},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2020 The Authors. Limnology and Oceanography published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography.},\\n\\tissn = {1939-5590},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lno.11614},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1002/lno.11614},\\n\\tabstract = {The seasonality of gross primary production (GPP) in streams is driven by multiple physical and chemical factors, yet incident light is often thought to be most important. In Arctic tundra streams, however, light is available in saturating amounts throughout the summer, but sharp declines in nutrient supply during the terrestrial growing season may constrain aquatic productivity. Given the opposing seasonality of these drivers, we hypothesized that “shoulder seasons”—spring and autumn—represent critical time windows when light and nutrients align to optimize rates of stream productivity in the Arctic. To test this, we measured annual patterns of GPP and biofilm accumulation in eight streams in Arctic Sweden. We found that the aquatic growing season length differed by 4 months across streams and was determined largely by the timing of ice-off in spring. During the growing season, temporal variability in GPP for nitrogen (N) poor streams was correlated with inorganic N concentration, while in more N-rich streams GPP was instead linked to changes in phosphorus and light. Annual GPP varied ninefold among streams and was enhanced by N availability, the length of ice-free period, and low flood frequency. Finally, network scale estimates of GPP highlight the overall significance of the shoulder seasons, which accounted for 48\\\\% of annual productivity. We suggest that the timing of ice off and nutrient supply from land interact to regulate the annual metabolic regimes of nutrient poor, Arctic streams, leading to unexpected peaks in productivity that are offset from the terrestrial growing season.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {S1},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Limnology and Oceanography},\\n\\tauthor = {Myrstener, Maria and Gómez-Gener, Lluís and Rocher-Ros, Gerard and Giesler, Reiner and Sponseller, Ryan A.},\\n\\tyear = {2021},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lno.11614},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource},\\n\\tpages = {S182--S196},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Myrstener, M.\",\"Gómez-Gener, L.\",\"Rocher-Ros, G.\",\"Giesler, R.\",\"Sponseller, R. A.\"],\"key\":\"myrstener_nutrients_2021\",\"id\":\"myrstener_nutrients_2021\",\"bibbaseid\":\"myrstener-gmezgener-rocherros-giesler-sponseller-nutrientsinfluenceseasonalmetabolicpatternsandtotalproductivityofarcticstreams-2021\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lno.11614\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Higher vascular plant abundance associated with decreased ecosystem respiration after 20 years of warming in the forest–tundra ecotone\",\"volume\":\"38\",\"copyright\":\"© 2023 The Authors. Functional Ecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Ecological Society.\",\"issn\":\"1365-2435\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1365-2435.14466\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/1365-2435.14466\",\"abstract\":\"The on-going climate warming is promoting shrub abundance in high latitudes, but the effect of this phenomenon on ecosystem functioning is expected to depend on whether deciduous or evergreen species increase in response to warming. To explore effects of long-term warming on shrubs and further on ecosystem functioning, we analysed vegetation and ecosystem CO2 exchange after 20 years of warming in the forest–tundra ecotone in subarctic Sweden. A previous study conducted 9 years earlier had found increased evergreen Empetrum nigrum ssp. hermaphroditum in the forest and increased deciduous Betula nana in the tundra. Following current understanding, we expected continued increase in shrub abundance that would be stronger in tundra than in forest. We expected warming to increase ecosystem respiration (Re) and gross primary productivity (GPP), with a greater increase in Re in tundra due to increased deciduous shrub abundance, leading to a less negative net ecosystem exchange and reduced ecosystem C sink strength. As predicted, vascular plant abundances were higher in the warmed plots with a stronger response in tundra than in forest. However, whereas B. nana had increased in abundance since the last survey, E. hermaphroditum abundance had declined due to several moth and rodent outbreaks during the past decade. In contrast to predictions, Re was significantly lower in the warmed plots irrespective of habitat, and GPP increased marginally only in the forest. The lower Re and a higher GPP under warming in the forest together led to increased net C sink. Re was negatively associated with the total vascular plant abundance. Our results highlight the importance of disturbance regimes for vegetation responses to warming. Climate warming may promote species with both a high capacity to grow under warmer conditions and a resilience towards herbivore outbreaks. Negative correlation between Re and total vascular plant abundance further indicate that the indirect impacts of increased plants on soil microclimate may become increasingly important for ecosystem CO2 exchange in the long run, which adds to the different mechanisms that link warming and CO2 fluxes in northern ecosystems. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"1\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Functional Ecology\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Myrsky\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Eero\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Mikola\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Juha\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kaarlejärvi\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Elina\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Olofsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Johan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sjögersten\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sofie\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Tupek\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Boris\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Männistö\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Minna\",\"K.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Stark\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sari\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2024\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2435.14466\",\"keywords\":\"CO2 exchange, arctic greening, climate change, deciduous dwarf shrubs, evergreen dwarf shrubs, moth outbreaks, ⛔ No DOI found\",\"pages\":\"219–232\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{myrsky_higher_2024,\\n\\ttitle = {Higher vascular plant abundance associated with decreased ecosystem respiration after 20 years of warming in the forest–tundra ecotone},\\n\\tvolume = {38},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2023 The Authors. Functional Ecology published by John Wiley \\\\& Sons Ltd on behalf of British Ecological Society.},\\n\\tissn = {1365-2435},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1365-2435.14466},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/1365-2435.14466},\\n\\tabstract = {The on-going climate warming is promoting shrub abundance in high latitudes, but the effect of this phenomenon on ecosystem functioning is expected to depend on whether deciduous or evergreen species increase in response to warming. To explore effects of long-term warming on shrubs and further on ecosystem functioning, we analysed vegetation and ecosystem CO2 exchange after 20 years of warming in the forest–tundra ecotone in subarctic Sweden. A previous study conducted 9 years earlier had found increased evergreen Empetrum nigrum ssp. hermaphroditum in the forest and increased deciduous Betula nana in the tundra. Following current understanding, we expected continued increase in shrub abundance that would be stronger in tundra than in forest. We expected warming to increase ecosystem respiration (Re) and gross primary productivity (GPP), with a greater increase in Re in tundra due to increased deciduous shrub abundance, leading to a less negative net ecosystem exchange and reduced ecosystem C sink strength. As predicted, vascular plant abundances were higher in the warmed plots with a stronger response in tundra than in forest. However, whereas B. nana had increased in abundance since the last survey, E. hermaphroditum abundance had declined due to several moth and rodent outbreaks during the past decade. In contrast to predictions, Re was significantly lower in the warmed plots irrespective of habitat, and GPP increased marginally only in the forest. The lower Re and a higher GPP under warming in the forest together led to increased net C sink. Re was negatively associated with the total vascular plant abundance. Our results highlight the importance of disturbance regimes for vegetation responses to warming. Climate warming may promote species with both a high capacity to grow under warmer conditions and a resilience towards herbivore outbreaks. Negative correlation between Re and total vascular plant abundance further indicate that the indirect impacts of increased plants on soil microclimate may become increasingly important for ecosystem CO2 exchange in the long run, which adds to the different mechanisms that link warming and CO2 fluxes in northern ecosystems. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {1},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Functional Ecology},\\n\\tauthor = {Myrsky, Eero and Mikola, Juha and Kaarlejärvi, Elina and Olofsson, Johan and Sjögersten, Sofie and Tupek, Boris and Männistö, Minna K. and Stark, Sari},\\n\\tyear = {2024},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1365-2435.14466},\\n\\tkeywords = {CO2 exchange, arctic greening, climate change, deciduous dwarf shrubs, evergreen dwarf shrubs, moth outbreaks, ⛔ No DOI found},\\n\\tpages = {219--232},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Myrsky, E.\",\"Mikola, J.\",\"Kaarlejärvi, E.\",\"Olofsson, J.\",\"Sjögersten, S.\",\"Tupek, B.\",\"Männistö, M. K.\",\"Stark, S.\"],\"key\":\"myrsky_higher_2024\",\"id\":\"myrsky_higher_2024\",\"bibbaseid\":\"myrsky-mikola-kaarlejrvi-olofsson-sjgersten-tupek-mnnist-stark-highervascularplantabundanceassociatedwithdecreasedecosystemrespirationafter20yearsofwarmingintheforesttundraecotone-2024\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1365-2435.14466\"},\"keyword\":[\"CO2 exchange\",\"arctic greening\",\"climate change\",\"deciduous dwarf shrubs\",\"evergreen dwarf shrubs\",\"moth outbreaks\",\"⛔ No DOI found\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"series\":\"The value of long-term ecosystem research (LTER): Addressing global change ecology using site-based data\",\"title\":\"Assessing resilience in long-term ecological data sets\",\"volume\":\"65\",\"issn\":\"1470-160X\",\"url\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X15006305\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.10.066\",\"abstract\":\"In this paper the concept of resilience is discussed on the base of 13 case studies from the German branch of the International Long-Term Ecological Research Program. In the introduction the resilience approach is presented as one possibility to describe ecosystem dynamics. The relations with the concepts of adaptability and ecological integrity are discussed and the research questions are formulated. The focal research objectives are related to the conditions of resilient behaviour of ecosystems, the role of spatio-temporal scales, the differences between short- or long-term dynamics, the basic methodological requirements to exactly define resilience, the role of the reference state and indicators and the suitability of resilience as a management concept. The main part of the paper consists of 13 small case study descriptions, which demonstrate phase transitions and resilient dynamics of several terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems at different time scales. In the discussion, some problems arising from the interpretation of the time series are highlighted and discussed. The topics of discussion are the conceptual challenges of the resilience approach, methodological problems, the role of indicator selection, the complex interactions between different disturbances, the significance of time scales and a comparison of the case studies. The article ends with a conclusion which focuses on the demand to link resilience with adaptability, in order to support the long-term dynamics of ecosystem development.\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Ecological Indicators\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Müller\"],\"firstnames\":[\"F.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bergmann\"],\"firstnames\":[\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Dannowski\"],\"firstnames\":[\"R.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Dippner\"],\"firstnames\":[\"J.\",\"W.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Gnauck\"],\"firstnames\":[\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Haase\"],\"firstnames\":[\"P.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jochimsen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Marc\",\"C.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kasprzak\"],\"firstnames\":[\"P.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kröncke\"],\"firstnames\":[\"I.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kümmerlin\"],\"firstnames\":[\"R.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Küster\"],\"firstnames\":[\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lischeid\"],\"firstnames\":[\"G.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Meesenburg\"],\"firstnames\":[\"H.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Merz\"],\"firstnames\":[\"C.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Millat\"],\"firstnames\":[\"G.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Müller\"],\"firstnames\":[\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Padisák\"],\"firstnames\":[\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Schimming\"],\"firstnames\":[\"C.\",\"G.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Schubert\"],\"firstnames\":[\"H.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Schult\"],\"firstnames\":[\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Selmeczy\"],\"firstnames\":[\"G.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Shatwell\"],\"firstnames\":[\"T.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Stoll\"],\"firstnames\":[\"S.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Schwabe\"],\"firstnames\":[\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Soltwedel\"],\"firstnames\":[\"T.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Straile\"],\"firstnames\":[\"D.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Theuerkauf\"],\"firstnames\":[\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"June\",\"year\":\"2016\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Ecosystem resilience and adaptability, Indicator selection, LTER, Long-term ecological research, Spatio-temporal scales\",\"pages\":\"10–43\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{muller_assessing_2016,\\n\\tseries = {The value of long-term ecosystem research ({LTER}): {Addressing} global change ecology using site-based data},\\n\\ttitle = {Assessing resilience in long-term ecological data sets},\\n\\tvolume = {65},\\n\\tissn = {1470-160X},\\n\\turl = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X15006305},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.10.066},\\n\\tabstract = {In this paper the concept of resilience is discussed on the base of 13 case studies from the German branch of the International Long-Term Ecological Research Program. In the introduction the resilience approach is presented as one possibility to describe ecosystem dynamics. The relations with the concepts of adaptability and ecological integrity are discussed and the research questions are formulated. The focal research objectives are related to the conditions of resilient behaviour of ecosystems, the role of spatio-temporal scales, the differences between short- or long-term dynamics, the basic methodological requirements to exactly define resilience, the role of the reference state and indicators and the suitability of resilience as a management concept. The main part of the paper consists of 13 small case study descriptions, which demonstrate phase transitions and resilient dynamics of several terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems at different time scales. In the discussion, some problems arising from the interpretation of the time series are highlighted and discussed. The topics of discussion are the conceptual challenges of the resilience approach, methodological problems, the role of indicator selection, the complex interactions between different disturbances, the significance of time scales and a comparison of the case studies. The article ends with a conclusion which focuses on the demand to link resilience with adaptability, in order to support the long-term dynamics of ecosystem development.},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Ecological Indicators},\\n\\tauthor = {Müller, F. and Bergmann, M. and Dannowski, R. and Dippner, J. W. and Gnauck, A. and Haase, P. and Jochimsen, Marc C. and Kasprzak, P. and Kröncke, I. and Kümmerlin, R. and Küster, M. and Lischeid, G. and Meesenburg, H. and Merz, C. and Millat, G. and Müller, J. and Padisák, J. and Schimming, C. G. and Schubert, H. and Schult, M. and Selmeczy, G. and Shatwell, T. and Stoll, S. and Schwabe, M. and Soltwedel, T. and Straile, D. and Theuerkauf, M.},\\n\\tmonth = jun,\\n\\tyear = {2016},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Ecosystem resilience and adaptability, Indicator selection, LTER, Long-term ecological research, Spatio-temporal scales},\\n\\tpages = {10--43},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Müller, F.\",\"Bergmann, M.\",\"Dannowski, R.\",\"Dippner, J. W.\",\"Gnauck, A.\",\"Haase, P.\",\"Jochimsen, M. C.\",\"Kasprzak, P.\",\"Kröncke, I.\",\"Kümmerlin, R.\",\"Küster, M.\",\"Lischeid, G.\",\"Meesenburg, H.\",\"Merz, C.\",\"Millat, G.\",\"Müller, J.\",\"Padisák, J.\",\"Schimming, C. G.\",\"Schubert, H.\",\"Schult, M.\",\"Selmeczy, G.\",\"Shatwell, T.\",\"Stoll, S.\",\"Schwabe, M.\",\"Soltwedel, T.\",\"Straile, D.\",\"Theuerkauf, M.\"],\"key\":\"muller_assessing_2016\",\"id\":\"muller_assessing_2016\",\"bibbaseid\":\"mller-bergmann-dannowski-dippner-gnauck-haase-jochimsen-kasprzak-etal-assessingresilienceinlongtermecologicaldatasets-2016\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X15006305\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Ecosystem resilience and adaptability\",\"Indicator selection\",\"LTER\",\"Long-term ecological research\",\"Spatio-temporal scales\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Concentration-Discharge Patterns Reveal Catchment Controls Over the Stoichiometry of Carbon and Nutrient Supply to Boreal Streams\",\"volume\":\"128\",\"copyright\":\"© 2023. The Authors.\",\"issn\":\"2169-8961\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2022JG007179\",\"doi\":\"10.1029/2022JG007179\",\"abstract\":\"Carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) export from catchments is strongly regulated by interactions between hydrological flowpaths and their terrestrial use/storage. While concentration-discharge (c-Q) relationships have been widely used to understand this interplay for C, N, and P individually, how flow regulates the relative supply of these resources across spatial and temporal scales is not well documented. Here, we analyze c-Q relationships from 12 years of data to test how seasonal flow regulates the concentrations of inorganic N (Dissolved inorganic nitrogen [DIN]) and P (Dissolved inorganic phosphorus [DIP]), dissolved organic N (DON) and C (dissolved organic carbon [DOC]) and their respective ratios across 12 streams in a boreal landscape. We observed opposing c-Q relationships between organic and inorganic solutes. DOC and DON tended toward transport limitation with little year-to-year change, whereas ammonium (NH4) and DIP were increasingly source limited over time. These different c-Q relationships translated into large (up to three-fold) shifts in resource ratios (e.g., DOC:DIN) in response to changes in flow. Our results also highlight strong influences of catchment structure on c-Q patterns, regardless of solute, season, and longer-term directional changes. Here, the organic solute c-Q responses became less transport limited over time; while inorganic solute responses became less source limited with increasing mire/decreasing forest cover. Overall, differences in timing of catchment exports for C, N, and P, create dynamic variation in solute concentrations in streams with subsequent impacts on resource stoichiometry that is central to aquatic ecological processes.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"8\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Mosquera\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Virginia\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Laudon\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Hjalmar\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Blackburn\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Meredith\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hasselquist\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Eliza\",\"Maher\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sponseller\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ryan\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2023\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2022JG007179\",\"keywords\":\"boreal catchments, concentration-discharge relationships, dissolved organic carbon, nitrogen, nutrient stoichiometry, phosphorus\",\"pages\":\"e2022JG007179\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{mosquera_concentration-discharge_2023,\\n\\ttitle = {Concentration-{Discharge} {Patterns} {Reveal} {Catchment} {Controls} {Over} the {Stoichiometry} of {Carbon} and {Nutrient} {Supply} to {Boreal} {Streams}},\\n\\tvolume = {128},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2023. The Authors.},\\n\\tissn = {2169-8961},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2022JG007179},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1029/2022JG007179},\\n\\tabstract = {Carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) export from catchments is strongly regulated by interactions between hydrological flowpaths and their terrestrial use/storage. While concentration-discharge (c-Q) relationships have been widely used to understand this interplay for C, N, and P individually, how flow regulates the relative supply of these resources across spatial and temporal scales is not well documented. Here, we analyze c-Q relationships from 12 years of data to test how seasonal flow regulates the concentrations of inorganic N (Dissolved inorganic nitrogen [DIN]) and P (Dissolved inorganic phosphorus [DIP]), dissolved organic N (DON) and C (dissolved organic carbon [DOC]) and their respective ratios across 12 streams in a boreal landscape. We observed opposing c-Q relationships between organic and inorganic solutes. DOC and DON tended toward transport limitation with little year-to-year change, whereas ammonium (NH4) and DIP were increasingly source limited over time. These different c-Q relationships translated into large (up to three-fold) shifts in resource ratios (e.g., DOC:DIN) in response to changes in flow. Our results also highlight strong influences of catchment structure on c-Q patterns, regardless of solute, season, and longer-term directional changes. Here, the organic solute c-Q responses became less transport limited over time; while inorganic solute responses became less source limited with increasing mire/decreasing forest cover. Overall, differences in timing of catchment exports for C, N, and P, create dynamic variation in solute concentrations in streams with subsequent impacts on resource stoichiometry that is central to aquatic ecological processes.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {8},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences},\\n\\tauthor = {Mosquera, Virginia and Laudon, Hjalmar and Blackburn, Meredith and Hasselquist, Eliza Maher and Sponseller, Ryan A.},\\n\\tyear = {2023},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2022JG007179},\\n\\tkeywords = {boreal catchments, concentration-discharge relationships, dissolved organic carbon, nitrogen, nutrient stoichiometry, phosphorus},\\n\\tpages = {e2022JG007179},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Mosquera, V.\",\"Laudon, H.\",\"Blackburn, M.\",\"Hasselquist, E. M.\",\"Sponseller, R. A.\"],\"key\":\"mosquera_concentration-discharge_2023\",\"id\":\"mosquera_concentration-discharge_2023\",\"bibbaseid\":\"mosquera-laudon-blackburn-hasselquist-sponseller-concentrationdischargepatternsrevealcatchmentcontrolsoverthestoichiometryofcarbonandnutrientsupplytoborealstreams-2023\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2022JG007179\"},\"keyword\":[\"boreal catchments\",\"concentration-discharge relationships\",\"dissolved organic carbon\",\"nitrogen\",\"nutrient stoichiometry\",\"phosphorus\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Controlling biases in targeted plant removal experiments\",\"volume\":\"n/a\",\"copyright\":\"© 2023 The Authors. New Phytologist © 2023 New Phytologist Foundation\",\"issn\":\"1469-8137\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/nph.19386\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/nph.19386\",\"abstract\":\"Targeted removal experiments are a powerful tool to assess the effects of plant species or (functional) groups on ecosystem functions. However, removing plant biomass in itself can bias the observed responses. This bias is commonly addressed by waiting until ecosystem recovery, but this is inherently based on unverified proxies or anecdotal evidence. Statistical control methods are efficient, but restricted in scope by underlying assumptions. We propose accounting for such biases within the experimental design, using a gradient of biomass removal controls. We demonstrate the relevance of this design by presenting (1) conceptual examples of suspected biases and (2) how to observe and control for these biases. Using data from a mycorrhizal association-based removal experiment, we show that ignoring biomass removal biases (including by assuming ecosystem recovery) can lead to incorrect, or even contrary conclusions (e.g. false positive and false negative). Our gradient design can prevent such incorrect interpretations, regardless of whether aboveground biomass has fully recovered. Our approach provides more objective and quantitative insights, independently assessed for each variable, than using a proxy to assume ecosystem recovery. Our approach circumvents the strict statistical assumptions of, for example, ANCOVA and thus offers greater flexibility in data analysis.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"n/a\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"New Phytologist\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Monteux\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sylvain\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Blume-Werry\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Gesche\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Gavazov\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Konstantin\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kirchhoff\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Leah\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Krab\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Eveline\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lett\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Signe\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Pedersen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Emily\",\"P.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Väisänen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Maria\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/nph.19386\",\"keywords\":\"Monte Carlo simulations, biomass removal gradient, disturbance bias, ectomycorrhizal plant, ericoid mycorrhizal plant, plant removal experiment, shrubification\",\"pages\":\"19386\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{monteux_controlling_nodate,\\n\\ttitle = {Controlling biases in targeted plant removal experiments},\\n\\tvolume = {n/a},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2023 The Authors. New Phytologist © 2023 New Phytologist Foundation},\\n\\tissn = {1469-8137},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/nph.19386},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/nph.19386},\\n\\tabstract = {Targeted removal experiments are a powerful tool to assess the effects of plant species or (functional) groups on ecosystem functions. However, removing plant biomass in itself can bias the observed responses. This bias is commonly addressed by waiting until ecosystem recovery, but this is inherently based on unverified proxies or anecdotal evidence. Statistical control methods are efficient, but restricted in scope by underlying assumptions. We propose accounting for such biases within the experimental design, using a gradient of biomass removal controls. We demonstrate the relevance of this design by presenting (1) conceptual examples of suspected biases and (2) how to observe and control for these biases. Using data from a mycorrhizal association-based removal experiment, we show that ignoring biomass removal biases (including by assuming ecosystem recovery) can lead to incorrect, or even contrary conclusions (e.g. false positive and false negative). Our gradient design can prevent such incorrect interpretations, regardless of whether aboveground biomass has fully recovered. Our approach provides more objective and quantitative insights, independently assessed for each variable, than using a proxy to assume ecosystem recovery. Our approach circumvents the strict statistical assumptions of, for example, ANCOVA and thus offers greater flexibility in data analysis.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {n/a},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {New Phytologist},\\n\\tauthor = {Monteux, Sylvain and Blume-Werry, Gesche and Gavazov, Konstantin and Kirchhoff, Leah and Krab, Eveline J. and Lett, Signe and Pedersen, Emily P. and Väisänen, Maria},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/nph.19386},\\n\\tkeywords = {Monte Carlo simulations, biomass removal gradient, disturbance bias, ectomycorrhizal plant, ericoid mycorrhizal plant, plant removal experiment, shrubification},\\n\\tpages = {19386},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Monteux, S.\",\"Blume-Werry, G.\",\"Gavazov, K.\",\"Kirchhoff, L.\",\"Krab, E. J.\",\"Lett, S.\",\"Pedersen, E. P.\",\"Väisänen, M.\"],\"key\":\"monteux_controlling_nodate\",\"id\":\"monteux_controlling_nodate\",\"bibbaseid\":\"monteux-blumewerry-gavazov-kirchhoff-krab-lett-pedersen-visnen-controllingbiasesintargetedplantremovalexperiments\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/nph.19386\"},\"keyword\":[\"Monte Carlo simulations\",\"biomass removal gradient\",\"disturbance bias\",\"ectomycorrhizal plant\",\"ericoid mycorrhizal plant\",\"plant removal experiment\",\"shrubification\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Both seed germination and seedling mortality increase with experimental warming and fertilization in a subarctic tundra\",\"volume\":\"9\",\"issn\":\"2041-2851\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plx040\",\"doi\":\"10.1093/aobpla/plx040\",\"abstract\":\"Climate change is expected to force many species in arctic regions to migrate and track their climatic niche. This requires recruitment from seed, which currently shows very low rates in arctic regions, where long-lived and vegetatively reproducing plants dominate. Therefore, we pose the question whether recruitment (germination and seedling establishment) in arctic regions will significantly improve in a warmer world, and thus allow species to follow their climatic niche. We used a full factorial experiment to examine if realistic warmer temperatures (+3 °C; infrared radiation) and increased nitrogen availability (+1.4 g N m−2 year−1) affected germination, seedling survival and above- and below-ground seedling biomass in five species common in subarctic regions (Anthoxanthum odoratum, Betula nana, Pinus sylvestris, Solidago virgaurea, Vaccinium myrtillus). We found that warming increased seedling emergence in all species, but that subsequent mortality also increased, resulting in no net warming effect on seedling establishment. Warming slightly increased above-ground seedling biomass. Fertilization, on the other hand, did not influence seedling biomass, but it increased seedling establishment in B. nana while it reduced establishment in V. myrtillus. This may help B. nana dominate over V. myrtillus in warmer tundra. Surprisingly, no interactive effects between warming and fertilization were found. The lack of a general positive response of seedling establishment to warmer and more nutrient-rich conditions suggests that (sub)arctic species may experience difficulties in tracking their climatic niche. Predictions of future species distributions in arctic regions solely based on abiotic factors may therefore overestimate species’ ranges due to their poor establishment. Also, the opposite response to fertilization of two key (sub)arctic dwarf shrubs, i.e. B. nana and V. myrtillus, could have important implications for the future development of arctic plant communities and argues for more research into the role of fertilization for plant establishment.\",\"number\":\"5\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"AoB PLANTS\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Milbau\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ann\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Vandeplas\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Nicolas\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kockelbergh\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Fred\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Nijs\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ivan\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"September\",\"year\":\"2017\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource\",\"pages\":\"plx040\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{milbau_both_2017,\\n\\ttitle = {Both seed germination and seedling mortality increase with experimental warming and fertilization in a subarctic tundra},\\n\\tvolume = {9},\\n\\tissn = {2041-2851},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plx040},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1093/aobpla/plx040},\\n\\tabstract = {Climate change is expected to force many species in arctic regions to migrate and track their climatic niche. This requires recruitment from seed, which currently shows very low rates in arctic regions, where long-lived and vegetatively reproducing plants dominate. Therefore, we pose the question whether recruitment (germination and seedling establishment) in arctic regions will significantly improve in a warmer world, and thus allow species to follow their climatic niche. We used a full factorial experiment to examine if realistic warmer temperatures (+3 °C; infrared radiation) and increased nitrogen availability (+1.4 g N m−2 year−1) affected germination, seedling survival and above- and below-ground seedling biomass in five species common in subarctic regions (Anthoxanthum odoratum, Betula nana, Pinus sylvestris, Solidago virgaurea, Vaccinium myrtillus). We found that warming increased seedling emergence in all species, but that subsequent mortality also increased, resulting in no net warming effect on seedling establishment. Warming slightly increased above-ground seedling biomass. Fertilization, on the other hand, did not influence seedling biomass, but it increased seedling establishment in B. nana while it reduced establishment in V. myrtillus. This may help B. nana dominate over V. myrtillus in warmer tundra. Surprisingly, no interactive effects between warming and fertilization were found. The lack of a general positive response of seedling establishment to warmer and more nutrient-rich conditions suggests that (sub)arctic species may experience difficulties in tracking their climatic niche. Predictions of future species distributions in arctic regions solely based on abiotic factors may therefore overestimate species’ ranges due to their poor establishment. Also, the opposite response to fertilization of two key (sub)arctic dwarf shrubs, i.e. B. nana and V. myrtillus, could have important implications for the future development of arctic plant communities and argues for more research into the role of fertilization for plant establishment.},\\n\\tnumber = {5},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {AoB PLANTS},\\n\\tauthor = {Milbau, Ann and Vandeplas, Nicolas and Kockelbergh, Fred and Nijs, Ivan},\\n\\tmonth = sep,\\n\\tyear = {2017},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource},\\n\\tpages = {plx040},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Milbau, A.\",\"Vandeplas, N.\",\"Kockelbergh, F.\",\"Nijs, I.\"],\"key\":\"milbau_both_2017\",\"id\":\"milbau_both_2017\",\"bibbaseid\":\"milbau-vandeplas-kockelbergh-nijs-bothseedgerminationandseedlingmortalityincreasewithexperimentalwarmingandfertilizationinasubarctictundra-2017\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plx040\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Complete chloroplast genomes of Cerastium alpinum, C. arcticum and C. nigrescens: genome structures, comparative and phylogenetic analysis\",\"volume\":\"13\",\"copyright\":\"2023 The Author(s)\",\"issn\":\"2045-2322\",\"shorttitle\":\"Complete chloroplast genomes of Cerastium alpinum, C. arcticum and C. nigrescens\",\"url\":\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-46017-y\",\"doi\":\"10.1038/s41598-023-46017-y\",\"abstract\":\"The genus Cerastium includes about 200 species that are mostly found in the temperate climates of the Northern Hemisphere. Here we report the complete chloroplast genomes of Cerastium alpinum, C. arcticum and C. nigrescens. The length of cp genomes ranged from 147,940 to 148,722 bp. Their quadripartite circular structure had the same gene organization and content, containing 79 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes, and four rRNA genes. Repeat sequences varied from 16 to 23 per species, with palindromic repeats being the most frequent. The number of identified SSRs ranged from 20 to 23 per species and they were mainly composed of mononucleotide repeats containing A/T units. Based on Ka/Ks ratio values, most genes were subjected to purifying selection. The newly sequenced chloroplast genomes were characterized by a high frequency of RNA editing, including both C to U and U to C conversion. The phylogenetic relationships within the genus Cerastium and family Caryophyllaceae were reconstructed based on the sequences of 71 protein-coding genes. The topology of the phylogenetic tree was consistent with the systematic position of the studied species. All representatives of the genus Cerastium were gathered in a single clade with C. glomeratum sharing the least similarity with the others.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"1\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Scientific Reports\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Milarska\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sylwia\",\"E.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Androsiuk\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Piotr\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Paukszto\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Łukasz\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jastrzębski\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jan\",\"P.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Maździarz\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Mateusz\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Larson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Keith\",\"W.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Giełwanowska\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Irena\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"October\",\"year\":\"2023\",\"note\":\"Publisher: Nature Publishing Group\",\"keywords\":\"Genetics, Plant sciences\",\"pages\":\"18774\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{milarska_complete_2023,\\n\\ttitle = {Complete chloroplast genomes of {Cerastium} alpinum, {C}. arcticum and {C}. nigrescens: genome structures, comparative and phylogenetic analysis},\\n\\tvolume = {13},\\n\\tcopyright = {2023 The Author(s)},\\n\\tissn = {2045-2322},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Complete chloroplast genomes of {Cerastium} alpinum, {C}. arcticum and {C}. nigrescens},\\n\\turl = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-46017-y},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1038/s41598-023-46017-y},\\n\\tabstract = {The genus Cerastium includes about 200 species that are mostly found in the temperate climates of the Northern Hemisphere. Here we report the complete chloroplast genomes of Cerastium alpinum, C. arcticum and C. nigrescens. The length of cp genomes ranged from 147,940 to 148,722 bp. Their quadripartite circular structure had the same gene organization and content, containing 79 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes, and four rRNA genes. Repeat sequences varied from 16 to 23 per species, with palindromic repeats being the most frequent. The number of identified SSRs ranged from 20 to 23 per species and they were mainly composed of mononucleotide repeats containing A/T units. Based on Ka/Ks ratio values, most genes were subjected to purifying selection. The newly sequenced chloroplast genomes were characterized by a high frequency of RNA editing, including both C to U and U to C conversion. The phylogenetic relationships within the genus Cerastium and family Caryophyllaceae were reconstructed based on the sequences of 71 protein-coding genes. The topology of the phylogenetic tree was consistent with the systematic position of the studied species. All representatives of the genus Cerastium were gathered in a single clade with C. glomeratum sharing the least similarity with the others.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {1},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Scientific Reports},\\n\\tauthor = {Milarska, Sylwia E. and Androsiuk, Piotr and Paukszto, Łukasz and Jastrzębski, Jan P. and Maździarz, Mateusz and Larson, Keith W. and Giełwanowska, Irena},\\n\\tmonth = oct,\\n\\tyear = {2023},\\n\\tnote = {Publisher: Nature Publishing Group},\\n\\tkeywords = {Genetics, Plant sciences},\\n\\tpages = {18774},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Milarska, S. E.\",\"Androsiuk, P.\",\"Paukszto, Ł.\",\"Jastrzębski, J. P.\",\"Maździarz, M.\",\"Larson, K. W.\",\"Giełwanowska, I.\"],\"key\":\"milarska_complete_2023\",\"id\":\"milarska_complete_2023\",\"bibbaseid\":\"milarska-androsiuk-paukszto-jastrzbski-madziarz-larson-giewanowska-completechloroplastgenomesofcerastiumalpinumcarcticumandcnigrescensgenomestructurescomparativeandphylogeneticanalysis-2023\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-46017-y\"},\"keyword\":[\"Genetics\",\"Plant sciences\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Interannual variation in seasonal diatom sedimentation reveals the importance of late winter processes and their timing for sediment signal formation\",\"volume\":\"64\",\"copyright\":\"© 2019 Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography\",\"issn\":\"1939-5590\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lno.11106\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/lno.11106\",\"abstract\":\"Disentangling the process information contained in a diatom sediment signature is crucial for reliable future predictions based on paleolimnological records. In this study, we combine limnological and paleolimnological monitoring to address the fundamental question: Which environmental information is contained in a diatom sediment signal? We compared annual diatom sequential sediment trap records with the diatom record of the annually varved lake sediment of Nylandssjön (northern Sweden) from three meteorologically different years (2012–2014). The seasonal patterns in diatom sedimentation were strikingly different in varve years 2012 and 2014 compared to varve year 2013. In 2012 and 2014, up to 70% of the annual flux occurred in a single spring month and was dominated by Cyclotella glomerata. In contrast, in 2013, peak fluxes were much lower and more annually integrated. Next, we compared the full-year diatom trap results with year round in-lake physical, chemical, and biological monitored parameters, as well as meteorological variables. Annual averages of environmental conditions did not explain the interannual variability in diatom sedimentation. Instead, the seasonality of diatom sedimentation was determined by the timing of the spring diatom bloom relative to lake over-turn in winters with warm vs. cold air temperature. With our combined limnological and paleolimnological monitoring approach, we find that an annual diatom signal can either contain primarily seasonal climate information from a short time period or be annually integrated. We synthesize our results in a novel conceptual model, which describes the response of sediment diatom signals to two distinct sequences of late-winter conditions.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"3\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Limnology and Oceanography\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Maier\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Dominique\",\"Béatrice\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Diehl\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sebastian\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bigler\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Christian\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2019\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lno.11106\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource\",\"pages\":\"1186–1199\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{maier_interannual_2019,\\n\\ttitle = {Interannual variation in seasonal diatom sedimentation reveals the importance of late winter processes and their timing for sediment signal formation},\\n\\tvolume = {64},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2019 Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography},\\n\\tissn = {1939-5590},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lno.11106},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1002/lno.11106},\\n\\tabstract = {Disentangling the process information contained in a diatom sediment signature is crucial for reliable future predictions based on paleolimnological records. In this study, we combine limnological and paleolimnological monitoring to address the fundamental question: Which environmental information is contained in a diatom sediment signal? We compared annual diatom sequential sediment trap records with the diatom record of the annually varved lake sediment of Nylandssjön (northern Sweden) from three meteorologically different years (2012–2014). The seasonal patterns in diatom sedimentation were strikingly different in varve years 2012 and 2014 compared to varve year 2013. In 2012 and 2014, up to 70\\\\% of the annual flux occurred in a single spring month and was dominated by Cyclotella glomerata. In contrast, in 2013, peak fluxes were much lower and more annually integrated. Next, we compared the full-year diatom trap results with year round in-lake physical, chemical, and biological monitored parameters, as well as meteorological variables. Annual averages of environmental conditions did not explain the interannual variability in diatom sedimentation. Instead, the seasonality of diatom sedimentation was determined by the timing of the spring diatom bloom relative to lake over-turn in winters with warm vs. cold air temperature. With our combined limnological and paleolimnological monitoring approach, we find that an annual diatom signal can either contain primarily seasonal climate information from a short time period or be annually integrated. We synthesize our results in a novel conceptual model, which describes the response of sediment diatom signals to two distinct sequences of late-winter conditions.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {3},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Limnology and Oceanography},\\n\\tauthor = {Maier, Dominique Béatrice and Diehl, Sebastian and Bigler, Christian},\\n\\tyear = {2019},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lno.11106},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource},\\n\\tpages = {1186--1199},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Maier, D. B.\",\"Diehl, S.\",\"Bigler, C.\"],\"key\":\"maier_interannual_2019\",\"id\":\"maier_interannual_2019\",\"bibbaseid\":\"maier-diehl-bigler-interannualvariationinseasonaldiatomsedimentationrevealstheimportanceoflatewinterprocessesandtheirtimingforsedimentsignalformation-2019\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lno.11106\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Comparison of the distribution and phenology of Arctic Mountain plants between the early 20th and 21st centuries\",\"volume\":\"27\",\"copyright\":\"© 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd\",\"issn\":\"1365-2486\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.15767\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/gcb.15767\",\"abstract\":\"Arctic plants are adapted to climatic variability, but their long-term responses to warming remain unclear. Responses may occur by range shifts, phenological adjustments in growth and reproduction, or both. Here, we compare distribution and phenology of 83 arctic and boreal mountain species, sampled identically in the early 20th (1917–1919) and 21st centuries (2017–2018) from a region of northern Sweden that has warmed significantly. We test two compensatory hypotheses to high-latitude warming—upward shifts in distribution, and earlier or extended growth and reproduction. For distribution, we show dramatic upward migration by 69% of species, averaging 6.1 m per decade, especially boreal woodland taxa whose upward expansion has reduced arctic montane habitat by 30%. Twenty percent of summit species showed distributional shifts but downward, especially moisture-associated snowbed flora. For phenology, we detected wide inter-annual variability in the onset of leafing and flowering in both eras. However, there was no detectable change in growing-season length, relating to two mechanisms. First, plot-level snow melt data starting in 1917 demonstrated that melt date, rather than vernal temperatures, better predicts plant emergence, with snow melt influenced by warmer years having greater snowfall—warmer springs did not always result in earlier emergence because snowbeds can persist longer. Second, the onset of reproductive senescence between eras was similar, even when plant emergence was earlier by a month, possibly due to intensified summer heat stress or hard-wired ‘canalization’ where senescence occurs regardless of summer temperature. Migrations in this system have possibly buffered arctic species against displacement by boreal expansion and warming, but ongoing temperature increases, woody plant invasion, and a potential lack of flexibility in timing of senescence may foreshadow challenges.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"20\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Global Change Biology\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"MacDougall\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Andrew\",\"S.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Caplat\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Paul\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Olofsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Johan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Siewert\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Matthias\",\"B.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bonner\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Colin\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Esch\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ellen\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lessard-Therrien\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Malie\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Rosenzweig\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Hannah\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Schäfer\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Anne-Kathrin\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Raker\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Pia\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ridha\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Hassan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bolmgren\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Kjell\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Fries\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Thore\",\"C.\",\"E.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Larson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Keith\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2021\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.15767\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, arctic flora, climate change, historical data, migration, mountain, phenology, resiliency\",\"pages\":\"5070–5083\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{macdougall_comparison_2021,\\n\\ttitle = {Comparison of the distribution and phenology of {Arctic} {Mountain} plants between the early 20th and 21st centuries},\\n\\tvolume = {27},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2021 John Wiley \\\\& Sons Ltd},\\n\\tissn = {1365-2486},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.15767},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/gcb.15767},\\n\\tabstract = {Arctic plants are adapted to climatic variability, but their long-term responses to warming remain unclear. Responses may occur by range shifts, phenological adjustments in growth and reproduction, or both. Here, we compare distribution and phenology of 83 arctic and boreal mountain species, sampled identically in the early 20th (1917–1919) and 21st centuries (2017–2018) from a region of northern Sweden that has warmed significantly. We test two compensatory hypotheses to high-latitude warming—upward shifts in distribution, and earlier or extended growth and reproduction. For distribution, we show dramatic upward migration by 69\\\\% of species, averaging 6.1 m per decade, especially boreal woodland taxa whose upward expansion has reduced arctic montane habitat by 30\\\\%. Twenty percent of summit species showed distributional shifts but downward, especially moisture-associated snowbed flora. For phenology, we detected wide inter-annual variability in the onset of leafing and flowering in both eras. However, there was no detectable change in growing-season length, relating to two mechanisms. First, plot-level snow melt data starting in 1917 demonstrated that melt date, rather than vernal temperatures, better predicts plant emergence, with snow melt influenced by warmer years having greater snowfall—warmer springs did not always result in earlier emergence because snowbeds can persist longer. Second, the onset of reproductive senescence between eras was similar, even when plant emergence was earlier by a month, possibly due to intensified summer heat stress or hard-wired ‘canalization’ where senescence occurs regardless of summer temperature. Migrations in this system have possibly buffered arctic species against displacement by boreal expansion and warming, but ongoing temperature increases, woody plant invasion, and a potential lack of flexibility in timing of senescence may foreshadow challenges.