\n

\n \n 2020\n \n \n (3)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Haitian Archaeological Heritage: Understanding Its Loss and Paths to Future Preservation.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Jean, J. S.; Joseph, M.; Louis, C.; and Michel, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Heritage, 3(3): 733–752. September 2020.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Haitian$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n \n \n 2 downloads\n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{jean_haitian_2020,\n\ttitle = {Haitian {Archaeological} {Heritage}: {Understanding} {Its} {Loss} and {Paths} to {Future} {Preservation}},\n\tvolume = {3},\n\tcopyright = {http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/},\n\tshorttitle = {Haitian {Archaeological} {Heritage}},\n\turl = {https://www.mdpi.com/2571-9408/3/3/41},\n\tdoi = {10.3390/heritage3030041},\n\tabstract = {Haitian archaeological heritage is expressed through multiple traces of Amerindian cultures, enslaved African legacies, ruins of old colonial plantations and fortresses, and post-Haitian independence. Despite the existence of legal institutions engaged in the protection of this heritage, Haitian archaeological sites are becoming more threatened because of looting, appropriation of spaces, and lands management, as well as natural hazards. This paper aims to explore the current state of archaeological heritage with the broader context of the politics of heritage in Haiti. We analyzed the conditions of archaeological sites from the northern region and addressed their place in official heritage practices. The results of this study revealed that most of the archaeological sites that reflect the complexity of Haitian history are not given much attention in the politics of heritage that prioritize the nationalistic and emblematic character of historic traces. This study highlighted the importance of a new approach that prioritizes multiple voices to address heritage matters for the future.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2020-07-24},\n\tjournal = {Heritage},\n\tauthor = {Jean, Joseph Sony and Joseph, Marc and Louis, Camille and Michel, Jerry},\n\tmonth = sep,\n\tyear = {2020},\n\tkeywords = {Haiti, archaeological heritage, heritage management, heritage politics, public institutions},\n\tpages = {733--752},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Databases, Drones, Diggers, and Diplomacy: The Jordanian Request for a US Cultural Property Bilateral Agreement.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Kersel, M. M.; and Hill, A. (.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 45(sup1): S101–S110. February 2020.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Databases,$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{kersel_databases_2020,\n\ttitle = {Databases, {Drones}, {Diggers}, and {Diplomacy}: {The} {Jordanian} {Request} for a {US} {Cultural} {Property} {Bilateral} {Agreement}},\n\tvolume = {45},\n\tissn = {0093-4690},\n\tshorttitle = {Databases, {Drones}, {Diggers}, and {Diplomacy}},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1080/00934690.2020.1713282},\n\tdoi = {10.1080/00934690.2020.1713282},\n\tabstract = {Looting of archaeological sites and thefts from cultural institutions in the Middle East is driven by an international demand for artifacts. Despite the efforts of Ministries of Culture, Departments of Antiquities, cultural heritage NGOs, and local communities, landscapes are destroyed, sites are pillaged, and museums are ransacked across the region. Like other countries, Jordan has a demand driven looting problem rooted in the legal and illegal trade in cultural material from the Middle East (Kersel 2019b). Tourists, locals, and museums desire Jordanian artifacts, often without questioning their market appearance. In addition to the standard set of approaches to physically and legally protecting their cultural heritage, Jordan recently turned to diplomatic measures to curb the illegal movement of looted and stolen materials. In order to support their request for a bilateral cultural property agreement with the United States, Jordan is using data from drones, databases, and archaeologists to prove that looting is an ongoing concern and the purloined artifacts are destined for the US. Deploying a case study based on data from drones, in the following we demonstrate the power of archaeological research in national policy formation and international diplomacy.},\n\tnumber = {sup1},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Kersel, Morag M. and Hill, Austin (Chad)},\n\tmonth = feb,\n\tyear = {2020},\n\tkeywords = {Jordan, cultural heritage, diplomacy, looting, remote sensing},\n\tpages = {S101--S110},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Databases, Drones, Diggers, and Diplomacy: The Jordanian Request for a US Cultural Property Bilateral Agreement.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Kersel, M. M.; and Hill, A. (.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 45(sup1): S101–S110. February 2020.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Databases,$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{kersel_databases_2020,\n\ttitle = {Databases, {Drones}, {Diggers}, and {Diplomacy}: {The} {Jordanian} {Request} for a {US} {Cultural} {Property} {Bilateral} {Agreement}},\n\tvolume = {45},\n\tissn = {0093-4690},\n\tshorttitle = {Databases, {Drones}, {Diggers}, and {Diplomacy}},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1080/00934690.2020.1713282},\n\tdoi = {10.1080/00934690.2020.1713282},\n\tabstract = {Looting of archaeological sites and thefts from cultural institutions in the Middle East is driven by an international demand for artifacts. Despite the efforts of Ministries of Culture, Departments of Antiquities, cultural heritage NGOs, and local communities, landscapes are destroyed, sites are pillaged, and museums are ransacked across the region. Like other countries, Jordan has a demand driven looting problem rooted in the legal and illegal trade in cultural material from the Middle East (Kersel 2019b). Tourists, locals, and museums desire Jordanian artifacts, often without questioning their market appearance. In addition to the standard set of approaches to physically and legally protecting their cultural heritage, Jordan recently turned to diplomatic measures to curb the illegal movement of looted and stolen materials. In order to support their request for a bilateral cultural property agreement with the United States, Jordan is using data from drones, databases, and archaeologists to prove that looting is an ongoing concern and the purloined artifacts are destined for the US. Deploying a case study based on data from drones, in the following we demonstrate the power of archaeological research in national policy formation and international diplomacy.},\n\tnumber = {sup1},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Kersel, Morag M. and Hill, Austin (Chad)},\n\tmonth = feb,\n\tyear = {2020},\n\tkeywords = {Jordan, cultural heritage, diplomacy, looting, remote sensing},\n\tpages = {S101--S110},\n}\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

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\n \n 2019\n \n \n (16)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Deep learning concepts and datasets for image recognition: overview 2019.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Horak, K.; and Sablatnig, R.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n In Jiang, X.; and Hwang, J., editor(s), Eleventh International Conference on Digital Image Processing (ICDIP 2019), pages 100, Guangzhou, China, August 2019. SPIE\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Deep$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n 1 download\n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@inproceedings{horak_deep_2019,\n\taddress = {Guangzhou, China},\n\ttitle = {Deep learning concepts and datasets for image recognition: overview 2019},\n\tisbn = {9781510630758 9781510630765},\n\tshorttitle = {Deep learning concepts and datasets for image recognition},\n\turl = {https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/11179/2539806/Deep-learning-concepts-and-datasets-for-image-recognition--overview/10.1117/12.2539806.full},\n\tdoi = {10.1117/12.2539806},\n\turldate = {2020-05-13},\n\tbooktitle = {Eleventh {International} {Conference} on {Digital} {Image} {Processing} ({ICDIP} 2019)},\n\tpublisher = {SPIE},\n\tauthor = {Horak, Karel and Sablatnig, Robert},\n\teditor = {Jiang, Xudong and Hwang, Jenq-Neng},\n\tmonth = aug,\n\tyear = {2019},\n\tpages = {100},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Illicit trade in cultural goods in Europe: characteristics, criminal justice responses and an analysis of the applicability of technologies in the combat against the trade : final report.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n European Commission; Directorate-General for Education, S. undefined; and Culture, Y.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n 2019.\n OCLC: 1108828014\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Illicit$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n \n \n 1 download\n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@book{european_commission_illicit_2019,\n\ttitle = {Illicit trade in cultural goods in {Europe}: characteristics, criminal justice responses and an analysis of the applicability of technologies in the combat against the trade : final report.},\n\tisbn = {9789279993596},\n\tshorttitle = {Illicit trade in cultural goods in {Europe}},\n\turl = {https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2766/183649},\n\tabstract = {This study contributes to a better understanding of the illicit trade in cultural goods in Europe by providing insights into its various aspects, such as source, transit and destination of illicitly traded goods; trafficking routes; trends and patterns of trafficking and illicit trade operations and actors involved. It also discusses approaches to measuring the volume of the illicit trade, and explores national and international criminal justice responses to trafficking in cultural goods to identify challenges faced by the relevant law enforcement authorities in implementing effective responses. In this context, this study analyses the possible benefits and shortcomings of existing and new technologies that are used or can be used by competent authorities for identifying illicitly traded goods, for improving information sharing and for other forms of inter-agency cooperation. Based on the analysis of data and information collected through interviews with experts and practitioners, stakeholder surveys and desk-based research, this study formulates a range of recommendations and concrete steps that the EU and Member States should undertake in order to intensify and render more effective their efforts in combatting illicit trade in cultural goods.},\n\tlanguage = {Summary in French and German.},\n\turldate = {2020-04-24},\n\tauthor = {{European Commission} and Directorate-General for Education, Sport {and} Culture, Youth},\n\tyear = {2019},\n\tnote = {OCLC: 1108828014},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n EAMENA training in the use of satellite remote sensing and digital technologies in heritage management: Libya and Tunisia workshops 2017–2019.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Hobson, M. S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Libyan Studies, 50: 63–71. November 2019.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"EAMENA$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n \n \n 2 downloads\n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{hobson_eamena_2019,\n\ttitle = {{EAMENA} training in the use of satellite remote sensing and digital technologies in heritage management: {Libya} and {Tunisia} workshops 2017–2019},\n\tvolume = {50},\n\tissn = {0263-7189, 2052-6148},\n\tshorttitle = {{EAMENA} training in the use of satellite remote sensing and digital technologies in heritage management},\n\turl = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0263718919000220/type/journal_article},\n\tdoi = {10.1017/lis.2019.22},\n\tabstract = {Abstract \n            This article provides a brief summary of the aims, methods and results of a programme of training carried out by the EAMENA project in partnership with the Tunisian Institut National du Patrimoine and the Libyan Department of Antiquities. The focus was on the use of freely available satellite imagery for archaeological site identification and monitoring, on compiling and maintaining spatial databases - including the on-the-ground location of sites with the use of a GPS - and on the observation of patterns of preservation and threat within Geographical Information Systems to inform heritage management decisions at both regional and national levels. Three pairs of workshops took place in Tunis in 2017, 2018 and 2019, with interim support being given to participants by a Training Manager and Research Assistant based at the University of Leicester. The work was part of a larger scheme offered to heritage professionals across the Middle East and North Africa by the EAMENA project thanks to a grant received from the Cultural Protection Fund. In general this training has been very well received. Not only has it successfully achieved the propagation of desirable and much needed skills within partner institutions, it has also raised awareness of issues affecting the protection of cultural heritage within the broader community. \n          ,  \n            يقدم هذا المقال ملخص موجز لأهداف وطرق ونتائج برنامج التدريب الذي ينفذه مشروع EAMENA بالشراكة مع المعهد الوطني للتراث التونسي و مصلحة الآثار الليبية. حيث كان التركيز على استخدام صور الأقمار الصناعية المتوفرة مجاناً لتحديد المواقع الأثرية و رصدها، و على تجميع وصيانة قواعد البيانات المكانية - بما في ذلك تحديد المكان على أرض الواقع باستخدام GPS - و كذلك على مراقبة أنماط الحفظ والتهديدات داخل نظم المعلومات الجغرافية للاستعمال عند اتخاذ قرارات تخص إدارة التراث على الصعيدين الإقليمي والوطني . عُقدت ثلاثة أزواج من ورش العمل في تونس في الأعوام 2017 و 2018 و 2019، مع تقديم دعم قصير المدى للمشاركين من قبل مدير التدريب ومساعد باحث من جامعة ليستر. و قد كان هذا العمل جزءاً من مخطط أكبر تم تقديمه للمهنيين في مجال التراث في منطقة الشرق الأوسط وشمال إفريقيا من خلال مشروع EAMENA وبفضل منحة مقدمة من صندوق حماية الثقافة. بشكل عام التدريب قد استقبل بشكل جيد. و لقد نجح المشروع في نشر المهارات المرغوبة، و التي المؤسسات الشريكة بحاجة ماسة إليها، كذلك فإنه عمل أيضاً على زيادة الوعي بالقضايا التي تؤثر في حماية التراث الثقافي داخل المجتمع عامة.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {Libyan Studies},\n\tauthor = {Hobson, Matthew S.},\n\tmonth = nov,\n\tyear = {2019},\n\tpages = {63--71},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n

\n Abstract This article provides a brief summary of the aims, methods and results of a programme of training carried out by the EAMENA project in partnership with the Tunisian Institut National du Patrimoine and the Libyan Department of Antiquities. The focus was on the use of freely available satellite imagery for archaeological site identification and monitoring, on compiling and maintaining spatial databases - including the on-the-ground location of sites with the use of a GPS - and on the observation of patterns of preservation and threat within Geographical Information Systems to inform heritage management decisions at both regional and national levels. Three pairs of workshops took place in Tunis in 2017, 2018 and 2019, with interim support being given to participants by a Training Manager and Research Assistant based at the University of Leicester. The work was part of a larger scheme offered to heritage professionals across the Middle East and North Africa by the EAMENA project thanks to a grant received from the Cultural Protection Fund. In general this training has been very well received. Not only has it successfully achieved the propagation of desirable and much needed skills within partner institutions, it has also raised awareness of issues affecting the protection of cultural heritage within the broader community. , يقدم هذا المقال ملخص موجز لأهداف وطرق ونتائج برنامج التدريب الذي ينفذه مشروع EAMENA بالشراكة مع المعهد الوطني للتراث التونسي و مصلحة الآثار الليبية. حيث كان التركيز على استخدام صور الأقمار الصناعية المتوفرة مجاناً لتحديد المواقع الأثرية و رصدها، و على تجميع وصيانة قواعد البيانات المكانية - بما في ذلك تحديد المكان على أرض الواقع باستخدام GPS - و كذلك على مراقبة أنماط الحفظ والتهديدات داخل نظم المعلومات الجغرافية للاستعمال عند اتخاذ قرارات تخص إدارة التراث على الصعيدين الإقليمي والوطني . عُقدت ثلاثة أزواج من ورش العمل في تونس في الأعوام 2017 و 2018 و 2019، مع تقديم دعم قصير المدى للمشاركين من قبل مدير التدريب ومساعد باحث من جامعة ليستر. و قد كان هذا العمل جزءاً من مخطط أكبر تم تقديمه للمهنيين في مجال التراث في منطقة الشرق الأوسط وشمال إفريقيا من خلال مشروع EAMENA وبفضل منحة مقدمة من صندوق حماية الثقافة. بشكل عام التدريب قد استقبل بشكل جيد. و لقد نجح المشروع في نشر المهارات المرغوبة، و التي المؤسسات الشريكة بحاجة ماسة إليها، كذلك فإنه عمل أيضاً على زيادة الوعي بالقضايا التي تؤثر في حماية التراث الثقافي داخل المجتمع عامة.\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Detection of Archaeological Looting from Space: Methods, Achievements and Challenges.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Tapete, D.; and Cigna, F.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Remote Sensing, 11(20): 2389. January 2019.