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {20},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Global Change Biology},\\n\\tauthor = {MacDougall, Andrew S. and Caplat, Paul and Olofsson, Johan and Siewert, Matthias B. and Bonner, Colin and Esch, Ellen and Lessard-Therrien, Malie and Rosenzweig, Hannah and Schäfer, Anne-Kathrin and Raker, Pia and Ridha, Hassan and Bolmgren, Kjell and Fries, Thore C. E. and Larson, Keith},\\n\\tyear = {2021},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.15767},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, arctic flora, climate change, historical data, migration, mountain, phenology, resiliency},\\n\\tpages = {5070--5083},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"MacDougall, A. S.\",\"Caplat, P.\",\"Olofsson, J.\",\"Siewert, M. B.\",\"Bonner, C.\",\"Esch, E.\",\"Lessard-Therrien, M.\",\"Rosenzweig, H.\",\"Schäfer, A.\",\"Raker, P.\",\"Ridha, H.\",\"Bolmgren, K.\",\"Fries, T. C. E.\",\"Larson, K.\"],\"key\":\"macdougall_comparison_2021\",\"id\":\"macdougall_comparison_2021\",\"bibbaseid\":\"macdougall-caplat-olofsson-siewert-bonner-esch-lessardtherrien-rosenzweig-etal-comparisonofthedistributionandphenologyofarcticmountainplantsbetweentheearly20thand21stcenturies-2021\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.15767\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"arctic flora\",\"climate change\",\"historical data\",\"migration\",\"mountain\",\"phenology\",\"resiliency\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"downloads\":2,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Groundwater inflows control patterns and sources of greenhouse gas emissions from streams\",\"volume\":\"64\",\"copyright\":\"© 2019 Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography\",\"issn\":\"1939-5590\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lno.11134\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/lno.11134\",\"abstract\":\"Headwater streams can be important sources of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) to the atmosphere. However, the influence of groundwater–stream connectivity on the patterns and sources of carbon (C) gas evasion is still poorly understood. We explored these connections in the boreal landscape through a detailed study of a 1.4 km lake outlet stream that is hydrologically fed by multiple topographically driven groundwater input zones. We measured stream and groundwater dissolved organic C (DOC), CO2, and CH4 concentrations every 50 m biweekly during the ice-free period and estimated in-stream C gas production through a mass balance model and independent estimates of aquatic metabolism. The spatial pattern of C gas concentrations was consistent over time, with peaks of both CH4 and CO2 concentrations occurring after each groundwater input zone. Moreover, lateral C gas inputs from riparian soils were the major source of CO2 and CH4 to the stream. DOC mineralization and CH4 oxidation within the stream accounted for 17–51% of stream CO2 emissions, and this contribution was the greatest during relatively higher flows. Overall, our results illustrate how the nature and arrangement of groundwater flowpaths can organize patterns of stream C concentrations, transformations, and emissions by acting as a direct source of gases and by supplying organic substrates that fuel aquatic metabolism. Hence, refined assessments of how catchment structure influences the timing and magnitude of groundwater–stream connections are crucial for mechanistically understanding and scaling C evasion rates from headwaters.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"4\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Limnology and Oceanography\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lupon\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Anna\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Denfeld\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Blaize\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Laudon\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Hjalmar\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Leach\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jason\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Karlsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sponseller\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ryan\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2019\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lno.11134\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource\",\"pages\":\"1545–1557\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{lupon_groundwater_2019,\\n\\ttitle = {Groundwater inflows control patterns and sources of greenhouse gas emissions from streams},\\n\\tvolume = {64},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2019 Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography},\\n\\tissn = {1939-5590},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lno.11134},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1002/lno.11134},\\n\\tabstract = {Headwater streams can be important sources of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) to the atmosphere. However, the influence of groundwater–stream connectivity on the patterns and sources of carbon (C) gas evasion is still poorly understood. We explored these connections in the boreal landscape through a detailed study of a 1.4 km lake outlet stream that is hydrologically fed by multiple topographically driven groundwater input zones. We measured stream and groundwater dissolved organic C (DOC), CO2, and CH4 concentrations every 50 m biweekly during the ice-free period and estimated in-stream C gas production through a mass balance model and independent estimates of aquatic metabolism. The spatial pattern of C gas concentrations was consistent over time, with peaks of both CH4 and CO2 concentrations occurring after each groundwater input zone. Moreover, lateral C gas inputs from riparian soils were the major source of CO2 and CH4 to the stream. DOC mineralization and CH4 oxidation within the stream accounted for 17–51\\\\% of stream CO2 emissions, and this contribution was the greatest during relatively higher flows. Overall, our results illustrate how the nature and arrangement of groundwater flowpaths can organize patterns of stream C concentrations, transformations, and emissions by acting as a direct source of gases and by supplying organic substrates that fuel aquatic metabolism. Hence, refined assessments of how catchment structure influences the timing and magnitude of groundwater–stream connections are crucial for mechanistically understanding and scaling C evasion rates from headwaters.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {4},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Limnology and Oceanography},\\n\\tauthor = {Lupon, Anna and Denfeld, Blaize A. and Laudon, Hjalmar and Leach, Jason and Karlsson, Jan and Sponseller, Ryan A.},\\n\\tyear = {2019},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lno.11134},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource},\\n\\tpages = {1545--1557},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Lupon, A.\",\"Denfeld, B. A.\",\"Laudon, H.\",\"Leach, J.\",\"Karlsson, J.\",\"Sponseller, R. A.\"],\"key\":\"lupon_groundwater_2019\",\"id\":\"lupon_groundwater_2019\",\"bibbaseid\":\"lupon-denfeld-laudon-leach-karlsson-sponseller-groundwaterinflowscontrolpatternsandsourcesofgreenhousegasemissionsfromstreams-2019\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lno.11134\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Temperature and spatial connectivity drive patterns in freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity across the Arctic\",\"volume\":\"67\",\"copyright\":\"© 2021 The Authors. Freshwater Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.\",\"issn\":\"1365-2427\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/fwb.13805\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/fwb.13805\",\"abstract\":\"Warming in the Arctic is predicted to change freshwater biodiversity through loss of unique taxa and northward range expansion of lower latitude taxa. Detecting such changes requires establishing circumpolar baselines for diversity, and understanding the primary drivers of diversity. We examined benthic macroinvertebrate diversity using a circumpolar dataset of \\\\textgreater1,500 Arctic lake and river sites. Rarefied α diversity within catchments was assessed along latitude and temperature gradients. Community composition was assessed through region-scale analysis of β diversity and its components (nestedness and turnover), and analysis of biotic–abiotic relationships. Rarefied α diversity of lakes and rivers declined with increasing latitude, although more strongly across mainland regions than islands. Diversity was strongly related to air temperature, with the lowest diversity in the coldest catchments. Regional dissimilarity was highest when mainland regions were compared with islands, suggesting that connectivity limitations led to the strongest dissimilarity. High contributions of nestedness indicated that island regions contained a subset of the taxa found in mainland regions. High Arctic rivers and lakes were predominately occupied by Chironomidae and Oligochaeta, whereas Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera taxa were more abundant at lower latitudes. Community composition was strongly associated with temperature, although geology and precipitation were also important correlates. The strong association with temperature supports the prediction that warming will increase Arctic macroinvertebrate diversity, although low diversity on islands suggests that this increase will be limited by biogeographical constraints. Long-term harmonised monitoring across the circumpolar region is necessary to detect such changes to diversity and inform science-based management.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"1\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Freshwater Biology\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lento\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jennifer\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Culp\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Joseph\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Levenstein\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Brianna\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Aroviita\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jukka\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Baturina\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Maria\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bogan\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Daniel\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Brittain\"],\"firstnames\":[\"John\",\"E.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Chin\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Krista\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Christoffersen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Kirsten\",\"S.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Docherty\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Catherine\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Friberg\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Nikolai\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ingimarsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Finnur\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jacobsen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Dean\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lau\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Danny\",\"Chun\",\"Pong\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Loskutova\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Olga\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Milner\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Alexander\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Mykrä\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Heikki\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Novichkova\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Anna\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ólafsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jón\",\"S.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Schartau\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ann\",\"Kristin\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Shaftel\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Rebecca\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Goedkoop\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Willem\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2022\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/fwb.13805\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, benthic invertebrates, dispersal, diversity, high latitude, lake, river\",\"pages\":\"159–175\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{lento_temperature_2022,\\n\\ttitle = {Temperature and spatial connectivity drive patterns in freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity across the {Arctic}},\\n\\tvolume = {67},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2021 The Authors. Freshwater Biology published by John Wiley \\\\& Sons Ltd.},\\n\\tissn = {1365-2427},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/fwb.13805},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/fwb.13805},\\n\\tabstract = {Warming in the Arctic is predicted to change freshwater biodiversity through loss of unique taxa and northward range expansion of lower latitude taxa. Detecting such changes requires establishing circumpolar baselines for diversity, and understanding the primary drivers of diversity. We examined benthic macroinvertebrate diversity using a circumpolar dataset of {\\\\textgreater}1,500 Arctic lake and river sites. Rarefied α diversity within catchments was assessed along latitude and temperature gradients. Community composition was assessed through region-scale analysis of β diversity and its components (nestedness and turnover), and analysis of biotic–abiotic relationships. Rarefied α diversity of lakes and rivers declined with increasing latitude, although more strongly across mainland regions than islands. Diversity was strongly related to air temperature, with the lowest diversity in the coldest catchments. Regional dissimilarity was highest when mainland regions were compared with islands, suggesting that connectivity limitations led to the strongest dissimilarity. High contributions of nestedness indicated that island regions contained a subset of the taxa found in mainland regions. High Arctic rivers and lakes were predominately occupied by Chironomidae and Oligochaeta, whereas Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera taxa were more abundant at lower latitudes. Community composition was strongly associated with temperature, although geology and precipitation were also important correlates. The strong association with temperature supports the prediction that warming will increase Arctic macroinvertebrate diversity, although low diversity on islands suggests that this increase will be limited by biogeographical constraints. Long-term harmonised monitoring across the circumpolar region is necessary to detect such changes to diversity and inform science-based management.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {1},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Freshwater Biology},\\n\\tauthor = {Lento, Jennifer and Culp, Joseph M. and Levenstein, Brianna and Aroviita, Jukka and Baturina, Maria A. and Bogan, Daniel and Brittain, John E. and Chin, Krista and Christoffersen, Kirsten S. and Docherty, Catherine and Friberg, Nikolai and Ingimarsson, Finnur and Jacobsen, Dean and Lau, Danny Chun Pong and Loskutova, Olga A. and Milner, Alexander and Mykrä, Heikki and Novichkova, Anna A. and Ólafsson, Jón S. and Schartau, Ann Kristin and Shaftel, Rebecca and Goedkoop, Willem},\\n\\tyear = {2022},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/fwb.13805},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, benthic invertebrates, dispersal, diversity, high latitude, lake, river},\\n\\tpages = {159--175},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Lento, J.\",\"Culp, J. M.\",\"Levenstein, B.\",\"Aroviita, J.\",\"Baturina, M. A.\",\"Bogan, D.\",\"Brittain, J. E.\",\"Chin, K.\",\"Christoffersen, K. S.\",\"Docherty, C.\",\"Friberg, N.\",\"Ingimarsson, F.\",\"Jacobsen, D.\",\"Lau, D. C. P.\",\"Loskutova, O. A.\",\"Milner, A.\",\"Mykrä, H.\",\"Novichkova, A. A.\",\"Ólafsson, J. S.\",\"Schartau, A. K.\",\"Shaftel, R.\",\"Goedkoop, W.\"],\"key\":\"lento_temperature_2022\",\"id\":\"lento_temperature_2022\",\"bibbaseid\":\"lento-culp-levenstein-aroviita-baturina-bogan-brittain-chin-etal-temperatureandspatialconnectivitydrivepatternsinfreshwatermacroinvertebratediversityacrossthearctic-2022\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/fwb.13805\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"benthic invertebrates\",\"dispersal\",\"diversity\",\"high latitude\",\"lake\",\"river\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"SoilTemp: A global database of near-surface temperature\",\"volume\":\"26\",\"copyright\":\"© 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd\",\"issn\":\"1365-2486\",\"shorttitle\":\"SoilTemp\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.15123\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/gcb.15123\",\"abstract\":\"Current analyses and predictions of spatially explicit patterns and processes in ecology most often rely on climate data interpolated from standardized weather stations. This interpolated climate data represents long-term average thermal conditions at coarse spatial resolutions only. Hence, many climate-forcing factors that operate at fine spatiotemporal resolutions are overlooked. This is particularly important in relation to effects of observation height (e.g. vegetation, snow and soil characteristics) and in habitats varying in their exposure to radiation, moisture and wind (e.g. topography, radiative forcing or cold-air pooling). Since organisms living close to the ground relate more strongly to these microclimatic conditions than to free-air temperatures, microclimatic ground and near-surface data are needed to provide realistic forecasts of the fate of such organisms under anthropogenic climate change, as well as of the functioning of the ecosystems they live in. To fill this critical gap, we highlight a call for temperature time series submissions to SoilTemp, a geospatial database initiative compiling soil and near-surface temperature data from all over the world. Currently, this database contains time series from 7,538 temperature sensors from 51 countries across all key biomes. The database will pave the way toward an improved global understanding of microclimate and bridge the gap between the available climate data and the climate at fine spatiotemporal resolutions relevant to most organisms and ecosystem processes.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"11\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Global Change 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https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.15123\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, climate change, database, ecosystem processes, microclimate, soil climate, species distributions, temperature, topoclimate\",\"pages\":\"6616–6629\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{lembrechts_soiltemp_2020,\\n\\ttitle = {{SoilTemp}: {A} global database of near-surface temperature},\\n\\tvolume = {26},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2020 John Wiley \\\\& Sons Ltd},\\n\\tissn = {1365-2486},\\n\\tshorttitle = {{SoilTemp}},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.15123},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/gcb.15123},\\n\\tabstract = {Current analyses and predictions of spatially explicit patterns and processes in ecology most often rely on climate data interpolated from standardized weather stations. This interpolated climate data represents long-term average thermal conditions at coarse spatial resolutions only. Hence, many climate-forcing factors that operate at fine spatiotemporal resolutions are overlooked. This is particularly important in relation to effects of observation height (e.g. vegetation, snow and soil characteristics) and in habitats varying in their exposure to radiation, moisture and wind (e.g. topography, radiative forcing or cold-air pooling). Since organisms living close to the ground relate more strongly to these microclimatic conditions than to free-air temperatures, microclimatic ground and near-surface data are needed to provide realistic forecasts of the fate of such organisms under anthropogenic climate change, as well as of the functioning of the ecosystems they live in. To fill this critical gap, we highlight a call for temperature time series submissions to SoilTemp, a geospatial database initiative compiling soil and near-surface temperature data from all over the world. Currently, this database contains time series from 7,538 temperature sensors from 51 countries across all key biomes. The database will pave the way toward an improved global understanding of microclimate and bridge the gap between the available climate data and the climate at fine spatiotemporal resolutions relevant to most organisms and ecosystem processes.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {11},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Global Change Biology},\\n\\tauthor = {Lembrechts, Jonas J. and Aalto, Juha and Ashcroft, Michael B. and De Frenne, Pieter and Kopecký, Martin and Lenoir, Jonathan and Luoto, Miska and Maclean, Ilya M. D. and Roupsard, Olivier and Fuentes-Lillo, Eduardo and García, Rafael A. and Pellissier, Loïc and Pitteloud, Camille and Alatalo, Juha M. and Smith, Stuart W. and Björk, Robert G. and Muffler, Lena and Ratier Backes, Amanda and Cesarz, Simone and Gottschall, Felix and Okello, Joseph and Urban, Josef and Plichta, Roman and Svátek, Martin and Phartyal, Shyam S. and Wipf, Sonja and Eisenhauer, Nico and Pușcaș, Mihai and Turtureanu, Pavel D. and Varlagin, Andrej and Dimarco, Romina D. and Jump, Alistair S. and Randall, Krystal and Dorrepaal, Ellen and Larson, Keith and Walz, Josefine and Vitale, Luca and Svoboda, Miroslav and Finger Higgens, Rebecca and Halbritter, Aud H. and Curasi, Salvatore R. and Klupar, Ian and Koontz, Austin and Pearse, William D. and Simpson, Elizabeth and Stemkovski, Michael and Jessen Graae, Bente and Vedel Sørensen, Mia and Høye, Toke T. and Fernández Calzado, M. Rosa and Lorite, Juan and Carbognani, Michele and Tomaselli, Marcello and Forte, T'ai G. W. and Petraglia, Alessandro and Haesen, Stef and Somers, Ben and Van Meerbeek, Koenraad and Björkman, Mats P. and Hylander, Kristoffer and Merinero, Sonia and Gharun, Mana and Buchmann, Nina and Dolezal, Jiri and Matula, Radim and Thomas, Andrew D. and Bailey, Joseph J. and Ghosn, Dany and Kazakis, George and de Pablo, Miguel A. and Kemppinen, Julia and Niittynen, Pekka and Rew, Lisa and Seipel, Tim and Larson, Christian and Speed, James D. M. and Ardö, Jonas and Cannone, Nicoletta and Guglielmin, Mauro and Malfasi, Francesco and Bader, Maaike Y. and Canessa, Rafaella and Stanisci, Angela and Kreyling, Juergen and Schmeddes, Jonas and Teuber, Laurenz and Aschero, Valeria and Čiliak, Marek and Máliš, František and De Smedt, Pallieter and Govaert, Sanne and Meeussen, Camille and Vangansbeke, Pieter and Gigauri, Khatuna and Lamprecht, Andrea and Pauli, Harald and Steinbauer, Klaus and Winkler, Manuela and Ueyama, Masahito and Nuñez, Martin A. and Ursu, Tudor-Mihai and Haider, Sylvia and Wedegärtner, Ronja E. M. and Smiljanic, Marko and Trouillier, Mario and Wilmking, Martin and Altman, Jan and Brůna, Josef and Hederová, Lucia and Macek, Martin and Man, Matěj and Wild, Jan and Vittoz, Pascal and Pärtel, Meelis and Barančok, Peter and Kanka, Róbert and Kollár, Jozef and Palaj, Andrej and Barros, Agustina and Mazzolari, Ana C. and Bauters, Marijn and Boeckx, Pascal and Benito Alonso, José-Luis and Zong, Shengwei and Di Cecco, Valter and Sitková, Zuzana and Tielbörger, Katja and van den Brink, Liesbeth and Weigel, Robert and Homeier, Jürgen and Dahlberg, C. Johan and Medinets, Sergiy and Medinets, Volodymyr and De Boeck, Hans J. and Portillo-Estrada, Miguel and Verryckt, Lore T. and Milbau, Ann and Daskalova, Gergana N. and Thomas, Haydn J. D. and Myers-Smith, Isla H. and Blonder, Benjamin and Stephan, Jörg G. and Descombes, Patrice and Zellweger, Florian and Frei, Esther R. and Heinesch, Bernard and Andrews, Christopher and Dick, Jan and Siebicke, Lukas and Rocha, Adrian and Senior, Rebecca A. and Rixen, Christian and Jimenez, Juan J. and Boike, Julia and Pauchard, Aníbal and Scholten, Thomas and Scheffers, Brett and Klinges, David and Basham, Edmund W. and Zhang, Jian and Zhang, Zhaochen and Géron, Charly and Fazlioglu, Fatih and Candan, Onur and Sallo Bravo, Jhonatan and Hrbacek, Filip and Laska, Kamil and Cremonese, Edoardo and Haase, Peter and Moyano, Fernando E. and Rossi, Christian and Nijs, Ivan},\\n\\tyear = {2020},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.15123},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, climate change, database, ecosystem processes, microclimate, soil climate, species distributions, temperature, topoclimate},\\n\\tpages = {6616--6629},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Lembrechts, J. J.\",\"Aalto, J.\",\"Ashcroft, M. B.\",\"De Frenne, P.\",\"Kopecký, M.\",\"Lenoir, J.\",\"Luoto, M.\",\"Maclean, I. M. D.\",\"Roupsard, O.\",\"Fuentes-Lillo, E.\",\"García, R. A.\",\"Pellissier, L.\",\"Pitteloud, C.\",\"Alatalo, J. M.\",\"Smith, S. W.\",\"Björk, R. G.\",\"Muffler, L.\",\"Ratier Backes, A.\",\"Cesarz, S.\",\"Gottschall, F.\",\"Okello, J.\",\"Urban, J.\",\"Plichta, R.\",\"Svátek, M.\",\"Phartyal, S. S.\",\"Wipf, S.\",\"Eisenhauer, N.\",\"Pușcaș, M.\",\"Turtureanu, P. D.\",\"Varlagin, A.\",\"Dimarco, R. D.\",\"Jump, A. S.\",\"Randall, K.\",\"Dorrepaal, E.\",\"Larson, K.\",\"Walz, J.\",\"Vitale, L.\",\"Svoboda, M.\",\"Finger Higgens, R.\",\"Halbritter, A. H.\",\"Curasi, S. R.\",\"Klupar, I.\",\"Koontz, A.\",\"Pearse, W. D.\",\"Simpson, E.\",\"Stemkovski, M.\",\"Jessen Graae, B.\",\"Vedel Sørensen, M.\",\"Høye, T. T.\",\"Fernández Calzado, M. R.\",\"Lorite, J.\",\"Carbognani, M.\",\"Tomaselli, M.\",\"Forte, T. G. W.\",\"Petraglia, A.\",\"Haesen, S.\",\"Somers, B.\",\"Van Meerbeek, K.\",\"Björkman, M. P.\",\"Hylander, K.\",\"Merinero, S.\",\"Gharun, M.\",\"Buchmann, N.\",\"Dolezal, J.\",\"Matula, R.\",\"Thomas, A. D.\",\"Bailey, J. J.\",\"Ghosn, D.\",\"Kazakis, G.\",\"de Pablo, M. A.\",\"Kemppinen, J.\",\"Niittynen, P.\",\"Rew, L.\",\"Seipel, T.\",\"Larson, C.\",\"Speed, J. D. M.\",\"Ardö, J.\",\"Cannone, N.\",\"Guglielmin, M.\",\"Malfasi, F.\",\"Bader, M. Y.\",\"Canessa, R.\",\"Stanisci, A.\",\"Kreyling, J.\",\"Schmeddes, J.\",\"Teuber, L.\",\"Aschero, V.\",\"Čiliak, M.\",\"Máliš, F.\",\"De Smedt, P.\",\"Govaert, S.\",\"Meeussen, C.\",\"Vangansbeke, P.\",\"Gigauri, K.\",\"Lamprecht, A.\",\"Pauli, H.\",\"Steinbauer, K.\",\"Winkler, M.\",\"Ueyama, M.\",\"Nuñez, M. A.\",\"Ursu, T.\",\"Haider, S.\",\"Wedegärtner, R. E. M.\",\"Smiljanic, M.\",\"Trouillier, M.\",\"Wilmking, M.\",\"Altman, J.\",\"Brůna, J.\",\"Hederová, L.\",\"Macek, M.\",\"Man, M.\",\"Wild, J.\",\"Vittoz, P.\",\"Pärtel, M.\",\"Barančok, P.\",\"Kanka, R.\",\"Kollár, J.\",\"Palaj, A.\",\"Barros, A.\",\"Mazzolari, A. C.\",\"Bauters, M.\",\"Boeckx, P.\",\"Benito Alonso, J.\",\"Zong, S.\",\"Di Cecco, V.\",\"Sitková, Z.\",\"Tielbörger, K.\",\"van den Brink, L.\",\"Weigel, R.\",\"Homeier, J.\",\"Dahlberg, C. J.\",\"Medinets, S.\",\"Medinets, V.\",\"De Boeck, H. J.\",\"Portillo-Estrada, M.\",\"Verryckt, L. T.\",\"Milbau, A.\",\"Daskalova, G. N.\",\"Thomas, H. J. D.\",\"Myers-Smith, I. H.\",\"Blonder, B.\",\"Stephan, J. G.\",\"Descombes, P.\",\"Zellweger, F.\",\"Frei, E. R.\",\"Heinesch, B.\",\"Andrews, C.\",\"Dick, J.\",\"Siebicke, L.\",\"Rocha, A.\",\"Senior, R. A.\",\"Rixen, C.\",\"Jimenez, J. J.\",\"Boike, J.\",\"Pauchard, A.\",\"Scholten, T.\",\"Scheffers, B.\",\"Klinges, D.\",\"Basham, E. W.\",\"Zhang, J.\",\"Zhang, Z.\",\"Géron, C.\",\"Fazlioglu, F.\",\"Candan, O.\",\"Sallo Bravo, J.\",\"Hrbacek, F.\",\"Laska, K.\",\"Cremonese, E.\",\"Haase, P.\",\"Moyano, F. E.\",\"Rossi, C.\",\"Nijs, I.\"],\"key\":\"lembrechts_soiltemp_2020\",\"id\":\"lembrechts_soiltemp_2020\",\"bibbaseid\":\"lembrechts-aalto-ashcroft-defrenne-kopeck-lenoir-luoto-maclean-etal-soiltempaglobaldatabaseofnearsurfacetemperature-2020\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.15123\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"climate change\",\"database\",\"ecosystem processes\",\"microclimate\",\"soil climate\",\"species distributions\",\"temperature\",\"topoclimate\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"The old and the new: evaluating performance of acoustic telemetry systems in tracking migrating Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) smolt and European eel (Anguilla anguilla) around hydropower facilities\",\"volume\":\"77\",\"issn\":\"0706-652X\",\"shorttitle\":\"The old and the new\",\"url\":\"https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/abs/10.1139/cjfas-2019-0058\",\"doi\":\"10.1139/cjfas-2019-0058\",\"abstract\":\"Acoustic telemetry represents the state-of-the-art technology for monitoring behaviour of aquatic organisms in the wild. Yet, the performance of different systems is rarely evaluated across species and environments. In this study, we evaluate two different acoustic telemetry systems, a commonly used analogue pulse-position-modulation-based system (VEMCO PPM) and a newly developed high-residency digital binary phase shift key-based system (VEMCO HR2), in ability to track downstream migrating Atlantic salmon smolt (Salmo salar) and European eel (Anguilla anguilla) around hydropower facilities. High-precision GPS were used to evaluate precision and accuracy of hyperbolically positioned data derived from each system. The PPM-based system had higher detection range than HR2 and generated more positions per transmission for eels migrating close to bottom than for surface-oriented salmon smolts. HR2 generated tenfold more positions per time unit than PPM, were less sensitive to noise, achieved submetre positional precision, and were considerably more accurate than PPM-derived positions after filtering. HR2 was deemed more capable than PPM in fine-scale positioning at moderate distances at hydropower facilities.\",\"number\":\"1\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Leander\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Johan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Klaminder\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jonatan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jonsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Micael\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Brodin\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Tomas\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Leonardsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Kjell\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hellström\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Gustav\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"January\",\"year\":\"2020\",\"note\":\"Publisher: NRC Research Press\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource\",\"pages\":\"177–187\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{leander_old_2020,\\n\\ttitle = {The old and the new: evaluating performance of acoustic telemetry systems in tracking migrating {Atlantic} salmon ({Salmo} salar) smolt and {European} eel ({Anguilla} anguilla) around hydropower facilities},\\n\\tvolume = {77},\\n\\tissn = {0706-652X},\\n\\tshorttitle = {The old and the new},\\n\\turl = {https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/abs/10.1139/cjfas-2019-0058},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1139/cjfas-2019-0058},\\n\\tabstract = {Acoustic telemetry represents the state-of-the-art technology for monitoring behaviour of aquatic organisms in the wild. Yet, the performance of different systems is rarely evaluated across species and environments. In this study, we evaluate two different acoustic telemetry systems, a commonly used analogue pulse-position-modulation-based system (VEMCO PPM) and a newly developed high-residency digital binary phase shift key-based system (VEMCO HR2), in ability to track downstream migrating Atlantic salmon smolt (Salmo salar) and European eel (Anguilla anguilla) around hydropower facilities. High-precision GPS were used to evaluate precision and accuracy of hyperbolically positioned data derived from each system. The PPM-based system had higher detection range than HR2 and generated more positions per transmission for eels migrating close to bottom than for surface-oriented salmon smolts. HR2 generated tenfold more positions per time unit than PPM, were less sensitive to noise, achieved submetre positional precision, and were considerably more accurate than PPM-derived positions after filtering. HR2 was deemed more capable than PPM in fine-scale positioning at moderate distances at hydropower facilities.},\\n\\tnumber = {1},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences},\\n\\tauthor = {Leander, Johan and Klaminder, Jonatan and Jonsson, Micael and Brodin, Tomas and Leonardsson, Kjell and Hellström, Gustav},\\n\\tmonth = jan,\\n\\tyear = {2020},\\n\\tnote = {Publisher: NRC Research Press},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource},\\n\\tpages = {177--187},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Leander, J.\",\"Klaminder, J.\",\"Jonsson, M.\",\"Brodin, T.\",\"Leonardsson, K.\",\"Hellström, G.\"],\"key\":\"leander_old_2020\",\"id\":\"leander_old_2020\",\"bibbaseid\":\"leander-klaminder-jonsson-brodin-leonardsson-hellstrm-theoldandthenewevaluatingperformanceofacoustictelemetrysystemsintrackingmigratingatlanticsalmonsalmosalarsmoltandeuropeaneelanguillaanguillaaroundhydropowerfacilities-2020\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/abs/10.1139/cjfas-2019-0058\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Lowered nutritional quality of plankton caused by global environmental changes\",\"volume\":\"27\",\"copyright\":\"© 2021 The Authors. Global Change Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.\",\"issn\":\"1365-2486\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.15887\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/gcb.15887\",\"abstract\":\"Global environmental changes are causing widespread nutrient depletion, declines in the ratio of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (N) to total phosphorus (DIN:TP), and increases in both water temperature and terrestrial colored dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration (browning) in high-latitude northern lakes. Declining lake DIN:TP, warming, and browning alter the nutrient limitation regime and biomass of phytoplankton, but how these stressors together affect the nutritional quality in terms of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) contents of the pelagic food web components remains unknown. We assessed the fatty acid compositions of seston and zooplankton in 33 lakes across south-to-north and boreal-to-subarctic gradients in Sweden. Data showed higher lake DIN:TP in the south than in the north, and that boreal lakes were warmer and browner than subarctic lakes. Lake DIN:TP strongly affected the PUFA contents—especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)—in seston, calanoids, and copepods (as a group), but not in cladocerans. The EPA+DHA contents increased by 123% in seston, 197% in calanoids, and 230% in copepods across a lake molar DIN:TP gradient from 0.17 to 14.53, indicating lower seston and copepod nutritional quality in the more N-limited lakes (those with lower DIN:TP). Water temperature affected EPA+DHA contents of zooplankton, especially cladocerans, but not seston. Cladoceran EPA+DHA contents were reduced by ca. 6% for every 1°C increase in surface water. Also, the EPA, DHA, or EPA+DHA contents of Bosmina, cyclopoids, and copepods increased in lakes with higher DOC concentrations or aromaticity. Our findings indicate that zooplankton food quality for higher consumers will decrease with warming alone (for cladocerans) or in combination with declining lake DIN:TP (for copepods), but impacts of these stressors are moderated by lake browning. Global environmental changes that drive northern lakes toward more N-limited, warmer, and browner conditions will reduce PUFA availability and nutritional quality of the pelagic food web components.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"23\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Global Change Biology\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lau\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Danny\",\"C.\",\"P.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jonsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Anders\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Isles\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Peter\",\"D.\",\"F.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Creed\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Irena\",\"F.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bergström\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ann‑Kristin\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2021\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.15887\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, N:P stoichiometry, boreal lakes, dissolved organic carbon, fatty acids, nitrogen deposition, phytoplankton, seston, subarctic lakes, warming, zooplankton\",\"pages\":\"6294–6306\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{lau_lowered_2021,\\n\\ttitle = {Lowered nutritional quality of plankton caused by global environmental changes},\\n\\tvolume = {27},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2021 The Authors. Global Change Biology published by John Wiley \\\\& Sons Ltd.},\\n\\tissn = {1365-2486},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.15887},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/gcb.15887},\\n\\tabstract = {Global environmental changes are causing widespread nutrient depletion, declines in the ratio of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (N) to total phosphorus (DIN:TP), and increases in both water temperature and terrestrial colored dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration (browning) in high-latitude northern lakes. Declining lake DIN:TP, warming, and browning alter the nutrient limitation regime and biomass of phytoplankton, but how these stressors together affect the nutritional quality in terms of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) contents of the pelagic food web components remains unknown. We assessed the fatty acid compositions of seston and zooplankton in 33 lakes across south-to-north and boreal-to-subarctic gradients in Sweden. Data showed higher lake DIN:TP in the south than in the north, and that boreal lakes were warmer and browner than subarctic lakes. Lake DIN:TP strongly affected the PUFA contents—especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)—in seston, calanoids, and copepods (as a group), but not in cladocerans. The EPA+DHA contents increased by 123\\\\% in seston, 197\\\\% in calanoids, and 230\\\\% in copepods across a lake molar DIN:TP gradient from 0.17 to 14.53, indicating lower seston and copepod nutritional quality in the more N-limited lakes (those with lower DIN:TP). Water temperature affected EPA+DHA contents of zooplankton, especially cladocerans, but not seston. Cladoceran EPA+DHA contents were reduced by ca. 6\\\\% for every 1°C increase in surface water. Also, the EPA, DHA, or EPA+DHA contents of Bosmina, cyclopoids, and copepods increased in lakes with higher DOC concentrations or aromaticity. Our findings indicate that zooplankton food quality for higher consumers will decrease with warming alone (for cladocerans) or in combination with declining lake DIN:TP (for copepods), but impacts of these stressors are moderated by lake browning. Global environmental changes that drive northern lakes toward more N-limited, warmer, and browner conditions will reduce PUFA availability and nutritional quality of the pelagic food web components.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {23},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Global Change Biology},\\n\\tauthor = {Lau, Danny C. P. and Jonsson, Anders and Isles, Peter D. F. and Creed, Irena F. and Bergström, Ann‑Kristin},\\n\\tyear = {2021},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.15887},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, N:P stoichiometry, boreal lakes, dissolved organic carbon, fatty acids, nitrogen deposition, phytoplankton, seston, subarctic lakes, warming, zooplankton},\\n\\tpages = {6294--6306},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Lau, D. C. P.\",\"Jonsson, A.\",\"Isles, P. D. F.\",\"Creed, I. F.\",\"Bergström, A.\"],\"key\":\"lau_lowered_2021\",\"id\":\"lau_lowered_2021\",\"bibbaseid\":\"lau-jonsson-isles-creed-bergstrm-lowerednutritionalqualityofplanktoncausedbyglobalenvironmentalchanges-2021\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.15887\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"N:P stoichiometry\",\"boreal lakes\",\"dissolved organic carbon\",\"fatty acids\",\"nitrogen deposition\",\"phytoplankton\",\"seston\",\"subarctic lakes\",\"warming\",\"zooplankton\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Quantifying earthworm soil ingestion from changes in vertical bulk density profiles\",\"volume\":\"120\",\"issn\":\"1164-5563\",\"url\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1164556323001103\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2023.103574\",\"abstract\":\"Soil mixing by earthworms can have a large impact on the fate of nutrients and pollutants and on the soil's ability to sequester carbon. Nevertheless, methods to quantify earthworm ingestion and egestion under field conditions are largely lacking. Soils of the Fennoscandian tundra offer a special possibility for such quantifications, as these soils commonly lack burrowing macrofauna and exhibit a well-defined O horizon with low bulk density on top of a mineral soil with higher density. Since ingestion-egestion mixes the two soil layers, the temporal changes in the bulk density profile of such soils may be useful for estimating field ingestion rates. In this study, we applied a model for earthworm burrowing through soil ingestion to observed changes in soil densities occurring in a mesocosm experiment carried out in the arctic during four summers with intact soil. The earthworms present in the mesocosms were Aporrectodea trapezoides, Aporrectodea tuberculata, Aporrectodea rosea, Lumbricus rubellus and Lumbricus Terrestris (fourth season only). We show that changes in soil density profiles can indeed be used to infer earthworm ingestion rates that are realistic in comparison to literature values. Although uncertainties in parameter values were sometimes large, the results from this study suggest that soil turnover rates and endogeic earthworm soil ingestion rates in tundra heath and meadow soils may be as high as those reported for temperate conditions. Such large ingestion rates can explain observed large morphological changes in arctic soils where dispersing earthworms have resulted in complete inmixing of the organic layer into the mineral soil. Our approach is applicable to soil profiles with marked vertical differences in bulk density such as the soils of the Fennoscandian tundra where earthworms are currently dispersing into new areas and to layered repacked soil samples that are incubated in the field.\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"European Journal of Soil Biology\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Larsbo\"],\"firstnames\":[\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Koestel\"],\"firstnames\":[\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Krab\"],\"firstnames\":[\"E.\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Klaminder\"],\"firstnames\":[\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"March\",\"year\":\"2024\",\"pages\":\"103574\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{larsbo_quantifying_2024,\\n\\ttitle = {Quantifying earthworm soil ingestion from changes in vertical bulk density profiles},\\n\\tvolume = {120},\\n\\tissn = {1164-5563},\\n\\turl = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1164556323001103},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1016/j.ejsobi.2023.103574},\\n\\tabstract = {Soil mixing by earthworms can have a large impact on the fate of nutrients and pollutants and on the soil's ability to sequester carbon. Nevertheless, methods to quantify earthworm ingestion and egestion under field conditions are largely lacking. Soils of the Fennoscandian tundra offer a special possibility for such quantifications, as these soils commonly lack burrowing macrofauna and exhibit a well-defined O horizon with low bulk density on top of a mineral soil with higher density. Since ingestion-egestion mixes the two soil layers, the temporal changes in the bulk density profile of such soils may be useful for estimating field ingestion rates. In this study, we applied a model for earthworm burrowing through soil ingestion to observed changes in soil densities occurring in a mesocosm experiment carried out in the arctic during four summers with intact soil. The earthworms present in the mesocosms were Aporrectodea trapezoides, Aporrectodea tuberculata, Aporrectodea rosea, Lumbricus rubellus and Lumbricus Terrestris (fourth season only). We show that changes in soil density profiles can indeed be used to infer earthworm ingestion rates that are realistic in comparison to literature values. Although uncertainties in parameter values were sometimes large, the results from this study suggest that soil turnover rates and endogeic earthworm soil ingestion rates in tundra heath and meadow soils may be as high as those reported for temperate conditions. Such large ingestion rates can explain observed large morphological changes in arctic soils where dispersing earthworms have resulted in complete inmixing of the organic layer into the mineral soil. Our approach is applicable to soil profiles with marked vertical differences in bulk density such as the soils of the Fennoscandian tundra where earthworms are currently dispersing into new areas and to layered repacked soil samples that are incubated in the field.},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {European Journal of Soil Biology},\\n\\tauthor = {Larsbo, M. and Koestel, J. and Krab, E. J. and Klaminder, J.},\\n\\tmonth = mar,\\n\\tyear = {2024},\\n\\tpages = {103574},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Larsbo, M.\",\"Koestel, J.\",\"Krab, E. J.\",\"Klaminder, J.\"],\"key\":\"larsbo_quantifying_2024\",\"id\":\"larsbo_quantifying_2024\",\"bibbaseid\":\"larsbo-koestel-krab-klaminder-quantifyingearthwormsoilingestionfromchangesinverticalbulkdensityprofiles-2024\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1164556323001103\"},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Industrial and natural compounds in filter-feeding black fly larvae and water in 3 tundra streams\",\"volume\":\"37\",\"copyright\":\"© 2018 SETAC\",\"issn\":\"1552-8618\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/etc.4267\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/etc.4267\",\"abstract\":\"We report concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, novel flame retardants, and naturally occurring bromoanisoles in water and filter-feeding black fly (Simuliidae) larvae in 3 tundra streams in northern Sweden. The results demonstrate that black fly larvae accumulate a wide range of organic contaminants and can be used as bioindicators of water pollution in Arctic streams. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:3011–3017. © 2018 SETAC\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"12\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kupryianchyk\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Darya\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Giesler\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Reiner\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bidleman\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Terry\",\"F.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Liljelind\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Per\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lau\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Danny\",\"Chun\",\"Pong\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sponseller\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ryan\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Andersson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Patrik\",\"L.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2018\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/etc.4267\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Arctic streams, Bioaccumulation, Emerging pollutants, Fate and transport, Legacy contaminants, Long-range transport, bioaccumulation, emerging pollutants, fate and transport\",\"pages\":\"3011–3017\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{kupryianchyk_industrial_2018,\\n\\ttitle = {Industrial and natural compounds in filter-feeding black fly larvae and water in 3 tundra streams},\\n\\tvolume = {37},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2018 SETAC},\\n\\tissn = {1552-8618},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/etc.4267},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1002/etc.4267},\\n\\tabstract = {We report concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, novel flame retardants, and naturally occurring bromoanisoles in water and filter-feeding black fly (Simuliidae) larvae in 3 tundra streams in northern Sweden. The results demonstrate that black fly larvae accumulate a wide range of organic contaminants and can be used as bioindicators of water pollution in Arctic streams. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:3011–3017. © 2018 SETAC},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {12},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry},\\n\\tauthor = {Kupryianchyk, Darya and Giesler, Reiner and Bidleman, Terry F. and Liljelind, Per and Lau, Danny Chun Pong and Sponseller, Ryan A. and Andersson, Patrik L.},\\n\\tyear = {2018},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/etc.4267},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Arctic streams, Bioaccumulation, Emerging pollutants, Fate and transport, Legacy contaminants, Long-range transport, bioaccumulation, emerging pollutants, fate and transport},\\n\\tpages = {3011--3017},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Kupryianchyk, D.\",\"Giesler, R.\",\"Bidleman, T. F.\",\"Liljelind, P.\",\"Lau, D. C. P.\",\"Sponseller, R. A.\",\"Andersson, P. L.\"],\"key\":\"kupryianchyk_industrial_2018\",\"id\":\"kupryianchyk_industrial_2018\",\"bibbaseid\":\"kupryianchyk-giesler-bidleman-liljelind-lau-sponseller-andersson-industrialandnaturalcompoundsinfilterfeedingblackflylarvaeandwaterin3tundrastreams-2018\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/etc.4267\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Arctic streams\",\"Bioaccumulation\",\"Emerging pollutants\",\"Fate and transport\",\"Legacy contaminants\",\"Long-range transport\",\"bioaccumulation\",\"emerging pollutants\",\"fate and transport\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Background insect herbivory increases with local elevation but makes minor contribution to element cycling along natural gradients in the Subarctic\",\"volume\":\"10\",\"copyright\":\"© 2020 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd\",\"issn\":\"2045-7758\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ece3.6803\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/ece3.6803\",\"abstract\":\"Herbivores can exert major controls over biogeochemical cycling. As invertebrates are highly sensitive to temperature shifts (ectothermal), the abundances of insects in high-latitude systems, where climate warming is rapid, is expected to increase. In subarctic mountain birch forests, research has focussed on geometrid moth outbreaks, while the contribution of background insect herbivory (BIH) to elemental cycling is poorly constrained. In northern Sweden, we estimated BIH along 9 elevational gradients distributed across a gradient in regional elevation, temperature, and precipitation to allow evaluation of consistency in local versus regional variation. We converted foliar loss via BIH to fluxes of C, nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) from the birch canopy to the soil to compare with other relevant soil inputs of the same elements and assessed different abiotic and biotic drivers of the observed variability. We found that leaf area loss due to BIH was 1.6% on average. This is comparable to estimates from tundra, but considerably lower than ecosystems at lower latitudes. The C, N, and P fluxes from canopy to soil associated with BIH were 1–2 orders of magnitude lower than the soil input from senesced litter and external nutrient sources such as biological N fixation, atmospheric deposition of N, and P weathering estimated from the literature. Despite the minor contribution to overall elemental cycling in subarctic birch forests, the higher quality and earlier timing of the input of herbivore deposits to soils compared to senesced litter may make this contribution disproportionally important for various ecosystem functions. BIH increased significantly with leaf N content as well as local elevation along each transect, yet showed no significant relationship with temperature or humidity, nor the commonly used temperature proxy, absolute elevation. The lack of consistency between the local and regional elevational trends calls for caution when using elevation gradients as climate proxies.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"20\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Ecology and Evolution\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kristensen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jeppe\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Michelsen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Anders\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Metcalfe\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Daniel\",\"B.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2020\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ece3.6803\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Subarctic mountain birch forest, carbon cycling, fast cycle versus slow cycle, insect herbivory, nutrient cycling, space-for-time substitution\",\"pages\":\"11684–11698\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{kristensen_background_2020,\\n\\ttitle = {Background insect herbivory increases with local elevation but makes minor contribution to element cycling along natural gradients in the {Subarctic}},\\n\\tvolume = {10},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2020 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley \\\\& Sons Ltd},\\n\\tissn = {2045-7758},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ece3.6803},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1002/ece3.6803},\\n\\tabstract = {Herbivores can exert major controls over biogeochemical cycling. As invertebrates are highly sensitive to temperature shifts (ectothermal), the abundances of insects in high-latitude systems, where climate warming is rapid, is expected to increase. In subarctic mountain birch forests, research has focussed on geometrid moth outbreaks, while the contribution of background insect herbivory (BIH) to elemental cycling is poorly constrained. In northern Sweden, we estimated BIH along 9 elevational gradients distributed across a gradient in regional elevation, temperature, and precipitation to allow evaluation of consistency in local versus regional variation. We converted foliar loss via BIH to fluxes of C, nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) from the birch canopy to the soil to compare with other relevant soil inputs of the same elements and assessed different abiotic and biotic drivers of the observed variability. We found that leaf area loss due to BIH was 1.6\\\\% on average. This is comparable to estimates from tundra, but considerably lower than ecosystems at lower latitudes. The C, N, and P fluxes from canopy to soil associated with BIH were 1–2 orders of magnitude lower than the soil input from senesced litter and external nutrient sources such as biological N fixation, atmospheric deposition of N, and P weathering estimated from the literature. Despite the minor contribution to overall elemental cycling in subarctic birch forests, the higher quality and earlier timing of the input of herbivore deposits to soils compared to senesced litter may make this contribution disproportionally important for various ecosystem functions. BIH increased significantly with leaf N content as well as local elevation along each transect, yet showed no significant relationship with temperature or humidity, nor the commonly used temperature proxy, absolute elevation. The lack of consistency between the local and regional elevational trends calls for caution when using elevation gradients as climate proxies.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {20},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Ecology and Evolution},\\n\\tauthor = {Kristensen, Jeppe A. and Michelsen, Anders and Metcalfe, Daniel B.},\\n\\tyear = {2020},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ece3.6803},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Subarctic mountain birch forest, carbon cycling, fast cycle versus slow cycle, insect herbivory, nutrient cycling, space-for-time substitution},\\n\\tpages = {11684--11698},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Kristensen, J. A.\",\"Michelsen, A.\",\"Metcalfe, D. B.\"],\"key\":\"kristensen_background_2020\",\"id\":\"kristensen_background_2020\",\"bibbaseid\":\"kristensen-michelsen-metcalfe-backgroundinsectherbivoryincreaseswithlocalelevationbutmakesminorcontributiontoelementcyclingalongnaturalgradientsinthesubarctic-2020\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ece3.6803\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Subarctic mountain birch forest\",\"carbon cycling\",\"fast cycle versus slow cycle\",\"insect herbivory\",\"nutrient cycling\",\"space-for-time substitution\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Challenges of predicting gas transfer velocity from wind measurements over global lakes\",\"volume\":\"82\",\"issn\":\"1420-9055\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00027-020-00729-9\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s00027-020-00729-9\",\"abstract\":\"Estimating air–water gas transfer velocities (k) is integral to understand biogeochemical and ecological processes in aquatic systems. In lakes, k is commonly predicted using wind-based empirical models, however, their predictive performance under conditions that differ from their original calibration remains largely unassessed. Here, we collected 2222 published k estimates derived from various methods in 46 globally distributed lakes to (1) evaluate the predictions of a selection of six available wind-speed based k models for lakes and (2) explore and develop new empirical models to predict k over global lakes. We found that selected k models generally performed poorly in predicting k in lakes. Model predictions were more accurate than simply assuming a mean k in only 2–39% of all lakes, however, we could not identify with confidence the specific conditions in which some models outperformed others. We developed new wind-based models in which additional variables describing the spatial coverage of k estimates and the lake size and shape had a significant effect on the wind speed-k relationship. Although these new models did not fit the global dataset significantly better than previous k models, they generate overall less biased predictions for global lakes. We further provide explicit estimates of prediction errors that integrate methodological and lake-specific uncertainties. Our results highlight the potential limits when using wind-based models to predict k across lakes and urge scientists to properly account for prediction errors, or measure k directly in the field whenever possible.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"3\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Aquatic Sciences\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Klaus\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Marcus\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Vachon\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Dominic\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"May\",\"year\":\"2020\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Air–water gas exchange, Lake gas flux, Model assessment, Reaeration, Wind speed, k 600\",\"pages\":\"53\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{klaus_challenges_2020,\\n\\ttitle = {Challenges of predicting gas transfer velocity from wind measurements over global lakes},\\n\\tvolume = {82},\\n\\tissn = {1420-9055},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s00027-020-00729-9},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s00027-020-00729-9},\\n\\tabstract = {Estimating air–water gas transfer velocities (k) is integral to understand biogeochemical and ecological processes in aquatic systems. In lakes, k is commonly predicted using wind-based empirical models, however, their predictive performance under conditions that differ from their original calibration remains largely unassessed. Here, we collected 2222 published k estimates derived from various methods in 46 globally distributed lakes to (1) evaluate the predictions of a selection of six available wind-speed based k models for lakes and (2) explore and develop new empirical models to predict k over global lakes. We found that selected k models generally performed poorly in predicting k in lakes. Model predictions were more accurate than simply assuming a mean k in only 2–39\\\\% of all lakes, however, we could not identify with confidence the specific conditions in which some models outperformed others. We developed new wind-based models in which additional variables describing the spatial coverage of k estimates and the lake size and shape had a significant effect on the wind speed-k relationship. Although these new models did not fit the global dataset significantly better than previous k models, they generate overall less biased predictions for global lakes. We further provide explicit estimates of prediction errors that integrate methodological and lake-specific uncertainties. Our results highlight the potential limits when using wind-based models to predict k across lakes and urge scientists to properly account for prediction errors, or measure k directly in the field whenever possible.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {3},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Aquatic Sciences},\\n\\tauthor = {Klaus, Marcus and Vachon, Dominic},\\n\\tmonth = may,\\n\\tyear = {2020},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Air–water gas exchange, Lake gas flux, Model assessment, Reaeration, Wind speed, k 600},\\n\\tpages = {53},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Klaus, M.\",\"Vachon, D.\"],\"key\":\"klaus_challenges_2020\",\"id\":\"klaus_challenges_2020\",\"bibbaseid\":\"klaus-vachon-challengesofpredictinggastransfervelocityfromwindmeasurementsovergloballakes-2020\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00027-020-00729-9\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Air–water gas exchange\",\"Lake gas flux\",\"Model assessment\",\"Reaeration\",\"Wind speed\",\"k 600\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"downloads\":1,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Evaluations of Climate and Land Management Effects on Lake Carbon Cycling Need to Account for Temporal Variability in CO2 Concentrations\",\"volume\":\"33\",\"copyright\":\"©2019. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.\",\"issn\":\"1944-9224\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2018GB005979\",\"doi\":\"10.1029/2018GB005979\",\"abstract\":\"Carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations in lakes vary strongly over time. This variability is rarely captured by environmental monitoring but is crucial for accurately assessing the magnitude of lake CO2 emissions. However, it is unknown to what extent temporal variability needs to be captured to understand important drivers of lake carbon cycling such as climate and land management. We used environmental monitoring data of Swedish forest lakes collected in autumn (n = 439) and throughout the whole open water season (n = 22) from a wet and a dry year to assess temporal variability in effects of climate and forestry on CO2 concentrations across lakes. Effects differed depending on the season and year sampled. According to cross-lake comparisons based on autumn data, CO2 concentrations increased with annual mean air temperature (dry year) or catchment forest productivity (wet year) but were not related to colored dissolved organic matter concentrations. In contrast, open water-season averaged CO2 concentrations were similar across temperature and productivity gradients but increased with colored dissolved organic matter. These contradictions resulted from scale mismatches in input data, lead to weak explanatory power (R2 = 9–32%), and were consistent across published data from 79 temperate, boreal, and arctic lakes. In a global survey of 144 published studies, we identified a trade-off between temporal and spatial coverage of CO2 sampling. This trade-off clearly determines which conclusions are drawn from landscape-scale CO2 assessments. Accurate evaluations of the effects of climate and land management require spatially and temporally representative data that can be provided by emerging sensor technologies and forms of collaborative sampling.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"3\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Global Biogeochemical Cycles\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Klaus\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Marcus\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Seekell\"],\"firstnames\":[\"David\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lidberg\"],\"firstnames\":[\"William\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Karlsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jan\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2019\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2018GB005979\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, carbon cycling, greenhouse gas, lake, sampling, seasonality, structural equation modeling\",\"pages\":\"243–265\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{klaus_evaluations_2019,\\n\\ttitle = {Evaluations of {Climate} and {Land} {Management} {Effects} on {Lake} {Carbon} {Cycling} {Need} to {Account} for {Temporal} {Variability} in {CO2} {Concentrations}},\\n\\tvolume = {33},\\n\\tcopyright = {©2019. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.},\\n\\tissn = {1944-9224},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2018GB005979},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1029/2018GB005979},\\n\\tabstract = {Carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations in lakes vary strongly over time. This variability is rarely captured by environmental monitoring but is crucial for accurately assessing the magnitude of lake CO2 emissions. However, it is unknown to what extent temporal variability needs to be captured to understand important drivers of lake carbon cycling such as climate and land management. We used environmental monitoring data of Swedish forest lakes collected in autumn (n = 439) and throughout the whole open water season (n = 22) from a wet and a dry year to assess temporal variability in effects of climate and forestry on CO2 concentrations across lakes. Effects differed depending on the season and year sampled. According to cross-lake comparisons based on autumn data, CO2 concentrations increased with annual mean air temperature (dry year) or catchment forest productivity (wet year) but were not related to colored dissolved organic matter concentrations. In contrast, open water-season averaged CO2 concentrations were similar across temperature and productivity gradients but increased with colored dissolved organic matter. These contradictions resulted from scale mismatches in input data, lead to weak explanatory power (R2 = 9–32\\\\%), and were consistent across published data from 79 temperate, boreal, and arctic lakes. In a global survey of 144 published studies, we identified a trade-off between temporal and spatial coverage of CO2 sampling. This trade-off clearly determines which conclusions are drawn from landscape-scale CO2 assessments. Accurate evaluations of the effects of climate and land management require spatially and temporally representative data that can be provided by emerging sensor technologies and forms of collaborative sampling.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {3},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles},\\n\\tauthor = {Klaus, Marcus and Seekell, David A. and Lidberg, William and Karlsson, Jan},\\n\\tyear = {2019},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2018GB005979},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, carbon cycling, greenhouse gas, lake, sampling, seasonality, structural equation modeling},\\n\\tpages = {243--265},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Klaus, M.\",\"Seekell, D. A.\",\"Lidberg, W.\",\"Karlsson, J.\"],\"key\":\"klaus_evaluations_2019\",\"id\":\"klaus_evaluations_2019\",\"bibbaseid\":\"klaus-seekell-lidberg-karlsson-evaluationsofclimateandlandmanagementeffectsonlakecarboncyclingneedtoaccountfortemporalvariabilityinco2concentrations-2019\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2018GB005979\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"carbon cycling\",\"greenhouse gas\",\"lake\",\"sampling\",\"seasonality\",\"structural equation modeling\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Listening to air–water gas exchange in running waters\",\"volume\":\"17\",\"copyright\":\"© 2019 Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography\",\"issn\":\"1541-5856\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lom3.10321\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/lom3.10321\",\"abstract\":\"Air–water gas exchange velocities (k) are critical components of many biogeochemical and ecological process studies in aquatic systems. However, their high spatiotemporal variability is difficult to capture with traditional methods, especially in turbulent flow. Here, we investigate the potential of sound spectral analysis to infer k in running waters, based on the rationale that both turbulence and entrained bubbles drive gas exchange and cause a characteristic sound. We explored the relationship between k and sound spectral properties using laboratory experiments and field observations under a wide range of turbulence and bubble conditions. We estimated k using flux chamber measurements of CO2 exchange and recorded sound above and below the water surface by microphones and hydrophones, respectively. We found a strong influence of turbulence and bubbles on sound pressure levels (SPLs) at octave bands of 31.5 Hz and 1000 Hz, respectively. The difference in SPLs at these bands and background noise bands showed a linear correlation with k both in the laboratory (R2 = 0.93–0.99) and in the field (median R2 = 0.42–0.90). Underwater sound indices outperformed aerial sound indices in general, and indices based on hydraulic parameters in particular, in turbulent and bubbly surface flow. The results highlight the unique potential of acoustic techniques to predict k, isolate mechanisms, and improve the spatiotemporal coverage of k estimates in bubbly flow.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"7\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Limnology and Oceanography: Methods\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Klaus\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Marcus\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Geibrink\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Erik\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hotchkiss\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Erin\",\"R.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Karlsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jan\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2019\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lom3.10321\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource\",\"pages\":\"395–414\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{klaus_listening_2019,\\n\\ttitle = {Listening to air–water gas exchange in running waters},\\n\\tvolume = {17},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2019 Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography},\\n\\tissn = {1541-5856},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lom3.10321},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1002/lom3.10321},\\n\\tabstract = {Air–water gas exchange velocities (k) are critical components of many biogeochemical and ecological process studies in aquatic systems. However, their high spatiotemporal variability is difficult to capture with traditional methods, especially in turbulent flow. Here, we investigate the potential of sound spectral analysis to infer k in running waters, based on the rationale that both turbulence and entrained bubbles drive gas exchange and cause a characteristic sound. We explored the relationship between k and sound spectral properties using laboratory experiments and field observations under a wide range of turbulence and bubble conditions. We estimated k using flux chamber measurements of CO2 exchange and recorded sound above and below the water surface by microphones and hydrophones, respectively. We found a strong influence of turbulence and bubbles on sound pressure levels (SPLs) at octave bands of 31.5 Hz and 1000 Hz, respectively. The difference in SPLs at these bands and background noise bands showed a linear correlation with k both in the laboratory (R2 = 0.93–0.99) and in the field (median R2 = 0.42–0.90). Underwater sound indices outperformed aerial sound indices in general, and indices based on hydraulic parameters in particular, in turbulent and bubbly surface flow. The results highlight the unique potential of acoustic techniques to predict k, isolate mechanisms, and improve the spatiotemporal coverage of k estimates in bubbly flow.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {7},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Limnology and Oceanography: Methods},\\n\\tauthor = {Klaus, Marcus and Geibrink, Erik and Hotchkiss, Erin R. and Karlsson, Jan},\\n\\tyear = {2019},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lom3.10321},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource},\\n\\tpages = {395--414},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Klaus, M.\",\"Geibrink, E.\",\"Hotchkiss, E. R.\",\"Karlsson, J.\"],\"key\":\"klaus_listening_2019\",\"id\":\"klaus_listening_2019\",\"bibbaseid\":\"klaus-geibrink-hotchkiss-karlsson-listeningtoairwatergasexchangeinrunningwaters-2019\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lom3.10321\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"downloads\":1,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Drug-Induced Behavioral Changes: Using Laboratory Observations to Predict Field Observations\",\"volume\":\"4\",\"issn\":\"2296-665X\",\"shorttitle\":\"Drug-Induced Behavioral Changes\",\"url\":\"http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fenvs.2016.00081/abstract\",\"doi\":\"10.3389/fenvs.2016.00081\",\"abstract\":\"Behavioral assays constitute important research tools when assessing how fish respond to environmental change. However, it is unclear how behavioral modifications recorded in laboratory assays are expressed in natural ecosystems, a limitation that makes it difficult to evaluate the predictive power of laboratory-based measurements. In this study, we hypothesized that exposure to a benzodiazepine (i.e., oxazepam) increases boldness and activity in laboratory assays as well as in field assays – that is, laboratory results can be used to predict field results. Moreover, we expected the modified behavior to affect other important ecological measures such as habitat selection and home range. To test our hypothesis, we exposed European perch (Perca fluviatilis) to oxazepam and measured subsequent changes in behavioral trials both in laboratory assays and in a lake ecosystem populated with a predatory fish species, pike (Esox lucius). In the lake, the positions of both perch and pike were tracked every three minutes for a month using acoustic telemetry. In the laboratory assay, the oxazepam-exposed perch were bolder and more active than the non-exposed perch. In the lake assay, the oxazepam-exposed perch were also more bold and active, had a larger home range, and used pelagic habitats more than the non-exposed perch. We conclude that ecotoxicological behavioral assays are useful for predicting the effects of exposure in natural systems. However, although individual responses to exposure were similar in both the laboratory and field trials, effects were more obvious in the field study, mainly due to reduced variability in the behavior measures from the lake. Hence, short-term behavioral assays may fail to detect all the effects expressed in natural environments. Nevertheless, our study clearly demonstrates that behavior modifications observed in laboratory settings can be used to predict how fish perform in aquatic ecosystems.\",\"language\":\"English\",\"urldate\":\"2017-01-03\",\"journal\":\"Frontiers in Environmental Science\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Klaminder\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jonatan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hellström\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Gustav\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Fahlman\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Johan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jonsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Micael\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Fick\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jerker\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lagesson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Annelie\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bergman\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Eva\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Brodin\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Tomas\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2016\",\"note\":\"00005\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Anxiety, Field manipulation, GABAergic, Landscape of fear, behaviour\",\"pages\":\"00081\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{klaminder_drug-induced_2016,\\n\\ttitle = {Drug-{Induced} {Behavioral} {Changes}: {Using} {Laboratory} {Observations} to {Predict} {Field} {Observations}},\\n\\tvolume = {4},\\n\\tissn = {2296-665X},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Drug-{Induced} {Behavioral} {Changes}},\\n\\turl = {http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fenvs.2016.00081/abstract},\\n\\tdoi = {10.3389/fenvs.2016.00081},\\n\\tabstract = {Behavioral assays constitute important research tools when assessing how fish respond to environmental change. However, it is unclear how behavioral modifications recorded in laboratory assays are expressed in natural ecosystems, a limitation that makes it difficult to evaluate the predictive power of laboratory-based measurements. In this study, we hypothesized that exposure to a benzodiazepine (i.e., oxazepam) increases boldness and activity in laboratory assays as well as in field assays – that is, laboratory results can be used to predict field results. Moreover, we expected the modified behavior to affect other important ecological measures such as habitat selection and home range. To test our hypothesis, we exposed European perch (Perca fluviatilis) to oxazepam and measured subsequent changes in behavioral trials both in laboratory assays and in a lake ecosystem populated with a predatory fish species, pike (Esox lucius). In the lake, the positions of both perch and pike were tracked every three minutes for a month using acoustic telemetry. In the laboratory assay, the oxazepam-exposed perch were bolder and more active than the non-exposed perch. In the lake assay, the oxazepam-exposed perch were also more bold and active, had a larger home range, and used pelagic habitats more than the non-exposed perch. We conclude that ecotoxicological behavioral assays are useful for predicting the effects of exposure in natural systems. However, although individual responses to exposure were similar in both the laboratory and field trials, effects were more obvious in the field study, mainly due to reduced variability in the behavior measures from the lake. Hence, short-term behavioral assays may fail to detect all the effects expressed in natural environments. Nevertheless, our study clearly demonstrates that behavior modifications observed in laboratory settings can be used to predict how fish perform in aquatic ecosystems.},\\n\\tlanguage = {English},\\n\\turldate = {2017-01-03},\\n\\tjournal = {Frontiers in Environmental Science},\\n\\tauthor = {Klaminder, Jonatan and Hellström, Gustav and Fahlman, Johan and Jonsson, Micael and Fick, Jerker and Lagesson, Annelie and Bergman, Eva and Brodin, Tomas},\\n\\tyear = {2016},\\n\\tnote = {00005},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Anxiety, Field manipulation, GABAergic, Landscape of fear, behaviour},\\n\\tpages = {00081},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Klaminder, J.\",\"Hellström, G.\",\"Fahlman, J.\",\"Jonsson, M.\",\"Fick, J.\",\"Lagesson, A.\",\"Bergman, E.\",\"Brodin, T.\"],\"key\":\"klaminder_drug-induced_2016\",\"id\":\"klaminder_drug-induced_2016\",\"bibbaseid\":\"klaminder-hellstrm-fahlman-jonsson-fick-lagesson-bergman-brodin-druginducedbehavioralchangesusinglaboratoryobservationstopredictfieldobservations-2016\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fenvs.2016.00081/abstract\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Anxiety\",\"Field manipulation\",\"GABAergic\",\"Landscape of fear\",\"behaviour\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Non-native species change the tune of tundra soils: Novel access to soundscapes of the Arctic earthworm invasion\",\"volume\":\"838\",\"issn\":\"0048-9697\",\"shorttitle\":\"Non-native species change the tune of tundra soils\",\"url\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004896972203073X\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155976\",\"abstract\":\"Over the last decade, an increasing number of studies have used soundscapes to address diverse ecological questions. Sound represents one of the few sources of information capable of providing in situ insights into processes occurring within opaque soil matrices. To date, the use of soundscapes for soil macrofauna monitoring has been experimentally tested only in controlled laboratory environments. Here we assess the validity of laboratory predictions and explore the use of soil soundscape proxies for monitoring soil macrofauna (i.e., earthworm) activities in an outdoor context. In a common garden experiment in northern Sweden, we constructed outdoor mesocosm plots (N = 36) containing two different Arctic vegetation types (meadow and heath) and introduced earthworms to half of these plots. Earthworms substantially altered the ambient soil soundscape under both vegetation types, as measured by both traditional soundscape indices and frequency band power levels, although their acoustic impacts were expressed differently in heath versus meadow soils. While these findings support the as-of-yet untapped promise of using belowground soundscape analyses to monitor soil ecosystem health, direct acoustic emissions from earthworm activities appear to be an unlikely proxy for tracking worm activities at daily timescales. Instead, earthworms indirectly altered the soil soundscape by ‘re-engineering’ the soil matrix: an effect that was dependent on vegetation type. Our findings suggest that long-term (i.e., seasonal) earthworm activities in natural soil settings can likely be monitored indirectly via their impacts on soundscape measures and acoustic indices. Analyzing soil soundscapes may enable larger-scale monitoring of high-latitude soils and is directly applicable to the specific case of earthworm invasions within Arctic soils, which has recently been identified as a potential threat to the resilience of high-latitude ecosystems. Soil soundscapes could also offer a novel means to monitor soils and soil-plant-faunal interactions in situ across diverse pedogenic, agronomic, and ecological systems.\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Science of The Total Environment\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Keen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sara\",\"C.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Wackett\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Adrian\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Willenbring\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jane\",\"K.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Yoo\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Kyungsoo\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jonsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Hanna\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Clow\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Travis\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Klaminder\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jonatan\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"September\",\"year\":\"2022\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Acoustic monitoring, Arctic, Earthworm invasion, Ecosystem disturbance, Ecosystem engineer, Soil fauna, Soil organic carbon, Soil structure, Soundscapes\",\"pages\":\"155976\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{keen_non-native_2022,\\n\\ttitle = {Non-native species change the tune of tundra soils: {Novel} access to soundscapes of the {Arctic} earthworm invasion},\\n\\tvolume = {838},\\n\\tissn = {0048-9697},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Non-native species change the tune of tundra soils},\\n\\turl = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004896972203073X},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155976},\\n\\tabstract = {Over the last decade, an increasing number of studies have used soundscapes to address diverse ecological questions. Sound represents one of the few sources of information capable of providing in situ insights into processes occurring within opaque soil matrices. To date, the use of soundscapes for soil macrofauna monitoring has been experimentally tested only in controlled laboratory environments. Here we assess the validity of laboratory predictions and explore the use of soil soundscape proxies for monitoring soil macrofauna (i.e., earthworm) activities in an outdoor context. In a common garden experiment in northern Sweden, we constructed outdoor mesocosm plots (N = 36) containing two different Arctic vegetation types (meadow and heath) and introduced earthworms to half of these plots. Earthworms substantially altered the ambient soil soundscape under both vegetation types, as measured by both traditional soundscape indices and frequency band power levels, although their acoustic impacts were expressed differently in heath versus meadow soils. While these findings support the as-of-yet untapped promise of using belowground soundscape analyses to monitor soil ecosystem health, direct acoustic emissions from earthworm activities appear to be an unlikely proxy for tracking worm activities at daily timescales. Instead, earthworms indirectly altered the soil soundscape by ‘re-engineering’ the soil matrix: an effect that was dependent on vegetation type. Our findings suggest that long-term (i.e., seasonal) earthworm activities in natural soil settings can likely be monitored indirectly via their impacts on soundscape measures and acoustic indices. Analyzing soil soundscapes may enable larger-scale monitoring of high-latitude soils and is directly applicable to the specific case of earthworm invasions within Arctic soils, which has recently been identified as a potential threat to the resilience of high-latitude ecosystems. Soil soundscapes could also offer a novel means to monitor soils and soil-plant-faunal interactions in situ across diverse pedogenic, agronomic, and ecological systems.},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Science of The Total Environment},\\n\\tauthor = {Keen, Sara C. and Wackett, Adrian A. and Willenbring, Jane K. and Yoo, Kyungsoo and Jonsson, Hanna and Clow, Travis and Klaminder, Jonatan},\\n\\tmonth = sep,\\n\\tyear = {2022},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Acoustic monitoring, Arctic, Earthworm invasion, Ecosystem disturbance, Ecosystem engineer, Soil fauna, Soil organic carbon, Soil structure, Soundscapes},\\n\\tpages = {155976},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Keen, S. C.\",\"Wackett, A. A.\",\"Willenbring, J. K.\",\"Yoo, K.\",\"Jonsson, H.\",\"Clow, T.\",\"Klaminder, J.\"],\"key\":\"keen_non-native_2022\",\"id\":\"keen_non-native_2022\",\"bibbaseid\":\"keen-wackett-willenbring-yoo-jonsson-clow-klaminder-nonnativespecieschangethetuneoftundrasoilsnovelaccesstosoundscapesofthearcticearthworminvasion-2022\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004896972203073X\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Acoustic monitoring\",\"Arctic\",\"Earthworm invasion\",\"Ecosystem disturbance\",\"Ecosystem engineer\",\"Soil fauna\",\"Soil organic carbon\",\"Soil structure\",\"Soundscapes\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Nutrients Alter Methane Production and Oxidation in a Thawing Permafrost Mire\",\"volume\":\"26\",\"issn\":\"1435-0629\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-022-00758-5\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10021-022-00758-5\",\"abstract\":\"Permafrost thaw releases nutrients and metals from previously frozen soils and these nutrients may affect important biogeochemical processes including methane (CH4) production and oxidation. Here we assessed how concentrations of nutrients, solutes, and metals varied across four plant communities undergoing permafrost thaw and if these geochemical characteristics affected rates of CH4 production and oxidation. We tested nutrient limitation in CH4 production and oxidation by experimentally adding nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and a permafrost leachate to peat across these four plant communities. The upper 20 cm of permafrost contained 715 ± 298 mg m−2 of extractable inorganic N and 20 ± 6 mg m−2 of resin-extractable phosphorus (Presin), for a N:P ratio of 36:1. These low amounts of Presin coincide with high acid-digestible aluminum (Al), iron (Fe), and P concentrations in the permafrost soil and suggest that P may accumulate via sorption and constrain easily available forms of P for plants and microbes. Permafrost leachate additions decreased potential CH4 production rates up to 80% and decreased CH4 oxidation rates by 66%, likely due to inhibitory effects of N in the permafrost. In contrast, organic and inorganic P additions increased CH4 oxidation rates up to 36% in the tall graminoid fen, a community where phosphate availability was low and CH4 production was high. Our results suggest that (1) inorganic N is available immediately from permafrost thaw, while (2) P availability is controlled by sorption properties, and (3) plant community, nutrient stoichiometry, and metal availability modulate how permafrost thaw affects CH4 production and oxidation.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"2\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Ecosystems\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kashi\"],\"firstnames\":[\"N.\",\"Niloufar\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hobbie\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Erik\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Varner\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ruth\",\"K.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Wymore\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Adam\",\"S.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ernakovich\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jessica\",\"G.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Giesler\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Reiner\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"March\",\"year\":\"2023\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, iron, methane oxidation, methane production, nutrients, peatlands, permafrost, phosphorus sorption, resource stoichiometry\",\"pages\":\"302–317\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{kashi_nutrients_2023,\\n\\ttitle = {Nutrients {Alter} {Methane} {Production} and {Oxidation} in a {Thawing} {Permafrost} {Mire}},\\n\\tvolume = {26},\\n\\tissn = {1435-0629},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-022-00758-5},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s10021-022-00758-5},\\n\\tabstract = {Permafrost thaw releases nutrients and metals from previously frozen soils and these nutrients may affect important biogeochemical processes including methane (CH4) production and oxidation. Here we assessed how concentrations of nutrients, solutes, and metals varied across four plant communities undergoing permafrost thaw and if these geochemical characteristics affected rates of CH4 production and oxidation. We tested nutrient limitation in CH4 production and oxidation by experimentally adding nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and a permafrost leachate to peat across these four plant communities. The upper 20 cm of permafrost contained 715 ± 298 mg m−2 of extractable inorganic N and 20 ± 6 mg m−2 of resin-extractable phosphorus (Presin), for a N:P ratio of 36:1. These low amounts of Presin coincide with high acid-digestible aluminum (Al), iron (Fe), and P concentrations in the permafrost soil and suggest that P may accumulate via sorption and constrain easily available forms of P for plants and microbes. Permafrost leachate additions decreased potential CH4 production rates up to 80\\\\% and decreased CH4 oxidation rates by 66\\\\%, likely due to inhibitory effects of N in the permafrost. In contrast, organic and inorganic P additions increased CH4 oxidation rates up to 36\\\\% in the tall graminoid fen, a community where phosphate availability was low and CH4 production was high. Our results suggest that (1) inorganic N is available immediately from permafrost thaw, while (2) P availability is controlled by sorption properties, and (3) plant community, nutrient stoichiometry, and metal availability modulate how permafrost thaw affects CH4 production and oxidation.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {2},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Ecosystems},\\n\\tauthor = {Kashi, N. Niloufar and Hobbie, Erik A. and Varner, Ruth K. and Wymore, Adam S. and Ernakovich, Jessica G. and Giesler, Reiner},\\n\\tmonth = mar,\\n\\tyear = {2023},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, iron, methane oxidation, methane production, nutrients, peatlands, permafrost, phosphorus sorption, resource stoichiometry},\\n\\tpages = {302--317},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Kashi, N. N.\",\"Hobbie, E. A.\",\"Varner, R. K.\",\"Wymore, A. S.\",\"Ernakovich, J. G.\",\"Giesler, R.\"],\"key\":\"kashi_nutrients_2023\",\"id\":\"kashi_nutrients_2023\",\"bibbaseid\":\"kashi-hobbie-varner-wymore-ernakovich-giesler-nutrientsaltermethaneproductionandoxidationinathawingpermafrostmire-2023\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-022-00758-5\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"iron\",\"methane oxidation\",\"methane production\",\"nutrients\",\"peatlands\",\"permafrost\",\"phosphorus sorption\",\"resource stoichiometry\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Stand age and climate influence forest ecosystem service delivery and multifunctionality\",\"volume\":\"15\",\"issn\":\"1748-9326\",\"url\":\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abaf1c\",\"doi\":\"10.1088/1748-9326/abaf1c\",\"abstract\":\"We examine how levels of multiple ecosystem services (ESs) change with succession in forests with different tree species composition. More specifically we ask how ecosystem age interacts with environmental conditions to regulate ES delivery. Using the nationwide Swedish forest inventory, comprising boreal and temperate regions, we investigated how levels of six provisioning, regulating, recreational, and/or cultural forest ESs changed with forest age (10–185 years) in stands of different tree species composition. We also tested whether the number of ESs delivered (i.e. multifunctionality) changed substantially with stand age, using different threshold levels for ES delivery. Accounting for environmental conditions and stand properties, we found that levels of single ESs changed with stand age. Tree biomass production usually peaked in young to medium aged stands. In contrast, production of berries and game, and services related to biodiversity, were typically highest in old stands (120–185 years). Consistent with this strong temporal tradeoff, multifunctionality at lower threshold levels increased with stand age in most monocultures and mixtures, with the highest multifunctionality being reached somewhere between 100 and 185 years, depending on tree species composition. This was not evident for the highest threshold ES level (the top-20%), however. Moreover, multifunctionality usually decreased with warmer climatic conditions, with the exception of spruce–pine–birch mixtures. Taken together, our results show that a reduced forest age, e.g. due to forestry targeting early harvest of stands, most likely would limit the delivery of several ESs valued by society and result in less multifunctional forests. To maintain the capacity of forests to deliver high levels of multiple ESs, the role of stand age and tree species composition should be considered in decisions on how to manage future forests.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"9\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Environmental Research Letters\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jonsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Micael\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bengtsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Moen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jon\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Gamfeldt\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Lars\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Snäll\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Tord\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"September\",\"year\":\"2020\",\"note\":\"Publisher: IOP Publishing\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource\",\"pages\":\"0940a8\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{jonsson_stand_2020,\\n\\ttitle = {Stand age and climate influence forest ecosystem service delivery and multifunctionality},\\n\\tvolume = {15},\\n\\tissn = {1748-9326},\\n\\turl = {https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abaf1c},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1088/1748-9326/abaf1c},\\n\\tabstract = {We examine how levels of multiple ecosystem services (ESs) change with succession in forests with different tree species composition. More specifically we ask how ecosystem age interacts with environmental conditions to regulate ES delivery. Using the nationwide Swedish forest inventory, comprising boreal and temperate regions, we investigated how levels of six provisioning, regulating, recreational, and/or cultural forest ESs changed with forest age (10–185 years) in stands of different tree species composition. We also tested whether the number of ESs delivered (i.e. multifunctionality) changed substantially with stand age, using different threshold levels for ES delivery. Accounting for environmental conditions and stand properties, we found that levels of single ESs changed with stand age. Tree biomass production usually peaked in young to medium aged stands. In contrast, production of berries and game, and services related to biodiversity, were typically highest in old stands (120–185 years). Consistent with this strong temporal tradeoff, multifunctionality at lower threshold levels increased with stand age in most monocultures and mixtures, with the highest multifunctionality being reached somewhere between 100 and 185 years, depending on tree species composition. This was not evident for the highest threshold ES level (the top-20\\\\%), however. Moreover, multifunctionality usually decreased with warmer climatic conditions, with the exception of spruce–pine–birch mixtures. Taken together, our results show that a reduced forest age, e.g. due to forestry targeting early harvest of stands, most likely would limit the delivery of several ESs valued by society and result in less multifunctional forests. To maintain the capacity of forests to deliver high levels of multiple ESs, the role of stand age and tree species composition should be considered in decisions on how to manage future forests.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {9},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Environmental Research Letters},\\n\\tauthor = {Jonsson, Micael and Bengtsson, Jan and Moen, Jon and Gamfeldt, Lars and Snäll, Tord},\\n\\tmonth = sep,\\n\\tyear = {2020},\\n\\tnote = {Publisher: IOP Publishing},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource},\\n\\tpages = {0940a8},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Jonsson, M.\",\"Bengtsson, J.\",\"Moen, J.\",\"Gamfeldt, L.\",\"Snäll, T.\"],\"key\":\"jonsson_stand_2020\",\"id\":\"jonsson_stand_2020\",\"bibbaseid\":\"jonsson-bengtsson-moen-gamfeldt-snll-standageandclimateinfluenceforestecosystemservicedeliveryandmultifunctionality-2020\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abaf1c\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Cascading effects of earthworm invasion increase graminoid density and rodent grazing intensities\",\"volume\":\"105\",\"copyright\":\"© 2023 The Authors. Ecology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The Ecological Society of America.\",\"issn\":\"1939-9170\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ecy.4212\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/ecy.4212\",\"abstract\":\"Human-mediated dispersal of non-native earthworms can cause substantial changes to the functioning and composition of ecosystems previously earthworm-free. Some of these earthworm species have the potential to “geoengineer” soils and increase plant nitrogen (N) uptake. Yet the possible consequences of increased plant N concentrations on rodent grazing remains poorly understood. In this study, we present findings from a common garden experiment with two tundra communities, meadow (forb dominated) and heath (shrub dominated), half of them subjected to 4 years of earthworm presence (Lumbricus spp. and Aporrectodea spp.). Within four summers, our earthworm treatment changed plant community composition by increasing graminoid density by, on average, 94% in the heath vegetation and by 49% in the meadow. Rodent winter grazing was more intense on plants growing in soils with earthworms, an effect that coincided with higher N concentrations in plants, indicating a higher palatability. Even though earthworms reduced soil moisture, plant community productivity, as indicated by vegetation greenness (normalized difference vegetation index), was not negatively impacted. We conclude that earthworm-induced changes in plant composition and trophic interactions may fundamentally alter the functioning of tundra ecosystems.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"2\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Ecology\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jonsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Hanna\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Olofsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Johan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Blume-Werry\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Gesche\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Klaminder\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jonatan\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2024\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ecy.4212\",\"keywords\":\"Lumbricidae, earthworms, grazing, non-native, plant community, soil moisture, tundra, ⛔ No DOI found\",\"pages\":\"e4212\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{jonsson_cascading_2024,\\n\\ttitle = {Cascading effects of earthworm invasion increase graminoid density and rodent grazing intensities},\\n\\tvolume = {105},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2023 The Authors. Ecology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The Ecological Society of America.},\\n\\tissn = {1939-9170},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ecy.4212},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1002/ecy.4212},\\n\\tabstract = {Human-mediated dispersal of non-native earthworms can cause substantial changes to the functioning and composition of ecosystems previously earthworm-free. Some of these earthworm species have the potential to “geoengineer” soils and increase plant nitrogen (N) uptake. Yet the possible consequences of increased plant N concentrations on rodent grazing remains poorly understood. In this study, we present findings from a common garden experiment with two tundra communities, meadow (forb dominated) and heath (shrub dominated), half of them subjected to 4 years of earthworm presence (Lumbricus spp. and Aporrectodea spp.). Within four summers, our earthworm treatment changed plant community composition by increasing graminoid density by, on average, 94\\\\% in the heath vegetation and by 49\\\\% in the meadow. Rodent winter grazing was more intense on plants growing in soils with earthworms, an effect that coincided with higher N concentrations in plants, indicating a higher palatability. Even though earthworms reduced soil moisture, plant community productivity, as indicated by vegetation greenness (normalized difference vegetation index), was not negatively impacted. We conclude that earthworm-induced changes in plant composition and trophic interactions may fundamentally alter the functioning of tundra ecosystems.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {2},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Ecology},\\n\\tauthor = {Jonsson, Hanna and Olofsson, Johan and Blume-Werry, Gesche and Klaminder, Jonatan},\\n\\tyear = {2024},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ecy.4212},\\n\\tkeywords = {Lumbricidae, earthworms, grazing, non-native, plant community, soil moisture, tundra, ⛔ No DOI found},\\n\\tpages = {e4212},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Jonsson, H.\",\"Olofsson, J.\",\"Blume-Werry, G.\",\"Klaminder, J.\"],\"key\":\"jonsson_cascading_2024\",\"id\":\"jonsson_cascading_2024\",\"bibbaseid\":\"jonsson-olofsson-blumewerry-klaminder-cascadingeffectsofearthworminvasionincreasegraminoiddensityandrodentgrazingintensities-2024\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ecy.4212\"},\"keyword\":[\"Lumbricidae\",\"earthworms\",\"grazing\",\"non-native\",\"plant community\",\"soil moisture\",\"tundra\",\"⛔ No DOI found\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Understory functional groups and fire history but not experimental warming drive tree seedling performance in unmanaged boreal forests\",\"volume\":\"6\",\"issn\":\"2624-893X\",\"url\":\"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/ffgc.2023.1130532\",\"doi\":\"10.3389/ffgc.2023.1130532\",\"abstract\":\"Survival and growth of tree seedlings are key processes of regeneration in forest ecosystems. However, little is known about how climate warming modulates seedling performance either directly or in interaction with understory vegetation and post-fire successional stages. We measured survival (over three years) and growth of seedlings of three tree species (Betula pubescens, Pinus sylvestris and Picea abies) in a full-factorial field experiment with passive warming and removal of two plant functional groups (feather moss and/or ericaceous shrubs) along a post-fire chronosequence in an unmanaged boreal forest. Warming had no effect on seedling survival over time or on relative biomass growth. Meanwhile, moss removal greatly increased seedling survival overall, while shrub removal cancelled this effect for B. pubescens seedlings. In addition, B. pubescens and P. sylvestris survival benefitted most from moss removal in old forests (\\\\textgreater260 years since last fire disturbance). In contrast to survival, seedling growth was promoted by shrub removal for two out of three species, i.e., P. sylvestris and P. abies, meaning that seedling survival and growth are governed by different understory functional groups affecting seedling performance through different mechanism and modes of action. Our findings highlight that understory vegetation and to a lesser extent post-fire successional stage are important drivers of seedling performance while the direct effect of climate warming is not. This suggests that tree regeneration in future forests may be more responsive to changes in understory vegetation or fire regime, e.g. indirectly caused by warming, than to direct or interactive effects of rising temperatures.