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Detection$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n \n \n 2 downloads\n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{tapete_detection_2019,\n\ttitle = {Detection of {Archaeological} {Looting} from {Space}: {Methods}, {Achievements} and {Challenges}},\n\tvolume = {11},\n\tcopyright = {http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/},\n\tshorttitle = {Detection of {Archaeological} {Looting} from {Space}},\n\turl = {https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/20/2389},\n\tdoi = {10.3390/rs11202389},\n\tabstract = {Illegal excavations in archaeological heritage sites (namely “looting”) are a global phenomenon. Satellite images are nowadays massively used by archaeologists to systematically document sites affected by looting. In parallel, remote sensing scientists are increasingly developing processing methods with a certain degree of automation to quantify looting using satellite imagery. To capture the state-of-the-art of this growing field of remote sensing, in this work 47 peer-reviewed research publications and grey literature are reviewed, accounting for: (i) the type of satellite data used, i.e., optical and synthetic aperture radar (SAR); (ii) properties of looting features utilized as proxies for damage assessment (e.g., shape, morphology, spectral signature); (iii) image processing workflows; and (iv) rationale for validation. Several scholars studied looting even prior to the conflicts recently affecting the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Regardless of the method used for looting feature identification (either visual/manual, or with the aid of image processing), they preferred very high resolution (VHR) optical imagery, mainly black-and-white panchromatic, or pansharpened multispectral, whereas SAR is being used more recently by specialist image analysts only. Yet the full potential of VHR and high resolution (HR) multispectral information in optical imagery is to be exploited, with limited research studies testing spectral indices. To fill this gap, a range of looted sites across the MENA region are presented in this work, i.e., Lisht, Dashur, and Abusir el Malik (Egypt), and Tell Qarqur, Tell Jifar, Sergiopolis, Apamea, Dura Europos, and Tell Hizareen (Syria). The aim is to highlight: (i) the complementarity of HR multispectral data and VHR SAR with VHR optical imagery, (ii) usefulness of spectral profiles in the visible and near-infrared bands, and (iii) applicability of methods for multi-temporal change detection. Satellite data used for the demonstration include: HR multispectral imagery from the Copernicus Sentinel-2 constellation, VHR X-band SAR data from the COSMO-SkyMed mission, VHR panchromatic and multispectral WorldView-2 imagery, and further VHR optical data acquired by GeoEye-1, IKONOS-2, QuickBird-2, and WorldView-3, available through Google Earth. Commonalities between the different image processing methods are examined, alongside a critical discussion about automation in looting assessment, current lack of common practices in image processing, achievements in managing the uncertainty in looting feature interpretation, and current needs for more dissemination and user uptake. Directions toward sharing and harmonization of methodologies are outlined, and some proposals are made with regard to the aspects that the community working with satellite images should consider, in order to define best practices of satellite-based looting assessment.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {20},\n\turldate = {2020-04-24},\n\tjournal = {Remote Sensing},\n\tauthor = {Tapete, Deodato and Cigna, Francesca},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2019},\n\tkeywords = {COSMO-SkyMed, SAR, Sentinel-2, VHR optical, WordView-2, archaeological remote sensing, change detection, feature extraction, looting, pattern recognition, remote sensing},\n\tpages = {2389},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n

\n Illegal excavations in archaeological heritage sites (namely “looting”) are a global phenomenon. Satellite images are nowadays massively used by archaeologists to systematically document sites affected by looting. In parallel, remote sensing scientists are increasingly developing processing methods with a certain degree of automation to quantify looting using satellite imagery. To capture the state-of-the-art of this growing field of remote sensing, in this work 47 peer-reviewed research publications and grey literature are reviewed, accounting for: (i) the type of satellite data used, i.e., optical and synthetic aperture radar (SAR); (ii) properties of looting features utilized as proxies for damage assessment (e.g., shape, morphology, spectral signature); (iii) image processing workflows; and (iv) rationale for validation. Several scholars studied looting even prior to the conflicts recently affecting the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Regardless of the method used for looting feature identification (either visual/manual, or with the aid of image processing), they preferred very high resolution (VHR) optical imagery, mainly black-and-white panchromatic, or pansharpened multispectral, whereas SAR is being used more recently by specialist image analysts only. Yet the full potential of VHR and high resolution (HR) multispectral information in optical imagery is to be exploited, with limited research studies testing spectral indices. To fill this gap, a range of looted sites across the MENA region are presented in this work, i.e., Lisht, Dashur, and Abusir el Malik (Egypt), and Tell Qarqur, Tell Jifar, Sergiopolis, Apamea, Dura Europos, and Tell Hizareen (Syria). The aim is to highlight: (i) the complementarity of HR multispectral data and VHR SAR with VHR optical imagery, (ii) usefulness of spectral profiles in the visible and near-infrared bands, and (iii) applicability of methods for multi-temporal change detection. Satellite data used for the demonstration include: HR multispectral imagery from the Copernicus Sentinel-2 constellation, VHR X-band SAR data from the COSMO-SkyMed mission, VHR panchromatic and multispectral WorldView-2 imagery, and further VHR optical data acquired by GeoEye-1, IKONOS-2, QuickBird-2, and WorldView-3, available through Google Earth. Commonalities between the different image processing methods are examined, alongside a critical discussion about automation in looting assessment, current lack of common practices in image processing, achievements in managing the uncertainty in looting feature interpretation, and current needs for more dissemination and user uptake. Directions toward sharing and harmonization of methodologies are outlined, and some proposals are made with regard to the aspects that the community working with satellite images should consider, in order to define best practices of satellite-based looting assessment.\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n COSMO-SkyMed SAR for Detection and Monitoring of Archaeological and Cultural Heritage Sites.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Tapete, D.; and Cigna, F.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Remote Sensing, 11(11): 1326. January 2019.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"COSMO-SkyMed$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n \n \n 1 download\n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{tapete_cosmo-skymed_2019,\n\ttitle = {{COSMO}-{SkyMed} {SAR} for {Detection} and {Monitoring} of {Archaeological} and {Cultural} {Heritage} {Sites}},\n\tvolume = {11},\n\tcopyright = {http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/},\n\turl = {https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/11/1326},\n\tdoi = {10.3390/rs11111326},\n\tabstract = {Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery has long been used in archaeology since the earliest space radar missions in the 1980s. In the current scenario of SAR missions, the Italian Space Agency (ASI)’s COnstellation of small Satellites for Mediterranean basin Observation (COSMO-SkyMed) has peculiar properties that make this mission of potential use by archaeologists and heritage practitioners: high to very high spatial resolution, site revisit of up to one day, and conspicuous image archives over cultural heritage sites across the globe. While recent literature and the number of research projects using COSMO-SkyMed data for science and applied research suggest a growing interest in these data, it is felt that COSMO-SkyMed still needs to be further disseminated across the archaeological remote sensing community. This paper therefore offers a portfolio of use-cases that were developed in the last two years in the Scientific Research Unit of ASI, where COSMO-SkyMed data were analysed to study and monitor cultural landscapes and heritage sites. SAR-based applications in archaeological and cultural heritage sites in Peru, Syria, Italy, and Iraq, provide evidence on how subsurface and buried features can be detected by interpreting SAR backscatter, its spatial and temporal changes, and interferometric coherence, and how SAR-derived digital elevation models (DEM) can be used to survey surface archaeological features. The use-cases also showcase how high temporal revisit SAR time series can support environmental monitoring of land surface processes, and condition assessment of archaeological heritage and landscape disturbance due to anthropogenic impact (e.g., agriculture, mining, looting). For the first time, this paper provides an overview of the capabilities of COSMO-SkyMed imagery in StripMap Himage and Spotlight-2 mode to support archaeological studies, with the aim to encourage remote sensing scientists and archaeologists to search for and exploit these data for their investigations and research activities. Furthermore, some considerations are made with regard to the perspectives opened by the upcoming launch of ASI’s COSMO-SkyMed Second Generation constellation.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {11},\n\turldate = {2020-04-24},\n\tjournal = {Remote Sensing},\n\tauthor = {Tapete, Deodato and Cigna, Francesca},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2019},\n\tkeywords = {COSMO-SkyMed, InSAR, Synthetic aperture radar, archaeological prospection, archaeological surveying, change detection, condition assessment, damage assessment, digital elevation model, interferometric coherence, remote sensing},\n\tpages = {1326},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n

\n Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery has long been used in archaeology since the earliest space radar missions in the 1980s. In the current scenario of SAR missions, the Italian Space Agency (ASI)’s COnstellation of small Satellites for Mediterranean basin Observation (COSMO-SkyMed) has peculiar properties that make this mission of potential use by archaeologists and heritage practitioners: high to very high spatial resolution, site revisit of up to one day, and conspicuous image archives over cultural heritage sites across the globe. While recent literature and the number of research projects using COSMO-SkyMed data for science and applied research suggest a growing interest in these data, it is felt that COSMO-SkyMed still needs to be further disseminated across the archaeological remote sensing community. This paper therefore offers a portfolio of use-cases that were developed in the last two years in the Scientific Research Unit of ASI, where COSMO-SkyMed data were analysed to study and monitor cultural landscapes and heritage sites. SAR-based applications in archaeological and cultural heritage sites in Peru, Syria, Italy, and Iraq, provide evidence on how subsurface and buried features can be detected by interpreting SAR backscatter, its spatial and temporal changes, and interferometric coherence, and how SAR-derived digital elevation models (DEM) can be used to survey surface archaeological features. The use-cases also showcase how high temporal revisit SAR time series can support environmental monitoring of land surface processes, and condition assessment of archaeological heritage and landscape disturbance due to anthropogenic impact (e.g., agriculture, mining, looting). For the first time, this paper provides an overview of the capabilities of COSMO-SkyMed imagery in StripMap Himage and Spotlight-2 mode to support archaeological studies, with the aim to encourage remote sensing scientists and archaeologists to search for and exploit these data for their investigations and research activities. Furthermore, some considerations are made with regard to the perspectives opened by the upcoming launch of ASI’s COSMO-SkyMed Second Generation constellation.\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Trafficking Culture: New Directions in Researching the Global Market in Illicit Antiquities.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n MACKENZIE, S.; BRODIE, N.; Yates, D.; and Tsirogiannis, C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Routledge, London, 2019.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@book{mackenzie_trafficking_2019,\n\taddress = {London},\n\ttitle = {Trafficking {Culture}: {New} {Directions} in {Researching} the {Global} {Market} in {Illicit} {Antiquities}},\n\tpublisher = {Routledge},\n\tauthor = {MACKENZIE, Simon and BRODIE, Neil and Yates, Donna and Tsirogiannis, Christos},\n\tyear = {2019},\n\tkeywords = {illicit antiquities trade, illicit antiquities, looting, trafficking, white collar crime, organized crime, crimes of the powerful, cultural, trafficking networks},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Scientific rigour of online platforms for 3D visualization of heritage.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Statham, N.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Virtual Archaeology Review, 10(20): 1. January 2019.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Scientific$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n \n \n 2 downloads\n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{statham_scientific_2019,\n\ttitle = {Scientific rigour of online platforms for {3D} visualization of heritage},\n\tvolume = {10},\n\tissn = {1989-9947},\n\turl = {https://polipapers.upv.es/index.php/var/article/view/9715},\n\tdoi = {10.4995/var.2019.9715},\n\tabstract = {{\\textless}p{\\textgreater}3D visualisations –including 3D scans and 3D reconstructions–designed as part of larger archaeology, history or cultural heritage  projects  are  commonly  shared  with  the  public  through  online  platforms  that  were  not  necessarily  designed  to host  heritage  representations  and  often  fail  to  contextualize  them.  This  paper  seeks  to  evaluate  whether five online platforms commonly used today to share 3D visualisations of heritage (Google Arts \\&amp; Culture, CyArk, 3DHOP, Sketchfab and  game  engines) offer  features that  facilitate  their scientific  rigour and community  participation,  based  on guidelines from International Council on Monuments and Sites(ICOMOS)and United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization(UNESCO). The author starts by summarizing recommendations from 32 international guidelines that are relevant to the 3D visualization of heritage, condensing them into nine key criteria: multi-disciplinary teams, objective-driven  methodology  and  tools,  careful  documentation, type  of  reconstruction  and  level  of  certainty,  authenticity, alternative  hypotheses,  multiple  historical  periods,  respectful  use  of  the  heritage, and  community  engagement. The author proceeds to review the platforms above comparing their features with these nine recommendations and concludes that, while there are currently available features that could help to elevate the scientific rigour of the 3D visualisations and their contextualization to  the  public, they are  not  mandatory  and  are  seldom  used.  The  paper  finishes  with  a recommendation for an information package to support3D visualisations of heritage on public online platforms.{\\textless}/p{\\textgreater}{\\textless}p{\\textgreater}{\\textless}strong{\\textgreater}Highlights:{\\textless}/strong{\\textgreater}{\\textless}/p{\\textgreater}{\\textless}ul{\\textgreater}{\\textless}li{\\textgreater}{\\textless}p{\\textgreater}Online platforms for the 3D visualization of heritage fail to disclose what type of reconstruction it is and its level of certainty, struggling to balance community engagement vs scientific rigour of their contents.{\\textless}/p{\\textgreater}{\\textless}/li{\\textgreater}{\\textless}li{\\textgreater}{\\textless}p{\\textgreater}ICOMOS and UNESCO recommendations regarding heritage are loosely followed on the reviewed platforms, and supporting documentation is often lacking.{\\textless}/p{\\textgreater}{\\textless}/li{\\textgreater}{\\textless}li{\\textgreater}{\\textless}p{\\textgreater}Scientific rigour on these platforms could be elevated with supporting textual fields to disclose further information about each visualisation.{\\textless}/p{\\textgreater}{\\textless}/li{\\textgreater}{\\textless}/ul{\\textgreater}},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {20},\n\turldate = {2019-12-19},\n\tjournal = {Virtual Archaeology Review},\n\tauthor = {Statham, Nataska},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2019},\n\tkeywords = {3D, heritage},\n\tpages = {1},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n