\",\"language\":\"English\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Frontiers in Forests and Global Change\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jessen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Maria-Theresa\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Krab\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Eveline\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lett\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Signe\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Nilsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Marie-Charlotte\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Teuber\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Laurenz\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Wardle\"],\"firstnames\":[\"David\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Dorrepaal\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ellen\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"May\",\"year\":\"2023\",\"note\":\"Publisher: Frontiers\",\"keywords\":\"Climate Change, Forest regneration, Shrubs, Survival, forest fire, moss, plant functional group removal\",\"pages\":\"1130532\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{jessen_understory_2023,\\n\\ttitle = {Understory functional groups and fire history but not experimental warming drive tree seedling performance in unmanaged boreal forests},\\n\\tvolume = {6},\\n\\tissn = {2624-893X},\\n\\turl = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/ffgc.2023.1130532},\\n\\tdoi = {10.3389/ffgc.2023.1130532},\\n\\tabstract = {Survival and growth of tree seedlings are key processes of regeneration in forest ecosystems. However, little is known about how climate warming modulates seedling performance either directly or in interaction with understory vegetation and post-fire successional stages. We measured survival (over three years) and growth of seedlings of three tree species (Betula pubescens, Pinus sylvestris and Picea abies) in a full-factorial field experiment with passive warming and removal of two plant functional groups (feather moss and/or ericaceous shrubs) along a post-fire chronosequence in an unmanaged boreal forest. Warming had no effect on seedling survival over time or on relative biomass growth. Meanwhile, moss removal greatly increased seedling survival overall, while shrub removal cancelled this effect for B. pubescens seedlings. In addition, B. pubescens and P. sylvestris survival benefitted most from moss removal in old forests ({\\\\textgreater}260 years since last fire disturbance). In contrast to survival, seedling growth was promoted by shrub removal for two out of three species, i.e., P. sylvestris and P. abies, meaning that seedling survival and growth are governed by different understory functional groups affecting seedling performance through different mechanism and modes of action. Our findings highlight that understory vegetation and to a lesser extent post-fire successional stage are important drivers of seedling performance while the direct effect of climate warming is not. This suggests that tree regeneration in future forests may be more responsive to changes in understory vegetation or fire regime, e.g. indirectly caused by warming, than to direct or interactive effects of rising temperatures.},\\n\\tlanguage = {English},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Frontiers in Forests and Global Change},\\n\\tauthor = {Jessen, Maria-Theresa and Krab, Eveline J. and Lett, Signe and Nilsson, Marie-Charlotte and Teuber, Laurenz and Wardle, David A. and Dorrepaal, Ellen},\\n\\tmonth = may,\\n\\tyear = {2023},\\n\\tnote = {Publisher: Frontiers},\\n\\tkeywords = {Climate Change, Forest regneration, Shrubs, Survival, forest fire, moss, plant functional group removal},\\n\\tpages = {1130532},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Jessen, M.\",\"Krab, E. J.\",\"Lett, S.\",\"Nilsson, M.\",\"Teuber, L.\",\"Wardle, D. A.\",\"Dorrepaal, E.\"],\"key\":\"jessen_understory_2023\",\"id\":\"jessen_understory_2023\",\"bibbaseid\":\"jessen-krab-lett-nilsson-teuber-wardle-dorrepaal-understoryfunctionalgroupsandfirehistorybutnotexperimentalwarmingdrivetreeseedlingperformanceinunmanagedborealforests-2023\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/ffgc.2023.1130532\"},\"keyword\":[\"Climate Change\",\"Forest regneration\",\"Shrubs\",\"Survival\",\"forest fire\",\"moss\",\"plant functional group removal\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Mammalian herbivory shapes intraspecific trait responses to warmer climate and nutrient enrichment\",\"volume\":\"26\",\"copyright\":\"© 2020 The Authors. Global Change Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd\",\"issn\":\"1365-2486\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.15378\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/gcb.15378\",\"abstract\":\"Variation in intraspecific traits is one important mechanism that can allow plant species to respond to global changes. Understanding plant trait responses to environmental changes such as grazing patterns, nutrient enrichment and climate warming is, thus, essential for predicting the composition of future plant communities. We measured traits of eight common tundra species in a fully factorial field experiment with mammalian herbivore exclusion, fertilization, and passive warming, and assessed how trait responsiveness to the treatments was associated with abundance changes in those treatments. Herbivory exhibited the strongest impact on traits. Exclusion of herbivores increased vegetative plant height by 50% and specific leaf area (SLA) by 19%, and decreased foliar C:N by 11%; fertilization and warming also increased height and SLA but to a smaller extent. Herbivory also modulated intraspecific height, SLA and foliar C:N responses to fertilization and warming, and these interactions were species-specific. Furthermore, herbivory affected how trait change translated into relative abundance change: increased height under warming and fertilization was more positively related to abundance change inside fences than in grazed plots. Our findings highlight the key role of mammalian herbivory when assessing intraspecific trait change in tundra and its consequences for plant performance under global changes.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"12\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Global Change Biology\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jessen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Maria-Theresa\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kaarlejärvi\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Elina\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Olofsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Johan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Eskelinen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Anu\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2020\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.15378\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, anthropogenic change, climate warming, grazing, herbivory, intraspecific trait plasticity, nutrient addition, open-top chamber, plant performance, reindeer, trait–environment relationship\",\"pages\":\"6742–6752\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{jessen_mammalian_2020,\\n\\ttitle = {Mammalian herbivory shapes intraspecific trait responses to warmer climate and nutrient enrichment},\\n\\tvolume = {26},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2020 The Authors. Global Change Biology published by John Wiley \\\\& Sons Ltd},\\n\\tissn = {1365-2486},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.15378},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/gcb.15378},\\n\\tabstract = {Variation in intraspecific traits is one important mechanism that can allow plant species to respond to global changes. Understanding plant trait responses to environmental changes such as grazing patterns, nutrient enrichment and climate warming is, thus, essential for predicting the composition of future plant communities. We measured traits of eight common tundra species in a fully factorial field experiment with mammalian herbivore exclusion, fertilization, and passive warming, and assessed how trait responsiveness to the treatments was associated with abundance changes in those treatments. Herbivory exhibited the strongest impact on traits. Exclusion of herbivores increased vegetative plant height by 50\\\\% and specific leaf area (SLA) by 19\\\\%, and decreased foliar C:N by 11\\\\%; fertilization and warming also increased height and SLA but to a smaller extent. Herbivory also modulated intraspecific height, SLA and foliar C:N responses to fertilization and warming, and these interactions were species-specific. Furthermore, herbivory affected how trait change translated into relative abundance change: increased height under warming and fertilization was more positively related to abundance change inside fences than in grazed plots. Our findings highlight the key role of mammalian herbivory when assessing intraspecific trait change in tundra and its consequences for plant performance under global changes.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {12},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Global Change Biology},\\n\\tauthor = {Jessen, Maria-Theresa and Kaarlejärvi, Elina and Olofsson, Johan and Eskelinen, Anu},\\n\\tyear = {2020},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.15378},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, anthropogenic change, climate warming, grazing, herbivory, intraspecific trait plasticity, nutrient addition, open-top chamber, plant performance, reindeer, trait–environment relationship},\\n\\tpages = {6742--6752},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Jessen, M.\",\"Kaarlejärvi, E.\",\"Olofsson, J.\",\"Eskelinen, A.\"],\"key\":\"jessen_mammalian_2020\",\"id\":\"jessen_mammalian_2020\",\"bibbaseid\":\"jessen-kaarlejrvi-olofsson-eskelinen-mammalianherbivoryshapesintraspecifictraitresponsestowarmerclimateandnutrientenrichment-2020\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.15378\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"anthropogenic change\",\"climate warming\",\"grazing\",\"herbivory\",\"intraspecific trait plasticity\",\"nutrient addition\",\"open-top chamber\",\"plant performance\",\"reindeer\",\"trait–environment relationship\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"The legacy of ecological imperialism in the Scandes: Earthworms and their implications for Arctic research\",\"volume\":\"55\",\"issn\":\"1523-0430\",\"shorttitle\":\"The legacy of ecological imperialism in the Scandes\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/15230430.2023.2274650\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/15230430.2023.2274650\",\"abstract\":\"In the nineteenth century, numerous settlements were established in the alpine region of Fennoscandia (the Scandes), an area that later became a major international scene for Arctic research. Here we raise awareness of this era and show that earthworm-driven bioturbation in “pristine” soils around contemporary Arctic research infrastructure is caused by soil fauna left behind during early land use. We use soil preserved under an alpine settlement to highlight that soils were not bioturbated when the first house was built at a site where bioturbation is now widespread. A review of archived material with unique site-specific chronology constrained the onset of bioturbation to the post-1871 era. Our results suggest that small-scale land use introduced earthworms that now thrive far beyond the realms of former cultivated fields. The legacy of soil fauna from this example of “ecological imperialism” still lingers and should be considered when studying soils of the Scandes.\",\"number\":\"1\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jerand\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Philip\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Klaminder\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jonatan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Linderholm\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Johan\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"December\",\"year\":\"2023\",\"note\":\"Publisher: Taylor & Francis _eprint: https://doi.org/10.1080/15230430.2023.2274650\",\"keywords\":\"Archaeology, bioturbation, historical sources, phosphate analysis, soil classification\",\"pages\":\"2274650\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{jerand_legacy_2023,\\n\\ttitle = {The legacy of ecological imperialism in the {Scandes}: {Earthworms} and their implications for {Arctic} research},\\n\\tvolume = {55},\\n\\tissn = {1523-0430},\\n\\tshorttitle = {The legacy of ecological imperialism in the {Scandes}},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1080/15230430.2023.2274650},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1080/15230430.2023.2274650},\\n\\tabstract = {In the nineteenth century, numerous settlements were established in the alpine region of Fennoscandia (the Scandes), an area that later became a major international scene for Arctic research. Here we raise awareness of this era and show that earthworm-driven bioturbation in “pristine” soils around contemporary Arctic research infrastructure is caused by soil fauna left behind during early land use. We use soil preserved under an alpine settlement to highlight that soils were not bioturbated when the first house was built at a site where bioturbation is now widespread. A review of archived material with unique site-specific chronology constrained the onset of bioturbation to the post-1871 era. Our results suggest that small-scale land use introduced earthworms that now thrive far beyond the realms of former cultivated fields. The legacy of soil fauna from this example of “ecological imperialism” still lingers and should be considered when studying soils of the Scandes.},\\n\\tnumber = {1},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research},\\n\\tauthor = {Jerand, Philip and Klaminder, Jonatan and Linderholm, Johan},\\n\\tmonth = dec,\\n\\tyear = {2023},\\n\\tnote = {Publisher: Taylor \\\\& Francis\\n\\\\_eprint: https://doi.org/10.1080/15230430.2023.2274650},\\n\\tkeywords = {Archaeology, bioturbation, historical sources, phosphate analysis, soil classification},\\n\\tpages = {2274650},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Jerand, P.\",\"Klaminder, J.\",\"Linderholm, J.\"],\"key\":\"jerand_legacy_2023\",\"id\":\"jerand_legacy_2023\",\"bibbaseid\":\"jerand-klaminder-linderholm-thelegacyofecologicalimperialisminthescandesearthwormsandtheirimplicationsforarcticresearch-2023\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/15230430.2023.2274650\"},\"keyword\":[\"Archaeology\",\"bioturbation\",\"historical sources\",\"phosphate analysis\",\"soil classification\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Trade-offs Between Light and Nutrient Availability Across Gradients of Dissolved Organic Carbon Lead to Spatially and Temporally Variable Responses of Lake Phytoplankton Biomass to Browning\",\"volume\":\"24\",\"issn\":\"1435-0629\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-021-00619-7\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10021-021-00619-7\",\"abstract\":\"Northern lakes are experiencing widespread increases in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) that are likely to lead to changes in pelagic phytoplankton biomass. Pelagic phytoplankton biomass responds to trade-offs between light and nutrient availability. However, the influence of DOC light absorbing properties and carbon–nutrient stoichiometry on phytoplankton biomass across seasonal or spatial gradients has not been assessed. Here, we analyzed data from almost 5000 lakes to examine how the carbon–phytoplankton biomass relationship is influenced by seasonal changes in light availability, DOC light absorbing properties (carbon-specific visual absorbance, SVA420), and DOC–nutrient [total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP)] stoichiometry, using TOC as a proxy for DOC. We found evidence for trade-offs between light and nutrient availability in the relationship between DOC and phytoplankton biomass [chlorophyll (chl)-a], with the shape of the relationship varying with season. A clear unimodal relationship was found only in the fall, particularly in the subsets of lakes with the highest TOC:TP. Observed trends of increasing TOC:TP and decreasing TOC:TN suggest that the effects of future browning will be contingent on future changes in carbon–nutrient stoichiometry. If browning continues, phytoplankton biomass will likely increase in most northern lakes, with increases of up to 76% for a 1.7 mg L−1 increase in DOC expected in subarctic regions, where DOC, SVA420, DOC:TN, and DOC:TP are all low. In boreal regions with higher DOC and higher SVA420, and thus lower light availability, lakes may experience only moderate increases or even decreases in phytoplankton biomass with future browning.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"8\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Ecosystems\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Isles\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Peter\",\"D.\",\"F.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Creed\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Irena\",\"F.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jonsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Anders\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bergström\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ann-Kristin\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"December\",\"year\":\"2021\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Boreal, Browning, Chlorophyll-a, DOC, DOC:TN, DOC:TP, Lake, Stoichiometry, Subarctic, Sweden\",\"pages\":\"1837–1852\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{isles_trade-offs_2021,\\n\\ttitle = {Trade-offs {Between} {Light} and {Nutrient} {Availability} {Across} {Gradients} of {Dissolved} {Organic} {Carbon} {Lead} to {Spatially} and {Temporally} {Variable} {Responses} of {Lake} {Phytoplankton} {Biomass} to {Browning}},\\n\\tvolume = {24},\\n\\tissn = {1435-0629},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-021-00619-7},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s10021-021-00619-7},\\n\\tabstract = {Northern lakes are experiencing widespread increases in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) that are likely to lead to changes in pelagic phytoplankton biomass. Pelagic phytoplankton biomass responds to trade-offs between light and nutrient availability. However, the influence of DOC light absorbing properties and carbon–nutrient stoichiometry on phytoplankton biomass across seasonal or spatial gradients has not been assessed. Here, we analyzed data from almost 5000 lakes to examine how the carbon–phytoplankton biomass relationship is influenced by seasonal changes in light availability, DOC light absorbing properties (carbon-specific visual absorbance, SVA420), and DOC–nutrient [total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP)] stoichiometry, using TOC as a proxy for DOC. We found evidence for trade-offs between light and nutrient availability in the relationship between DOC and phytoplankton biomass [chlorophyll (chl)-a], with the shape of the relationship varying with season. A clear unimodal relationship was found only in the fall, particularly in the subsets of lakes with the highest TOC:TP. Observed trends of increasing TOC:TP and decreasing TOC:TN suggest that the effects of future browning will be contingent on future changes in carbon–nutrient stoichiometry. If browning continues, phytoplankton biomass will likely increase in most northern lakes, with increases of up to 76\\\\% for a 1.7 mg L−1 increase in DOC expected in subarctic regions, where DOC, SVA420, DOC:TN, and DOC:TP are all low. In boreal regions with higher DOC and higher SVA420, and thus lower light availability, lakes may experience only moderate increases or even decreases in phytoplankton biomass with future browning.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {8},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Ecosystems},\\n\\tauthor = {Isles, Peter D. F. and Creed, Irena F. and Jonsson, Anders and Bergström, Ann-Kristin},\\n\\tmonth = dec,\\n\\tyear = {2021},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Boreal, Browning, Chlorophyll-a, DOC, DOC:TN, DOC:TP, Lake, Stoichiometry, Subarctic, Sweden},\\n\\tpages = {1837--1852},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Isles, P. D. F.\",\"Creed, I. F.\",\"Jonsson, A.\",\"Bergström, A.\"],\"key\":\"isles_trade-offs_2021\",\"id\":\"isles_trade-offs_2021\",\"bibbaseid\":\"isles-creed-jonsson-bergstrm-tradeoffsbetweenlightandnutrientavailabilityacrossgradientsofdissolvedorganiccarbonleadtospatiallyandtemporallyvariableresponsesoflakephytoplanktonbiomasstobrowning-2021\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-021-00619-7\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Boreal\",\"Browning\",\"Chlorophyll-a\",\"DOC\",\"DOC:TN\",\"DOC:TP\",\"Lake\",\"Stoichiometry\",\"Subarctic\",\"Sweden\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"downloads\":1,\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"The drivers of dark diversity in the Scandinavian mountains are metric-dependent\",\"volume\":\"34\",\"copyright\":\"© 2023 International Association for Vegetation Science.\",\"issn\":\"1654-1103\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jvs.13212\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/jvs.13212\",\"abstract\":\"Question Dark diversity refers to the set of species that are not observed in an area but could potentially occur based on suitable local environmental conditions. In this paper, we applied both niche-based and co-occurrence-based methods to estimate the dark diversity of vascular plant species in the subarctic mountains. We then aimed to unravel the drivers explaining (a) why some locations were missing relatively more suitable species than others, and (b) why certain plant species were more often absent from suitable locations than others. Location The Scandinavian mountains around Abisko, northern Sweden. Methods We calculated the dark diversity in 107 plots spread out across four mountain trails using four different methods: two co-occurrence-based (Beals’ index and the hypergeometric method) and two niche-based (the climatic niche model and climatic niche model followed by species-specific threshold). We then applied multiple Generalized Linear Mixed-Effects Models and General Linear Models to determine which habitat characteristics and species traits contributed the most to dark diversity. Results The study showed a notable divergence in the predicted drivers of dark diversity depending on the method used. Nevertheless, we can conclude that plot-level dark diversity was generally 17% higher in areas at low elevations and 31% higher in areas with a low species richness. Conclusion Our findings call for caution when interpreting statistical findings of dark-diversity estimates. Even so, all analyses point toward an important role for natural processes such as competitive dominance as the main driver of the spatial patterns found in dark diversity in the northern Scandes.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"6\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Journal of Vegetation Science\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hostens\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Lore\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Van\",\"Meerbeek\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Koenraad\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Wiegmans\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Dymphna\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Larson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Keith\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lenoir\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jonathan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Clavel\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Wedegärtner\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ronja\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Pirée\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Amber\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Nijs\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ivan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lembrechts\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jonas\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2023\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/jvs.13212\",\"keywords\":\"Beals’ index, co-occurrence model, habitat characteristics, method comparison, niche model, plant diversity, plant ecology, plant traits, regional species pool\",\"pages\":\"e13212\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{hostens_drivers_2023,\\n\\ttitle = {The drivers of dark diversity in the {Scandinavian} mountains are metric-dependent},\\n\\tvolume = {34},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2023 International Association for Vegetation Science.},\\n\\tissn = {1654-1103},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jvs.13212},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/jvs.13212},\\n\\tabstract = {Question Dark diversity refers to the set of species that are not observed in an area but could potentially occur based on suitable local environmental conditions. In this paper, we applied both niche-based and co-occurrence-based methods to estimate the dark diversity of vascular plant species in the subarctic mountains. We then aimed to unravel the drivers explaining (a) why some locations were missing relatively more suitable species than others, and (b) why certain plant species were more often absent from suitable locations than others. Location The Scandinavian mountains around Abisko, northern Sweden. Methods We calculated the dark diversity in 107 plots spread out across four mountain trails using four different methods: two co-occurrence-based (Beals’ index and the hypergeometric method) and two niche-based (the climatic niche model and climatic niche model followed by species-specific threshold). We then applied multiple Generalized Linear Mixed-Effects Models and General Linear Models to determine which habitat characteristics and species traits contributed the most to dark diversity. Results The study showed a notable divergence in the predicted drivers of dark diversity depending on the method used. Nevertheless, we can conclude that plot-level dark diversity was generally 17\\\\% higher in areas at low elevations and 31\\\\% higher in areas with a low species richness. Conclusion Our findings call for caution when interpreting statistical findings of dark-diversity estimates. Even so, all analyses point toward an important role for natural processes such as competitive dominance as the main driver of the spatial patterns found in dark diversity in the northern Scandes.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {6},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Journal of Vegetation Science},\\n\\tauthor = {Hostens, Lore and Van Meerbeek, Koenraad and Wiegmans, Dymphna and Larson, Keith and Lenoir, Jonathan and Clavel, Jan and Wedegärtner, Ronja and Pirée, Amber and Nijs, Ivan and Lembrechts, Jonas J.},\\n\\tyear = {2023},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/jvs.13212},\\n\\tkeywords = {Beals’ index, co-occurrence model, habitat characteristics, method comparison, niche model, plant diversity, plant ecology, plant traits, regional species pool},\\n\\tpages = {e13212},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Hostens, L.\",\"Van Meerbeek, K.\",\"Wiegmans, D.\",\"Larson, K.\",\"Lenoir, J.\",\"Clavel, J.\",\"Wedegärtner, R.\",\"Pirée, A.\",\"Nijs, I.\",\"Lembrechts, J. J.\"],\"key\":\"hostens_drivers_2023\",\"id\":\"hostens_drivers_2023\",\"bibbaseid\":\"hostens-vanmeerbeek-wiegmans-larson-lenoir-clavel-wedegrtner-pire-etal-thedriversofdarkdiversityinthescandinavianmountainsaremetricdependent-2023\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jvs.13212\"},\"keyword\":[\"Beals’ index\",\"co-occurrence model\",\"habitat characteristics\",\"method comparison\",\"niche model\",\"plant diversity\",\"plant ecology\",\"plant traits\",\"regional species pool\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"An experimental test of climate change effects in northern lakes: Increasing allochthonous organic matter and warming alters autumn primary production\",\"volume\":\"66\",\"copyright\":\"© 2021 The Authors. Freshwater Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.\",\"issn\":\"1365-2427\",\"shorttitle\":\"An experimental test of climate change effects in northern lakes\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/fwb.13679\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/fwb.13679\",\"abstract\":\"Climate changes are predicted to influence gross primary production (GPP) of lakes directly through warming and indirectly through increased loads of allochthonous coloured dissolved organic matter (cDOM) from surrounding landscapes. However, few studies have investigated this combined effect. Here we tested the effects of warming (elevated 3℃) and cDOM input (three levels of humic river water addition) on GPP in autumn (2 months including open water and ice-covered periods) in experimental pond ecosystems. The cDOM input decreased whole-ecosystem GPP at natural temperature conditions mainly as a result of lower benthic GPP not fully counteracted by an increase in pelagic GPP, while warming increased whole-ecosystem GPP due to a positive response of mainly pelagic GPP at all levels of cDOM input. Warming delayed autumn ice cover formation by 2 weeks but did not affect light availability in the water column compared to ambient ice-covered treatments. Gross primary production during this period was still affected by warming and cDOM. The results stress the importance of accounting for multiple climate drivers and habitats when predicting lake GPP responses to climate change. We conclude that climate change may shift whole-ecosystem GPP through different responses of habitat-specific GPP to increasing cDOM inputs and warming.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"5\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Freshwater Biology\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hamdan\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Mohammed\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Byström\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Pär\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hotchkiss\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Erin\",\"R.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Al-Haidarey\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Mohammed\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Karlsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jan\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2021\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/fwb.13679\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, brownification, habitat-specific, limitation, rising temperature, whole productivity\",\"pages\":\"815–825\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{hamdan_experimental_2021,\\n\\ttitle = {An experimental test of climate change effects in northern lakes: {Increasing} allochthonous organic matter and warming alters autumn primary production},\\n\\tvolume = {66},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2021 The Authors. Freshwater Biology published by John Wiley \\\\& Sons Ltd.},\\n\\tissn = {1365-2427},\\n\\tshorttitle = {An experimental test of climate change effects in northern lakes},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/fwb.13679},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/fwb.13679},\\n\\tabstract = {Climate changes are predicted to influence gross primary production (GPP) of lakes directly through warming and indirectly through increased loads of allochthonous coloured dissolved organic matter (cDOM) from surrounding landscapes. However, few studies have investigated this combined effect. Here we tested the effects of warming (elevated 3℃) and cDOM input (three levels of humic river water addition) on GPP in autumn (2 months including open water and ice-covered periods) in experimental pond ecosystems. The cDOM input decreased whole-ecosystem GPP at natural temperature conditions mainly as a result of lower benthic GPP not fully counteracted by an increase in pelagic GPP, while warming increased whole-ecosystem GPP due to a positive response of mainly pelagic GPP at all levels of cDOM input. Warming delayed autumn ice cover formation by 2 weeks but did not affect light availability in the water column compared to ambient ice-covered treatments. Gross primary production during this period was still affected by warming and cDOM. The results stress the importance of accounting for multiple climate drivers and habitats when predicting lake GPP responses to climate change. We conclude that climate change may shift whole-ecosystem GPP through different responses of habitat-specific GPP to increasing cDOM inputs and warming.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {5},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Freshwater Biology},\\n\\tauthor = {Hamdan, Mohammed and Byström, Pär and Hotchkiss, Erin R. and Al-Haidarey, Mohammed J. and Karlsson, Jan},\\n\\tyear = {2021},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/fwb.13679},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, brownification, habitat-specific, limitation, rising temperature, whole productivity},\\n\\tpages = {815--825},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Hamdan, M.\",\"Byström, P.\",\"Hotchkiss, E. R.\",\"Al-Haidarey, M. J.\",\"Karlsson, J.\"],\"key\":\"hamdan_experimental_2021\",\"id\":\"hamdan_experimental_2021\",\"bibbaseid\":\"hamdan-bystrm-hotchkiss-alhaidarey-karlsson-anexperimentaltestofclimatechangeeffectsinnorthernlakesincreasingallochthonousorganicmatterandwarmingaltersautumnprimaryproduction-2021\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/fwb.13679\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"brownification\",\"habitat-specific\",\"limitation\",\"rising temperature\",\"whole productivity\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Pulse grazing by reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) can increase the phylogenetic diversity of vascular plant communities in the Fennoscandian tundra\",\"volume\":\"11\",\"copyright\":\"© 2021 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.\",\"issn\":\"2045-7758\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ece3.8131\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/ece3.8131\",\"abstract\":\"Herbivore grazing is an important determinant of plant community assemblages. Thus, it is essential to understand its impact to direct conservation efforts in regions where herbivores are managed. While the impacts of reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) grazing on plant biodiversity and community composition in the Fennoscandian tundra are well studied, the impact of reindeer grazing on phylogenetic community structure is not. We used data from a multiyear quasi-experimental study in northern Fennoscandia to analyze the effect of reindeer grazing on plant community diversity including its phylogenetic structure. Our study design used a permanent fence constructed in the 1960s and temporary fences constructed along the permanent fence to expose plant communities to three different grazing regimes: light (almost never grazed), pulse (grazed every other year), and press (chronic grazing for over 40 years). Similar to previous studies on low productivity ecosystems in this region, the species richness and evenness of plant communities with pulse and press grazing did not differ from communities with light grazing. Also consistent with previous studies in this region, we observed a transition from shrub-dominated communities with light grazing to graminoid-dominated communities with pulse and press grazing. Interestingly, communities with pulse, but not press, grazing were more phylogenetically dispersed than communities with light grazing. If grazing pulses can increase the phylogenetic diversity of plant communities, our result suggests changes in reindeer management allowing for pulses of grazing to increase phylogenetic diversity of plant communities.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"21\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Ecology and Evolution\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Gibson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Kate\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Olofsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Johan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Mooers\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Arne\",\"Ø.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Monroe\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Melanie\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2021\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ece3.8131\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, biodiversity, community structure, grazing, herbivore, phylogenetic diversity\",\"pages\":\"14598–14614\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{gibson_pulse_2021,\\n\\ttitle = {Pulse grazing by reindeer ({Rangifer} tarandus) can increase the phylogenetic diversity of vascular plant communities in the {Fennoscandian} tundra},\\n\\tvolume = {11},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2021 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley \\\\& Sons Ltd.},\\n\\tissn = {2045-7758},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ece3.8131},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1002/ece3.8131},\\n\\tabstract = {Herbivore grazing is an important determinant of plant community assemblages. Thus, it is essential to understand its impact to direct conservation efforts in regions where herbivores are managed. While the impacts of reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) grazing on plant biodiversity and community composition in the Fennoscandian tundra are well studied, the impact of reindeer grazing on phylogenetic community structure is not. We used data from a multiyear quasi-experimental study in northern Fennoscandia to analyze the effect of reindeer grazing on plant community diversity including its phylogenetic structure. Our study design used a permanent fence constructed in the 1960s and temporary fences constructed along the permanent fence to expose plant communities to three different grazing regimes: light (almost never grazed), pulse (grazed every other year), and press (chronic grazing for over 40 years). Similar to previous studies on low productivity ecosystems in this region, the species richness and evenness of plant communities with pulse and press grazing did not differ from communities with light grazing. Also consistent with previous studies in this region, we observed a transition from shrub-dominated communities with light grazing to graminoid-dominated communities with pulse and press grazing. Interestingly, communities with pulse, but not press, grazing were more phylogenetically dispersed than communities with light grazing. If grazing pulses can increase the phylogenetic diversity of plant communities, our result suggests changes in reindeer management allowing for pulses of grazing to increase phylogenetic diversity of plant communities.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {21},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Ecology and Evolution},\\n\\tauthor = {Gibson, Kate and Olofsson, Johan and Mooers, Arne Ø. and Monroe, Melanie J.},\\n\\tyear = {2021},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ece3.8131},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, biodiversity, community structure, grazing, herbivore, phylogenetic diversity},\\n\\tpages = {14598--14614},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Gibson, K.\",\"Olofsson, J.\",\"Mooers, A. Ø.\",\"Monroe, M. J.\"],\"key\":\"gibson_pulse_2021\",\"id\":\"gibson_pulse_2021\",\"bibbaseid\":\"gibson-olofsson-mooers-monroe-pulsegrazingbyreindeerrangifertaranduscanincreasethephylogeneticdiversityofvascularplantcommunitiesinthefennoscandiantundra-2021\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ece3.8131\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"biodiversity\",\"community structure\",\"grazing\",\"herbivore\",\"phylogenetic diversity\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Winter ecology of a subalpine grassland: Effects of snow removal on soil respiration, microbial structure and function\",\"volume\":\"590-591\",\"issn\":\"0048-9697\",\"shorttitle\":\"Winter ecology of a subalpine grassland\",\"url\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969717305156\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.03.010\",\"abstract\":\"Seasonal snow cover provides essential insulation for mountain ecosystems, but expected changes in precipitation patterns and snow cover duration due to global warming can influence the activity of soil microbial communities. In turn, these changes have the potential to create new dynamics of soil organic matter cycling. To assess the effects of experimental snow removal and advanced spring conditions on soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) dynamics, and on the biomass and structure of soil microbial communities, we performed an in situ study in a subalpine grassland in the Austrian Alps, in conjunction with soil incubations under controlled conditions. We found substantial winter C-mineralisation and high accumulation of inorganic and organic N in the topsoil, peaking at snowmelt. Soil microbial biomass doubled under the snow, paralleled by a fivefold increase in its C:N ratio, but no apparent change in its bacteria-dominated community structure. Snow removal led to a series of mild freeze-thaw cycles, which had minor effects on in situ soil CO2 production and N mineralisation. Incubated soil under advanced spring conditions, however, revealed an impaired microbial metabolism shortly after snow removal, characterised by a limited capacity for C-mineralisation of both fresh plant-derived substrates and existing soil organic matter (SOM), leading to reduced priming effects. This effect was transient and the observed recovery in microbial respiration and SOM priming towards the end of the winter season indicated microbial resilience to short-lived freeze-thaw disturbance under field conditions. Bacteria showed a higher potential for uptake of plant-derived C substrates during this recovery phase. The observed temporary loss in microbial C-mineralisation capacity and the promotion of bacteria over fungi can likely impede winter SOM cycling in mountain grasslands under recurrent winter climate change events, with plausible implications for soil nutrient availability and plant-soil interactions.\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Science of The Total Environment\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Gavazov\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Konstantin\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ingrisch\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Johannes\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hasibeder\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Roland\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Mills\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Robert\",\"T.\",\"E.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Buttler\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Alexandre\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Gleixner\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Gerd\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Pumpanen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jukka\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bahn\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Michael\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"July\",\"year\":\"2017\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Climate change, Fungal:Bacterial ratio, Microbial C:N, PLFA, Priming effect, Substrate induced respiration, climate change, plfa\",\"pages\":\"316–324\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{gavazov_winter_2017,\\n\\ttitle = {Winter ecology of a subalpine grassland: {Effects} of snow removal on soil respiration, microbial structure and function},\\n\\tvolume = {590-591},\\n\\tissn = {0048-9697},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Winter ecology of a subalpine grassland},\\n\\turl = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969717305156},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.03.010},\\n\\tabstract = {Seasonal snow cover provides essential insulation for mountain ecosystems, but expected changes in precipitation patterns and snow cover duration due to global warming can influence the activity of soil microbial communities. In turn, these changes have the potential to create new dynamics of soil organic matter cycling. To assess the effects of experimental snow removal and advanced spring conditions on soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) dynamics, and on the biomass and structure of soil microbial communities, we performed an in situ study in a subalpine grassland in the Austrian Alps, in conjunction with soil incubations under controlled conditions. We found substantial winter C-mineralisation and high accumulation of inorganic and organic N in the topsoil, peaking at snowmelt. Soil microbial biomass doubled under the snow, paralleled by a fivefold increase in its C:N ratio, but no apparent change in its bacteria-dominated community structure. Snow removal led to a series of mild freeze-thaw cycles, which had minor effects on in situ soil CO2 production and N mineralisation. Incubated soil under advanced spring conditions, however, revealed an impaired microbial metabolism shortly after snow removal, characterised by a limited capacity for C-mineralisation of both fresh plant-derived substrates and existing soil organic matter (SOM), leading to reduced priming effects. This effect was transient and the observed recovery in microbial respiration and SOM priming towards the end of the winter season indicated microbial resilience to short-lived freeze-thaw disturbance under field conditions. Bacteria showed a higher potential for uptake of plant-derived C substrates during this recovery phase. The observed temporary loss in microbial C-mineralisation capacity and the promotion of bacteria over fungi can likely impede winter SOM cycling in mountain grasslands under recurrent winter climate change events, with plausible implications for soil nutrient availability and plant-soil interactions.},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Science of The Total Environment},\\n\\tauthor = {Gavazov, Konstantin and Ingrisch, Johannes and Hasibeder, Roland and Mills, Robert T. E. and Buttler, Alexandre and Gleixner, Gerd and Pumpanen, Jukka and Bahn, Michael},\\n\\tmonth = jul,\\n\\tyear = {2017},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Climate change, Fungal:Bacterial ratio, Microbial C:N, PLFA, Priming effect, Substrate induced respiration, climate change, plfa},\\n\\tpages = {316--324},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Gavazov, K.\",\"Ingrisch, J.\",\"Hasibeder, R.\",\"Mills, R. T. E.\",\"Buttler, A.\",\"Gleixner, G.\",\"Pumpanen, J.\",\"Bahn, M.\"],\"key\":\"gavazov_winter_2017\",\"id\":\"gavazov_winter_2017\",\"bibbaseid\":\"gavazov-ingrisch-hasibeder-mills-buttler-gleixner-pumpanen-bahn-winterecologyofasubalpinegrasslandeffectsofsnowremovalonsoilrespirationmicrobialstructureandfunction-2017\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969717305156\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Climate change\",\"Fungal:Bacterial ratio\",\"Microbial C:N\",\"PLFA\",\"Priming effect\",\"Substrate induced respiration\",\"climate change\",\"plfa\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Global changes may be promoting a rise in select cyanobacteria in nutrient-poor northern lakes\",\"volume\":\"26\",\"copyright\":\"© 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd\",\"issn\":\"1365-2486\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.15189\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/gcb.15189\",\"abstract\":\"The interacting effects of global changes—including increased temperature, altered precipitation, reduced acidification and increased dissolved organic matter loads to lakes—are anticipated to create favourable environmental conditions for cyanobacteria in northern lakes. However, responses of cyanobacteria to these global changes are complex, if not contradictory. We hypothesized that absolute and relative biovolumes of cyanobacteria (both total and specific genera) are increasing in Swedish nutrient-poor lakes and that these increases are associated with global changes. We tested these hypotheses using data from 28 nutrient-poor Swedish lakes over 16 years (1998–2013). Increases in cyanobacteria relative biovolume were identified in 21% of the study sites, primarily in the southeastern region of Sweden, and were composed mostly of increases from three specific genera: Merismopedia, Chroococcus and Dolichospermum. Taxon-specific changes were related to different environmental stressors; that is, increased surface water temperature favoured higher Merismopedia relative biovolume in low pH lakes with high nitrogen to phosphorus ratios, whereas acidification recovery was statistically related to increased relative biovolumes of Chroococcus and Dolichospermum. In addition, enhanced dissolved organic matter loads were identified as potential determinants of Chroococcus suppression and Dolichospermum promotion. Our findings highlight that specific genera of cyanobacteria benefit from different environmental changes. Our ability to predict the risk of cyanobacteria prevalence requires consideration of the environmental condition of a lake and the sensitivities of the cyanobacteria genera within the lake. Regional patterns may emerge due to spatial autocorrelations within and among lake history, rates and direction of environmental change and the niche space occupied by specific cyanobacteria.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"9\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Global Change Biology\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Freeman\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Erika\",\"C.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Creed\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Irena\",\"F.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jones\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Blake\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bergström\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ann-Kristin\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2020\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.15189\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Climate change, Sweden, acidification recovery, browning, climate change, cyanobacteria, northern lakes\",\"pages\":\"4966–4987\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{freeman_global_2020,\\n\\ttitle = {Global changes may be promoting a rise in select cyanobacteria in nutrient-poor northern lakes},\\n\\tvolume = {26},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2020 John Wiley \\\\& Sons Ltd},\\n\\tissn = {1365-2486},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.15189},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/gcb.15189},\\n\\tabstract = {The interacting effects of global changes—including increased temperature, altered precipitation, reduced acidification and increased dissolved organic matter loads to lakes—are anticipated to create favourable environmental conditions for cyanobacteria in northern lakes. However, responses of cyanobacteria to these global changes are complex, if not contradictory. We hypothesized that absolute and relative biovolumes of cyanobacteria (both total and specific genera) are increasing in Swedish nutrient-poor lakes and that these increases are associated with global changes. We tested these hypotheses using data from 28 nutrient-poor Swedish lakes over 16 years (1998–2013). Increases in cyanobacteria relative biovolume were identified in 21\\\\% of the study sites, primarily in the southeastern region of Sweden, and were composed mostly of increases from three specific genera: Merismopedia, Chroococcus and Dolichospermum. Taxon-specific changes were related to different environmental stressors; that is, increased surface water temperature favoured higher Merismopedia relative biovolume in low pH lakes with high nitrogen to phosphorus ratios, whereas acidification recovery was statistically related to increased relative biovolumes of Chroococcus and Dolichospermum. In addition, enhanced dissolved organic matter loads were identified as potential determinants of Chroococcus suppression and Dolichospermum promotion. Our findings highlight that specific genera of cyanobacteria benefit from different environmental changes. Our ability to predict the risk of cyanobacteria prevalence requires consideration of the environmental condition of a lake and the sensitivities of the cyanobacteria genera within the lake. Regional patterns may emerge due to spatial autocorrelations within and among lake history, rates and direction of environmental change and the niche space occupied by specific cyanobacteria.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {9},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Global Change Biology},\\n\\tauthor = {Freeman, Erika C. and Creed, Irena F. and Jones, Blake and Bergström, Ann-Kristin},\\n\\tyear = {2020},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.15189},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Climate change, Sweden, acidification recovery, browning, climate change, cyanobacteria, northern lakes},\\n\\tpages = {4966--4987},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Freeman, E. C.\",\"Creed, I. F.\",\"Jones, B.\",\"Bergström, A.\"],\"key\":\"freeman_global_2020\",\"id\":\"freeman_global_2020\",\"bibbaseid\":\"freeman-creed-jones-bergstrm-globalchangesmaybepromotingariseinselectcyanobacteriainnutrientpoornorthernlakes-2020\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.15189\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Climate change\",\"Sweden\",\"acidification recovery\",\"browning\",\"climate change\",\"cyanobacteria\",\"northern lakes\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Dissolved organic matter regulates nutrient limitation and growth of benthic algae in northern lakes through interacting effects on nutrient and light availability\",\"volume\":\"5\",\"copyright\":\"© 2020 The Authors. Limnology and Oceanography Letters published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography.\",\"issn\":\"2378-2242\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lol2.10166\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/lol2.10166\",\"abstract\":\"Widespread increases in dissolved organic matter (DOM) concentration across northern lakes can alter rates of primary production by increasing nutrient availability and decreasing light availability. These dual effects of DOM generate a unimodal relationship in pelagic primary production and primary producer biomass among lakes over a gradient of DOM concentration. However, the responses of benthic algae to variation in DOM loading are less clear because of their potential to access sediment nutrients. We tested algal production and nutrient limitation along a DOM gradient in northern Sweden. Without added nutrients, benthic algal production showed a unimodal relationship with DOM, similar to reported pelagic responses. Nutrient addition revealed widespread nitrogen limitation, with decreasing severity in lakes with higher DOM. Because the majority of northern Swedish lakes currently fall below the inflection point in this unimodal relationship, moderate increases in DOM have the potential to increase benthic primary production, particularly for epilithic algae.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"6\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Limnology and Oceanography Letters\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Fork\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Megan\",\"L.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Karlsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sponseller\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ryan\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2020\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lol2.10166\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource\",\"pages\":\"417–424\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{fork_dissolved_2020,\\n\\ttitle = {Dissolved organic matter regulates nutrient limitation and growth of benthic algae in northern lakes through interacting effects on nutrient and light availability},\\n\\tvolume = {5},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2020 The Authors. Limnology and Oceanography Letters published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography.},\\n\\tissn = {2378-2242},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lol2.10166},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1002/lol2.10166},\\n\\tabstract = {Widespread increases in dissolved organic matter (DOM) concentration across northern lakes can alter rates of primary production by increasing nutrient availability and decreasing light availability. These dual effects of DOM generate a unimodal relationship in pelagic primary production and primary producer biomass among lakes over a gradient of DOM concentration. However, the responses of benthic algae to variation in DOM loading are less clear because of their potential to access sediment nutrients. We tested algal production and nutrient limitation along a DOM gradient in northern Sweden. Without added nutrients, benthic algal production showed a unimodal relationship with DOM, similar to reported pelagic responses. Nutrient addition revealed widespread nitrogen limitation, with decreasing severity in lakes with higher DOM. Because the majority of northern Swedish lakes currently fall below the inflection point in this unimodal relationship, moderate increases in DOM have the potential to increase benthic primary production, particularly for epilithic algae.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {6},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Limnology and Oceanography Letters},\\n\\tauthor = {Fork, Megan L. and Karlsson, Jan and Sponseller, Ryan A.},\\n\\tyear = {2020},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lol2.10166},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource},\\n\\tpages = {417--424},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Fork, M. L.\",\"Karlsson, J.\",\"Sponseller, R. A.\"],\"key\":\"fork_dissolved_2020\",\"id\":\"fork_dissolved_2020\",\"bibbaseid\":\"fork-karlsson-sponseller-dissolvedorganicmatterregulatesnutrientlimitationandgrowthofbenthicalgaeinnorthernlakesthroughinteractingeffectsonnutrientandlightavailability-2020\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lol2.10166\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Thermal Stability of Goethite-Bound Natural Organic Matter Is Impacted by Carbon Loading\",\"volume\":\"119\",\"issn\":\"1089-5639\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.5b09821\",\"doi\":\"10.1021/acs.jpca.5b09821\",\"abstract\":\"Dissolved natural organic matter (NOM) sorption at mineral surfaces can significantly affect the persistence of organic carbon in soils and sediments. Consequently, determining the mechanisms that stabilize sorbed NOM is crucial for predicting the persistence of carbon in nature. This study determined the effects of loadings and pH on the thermal stability of NOM associated with synthetic goethite (α-FeOOH) particle surfaces, as a proxy for NOM–mineral interactions taking place in nature. NOM thermal stability was investigated using temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) in the 30–700 °C range to collect vibration spectra of thermally decomposing goethite–NOM assemblages, and to concomitantly analyze evolved gases using mass spectrometry. Results showed that NOM thermal stability, indicated by the range of temperatures in which CO2 evolved during thermal decomposition, was greatest in unbound NOM and lowest when NOM was bound to goethite. NOM thermal stability was also loading dependent. It decreased when loadings were in increased the 0.01 to 0.42 mg C m−2 range, where the upper value corresponds to a Langmuirian adsorption maximum. Concomitant Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy measurement showed that these lowered stabilities could be ascribed to direct NOM-goethite interactions that dominated the NOM binding environment. Mineral surface interactions at larger loadings involved, on the contrary, a smaller fraction of the sorbed NOM, thus increasing thermal stability toward that of its unbound counterpart. This study thus identifies a sorption threshold below which NOM sorption to goethite decreases NOM thermal stability, and above which no strong effects are manifested. This should likely influence the fate of organic carbon exposed to thermal gradients in natural environments.\",\"number\":\"51\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"The Journal of Physical Chemistry A\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Feng\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Wenting\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Klaminder\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jonatan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Boily\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jean-François\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"December\",\"year\":\"2015\",\"note\":\"Publisher: American Chemical Society\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource\",\"pages\":\"12790–12796\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{feng_thermal_2015,\\n\\ttitle = {Thermal {Stability} of {Goethite}-{Bound} {Natural} {Organic} {Matter} {Is} {Impacted} by {Carbon} {Loading}},\\n\\tvolume = {119},\\n\\tissn = {1089-5639},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.5b09821},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1021/acs.jpca.5b09821},\\n\\tabstract = {Dissolved natural organic matter (NOM) sorption at mineral surfaces can significantly affect the persistence of organic carbon in soils and sediments. Consequently, determining the mechanisms that stabilize sorbed NOM is crucial for predicting the persistence of carbon in nature. This study determined the effects of loadings and pH on the thermal stability of NOM associated with synthetic goethite (α-FeOOH) particle surfaces, as a proxy for NOM–mineral interactions taking place in nature. NOM thermal stability was investigated using temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) in the 30–700 °C range to collect vibration spectra of thermally decomposing goethite–NOM assemblages, and to concomitantly analyze evolved gases using mass spectrometry. Results showed that NOM thermal stability, indicated by the range of temperatures in which CO2 evolved during thermal decomposition, was greatest in unbound NOM and lowest when NOM was bound to goethite. NOM thermal stability was also loading dependent. It decreased when loadings were in increased the 0.01 to 0.42 mg C m−2 range, where the upper value corresponds to a Langmuirian adsorption maximum. Concomitant Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy measurement showed that these lowered stabilities could be ascribed to direct NOM-goethite interactions that dominated the NOM binding environment. Mineral surface interactions at larger loadings involved, on the contrary, a smaller fraction of the sorbed NOM, thus increasing thermal stability toward that of its unbound counterpart. This study thus identifies a sorption threshold below which NOM sorption to goethite decreases NOM thermal stability, and above which no strong effects are manifested. This should likely influence the fate of organic carbon exposed to thermal gradients in natural environments.},\\n\\tnumber = {51},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {The Journal of Physical Chemistry A},\\n\\tauthor = {Feng, Wenting and Klaminder, Jonatan and Boily, Jean-François},\\n\\tmonth = dec,\\n\\tyear = {2015},\\n\\tnote = {Publisher: American Chemical Society},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource},\\n\\tpages = {12790--12796},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Feng, W.\",\"Klaminder, J.\",\"Boily, J.\"],\"key\":\"feng_thermal_2015\",\"id\":\"feng_thermal_2015\",\"bibbaseid\":\"feng-klaminder-boily-thermalstabilityofgoethiteboundnaturalorganicmatterisimpactedbycarbonloading-2015\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.5b09821\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Relative Importance of Climate, Soil and Plant Functional Traits During the Early Decomposition Stage of Standardized Litter\",\"volume\":\"23\",\"issn\":\"1435-0629\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-019-00452-z\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10021-019-00452-z\",\"abstract\":\"Climatic factors have long been considered predominant in controlling decomposition rates at large spatial scales. However, recent research suggests that edaphic factors and plant functional traits may play a more important role than previously expected. In this study, we investigated how biotic and abiotic factors interacted with litter quality by analyzing decomposition rates for two forms of standardized litter substitutes: green tea (high-quality litter) and red tea (low-quality litter). We placed 1188 teabags at two different positions (forest floor and 8 cm deep) across 99 forest sites in France and measured 46 potential drivers at each site. We found that high-quality litter decomposition was strongly related to climatic factors, whereas low-quality litter decomposition was strongly related to edaphic factors and the identity of the dominant tree species in the stand. This indicates that the relative importance of climate, soil and plant functional traits in the litter decomposition process depends on litter quality, which was the predominant factor controlling decomposition rate in this experiment. We also found that burying litter increased decomposition rates, and that this effect was more important for green tea in drier environments. This suggests that changes in position (surface vs. buried) at the plot scale may be as important as the role of macroclimate on decomposition rates because of varying water availability along the soil profile. Acknowledging that the effect of climate on decomposition depends on litter quality and that the macroclimate is not necessarily the predominant factor at large spatial scales is the first step toward identifying the factors regulating decomposition rates from the local scale to the global scale.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"5\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Ecosystems\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Fanin\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Nicolas\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bezaud\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sophie\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sarneel\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Judith\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Cecchini\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sébastien\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Nicolas\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Manuel\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Augusto\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Laurent\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"August\",\"year\":\"2020\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Carbon turnover, climate, decomposition, nutrient cycling, plant traits, soil depth, soil parent material, soil properties, tea bag index\",\"pages\":\"1004–1018\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{fanin_relative_2020,\\n\\ttitle = {Relative {Importance} of {Climate}, {Soil} and {Plant} {Functional} {Traits} {During} the {Early} {Decomposition} {Stage} of {Standardized} {Litter}},\\n\\tvolume = {23},\\n\\tissn = {1435-0629},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-019-00452-z},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s10021-019-00452-z},\\n\\tabstract = {Climatic factors have long been considered predominant in controlling decomposition rates at large spatial scales. However, recent research suggests that edaphic factors and plant functional traits may play a more important role than previously expected. In this study, we investigated how biotic and abiotic factors interacted with litter quality by analyzing decomposition rates for two forms of standardized litter substitutes: green tea (high-quality litter) and red tea (low-quality litter). We placed 1188 teabags at two different positions (forest floor and 8 cm deep) across 99 forest sites in France and measured 46 potential drivers at each site. We found that high-quality litter decomposition was strongly related to climatic factors, whereas low-quality litter decomposition was strongly related to edaphic factors and the identity of the dominant tree species in the stand. This indicates that the relative importance of climate, soil and plant functional traits in the litter decomposition process depends on litter quality, which was the predominant factor controlling decomposition rate in this experiment. We also found that burying litter increased decomposition rates, and that this effect was more important for green tea in drier environments. This suggests that changes in position (surface vs. buried) at the plot scale may be as important as the role of macroclimate on decomposition rates because of varying water availability along the soil profile. Acknowledging that the effect of climate on decomposition depends on litter quality and that the macroclimate is not necessarily the predominant factor at large spatial scales is the first step toward identifying the factors regulating decomposition rates from the local scale to the global scale.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {5},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Ecosystems},\\n\\tauthor = {Fanin, Nicolas and Bezaud, Sophie and Sarneel, Judith M. and Cecchini, Sébastien and Nicolas, Manuel and Augusto, Laurent},\\n\\tmonth = aug,\\n\\tyear = {2020},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Carbon turnover, climate, decomposition, nutrient cycling, plant traits, soil depth, soil parent material, soil properties, tea bag index},\\n\\tpages = {1004--1018},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Fanin, N.\",\"Bezaud, S.\",\"Sarneel, J. M.\",\"Cecchini, S.\",\"Nicolas, M.\",\"Augusto, L.\"],\"key\":\"fanin_relative_2020\",\"id\":\"fanin_relative_2020\",\"bibbaseid\":\"fanin-bezaud-sarneel-cecchini-nicolas-augusto-relativeimportanceofclimatesoilandplantfunctionaltraitsduringtheearlydecompositionstageofstandardizedlitter-2020\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-019-00452-z\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Carbon turnover\",\"climate\",\"decomposition\",\"nutrient cycling\",\"plant traits\",\"soil depth\",\"soil parent material\",\"soil properties\",\"tea bag index\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Documenting lemming population change in the Arctic: Can we detect trends?\",\"volume\":\"49\",\"issn\":\"1654-7209\",\"shorttitle\":\"Documenting lemming population change in the Arctic\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-019-01198-7\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s13280-019-01198-7\",\"abstract\":\"Lemmings are a key component of tundra food webs and changes in their dynamics can affect the whole ecosystem. We present a comprehensive overview of lemming monitoring and research activities, and assess recent trends in lemming abundance across the circumpolar Arctic. Since 2000, lemmings have been monitored at 49 sites of which 38 are still active. The sites were not evenly distributed with notably Russia and high Arctic Canada underrepresented. Abundance was monitored at all sites, but methods and levels of precision varied greatly. Other important attributes such as health, genetic diversity and potential drivers of population change, were often not monitored. There was no evidence that lemming populations were decreasing in general, although a negative trend was detected for low arctic populations sympatric with voles. To keep the pace of arctic change, we recommend maintaining long-term programmes while harmonizing methods, improving spatial coverage and integrating an ecosystem perspective.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"3\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Ambio\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ehrich\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Dorothée\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Schmidt\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Niels\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Gauthier\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Gilles\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Alisauskas\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ray\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Angerbjörn\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Anders\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Clark\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Karin\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ecke\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Frauke\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Eide\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Nina\",\"E.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Framstad\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Erik\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Frandsen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jay\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Franke\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Alastair\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Gilg\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Olivier\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Giroux\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Marie-Andrée\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Henttonen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Heikki\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hörnfeldt\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Birger\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ims\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Rolf\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kataev\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Gennadiy\",\"D.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kharitonov\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sergey\",\"P.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Killengreen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Siw\",\"T.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Krebs\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Charles\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lanctot\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Richard\",\"B.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lecomte\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Nicolas\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Menyushina\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Irina\",\"E.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Morris\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Douglas\",\"W.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Morrisson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Guy\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Oksanen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Lauri\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Oksanen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Tarja\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Olofsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Johan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Pokrovsky\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ivan\",\"G.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Popov\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Igor\",\"Yu.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Reid\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Donald\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Roth\"],\"firstnames\":[\"James\",\"D.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Saalfeld\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sarah\",\"T.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Samelius\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Gustaf\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sittler\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Benoit\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sleptsov\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sergey\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Smith\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Paul\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sokolov\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Aleksandr\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sokolova\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Natalya\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Soloviev\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Mikhail\",\"Y.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Solovyeva\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Diana\",\"V.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"March\",\"year\":\"2020\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Arctic, Dicrostonyx, Lemmus, Population monitoring, Small rodent, Temporal trends\",\"pages\":\"786–800\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{ehrich_documenting_2020,\\n\\ttitle = {Documenting lemming population change in the {Arctic}: {Can} we detect trends?},\\n\\tvolume = {49},\\n\\tissn = {1654-7209},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Documenting lemming population change in the {Arctic}},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-019-01198-7},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s13280-019-01198-7},\\n\\tabstract = {Lemmings are a key component of tundra food webs and changes in their dynamics can affect the whole ecosystem. We present a comprehensive overview of lemming monitoring and research activities, and assess recent trends in lemming abundance across the circumpolar Arctic. Since 2000, lemmings have been monitored at 49 sites of which 38 are still active. The sites were not evenly distributed with notably Russia and high Arctic Canada underrepresented. Abundance was monitored at all sites, but methods and levels of precision varied greatly. Other important attributes such as health, genetic diversity and potential drivers of population change, were often not monitored. There was no evidence that lemming populations were decreasing in general, although a negative trend was detected for low arctic populations sympatric with voles. To keep the pace of arctic change, we recommend maintaining long-term programmes while harmonizing methods, improving spatial coverage and integrating an ecosystem perspective.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {3},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Ambio},\\n\\tauthor = {Ehrich, Dorothée and Schmidt, Niels M. and Gauthier, Gilles and Alisauskas, Ray and Angerbjörn, Anders and Clark, Karin and Ecke, Frauke and Eide, Nina E. and Framstad, Erik and Frandsen, Jay and Franke, Alastair and Gilg, Olivier and Giroux, Marie-Andrée and Henttonen, Heikki and Hörnfeldt, Birger and Ims, Rolf A. and Kataev, Gennadiy D. and Kharitonov, Sergey P. and Killengreen, Siw T. and Krebs, Charles J. and Lanctot, Richard B. and Lecomte, Nicolas and Menyushina, Irina E. and Morris, Douglas W. and Morrisson, Guy and Oksanen, Lauri and Oksanen, Tarja and Olofsson, Johan and Pokrovsky, Ivan G. and Popov, Igor Yu. and Reid, Donald and Roth, James D. and Saalfeld, Sarah T. and Samelius, Gustaf and Sittler, Benoit and Sleptsov, Sergey M. and Smith, Paul A. and Sokolov, Aleksandr A. and Sokolova, Natalya A. and Soloviev, Mikhail Y. and Solovyeva, Diana V.},\\n\\tmonth = mar,\\n\\tyear = {2020},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Arctic, Dicrostonyx, Lemmus, Population monitoring, Small rodent, Temporal trends},\\n\\tpages = {786--800},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Ehrich, D.\",\"Schmidt, N. M.\",\"Gauthier, G.\",\"Alisauskas, R.\",\"Angerbjörn, A.\",\"Clark, K.\",\"Ecke, F.\",\"Eide, N. E.\",\"Framstad, E.\",\"Frandsen, J.\",\"Franke, A.\",\"Gilg, O.\",\"Giroux, M.\",\"Henttonen, H.\",\"Hörnfeldt, B.\",\"Ims, R. A.\",\"Kataev, G. D.\",\"Kharitonov, S. P.\",\"Killengreen, S. T.\",\"Krebs, C. J.\",\"Lanctot, R. B.\",\"Lecomte, N.\",\"Menyushina, I. E.\",\"Morris, D. W.\",\"Morrisson, G.\",\"Oksanen, L.\",\"Oksanen, T.\",\"Olofsson, J.\",\"Pokrovsky, I. G.\",\"Popov, I. Y.\",\"Reid, D.\",\"Roth, J. D.\",\"Saalfeld, S. T.\",\"Samelius, G.\",\"Sittler, B.\",\"Sleptsov, S. M.\",\"Smith, P. A.\",\"Sokolov, A. A.\",\"Sokolova, N. A.\",\"Soloviev, M. Y.\",\"Solovyeva, D. V.\"],\"key\":\"ehrich_documenting_2020\",\"id\":\"ehrich_documenting_2020\",\"bibbaseid\":\"ehrich-schmidt-gauthier-alisauskas-angerbjrn-clark-ecke-eide-etal-documentinglemmingpopulationchangeinthearcticcanwedetecttrends-2020\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-019-01198-7\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Arctic\",\"Dicrostonyx\",\"Lemmus\",\"Population monitoring\",\"Small rodent\",\"Temporal trends\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Landscape constraints on mire lateral expansion\",\"volume\":\"302\",\"issn\":\"0277-3791\",\"url\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379123000094\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.quascirev.2023.107961\",\"abstract\":\"Little is known about the long-term expansion of mire ecosystems, despite their importance in the global carbon and hydrogeochemical cycles. It has been firmly established that mires do not expand linearly over time. Despite this, mires are often assumed to have expanded at a constant rate after initiation simply for lack of a better understanding. There has not yet been a serious attempt to determine the rate and drivers of mire expansion at the regional, or larger spatial scales. Here we make use of a natural chronosequence, spanning the Holocene, which is provided by the retreating coastline of Northern Sweden. By studying an isostatic rebound area we can infer mire expansion dynamics by looking at the portion of the landscape where mires become progressively scarce as the land becomes younger. Our results confirms that mires expanded non-linearly across the landscape and that their expansion is related to the availability of suitably wet areas, which, in our case, depends primarily on the hydro-edaphic properties of the landscape. Importantly, we found that mires occupied the wettest locations in the landscape within only one to two thousand years, while it took mires three to four thousand years to expand into slightly drier areas. Our results imply that the lateral expansion of mires, and thus peat accumulation is a non-linear process, occurring at different rates depending, above all else, on the wetness of the landscape.\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Quaternary Science Reviews\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ehnvall\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Betty\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ratcliffe\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Joshua\",\"L.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bohlin\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Elisabet\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Nilsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Mats\",\"B.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Öquist\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Mats\",\"G.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sponseller\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ryan\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Grabs\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Thomas\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"February\",\"year\":\"2023\",\"keywords\":\"Boreal zone, Chronosequence, Holocene, Landscape ecology, Landscape wetness, Mire available areas, Mire lateral expansion, Non-linear, Peat accumulation\",\"pages\":\"107961\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{ehnvall_landscape_2023,\\n\\ttitle = {Landscape constraints on mire lateral expansion},\\n\\tvolume = {302},\\n\\tissn = {0277-3791},\\n\\turl = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379123000094},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2023.107961},\\n\\tabstract = {Little is known about the long-term expansion of mire ecosystems, despite their importance in the global carbon and hydrogeochemical cycles. It has been firmly established that mires do not expand linearly over time. Despite this, mires are often assumed to have expanded at a constant rate after initiation simply for lack of a better understanding. There has not yet been a serious attempt to determine the rate and drivers of mire expansion at the regional, or larger spatial scales. Here we make use of a natural chronosequence, spanning the Holocene, which is provided by the retreating coastline of Northern Sweden. By studying an isostatic rebound area we can infer mire expansion dynamics by looking at the portion of the landscape where mires become progressively scarce as the land becomes younger. Our results confirms that mires expanded non-linearly across the landscape and that their expansion is related to the availability of suitably wet areas, which, in our case, depends primarily on the hydro-edaphic properties of the landscape. Importantly, we found that mires occupied the wettest locations in the landscape within only one to two thousand years, while it took mires three to four thousand years to expand into slightly drier areas. Our results imply that the lateral expansion of mires, and thus peat accumulation is a non-linear process, occurring at different rates depending, above all else, on the wetness of the landscape.},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},\\n\\tauthor = {Ehnvall, Betty and Ratcliffe, Joshua L. and Bohlin, Elisabet and Nilsson, Mats B. and Öquist, Mats G. and Sponseller, Ryan A. and Grabs, Thomas},\\n\\tmonth = feb,\\n\\tyear = {2023},\\n\\tkeywords = {Boreal zone, Chronosequence, Holocene, Landscape ecology, Landscape wetness, Mire available areas, Mire lateral expansion, Non-linear, Peat accumulation},\\n\\tpages = {107961},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Ehnvall, B.\",\"Ratcliffe, J. L.\",\"Bohlin, E.\",\"Nilsson, M. B.\",\"Öquist, M. G.\",\"Sponseller, R. A.\",\"Grabs, T.\"],\"key\":\"ehnvall_landscape_2023\",\"id\":\"ehnvall_landscape_2023\",\"bibbaseid\":\"ehnvall-ratcliffe-bohlin-nilsson-quist-sponseller-grabs-landscapeconstraintsonmirelateralexpansion-2023\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379123000094\"},\"keyword\":[\"Boreal zone\",\"Chronosequence\",\"Holocene\",\"Landscape ecology\",\"Landscape wetness\",\"Mire available areas\",\"Mire lateral expansion\",\"Non-linear\",\"Peat accumulation\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Topography and Time Shape Mire Morphometry and Large-Scale Mire Distribution Patterns in the Northern Boreal Landscape\",\"volume\":\"129\",\"copyright\":\"© 2024. The Authors.\",\"issn\":\"2169-9011\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2023JF007324\",\"doi\":\"10.1029/2023JF007324\",\"abstract\":\"Peatlands are major terrestrial soil carbon stores, and open mires in boreal landscapes hold a considerable fraction of the global peat carbon. Despite decades of study, large-scale spatiotemporal analyses of mire arrangement have been scarce, which has limited our ability to scale-up mire properties, such as carbon accumulation to the landscape level. Here, we use a land-uplift mire chronosequence in northern Sweden spanning 9,000 years to quantify controls on mire distribution patterns. Our objectives include assessing changes in the spatial arrangement of mires with land surface age, and understanding modifications by upland hydrotopography. Characterizing over 3,000 mires along a 30 km transect, we found that the time since land emergence from the sea was the dominant control over mire coverage, especially for the establishment of large mire complexes. Mires at the youngest end of the chronosequence were small with heterogenous morphometry (shape, slope, and catchment-to-mire areal ratios), while mires on the oldest surfaces were variable in size, but included larger mires with more complex shapes and smaller catchment-to-mire ratios. In general, complex topography fragmented mires by constraining the lateral expansion, resulting in a greater number of mires, but reduced total mire area regardless of landscape age. Mires in this study area occurred on slopes up to 4%, indicating a hydrological boundary to peatland expansion under local climatic conditions. The consistency in mire responses to spatiotemporal controls illustrates how temporal limitation in peat initiation and accumulation, and topographic constraints to mire expansion together have shaped present day mire distribution patterns.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"2\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ehnvall\"],\"firstnames\":[\"B.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ratcliffe\"],\"firstnames\":[\"J.\",\"L.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Nilsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"M.\",\"B.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Öquist\"],\"firstnames\":[\"M.\",\"G.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sponseller\"],\"firstnames\":[\"R.\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Grabs\"],\"firstnames\":[\"T.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2024\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2023JF007324\",\"keywords\":\"Holocene, boreal, catchment, long-term development, mire morphometry, spatiotemporal drivers\",\"pages\":\"e2023JF007324\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{ehnvall_topography_2024,\\n\\ttitle = {Topography and {Time} {Shape} {Mire} {Morphometry} and {Large}-{Scale} {Mire} {Distribution} {Patterns} in the {Northern} {Boreal} {Landscape}},\\n\\tvolume = {129},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2024. The Authors.},\\n\\tissn = {2169-9011},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2023JF007324},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1029/2023JF007324},\\n\\tabstract = {Peatlands are major terrestrial soil carbon stores, and open mires in boreal landscapes hold a considerable fraction of the global peat carbon. Despite decades of study, large-scale spatiotemporal analyses of mire arrangement have been scarce, which has limited our ability to scale-up mire properties, such as carbon accumulation to the landscape level. Here, we use a land-uplift mire chronosequence in northern Sweden spanning 9,000 years to quantify controls on mire distribution patterns. Our objectives include assessing changes in the spatial arrangement of mires with land surface age, and understanding modifications by upland hydrotopography. Characterizing over 3,000 mires along a 30 km transect, we found that the time since land emergence from the sea was the dominant control over mire coverage, especially for the establishment of large mire complexes. Mires at the youngest end of the chronosequence were small with heterogenous morphometry (shape, slope, and catchment-to-mire areal ratios), while mires on the oldest surfaces were variable in size, but included larger mires with more complex shapes and smaller catchment-to-mire ratios. In general, complex topography fragmented mires by constraining the lateral expansion, resulting in a greater number of mires, but reduced total mire area regardless of landscape age. Mires in this study area occurred on slopes up to 4\\\\%, indicating a hydrological boundary to peatland expansion under local climatic conditions. The consistency in mire responses to spatiotemporal controls illustrates how temporal limitation in peat initiation and accumulation, and topographic constraints to mire expansion together have shaped present day mire distribution patterns.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {2},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface},\\n\\tauthor = {Ehnvall, B. and Ratcliffe, J. L. and Nilsson, M. B. and Öquist, M. G. and Sponseller, R. A. and Grabs, T.},\\n\\tyear = {2024},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2023JF007324},\\n\\tkeywords = {Holocene, boreal, catchment, long-term development, mire morphometry, spatiotemporal drivers},\\n\\tpages = {e2023JF007324},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Ehnvall, B.\",\"Ratcliffe, J. L.\",\"Nilsson, M. B.\",\"Öquist, M. G.\",\"Sponseller, R. A.\",\"Grabs, T.\"],\"key\":\"ehnvall_topography_2024\",\"id\":\"ehnvall_topography_2024\",\"bibbaseid\":\"ehnvall-ratcliffe-nilsson-quist-sponseller-grabs-topographyandtimeshapemiremorphometryandlargescalemiredistributionpatternsinthenorthernboreallandscape-2024\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2023JF007324\"},\"keyword\":[\"Holocene\",\"boreal\",\"catchment\",\"long-term development\",\"mire morphometry\",\"spatiotemporal drivers\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Carbon Dioxide and Methane Dynamics in a Small Boreal Lake During Winter and Spring Melt Events\",\"volume\":\"123\",\"copyright\":\"©2018. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.\",\"issn\":\"2169-8961\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2018JG004622\",\"doi\":\"10.1029/2018JG004622\",\"abstract\":\"In seasonally ice-covered lakes, carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) emission at ice-off can account for a significant fraction of the annual budget. Yet knowledge of the mechanisms controlling below lake-ice carbon (C) dynamics and subsequent CO2 and CH4 emissions at ice-off is limited. To understand the control of below ice C dynamics, and C emissions in spring, we measured spatial variation in CO2, CH4, and dissolved inorganic and organic carbon from ice-on to ice-off, in a small boreal lake during a winter with sporadic melting events. Winter melt events were associated with decreased surface water DOC in the forest-dominated basin and increased surface water CH4 in the mire-dominated basin. At the whole-lake scale, CH4 accumulated below ice throughout the winter, whereas CO2 accumulation was greatest in early winter. Mass-balance estimates suggest that, in addition to the CO2 and CH4 accumulated during winter, external inputs of CO2 and CH4 and internal processing during ice-melt could represent significant sources of C gas emissions during ice-off. Moreover, internal processing of CO2 and CH4 worked in opposition, with production of CO2 and oxidation of CH4 dominating at ice-off. These findings have important implications for how small boreal lakes will respond to warmer winters in the future; increased winter melt events will likely increase external inputs below ice and thus alter the extent and timing of CO2 and CH4 emissions to the atmosphere at ice-off.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"8\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Denfeld\"],\"firstnames\":[\"B.\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Klaus\"],\"firstnames\":[\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Laudon\"],\"firstnames\":[\"H.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sponseller\"],\"firstnames\":[\"R.\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Karlsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2018\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2018JG004622\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, carbon cycle, carbon dioxide, emissions, ice-covered lake, methane, winter limnology\",\"pages\":\"2527–2540\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{denfeld_carbon_2018,\\n\\ttitle = {Carbon {Dioxide} and {Methane} {Dynamics} in a {Small} {Boreal} {Lake} {During} {Winter} and {Spring} {Melt} {Events}},\\n\\tvolume = {123},\\n\\tcopyright = {©2018. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.},\\n\\tissn = {2169-8961},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2018JG004622},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1029/2018JG004622},\\n\\tabstract = {In seasonally ice-covered lakes, carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) emission at ice-off can account for a significant fraction of the annual budget. Yet knowledge of the mechanisms controlling below lake-ice carbon (C) dynamics and subsequent CO2 and CH4 emissions at ice-off is limited. To understand the control of below ice C dynamics, and C emissions in spring, we measured spatial variation in CO2, CH4, and dissolved inorganic and organic carbon from ice-on to ice-off, in a small boreal lake during a winter with sporadic melting events. Winter melt events were associated with decreased surface water DOC in the forest-dominated basin and increased surface water CH4 in the mire-dominated basin. At the whole-lake scale, CH4 accumulated below ice throughout the winter, whereas CO2 accumulation was greatest in early winter. Mass-balance estimates suggest that, in addition to the CO2 and CH4 accumulated during winter, external inputs of CO2 and CH4 and internal processing during ice-melt could represent significant sources of C gas emissions during ice-off. Moreover, internal processing of CO2 and CH4 worked in opposition, with production of CO2 and oxidation of CH4 dominating at ice-off. These findings have important implications for how small boreal lakes will respond to warmer winters in the future; increased winter melt events will likely increase external inputs below ice and thus alter the extent and timing of CO2 and CH4 emissions to the atmosphere at ice-off.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {8},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences},\\n\\tauthor = {Denfeld, B. A. and Klaus, M. and Laudon, H. and Sponseller, R. A. and Karlsson, J.},\\n\\tyear = {2018},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2018JG004622},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, carbon cycle, carbon dioxide, emissions, ice-covered lake, methane, winter limnology},\\n\\tpages = {2527--2540},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Denfeld, B. A.\",\"Klaus, M.\",\"Laudon, H.\",\"Sponseller, R. A.\",\"Karlsson, J.\"],\"key\":\"denfeld_carbon_2018\",\"id\":\"denfeld_carbon_2018\",\"bibbaseid\":\"denfeld-klaus-laudon-sponseller-karlsson-carbondioxideandmethanedynamicsinasmallboreallakeduringwinterandspringmeltevents-2018\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2018JG004622\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"carbon cycle\",\"carbon dioxide\",\"emissions\",\"ice-covered lake\",\"methane\",\"winter limnology\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Food Inequality, Injustice, and Rights\",\"volume\":\"69\",\"issn\":\"0006-3568\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biz002\",\"doi\":\"10.1093/biosci/biz002\",\"abstract\":\"As humanity continues to grow in size, questions related to human rights and the existing unequal distribution of food resources have taken on greater urgency. Is inequality in food access unjust or a regrettable consequence of the geographic distribution of biophysical resources? To what extent are there obligations to redress inequalities in access to food? We draw from a human rights perspective to identify obligations associated with access to food and develop a quantitative framework to evaluate the fulfillment of the human right to food. We discuss the capacity of socioeconomic development to reduce inequalities in per capita food availability with respect to the distribution of biophysical resources among countries. Although, at the country level, international trade shows the capacity to reduce human rights deficits by increasing food availability in countries with limited food production, whether it actually improves the fulfillment of the right to food will depend on within-country inequality.\",\"number\":\"3\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"BioScience\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"D’Odorico\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Paolo\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Carr\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Joel\",\"A\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Davis\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Kyle\",\"F\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Dell’Angelo\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jampel\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Seekell\"],\"firstnames\":[\"David\",\"A\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"March\",\"year\":\"2019\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource\",\"pages\":\"180–190\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{dodorico_food_2019,\\n\\ttitle = {Food {Inequality}, {Injustice}, and {Rights}},\\n\\tvolume = {69},\\n\\tissn = {0006-3568},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biz002},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1093/biosci/biz002},\\n\\tabstract = {As humanity continues to grow in size, questions related to human rights and the existing unequal distribution of food resources have taken on greater urgency. Is inequality in food access unjust or a regrettable consequence of the geographic distribution of biophysical resources? To what extent are there obligations to redress inequalities in access to food? We draw from a human rights perspective to identify obligations associated with access to food and develop a quantitative framework to evaluate the fulfillment of the human right to food. We discuss the capacity of socioeconomic development to reduce inequalities in per capita food availability with respect to the distribution of biophysical resources among countries. Although, at the country level, international trade shows the capacity to reduce human rights deficits by increasing food availability in countries with limited food production, whether it actually improves the fulfillment of the right to food will depend on within-country inequality.},\\n\\tnumber = {3},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {BioScience},\\n\\tauthor = {D’Odorico, Paolo and Carr, Joel A and Davis, Kyle F and Dell’Angelo, Jampel and Seekell, David A},\\n\\tmonth = mar,\\n\\tyear = {2019},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource},\\n\\tpages = {180--190},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"D’Odorico, P.\",\"Carr, J. A\",\"Davis, K. F\",\"Dell’Angelo, J.\",\"Seekell, D. A\"],\"key\":\"dodorico_food_2019\",\"id\":\"dodorico_food_2019\",\"bibbaseid\":\"dodorico-carr-davis-dellangelo-seekell-foodinequalityinjusticeandrights-2019\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biz002\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"The Global Food-Energy-Water Nexus\",\"volume\":\"56\",\"copyright\":\"©2018. The Authors.\",\"issn\":\"1944-9208\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2017RG000591\",\"doi\":\"10.1029/2017RG000591\",\"abstract\":\"Water availability is a major factor constraining humanity's ability to meet the future food and energy needs of a growing and increasingly affluent human population. Water plays an important role in the production of energy, including renewable energy sources and the extraction of unconventional fossil fuels that are expected to become important players in future energy security. The emergent competition for water between the food and energy systems is increasingly recognized in the concept of the “food-energy-water nexus.” The nexus between food and water is made even more complex by the globalization of agriculture and rapid growth in food trade, which results in a massive virtual transfer of water among regions and plays an important role in the food and water security of some regions. This review explores multiple components of the food-energy-water nexus and highlights possible approaches that could be used to meet food and energy security with the limited renewable water resources of the planet. Despite clear tensions inherent in meeting the growing and changing demand for food and energy in the 21st century, the inherent linkages among food, water, and energy systems can offer an opportunity for synergistic strategies aimed at resilient food, water, and energy security, such as the circular economy.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"3\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Reviews of Geophysics\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"D'Odorico\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Paolo\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Davis\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Kyle\",\"Frankel\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Rosa\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Lorenzo\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Carr\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Joel\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Chiarelli\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Davide\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Dell'Angelo\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jampel\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Gephart\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jessica\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"MacDonald\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Graham\",\"K.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Seekell\"],\"firstnames\":[\"David\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Suweis\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Samir\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Rulli\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Maria\",\"Cristina\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2018\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2017RG000591\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Circular Economy, FEW Nexus, Food Security, Food-water nexus, Water Security, Water Sustainability\",\"pages\":\"456–531\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{dodorico_global_2018,\\n\\ttitle = {The {Global} {Food}-{Energy}-{Water} {Nexus}},\\n\\tvolume = {56},\\n\\tcopyright = {©2018. The Authors.},\\n\\tissn = {1944-9208},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2017RG000591},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1029/2017RG000591},\\n\\tabstract = {Water availability is a major factor constraining humanity's ability to meet the future food and energy needs of a growing and increasingly affluent human population. Water plays an important role in the production of energy, including renewable energy sources and the extraction of unconventional fossil fuels that are expected to become important players in future energy security. The emergent competition for water between the food and energy systems is increasingly recognized in the concept of the “food-energy-water nexus.” The nexus between food and water is made even more complex by the globalization of agriculture and rapid growth in food trade, which results in a massive virtual transfer of water among regions and plays an important role in the food and water security of some regions. This review explores multiple components of the food-energy-water nexus and highlights possible approaches that could be used to meet food and energy security with the limited renewable water resources of the planet. Despite clear tensions inherent in meeting the growing and changing demand for food and energy in the 21st century, the inherent linkages among food, water, and energy systems can offer an opportunity for synergistic strategies aimed at resilient food, water, and energy security, such as the circular economy.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {3},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Reviews of Geophysics},\\n\\tauthor = {D'Odorico, Paolo and Davis, Kyle Frankel and Rosa, Lorenzo and Carr, Joel A. and Chiarelli, Davide and Dell'Angelo, Jampel and Gephart, Jessica and MacDonald, Graham K. and Seekell, David A. and Suweis, Samir and Rulli, Maria Cristina},\\n\\tyear = {2018},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2017RG000591},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Circular Economy, FEW Nexus, Food Security, Food-water nexus, Water Security, Water Sustainability},\\n\\tpages = {456--531},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"D'Odorico, P.\",\"Davis, K. F.\",\"Rosa, L.\",\"Carr, J. A.\",\"Chiarelli, D.\",\"Dell'Angelo, J.\",\"Gephart, J.\",\"MacDonald, G. K.\",\"Seekell, D. A.\",\"Suweis, S.\",\"Rulli, M. C.\"],\"key\":\"dodorico_global_2018\",\"id\":\"dodorico_global_2018\",\"bibbaseid\":\"dodorico-davis-rosa-carr-chiarelli-dellangelo-gephart-macdonald-etal-theglobalfoodenergywaternexus-2018\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2017RG000591\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Circular Economy\",\"FEW Nexus\",\"Food Security\",\"Food-water nexus\",\"Water Security\",\"Water Sustainability\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"An Operational Framework for the Advancement of a Molecule-to-Biosphere Stoichiometry Theory\",\"volume\":\"4\",\"issn\":\"2296-7745\",\"url\":\"http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2017.00286/full\",\"doi\":\"10.3389/fmars.2017.00286\",\"abstract\":\"Biological stoichiometry is an approach that focuses on the balance of elements in biological interactions. It is a theory that has the potential to causally link material processes at all biological levels – from molecules to the biosphere. But the lack of a coherent operational framework has so far restricted progress in this direction. Here, we provide a framework to help infer how a stoichiometric imbalance observed at one level impacts all other biological levels. Our framework enables us to high the areas of the theory in need of completion, development and integration at all biological levels. Our hope is that this framework will contribute to the building of a more predictive theory of elemental transfers within the biosphere, and thus, to a better understanding of human-induced perturbations to the global biogeochemical cycles.\",\"language\":\"English\",\"urldate\":\"2017-09-11\",\"journal\":\"Frontiers in Marine Science\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Cherif\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Mehdi\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Faithfull\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Carolyn\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Guo\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Junwen\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Meunier\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Cédric\",\"L.