\n \\textlessp\\textgreater3D visualisations –including 3D scans and 3D reconstructions–designed as part of larger archaeology, history or cultural heritage projects are commonly shared with the public through online platforms that were not necessarily designed to host heritage representations and often fail to contextualize them. This paper seeks to evaluate whether five online platforms commonly used today to share 3D visualisations of heritage (Google Arts & Culture, CyArk, 3DHOP, Sketchfab and game engines) offer features that facilitate their scientific rigour and community participation, based on guidelines from International Council on Monuments and Sites(ICOMOS)and United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization(UNESCO). The author starts by summarizing recommendations from 32 international guidelines that are relevant to the 3D visualization of heritage, condensing them into nine key criteria: multi-disciplinary teams, objective-driven methodology and tools, careful documentation, type of reconstruction and level of certainty, authenticity, alternative hypotheses, multiple historical periods, respectful use of the heritage, and community engagement. The author proceeds to review the platforms above comparing their features with these nine recommendations and concludes that, while there are currently available features that could help to elevate the scientific rigour of the 3D visualisations and their contextualization to the public, they are not mandatory and are seldom used. The paper finishes with a recommendation for an information package to support3D visualisations of heritage on public online platforms.\\textless/p\\textgreater\\textlessp\\textgreater\\textlessstrong\\textgreaterHighlights:\\textless/strong\\textgreater\\textless/p\\textgreater\\textlessul\\textgreater\\textlessli\\textgreater\\textlessp\\textgreaterOnline platforms for the 3D visualization of heritage fail to disclose what type of reconstruction it is and its level of certainty, struggling to balance community engagement vs scientific rigour of their contents.\\textless/p\\textgreater\\textless/li\\textgreater\\textlessli\\textgreater\\textlessp\\textgreaterICOMOS and UNESCO recommendations regarding heritage are loosely followed on the reviewed platforms, and supporting documentation is often lacking.\\textless/p\\textgreater\\textless/li\\textgreater\\textlessli\\textgreater\\textlessp\\textgreaterScientific rigour on these platforms could be elevated with supporting textual fields to disclose further information about each visualisation.\\textless/p\\textgreater\\textless/li\\textgreater\\textless/ul\\textgreater\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n A Site-Level Market Model of the Antiquities Trade.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Greenland, F.; Marrone, J. V.; Topçuoğlu, O.; and Vorderstrasse, T.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Journal of Cultural Property, 26(1): 21–47. February 2019.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"A$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{greenland_site-level_2019,\n\ttitle = {A {Site}-{Level} {Market} {Model} of the {Antiquities} {Trade}},\n\tvolume = {26},\n\tissn = {0940-7391, 1465-7317},\n\turl = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/international-journal-of-cultural-property/article/sitelevel-market-model-of-the-antiquities-trade/2645FD36F1E0765DC152CD76DF2BAA09},\n\tdoi = {10.1017/S0940739119000018},\n\tabstract = {Archaeological looting correlates with a number of problems, including the destruction of stratigraphic data and the damage and loss of artifacts. Looting is also understood to generate revenue, but systematic analysis of this issue is challenged by its opacity: how can we study the economic effects of archaeological looting when the practice is rarely directly observable? To address this problem, we estimate the market value of archaeological sites where artifacts have been previously excavated and documented, using a machine-learning approach. The first step uses 41,587 sales of objects from 33 firms to train an algorithm to predict the distribution channel, lot packaging, and estimated sale price of objects based on their observable characteristics. The second step uses the trained algorithm to estimate the value of sites in which a large number of artifacts have been legally excavated and documented. We make an out-of-sample prediction on two Syrian sites, Tell Bi’a and Dura Europos.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {International Journal of Cultural Property},\n\tauthor = {Greenland, Fiona and Marrone, James V. and Topçuoğlu, Oya and Vorderstrasse, Tasha},\n\tmonth = feb,\n\tyear = {2019},\n\tkeywords = {Archaeological looting, Dura Europos, Syria, Tell Bi’a, machine-learning methods, market valuation},\n\tpages = {21--47},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Heritage and cultural healing: Iraq in a post-Daesh era.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Matthews, R.; Rasheed, Q. H.; Palmero Fernández, M.; Fobbe, S.; Nováček, K.; Mohammed-Amin, R.; Mühl, S.; and Richardson, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Journal of Heritage Studies,1–22. April 2019.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Heritage$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n \n \n 2 downloads\n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{matthews_heritage_2019,\n\ttitle = {Heritage and cultural healing: {Iraq} in a post-{Daesh} era},\n\tissn = {1352-7258, 1470-3610},\n\tshorttitle = {Heritage and cultural healing},\n\turl = {https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13527258.2019.1608585},\n\tdoi = {10.1080/13527258.2019.1608585},\n\tabstract = {Against the backdrop of the destruction of Iraqi heritage over the past quarter of a century, this article critically reviews key aspects of the current state of Iraq’s cultural heritage, including damage to heritage buildings caused by Daesh in Iraq’s second largest city, Mosul. We bring together Iraqi and non-Iraqi expertise in heritage, archaeology, and human rights law to frame our approach, building on the movement to link cultural diversity, heritage, and cultural rights. We emphasise the need for planning to enhance protection of Iraq’s heritage, in particular through the preparation of inventories, the provision of resources for heritage education in schools and the development of Iraq’s museum sector. Iraq’s presence on the UNESCO World Heritage Lists needs to be enhanced, and the issues of illicit site looting and traﬃc in looted antiquities must be addressed within international contexts. Iraq’s future accession as State Party to the 1999 Second Protocol to the 1954 Hague Convention is a priority in achieving these goals. The paper stresses the need for co-creation of heritage knowledge and a gender-sensitive human rights approach for the future of Iraq’s globally signiﬁcant cultural heritage.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {International Journal of Heritage Studies},\n\tauthor = {Matthews, Roger and Rasheed, Qais Hussain and Palmero Fernández, Mónica and Fobbe, Seán and Nováček, Karel and Mohammed-Amin, Rozhen and Mühl, Simone and Richardson, Amy},\n\tmonth = apr,\n\tyear = {2019},\n\tkeywords = {Daesh, Iraq, Isis, cultural heritage},\n\tpages = {1--22},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Facebook's Black Market in Antiquities; trafficking, terrorism, and war crimes.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Al-Azm, A.; Paul, K. A.; and Graham, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n ATHAR Project, 2019.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@book{al-azm_facebooks_2019,\n\ttitle = {Facebook's {Black} {Market} in {Antiquities}; trafficking, terrorism, and war crimes.},\n\tpublisher = {ATHAR Project},\n\tauthor = {Al-Azm, Amr and Paul, Katie A. and Graham, Shawn},\n\tyear = {2019},\n\tkeywords = {black market, conflict, facebook, terrorism, trafficking, war},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n EAMENA training in the use of satellite remote sensing and digital technologies in heritage management: Libya and Tunisia workshops 2017–2019.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Hobson, M. S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Libyan Studies, 50: 63–71. November 2019.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"EAMENA$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n \n \n 2 downloads\n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{hobson_eamena_2019,\n\ttitle = {{EAMENA} training in the use of satellite remote sensing and digital technologies in heritage management: {Libya} and {Tunisia} workshops 2017–2019},\n\tvolume = {50},\n\tissn = {0263-7189, 2052-6148},\n\tshorttitle = {{EAMENA} training in the use of satellite remote sensing and digital technologies in heritage management},\n\turl = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0263718919000220/type/journal_article},\n\tdoi = {10.1017/lis.2019.22},\n\tabstract = {Abstract \n            This article provides a brief summary of the aims, methods and results of a programme of training carried out by the EAMENA project in partnership with the Tunisian Institut National du Patrimoine and the Libyan Department of Antiquities. The focus was on the use of freely available satellite imagery for archaeological site identification and monitoring, on compiling and maintaining spatial databases - including the on-the-ground location of sites with the use of a GPS - and on the observation of patterns of preservation and threat within Geographical Information Systems to inform heritage management decisions at both regional and national levels. Three pairs of workshops took place in Tunis in 2017, 2018 and 2019, with interim support being given to participants by a Training Manager and Research Assistant based at the University of Leicester. The work was part of a larger scheme offered to heritage professionals across the Middle East and North Africa by the EAMENA project thanks to a grant received from the Cultural Protection Fund. In general this training has been very well received. Not only has it successfully achieved the propagation of desirable and much needed skills within partner institutions, it has also raised awareness of issues affecting the protection of cultural heritage within the broader community. \n          ,  \n            يقدم هذا المقال ملخص موجز لأهداف وطرق ونتائج برنامج التدريب الذي ينفذه مشروع EAMENA بالشراكة مع المعهد الوطني للتراث التونسي و مصلحة الآثار الليبية. حيث كان التركيز على استخدام صور الأقمار الصناعية المتوفرة مجاناً لتحديد المواقع الأثرية و رصدها، و على تجميع وصيانة قواعد البيانات المكانية - بما في ذلك تحديد المكان على أرض الواقع باستخدام GPS - و كذلك على مراقبة أنماط الحفظ والتهديدات داخل نظم المعلومات الجغرافية للاستعمال عند اتخاذ قرارات تخص إدارة التراث على الصعيدين الإقليمي والوطني . عُقدت ثلاثة أزواج من ورش العمل في تونس في الأعوام 2017 و 2018 و 2019، مع تقديم دعم قصير المدى للمشاركين من قبل مدير التدريب ومساعد باحث من جامعة ليستر. و قد كان هذا العمل جزءاً من مخطط أكبر تم تقديمه للمهنيين في مجال التراث في منطقة الشرق الأوسط وشمال إفريقيا من خلال مشروع EAMENA وبفضل منحة مقدمة من صندوق حماية الثقافة. بشكل عام التدريب قد استقبل بشكل جيد. و لقد نجح المشروع في نشر المهارات المرغوبة، و التي المؤسسات الشريكة بحاجة ماسة إليها، كذلك فإنه عمل أيضاً على زيادة الوعي بالقضايا التي تؤثر في حماية التراث الثقافي داخل المجتمع عامة.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {Libyan Studies},\n\tauthor = {Hobson, Matthew S.},\n\tmonth = nov,\n\tyear = {2019},\n\tpages = {63--71},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n

\n Abstract This article provides a brief summary of the aims, methods and results of a programme of training carried out by the EAMENA project in partnership with the Tunisian Institut National du Patrimoine and the Libyan Department of Antiquities. The focus was on the use of freely available satellite imagery for archaeological site identification and monitoring, on compiling and maintaining spatial databases - including the on-the-ground location of sites with the use of a GPS - and on the observation of patterns of preservation and threat within Geographical Information Systems to inform heritage management decisions at both regional and national levels. Three pairs of workshops took place in Tunis in 2017, 2018 and 2019, with interim support being given to participants by a Training Manager and Research Assistant based at the University of Leicester. The work was part of a larger scheme offered to heritage professionals across the Middle East and North Africa by the EAMENA project thanks to a grant received from the Cultural Protection Fund. In general this training has been very well received. Not only has it successfully achieved the propagation of desirable and much needed skills within partner institutions, it has also raised awareness of issues affecting the protection of cultural heritage within the broader community. , يقدم هذا المقال ملخص موجز لأهداف وطرق ونتائج برنامج التدريب الذي ينفذه مشروع EAMENA بالشراكة مع المعهد الوطني للتراث التونسي و مصلحة الآثار الليبية. حيث كان التركيز على استخدام صور الأقمار الصناعية المتوفرة مجاناً لتحديد المواقع الأثرية و رصدها، و على تجميع وصيانة قواعد البيانات المكانية - بما في ذلك تحديد المكان على أرض الواقع باستخدام GPS - و كذلك على مراقبة أنماط الحفظ والتهديدات داخل نظم المعلومات الجغرافية للاستعمال عند اتخاذ قرارات تخص إدارة التراث على الصعيدين الإقليمي والوطني . عُقدت ثلاثة أزواج من ورش العمل في تونس في الأعوام 2017 و 2018 و 2019، مع تقديم دعم قصير المدى للمشاركين من قبل مدير التدريب ومساعد باحث من جامعة ليستر. و قد كان هذا العمل جزءاً من مخطط أكبر تم تقديمه للمهنيين في مجال التراث في منطقة الشرق الأوسط وشمال إفريقيا من خلال مشروع EAMENA وبفضل منحة مقدمة من صندوق حماية الثقافة. بشكل عام التدريب قد استقبل بشكل جيد. و لقد نجح المشروع في نشر المهارات المرغوبة، و التي المؤسسات الشريكة بحاجة ماسة إليها، كذلك فإنه عمل أيضاً على زيادة الوعي بالقضايا التي تؤثر في حماية التراث الثقافي داخل المجتمع عامة.\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Detection of Archaeological Looting from Space: Methods, Achievements and Challenges.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Tapete, D.; and Cigna, F.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Remote Sensing, 11(20): 2389. January 2019.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Detection$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n \n \n 2 downloads\n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{tapete_detection_2019,\n\ttitle = {Detection of {Archaeological} {Looting} from {Space}: {Methods}, {Achievements} and {Challenges}},\n\tvolume = {11},\n\tcopyright = {http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/},\n\tshorttitle = {Detection of {Archaeological} {Looting} from {Space}},\n\turl = {https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/20/2389},\n\tdoi = {10.3390/rs11202389},\n\tabstract = {Illegal excavations in archaeological heritage sites (namely \\&ldquo;looting\\&rdquo;) are a global phenomenon. Satellite images are nowadays massively used by archaeologists to systematically document sites affected by looting. In parallel, remote sensing scientists are increasingly developing processing methods with a certain degree of automation to quantify looting using satellite imagery. To capture the state-of-the-art of this growing field of remote sensing, in this work 47 peer-reviewed research publications and grey literature are reviewed, accounting for: (i) the type of satellite data used, i.e., optical and synthetic aperture radar (SAR); (ii) properties of looting features utilized as proxies for damage assessment (e.g., shape, morphology, spectral signature); (iii) image processing workflows; and (iv) rationale for validation. Several scholars studied looting even prior to the conflicts recently affecting the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Regardless of the method used for looting feature identification (either visual/manual, or with the aid of image processing), they preferred very high resolution (VHR) optical imagery, mainly black-and-white panchromatic, or pansharpened multispectral, whereas SAR is being used more recently by specialist image analysts only. Yet the full potential of VHR and high resolution (HR) multispectral information in optical imagery is to be exploited, with limited research studies testing spectral indices. To fill this gap, a range of looted sites across the MENA region are presented in this work, i.e., Lisht, Dashur, and Abusir el Malik (Egypt), and Tell Qarqur, Tell Jifar, Sergiopolis, Apamea, Dura Europos, and Tell Hizareen (Syria). The aim is to highlight: (i) the complementarity of HR multispectral data and VHR SAR with VHR optical imagery, (ii) usefulness of spectral profiles in the visible and near-infrared bands, and (iii) applicability of methods for multi-temporal change detection. Satellite data used for the demonstration include: HR multispectral imagery from the Copernicus Sentinel-2 constellation, VHR X-band SAR data from the COSMO-SkyMed mission, VHR panchromatic and multispectral WorldView-2 imagery, and further VHR optical data acquired by GeoEye-1, IKONOS-2, QuickBird-2, and WorldView-3, available through Google Earth. Commonalities between the different image processing methods are examined, alongside a critical discussion about automation in looting assessment, current lack of common practices in image processing, achievements in managing the uncertainty in looting feature interpretation, and current needs for more dissemination and user uptake. Directions toward sharing and harmonization of methodologies are outlined, and some proposals are made with regard to the aspects that the community working with satellite images should consider, in order to define best practices of satellite-based looting assessment.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {20},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {Remote Sensing},\n\tauthor = {Tapete, Deodato and Cigna, Francesca},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2019},\n\tkeywords = {COSMO-SkyMed, SAR, Sentinel-2, VHR optical, WordView-2, archaeological remote sensing, change detection, feature extraction, looting, pattern recognition},\n\tpages = {2389},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n

\n Illegal excavations in archaeological heritage sites (namely “looting”) are a global phenomenon. Satellite images are nowadays massively used by archaeologists to systematically document sites affected by looting. In parallel, remote sensing scientists are increasingly developing processing methods with a certain degree of automation to quantify looting using satellite imagery. To capture the state-of-the-art of this growing field of remote sensing, in this work 47 peer-reviewed research publications and grey literature are reviewed, accounting for: (i) the type of satellite data used, i.e., optical and synthetic aperture radar (SAR); (ii) properties of looting features utilized as proxies for damage assessment (e.g., shape, morphology, spectral signature); (iii) image processing workflows; and (iv) rationale for validation. Several scholars studied looting even prior to the conflicts recently affecting the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Regardless of the method used for looting feature identification (either visual/manual, or with the aid of image processing), they preferred very high resolution (VHR) optical imagery, mainly black-and-white panchromatic, or pansharpened multispectral, whereas SAR is being used more recently by specialist image analysts only. Yet the full potential of VHR and high resolution (HR) multispectral information in optical imagery is to be exploited, with limited research studies testing spectral indices. To fill this gap, a range of looted sites across the MENA region are presented in this work, i.e., Lisht, Dashur, and Abusir el Malik (Egypt), and Tell Qarqur, Tell Jifar, Sergiopolis, Apamea, Dura Europos, and Tell Hizareen (Syria). The aim is to highlight: (i) the complementarity of HR multispectral data and VHR SAR with VHR optical imagery, (ii) usefulness of spectral profiles in the visible and near-infrared bands, and (iii) applicability of methods for multi-temporal change detection. Satellite data used for the demonstration include: HR multispectral imagery from the Copernicus Sentinel-2 constellation, VHR X-band SAR data from the COSMO-SkyMed mission, VHR panchromatic and multispectral WorldView-2 imagery, and further VHR optical data acquired by GeoEye-1, IKONOS-2, QuickBird-2, and WorldView-3, available through Google Earth. Commonalities between the different image processing methods are examined, alongside a critical discussion about automation in looting assessment, current lack of common practices in image processing, achievements in managing the uncertainty in looting feature interpretation, and current needs for more dissemination and user uptake. Directions toward sharing and harmonization of methodologies are outlined, and some proposals are made with regard to the aspects that the community working with satellite images should consider, in order to define best practices of satellite-based looting assessment.\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Antiquities Theft: The Role of the Museum in Modern Symbolic Violence.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Amato, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Student Publications. April 2019.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Antiquities$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n 1 download\n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{amato_antiquities_2019,\n\ttitle = {Antiquities {Theft}: {The} {Role} of the {Museum} in {Modern} {Symbolic} {Violence}},\n\tshorttitle = {Antiquities {Theft}},\n\turl = {https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/student_scholarship/731},\n\tjournal = {Student Publications},\n\tauthor = {Amato, Meredith},\n\tmonth = apr,\n\tyear = {2019},\n\tkeywords = {collecting, museum},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Small Finds, Big Values: Cylinder Seals and Coins from Iraq and Syria on the Online Market.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Topçuoǧlu, O.; and Vorderstrasse, T.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Journal of Cultural Property, 26(3): 239–263. August 2019.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Small$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{topcuoglu_small_2019,\n\ttitle = {Small {Finds}, {Big} {Values}: {Cylinder} {Seals} and {Coins} from {Iraq} and {Syria} on the {Online} {Market}},\n\tvolume = {26},\n\tissn = {0940-7391, 1465-7317},\n\tshorttitle = {Small {Finds}, {Big} {Values}},\n\turl = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/international-journal-of-cultural-property/article/small-finds-big-values-cylinder-seals-and-coins-from-iraq-and-syria-on-the-online-market/223BB39A50F6D1F59241535F05960617},\n\tdoi = {10.1017/S0940739119000213},\n\tabstract = {Discussions about looted antiquities often focus on large, culturally and monetarily valuable items. Nevertheless, it is clear that mundane small finds, which sell for relatively small amounts, account for a large portion of the global market in antiquities. This article highlights two types of small artifacts—namely, cylinder seals and coins, presumed to come from Syria and Iraq and offered for sale by online vendors. We argue that the number of cylinder seals and coins sold on the Internet has increased steadily since 2011, reaching a peak in 2016–17. This shows that the trade in Iraqi and Syrian antiquities has shifted from big-ticket items sold in traditional brick-and-mortar shops to small items readily available on the Internet for modest prices. The continuing growth of the online market in antiquities is having a devastating effect on the archaeological sites in Iraq and Syria as increasing demand fuels further looting in the region.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {International Journal of Cultural Property},\n\tauthor = {Topçuoǧlu, Oya and Vorderstrasse, Tasha},\n\tmonth = aug,\n\tyear = {2019},\n\tkeywords = {Iraq, Mesopotamia, Syria, auction, coins, cylinder seals, online market, small finds},\n\tpages = {239--263},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Market for Heritage: Evidence From eBay Using Natural Language Processing:.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Altaweel, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Social Science Computer Review. August 2019.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{altaweel_market_2019,\n\ttitle = {The {Market} for {Heritage}: {Evidence} {From} {eBay} {Using} {Natural} {Language} {Processing}:},\n\tshorttitle = {The {Market} for {Heritage}},\n\turl = {https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0894439319871015},\n\tdoi = {10.1177/0894439319871015},\n\tabstract = {The trade in antiquities and cultural objects has proven difficult to understand and yet is highly dynamic. Currently, there are few computational tools that al...},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {Social Science Computer Review},\n\tauthor = {Altaweel, Mark},\n\tmonth = aug,\n\tyear = {2019},\n\tkeywords = {antiquities, conditional random fields, culture, dictionaries, eBay, heritage, machine learning, name entity recognition, natural language processing},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The securitisation of cultural heritage.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Russo, A.; and Giusti, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Journal of Cultural Policy, 25(7): 843–857. November 2019.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n \n \n 2 downloads\n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{russo_securitisation_2019,\n\ttitle = {The securitisation of cultural heritage},\n\tvolume = {25},\n\tissn = {1028-6632, 1477-2833},\n\turl = {https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10286632.2018.1518979},\n\tdoi = {10.1080/10286632.2018.1518979},\n\tabstract = {It is not a novelty for art to come under attack: cultural heritage has always been endangered by wars, conﬂicts and political violence. Since the last century, the international community has started reacting, moved by the concern that these threatened monuments be protected. Lately, cultural heritage can be seen to undergo a veritable crescendo from politicisation to criminalisation and securitisation. Accordingly, this article seeks to analyse the pathway that characterises the international protection of cultural heritage in crisis-torn contexts, employing a discursive lens and mapping the narrative threads that the main international actors have constructed in reaction to recent attacks on archaeological sites (i.e. Palmyra) and historical artefacts, especially in the Middle East (namely Syria and Iraq). After having traced this process, we will oﬀer a tentative explanation of what we consider a process of securitising an under-researched ﬁeld (i.e. cultural heritage).},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {7},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {International Journal of Cultural Policy},\n\tauthor = {Russo, Alessandra and Giusti, Serena},\n\tmonth = nov,\n\tyear = {2019},\n\tkeywords = {cultural heritage, securitisation},\n\tpages = {843--857},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n 2018\n \n \n (44)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Remote assessments of the archaeological heritage situation in Afghanistan.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Hammer, E.; Seifried, R.; Franklin, K.; and Lauricella, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Cultural Heritage, 33: 125–144. September 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Remote$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{hammer_remote_2018,\n\tseries = {Cultural heritage in times of armed conflicts in the {Middle} {East}: {Much} more than material damage?},\n\ttitle = {Remote assessments of the archaeological heritage situation in {Afghanistan}},\n\tvolume = {33},\n\tissn = {1296-2074},\n\turl = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1296207417305393},\n\tdoi = {10.1016/j.culher.2017.12.008},\n\tabstract = {Analysis of spatial and temporal patterns in looting and destruction at archaeological sites using satellite imagery has become a focus of multiple research groups working on cultural heritage in conflict zones, especially in areas controlled by the Islamic State in Syria and Iraq. In this paper, we apply similar methods to investigate looting and destruction at archaeological sites in the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, where Taliban-related cultural heritage destruction events have also frequently made international headlines. Using the time depth provided by high-resolution, time-stamped DigitalGlobe satellite and BuckEye aerial images as well as CORONA and other historical satellite images and maps, we quantitatively document spatial and temporal patterns in destruction from looting, agricultural activity, military occupation, urban growth, mining, and other kinds of development at over 1000 previously known archaeological sites across Afghanistan. This analysis indicates that several common narratives about cultural heritage destruction in Afghanistan may require revision. Specifically, we conclude that significant amounts of systematic looting of archaeological sites in Afghanistan already occurred before Taliban-related conflicts, that there has been little increase in systematic looting in Taliban-controlled areas post-2001, and that the most pressing threats to Afghanistan's heritage sites come from development activities, including agricultural expansion, urban growth, and future mining. The analysis demonstrates that the situation in Afghanistan both parallels and contrasts with that seen in the post-Arab-Spring Middle East.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2020-04-24},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Cultural Heritage},\n\tauthor = {Hammer, Emily and Seifried, Rebecca and Franklin, Kathryn and Lauricella, Anthony},\n\tmonth = sep,\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {Afghanistan, Archaeology, Cultural heritage, Satellite imagery, Spatial analysis},\n\tpages = {125--144},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Application of satellite images for detection of illegal excavation in Puglia (Italy).\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Fabrizio, F.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n SCIRES-IT - SCIentific RESearch and Information Technology, 7(2). January 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Application$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n \n \n 2 downloads\n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{fabrizio_application_2018,\n\ttitle = {Application of satellite images for detection of illegal excavation in {Puglia} ({Italy})},\n\tvolume = {7},\n\tissn = {2239-4303},\n\turl = {http://doi.org/10.2423/i22394303v7n2p43},\n\tdoi = {10.2423/i22394303v7n2p43},\n\tabstract = {The research was conducted on the whole region of Puglia (South of Italy), with particular attention to areas of Tavoliere Foggia (Arpi, Salapia, Siponto). The purpose is to provide an overview on the phenomenon of illegal excavations in Apulia through consultation, photo-interpretation, georeferencing systematic aerial photographs, historical and recent, and satellite images. In particular, the systematic work of photo-interpretation was carried out on strips of historical aerial photo, orthophotos and finally on satellite images through open source programs such as Google Earth, Bing Maps, Flash Earth.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {SCIRES-IT - SCIentific RESearch and Information Technology},\n\tauthor = {Fabrizio, Fabio},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {Apulia, Italy, looting, satellite imagery},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Appraisal of Opportunities and Perspectives for the Systematic Condition Assessment of Heritage Sites with Copernicus Sentinel-2 High-Resolution Multispectral Imagery.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Tapete, D.; and Cigna, F.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Remote Sensing, 10(4): 561. April 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Appraisal$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{tapete_appraisal_2018,\n\ttitle = {Appraisal of {Opportunities} and {Perspectives} for the {Systematic} {Condition} {Assessment} of {Heritage} {Sites} with {Copernicus} {Sentinel}-2 {High}-{Resolution} {Multispectral} {Imagery}},\n\tvolume = {10},\n\tcopyright = {http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/},\n\turl = {https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/4/561},\n\tdoi = {10.3390/rs10040561},\n\tabstract = {Very high-resolution (VHR) optical satellite imagery (≤5 m) is nowadays an established source of information to monitor cultural and archaeological heritage that is exposed to hazards and anthropogenic threats to their conservation, whereas few publications specifically investigate the role that regularly acquired images from high-resolution (HR) satellite sensors (5–30 m) may play in this application domain. This paper aims to appraise the potential of the multispectral constellation Sentinel-2 of the European Commission Earth observation programme Copernicus to detect prominent features and changes in heritage sites, during both ordinary times and crisis. We test the 10 m spatial resolution of the 3 visible spectral bands of Sentinel-2 for substantiation of single local events—that is, wall collapses in the UNESCO World Heritage site of the Old City of Aleppo (Syria)—and for hotspot mapping of recurrent incidents—that is, the archaeological looting in the archaeological site of Apamea (Syria). By screening long Sentinel-2 time series consisting of 114 images for Aleppo and 57 images for Apamea, we demonstrate that changes of textural properties and surface reflectance can be logged accurately in time and space and can be associated to events relevant for conservation. VHR imagery from Google Earth was used for the validation and identification of trends occurring prior to the Sentinel-2 launch. We also demonstrate how to exploit the Sentinel-2 short revisiting time (5 days) and large swath (290 km) for multi-temporal tracking of spatial patterns of urban sprawl across the cultural landscape of the World Heritage Site of Cyrene (Libya), and the three coastal ancient Greek sites of Tocra, Ptolemais, and Apollonia in Cyrenaica. With the future development of tailored machine learning approaches of feature extraction and pattern detection, Sentinel-2 can become extremely useful to screen wider regions with short revisiting times and to undertake comparative condition assessment analyses of different heritage sites.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2020-04-24},\n\tjournal = {Remote Sensing},\n\tauthor = {Tapete, Deodato and Cigna, Francesca},\n\tmonth = apr,\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {Google Earth, Libya, Sentinel-2, Syria, change detection, cultural heritage, damage assessment, feature extraction, multispectral imagery, optical remote sensing, remote sensing},\n\tpages = {561},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n