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sitters\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Judith\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Uszko\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Wojciech\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Rivera\",\"Vasconcelos\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Francisco\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2017\",\"note\":\"00000\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Biological stoichiometry, Consumer-driven nutrient recycling, Growth-rate hypothesis, Ligh:nutrient hypothesis, biological organization, ecological theory, theory integration\",\"pages\":\"00286\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{cherif_operational_2017,\\n\\ttitle = {An {Operational} {Framework} for the {Advancement} of a {Molecule}-to-{Biosphere} {Stoichiometry} {Theory}},\\n\\tvolume = {4},\\n\\tissn = {2296-7745},\\n\\turl = {http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2017.00286/full},\\n\\tdoi = {10.3389/fmars.2017.00286},\\n\\tabstract = {Biological stoichiometry is an approach that focuses on the balance of elements in biological interactions. It is a theory that has the potential to causally link material processes at all biological levels – from molecules to the biosphere. But the lack of a coherent operational framework has so far restricted progress in this direction. Here, we provide a framework to help infer how a stoichiometric imbalance observed at one level impacts all other biological levels. Our framework enables us to high the areas of the theory in need of completion, development and integration at all biological levels. Our hope is that this framework will contribute to the building of a more predictive theory of elemental transfers within the biosphere, and thus, to a better understanding of human-induced perturbations to the global biogeochemical cycles.},\\n\\tlanguage = {English},\\n\\turldate = {2017-09-11},\\n\\tjournal = {Frontiers in Marine Science},\\n\\tauthor = {Cherif, Mehdi and Faithfull, Carolyn and Guo, Junwen and Meunier, Cédric L. and Sitters, Judith and Uszko, Wojciech and Rivera Vasconcelos, Francisco},\\n\\tyear = {2017},\\n\\tnote = {00000},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Biological stoichiometry, Consumer-driven nutrient recycling, Growth-rate hypothesis, Ligh:nutrient hypothesis, biological organization, ecological theory, theory integration},\\n\\tpages = {00286},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Cherif, M.\",\"Faithfull, C.\",\"Guo, J.\",\"Meunier, C. L.\",\"Sitters, J.\",\"Uszko, W.\",\"Rivera Vasconcelos, F.\"],\"key\":\"cherif_operational_2017\",\"id\":\"cherif_operational_2017\",\"bibbaseid\":\"cherif-faithfull-guo-meunier-sitters-uszko-riveravasconcelos-anoperationalframeworkfortheadvancementofamoleculetobiospherestoichiometrytheory-2017\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2017.00286/full\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Biological stoichiometry\",\"Consumer-driven nutrient recycling\",\"Growth-rate hypothesis\",\"Ligh:nutrient hypothesis\",\"biological organization\",\"ecological theory\",\"theory integration\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"How does environmental inter-annual variability shape aquatic microbial communities? A 40-year annual record of sedimentary DNA from a boreal lake (Nylandssj&#246;n, Sweden)\",\"volume\":\"7\",\"issn\":\"2296-701X\",\"shorttitle\":\"How does environmental inter-annual variability shape aquatic microbial communities?\",\"url\":\"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2019.00245/abstract\",\"doi\":\"10.3389/fevo.2019.00245\",\"abstract\":\"To assess the sensitivity of lakes to anthropogenically-driven environmental changes (e.g., nutrient supply, climate change), it is necessary to first isolate the effects of between-year variability in weather conditions. This variability can strongly impact a lake’s biological community especially in boreal and arctic areas where snow phenology play an important role in controlling the input of terrestrial matter to the lake. Identifying the importance of this inherent variability is difficult without time series that span at least several decades. Here, we applied a molecular approach (metabarcoding on eukaryotic 18S rRNA genes and qPCR on cyanobacterial 16S rRNA genes) to sedimentary DNA (sed-DNA) to unravel the annual variability of microbial community in 40 years’ sediment record from the boreal lake Nylandssjön which preserve annually-laminated sediments. Our comparison between seasonal meteorological data, sediment inorganic geochemistry (X-ray fluorescence analyses) and organic biomarkers (pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analyses), demonstrated that inter-annual variability strongly influence the sediment composition in Nylandssjön. Spring temperature, snow and ice phenology (e.g. the percentage of snow loss in spring, the timing of lake ice-off) were identified as important drivers for the inputs of terrestrial material to the lake, and were therefore also important for shaping the aquatic biological community. Main changes were detected in the late-80s/mid-90s and mid-2000s associated with increases in algal productivity (see from organic biomarkers), in total richness of the protistan community and in relative abundances of Chlorophyta, Dinophyceae as well as Cyanobacteria abundance. These changes could be linked to a decline in terrestrial inputs to the lake during the snow melt and run-off period, which in turn was driven by warmer winter temperatures. Even if our data shows that meteorological factors do affect the sediment composition, they only explain part of the variability. This is most likely a consequence of the high inter-annual variability in abiotic and biotic parameters highlighting the difficulty to draw firm conclusions concerning drivers of biological changes at an annual or sub-annual resolution even with the 40-year varved sediment record from Nylandssjön. Hence, it is necessary to have an even longer time perspective in order to reveal the full implications of climate change.\",\"language\":\"English\",\"urldate\":\"2019-06-24\",\"journal\":\"Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Capo\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Eric\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Rydberg\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Johan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Tolu\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Julie\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Domaizon\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Isabelle\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Debroas\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Didier\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bindler\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Richard\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bigler\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Christian\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2019\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Inorganic geochemistry, Meteorological data, Varved sediment record, metabarcoding, organic proxies, paleolimnology, sedimentary DNA\",\"pages\":\"00245\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{capo_how_2019,\\n\\ttitle = {How does environmental inter-annual variability shape aquatic microbial communities? {A} 40-year annual record of sedimentary {DNA} from a boreal lake ({Nylandssj}\\\\&\\\\#246;n, {Sweden})},\\n\\tvolume = {7},\\n\\tissn = {2296-701X},\\n\\tshorttitle = {How does environmental inter-annual variability shape aquatic microbial communities?},\\n\\turl = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2019.00245/abstract},\\n\\tdoi = {10.3389/fevo.2019.00245},\\n\\tabstract = {To assess the sensitivity of lakes to anthropogenically-driven environmental changes (e.g., nutrient supply, climate change), it is necessary to first isolate the effects of between-year variability in weather conditions. This variability can strongly impact a lake’s biological community especially in boreal and arctic areas where snow phenology play an important role in controlling the input of terrestrial matter to the lake. Identifying the importance of this inherent variability is difficult without time series that span at least several decades. Here, we applied a molecular approach (metabarcoding on eukaryotic 18S rRNA genes and qPCR on cyanobacterial 16S rRNA genes) to sedimentary DNA (sed-DNA) to unravel the annual variability of microbial community in 40 years’ sediment record from the boreal lake Nylandssjön which preserve annually-laminated sediments. Our comparison between seasonal meteorological data, sediment inorganic geochemistry (X-ray fluorescence analyses) and organic biomarkers (pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analyses), demonstrated that inter-annual variability strongly influence the sediment composition in Nylandssjön. Spring temperature, snow and ice phenology (e.g. the percentage of snow loss in spring, the timing of lake ice-off) were identified as important drivers for the inputs of terrestrial material to the lake, and were therefore also important for shaping the aquatic biological community. Main changes were detected in the late-80s/mid-90s and mid-2000s associated with increases in algal productivity (see from organic biomarkers), in total richness of the protistan community and in relative abundances of Chlorophyta, Dinophyceae as well as Cyanobacteria abundance. These changes could be linked to a decline in terrestrial inputs to the lake during the snow melt and run-off period, which in turn was driven by warmer winter temperatures. Even if our data shows that meteorological factors do affect the sediment composition, they only explain part of the variability. This is most likely a consequence of the high inter-annual variability in abiotic and biotic parameters highlighting the difficulty to draw firm conclusions concerning drivers of biological changes at an annual or sub-annual resolution even with the 40-year varved sediment record from Nylandssjön. Hence, it is necessary to have an even longer time perspective in order to reveal the full implications of climate change.},\\n\\tlanguage = {English},\\n\\turldate = {2019-06-24},\\n\\tjournal = {Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution},\\n\\tauthor = {Capo, Eric and Rydberg, Johan and Tolu, Julie and Domaizon, Isabelle and Debroas, Didier and Bindler, Richard and Bigler, Christian},\\n\\tyear = {2019},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Inorganic geochemistry, Meteorological data, Varved sediment record, metabarcoding, organic proxies, paleolimnology, sedimentary DNA},\\n\\tpages = {00245},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Capo, E.\",\"Rydberg, J.\",\"Tolu, J.\",\"Domaizon, I.\",\"Debroas, D.\",\"Bindler, R.\",\"Bigler, C.\"],\"key\":\"capo_how_2019\",\"id\":\"capo_how_2019\",\"bibbaseid\":\"capo-rydberg-tolu-domaizon-debroas-bindler-bigler-howdoesenvironmentalinterannualvariabilityshapeaquaticmicrobialcommunitiesa40yearannualrecordofsedimentarydnafromaboreallakenylandssj246nsweden-2019\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2019.00245/abstract\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Inorganic geochemistry\",\"Meteorological data\",\"Varved sediment record\",\"metabarcoding\",\"organic proxies\",\"paleolimnology\",\"sedimentary DNA\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Using individual-based trait frequency distributions to forecast plant-pollinator network responses to environmental change\",\"volume\":\"27\",\"copyright\":\"Ecology Letters© 2024 The Authors. Ecology Letters published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.\",\"issn\":\"1461-0248\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/ele.14368\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/ele.14368\",\"abstract\":\"Determining how and why organisms interact is fundamental to understanding ecosystem responses to future environmental change. To assess the impact on plant-pollinator interactions, recent studies have examined how the effects of environmental change on individual interactions accumulate to generate species-level responses. Here, we review recent developments in using plant-pollinator networks of interacting individuals along with their functional traits, where individuals are nested within species nodes. We highlight how these individual-level, trait-based networks connect intraspecific trait variation (as frequency distributions of multiple traits) with dynamic responses within plant-pollinator communities. This approach can better explain interaction plasticity, and changes to interaction probabilities and network structure over spatiotemporal or other environmental gradients. We argue that only through appreciating such trait-based interaction plasticity can we accurately forecast the potential vulnerability of interactions to future environmental change. We follow this with general guidance on how future studies can collect and analyse high-resolution interaction and trait data, with the hope of improving predictions of future plant-pollinator network responses for targeted and effective conservation.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"1\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Ecology Letters\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Cantwell-Jones\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Aoife\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Tylianakis\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jason\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Larson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Keith\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Gill\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Richard\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2024\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/ele.14368\",\"keywords\":\"environmental filtering, functional traits, global change, interactions, intraspecific variation, plasticity\",\"pages\":\"e14368\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{cantwell-jones_using_2024,\\n\\ttitle = {Using individual-based trait frequency distributions to forecast plant-pollinator network responses to environmental change},\\n\\tvolume = {27},\\n\\tcopyright = {Ecology Letters© 2024 The Authors. Ecology Letters published by John Wiley \\\\& Sons Ltd.},\\n\\tissn = {1461-0248},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/ele.14368},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/ele.14368},\\n\\tabstract = {Determining how and why organisms interact is fundamental to understanding ecosystem responses to future environmental change. To assess the impact on plant-pollinator interactions, recent studies have examined how the effects of environmental change on individual interactions accumulate to generate species-level responses. Here, we review recent developments in using plant-pollinator networks of interacting individuals along with their functional traits, where individuals are nested within species nodes. We highlight how these individual-level, trait-based networks connect intraspecific trait variation (as frequency distributions of multiple traits) with dynamic responses within plant-pollinator communities. This approach can better explain interaction plasticity, and changes to interaction probabilities and network structure over spatiotemporal or other environmental gradients. We argue that only through appreciating such trait-based interaction plasticity can we accurately forecast the potential vulnerability of interactions to future environmental change. We follow this with general guidance on how future studies can collect and analyse high-resolution interaction and trait data, with the hope of improving predictions of future plant-pollinator network responses for targeted and effective conservation.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {1},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Ecology Letters},\\n\\tauthor = {Cantwell-Jones, Aoife and Tylianakis, Jason M. and Larson, Keith and Gill, Richard J.},\\n\\tyear = {2024},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/ele.14368},\\n\\tkeywords = {environmental filtering, functional traits, global change, interactions, intraspecific variation, plasticity},\\n\\tpages = {e14368},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Cantwell-Jones, A.\",\"Tylianakis, J. M.\",\"Larson, K.\",\"Gill, R. J.\"],\"key\":\"cantwell-jones_using_2024\",\"id\":\"cantwell-jones_using_2024\",\"bibbaseid\":\"cantwelljones-tylianakis-larson-gill-usingindividualbasedtraitfrequencydistributionstoforecastplantpollinatornetworkresponsestoenvironmentalchange-2024\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/ele.14368\"},\"keyword\":[\"environmental filtering\",\"functional traits\",\"global change\",\"interactions\",\"intraspecific variation\",\"plasticity\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"The size-distribution of Earth’s lakes\",\"volume\":\"6\",\"issn\":\"2045-2322\",\"url\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4937396/\",\"doi\":\"10.1038/srep29633\",\"abstract\":\"Globally, there are millions of small lakes, but a small number of large lakes. Most key ecosystem patterns and processes scale with lake size, thus this asymmetry between area and abundance is a fundamental constraint on broad-scale patterns in lake ecology. Nonetheless, descriptions of lake size-distributions are scarce and empirical distributions are rarely evaluated relative to theoretical predictions. Here we develop expectations for Earth’s lake area-distribution based on percolation theory and evaluate these expectations with data from a global lake census. Lake surface areas ≥8.5 km2 are power-law distributed with a tail exponent (τ = 1.97) and fractal dimension (d = 1.38), similar to theoretical expectations (τ = 2.05; d = 4/3). Lakes \\\\textless8.5 km2 are not power-law distributed. An independently developed regional lake census exhibits a similar transition and consistency with theoretical predictions. Small lakes deviate from the power-law distribution because smaller lakes are more susceptible to dynamical change and topographic behavior at sub-kilometer scales is not self-similar. Our results provide a robust characterization and theoretical explanation for the lake size-abundance relationship, and form a fundamental basis for understanding and predicting patterns in lake ecology at broad scales.\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Scientific Reports\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Cael\"],\"firstnames\":[\"B.\",\"B.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Seekell\"],\"firstnames\":[\"D.\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"July\",\"year\":\"2016\",\"pmid\":\"27388607\",\"pmcid\":\"PMC4937396\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource\",\"pages\":\"29633\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{cael_size-distribution_2016,\\n\\ttitle = {The size-distribution of {Earth}’s lakes},\\n\\tvolume = {6},\\n\\tissn = {2045-2322},\\n\\turl = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4937396/},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1038/srep29633},\\n\\tabstract = {Globally, there are millions of small lakes, but a small number of large lakes. Most key ecosystem patterns and processes scale with lake size, thus this asymmetry between area and abundance is a fundamental constraint on broad-scale patterns in lake ecology. Nonetheless, descriptions of lake size-distributions are scarce and empirical distributions are rarely evaluated relative to theoretical predictions. Here we develop expectations for Earth’s lake area-distribution based on percolation theory and evaluate these expectations with data from a global lake census. Lake surface areas ≥8.5 km2 are power-law distributed with a tail exponent (τ = 1.97) and fractal dimension (d = 1.38), similar to theoretical expectations (τ = 2.05; d = 4/3). Lakes {\\\\textless}8.5 km2 are not power-law distributed. An independently developed regional lake census exhibits a similar transition and consistency with theoretical predictions. Small lakes deviate from the power-law distribution because smaller lakes are more susceptible to dynamical change and topographic behavior at sub-kilometer scales is not self-similar. Our results provide a robust characterization and theoretical explanation for the lake size-abundance relationship, and form a fundamental basis for understanding and predicting patterns in lake ecology at broad scales.},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Scientific Reports},\\n\\tauthor = {Cael, B. B. and Seekell, D. A.},\\n\\tmonth = jul,\\n\\tyear = {2016},\\n\\tpmid = {27388607},\\n\\tpmcid = {PMC4937396},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource},\\n\\tpages = {29633},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Cael, B. B.\",\"Seekell, D. A.\"],\"key\":\"cael_size-distribution_2016\",\"id\":\"cael_size-distribution_2016\",\"bibbaseid\":\"cael-seekell-thesizedistributionofearthslakes-2016\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4937396/\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"The interplay between total mercury, methylmercury and dissolved organic matter in fluvial systems: A latitudinal study across Europe\",\"volume\":\"144\",\"issn\":\"0043-1354\",\"shorttitle\":\"The interplay between total mercury, methylmercury and dissolved organic matter in fluvial systems\",\"url\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0043135418305244\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.watres.2018.06.064\",\"abstract\":\"Large-scale studies are needed to identify the drivers of total mercury (THg) and monomethyl-mercury (MeHg) concentrations in aquatic ecosystems. Studies attempting to link dissolved organic matter (DOM) to levels of THg or MeHg are few and geographically constrained. Additionally, stream and river systems have been understudied as compared to lakes. Hence, the aim of this study was to examine the influence of DOM concentration and composition, morphological descriptors, land uses and water chemistry on THg and MeHg concentrations and the percentage of THg as MeHg (%MeHg) in 29 streams across Europe spanning from 41°N to 64 °N. THg concentrations (0.06–2.78 ng L−1) were highest in streams characterized by DOM with a high terrestrial soil signature and low nutrient content. MeHg concentrations (7.8–159 pg L−1) varied non-systematically across systems. Relationships between DOM bulk characteristics and THg and MeHg suggest that while soil derived DOM inputs control THg concentrations, autochthonous DOM (aquatically produced) and the availability of electron acceptors for Hg methylating microorganisms (e.g. sulfate) drive %MeHg and potentially MeHg concentration. Overall, these results highlight the large spatial variability in THg and MeHg concentrations at the European scale, and underscore the importance of DOM composition on mercury cycling in fluvial systems.\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Water Research\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bravo\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Andrea\",\"G.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kothawala\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Dolly\",\"N.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Attermeyer\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Katrin\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Tessier\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Emmanuel\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bodmer\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Pascal\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ledesma\"],\"firstnames\":[\"José\",\"L.\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Audet\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Joachim\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Casas-Ruiz\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Joan\",\"Pere\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Catalán\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Núria\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Cauvy-Fraunié\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sophie\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Colls\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Miriam\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Deininger\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Anne\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Evtimova\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Vesela\",\"V.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Fonvielle\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jérémy\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Fuß\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Thomas\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Gilbert\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Peter\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Herrero\",\"Ortega\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sonia\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Liu\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Liu\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Mendoza-Lera\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Clara\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Monteiro\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Juliana\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Mor\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jordi-René\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Nagler\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Magdalena\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Niedrist\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Georg\",\"H.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Nydahl\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Anna\",\"C.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Pastor\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ada\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Pegg\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Josephine\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Gutmann\",\"Roberts\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Catherine\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Pilotto\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Francesca\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Portela\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ana\",\"Paula\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"González-Quijano\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Clara\",\"Romero\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Romero\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ferran\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Rulík\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Martin\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Amouroux\"],\"firstnames\":[\"David\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"November\",\"year\":\"2018\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Fluorescence, Mercury, Methylmercury, Organic matter, Rivers, Streams\",\"pages\":\"172–182\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{bravo_interplay_2018,\\n\\ttitle = {The interplay between total mercury, methylmercury and dissolved organic matter in fluvial systems: {A} latitudinal study across {Europe}},\\n\\tvolume = {144},\\n\\tissn = {0043-1354},\\n\\tshorttitle = {The interplay between total mercury, methylmercury and dissolved organic matter in fluvial systems},\\n\\turl = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0043135418305244},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1016/j.watres.2018.06.064},\\n\\tabstract = {Large-scale studies are needed to identify the drivers of total mercury (THg) and monomethyl-mercury (MeHg) concentrations in aquatic ecosystems. Studies attempting to link dissolved organic matter (DOM) to levels of THg or MeHg are few and geographically constrained. Additionally, stream and river systems have been understudied as compared to lakes. Hence, the aim of this study was to examine the influence of DOM concentration and composition, morphological descriptors, land uses and water chemistry on THg and MeHg concentrations and the percentage of THg as MeHg (\\\\%MeHg) in 29 streams across Europe spanning from 41°N to 64 °N. THg concentrations (0.06–2.78 ng L−1) were highest in streams characterized by DOM with a high terrestrial soil signature and low nutrient content. MeHg concentrations (7.8–159 pg L−1) varied non-systematically across systems. Relationships between DOM bulk characteristics and THg and MeHg suggest that while soil derived DOM inputs control THg concentrations, autochthonous DOM (aquatically produced) and the availability of electron acceptors for Hg methylating microorganisms (e.g. sulfate) drive \\\\%MeHg and potentially MeHg concentration. Overall, these results highlight the large spatial variability in THg and MeHg concentrations at the European scale, and underscore the importance of DOM composition on mercury cycling in fluvial systems.},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Water Research},\\n\\tauthor = {Bravo, Andrea G. and Kothawala, Dolly N. and Attermeyer, Katrin and Tessier, Emmanuel and Bodmer, Pascal and Ledesma, José L. J. and Audet, Joachim and Casas-Ruiz, Joan Pere and Catalán, Núria and Cauvy-Fraunié, Sophie and Colls, Miriam and Deininger, Anne and Evtimova, Vesela V. and Fonvielle, Jérémy A. and Fuß, Thomas and Gilbert, Peter and Herrero Ortega, Sonia and Liu, Liu and Mendoza-Lera, Clara and Monteiro, Juliana and Mor, Jordi-René and Nagler, Magdalena and Niedrist, Georg H. and Nydahl, Anna C. and Pastor, Ada and Pegg, Josephine and Gutmann Roberts, Catherine and Pilotto, Francesca and Portela, Ana Paula and González-Quijano, Clara Romero and Romero, Ferran and Rulík, Martin and Amouroux, David},\\n\\tmonth = nov,\\n\\tyear = {2018},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Fluorescence, Mercury, Methylmercury, Organic matter, Rivers, Streams},\\n\\tpages = {172--182},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Bravo, A. G.\",\"Kothawala, D. N.\",\"Attermeyer, K.\",\"Tessier, E.\",\"Bodmer, P.\",\"Ledesma, J. L. J.\",\"Audet, J.\",\"Casas-Ruiz, J. P.\",\"Catalán, N.\",\"Cauvy-Fraunié, S.\",\"Colls, M.\",\"Deininger, A.\",\"Evtimova, V. V.\",\"Fonvielle, J. A.\",\"Fuß, T.\",\"Gilbert, P.\",\"Herrero Ortega, S.\",\"Liu, L.\",\"Mendoza-Lera, C.\",\"Monteiro, J.\",\"Mor, J.\",\"Nagler, M.\",\"Niedrist, G. H.\",\"Nydahl, A. C.\",\"Pastor, A.\",\"Pegg, J.\",\"Gutmann Roberts, C.\",\"Pilotto, F.\",\"Portela, A. P.\",\"González-Quijano, C. R.\",\"Romero, F.\",\"Rulík, M.\",\"Amouroux, D.\"],\"key\":\"bravo_interplay_2018\",\"id\":\"bravo_interplay_2018\",\"bibbaseid\":\"bravo-kothawala-attermeyer-tessier-bodmer-ledesma-audet-casasruiz-etal-theinterplaybetweentotalmercurymethylmercuryanddissolvedorganicmatterinfluvialsystemsalatitudinalstudyacrosseurope-2018\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0043135418305244\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Fluorescence\",\"Mercury\",\"Methylmercury\",\"Organic matter\",\"Rivers\",\"Streams\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Role of climate and herbivory on native and alien conifer seedling recruitment at and above the Fennoscandian tree line\",\"volume\":\"29\",\"copyright\":\"© 2018 International Association for Vegetation Science\",\"issn\":\"1654-1103\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jvs.12637\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/jvs.12637\",\"abstract\":\"Questions We investigated the importance of climate and herbivory on native and alien conifer colonization of the birch-dominated Fennoscandian tree line by addressing the following questions: (a) are tree line and tundra habitats similarly suitable for conifer seedling recruitment; (b) do ungulate and rodent herbivores differentially impact seedling recruitment; and (c) how does the role of habitat and herbivory on seedling recruitment vary across a marked climate gradient? Location Northern Fennoscandia, Sweden (Vassijaure and Paddus), and Norway (Joatka and Seiland). Methods We conducted an experiment to assess the emergence rate, survival probability and height development of Norway spruce (Picea abies), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and Siberian larch (Larix sibirica) seedlings. Three experimental plots (i.e., open control, reindeer exclosure and complete vertebrate exclosure) were established in both tree line and tundra habitats at each of the four locations. Seeds of the three conifer species were sown in each plot in June 1999 during three consecutive years. The surviving seedlings were counted in August to September 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002 and 2007. The height of all seedlings was measured in 2007. Results Our study reveals that Norway spruce, Scots pine and Siberian larch can regenerate from seed at and above the current tree line in northern Fennoscandia. Their performance was generally higher above tree line in tundra than at tree line, but depended on species identity, climate aridity and mammal herbivory, particularly by rodents. These results suggest that the species composition and latitudinal limit of the tree line in the future might depend not only on direct effects of the future climate on the current tree line species, but also on the intensity of alien and native conifer introductions, as well as changes in herbivore populations. Conclusion If sufficient seeds of Norway spruce, Scots pine and Siberian larch should reach the current tree line, their performances will increase with a warmer and wetter climate, and this effect will be markedly modulated by herbivores (particularly rodents). Further work is required to extend these results to determine the ability of these conifers to become tree line-forming species in the future.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"4\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Journal of Vegetation Science\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bognounou\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Fidele\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hulme\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Philip\",\"E.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Oksanen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Lauri\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Suominen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Otso\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Olofsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Johan\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2018\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/jvs.12637\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, biological invasions, conifer, exclosures, lemmings, propagule pressure, reindeer, seedling recruitment, seedling survival, tundra, vole\",\"pages\":\"573–584\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{bognounou_role_2018,\\n\\ttitle = {Role of climate and herbivory on native and alien conifer seedling recruitment at and above the {Fennoscandian} tree line},\\n\\tvolume = {29},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2018 International Association for Vegetation Science},\\n\\tissn = {1654-1103},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jvs.12637},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/jvs.12637},\\n\\tabstract = {Questions We investigated the importance of climate and herbivory on native and alien conifer colonization of the birch-dominated Fennoscandian tree line by addressing the following questions: (a) are tree line and tundra habitats similarly suitable for conifer seedling recruitment; (b) do ungulate and rodent herbivores differentially impact seedling recruitment; and (c) how does the role of habitat and herbivory on seedling recruitment vary across a marked climate gradient? Location Northern Fennoscandia, Sweden (Vassijaure and Paddus), and Norway (Joatka and Seiland). Methods We conducted an experiment to assess the emergence rate, survival probability and height development of Norway spruce (Picea abies), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and Siberian larch (Larix sibirica) seedlings. Three experimental plots (i.e., open control, reindeer exclosure and complete vertebrate exclosure) were established in both tree line and tundra habitats at each of the four locations. Seeds of the three conifer species were sown in each plot in June 1999 during three consecutive years. The surviving seedlings were counted in August to September 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002 and 2007. The height of all seedlings was measured in 2007. Results Our study reveals that Norway spruce, Scots pine and Siberian larch can regenerate from seed at and above the current tree line in northern Fennoscandia. Their performance was generally higher above tree line in tundra than at tree line, but depended on species identity, climate aridity and mammal herbivory, particularly by rodents. These results suggest that the species composition and latitudinal limit of the tree line in the future might depend not only on direct effects of the future climate on the current tree line species, but also on the intensity of alien and native conifer introductions, as well as changes in herbivore populations. Conclusion If sufficient seeds of Norway spruce, Scots pine and Siberian larch should reach the current tree line, their performances will increase with a warmer and wetter climate, and this effect will be markedly modulated by herbivores (particularly rodents). Further work is required to extend these results to determine the ability of these conifers to become tree line-forming species in the future.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {4},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Journal of Vegetation Science},\\n\\tauthor = {Bognounou, Fidele and Hulme, Philip E. and Oksanen, Lauri and Suominen, Otso and Olofsson, Johan},\\n\\tyear = {2018},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/jvs.12637},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, biological invasions, conifer, exclosures, lemmings, propagule pressure, reindeer, seedling recruitment, seedling survival, tundra, vole},\\n\\tpages = {573--584},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Bognounou, F.\",\"Hulme, P. E.\",\"Oksanen, L.\",\"Suominen, O.\",\"Olofsson, J.\"],\"key\":\"bognounou_role_2018\",\"id\":\"bognounou_role_2018\",\"bibbaseid\":\"bognounou-hulme-oksanen-suominen-olofsson-roleofclimateandherbivoryonnativeandalienconiferseedlingrecruitmentatandabovethefennoscandiantreeline-2018\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jvs.12637\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"biological invasions\",\"conifer\",\"exclosures\",\"lemmings\",\"propagule pressure\",\"reindeer\",\"seedling recruitment\",\"seedling survival\",\"tundra\",\"vole\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Patterns of Spring/Summer Open-Water Metabolism Across Boreal Lakes\",\"volume\":\"23\",\"issn\":\"1435-0629\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-020-00487-7\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10021-020-00487-7\",\"abstract\":\"Northern regions host the greatest density of surface water globally, but knowledge of lake metabolism in this vast yet remote landscape is limited. Here, we used an oxygen stable isotope approach to quantify patterns and drivers of surface layer metabolism in lakes throughout an approximately 106 km2 tract of boreal Canada. Ecosystem gross primary production (GPP) and respiration rates (R) were much higher than previously assumed for spring and summer months. Both rates were strongly linked to nitrogen (N) concentrations, not light availability, despite earlier work showing community-level light effects. Net ecosystem production (NEP = GPP − R) was negative for most lakes. Hierarchical modeling revealed that although NEP is strongly stabilized via similar effects of N on both GPP and R, NEP decreases with increasing dissolved organic carbon (DOC). These interactive controls on NEP were not predictable from bivariate regressions linking NEP to physical, chemical or habitat-specific drivers. In contrast to expectations, NEP was higher in warmer waters due to increased temperature dependency of GPP, not R. Temperature and DOC content had opposing effects on NEP in all but the most dystrophic lakes, possibly implying a muted response of metabolic balances to future shifts in both regional climate and OC delivery.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"8\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Ecosystems\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bogard\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Matthew\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"St-Gelais\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Nicolas\",\"F.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Vachon\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Dominic\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[\"del\"],\"lastnames\":[\"Giorgio\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Paul\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"December\",\"year\":\"2020\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Boreal lake, Catchment, Climate, Food web, Landscape, Metabolism, Net ecosystem production, Primary production, Respiration\",\"pages\":\"1581–1597\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{bogard_patterns_2020,\\n\\ttitle = {Patterns of {Spring}/{Summer} {Open}-{Water} {Metabolism} {Across} {Boreal} {Lakes}},\\n\\tvolume = {23},\\n\\tissn = {1435-0629},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-020-00487-7},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s10021-020-00487-7},\\n\\tabstract = {Northern regions host the greatest density of surface water globally, but knowledge of lake metabolism in this vast yet remote landscape is limited. Here, we used an oxygen stable isotope approach to quantify patterns and drivers of surface layer metabolism in lakes throughout an approximately 106 km2 tract of boreal Canada. Ecosystem gross primary production (GPP) and respiration rates (R) were much higher than previously assumed for spring and summer months. Both rates were strongly linked to nitrogen (N) concentrations, not light availability, despite earlier work showing community-level light effects. Net ecosystem production (NEP = GPP − R) was negative for most lakes. Hierarchical modeling revealed that although NEP is strongly stabilized via similar effects of N on both GPP and R, NEP decreases with increasing dissolved organic carbon (DOC). These interactive controls on NEP were not predictable from bivariate regressions linking NEP to physical, chemical or habitat-specific drivers. In contrast to expectations, NEP was higher in warmer waters due to increased temperature dependency of GPP, not R. Temperature and DOC content had opposing effects on NEP in all but the most dystrophic lakes, possibly implying a muted response of metabolic balances to future shifts in both regional climate and OC delivery.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {8},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Ecosystems},\\n\\tauthor = {Bogard, Matthew J. and St-Gelais, Nicolas F. and Vachon, Dominic and del Giorgio, Paul A.},\\n\\tmonth = dec,\\n\\tyear = {2020},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Boreal lake, Catchment, Climate, Food web, Landscape, Metabolism, Net ecosystem production, Primary production, Respiration},\\n\\tpages = {1581--1597},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Bogard, M. J.\",\"St-Gelais, N. F.\",\"Vachon, D.\",\"del Giorgio, P. A.\"],\"key\":\"bogard_patterns_2020\",\"id\":\"bogard_patterns_2020\",\"bibbaseid\":\"bogard-stgelais-vachon-delgiorgio-patternsofspringsummeropenwatermetabolismacrossboreallakes-2020\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-020-00487-7\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Boreal lake\",\"Catchment\",\"Climate\",\"Food web\",\"Landscape\",\"Metabolism\",\"Net ecosystem production\",\"Primary production\",\"Respiration\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"In situ seasonal patterns of root auxin concentrations and meristem length in an arctic sedge\",\"volume\":\"n/a\",\"issn\":\"0028-646X\",\"url\":\"https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/nph.19616\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/nph.19616\",\"abstract\":\"Summary Seasonal dynamics of root growth play an important role in large-scale ecosystem processes; they are largely governed by growth regulatory compounds and influenced by environmental conditions. Yet, our knowledge about physiological drivers of root growth is mostly limited to laboratory-based studies on model plant species. We sampled root tips of Eriophorum vaginatum and analyzed their auxin concentrations and meristem lengths biweekly over a growing season in situ in a subarctic peatland, both in surface soil and at the permafrost thawfront. Auxin concentrations were almost five times higher in surface than in thawfront soils and increased over the season, especially at the thawfront. Surprisingly, meristem length showed an opposite pattern and was almost double in thawfront compared with surface soils. Meristem length increased from peak to late season in the surface soils but decreased at the thawfront. Our study of in situ seasonal dynamics in root physiological parameters illustrates the potential for physiological methods to be applied in ecological studies and emphasizes the importance of in situ measurements. The strong effect of root location and the unexpected opposite patterns of meristem length and auxin concentrations likely show that auxin actively governs root growth to ensure a high potential for nutrient uptake at the thawfront.\",\"number\":\"n/a\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"New Phytologist\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Blume-Werry\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Gesche\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Semenchuk\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Philipp\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ljung\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Karin\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Milbau\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ann\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Novak\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ondrej\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Olofsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Johan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Brunoni\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Federica\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"February\",\"year\":\"2024\",\"note\":\"Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd\",\"keywords\":\"Eriophorum vaginatum, auxin, meristem length, permafrost, root growth, root phenology\",\"pages\":\"19616\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{blume-werry_situ_2024,\\n\\ttitle = {In situ seasonal patterns of root auxin concentrations and meristem length in an arctic sedge},\\n\\tvolume = {n/a},\\n\\tissn = {0028-646X},\\n\\turl = {https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/nph.19616},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/nph.19616},\\n\\tabstract = {Summary Seasonal dynamics of root growth play an important role in large-scale ecosystem processes; they are largely governed by growth regulatory compounds and influenced by environmental conditions. Yet, our knowledge about physiological drivers of root growth is mostly limited to laboratory-based studies on model plant species. We sampled root tips of Eriophorum vaginatum and analyzed their auxin concentrations and meristem lengths biweekly over a growing season in situ in a subarctic peatland, both in surface soil and at the permafrost thawfront. Auxin concentrations were almost five times higher in surface than in thawfront soils and increased over the season, especially at the thawfront. Surprisingly, meristem length showed an opposite pattern and was almost double in thawfront compared with surface soils. Meristem length increased from peak to late season in the surface soils but decreased at the thawfront. Our study of in situ seasonal dynamics in root physiological parameters illustrates the potential for physiological methods to be applied in ecological studies and emphasizes the importance of in situ measurements. The strong effect of root location and the unexpected opposite patterns of meristem length and auxin concentrations likely show that auxin actively governs root growth to ensure a high potential for nutrient uptake at the thawfront.},\\n\\tnumber = {n/a},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {New Phytologist},\\n\\tauthor = {Blume-Werry, Gesche and Semenchuk, Philipp and Ljung, Karin and Milbau, Ann and Novak, Ondrej and Olofsson, Johan and Brunoni, Federica},\\n\\tmonth = feb,\\n\\tyear = {2024},\\n\\tnote = {Publisher: John Wiley \\\\& Sons, Ltd},\\n\\tkeywords = {Eriophorum vaginatum, auxin, meristem length, permafrost, root growth, root phenology},\\n\\tpages = {19616},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Blume-Werry, G.\",\"Semenchuk, P.\",\"Ljung, K.\",\"Milbau, A.\",\"Novak, O.\",\"Olofsson, J.\",\"Brunoni, F.\"],\"key\":\"blume-werry_situ_2024\",\"id\":\"blume-werry_situ_2024\",\"bibbaseid\":\"blumewerry-semenchuk-ljung-milbau-novak-olofsson-brunoni-insituseasonalpatternsofrootauxinconcentrationsandmeristemlengthinanarcticsedge-2024\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/nph.19616\"},\"keyword\":[\"Eriophorum vaginatum\",\"auxin\",\"meristem length\",\"permafrost\",\"root growth\",\"root phenology\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Arctic rooting depth distribution influences modelled carbon emissions but cannot be inferred from aboveground vegetation type\",\"volume\":\"240\",\"copyright\":\"© 2023 The Authors New Phytologist © 2023 New Phytologist Foundation\",\"issn\":\"1469-8137\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/nph.18998\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/nph.18998\",\"abstract\":\"The distribution of roots throughout the soil drives depth-dependent plant–soil interactions and ecosystem processes, particularly in arctic tundra where plant biomass, is predominantly belowground. Vegetation is usually classified from aboveground, but it is unclear whether such classifications are suitable to estimate belowground attributes and their consequences, such as rooting depth distribution and its influence on carbon cycling. We performed a meta-analysis of 55 published arctic rooting depth profiles, testing for differences both between distributions based on aboveground vegetation types (Graminoid, Wetland, Erect-shrub, and Prostrate-shrub tundra) and between ‘Root Profile Types’ for which we defined three representative and contrasting clusters. We further analyzed potential impacts of these different rooting depth distributions on rhizosphere priming-induced carbon losses from tundra soils. Rooting depth distribution hardly differed between aboveground vegetation types but varied between Root Profile Types. Accordingly, modelled priming-induced carbon emissions were similar between aboveground vegetation types when they were applied to the entire tundra, but ranged from 7.2 to 17.6 Pg C cumulative emissions until 2100 between individual Root Profile Types. Variations in rooting depth distribution are important for the circumpolar tundra carbon-climate feedback but can currently not be inferred adequately from aboveground vegetation type classifications.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"2\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"New Phytologist\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Blume-Werry\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Gesche\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Dorrepaal\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ellen\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Keuper\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Frida\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kummu\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Matti\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Wild\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Birgit\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Weedon\"],\"firstnames\":[\"James\",\"T.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2023\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/nph.18998\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, arctic tundra, permafrost, plant–soil interactions, rhizosphere priming effect, root biomass, root vertical distribution strategies, rooting depth\",\"pages\":\"502–514\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{blume-werry_arctic_2023,\\n\\ttitle = {Arctic rooting depth distribution influences modelled carbon emissions but cannot be inferred from aboveground vegetation type},\\n\\tvolume = {240},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2023 The Authors New Phytologist © 2023 New Phytologist Foundation},\\n\\tissn = {1469-8137},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/nph.18998},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/nph.18998},\\n\\tabstract = {The distribution of roots throughout the soil drives depth-dependent plant–soil interactions and ecosystem processes, particularly in arctic tundra where plant biomass, is predominantly belowground. Vegetation is usually classified from aboveground, but it is unclear whether such classifications are suitable to estimate belowground attributes and their consequences, such as rooting depth distribution and its influence on carbon cycling. We performed a meta-analysis of 55 published arctic rooting depth profiles, testing for differences both between distributions based on aboveground vegetation types (Graminoid, Wetland, Erect-shrub, and Prostrate-shrub tundra) and between ‘Root Profile Types’ for which we defined three representative and contrasting clusters. We further analyzed potential impacts of these different rooting depth distributions on rhizosphere priming-induced carbon losses from tundra soils. Rooting depth distribution hardly differed between aboveground vegetation types but varied between Root Profile Types. Accordingly, modelled priming-induced carbon emissions were similar between aboveground vegetation types when they were applied to the entire tundra, but ranged from 7.2 to 17.6 Pg C cumulative emissions until 2100 between individual Root Profile Types. Variations in rooting depth distribution are important for the circumpolar tundra carbon-climate feedback but can currently not be inferred adequately from aboveground vegetation type classifications.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {2},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {New Phytologist},\\n\\tauthor = {Blume-Werry, Gesche and Dorrepaal, Ellen and Keuper, Frida and Kummu, Matti and Wild, Birgit and Weedon, James T.},\\n\\tyear = {2023},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/nph.18998},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, arctic tundra, permafrost, plant–soil interactions, rhizosphere priming effect, root biomass, root vertical distribution strategies, rooting depth},\\n\\tpages = {502--514},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Blume-Werry, G.\",\"Dorrepaal, E.\",\"Keuper, F.\",\"Kummu, M.\",\"Wild, B.\",\"Weedon, J. T.