\n Very high-resolution (VHR) optical satellite imagery (≤5 m) is nowadays an established source of information to monitor cultural and archaeological heritage that is exposed to hazards and anthropogenic threats to their conservation, whereas few publications specifically investigate the role that regularly acquired images from high-resolution (HR) satellite sensors (5–30 m) may play in this application domain. This paper aims to appraise the potential of the multispectral constellation Sentinel-2 of the European Commission Earth observation programme Copernicus to detect prominent features and changes in heritage sites, during both ordinary times and crisis. We test the 10 m spatial resolution of the 3 visible spectral bands of Sentinel-2 for substantiation of single local events—that is, wall collapses in the UNESCO World Heritage site of the Old City of Aleppo (Syria)—and for hotspot mapping of recurrent incidents—that is, the archaeological looting in the archaeological site of Apamea (Syria). By screening long Sentinel-2 time series consisting of 114 images for Aleppo and 57 images for Apamea, we demonstrate that changes of textural properties and surface reflectance can be logged accurately in time and space and can be associated to events relevant for conservation. VHR imagery from Google Earth was used for the validation and identification of trends occurring prior to the Sentinel-2 launch. We also demonstrate how to exploit the Sentinel-2 short revisiting time (5 days) and large swath (290 km) for multi-temporal tracking of spatial patterns of urban sprawl across the cultural landscape of the World Heritage Site of Cyrene (Libya), and the three coastal ancient Greek sites of Tocra, Ptolemais, and Apollonia in Cyrenaica. With the future development of tailored machine learning approaches of feature extraction and pattern detection, Sentinel-2 can become extremely useful to screen wider regions with short revisiting times and to undertake comparative condition assessment analyses of different heritage sites.\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Assessing Looting from Space: The Destruction of Early Iron Age Burials in Northern Xinjiang.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Caspari, G.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Heritage, 1(2): 320–327. December 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Assessing$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{caspari_assessing_2018,\n\ttitle = {Assessing {Looting} from {Space}: {The} {Destruction} of {Early} {Iron} {Age} {Burials} in {Northern} {Xinjiang}},\n\tvolume = {1},\n\tcopyright = {http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/},\n\tshorttitle = {Assessing {Looting} from {Space}},\n\turl = {https://www.mdpi.com/2571-9408/1/2/21},\n\tdoi = {10.3390/heritage1020021},\n\tabstract = {Burial mounds (kurgans) of the Early Iron Age in the steppe zones of Central Asia have long been the target of severe looting activities. Protection of these monuments in remote areas is difficult since accurate mapping is rarely available. We map an area in northern Xinjiang using a combination of high-resolution optical data and on-ground survey to establish a quantitative and qualitative assessment of looting. We find that at least 74.5\\% of burial mounds are looted or otherwise destroyed. Due to the large number of visibly impacted burial mounds, it becomes clear that the bulk of cultural heritage of the Early Iron Age in this area is under threat. The looting, however, continues until present day. Rescue excavation of potentially untouched burials in the area is advisable.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2020-04-24},\n\tjournal = {Heritage},\n\tauthor = {Caspari, Gino},\n\tmonth = dec,\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {Iron Age, Scythian, Xinjiang, burial mound, kurgan, looting, remote sensing, steppe archaeology},\n\tpages = {320--327},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Monitoring the Environmental Risks Around Medinet Habu and Ramesseum Temple at West Luxor, Egypt, Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Elfadaly, A.; Attia, W.; and Lasaponara, R.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory, 25(2): 587–610. June 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Monitoring$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{elfadaly_monitoring_2018,\n\ttitle = {Monitoring the {Environmental} {Risks} {Around} {Medinet} {Habu} and {Ramesseum} {Temple} at {West} {Luxor}, {Egypt}, {Using} {Remote} {Sensing} and {GIS} {Techniques}},\n\tvolume = {25},\n\tissn = {1573-7764},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10816-017-9347-x},\n\tdoi = {10.1007/s10816-017-9347-x},\n\tabstract = {Today, the preservation of cultural heritage is a pressing issue especially for territories subjected to a long period of human action that could adversely influence environment and heritage properties, thus producing a deterioration of archaeological features and alteration of historical landscape. In this paper, the environmental risks and their effects on preservation issues are investigated for the archaeological area of the Luxor city (south of Egypt) where the most famous Temples in Egypt are located. A comprehensive analysis has been conducted for the Ramesseum and Medinet Habu temples considering their building material and characteristics, environmental (geological and hydrological) setting, and past and ongoing changes around the monument areas. Satellite multitemporal images have been used to detect all the changes mainly linked to the expansion of urban and agriculture areas. Results from the analysis conducted along with in situ investigations have suggested that many of the environmental problems around the archaeological areas are coming as a result of urban and agriculture sprawling. Both of them strongly influence the distribution in the levels of groundwater which along with temperature are considered as the main causes of the deterioration process affecting the Medinet Habu and Ramesseum temple. The degree of weathering damage appears to be much more dependent on exposure characteristics of the investigation areas, especially as related to salt weathering processes. Innovative solutions to support the preservation of these temples are herein presented and discussed.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory},\n\tauthor = {Elfadaly, Abdelaziz and Attia, Wael and Lasaponara, Rosa},\n\tmonth = jun,\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {Environmental risks, GIS, Luxor, Medinet Habu, Ramesseum, Remote Sensing},\n\tpages = {587--610},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Space-Based Identification of Archaeological Illegal Excavations and a New Automatic Method for Looting Feature Extraction in Desert Areas.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Lasaponara, R.; and Masini, N.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Surveys in Geophysics, 39(6): 1323–1346. November 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Space-Based$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{lasaponara_space-based_2018,\n\ttitle = {Space-{Based} {Identification} of {Archaeological} {Illegal} {Excavations} and a {New} {Automatic} {Method} for {Looting} {Feature} {Extraction} in {Desert} {Areas}},\n\tvolume = {39},\n\tissn = {1573-0956},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-018-9480-4},\n\tdoi = {10.1007/s10712-018-9480-4},\n\tabstract = {The identification and quantification of disturbance of archaeological sites has been generally approached by visual inspection of optical aerial or satellite pictures. In this paper, we briefly summarize the state of the art of the traditionally satellite-based approaches for looting identification and propose a new automatic method for archaeological looting feature extraction approach (ALFEA). It is based on three steps: the enhancement using spatial autocorrelation, unsupervised classification, and segmentation. ALFEA has been applied to Google Earth images of two test areas, selected in desert environs in Syria (Dura Europos), and in Peru (Cahuachi-Nasca). The reliability of ALFEA was assessed through field surveys in Peru and visual inspection for the Syrian case study. Results from the evaluation procedure showed satisfactory performance from both of the two analysed test cases with a rate of success higher than 90\\%.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {6},\n\turldate = {2020-04-24},\n\tjournal = {Surveys in Geophysics},\n\tauthor = {Lasaponara, Rosa and Masini, Nicola},\n\tmonth = nov,\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {remote sensing},\n\tpages = {1323--1346},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Restitution of Looted Art: What About Access to Justice?.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Grotius Centre for International Legal Studies, University of Leiden Leiden, The Netherlands; and Campfens, E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Santander Art and Culture Law Review, 4(2): 185–220. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Restitution$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n \n \n 1 download\n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{grotius_centre_for_international_legal_studies_university_of_leiden_leiden_the_netherlands_restitution_2018,\n\ttitle = {Restitution of {Looted} {Art}: {What} {About} {Access} to {Justice}?},\n\tvolume = {4},\n\tissn = {2450050X, 2450050X},\n\tshorttitle = {Restitution of {Looted} {Art}},\n\turl = {http://www.ejournals.eu/SAACLR/2018/2-2018/art/14280/},\n\tdoi = {10.4467/2450050XSNR.18.024.10378},\n\tabstract = {While international conventions clearly establish the rule that misappropriated artefacts should be returned, the situation with respect to losses that predate these conventions is highly fragmented. The question of whose interests are given priority in title disputes that regard such losses – those of the former owner or a new possessor – vary per jurisdiction. Given the fragmented situation, international soft-law instruments promote an ethical approach and alternative dispute resolution (ADR) as a way of filling this “gap”. A lack of transparent neutral procedures to implement and clarify soft-law norms has proven problematic in this regard. The questions raised in this paper are: why is ADR necessary; and what about guarantees in terms of access to justice in such an “ethical” framework? Two recent initiatives are discussed in this article: the European Parliament resolution of 17 January 2019 on cross-border restitution claims of works of art and cultural goods looted in armed conflicts and wars; and the newly established Court of Arbitration for Art in The Hague.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Santander Art and Culture Law Review},\n\tauthor = {{Grotius Centre for International Legal Studies, University of Leiden Leiden, The Netherlands} and Campfens, Evelien},\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {art, law, looting, restitution},\n\tpages = {185--220},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The European Union Legal Framework and the Fight against the Illicit Trafficking of Cultural Property Coming from Situations of Armed Conflict.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Law Department, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell’Ateneo Nuovo 1 – 20126 Milano, Italy; and Urbinati, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Santander Art and Culture Law Review, 4(2): 51–70. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n 2 downloads\n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{law_department_university_of_milano-bicocca_piazza_dellateneo_nuovo_1__20126_milano_italy_european_2018,\n\ttitle = {The {European} {Union} {Legal} {Framework} and the {Fight} against the {Illicit} {Trafficking} of {Cultural} {Property} {Coming} from {Situations} of {Armed} {Conflict}},\n\tvolume = {4},\n\tissn = {2450050X, 2450050X},\n\turl = {http://www.ejournals.eu/SAACLR/2018/2-2018/art/14286/},\n\tdoi = {10.4467/2450050XSNR.18.018.10372},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Santander Art and Culture Law Review},\n\tauthor = {{Law Department, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell’Ateneo Nuovo 1 – 20126 Milano, Italy} and Urbinati, Sabrina},\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {EU, conflict, europe, law},\n\tpages = {51--70},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Trafics, vols, fouilles clandestines… Un patrimoine archéologique en perdition.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Delestre, X.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Ministère de la Culture/DRAC PACA, 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@book{delestre_trafics_2018,\n\ttitle = {Trafics, vols, fouilles clandestines… {Un} patrimoine archéologique en perdition},\n\tpublisher = {Ministère de la Culture/DRAC PACA},\n\tauthor = {Delestre, Xavier},\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {art theft, illicit trafficking, looting},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Preservation of Cultural Heritage via Education of Children, Utilizing Visual Communication: Persepolis as a Case Study.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Goodarzparvari, P.; and Bueno Camejo, F. C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n , 9: p.141–151. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{goodarzparvari_preservation_2018,\n\tseries = {Scientific {Research} {Publishing}},\n\ttitle = {Preservation of {Cultural} {Heritage} via {Education} of {Children}, {Utilizing} {Visual} {Communication}: {Persepolis} as a {Case} {Study}},\n\tvolume = {9},\n\tauthor = {Goodarzparvari, Parnaz and Bueno Camejo, Francisco Carlos},\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {Persepolis, case study, education, preservation},\n\tpages = {p.141--151},\n}\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Forensic Archaeometry Applied to Antiquities Trafficking: The Beginnings of an Investigation at the Frontiers of Knowledge.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Collectif; and Reyes Mateo, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n ,p.1–21. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{collectif_forensic_2018,\n\tseries = {{MDPI}-{Arts}},\n\ttitle = {Forensic {Archaeometry} {Applied} to {Antiquities} {Trafficking}: {The} {Beginnings} of an {Investigation} at the {Frontiers} of {Knowledge}},\n\tauthor = {Collectif and Reyes Mateo, Alvaro},\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {forensic, illicit trafficking},\n\tpages = {p.1--21},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Rapport d'activité 2018 Comando Carabinieri TPC.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Parulli, F.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Technical Report 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@techreport{parulli_rapport_2018,\n\ttitle = {Rapport d'activité 2018 {Comando} {Carabinieri} {TPC}},\n\tlanguage = {Italian},\n\tauthor = {Parulli, Fabrizio},\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {Carabinieri, TPC, rapporto},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Protecting Cultural Heritage in Times of Conflict.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n ICCROM/MIBAC\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Technical Report 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@techreport{iccrommibac_protecting_2018,\n\ttitle = {Protecting {Cultural} {Heritage} in {Times} of {Conflict}},\n\tlanguage = {English},\n\tauthor = {ICCROM/MIBAC},\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {conflict, cultural heritage, protection},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n The restitution of African cultural heritage: toward a new relational ethics.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Saar, F.; and Savoy, B.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Ministère de la Culture, 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@book{saar_restitution_2018,\n\ttitle = {The restitution of {African} cultural heritage: toward a new relational ethics},\n\tshorttitle = {The restitution of {African} cultural heritage},\n\tlanguage = {fr},\n\tpublisher = {Ministère de la Culture},\n\tauthor = {Saar, Felwine and Savoy, Bénédicte},\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {Africa, cultural heritage, ethics, restitution},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Understanding ISIS's Destruction of Antiquities as a Rejection of Nationalism.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Jones, C. W.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Eastern Mediterranean Archaeology & Heritage Studies, 6(1-2): 31–58. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Understanding$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{jones_understanding_2018,\n\ttitle = {Understanding {ISIS}'s {Destruction} of {Antiquities} as a {Rejection} of {Nationalism}},\n\tvolume = {6},\n\tissn = {2166-3548},\n\turl = {https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5325/jeasmedarcherstu.6.1-2.0031},\n\tabstract = {This article argues that the campaign of antiquities destruction waged by the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS) should be understood in the context of the group's rejection of the nation-state. The Ba'athist regimes of Iraq and Syria used archaeology not only as a tool to promote national unity but also as an ideological narrative to portray their states as continual recapitulations of their pasts. As a result, the pre-Islamic past came to be associated with secular nationalism. Since the secular state demands obedience to secular law, ISIS views it as idolatrous as it demands allegiance apart from God. The group considers the secular sacralization of antiquities in support of nationalism to be an aspect of this form of idolatry that justifies their destruction. Future efforts at cultural heritage preservation in the region will need to take into account the decline of Arab nationalist movements which once supported them.},\n\tnumber = {1-2},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Eastern Mediterranean Archaeology \\& Heritage Studies},\n\tauthor = {Jones, Christopher W.},\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {Ba'athism, ISIS, cultural heritage, nationalism, salafism, shirk},\n\tpages = {31--58},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Lettre d'information TRACFIN n°16 La lutte contre le blanchiment et le financement du terrorisme dans le secteur de l’art.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n TRACFIN\n\n\n \n\n\n\n 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@misc{tracfin_lettre_2018,\n\ttitle = {Lettre d'information {TRACFIN} n°16 {La} lutte contre le blanchiment et le financement du terrorisme dans le secteur de l’art},\n\tlanguage = {French},\n\tauthor = {TRACFIN},\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {terrorism},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Scenario configurations for the EU as a cultural heritage protection actor in armed conflicts.