\"],\"key\":\"blume-werry_arctic_2023\",\"id\":\"blume-werry_arctic_2023\",\"bibbaseid\":\"blumewerry-dorrepaal-keuper-kummu-wild-weedon-arcticrootingdepthdistributioninfluencesmodelledcarbonemissionsbutcannotbeinferredfromabovegroundvegetationtype-2023\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/nph.18998\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"arctic tundra\",\"permafrost\",\"plant–soil interactions\",\"rhizosphere priming effect\",\"root biomass\",\"root vertical distribution strategies\",\"rooting depth\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Tundra Trait Team: A database of plant traits spanning the tundra biome\",\"volume\":\"27\",\"copyright\":\"© 2018 The Authors Global Ecology and Biogeography Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd\",\"issn\":\"1466-8238\",\"shorttitle\":\"Tundra Trait Team\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/geb.12821\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/geb.12821\",\"abstract\":\"Motivation The Tundra Trait Team (TTT) database includes field-based measurements of key traits related to plant form and function at multiple sites across the tundra biome. This dataset can be used to address theoretical questions about plant strategy and trade-offs, trait–environment relationships and environmental filtering, and trait variation across spatial scales, to validate satellite data, and to inform Earth system model parameters. Main types of variable contained The database contains 91,970 measurements of 18 plant traits. The most frequently measured traits (\\\\textgreater 1,000 observations each) include plant height, leaf area, specific leaf area, leaf fresh and dry mass, leaf dry matter content, leaf nitrogen, carbon and phosphorus content, leaf C:N and N:P, seed mass, and stem specific density. Spatial location and grain Measurements were collected in tundra habitats in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, including Arctic sites in Alaska, Canada, Greenland, Fennoscandia and Siberia, alpine sites in the European Alps, Colorado Rockies, Caucasus, Ural Mountains, Pyrenees, Australian Alps, and Central Otago Mountains (New Zealand), and sub-Antarctic Marion Island. More than 99% of observations are georeferenced. Time period and grain All data were collected between 1964 and 2018. A small number of sites have repeated trait measurements at two or more time periods. Major taxa and level of measurement Trait measurements were made on 978 terrestrial vascular plant species growing in tundra habitats. Most observations are on individuals (86%), while the remainder represent plot or site means or maximums per species. Software format csv file and GitHub repository with data cleaning scripts in R; contribution to TRY plant trait database (www.try-db.org) to be included in the next version release.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"12\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Global Ecology and Biogeography\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bjorkman\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Anne\",\"D.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Myers-Smith\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Isla\",\"H.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Elmendorf\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sarah\",\"C.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Normand\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Signe\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Thomas\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Haydn\",\"J.\",\"D.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Alatalo\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Juha\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Alexander\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Heather\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Anadon-Rosell\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Alba\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Angers-Blondin\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sandra\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bai\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Yang\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Baruah\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Gaurav\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[\"te\"],\"lastnames\":[\"Beest\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Mariska\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Berner\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Logan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Björk\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Robert\",\"G.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Blok\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Daan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bruelheide\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Helge\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Buchwal\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Agata\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Buras\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Allan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Carbognani\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Michele\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Christie\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Katherine\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Collier\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Laura\",\"S.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Cooper\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Elisabeth\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Cornelissen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"J.\",\"Hans\",\"C.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Dickinson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Katharine\",\"J.\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Dullinger\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Stefan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Elberling\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Bo\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Eskelinen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Anu\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Forbes\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Bruce\",\"C.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Frei\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Esther\",\"R.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Iturrate-Garcia\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Maitane\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Good\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Megan\",\"K.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Grau\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Oriol\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Green\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Peter\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Greve\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Michelle\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Grogan\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Paul\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Haider\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sylvia\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hájek\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Tomáš\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hallinger\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Martin\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Happonen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Konsta\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Harper\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Karen\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Heijmans\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Monique\",\"M.\",\"P.\",\"D.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Henry\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Gregory\",\"H.\",\"R.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hermanutz\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Luise\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hewitt\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Rebecca\",\"E.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hollister\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Robert\",\"D.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hudson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"James\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hülber\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Karl\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Iversen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Colleen\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jaroszynska\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Francesca\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jiménez-Alfaro\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Borja\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Johnstone\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jill\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jorgensen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Rasmus\",\"Halfdan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kaarlejärvi\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Elina\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Klady\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Rebecca\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Klimešová\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jitka\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Korsten\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Annika\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kuleza\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sara\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kulonen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Aino\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lamarque\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Laurent\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lantz\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Trevor\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lavalle\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Amanda\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lembrechts\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jonas\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lévesque\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Esther\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Little\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Chelsea\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Luoto\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Miska\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Macek\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Petr\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Mack\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Michelle\",\"C.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Mathakutha\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Rabia\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Michelsen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Anders\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Milbau\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ann\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Molau\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ulf\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Morgan\"],\"firstnames\":[\"John\",\"W.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Mörsdorf\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Martin\",\"Alfons\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Nabe-Nielsen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jacob\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Nielsen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sigrid\",\"Schøler\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ninot\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Josep\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Oberbauer\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Steven\",\"F.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Olofsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Johan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Onipchenko\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Vladimir\",\"G.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Petraglia\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Alessandro\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Pickering\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Catherine\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Prevéy\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Janet\",\"S.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Rixen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Christian\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Rumpf\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sabine\",\"B.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Schaepman-Strub\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Gabriela\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Semenchuk\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Philipp\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Shetti\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Rohan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Soudzilovskaia\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Nadejda\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Spasojevic\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Marko\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Speed\"],\"firstnames\":[\"James\",\"David\",\"Mervyn\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Street\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Lorna\",\"E.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Suding\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Katharine\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Tape\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ken\",\"D.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Tomaselli\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Marcello\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Trant\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Andrew\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Treier\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Urs\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Tremblay\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jean-Pierre\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Tremblay\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Maxime\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Venn\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Susanna\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Virkkala\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Anna-Maria\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Vowles\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Tage\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Weijers\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Stef\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Wilmking\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Martin\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Wipf\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sonja\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Zamin\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Tara\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2018\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/geb.12821\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Arctic, alpine, plant functional traits, tundra\",\"pages\":\"1402–1411\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{bjorkman_tundra_2018,\\n\\ttitle = {Tundra {Trait} {Team}: {A} database of plant traits spanning the tundra biome},\\n\\tvolume = {27},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2018 The Authors Global Ecology and Biogeography Published by John Wiley \\\\& Sons Ltd},\\n\\tissn = {1466-8238},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Tundra {Trait} {Team}},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/geb.12821},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/geb.12821},\\n\\tabstract = {Motivation The Tundra Trait Team (TTT) database includes field-based measurements of key traits related to plant form and function at multiple sites across the tundra biome. This dataset can be used to address theoretical questions about plant strategy and trade-offs, trait–environment relationships and environmental filtering, and trait variation across spatial scales, to validate satellite data, and to inform Earth system model parameters. Main types of variable contained The database contains 91,970 measurements of 18 plant traits. The most frequently measured traits ({\\\\textgreater} 1,000 observations each) include plant height, leaf area, specific leaf area, leaf fresh and dry mass, leaf dry matter content, leaf nitrogen, carbon and phosphorus content, leaf C:N and N:P, seed mass, and stem specific density. Spatial location and grain Measurements were collected in tundra habitats in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, including Arctic sites in Alaska, Canada, Greenland, Fennoscandia and Siberia, alpine sites in the European Alps, Colorado Rockies, Caucasus, Ural Mountains, Pyrenees, Australian Alps, and Central Otago Mountains (New Zealand), and sub-Antarctic Marion Island. More than 99\\\\% of observations are georeferenced. Time period and grain All data were collected between 1964 and 2018. A small number of sites have repeated trait measurements at two or more time periods. Major taxa and level of measurement Trait measurements were made on 978 terrestrial vascular plant species growing in tundra habitats. Most observations are on individuals (86\\\\%), while the remainder represent plot or site means or maximums per species. Software format csv file and GitHub repository with data cleaning scripts in R; contribution to TRY plant trait database (www.try-db.org) to be included in the next version release.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {12},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Global Ecology and Biogeography},\\n\\tauthor = {Bjorkman, Anne D. and Myers-Smith, Isla H. and Elmendorf, Sarah C. and Normand, Signe and Thomas, Haydn J. D. and Alatalo, Juha M. and Alexander, Heather and Anadon-Rosell, Alba and Angers-Blondin, Sandra and Bai, Yang and Baruah, Gaurav and te Beest, Mariska and Berner, Logan and Björk, Robert G. and Blok, Daan and Bruelheide, Helge and Buchwal, Agata and Buras, Allan and Carbognani, Michele and Christie, Katherine and Collier, Laura S. and Cooper, Elisabeth J. and Cornelissen, J. Hans C. and Dickinson, Katharine J. M. and Dullinger, Stefan and Elberling, Bo and Eskelinen, Anu and Forbes, Bruce C. and Frei, Esther R. and Iturrate-Garcia, Maitane and Good, Megan K. and Grau, Oriol and Green, Peter and Greve, Michelle and Grogan, Paul and Haider, Sylvia and Hájek, Tomáš and Hallinger, Martin and Happonen, Konsta and Harper, Karen A. and Heijmans, Monique M. P. D. and Henry, Gregory H. R. and Hermanutz, Luise and Hewitt, Rebecca E. and Hollister, Robert D. and Hudson, James and Hülber, Karl and Iversen, Colleen M. and Jaroszynska, Francesca and Jiménez-Alfaro, Borja and Johnstone, Jill and Jorgensen, Rasmus Halfdan and Kaarlejärvi, Elina and Klady, Rebecca and Klimešová, Jitka and Korsten, Annika and Kuleza, Sara and Kulonen, Aino and Lamarque, Laurent J. and Lantz, Trevor and Lavalle, Amanda and Lembrechts, Jonas J. and Lévesque, Esther and Little, Chelsea J. and Luoto, Miska and Macek, Petr and Mack, Michelle C. and Mathakutha, Rabia and Michelsen, Anders and Milbau, Ann and Molau, Ulf and Morgan, John W. and Mörsdorf, Martin Alfons and Nabe-Nielsen, Jacob and Nielsen, Sigrid Schøler and Ninot, Josep M. and Oberbauer, Steven F. and Olofsson, Johan and Onipchenko, Vladimir G. and Petraglia, Alessandro and Pickering, Catherine and Prevéy, Janet S. and Rixen, Christian and Rumpf, Sabine B. and Schaepman-Strub, Gabriela and Semenchuk, Philipp and Shetti, Rohan and Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A. and Spasojevic, Marko J. and Speed, James David Mervyn and Street, Lorna E. and Suding, Katharine and Tape, Ken D. and Tomaselli, Marcello and Trant, Andrew and Treier, Urs A. and Tremblay, Jean-Pierre and Tremblay, Maxime and Venn, Susanna and Virkkala, Anna-Maria and Vowles, Tage and Weijers, Stef and Wilmking, Martin and Wipf, Sonja and Zamin, Tara},\\n\\tyear = {2018},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/geb.12821},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Arctic, alpine, plant functional traits, tundra},\\n\\tpages = {1402--1411},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Bjorkman, A. D.\",\"Myers-Smith, I. H.\",\"Elmendorf, S. C.\",\"Normand, S.\",\"Thomas, H. J. D.\",\"Alatalo, J. M.\",\"Alexander, H.\",\"Anadon-Rosell, A.\",\"Angers-Blondin, S.\",\"Bai, Y.\",\"Baruah, G.\",\"te Beest, M.\",\"Berner, L.\",\"Björk, R. G.\",\"Blok, D.\",\"Bruelheide, H.\",\"Buchwal, A.\",\"Buras, A.\",\"Carbognani, M.\",\"Christie, K.\",\"Collier, L. S.\",\"Cooper, E. J.\",\"Cornelissen, J. H. C.\",\"Dickinson, K. J. M.\",\"Dullinger, S.\",\"Elberling, B.\",\"Eskelinen, A.\",\"Forbes, B. C.\",\"Frei, E. R.\",\"Iturrate-Garcia, M.\",\"Good, M. K.\",\"Grau, O.\",\"Green, P.\",\"Greve, M.\",\"Grogan, P.\",\"Haider, S.\",\"Hájek, T.\",\"Hallinger, M.\",\"Happonen, K.\",\"Harper, K. A.\",\"Heijmans, M. M. P. D.\",\"Henry, G. H. R.\",\"Hermanutz, L.\",\"Hewitt, R. E.\",\"Hollister, R. D.\",\"Hudson, J.\",\"Hülber, K.\",\"Iversen, C. M.\",\"Jaroszynska, F.\",\"Jiménez-Alfaro, B.\",\"Johnstone, J.\",\"Jorgensen, R. H.\",\"Kaarlejärvi, E.\",\"Klady, R.\",\"Klimešová, J.\",\"Korsten, A.\",\"Kuleza, S.\",\"Kulonen, A.\",\"Lamarque, L. J.\",\"Lantz, T.\",\"Lavalle, A.\",\"Lembrechts, J. J.\",\"Lévesque, E.\",\"Little, C. J.\",\"Luoto, M.\",\"Macek, P.\",\"Mack, M. C.\",\"Mathakutha, R.\",\"Michelsen, A.\",\"Milbau, A.\",\"Molau, U.\",\"Morgan, J. W.\",\"Mörsdorf, M. A.\",\"Nabe-Nielsen, J.\",\"Nielsen, S. S.\",\"Ninot, J. M.\",\"Oberbauer, S. F.\",\"Olofsson, J.\",\"Onipchenko, V. G.\",\"Petraglia, A.\",\"Pickering, C.\",\"Prevéy, J. S.\",\"Rixen, C.\",\"Rumpf, S. B.\",\"Schaepman-Strub, G.\",\"Semenchuk, P.\",\"Shetti, R.\",\"Soudzilovskaia, N. A.\",\"Spasojevic, M. J.\",\"Speed, J. D. M.\",\"Street, L. E.\",\"Suding, K.\",\"Tape, K. D.\",\"Tomaselli, M.\",\"Trant, A.\",\"Treier, U. A.\",\"Tremblay, J.\",\"Tremblay, M.\",\"Venn, S.\",\"Virkkala, A.\",\"Vowles, T.\",\"Weijers, S.\",\"Wilmking, M.\",\"Wipf, S.\",\"Zamin, T.\"],\"key\":\"bjorkman_tundra_2018\",\"id\":\"bjorkman_tundra_2018\",\"bibbaseid\":\"bjorkman-myerssmith-elmendorf-normand-thomas-alatalo-alexander-anadonrosell-etal-tundratraitteamadatabaseofplanttraitsspanningthetundrabiome-2018\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/geb.12821\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Arctic\",\"alpine\",\"plant functional traits\",\"tundra\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Light and nutrient control phytoplankton biomass responses to global change in northern lakes\",\"volume\":\"25\",\"copyright\":\"© 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd\",\"issn\":\"1365-2486\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.14623\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/gcb.14623\",\"abstract\":\"Global change affects terrestrial loadings of colored dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nutrients to northern lakes. Still, little is known about how phytoplankton respond to changes in light and nutrient availability across gradients in lake DOC. In this study, we used results from whole-lake studies in northern Sweden to show that annual mean phytoplankton biomass expressed unimodal curved relationships across lake DOC gradients, peaking at threshold DOC levels of around 11 mg/L. Whole-lake single nutrient enrichment in selected lakes caused elevated biomass, with most pronounced effect at the threshold DOC level. These patterns give support to the suggested dual control by DOC on phytoplankton via nutrient (positively) and light (negatively) availability and imply that the lakes' location along the DOC axis is critical in determining to what extent phytoplankton respond to changes in DOC and/or nutrient loadings. By using data from the large Swedish Lake Monitoring Survey, we further estimated that 80% of northern Swedish lakes are below the DOC threshold, potentially experiencing increased phytoplankton biomass with browning alone, and/or combined with nutrient enrichment. The results support the previous model results on effects of browning and eutrophication on lake phytoplankton, and provide important understanding of how northern lakes may respond to future global changes.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"6\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Global Change Biology\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bergström\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ann-Kristin\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Karlsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jan\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2019\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.14623\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Dissolved organic carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Phytoplankton, Whole-lake nutrient enrichment experiments, dissolved organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, phytoplankton, whole-lake nutrient enrichment experiments\",\"pages\":\"2021–2029\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{bergstrom_light_2019,\\n\\ttitle = {Light and nutrient control phytoplankton biomass responses to global change in northern lakes},\\n\\tvolume = {25},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2019 John Wiley \\\\& Sons Ltd},\\n\\tissn = {1365-2486},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.14623},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/gcb.14623},\\n\\tabstract = {Global change affects terrestrial loadings of colored dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nutrients to northern lakes. Still, little is known about how phytoplankton respond to changes in light and nutrient availability across gradients in lake DOC. In this study, we used results from whole-lake studies in northern Sweden to show that annual mean phytoplankton biomass expressed unimodal curved relationships across lake DOC gradients, peaking at threshold DOC levels of around 11 mg/L. Whole-lake single nutrient enrichment in selected lakes caused elevated biomass, with most pronounced effect at the threshold DOC level. These patterns give support to the suggested dual control by DOC on phytoplankton via nutrient (positively) and light (negatively) availability and imply that the lakes' location along the DOC axis is critical in determining to what extent phytoplankton respond to changes in DOC and/or nutrient loadings. By using data from the large Swedish Lake Monitoring Survey, we further estimated that 80\\\\% of northern Swedish lakes are below the DOC threshold, potentially experiencing increased phytoplankton biomass with browning alone, and/or combined with nutrient enrichment. The results support the previous model results on effects of browning and eutrophication on lake phytoplankton, and provide important understanding of how northern lakes may respond to future global changes.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {6},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Global Change Biology},\\n\\tauthor = {Bergström, Ann-Kristin and Karlsson, Jan},\\n\\tyear = {2019},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.14623},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Dissolved organic carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Phytoplankton, Whole-lake nutrient enrichment experiments, dissolved organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, phytoplankton, whole-lake nutrient enrichment experiments},\\n\\tpages = {2021--2029},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Bergström, A.\",\"Karlsson, J.\"],\"key\":\"bergstrom_light_2019\",\"id\":\"bergstrom_light_2019\",\"bibbaseid\":\"bergstrm-karlsson-lightandnutrientcontrolphytoplanktonbiomassresponsestoglobalchangeinnorthernlakes-2019\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.14623\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Dissolved organic carbon\",\"Nitrogen\",\"Phosphorus\",\"Phytoplankton\",\"Whole-lake nutrient enrichment experiments\",\"dissolved organic carbon\",\"nitrogen\",\"phosphorus\",\"phytoplankton\",\"whole-lake nutrient enrichment experiments\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Declining calcium concentration drives shifts toward smaller and less nutritious zooplankton in northern lakes\",\"volume\":\"30\",\"copyright\":\"© 2024 The Authors. Global Change Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.\",\"issn\":\"1365-2486\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.17220\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/gcb.17220\",\"abstract\":\"Zooplankton community composition of northern lakes is changing due to the interactive effects of climate change and recovery from acidification, yet limited data are available to assess these changes combined. Here, we built a database using archives of temperature, water chemistry and zooplankton data from 60 Scandinavian lakes that represent broad spatial and temporal gradients in key parameters: temperature, calcium (Ca), total phosphorus (TP), total organic carbon (TOC), and pH. Using machine learning techniques, we found that Ca was the most important determinant of the relative abundance of all zooplankton groups studied, while pH was second, and TOC third in importance. Further, we found that Ca is declining in almost all lakes, and we detected a critical Ca threshold in lake water of 1.3 mg L−1, below which the relative abundance of zooplankton shifts toward dominance of Holopedium gibberum and small cladocerans at the expense of Daphnia and copepods. Our findings suggest that low Ca concentrations may shape zooplankton communities, and that current trajectories of Ca decline could promote widespread changes in pelagic food webs as zooplankton are important trophic links from phytoplankton to fish and different zooplankton species play different roles in this context.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"3\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Global Change Biology\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bergström\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ann-Kristin\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Creed\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Irena\",\"F.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Paltsev\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Aleksey\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[\"de\"],\"lastnames\":[\"Wit\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Heleen\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lau\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Danny\",\"C.\",\"P.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Drakare\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Stina\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Vrede\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Tobias\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Isles\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Peter\",\"D.\",\"F.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jonsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Anders\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Geibrink\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Erik\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kortelainen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Pirkko\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Vuorenmaa\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jussi\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Vuorio\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Kristiina\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kahilainen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Kimmo\",\"K.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hessen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Dag\",\"Olav\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2024\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.17220\",\"keywords\":\"Daphnia, Holopedium, calanoids, calcium, cladocerans, cyclopoids, lakes, phosphorus, temperature, zooplankton community composition\",\"pages\":\"e17220\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{bergstrom_declining_2024,\\n\\ttitle = {Declining calcium concentration drives shifts toward smaller and less nutritious zooplankton in northern lakes},\\n\\tvolume = {30},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2024 The Authors. Global Change Biology published by John Wiley \\\\& Sons Ltd.},\\n\\tissn = {1365-2486},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.17220},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/gcb.17220},\\n\\tabstract = {Zooplankton community composition of northern lakes is changing due to the interactive effects of climate change and recovery from acidification, yet limited data are available to assess these changes combined. Here, we built a database using archives of temperature, water chemistry and zooplankton data from 60 Scandinavian lakes that represent broad spatial and temporal gradients in key parameters: temperature, calcium (Ca), total phosphorus (TP), total organic carbon (TOC), and pH. Using machine learning techniques, we found that Ca was the most important determinant of the relative abundance of all zooplankton groups studied, while pH was second, and TOC third in importance. Further, we found that Ca is declining in almost all lakes, and we detected a critical Ca threshold in lake water of 1.3 mg L−1, below which the relative abundance of zooplankton shifts toward dominance of Holopedium gibberum and small cladocerans at the expense of Daphnia and copepods. Our findings suggest that low Ca concentrations may shape zooplankton communities, and that current trajectories of Ca decline could promote widespread changes in pelagic food webs as zooplankton are important trophic links from phytoplankton to fish and different zooplankton species play different roles in this context.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {3},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Global Change Biology},\\n\\tauthor = {Bergström, Ann-Kristin and Creed, Irena F. and Paltsev, Aleksey and de Wit, Heleen A. and Lau, Danny C. P. and Drakare, Stina and Vrede, Tobias and Isles, Peter D. F. and Jonsson, Anders and Geibrink, Erik and Kortelainen, Pirkko and Vuorenmaa, Jussi and Vuorio, Kristiina and Kahilainen, Kimmo K. and Hessen, Dag Olav},\\n\\tyear = {2024},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.17220},\\n\\tkeywords = {Daphnia, Holopedium, calanoids, calcium, cladocerans, cyclopoids, lakes, phosphorus, temperature, zooplankton community composition},\\n\\tpages = {e17220},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Bergström, A.\",\"Creed, I. F.\",\"Paltsev, A.\",\"de Wit, H. A.\",\"Lau, D. C. P.\",\"Drakare, S.\",\"Vrede, T.\",\"Isles, P. D. F.\",\"Jonsson, A.\",\"Geibrink, E.\",\"Kortelainen, P.\",\"Vuorenmaa, J.\",\"Vuorio, K.\",\"Kahilainen, K. K.\",\"Hessen, D. O.\"],\"key\":\"bergstrom_declining_2024\",\"id\":\"bergstrom_declining_2024\",\"bibbaseid\":\"bergstrm-creed-paltsev-dewit-lau-drakare-vrede-isles-etal-decliningcalciumconcentrationdrivesshiftstowardsmallerandlessnutritiouszooplanktoninnorthernlakes-2024\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.17220\"},\"keyword\":[\"Daphnia\",\"Holopedium\",\"calanoids\",\"calcium\",\"cladocerans\",\"cyclopoids\",\"lakes\",\"phosphorus\",\"temperature\",\"zooplankton community composition\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Effects of nitrogen enrichment on zooplankton biomass and N:P recycling ratios across a DOC gradient in northern-latitude lakes\",\"volume\":\"848\",\"issn\":\"1573-5117\",\"shorttitle\":\"Effects of nitrogen enrichment on zooplankton biomass and N\",\"url\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-021-04689-5\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10750-021-04689-5\",\"abstract\":\"We used data from whole-lake studies to assess how changes in food quantity (phytoplankton biomass) and quality (phytoplankton community composition, seston C:P and N:P) with N fertilization affect zooplankton biomass, community composition and C:N:P stoichiometry, and their N:P recycling ratio along a gradient in lake DOC concentrations. We found that despite major differences in phytoplankton biomass with DOC (unimodal distributions, especially with N fertilization), no major differences in zooplankton biomass were detectable. Instead, phytoplankton to zooplankton biomass ratios were high, especially at intermediate DOC and after N fertilization, implying low trophic transfer efficiencies. An explanation for the observed low phytoplankton resource use, and biomass responses in zooplankton, was dominance of colony forming chlorophytes of reduced edibility at intermediate lake DOC, combined with reduced phytoplankton mineral quality (enhanced seston N:P) with N fertilization. N fertilization, however, increased zooplankton N:P recycling ratios, with largest impact at low DOC where phytoplankton benefitted from light sufficiently to cause enhanced seston N:P. Our results suggest that although N enrichment and increased phytoplankton biomass do not necessarily increase zooplankton biomass, bottom-up effects may still impact zooplankton and their N:P recycling ratio through promotion of phytoplankton species of low edibility and altered mineral quality.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"21\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Hydrobiologia\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bergström\"],\"firstnames\":[\"A.-K.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Deininger\"],\"firstnames\":[\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jonsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Karlsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Vrede\"],\"firstnames\":[\"T.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"December\",\"year\":\"2021\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Dissolved organic carbon, Food quantity-quality, Light, Nitrogen, Pelagic food web, Phosphorus\",\"pages\":\"4991–5010\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{bergstrom_effects_2021,\\n\\ttitle = {Effects of nitrogen enrichment on zooplankton biomass and {N}:{P} recycling ratios across a {DOC} gradient in northern-latitude lakes},\\n\\tvolume = {848},\\n\\tissn = {1573-5117},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Effects of nitrogen enrichment on zooplankton biomass and {N}},\\n\\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-021-04689-5},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s10750-021-04689-5},\\n\\tabstract = {We used data from whole-lake studies to assess how changes in food quantity (phytoplankton biomass) and quality (phytoplankton community composition, seston C:P and N:P) with N fertilization affect zooplankton biomass, community composition and C:N:P stoichiometry, and their N:P recycling ratio along a gradient in lake DOC concentrations. We found that despite major differences in phytoplankton biomass with DOC (unimodal distributions, especially with N fertilization), no major differences in zooplankton biomass were detectable. Instead, phytoplankton to zooplankton biomass ratios were high, especially at intermediate DOC and after N fertilization, implying low trophic transfer efficiencies. An explanation for the observed low phytoplankton resource use, and biomass responses in zooplankton, was dominance of colony forming chlorophytes of reduced edibility at intermediate lake DOC, combined with reduced phytoplankton mineral quality (enhanced seston N:P) with N fertilization. N fertilization, however, increased zooplankton N:P recycling ratios, with largest impact at low DOC where phytoplankton benefitted from light sufficiently to cause enhanced seston N:P. Our results suggest that although N enrichment and increased phytoplankton biomass do not necessarily increase zooplankton biomass, bottom-up effects may still impact zooplankton and their N:P recycling ratio through promotion of phytoplankton species of low edibility and altered mineral quality.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {21},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Hydrobiologia},\\n\\tauthor = {Bergström, A.-K. and Deininger, A. and Jonsson, A. and Karlsson, J. and Vrede, T.},\\n\\tmonth = dec,\\n\\tyear = {2021},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Dissolved organic carbon, Food quantity-quality, Light, Nitrogen, Pelagic food web, Phosphorus},\\n\\tpages = {4991--5010},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Bergström, A.\",\"Deininger, A.\",\"Jonsson, A.\",\"Karlsson, J.\",\"Vrede, T.\"],\"key\":\"bergstrom_effects_2021\",\"id\":\"bergstrom_effects_2021\",\"bibbaseid\":\"bergstrm-deininger-jonsson-karlsson-vrede-effectsofnitrogenenrichmentonzooplanktonbiomassandnprecyclingratiosacrossadocgradientinnorthernlatitudelakes-2021\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-021-04689-5\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Dissolved organic carbon\",\"Food quantity-quality\",\"Light\",\"Nitrogen\",\"Pelagic food web\",\"Phosphorus\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Defoliation of a grass is mediated by the positive effect of dung deposition, moss removal and enhanced soil nutrient contents: results from a reindeer grazing simulation experiment\",\"volume\":\"128\",\"copyright\":\"© 2019 The Authors. Oikos © 2019 Nordic Society Oikos\",\"issn\":\"1600-0706\",\"shorttitle\":\"Defoliation of a grass is mediated by the positive effect of dung deposition, moss removal and enhanced soil nutrient contents\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/oik.06310\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/oik.06310\",\"abstract\":\"Herbivory is one of the key drivers shaping plant community dynamics. Herbivores can strongly influence plant productivity directly through defoliation and the return of nutrients in the form of dung and urine, but also indirectly by reducing the abundance of neighbouring plants and inducing changes in soil processes. However, the relative importance of these processes is poorly understood. We, therefore, established a common garden experiment to study plant responses to defoliation, dung addition, moss cover, and the soil legacy of reindeer grazing. We used an arctic tundra grazed by reindeer as our study system, and Festuca ovina, a common grazing-tolerant grass species as the model species. The soil legacy of reindeer grazing had the strongest effect on plants, and resulted in higher growth in soils originating from previously heavily-grazed sites. Defoliation also had a strong effect and reduced shoot and root growth and nutrient uptake. Plants did not fully compensate for the tissue lost due to defoliation, even when nutrient availability was high. In contrast, defoliation enhanced plant nitrogen concentrations. Dung addition increased plant production, nitrogen concentrations and nutrient uptake, although the effect was fairly small. Mosses also had a positive effect on aboveground plant production as long as the plants were not defoliated. The presence of a thick moss layer reduced plant growth following defoliation. This study demonstrates that grasses, even though they suffer from defoliation, can tolerate high densities of herbivores when all aspects of herbivores on ecosystems are taken into account. Our results further show that the positive effect of herbivores on plant growth via changes in soil properties is essential for plants to cope with a high grazing pressure. The strong effect of the soil legacy of reindeer grazing reveals that herbivores can have long-lasting effects on plant productivity and ecosystem functioning after grazing has ceased.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"10\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Oikos\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Barthelemy\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Hélène\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Dorrepaal\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ellen\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Olofsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Johan\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2019\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/oik.06310\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, Arctic tundra, Festuca ovina, plant compensatory growth, plant nitrogen content, reindeer grazing, soil legacy\",\"pages\":\"1515–1524\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{barthelemy_defoliation_2019,\\n\\ttitle = {Defoliation of a grass is mediated by the positive effect of dung deposition, moss removal and enhanced soil nutrient contents: results from a reindeer grazing simulation experiment},\\n\\tvolume = {128},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2019 The Authors. Oikos © 2019 Nordic Society Oikos},\\n\\tissn = {1600-0706},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Defoliation of a grass is mediated by the positive effect of dung deposition, moss removal and enhanced soil nutrient contents},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/oik.06310},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/oik.06310},\\n\\tabstract = {Herbivory is one of the key drivers shaping plant community dynamics. Herbivores can strongly influence plant productivity directly through defoliation and the return of nutrients in the form of dung and urine, but also indirectly by reducing the abundance of neighbouring plants and inducing changes in soil processes. However, the relative importance of these processes is poorly understood. We, therefore, established a common garden experiment to study plant responses to defoliation, dung addition, moss cover, and the soil legacy of reindeer grazing. We used an arctic tundra grazed by reindeer as our study system, and Festuca ovina, a common grazing-tolerant grass species as the model species. The soil legacy of reindeer grazing had the strongest effect on plants, and resulted in higher growth in soils originating from previously heavily-grazed sites. Defoliation also had a strong effect and reduced shoot and root growth and nutrient uptake. Plants did not fully compensate for the tissue lost due to defoliation, even when nutrient availability was high. In contrast, defoliation enhanced plant nitrogen concentrations. Dung addition increased plant production, nitrogen concentrations and nutrient uptake, although the effect was fairly small. Mosses also had a positive effect on aboveground plant production as long as the plants were not defoliated. The presence of a thick moss layer reduced plant growth following defoliation. This study demonstrates that grasses, even though they suffer from defoliation, can tolerate high densities of herbivores when all aspects of herbivores on ecosystems are taken into account. Our results further show that the positive effect of herbivores on plant growth via changes in soil properties is essential for plants to cope with a high grazing pressure. The strong effect of the soil legacy of reindeer grazing reveals that herbivores can have long-lasting effects on plant productivity and ecosystem functioning after grazing has ceased.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {10},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Oikos},\\n\\tauthor = {Barthelemy, Hélène and Dorrepaal, Ellen and Olofsson, Johan},\\n\\tyear = {2019},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/oik.06310},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, Arctic tundra, Festuca ovina, plant compensatory growth, plant nitrogen content, reindeer grazing, soil legacy},\\n\\tpages = {1515--1524},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Barthelemy, H.\",\"Dorrepaal, E.\",\"Olofsson, J.\"],\"key\":\"barthelemy_defoliation_2019\",\"id\":\"barthelemy_defoliation_2019\",\"bibbaseid\":\"barthelemy-dorrepaal-olofsson-defoliationofagrassismediatedbythepositiveeffectofdungdepositionmossremovalandenhancedsoilnutrientcontentsresultsfromareindeergrazingsimulationexperiment-2019\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/oik.06310\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"Arctic tundra\",\"Festuca ovina\",\"plant compensatory growth\",\"plant nitrogen content\",\"reindeer grazing\",\"soil legacy\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Trapped between drowning and desiccation: Riverine plants under hydropeaking\",\"volume\":\"829\",\"issn\":\"0048-9697\",\"shorttitle\":\"Trapped between drowning and desiccation\",\"url\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969722015443\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154451\",\"abstract\":\"Hydropeaking is part of hydropower production. The discontinuous release of turbined water during hydropeaking generates sudden rise and falls of the water levels, as well as extended droughts. These artificial flow fluctuations impose challenging growing conditions for riverine vegetation. In order to identify vulnerable/resistant plant species to hydropeaking and to evaluate the impact of contrasting hydropeaking scenarios (simplified (i.e., sudden deep floods, frequent soil saturation and drought) and real-life, power plant-induced scenarios), we measured germination, survival, and morphological and physiological attributes of a selection of 14 plant species commonly found along riparian areas. Species were subject to different hydropeaking scenarios during three months (vegetative period) in the field and in a greenhouse. Half of the species performed worse under hydropeaking in comparison to the control (e.g., less germination and biomass, lower growth rates, reduced stem and root length, physiological stress) but none of the tested hydropeaking scenarios was clearly more disruptive than others. Betula pubescens, Alnus incana and Filipendula ulmifolia showed the largest vulnerability to hydropeaking, while other species (e.g., Carex acuta) were resistant to it. Both in the field and in the greenhouse, plants in perturbed scenarios accumulated more 13C than in the control scenario indicating limited capacity to perform 13C isotope discrimination and evidencing plant physiological stress. The highest 13C abundances were found under drought or flooding conditions in the greenhouse, and under the highest hydropeaking intensities in the field (e.g., Betula pubescens). Our results suggest that any hydropeaking scheme can be equally detrimental in terms of plant performance. Hydropeaking schemes that combine periods of severe drought with long and frequent flooding episodes may create a hostile environment for riverine species. Further research on “hydropeaking-tolerant” plant traits is key to draw the boundaries beyond which riverine species can germinate, grow and complete their life cycle under hydropeaking.\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Science of The Total Environment\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Baladrón\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Alejandro\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bejarano\"],\"firstnames\":[\"María\",\"Dolores\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sarneel\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Judith\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Boavida\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Isabel\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"July\",\"year\":\"2022\",\"keywords\":\"Drought, Flooding, Hydropeaking, Plant morphology, Riverine vegetation, Stoichiometry\",\"pages\":\"154451\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{baladron_trapped_2022,\\n\\ttitle = {Trapped between drowning and desiccation: {Riverine} plants under hydropeaking},\\n\\tvolume = {829},\\n\\tissn = {0048-9697},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Trapped between drowning and desiccation},\\n\\turl = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969722015443},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154451},\\n\\tabstract = {Hydropeaking is part of hydropower production. The discontinuous release of turbined water during hydropeaking generates sudden rise and falls of the water levels, as well as extended droughts. These artificial flow fluctuations impose challenging growing conditions for riverine vegetation. In order to identify vulnerable/resistant plant species to hydropeaking and to evaluate the impact of contrasting hydropeaking scenarios (simplified (i.e., sudden deep floods, frequent soil saturation and drought) and real-life, power plant-induced scenarios), we measured germination, survival, and morphological and physiological attributes of a selection of 14 plant species commonly found along riparian areas. Species were subject to different hydropeaking scenarios during three months (vegetative period) in the field and in a greenhouse. Half of the species performed worse under hydropeaking in comparison to the control (e.g., less germination and biomass, lower growth rates, reduced stem and root length, physiological stress) but none of the tested hydropeaking scenarios was clearly more disruptive than others. Betula pubescens, Alnus incana and Filipendula ulmifolia showed the largest vulnerability to hydropeaking, while other species (e.g., Carex acuta) were resistant to it. Both in the field and in the greenhouse, plants in perturbed scenarios accumulated more 13C than in the control scenario indicating limited capacity to perform 13C isotope discrimination and evidencing plant physiological stress. The highest 13C abundances were found under drought or flooding conditions in the greenhouse, and under the highest hydropeaking intensities in the field (e.g., Betula pubescens). Our results suggest that any hydropeaking scheme can be equally detrimental in terms of plant performance. Hydropeaking schemes that combine periods of severe drought with long and frequent flooding episodes may create a hostile environment for riverine species. Further research on “hydropeaking-tolerant” plant traits is key to draw the boundaries beyond which riverine species can germinate, grow and complete their life cycle under hydropeaking.},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Science of The Total Environment},\\n\\tauthor = {Baladrón, Alejandro and Bejarano, María Dolores and Sarneel, Judith M. and Boavida, Isabel},\\n\\tmonth = jul,\\n\\tyear = {2022},\\n\\tkeywords = {Drought, Flooding, Hydropeaking, Plant morphology, Riverine vegetation, Stoichiometry},\\n\\tpages = {154451},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Baladrón, A.\",\"Bejarano, M. D.\",\"Sarneel, J. M.\",\"Boavida, I.