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Helly, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Cultural Heritage, 33: 271–277. September 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Scenario$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{helly_scenario_2018,\n\ttitle = {Scenario configurations for the {EU} as a cultural heritage protection actor in armed conflicts},\n\tvolume = {33},\n\tissn = {12962074},\n\turl = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1296207417305034},\n\tdoi = {10.1016/j.culher.2018.05.010},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Cultural Heritage},\n\tauthor = {Helly, Damien},\n\tmonth = sep,\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {European Union, Middle East, Protection, Scenarios, conflict},\n\tpages = {271--277},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Reaction and Responses to the Looting and Destruction of Sites in Iraq During the Invasion and Period Of Occupation.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Marston, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal for Semitics, 27(2): 34 pages–34 pages. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Reaction$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{marston_reaction_2018,\n\ttitle = {Reaction and {Responses} to the {Looting} and {Destruction} of {Sites} in {Iraq} {During} the {Invasion} and {Period} {Of} {Occupation}},\n\tvolume = {27},\n\tcopyright = {Copyright (c) 2019 Journal for Semitics},\n\tissn = {2663-6573},\n\turl = {https://upjournals.co.za/index.php/JSEM/article/view/4053},\n\tdoi = {10.25159/1013-8471/4053},\n\tabstract = {The reaction of the international community to the looting of the National Museum and archaeological sites in Iraq was one of outrage; that of the Bush Administration was one of indifference. Although the United States is legally responsible for the looting of the National Museum of Iraq in Baghdad and the looting and destruction of archaeological sites which took place during its occupation of the country, it is doubtful that they will ever face legal sanction},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {Journal for Semitics},\n\tauthor = {Marston, Jane},\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {Looting, Museum theft, destruction of archaeological sites},\n\tpages = {34 pages--34 pages},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Provenance non verificabili nel mercato di antichità romane: case study sui 300 oggetti di più alto valore in vendita in eBay US.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Giovanelli, R.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Archeomafie, X: 115–135. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Provenance$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{giovanelli_provenance_2018,\n\ttitle = {Provenance non verificabili nel mercato di antichità romane: case study sui 300 oggetti di più alto valore in vendita in {eBay} {US}},\n\tvolume = {X},\n\tissn = {2036-4539},\n\turl = {https://www.academia.edu/38310148/Provenance_non_verificabili_nel_mercato_di_antichita_romane_case_study_sui_300_oggetti_di_piu_alto_valore_in_vendita_in_eBay_US},\n\tabstract = {L’avvento degli e-commerce e in particolare del marketplace di eBayUS nel 1995 ha portato con sé la democratizzazione del mercato di antichità, precedentemente riservato a ricchi acquirenti. Le conseguenze immediate sono state sia il proporzionale aumento della devastazione del patrimonio archeologico mondiale sia la diffusione dei falsi, essendosi generato lo spazio per un mercato di oggetti per i quali prima non vi era una richiesta tale da giustificare l’illecito. In questo commercio democratico è possibile acquistare reperti archeologici per cifre che variano da una decina a poche migliaia di dollari, la cui autenticità e la cui provenienza il più delle volte rimangono estremamente dubbie. Dal 2014 si è sviluppata una nuova tendenza, oggi ben visibile e radicata: eBayUS non rappresenta più semplicemente la democratizzazione ma una vera e propria “digitalizzazione” del mercato di antichità, trainata inoltre dalla crescente forza di social media come Facebook e WhatsApp.\nI risultati di questi fenomeni sono dimostrati dai numeri: se nel 2011 l'oggetto venduto al prezzo più alto su eBayUS era un “anello Bizantino in oro”, battuto per 900.00 USD, in questo momento l'oggetto con il più alto prezzo di vendita è una “antica statuetta di Amazone ferita” in terracotta, offerta per 1.750.000 USD. Questa evoluzione, oltre a confermare la ricrescita del mercato delle grandi case d'asta osservata negli ultimi anni, suggerisce la presenza di nuovi attori all'interno del sistema eBayUS.\nLa presente ricerca analizza criticamente la struttura del mercato di antichità circolanti sul marketplace eBayUS da un punto di vista internazionale. Basandosi su un campione di 274 oggetti osservati fra il Novembre 2017 e il Febbraio 2018, verranno messe in luce le problematiche del sistema: in primo luogo con l’analisi della provenance, classificata attraverso una sperimentale scala qualitativa con punteggi progressivi, risultata non dichiarata o non soddisfacente nell’80\\% dei casi e studiando la variabilità dei prezzi di vendita attraverso test statistici ANOVA, dipendente unicamente dalla tipologia degli oggetti.\nIn tal modo si delinea l’aspetto del mercato archeologico attuale su eBayUS e si definiscono le principali criticità, così da porre le basi per lo sviluppo di uno strumento volto al contrasto del mercato illecito di antichità romane, provenienti soprattutto dall’Europa, dal vicino e medio oriente e dal Nord Africa.},\n\tjournal = {Archeomafie},\n\tauthor = {Giovanelli, Riccardo},\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tpages = {115--135},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n L’avvento degli e-commerce e in particolare del marketplace di eBayUS nel 1995 ha portato con sé la democratizzazione del mercato di antichità, precedentemente riservato a ricchi acquirenti. Le conseguenze immediate sono state sia il proporzionale aumento della devastazione del patrimonio archeologico mondiale sia la diffusione dei falsi, essendosi generato lo spazio per un mercato di oggetti per i quali prima non vi era una richiesta tale da giustificare l’illecito. In questo commercio democratico è possibile acquistare reperti archeologici per cifre che variano da una decina a poche migliaia di dollari, la cui autenticità e la cui provenienza il più delle volte rimangono estremamente dubbie. Dal 2014 si è sviluppata una nuova tendenza, oggi ben visibile e radicata: eBayUS non rappresenta più semplicemente la democratizzazione ma una vera e propria “digitalizzazione” del mercato di antichità, trainata inoltre dalla crescente forza di social media come Facebook e WhatsApp. I risultati di questi fenomeni sono dimostrati dai numeri: se nel 2011 l'oggetto venduto al prezzo più alto su eBayUS era un “anello Bizantino in oro”, battuto per 900.00 USD, in questo momento l'oggetto con il più alto prezzo di vendita è una “antica statuetta di Amazone ferita” in terracotta, offerta per 1.750.000 USD. Questa evoluzione, oltre a confermare la ricrescita del mercato delle grandi case d'asta osservata negli ultimi anni, suggerisce la presenza di nuovi attori all'interno del sistema eBayUS. La presente ricerca analizza criticamente la struttura del mercato di antichità circolanti sul marketplace eBayUS da un punto di vista internazionale. Basandosi su un campione di 274 oggetti osservati fra il Novembre 2017 e il Febbraio 2018, verranno messe in luce le problematiche del sistema: in primo luogo con l’analisi della provenance, classificata attraverso una sperimentale scala qualitativa con punteggi progressivi, risultata non dichiarata o non soddisfacente nell’80% dei casi e studiando la variabilità dei prezzi di vendita attraverso test statistici ANOVA, dipendente unicamente dalla tipologia degli oggetti. In tal modo si delinea l’aspetto del mercato archeologico attuale su eBayUS e si definiscono le principali criticità, così da porre le basi per lo sviluppo di uno strumento volto al contrasto del mercato illecito di antichità romane, provenienti soprattutto dall’Europa, dal vicino e medio oriente e dal Nord Africa.\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Provenance non verificabili nel mercato di antichità romane: case study sui 300 oggetti di più alto valore in vendita in eBay US.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Giovanelli, R.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Archeomafie, X: 115–135. 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Provenance$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{giovanelli_provenance_2018,\n\ttitle = {Provenance non verificabili nel mercato di antichità romane: case study sui 300 oggetti di più alto valore in vendita in {eBay} {US}},\n\tvolume = {X},\n\tissn = {2036-4539},\n\turl = {https://www.academia.edu/38310148/Provenance_non_verificabili_nel_mercato_di_antichita_romane_case_study_sui_300_oggetti_di_piu_alto_valore_in_vendita_in_eBay_US},\n\tabstract = {L’avvento degli e-commerce e in particolare del marketplace di eBayUS nel 1995 ha portato con sé la democratizzazione del mercato di antichità, precedentemente riservato a ricchi acquirenti. Le conseguenze immediate sono state sia il proporzionale aumento della devastazione del patrimonio archeologico mondiale sia la diffusione dei falsi, essendosi generato lo spazio per un mercato di oggetti per i quali prima non vi era una richiesta tale da giustificare l’illecito. In questo commercio democratico è possibile acquistare reperti archeologici per cifre che variano da una decina a poche migliaia di dollari, la cui autenticità e la cui provenienza il più delle volte rimangono estremamente dubbie. Dal 2014 si è sviluppata una nuova tendenza, oggi ben visibile e radicata: eBayUS non rappresenta più semplicemente la democratizzazione ma una vera e propria “digitalizzazione” del mercato di antichità, trainata inoltre dalla crescente forza di social media come Facebook e WhatsApp.\nI risultati di questi fenomeni sono dimostrati dai numeri: se nel 2011 l'oggetto venduto al prezzo più alto su eBayUS era un “anello Bizantino in oro”, battuto per 900.00 USD, in questo momento l'oggetto con il più alto prezzo di vendita è una “antica statuetta di Amazone ferita” in terracotta, offerta per 1.750.000 USD. Questa evoluzione, oltre a confermare la ricrescita del mercato delle grandi case d'asta osservata negli ultimi anni, suggerisce la presenza di nuovi attori all'interno del sistema eBayUS.\nLa presente ricerca analizza criticamente la struttura del mercato di antichità circolanti sul marketplace eBayUS da un punto di vista internazionale. Basandosi su un campione di 274 oggetti osservati fra il Novembre 2017 e il Febbraio 2018, verranno messe in luce le problematiche del sistema: in primo luogo con l’analisi della provenance, classificata attraverso una sperimentale scala qualitativa con punteggi progressivi, risultata non dichiarata o non soddisfacente nell’80\\% dei casi e studiando la variabilità dei prezzi di vendita attraverso test statistici ANOVA, dipendente unicamente dalla tipologia degli oggetti.\nIn tal modo si delinea l’aspetto del mercato archeologico attuale su eBayUS e si definiscono le principali criticità, così da porre le basi per lo sviluppo di uno strumento volto al contrasto del mercato illecito di antichità romane, provenienti soprattutto dall’Europa, dal vicino e medio oriente e dal Nord Africa.},\n\tjournal = {Archeomafie},\n\tauthor = {Giovanelli, Riccardo},\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {antiquities market, antiquities trade, archaeology, auction, eBay, internet market, provenance, roman},\n\tpages = {115--135},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n L’avvento degli e-commerce e in particolare del marketplace di eBayUS nel 1995 ha portato con sé la democratizzazione del mercato di antichità, precedentemente riservato a ricchi acquirenti. Le conseguenze immediate sono state sia il proporzionale aumento della devastazione del patrimonio archeologico mondiale sia la diffusione dei falsi, essendosi generato lo spazio per un mercato di oggetti per i quali prima non vi era una richiesta tale da giustificare l’illecito. In questo commercio democratico è possibile acquistare reperti archeologici per cifre che variano da una decina a poche migliaia di dollari, la cui autenticità e la cui provenienza il più delle volte rimangono estremamente dubbie. Dal 2014 si è sviluppata una nuova tendenza, oggi ben visibile e radicata: eBayUS non rappresenta più semplicemente la democratizzazione ma una vera e propria “digitalizzazione” del mercato di antichità, trainata inoltre dalla crescente forza di social media come Facebook e WhatsApp. I risultati di questi fenomeni sono dimostrati dai numeri: se nel 2011 l'oggetto venduto al prezzo più alto su eBayUS era un “anello Bizantino in oro”, battuto per 900.00 USD, in questo momento l'oggetto con il più alto prezzo di vendita è una “antica statuetta di Amazone ferita” in terracotta, offerta per 1.750.000 USD. Questa evoluzione, oltre a confermare la ricrescita del mercato delle grandi case d'asta osservata negli ultimi anni, suggerisce la presenza di nuovi attori all'interno del sistema eBayUS. La presente ricerca analizza criticamente la struttura del mercato di antichità circolanti sul marketplace eBayUS da un punto di vista internazionale. Basandosi su un campione di 274 oggetti osservati fra il Novembre 2017 e il Febbraio 2018, verranno messe in luce le problematiche del sistema: in primo luogo con l’analisi della provenance, classificata attraverso una sperimentale scala qualitativa con punteggi progressivi, risultata non dichiarata o non soddisfacente nell’80% dei casi e studiando la variabilità dei prezzi di vendita attraverso test statistici ANOVA, dipendente unicamente dalla tipologia degli oggetti. In tal modo si delinea l’aspetto del mercato archeologico attuale su eBayUS e si definiscono le principali criticità, così da porre le basi per lo sviluppo di uno strumento volto al contrasto del mercato illecito di antichità romane, provenienti soprattutto dall’Europa, dal vicino e medio oriente e dal Nord Africa.\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The application of different 3D-scan-systems and photogrammetry at an excavation — A Neolithic dolmen from Switzerland.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Siebke, I.; Campana, L.; Ramstein, M.; Furtwängler, A.; Hafner, A.; and Lösch, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage, 10: e00078. September 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{siebke_application_2018,\n\ttitle = {The application of different {3D}-scan-systems and photogrammetry at an excavation — {A} {Neolithic} dolmen from {Switzerland}},\n\tvolume = {10},\n\tissn = {22120548},\n\turl = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2212054817300371},\n\tdoi = {10.1016/j.daach.2018.e00078},\n\tabstract = {The discovery of a Neolithic dolmen in Switzerland with inhumations, dating between 3500 and 3000 BCE, was an exceptional ﬁnding. To provide best conditions for subsequent studies on the archaeological remains our interdisciplinary team decided to apply 3D documentation. Depending on diﬀerent factors, two scanning systems with four scanners and photogrammetry were applied and the obtained data was combined. Detailed excavation plans and simultaneously a reduction of excavation time without loss of information were the result. A virtual animation of the dolmen in its reconstructed ancient appearance combined with the context of the grave goods was created. The 3D documentation provided initial data for anthropological and paleogenetic analyses. The individuals buried in the dolmen might provide novel information to the Neolithic research of central Europe. Additionally, with the help of the 3D data, the dolmen was rebuilt to make this archaeological heritage accessible to the public.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2019-12-19},\n\tjournal = {Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage},\n\tauthor = {Siebke, Inga and Campana, Lorenzo and Ramstein, Marianne and Furtwängler, Anja and Hafner, Albert and Lösch, Sandra},\n\tmonth = sep,\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {3D},\n\tpages = {e00078},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Space-Based Identification of Archaeological Illegal Excavations and a New Automatic Method for Looting Feature Extraction in Desert Areas.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Lasaponara, R.; and Masini, N.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Surveys in Geophysics, 39(6): 1323–1346. November 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Space-Based$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{lasaponara_space-based_2018,\n\ttitle = {Space-{Based} {Identification} of {Archaeological} {Illegal} {Excavations} and a {New} {Automatic} {Method} for {Looting} {Feature} {Extraction} in {Desert} {Areas}},\n\tvolume = {39},\n\tissn = {0169-3298, 1573-0956},\n\turl = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10712-018-9480-4},\n\tdoi = {10.1007/s10712-018-9480-4},\n\tabstract = {The identification and quantification of disturbance of archaeological sites has been generally approached by visual inspection of optical aerial or satellite pictures. In this paper, we briefly summarize the state of the art of the traditionally satellite-based approaches for looting identification and propose a new automatic method for archaeological looting feature extraction approach (ALFEA). It is based on three steps: the enhancement using spatial autocorrelation, unsupervised classification, and segmentation. ALFEA has been applied to Google Earth images of two test areas, selected in desert environs in Syria (Dura Europos), and in Peru (Cahuachi-Nasca). The reliability of ALFEA was assessed through field surveys in Peru and visual inspection for the Syrian case study. Results from the evaluation procedure showed satisfactory performance from both of the two analysed test cases with a rate of success higher than 90\\%.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {6},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Surveys in Geophysics},\n\tauthor = {Lasaponara, Rosa and Masini, Nicola},\n\tmonth = nov,\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {illegal excavations, looting, machine learning, satellite imagery, technologhy},\n\tpages = {1323--1346},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Subsistence Digging in Iran’s Archeology and the Cultural Heritage.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Eisvand, S. F.; Hariri, N.; and Zadeh, A. J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Archaeologies, 14(3): 527–552. December 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Subsistence$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{eisvand_subsistence_2018,\n\ttitle = {Subsistence {Digging} in {Iran}’s {Archeology} and the {Cultural} {Heritage}},\n\tvolume = {14},\n\tissn = {1555-8622, 1935-3987},\n\turl = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11759-018-9350-1},\n\tdoi = {10.1007/s11759-018-9350-1},\n\tabstract = {Subsistence digging is an action taken by people living a region to find antiquities in order to sell them and use resulting proceeds as a means of living. Subsistence digging is the main source of recent excavated cultural materials supplied to the market. The term is tied to the economy and plays an important socioeconomic role in many countries particularly in developing countries throughout the world by solving the starvation problem. Despite of the frequency of digging activities, they have not been investigated and even are not known in Iran so far. To find out the possible reasons behind digging activities and the neglect of the relevant authorities and agencies, this study explores subsistence digging and distinguishes it from looting, a term that is frequently referred to as the looting of cultural heritage in Iran.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Archaeologies},\n\tauthor = {Eisvand, Samaneh Farokhi and Hariri, Nemat and Zadeh, Ardeshir Javanmard},\n\tmonth = dec,\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {Iran, cultural heritage, subsistence digging},\n\tpages = {527--552},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n La lutte contre le vol d’oeuvres d’art.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n belge , S.; and Viviers, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Technical Report 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@techreport{senat_belge_lutte_2018,\n\ttitle = {La lutte contre le vol d’oeuvres d’art},\n\tauthor = {Sénat belge and Viviers, Didier},\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {art crime, illicit trafficking},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Lutte contre le trafic illicite de biens culturels, la recherche de provenance et l’exercice de la diligence requise dans l'union europeenne.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Cornu, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Technical Report March 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@techreport{cornu_lutte_2018,\n\ttitle = {Lutte contre le trafic illicite de biens culturels, la recherche de provenance et l’exercice de la diligence requise dans l'union europeenne},\n\tlanguage = {French},\n\tauthor = {Cornu, Marie},\n\tmonth = mar,\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {due diligence, illicit trafficking, provenance},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Economic Sanctions : Panacea Or Peacebuilding In A Post-cold War World?.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Cortright, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Routledge, March 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Economic$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@book{cortright_economic_2018,\n\ttitle = {Economic {Sanctions} : {Panacea} {Or} {Peacebuilding} {In} {A} {Post}-cold {War} {World}?},\n\tisbn = {9780429493935},\n\tshorttitle = {Economic {Sanctions}},\n\turl = {https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/e/9780429493935},\n\tabstract = {As the challenge of preventing military conflict has become increasingly complex in the post-Cold War era, economic sanctions are being applied with growing},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tpublisher = {Routledge},\n\tauthor = {Cortright, David},\n\tmonth = mar,\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tdoi = {10.4324/9780429493935},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Appraisal of Opportunities and Perspectives for the Systematic Condition Assessment of Heritage Sites with Copernicus Sentinel-2 High-Resolution Multispectral Imagery.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Tapete, D.; and Cigna, F.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Remote Sensing, 10(4): 561. April 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Appraisal$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{tapete_appraisal_2018,\n\ttitle = {Appraisal of {Opportunities} and {Perspectives} for the {Systematic} {Condition} {Assessment} of {Heritage} {Sites} with {Copernicus} {Sentinel}-2 {High}-{Resolution} {Multispectral} {Imagery}},\n\tvolume = {10},\n\tissn = {2072-4292},\n\turl = {http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/4/561},\n\tdoi = {10.3390/rs10040561},\n\tabstract = {Very high-resolution (VHR) optical satellite imagery (≤5 m) is nowadays an established source of information to monitor cultural and archaeological heritage that is exposed to hazards and anthropogenic threats to their conservation, whereas few publications speciﬁcally investigate the role that regularly acquired images from high-resolution (HR) satellite sensors (5–30 m) may play in this application domain. This paper aims to appraise the potential of the multispectral constellation Sentinel-2 of the European Commission Earth observation programme Copernicus to detect prominent features and changes in heritage sites, during both ordinary times and crisis. We test the 10 m spatial resolution of the 3 visible spectral bands of Sentinel-2 for substantiation of single local events—that is, wall collapses in the UNESCO World Heritage site of the Old City of Aleppo (Syria)—and for hotspot mapping of recurrent incidents—that is, the archaeological looting in the archaeological site of Apamea (Syria). By screening long Sentinel-2 time series consisting of 114 images for Aleppo and 57 images for Apamea, we demonstrate that changes of textural properties and surface reﬂectance can be logged accurately in time and space and can be associated to events relevant for conservation. VHR imagery from Google Earth was used for the validation and identiﬁcation of trends occurring prior to the Sentinel-2 launch. We also demonstrate how to exploit the Sentinel-2 short revisiting time (5 days) and large swath (290 km) for multi-temporal tracking of spatial patterns of urban sprawl across the cultural landscape of the World Heritage Site of Cyrene (Libya), and the three coastal ancient Greek sites of Tocra, Ptolemais, and Apollonia in Cyrenaica. With the future development of tailored machine learning approaches of feature extraction and pattern detection, Sentinel-2 can become extremely useful to screen wider regions with short revisiting times and to undertake comparative condition assessment analyses of different heritage sites.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Remote Sensing},\n\tauthor = {Tapete, Deodato and Cigna, Francesca},\n\tmonth = apr,\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {heritage},\n\tpages = {561},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n

\n Very high-resolution (VHR) optical satellite imagery (≤5 m) is nowadays an established source of information to monitor cultural and archaeological heritage that is exposed to hazards and anthropogenic threats to their conservation, whereas few publications speciﬁcally investigate the role that regularly acquired images from high-resolution (HR) satellite sensors (5–30 m) may play in this application domain. This paper aims to appraise the potential of the multispectral constellation Sentinel-2 of the European Commission Earth observation programme Copernicus to detect prominent features and changes in heritage sites, during both ordinary times and crisis. We test the 10 m spatial resolution of the 3 visible spectral bands of Sentinel-2 for substantiation of single local events—that is, wall collapses in the UNESCO World Heritage site of the Old City of Aleppo (Syria)—and for hotspot mapping of recurrent incidents—that is, the archaeological looting in the archaeological site of Apamea (Syria). By screening long Sentinel-2 time series consisting of 114 images for Aleppo and 57 images for Apamea, we demonstrate that changes of textural properties and surface reﬂectance can be logged accurately in time and space and can be associated to events relevant for conservation. VHR imagery from Google Earth was used for the validation and identiﬁcation of trends occurring prior to the Sentinel-2 launch. We also demonstrate how to exploit the Sentinel-2 short revisiting time (5 days) and large swath (290 km) for multi-temporal tracking of spatial patterns of urban sprawl across the cultural landscape of the World Heritage Site of Cyrene (Libya), and the three coastal ancient Greek sites of Tocra, Ptolemais, and Apollonia in Cyrenaica. With the future development of tailored machine learning approaches of feature extraction and pattern detection, Sentinel-2 can become extremely useful to screen wider regions with short revisiting times and to undertake comparative condition assessment analyses of different heritage sites.\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Illegal Excavation and Trade of Syrian Cultural Objects: A View from the Ground.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Brodie, N.; and Sabrine, I.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 43(1): 74–84. January 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n \n \n 1 download\n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{brodie_illegal_2018,\n\ttitle = {The {Illegal} {Excavation} and {Trade} of {Syrian} {Cultural} {Objects}: {A} {View} from the {Ground}},\n\tvolume = {43},\n\tissn = {0093-4690},\n\tshorttitle = {The {Illegal} {Excavation} and {Trade} of {Syrian} {Cultural} {Objects}},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1080/00934690.2017.1410919},\n\tdoi = {10.1080/00934690.2017.1410919},\n\tabstract = {The illegal excavation and trade of cultural objects from Syrian archaeological sites worsened markedly after the outbreak of civil disturbance and conflict in 2011. Since then, the damage to archaeological heritage has been well documented, and the issue of terrorist funding explored, but hardly any research has been conducted into the organization and operation of theft and trafficking of cultural objects inside Syria. As a first step in that direction, this paper presents texts of interviews with seven people resident in Syria who have first-hand knowledge of the trade, and uses information they provided to suggest a model of socioeconomic organization of the Syrian war economy regarding the trafficking of cultural objects. It highlights the importance of coins and other small objects for trade, and concludes by considering what lessons might be drawn from this model to improve presently established public policy.},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Brodie, Neil and Sabrine, Isber},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {Coins, Cultural Objects, Policy, Syria, looting},\n\tpages = {74--84},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Application of satellite images for detection of illegal excavation in Puglia (Italy).\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Fabrizio, F.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n SCIRES-IT - SCIentific RESearch and Information Technology, 7(2). January 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Application$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n \n \n 2 downloads\n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{fabrizio_application_2018,\n\ttitle = {Application of satellite images for detection of illegal excavation in {Puglia} ({Italy})},\n\tvolume = {7},\n\tissn = {2239-4303},\n\turl = {http://doi.org/10.2423/i22394303v7n2p43},\n\tdoi = {10.2423/i22394303v7n2p43},\n\tabstract = {The research was conducted on the whole region of Puglia (South of Italy), with particular attention to areas of Tavoliere Foggia (Arpi, Salapia, Siponto). The purpose is to provide an overview on the phenomenon of illegal excavations in Apulia through consultation, photo-interpretation, georeferencing systematic aerial photographs, historical and recent, and satellite images. In particular, the systematic work of photo-interpretation was carried out on strips of historical aerial photo, orthophotos and finally on satellite images through open source programs such as Google Earth, Bing Maps, Flash Earth.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {SCIRES-IT - SCIentific RESearch and Information Technology},\n\tauthor = {Fabrizio, Fabio},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {Apulia, Italy, looting, satellite imagery},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Le commerce légal et illégal de biens culturels vers et à travers l’europe : faits, conclusions et analyse juridique.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Renold, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Technical Report March 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@techreport{renold_commerce_2018,\n\ttitle = {Le commerce légal et illégal de biens culturels vers et à travers l’europe : faits, conclusions et analyse juridique},\n\tlanguage = {French},\n\tauthor = {Renold, Marc-André},\n\tmonth = mar,\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {antiquities market},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Provenance and identity of a large bronze statue currently in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Pearson, P. N\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of the History of Collections, 30(1): 35–48. March 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Provenance$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{pearson_provenance_2018,\n\ttitle = {Provenance and identity of a large bronze statue currently in the {Metropolitan} {Museum} of {Art}, {New} {York}},\n\tvolume = {30},\n\tissn = {0954-6650, 1477-8564},\n\turl = {https://academic.oup.com/jhc/article/30/1/35/3887233},\n\tdoi = {10.1093/jhc/fhx016},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Journal of the History of Collections},\n\tauthor = {Pearson, Paul N},\n\tmonth = mar,\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {MET, Metropolitan Musuem of Art, provenance},\n\tpages = {35--48},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Crowdsourcing Antiquities Crime Fighting: A Review of GlobalXplorer°.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Yates, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Advances in Archaeological Practice, 6(2): 173–178. May 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Crowdsourcing$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{yates_crowdsourcing_2018,\n\ttitle = {Crowdsourcing {Antiquities} {Crime} {Fighting}: {A} {Review} of {GlobalXplorer}°},\n\tvolume = {6},\n\tissn = {2326-3768},\n\tshorttitle = {Crowdsourcing {Antiquities} {Crime} {Fighting}},\n\turl = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/advances-in-archaeological-practice/article/crowdsourcing-antiquities-crime-fighting/18455B45E9E812EF7A58F8363C1E8546},\n\tdoi = {10.1017/aap.2018.8},\n\tabstract = {In early 2017, Sarah Parcak used her \\$1 million TED Prize to build the GlobalXplorer° platform (https://www.globalxplorer.org) “to identify and quantify looting and encroachment to sites of archaeological and historical importance,” using a crowdsourced “citizen science” methodology popularized by the Zooniverse web portal. GlobalXplorer° invited the public to search satellite imagery from Peru for evidence of looting within 100 m × 100 m squares, training them along the way and gamifying participation. In this review, I test the platform and consider the applicability of GlobalXplorer° as a vector for changing the way that the general public perceives the global illicit trade in cultural objects.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2020-04-02},\n\tjournal = {Advances in Archaeological Practice},\n\tauthor = {Yates, Donna},\n\tmonth = may,\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tpages = {173--178},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Heritage, Crisis, and Community Crime Prevention in Nepal.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Yates, D.; and Mackenzie, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Journal of Cultural Property, 25(2): 203–221. May 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Heritage,$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{yates_heritage_2018,\n\ttitle = {Heritage, {Crisis}, and {Community} {Crime} {Prevention} in {Nepal}},\n\tvolume = {25},\n\tissn = {0940-7391, 1465-7317},\n\turl = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/international-journal-of-cultural-property/article/heritage-crisis-and-community-crime-prevention-in-nepal/DB3115F8F6E232DD10775EAEC84A7ACC},\n\tdoi = {10.1017/S0940739118000140},\n\tabstract = {Following Nepal’s 2015 earthquake, there was speculation that sacred art would be looted from the ruins of severely damaged temples due to a breakdown in formal security. Although pillage did not immediately occur, the months following the earthquake have seen the theft of sacred heritage items. As Nepali sacred art remains under threat of theft, we explore the processes by which government intervention can be destructive of the community dynamic that maintains local crime prevention on an informal and unofficial level. Based on fieldwork conducted in Nepal shortly before and after the earthquake, we ask: can situational crime prevention measures, when imposed in a top-down fashion upon communities by state actors, be corrosive of collective efficacy and, therefore, ultimately self-defeating in crime prevention terms? The case of post-quake Nepal seems to suggest that the answer to this question is, in some circumstances, yes.