\"],\"key\":\"baladron_trapped_2022\",\"id\":\"baladron_trapped_2022\",\"bibbaseid\":\"baladrn-bejarano-sarneel-boavida-trappedbetweendrowninganddesiccationriverineplantsunderhydropeaking-2022\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969722015443\"},\"keyword\":[\"Drought\",\"Flooding\",\"Hydropeaking\",\"Plant morphology\",\"Riverine vegetation\",\"Stoichiometry\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"High Grazing Pressure of Geese Threatens Conservation and Restoration of Reed Belts\",\"volume\":\"9\",\"issn\":\"1664-462X\",\"url\":\"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2018.01649/full\",\"doi\":\"10.3389/fpls.2018.01649\",\"abstract\":\"Reed (Phragmites australis Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.) beds are important habitat for marsh birds, but are declining throughout Europe. Increasing numbers of the native marsh bird, the Greylag goose (\\\\textlessitalic\\\\textgreaterAnser anser\\\\textless/italic\\\\textgreater L.), are hypothesized to cause reed bed decline and inhibit restoration of reed beds, but data are largely lacking. In this study, we experimentally tested the effect of grazing by Greylag geese on the growth and expansion of reed growing in belts along lake shorelines. After 5 years of protecting reed from grazing with exclosures, reed stems were over 4-fold denser and taller than in the grazed plots. Grazing pressure was intense with 50–100% of the stems being grazed among years in the control plots open to grazing. After 5 years of protection we opened half of the exclosures and the geese immediately grazed almost 100% of the reed stems. Whereas this did not affect the reed stem density, the stem height was strongly reduced and similar to permanently grazed reed. The next year geese were actively chased away by management from mid-March to mid-June, which changed the maximum amount of geese from over 2300 to less than 50. As a result, reed stem density and height increased and the reed belt had recovered over the full 6 m length of the experimental plots. Lastly, we introduced reed plants in an adjacent lake where no reed was growing and geese did visit this area. After two years, the density of the planted reed was six to nine-fold higher and significantly taller in exclosures compared to control plots where geese had access to the reed plants. We conclude that there is a conservation dilemma regarding how to preserve and restore reed belts in the presence of high densities of Greylag geese as conservation of both reed belts and high goose numbers seems infeasible. We suggest that there are three possible solutions for this dilemma: (1) effects of the geese can be mediated by goose population management, (2) the robustness of the reed marshes can be increased, and (3) at the landscape level, spatial planning can be used to configure landscapes with large reed bed reserves surrounded by unmown, unfertilized meadows.\",\"language\":\"English\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Frontiers in Plant Science\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bakker\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Elisabeth\",\"S.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Veen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ciska\",\"G.\",\"F.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ter\",\"Heerdt\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Gerard\",\"J.\",\"N.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Huig\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Naomi\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sarneel\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Judith\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"November\",\"year\":\"2018\",\"note\":\"Publisher: Frontiers\",\"keywords\":\"Anser anser, Aquatic plant, Exclosure, Herbivory, Landscape configuration, Phragmites australis, restoration, wetland\",\"pages\":\"1649\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{bakker_high_2018,\\n\\ttitle = {High {Grazing} {Pressure} of {Geese} {Threatens} {Conservation} and {Restoration} of {Reed} {Belts}},\\n\\tvolume = {9},\\n\\tissn = {1664-462X},\\n\\turl = {https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2018.01649/full},\\n\\tdoi = {10.3389/fpls.2018.01649},\\n\\tabstract = {Reed (Phragmites australis Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.) beds are important habitat for marsh birds, but are declining throughout Europe. Increasing numbers of the native marsh bird, the Greylag goose ({\\\\textless}italic{\\\\textgreater}Anser anser{\\\\textless}/italic{\\\\textgreater} L.), are hypothesized to cause reed bed decline and inhibit restoration of reed beds, but data are largely lacking. In this study, we experimentally tested the effect of grazing by Greylag geese on the growth and expansion of reed growing in belts along lake shorelines. After 5 years of protecting reed from grazing with exclosures, reed stems were over 4-fold denser and taller than in the grazed plots. Grazing pressure was intense with 50–100\\\\% of the stems being grazed among years in the control plots open to grazing. After 5 years of protection we opened half of the exclosures and the geese immediately grazed almost 100\\\\% of the reed stems. Whereas this did not affect the reed stem density, the stem height was strongly reduced and similar to permanently grazed reed. The next year geese were actively chased away by management from mid-March to mid-June, which changed the maximum amount of geese from over 2300 to less than 50. As a result, reed stem density and height increased and the reed belt had recovered over the full 6 m length of the experimental plots. Lastly, we introduced reed plants in an adjacent lake where no reed was growing and geese did visit this area. After two years, the density of the planted reed was six to nine-fold higher and significantly taller in exclosures compared to control plots where geese had access to the reed plants. We conclude that there is a conservation dilemma regarding how to preserve and restore reed belts in the presence of high densities of Greylag geese as conservation of both reed belts and high goose numbers seems infeasible. We suggest that there are three possible solutions for this dilemma: (1) effects of the geese can be mediated by goose population management, (2) the robustness of the reed marshes can be increased, and (3) at the landscape level, spatial planning can be used to configure landscapes with large reed bed reserves surrounded by unmown, unfertilized meadows.},\\n\\tlanguage = {English},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Frontiers in Plant Science},\\n\\tauthor = {Bakker, Elisabeth S. and Veen, Ciska G. F. and Ter Heerdt, Gerard J. N. and Huig, Naomi and Sarneel, Judith M.},\\n\\tmonth = nov,\\n\\tyear = {2018},\\n\\tnote = {Publisher: Frontiers},\\n\\tkeywords = {Anser anser, Aquatic plant, Exclosure, Herbivory, Landscape configuration, Phragmites australis, restoration, wetland},\\n\\tpages = {1649},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Bakker, E. S.\",\"Veen, C. G. F.\",\"Ter Heerdt, G. J. N.\",\"Huig, N.\",\"Sarneel, J. M.\"],\"key\":\"bakker_high_2018\",\"id\":\"bakker_high_2018\",\"bibbaseid\":\"bakker-veen-terheerdt-huig-sarneel-highgrazingpressureofgeesethreatensconservationandrestorationofreedbelts-2018\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2018.01649/full\"},\"keyword\":[\"Anser anser\",\"Aquatic plant\",\"Exclosure\",\"Herbivory\",\"Landscape configuration\",\"Phragmites australis\",\"restoration\",\"wetland\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Lags in the response of mountain plant communities to climate change\",\"volume\":\"24\",\"copyright\":\"© 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd\",\"issn\":\"1365-2486\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.13976\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/gcb.13976\",\"abstract\":\"Rapid climatic changes and increasing human influence at high elevations around the world will have profound impacts on mountain biodiversity. However, forecasts from statistical models (e.g. species distribution models) rarely consider that plant community changes could substantially lag behind climatic changes, hindering our ability to make temporally realistic projections for the coming century. Indeed, the magnitudes of lags, and the relative importance of the different factors giving rise to them, remain poorly understood. We review evidence for three types of lag: “dispersal lags” affecting plant species’ spread along elevational gradients, “establishment lags” following their arrival in recipient communities, and “extinction lags” of resident species. Variation in lags is explained by variation among species in physiological and demographic responses, by effects of altered biotic interactions, and by aspects of the physical environment. Of these, altered biotic interactions could contribute substantially to establishment and extinction lags, yet impacts of biotic interactions on range dynamics are poorly understood. We develop a mechanistic community model to illustrate how species turnover in future communities might lag behind simple expectations based on species’ range shifts with unlimited dispersal. The model shows a combined contribution of altered biotic interactions and dispersal lags to plant community turnover along an elevational gradient following climate warming. Our review and simulation support the view that accounting for disequilibrium range dynamics will be essential for realistic forecasts of patterns of biodiversity under climate change, with implications for the conservation of mountain species and the ecosystem functions they provide.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"2\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Global Change Biology\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Alexander\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jake\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Chalmandrier\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Loïc\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lenoir\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jonathan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Burgess\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Treena\",\"I.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Essl\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Franz\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Haider\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sylvia\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kueffer\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Christoph\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"McDougall\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Keith\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Milbau\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ann\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Nuñez\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Martin\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Pauchard\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Aníbal\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Rabitsch\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Wolfgang\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Rew\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Lisa\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sanders\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Nathan\",\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Pellissier\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Loïc\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2018\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.13976\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, alpine ecosystems, biotic interactions, climate change, climatic debt, migration, novel interactions, range dynamics, range expansion\",\"pages\":\"563–579\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{alexander_lags_2018,\\n\\ttitle = {Lags in the response of mountain plant communities to climate change},\\n\\tvolume = {24},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2017 John Wiley \\\\& Sons Ltd},\\n\\tissn = {1365-2486},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.13976},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/gcb.13976},\\n\\tabstract = {Rapid climatic changes and increasing human influence at high elevations around the world will have profound impacts on mountain biodiversity. However, forecasts from statistical models (e.g. species distribution models) rarely consider that plant community changes could substantially lag behind climatic changes, hindering our ability to make temporally realistic projections for the coming century. Indeed, the magnitudes of lags, and the relative importance of the different factors giving rise to them, remain poorly understood. We review evidence for three types of lag: “dispersal lags” affecting plant species’ spread along elevational gradients, “establishment lags” following their arrival in recipient communities, and “extinction lags” of resident species. Variation in lags is explained by variation among species in physiological and demographic responses, by effects of altered biotic interactions, and by aspects of the physical environment. Of these, altered biotic interactions could contribute substantially to establishment and extinction lags, yet impacts of biotic interactions on range dynamics are poorly understood. We develop a mechanistic community model to illustrate how species turnover in future communities might lag behind simple expectations based on species’ range shifts with unlimited dispersal. The model shows a combined contribution of altered biotic interactions and dispersal lags to plant community turnover along an elevational gradient following climate warming. Our review and simulation support the view that accounting for disequilibrium range dynamics will be essential for realistic forecasts of patterns of biodiversity under climate change, with implications for the conservation of mountain species and the ecosystem functions they provide.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {2},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Global Change Biology},\\n\\tauthor = {Alexander, Jake M. and Chalmandrier, Loïc and Lenoir, Jonathan and Burgess, Treena I. and Essl, Franz and Haider, Sylvia and Kueffer, Christoph and McDougall, Keith and Milbau, Ann and Nuñez, Martin A. and Pauchard, Aníbal and Rabitsch, Wolfgang and Rew, Lisa J. and Sanders, Nathan J. and Pellissier, Loïc},\\n\\tyear = {2018},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.13976},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, alpine ecosystems, biotic interactions, climate change, climatic debt, migration, novel interactions, range dynamics, range expansion},\\n\\tpages = {563--579},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Alexander, J. M.\",\"Chalmandrier, L.\",\"Lenoir, J.\",\"Burgess, T. I.\",\"Essl, F.\",\"Haider, S.\",\"Kueffer, C.\",\"McDougall, K.\",\"Milbau, A.\",\"Nuñez, M. A.\",\"Pauchard, A.\",\"Rabitsch, W.\",\"Rew, L. J.\",\"Sanders, N. J.\",\"Pellissier, L.\"],\"key\":\"alexander_lags_2018\",\"id\":\"alexander_lags_2018\",\"bibbaseid\":\"alexander-chalmandrier-lenoir-burgess-essl-haider-kueffer-mcdougall-etal-lagsintheresponseofmountainplantcommunitiestoclimatechange-2018\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.13976\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"alpine ecosystems\",\"biotic interactions\",\"climate change\",\"climatic debt\",\"migration\",\"novel interactions\",\"range dynamics\",\"range expansion\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Permafrost and lakes control river isotope composition across a boreal Arctic transect in the Western Siberian lowlands\",\"volume\":\"13\",\"issn\":\"1748-9326\",\"url\":\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aaa4fe\",\"doi\":\"10.1088/1748-9326/aaa4fe\",\"abstract\":\"The Western Siberian Lowlands (WSL) store large quantities of organic carbon that will be exposed and mobilized by the thawing of permafrost. The fate of mobilized carbon, however, is not well understood, partly because of inadequate knowledge of hydrological controls in the region which has a vast low-relief surface area, extensive lake and wetland coverage and gradually increasing permafrost influence. We used stable water isotopes to improve our understanding of dominant landscape controls on the hydrology of the WSL. We sampled rivers along a 1700 km South–North transect from permafrost-free to continuous permafrost repeatedly over three years, and derived isotope proxies for catchment hydrological responsiveness and connectivity. We found correlations between the isotope proxies and catchment characteristics, suggesting that lakes and wetlands are intimately connected to rivers, and that permafrost increases the responsiveness of the catchment to rainfall and snowmelt events, reducing catchment mean transit times. Our work provides rare isotope-based field evidence that permafrost and lakes/wetlands influence hydrological pathways across a wide range of spatial scales (10–105 km2) and permafrost coverage (0%–70%). This has important implications, because both permafrost extent and lake/wetland coverage are affected by permafrost thaw in the changing climate. Changes in these hydrological landscape controls are likely to alter carbon export and emission via inland waters, which may be of global significance.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"3\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Environmental Research Letters\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ala-aho\"],\"firstnames\":[\"P.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Soulsby\"],\"firstnames\":[\"C.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Pokrovsky\"],\"firstnames\":[\"O.\",\"S.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kirpotin\"],\"firstnames\":[\"S.\",\"N.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Karlsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Serikova\"],\"firstnames\":[\"S.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Manasypov\"],\"firstnames\":[\"R.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Lim\"],\"firstnames\":[\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Krickov\"],\"firstnames\":[\"I.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kolesnichenko\"],\"firstnames\":[\"L.\",\"G.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Laudon\"],\"firstnames\":[\"H.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Tetzlaff\"],\"firstnames\":[\"D.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"February\",\"year\":\"2018\",\"note\":\"Publisher: IOP Publishing\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource\",\"pages\":\"034028\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{ala-aho_permafrost_2018,\\n\\ttitle = {Permafrost and lakes control river isotope composition across a boreal {Arctic} transect in the {Western} {Siberian} lowlands},\\n\\tvolume = {13},\\n\\tissn = {1748-9326},\\n\\turl = {https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aaa4fe},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1088/1748-9326/aaa4fe},\\n\\tabstract = {The Western Siberian Lowlands (WSL) store large quantities of organic carbon that will be exposed and mobilized by the thawing of permafrost. The fate of mobilized carbon, however, is not well understood, partly because of inadequate knowledge of hydrological controls in the region which has a vast low-relief surface area, extensive lake and wetland coverage and gradually increasing permafrost influence. We used stable water isotopes to improve our understanding of dominant landscape controls on the hydrology of the WSL. We sampled rivers along a 1700 km South–North transect from permafrost-free to continuous permafrost repeatedly over three years, and derived isotope proxies for catchment hydrological responsiveness and connectivity. We found correlations between the isotope proxies and catchment characteristics, suggesting that lakes and wetlands are intimately connected to rivers, and that permafrost increases the responsiveness of the catchment to rainfall and snowmelt events, reducing catchment mean transit times. Our work provides rare isotope-based field evidence that permafrost and lakes/wetlands influence hydrological pathways across a wide range of spatial scales (10–105 km2) and permafrost coverage (0\\\\%–70\\\\%). This has important implications, because both permafrost extent and lake/wetland coverage are affected by permafrost thaw in the changing climate. Changes in these hydrological landscape controls are likely to alter carbon export and emission via inland waters, which may be of global significance.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {3},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Environmental Research Letters},\\n\\tauthor = {Ala-aho, P. and Soulsby, C. and Pokrovsky, O. S. and Kirpotin, S. N. and Karlsson, J. and Serikova, S. and Manasypov, R. and Lim, A. and Krickov, I. and Kolesnichenko, L. G. and Laudon, H. and Tetzlaff, D.},\\n\\tmonth = feb,\\n\\tyear = {2018},\\n\\tnote = {Publisher: IOP Publishing},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource},\\n\\tpages = {034028},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Ala-aho, P.\",\"Soulsby, C.\",\"Pokrovsky, O. S.\",\"Kirpotin, S. N.\",\"Karlsson, J.\",\"Serikova, S.\",\"Manasypov, R.\",\"Lim, A.\",\"Krickov, I.\",\"Kolesnichenko, L. G.\",\"Laudon, H.\",\"Tetzlaff, D.\"],\"key\":\"ala-aho_permafrost_2018\",\"id\":\"ala-aho_permafrost_2018\",\"bibbaseid\":\"alaaho-soulsby-pokrovsky-kirpotin-karlsson-serikova-manasypov-lim-etal-permafrostandlakescontrolriverisotopecompositionacrossaborealarctictransectinthewesternsiberianlowlands-2018\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aaa4fe\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"The sedimentary and remote-sensing reflection of biomass burning in Europe\",\"volume\":\"27\",\"copyright\":\"© 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd\",\"issn\":\"1466-8238\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/geb.12682\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/geb.12682\",\"abstract\":\"Aim We provide the first European-scale geospatial training set relating the charcoal signal in surface lake sediments to fire parameters (number, intensity and area) recorded by satellite moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensors. Our calibration is intended for quantitative reconstructions of key fire-regime parameters by using sediment sequences of microscopic (MIC from pollen slides, particles 10–500 µm) and macroscopic charcoal (MAC from sieves, particles \\\\textgreater 100 µm). Location North–south and east–west transects across Europe, covering the mediterranean, temperate, alpine, boreal and steppe biomes. Time period Lake sediments and MODIS active fire and burned area products were collected for the years 2012–2015. Methods Cylinder sediment traps were installed in lakes to annually collect charcoal particles in sediments. We quantitatively assessed the relationships between MIC and MAC influx (particles/cm2/year) and the MODIS-derived products to identify source areas of charcoal and the extent to which lake-sediment charcoal is linked to fire parameters across the continent. Results Source area of sedimentary charcoal was estimated to a 40-km radius around sites for both MIC and MAC particles. Fires occurred in grasslands and in forests, with grass morphotypes of MAC accurately reflecting the burned fuel-type. Despite the lack of local fires around the sites, MAC influx levels reached those reported for local fires. Both MIC and MAC showed strong and highly significant relationships with the MODIS-derived fire parameters, as well as with climatic variation along a latitudinal temperature gradient. Main conclusions MIC and MAC are suited to quantitatively reconstructing fire number and fire intensity on a regional scale. However, burned area may only be estimated using MAC. Local fires may be identified by using several lines of evidence, e.g. analysis of large particles (\\\\textgreater 600 µm), magnetic susceptibility and sedimentological data. Our results offer new insights and applications to quantitatively reconstruct fires and to interpret available sedimentary charcoal records.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"2\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Global Ecology and Biogeography\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Adolf\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Carole\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Wunderle\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Stefan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Colombaroli\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Daniele\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Weber\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Helga\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Gobet\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Erika\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Heiri\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Oliver\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[\"van\"],\"lastnames\":[\"Leeuwen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jacqueline\",\"F.\",\"N.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Bigler\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Christian\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Connor\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Simon\",\"E.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Gałka\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Mariusz\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"La\",\"Mantia\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Tommaso\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Makhortykh\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sergey\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Svitavská-Svobodová\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Helena\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Vannière\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Boris\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Tinner\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Willy\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2018\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/geb.12682\",\"keywords\":\"#nosource, MODIS, calibration in space, fire ecology, fire regime, lake-sediment charcoal, palaeoecology\",\"pages\":\"199–212\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{adolf_sedimentary_2018,\\n\\ttitle = {The sedimentary and remote-sensing reflection of biomass burning in {Europe}},\\n\\tvolume = {27},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2017 John Wiley \\\\& Sons Ltd},\\n\\tissn = {1466-8238},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/geb.12682},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/geb.12682},\\n\\tabstract = {Aim We provide the first European-scale geospatial training set relating the charcoal signal in surface lake sediments to fire parameters (number, intensity and area) recorded by satellite moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensors. Our calibration is intended for quantitative reconstructions of key fire-regime parameters by using sediment sequences of microscopic (MIC from pollen slides, particles 10–500 µm) and macroscopic charcoal (MAC from sieves, particles {\\\\textgreater} 100 µm). Location North–south and east–west transects across Europe, covering the mediterranean, temperate, alpine, boreal and steppe biomes. Time period Lake sediments and MODIS active fire and burned area products were collected for the years 2012–2015. Methods Cylinder sediment traps were installed in lakes to annually collect charcoal particles in sediments. We quantitatively assessed the relationships between MIC and MAC influx (particles/cm2/year) and the MODIS-derived products to identify source areas of charcoal and the extent to which lake-sediment charcoal is linked to fire parameters across the continent. Results Source area of sedimentary charcoal was estimated to a 40-km radius around sites for both MIC and MAC particles. Fires occurred in grasslands and in forests, with grass morphotypes of MAC accurately reflecting the burned fuel-type. Despite the lack of local fires around the sites, MAC influx levels reached those reported for local fires. Both MIC and MAC showed strong and highly significant relationships with the MODIS-derived fire parameters, as well as with climatic variation along a latitudinal temperature gradient. Main conclusions MIC and MAC are suited to quantitatively reconstructing fire number and fire intensity on a regional scale. However, burned area may only be estimated using MAC. Local fires may be identified by using several lines of evidence, e.g. analysis of large particles ({\\\\textgreater} 600 µm), magnetic susceptibility and sedimentological data. Our results offer new insights and applications to quantitatively reconstruct fires and to interpret available sedimentary charcoal records.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {2},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Global Ecology and Biogeography},\\n\\tauthor = {Adolf, Carole and Wunderle, Stefan and Colombaroli, Daniele and Weber, Helga and Gobet, Erika and Heiri, Oliver and van Leeuwen, Jacqueline F. N. and Bigler, Christian and Connor, Simon E. and Gałka, Mariusz and La Mantia, Tommaso and Makhortykh, Sergey and Svitavská-Svobodová, Helena and Vannière, Boris and Tinner, Willy},\\n\\tyear = {2018},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/geb.12682},\\n\\tkeywords = {\\\\#nosource, MODIS, calibration in space, fire ecology, fire regime, lake-sediment charcoal, palaeoecology},\\n\\tpages = {199--212},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Adolf, C.\",\"Wunderle, S.\",\"Colombaroli, D.\",\"Weber, H.\",\"Gobet, E.\",\"Heiri, O.\",\"van Leeuwen, J. F. N.\",\"Bigler, C.\",\"Connor, S. E.\",\"Gałka, M.\",\"La Mantia, T.\",\"Makhortykh, S.\",\"Svitavská-Svobodová, H.\",\"Vannière, B.\",\"Tinner, W.\"],\"key\":\"adolf_sedimentary_2018\",\"id\":\"adolf_sedimentary_2018\",\"bibbaseid\":\"adolf-wunderle-colombaroli-weber-gobet-heiri-vanleeuwen-bigler-etal-thesedimentaryandremotesensingreflectionofbiomassburningineurope-2018\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/geb.12682\"},\"keyword\":[\"#nosource\",\"MODIS\",\"calibration in space\",\"fire ecology\",\"fire regime\",\"lake-sediment charcoal\",\"palaeoecology\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Patterns and drivers in spring and autumn phenology differ above- and belowground in four ecosystems under the same macroclimatic conditions\",\"volume\":\"445\",\"url\":\"https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-187824\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s11104-019-04300-w\",\"abstract\":\"Background and aims: Start and end of the growing season determine important ecosystem processes, but their drivers may differ above-and belowground, between autumn and spring, and between ecosyste ...\",\"language\":\"eng\",\"number\":\"1-2\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Plant and Soil\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Schwieger\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sarah\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Blume-Werry\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Gesche\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Peters\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Bo\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Smiljanic\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Marko\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kreyling\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Juergen\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2019\",\"note\":\"Publisher: Springer\",\"pages\":\"217–229\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{schwieger_patterns_2019,\\n\\ttitle = {Patterns and drivers in spring and autumn phenology differ above- and belowground in four ecosystems under the same macroclimatic conditions},\\n\\tvolume = {445},\\n\\turl = {https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-187824},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s11104-019-04300-w},\\n\\tabstract = {Background and aims: Start and end of the growing season determine important ecosystem processes, but their drivers may differ above-and belowground, between autumn and spring, and between ecosyste ...},\\n\\tlanguage = {eng},\\n\\tnumber = {1-2},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Plant and Soil},\\n\\tauthor = {Schwieger, Sarah and Blume-Werry, Gesche and Peters, Bo and Smiljanic, Marko and Kreyling, Juergen},\\n\\tyear = {2019},\\n\\tnote = {Publisher: Springer},\\n\\tpages = {217--229},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Schwieger, S.\",\"Blume-Werry, G.\",\"Peters, B.\",\"Smiljanic, M.\",\"Kreyling, J.\"],\"key\":\"schwieger_patterns_2019\",\"id\":\"schwieger_patterns_2019\",\"bibbaseid\":\"schwieger-blumewerry-peters-smiljanic-kreyling-patternsanddriversinspringandautumnphenologydifferaboveandbelowgroundinfourecosystemsunderthesamemacroclimaticconditions-2019\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-187824\"},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Guiding downstream migrating Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and brown trout (Salmo trutta) of different life stages in a large river using bubbles\",\"volume\":\"40\",\"url\":\"https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-186819\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/rra.4209\",\"abstract\":\"Salmonid repeat spawners are precious individuals for wild populations due to their high fecundity and previous spawning experience, making them important in environmental policy. However, repeat s ...\",\"language\":\"eng\",\"number\":\"1\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Rivers Research and Applications: an international journal devoted to river research and management\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Leander\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Johan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hellström\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Gustav\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Nordin\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jonathan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Jonsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Micael\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Klaminder\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jonatan\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2024\",\"note\":\"Publisher: John Wiley & Sons\",\"keywords\":\"⛔ No DOI found\",\"pages\":\"107–115\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{leander_guiding_2024,\\n\\ttitle = {Guiding downstream migrating {Atlantic} salmon ({Salmo} salar) and brown trout ({Salmo} trutta) of different life stages in a large river using bubbles},\\n\\tvolume = {40},\\n\\turl = {https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-186819},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1002/rra.4209},\\n\\tabstract = {Salmonid repeat spawners are precious individuals for wild populations due to their high fecundity and previous spawning experience, making them important in environmental policy. However, repeat s ...},\\n\\tlanguage = {eng},\\n\\tnumber = {1},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Rivers Research and Applications: an international journal devoted to river research and management},\\n\\tauthor = {Leander, Johan and Hellström, Gustav and Nordin, Jonathan and Jonsson, Micael and Klaminder, Jonatan},\\n\\tyear = {2024},\\n\\tnote = {Publisher: John Wiley \\\\& Sons},\\n\\tkeywords = {⛔ No DOI found},\\n\\tpages = {107--115},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Leander, J.\",\"Hellström, G.\",\"Nordin, J.\",\"Jonsson, M.\",\"Klaminder, J.\"],\"key\":\"leander_guiding_2024\",\"id\":\"leander_guiding_2024\",\"bibbaseid\":\"leander-hellstrm-nordin-jonsson-klaminder-guidingdownstreammigratingatlanticsalmonsalmosalarandbrowntroutsalmotruttaofdifferentlifestagesinalargeriverusingbubbles-2024\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-186819\"},\"keyword\":[\"⛔ No DOI found\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Ice-melt period dominates annual carbon dioxide evasion from clear-water Arctic lakes\",\"volume\":\"9\",\"copyright\":\"© 2023 The Authors. Limnology and Oceanography Letters published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography.\",\"issn\":\"2378-2242\",\"url\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lol2.10369\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/lol2.10369\",\"abstract\":\"Current estimates of carbon dioxide (CO2) evasion from Arctic lakes are highly uncertain because few studies integrate seasonal variability, specifically evasion during spring ice-melt. We quantified annual CO2 evasion for 14 clear-water Arctic lakes in Northern Sweden through mass balance (ice-melt period) and high-frequency loggers (open-water period). On average, 80% (SD: ± 18) of annual CO2 evasion occurred within 10 d following ice-melt. The contribution of the ice-melt period to annual CO2 evasion was high compared to earlier studies of Arctic lakes (47% ± 32%). Across all lakes, the proportion of ice-melt : annual CO2 evasion was negatively related to the dissolved organic carbon concentration and positively related to the mean depth of the lakes. The results emphasize the need for measurements of CO2 exchange at ice-melt to accurately quantify CO2 evasion from Arctic lakes.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"2\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Limnology and Oceanography Letters\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Karlsson\"],\"firstnames\":[\"J.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Verheijen\"],\"firstnames\":[\"H.\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Seekell\"],\"firstnames\":[\"D.\",\"A.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Vachon\"],\"firstnames\":[\"D.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Klaus\"],\"firstnames\":[\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2024\",\"note\":\"_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lol2.10369\",\"keywords\":\"⛔ No DOI found\",\"pages\":\"112–118\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{karlsson_ice-melt_2024,\\n\\ttitle = {Ice-melt period dominates annual carbon dioxide evasion from clear-water {Arctic} lakes},\\n\\tvolume = {9},\\n\\tcopyright = {© 2023 The Authors. Limnology and Oceanography Letters published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography.},\\n\\tissn = {2378-2242},\\n\\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lol2.10369},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1002/lol2.10369},\\n\\tabstract = {Current estimates of carbon dioxide (CO2) evasion from Arctic lakes are highly uncertain because few studies integrate seasonal variability, specifically evasion during spring ice-melt. We quantified annual CO2 evasion for 14 clear-water Arctic lakes in Northern Sweden through mass balance (ice-melt period) and high-frequency loggers (open-water period). On average, 80\\\\% (SD: ± 18) of annual CO2 evasion occurred within 10 d following ice-melt. The contribution of the ice-melt period to annual CO2 evasion was high compared to earlier studies of Arctic lakes (47\\\\% ± 32\\\\%). Across all lakes, the proportion of ice-melt : annual CO2 evasion was negatively related to the dissolved organic carbon concentration and positively related to the mean depth of the lakes. The results emphasize the need for measurements of CO2 exchange at ice-melt to accurately quantify CO2 evasion from Arctic lakes.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {2},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Limnology and Oceanography Letters},\\n\\tauthor = {Karlsson, J. and Verheijen, H. A. and Seekell, D. A. and Vachon, D. and Klaus, M.},\\n\\tyear = {2024},\\n\\tnote = {\\\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lol2.10369},\\n\\tkeywords = {⛔ No DOI found},\\n\\tpages = {112--118},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Karlsson, J.\",\"Verheijen, H. A.\",\"Seekell, D. A.\",\"Vachon, D.\",\"Klaus, M.\"],\"key\":\"karlsson_ice-melt_2024\",\"id\":\"karlsson_ice-melt_2024\",\"bibbaseid\":\"karlsson-verheijen-seekell-vachon-klaus-icemeltperioddominatesannualcarbondioxideevasionfromclearwaterarcticlakes-2024\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lol2.10369\"},\"keyword\":[\"⛔ No DOI found\"],\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Optical and radar Earth observation data for upscaling methane emissions linked to permafrost degradation in sub-Arctic peatlands in northern Sweden\",\"volume\":\"20\",\"url\":\"https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-218475\",\"doi\":\"10.5194/bg-20-4221-2023\",\"abstract\":\"Permafrost thaw in Arctic regions is increasing methane (CH4) emissions into the atmosphere, but quantification of such emissions is difficult given the large and remote areas impacted. Hence, Eart ...\",\"language\":\"eng\",\"number\":\"20\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Biogeosciences\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sjögersten\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sofie\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ledger\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Martha\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Siewert\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Matthias\",\"B.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"De\",\"La\",\"Barreda-Bautista\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Betsabé\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sowter\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Andrew\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Gee\"],\"firstnames\":[\"David\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Foody\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Giles\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Boyd\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Doreen\",\"S.\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2023\",\"note\":\"Publisher: Copernicus Publications\",\"pages\":\"4221–4239\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{sjogersten_optical_2023,\\n\\ttitle = {Optical and radar {Earth} observation data for upscaling methane emissions linked to permafrost degradation in sub-{Arctic} peatlands in northern {Sweden}},\\n\\tvolume = {20},\\n\\turl = {https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-218475},\\n\\tdoi = {10.5194/bg-20-4221-2023},\\n\\tabstract = {Permafrost thaw in Arctic regions is increasing methane (CH4) emissions into the atmosphere, but quantification of such emissions is difficult given the large and remote areas impacted. Hence, Eart ...},\\n\\tlanguage = {eng},\\n\\tnumber = {20},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Biogeosciences},\\n\\tauthor = {Sjögersten, Sofie and Ledger, Martha and Siewert, Matthias B. and De La Barreda-Bautista, Betsabé and Sowter, Andrew and Gee, David and Foody, Giles and Boyd, Doreen S.},\\n\\tyear = {2023},\\n\\tnote = {Publisher: Copernicus Publications},\\n\\tpages = {4221--4239},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Sjögersten, S.\",\"Ledger, M.\",\"Siewert, M. B.\",\"De La Barreda-Bautista, B.\",\"Sowter, A.\",\"Gee, D.\",\"Foody, G.\",\"Boyd, D. S.\"],\"key\":\"sjogersten_optical_2023\",\"id\":\"sjogersten_optical_2023\",\"bibbaseid\":\"sjgersten-ledger-siewert-delabarredabautista-sowter-gee-foody-boyd-opticalandradarearthobservationdataforupscalingmethaneemissionslinkedtopermafrostdegradationinsubarcticpeatlandsinnorthernsweden-2023\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-218475\"},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"A high spatial resolution soil carbon and nitrogen dataset for the northern permafrost region based on circumpolar land cover upscaling\",\"volume\":\"14\",\"url\":\"https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-203690\",\"doi\":\"10.5194/essd-14-4095-2022\",\"abstract\":\"Soils in the northern high latitudes are a key component in the global carbon cycle; the northern permafrost region covers 22% of the Northern Hemisphere land surface area and holds almost twice as ...\",\"language\":\"eng\",\"number\":\"9\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"Earth System Science Data\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Palmtag\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Juri\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Obu\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jaroslav\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kuhry\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Peter\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Richter\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Andreas\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Siewert\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Matthias\",\"B.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Weiss\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Niels\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Westermann\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Sebastian\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hugelius\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Gustaf\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2022\",\"note\":\"Publisher: Copernicus Publications\",\"pages\":\"4095–4110\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{palmtag_high_2022,\\n\\ttitle = {A high spatial resolution soil carbon and nitrogen dataset for the northern permafrost region based on circumpolar land cover upscaling},\\n\\tvolume = {14},\\n\\turl = {https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-203690},\\n\\tdoi = {10.5194/essd-14-4095-2022},\\n\\tabstract = {Soils in the northern high latitudes are a key component in the global carbon cycle; the northern permafrost region covers 22\\\\% of the Northern Hemisphere land surface area and holds almost twice as ...},\\n\\tlanguage = {eng},\\n\\tnumber = {9},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {Earth System Science Data},\\n\\tauthor = {Palmtag, Juri and Obu, Jaroslav and Kuhry, Peter and Richter, Andreas and Siewert, Matthias B. and Weiss, Niels and Westermann, Sebastian and Hugelius, Gustaf},\\n\\tyear = {2022},\\n\\tnote = {Publisher: Copernicus Publications},\\n\\tpages = {4095--4110},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Palmtag, J.\",\"Obu, J.\",\"Kuhry, P.\",\"Richter, A.\",\"Siewert, M. B.\",\"Weiss, N.\",\"Westermann, S.\",\"Hugelius, G.\"],\"key\":\"palmtag_high_2022\",\"id\":\"palmtag_high_2022\",\"bibbaseid\":\"palmtag-obu-kuhry-richter-siewert-weiss-westermann-hugelius-ahighspatialresolutionsoilcarbonandnitrogendatasetforthenorthernpermafrostregionbasedoncircumpolarlandcoverupscaling-2022\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-203690\"},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"As a permafrost ecosystem warms, plant community traits become more acquisitive\",\"volume\":\"240\",\"url\":\"https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-215375\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/nph.19286\",\"abstract\":\"As a permafrost ecosystem warms, plant community traits become more acquisitive\",\"language\":\"eng\",\"number\":\"5\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"New Phytologist\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Spitzer\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Clydecia\",\"M.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Blume-Werry\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Gesche\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2023\",\"note\":\"Publisher: John Wiley & Sons\",\"pages\":\"1712–1713\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{spitzer_as_2023,\\n\\ttitle = {As a permafrost ecosystem warms, plant community traits become more acquisitive},\\n\\tvolume = {240},\\n\\turl = {https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-215375},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/nph.19286},\\n\\tabstract = {As a permafrost ecosystem warms, plant community traits become more acquisitive},\\n\\tlanguage = {eng},\\n\\tnumber = {5},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {New Phytologist},\\n\\tauthor = {Spitzer, Clydecia M. and Blume-Werry, Gesche},\\n\\tyear = {2023},\\n\\tnote = {Publisher: John Wiley \\\\& Sons},\\n\\tpages = {1712--1713},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Spitzer, C. M.\",\"Blume-Werry, G.\"],\"key\":\"spitzer_as_2023\",\"id\":\"spitzer_as_2023\",\"bibbaseid\":\"spitzer-blumewerry-asapermafrostecosystemwarmsplantcommunitytraitsbecomemoreacquisitive-2023\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-215375\"},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Warming nondormant tree roots advances aboveground spring phenology in temperate trees\",\"volume\":\"240\",\"url\":\"https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-216213\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/nph.19304\",\"abstract\":\"Climate warming advances the onset of tree growth in spring, but above- and belowground phenology are not always synchronized. These differences in growth responses may result from differences in r ...\",\"language\":\"eng\",\"number\":\"6\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"New Phytologist\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Malyshev\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Andrey\",\"V.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Blume-Werry\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Gesche\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Spiller\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ophelia\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Smiljanić\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Marko\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Weigel\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Robert\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kolb\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Alexander\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Nze\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Byron\",\"Ye\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Märker\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Frederik\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Sommer\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Freymuth\",\"Carl-Fried\",\"Johannes\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kinley\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Kinley\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Ziegler\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Jan\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Pasang\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Pasang\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Mahara\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Robert\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Joshi\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Silviya\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Heinsohn\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Vincent\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kreyling\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Juergen\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2023\",\"note\":\"Publisher: John Wiley & Sons\",\"pages\":\"2276–2287\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{malyshev_warming_2023,\\n\\ttitle = {Warming nondormant tree roots advances aboveground spring phenology in temperate trees},\\n\\tvolume = {240},\\n\\turl = {https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-216213},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1111/nph.19304},\\n\\tabstract = {Climate warming advances the onset of tree growth in spring, but above- and belowground phenology are not always synchronized. These differences in growth responses may result from differences in r ...},\\n\\tlanguage = {eng},\\n\\tnumber = {6},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {New Phytologist},\\n\\tauthor = {Malyshev, Andrey V. and Blume-Werry, Gesche and Spiller, Ophelia and Smiljanić, Marko and Weigel, Robert and Kolb, Alexander and Nze, Byron Ye and Märker, Frederik and Sommer, Freymuth Carl-Fried Johannes and Kinley, Kinley and Ziegler, Jan and Pasang, Pasang and Mahara, Robert and Joshi, Silviya and Heinsohn, Vincent and Kreyling, Juergen},\\n\\tyear = {2023},\\n\\tnote = {Publisher: John Wiley \\\\& Sons},\\n\\tpages = {2276--2287},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Malyshev, A. V.\",\"Blume-Werry, G.\",\"Spiller, O.\",\"Smiljanić, M.\",\"Weigel, R.\",\"Kolb, A.\",\"Nze, B. Y.\",\"Märker, F.\",\"Sommer, F. C. J.\",\"Kinley, K.\",\"Ziegler, J.\",\"Pasang, P.\",\"Mahara, R.\",\"Joshi, S.\",\"Heinsohn, V.\",\"Kreyling, J.\"],\"key\":\"malyshev_warming_2023\",\"id\":\"malyshev_warming_2023\",\"bibbaseid\":\"malyshev-blumewerry-spiller-smiljani-weigel-kolb-nze-mrker-etal-warmingnondormanttreerootsadvancesabovegroundspringphenologyintemperatetrees-2023\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-216213\"},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"How do leaf functional traits and age influence the maximum rooting depth of trees?\",\"volume\":\"142\",\"url\":\"https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-210225\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10342-023-01585-6\",\"abstract\":\"Maximum rooting depth is a key functional trait to increase the fitness of trees and also influences terrestrial ecosystem processes. Despite its importance, the drivers of the interspecific variat ...\",\"language\":\"eng\",\"number\":\"5\",\"urldate\":\"2024-03-26\",\"journal\":\"European Journal of Forest Research\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Makoto\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Kobayashi\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Kitagawa\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Ryo\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Blume-Werry\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Gesche\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"year\":\"2023\",\"note\":\"Publisher: Springer Science+Business Media B.V.\",\"pages\":\"1197–1206\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{makoto_how_2023,\\n\\ttitle = {How do leaf functional traits and age influence the maximum rooting depth of trees?},\\n\\tvolume = {142},\\n\\turl = {https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-210225},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1007/s10342-023-01585-6},\\n\\tabstract = {Maximum rooting depth is a key functional trait to increase the fitness of trees and also influences terrestrial ecosystem processes. Despite its importance, the drivers of the interspecific variat ...},\\n\\tlanguage = {eng},\\n\\tnumber = {5},\\n\\turldate = {2024-03-26},\\n\\tjournal = {European Journal of Forest Research},\\n\\tauthor = {Makoto, Kobayashi and Kitagawa, Ryo and Blume-Werry, Gesche},\\n\\tyear = {2023},\\n\\tnote = {Publisher: Springer Science+Business Media B.V.},\\n\\tpages = {1197--1206},\\n}\\n\\n\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Makoto, K.\",\"Kitagawa, R.\",\"Blume-Werry, G.\"],\"key\":\"makoto_how_2023\",\"id\":\"makoto_how_2023\",\"bibbaseid\":\"makoto-kitagawa-blumewerry-howdoleaffunctionaltraitsandageinfluencethemaximumrootingdepthoftrees-2023\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-210225\"},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"A review of open top chamber (OTC) performance across the ITEX Network\",\"volume\":\"9\",\"url\":\"https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-212056\",\"doi\":\"10.1139/as-2022-0030\",\"abstract\":\"Open top chambers (OTCs) were adopted as the recommended warmingmechanism by the International Tundra Experiment network in the early 1990s. 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