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2020-04-02},\n\tjournal = {International Journal of Cultural Property},\n\tauthor = {Yates, Donna and Mackenzie, Simon},\n\tmonth = may,\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tpages = {203--221},\n}\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n European cultural heritage strategy for the 21st century.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n de l'Europe , C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Technical Report May 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@techreport{conseil_de_leurope_european_2018,\n\ttitle = {European cultural heritage strategy for the 21st century},\n\tauthor = {Conseil de l'Europe},\n\tmonth = may,\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {europe},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Ancient Artifacts vs. Digital Artifacts: New Tools for Unmasking the Sale of Illicit Antiquities on the Dark Web.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Paul, K. A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Arts, 7(2): 12. June 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Ancient$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{paul_ancient_2018,\n\ttitle = {Ancient {Artifacts} vs. {Digital} {Artifacts}: {New} {Tools} for {Unmasking} the {Sale} of {Illicit} {Antiquities} on the {Dark} {Web}},\n\tvolume = {7},\n\tcopyright = {http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/},\n\tshorttitle = {Ancient {Artifacts} vs. {Digital} {Artifacts}},\n\turl = {https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0752/7/2/12},\n\tdoi = {10.3390/arts7020012},\n\tabstract = {Since the rise of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS, also known as Daesh and ISIL) in 2014, antiquities have been a widely publicized source of funding for what has become one of the most technologically savvy terrorist organizations of the modern era. The globalization of technology and rise of popularity in cryptocurrencies has changed the face of black-market trade and the actors that carry out these crimes. While art and antiquities have long served as a market with susceptibilities to laundering, the emergence of Dark Web markets, identification-masking software, and untraceable cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin have opened new doors to potential vulnerabilities. The anonymity that is offered by these technologies acts as a roadblock for authorities, while attracting the likes of terrorists and transnational criminals. Investigative research using cyber security platforms to identify digital artifacts connected to potential traffickers provides the opportunity to unmask the seemingly untraceable actors behind these activities. The evidence of illicit antiquities trafficking on the Dark Web displayed in this article can generate a new discussion on how and where to study black-market antiquities to gain needed insight into combating the illicit trade online and the transnational criminal groups it may finance.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {Arts},\n\tauthor = {Paul, Katie A.},\n\tmonth = jun,\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {Bitcoin, Dark Web, Deep Web, ISIS, antiquities trafficking, art market, artifacts, cryptocurrency, illicit, terrorism, transnational crime},\n\tpages = {12},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Monitoring the Environmental Risks Around Medinet Habu and Ramesseum Temple at West Luxor, Egypt, Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Elfadaly, A.; Attia, W.; and Lasaponara, R.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory, 25(2): 587–610. June 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Monitoring$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{elfadaly_monitoring_2018,\n\ttitle = {Monitoring the {Environmental} {Risks} {Around} {Medinet} {Habu} and {Ramesseum} {Temple} at {West} {Luxor}, {Egypt}, {Using} {Remote} {Sensing} and {GIS} {Techniques}},\n\tvolume = {25},\n\tissn = {1573-7764},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10816-017-9347-x},\n\tdoi = {10.1007/s10816-017-9347-x},\n\tabstract = {Today, the preservation of cultural heritage is a pressing issue especially for territories subjected to a long period of human action that could adversely influence environment and heritage properties, thus producing a deterioration of archaeological features and alteration of historical landscape. In this paper, the environmental risks and their effects on preservation issues are investigated for the archaeological area of the Luxor city (south of Egypt) where the most famous Temples in Egypt are located. A comprehensive analysis has been conducted for the Ramesseum and Medinet Habu temples considering their building material and characteristics, environmental (geological and hydrological) setting, and past and ongoing changes around the monument areas. Satellite multitemporal images have been used to detect all the changes mainly linked to the expansion of urban and agriculture areas. Results from the analysis conducted along with in situ investigations have suggested that many of the environmental problems around the archaeological areas are coming as a result of urban and agriculture sprawling. Both of them strongly influence the distribution in the levels of groundwater which along with temperature are considered as the main causes of the deterioration process affecting the Medinet Habu and Ramesseum temple. The degree of weathering damage appears to be much more dependent on exposure characteristics of the investigation areas, especially as related to salt weathering processes. Innovative solutions to support the preservation of these temples are herein presented and discussed.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory},\n\tauthor = {Elfadaly, Abdelaziz and Attia, Wael and Lasaponara, Rosa},\n\tmonth = jun,\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {Environmental risks, GIS, Luxor, Medinet Habu, Ramesseum, Remote Sensing},\n\tpages = {587--610},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n ISIS and heritage destruction: a sentiment analysis.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Cunliffe, E.; and Curini, L.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Antiquity, 92(364): 1094–1111. August 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"ISIS$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{cunliffe_isis_2018,\n\ttitle = {{ISIS} and heritage destruction: a sentiment analysis},\n\tvolume = {92},\n\tissn = {0003-598X, 1745-1744},\n\tshorttitle = {{ISIS} and heritage destruction},\n\turl = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/antiquity/article/isis-and-heritage-destruction-a-sentiment-analysis/CDABFFEB67F138A6B96AD45EA05A026E},\n\tdoi = {10.15184/aqy.2018.134},\n\tabstract = {, While periods of war have always seen cultural heritage placed at risk, the recent rise of ISIS has involved the deliberate targeting of heritage sites as part of a broader strategy towards local communities in Syria and Iraq. Using data collated from social media (Twitter), the authors conducted sentiment analysis of reactions to instances of heritage destruction and repurposing in the Middle East between 2015 and 2016. It is hoped that the insights gained can help the international community better tackle terrorism, protecting heritage and supporting affected communities.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {364},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {Antiquity},\n\tauthor = {Cunliffe, Emma and Curini, Luigi},\n\tmonth = aug,\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {Middle East, heritage, sentiment analysis, social media, terrorism},\n\tpages = {1094--1111},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Fleshing Out the Bones: Studying the Human Remains Trade with Tensorflow and Inception.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Huffer, D.; and Graham, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Computer Applications in Archaeology, 1(1): 55–63. May 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Fleshing$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{huffer_fleshing_2018,\n\ttitle = {Fleshing {Out} the {Bones}: {Studying} the {Human} {Remains} {Trade} with {Tensorflow} and {Inception}},\n\tvolume = {1},\n\tissn = {2514-8362},\n\tshorttitle = {Fleshing {Out} the {Bones}},\n\turl = {http://journal.caa-international.org/articles/10.5334/jcaa.8/},\n\tdoi = {10.5334/jcaa.8},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Computer Applications in Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Huffer, Damien and Graham, Shawn},\n\tmonth = may,\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {bones, human remains, instagram, machine learning, social media, tensorflow},\n\tpages = {55--63},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Disentangling Strategic and Opportunistic Looting: The Relationship between Antiquities Looting and Armed Conflict in Egypt.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Fabiani, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Arts, 7(2): 22. June 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Disentangling$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{fabiani_disentangling_2018,\n\ttitle = {Disentangling {Strategic} and {Opportunistic} {Looting}: {The} {Relationship} between {Antiquities} {Looting} and {Armed} {Conflict} in {Egypt}},\n\tvolume = {7},\n\tissn = {2076-0752},\n\tshorttitle = {Disentangling {Strategic} and {Opportunistic} {Looting}},\n\turl = {http://www.mdpi.com/2076-0752/7/2/22},\n\tdoi = {10.3390/arts7020022},\n\tabstract = {Antiquities are looted from archaeological sites across the world, seemingly more often in areas of armed conﬂict. While this is not the only context in which antiquities are looted, it is an important context and one for which much is still unknown. Previously, the relationship between antiquities looting and armed conﬂict has been assessed with qualitative case studies and journalistic evidence due to a lack of systematically collected data. This study considers the relationship between antiquities looting and armed conﬂict in Egypt from 1997 to 2014 with a newly collected time series dataset. Autoregressive Distributed Lag Models (ARDL) with a bounds testing approach are used to assess both the overall relationship between these two phenomena and their temporal ordering. This article ﬁnds that antiquities looting and armed conﬂict are, indeed, statistically related; and that antiquities looting more often precedes armed conﬂict rather than the other way around. This ﬁnding suggests that looting is more strategic than opportunistic. Implications and future directions are discussed.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Arts},\n\tauthor = {Fabiani, Michelle},\n\tmonth = jun,\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {antiquities, conflict, looting, opportunistic looting, strategic looting},\n\tpages = {22},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Quantifying the supply chain for Near Eastern Antiquities in times of war and conflict.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Marrone, J. V.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Cultural Heritage, 33: 278–284. September 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Quantifying$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{marrone_quantifying_2018,\n\tseries = {Cultural heritage in times of armed conflicts in the {Middle} {East}: {Much} more than material damage?},\n\ttitle = {Quantifying the supply chain for {Near} {Eastern} {Antiquities} in times of war and conflict},\n\tvolume = {33},\n\tissn = {1296-2074},\n\turl = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1296207417302960},\n\tdoi = {10.1016/j.culher.2018.02.007},\n\tabstract = {This paper provides the first systematic analysis of a particular norm at major antiquities auctions: selling items in groups. The analysis decomposes large auction lots of Near Eastern antiquities into their constituent items and examines the provenance of items individually. This provides insight into the known supply chain, or provenance, for thousands of items from a region in which archaeological looting has become a particular concern. The analysis shows that items sold in groups constitute a large source of revenue on the market, but are small and come with poor documentation, making them problematic in several ways. A variety of additional analyses show that the market does not price provenance in a way that generates incentives to improve these problematic aspects of the trade. The paper contributes to the understanding of the end market for Middle Eastern cultural heritage, and concludes with implications for public policy, law, and heritage preservation.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Cultural Heritage},\n\tauthor = {Marrone, James V.},\n\tmonth = sep,\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {Antiquities, Art auction, Black market, Cultural heritage, Hedonic regression, Provenance},\n\tpages = {278--284},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Heritage for Sale! The Role of Museums in Promoting Metal Detecting and Looting in Romania.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Ganciu, I.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Heritage, 1(2): 437–452. December 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Heritage$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n \n \n 1 download\n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{ganciu_heritage_2018,\n\ttitle = {Heritage for {Sale}! {The} {Role} of {Museums} in {Promoting} {Metal} {Detecting} and {Looting} in {Romania}},\n\tvolume = {1},\n\tissn = {2571-9408},\n\turl = {http://www.mdpi.com/2571-9408/1/2/29},\n\tdoi = {10.3390/heritage1020029},\n\tabstract = {The phenomenon of metal detecting in Romania is growing rapidly, with more and more cases being registered every year. In a context where there is less money for archaeological research, museums are relying more and more on discoveries made by metal detectorists in order to enrich their collections. This situation encourages the practice, and in time could have damaging effects on the archaeological heritage of Romania. Metal detecting represents an activity that has raised lots of debate, but the authorities have not yet taken action. Thus, this study is necessary: in order to ﬁnd a middle ground between metal detectorists, archaeology, and the institutions responsible for the protection of heritage. Such a middle ground could be a bridge that leads to the better preservation of archaeological heritage in Romania. This study focuses on creating a policy to protect the archaeological sites of Romania, creating awareness among local communities as well as a policy that could be applicable elsewhere in other places that are also involved in this sort of activity.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Heritage},\n\tauthor = {Ganciu, Iulian},\n\tmonth = dec,\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {looting, metal detecting, museums, sale},\n\tpages = {437--452},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Investigating the residents’ attitude towards the preservation of palatial houses built heritage in Chettinad region, Tamil Nadu.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Rajivkumar, S.; and Kesavaperumal, T.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Community Archaeology & Heritage, 5(4): 250–265. October 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Investigating$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{rajivkumar_investigating_2018,\n\ttitle = {Investigating the residents’ attitude towards the preservation of palatial houses built heritage in {Chettinad} region, {Tamil} {Nadu}},\n\tvolume = {5},\n\tissn = {2051-8196},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1080/20518196.2018.1529549},\n\tdoi = {10.1080/20518196.2018.1529549},\n\tabstract = {The Chettinad region of India is unique as one of the few places where evidence of Dravidian architecture exists. At the same time, Dravidian influenced palatial houses in the region are being dismantled and destroyed, fuelling a lucrative trade in their architectural elements as they are exported to western countries and sold on the antiquities market. This study explores Chettinad house owners’ attitudes towards the palatial houses. The main objectives of this study are as follows: (1) To explore what architectural preservation and/or rehabilitation is underway in Chettinad villages and (2) To assess palatial house owners’ attitudes towards architectural heritage preservation. The results of this research show that the owners of these houses are enthusiastic about architectural preservation, but that a number of barriers stand in the way of palatial house preservation. This article ends with recommendations on how the community might come together to preserve this important built heritage.},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Community Archaeology \\& Heritage},\n\tauthor = {Rajivkumar, Seetha and Kesavaperumal, Thirumaran},\n\tmonth = oct,\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {Built heritage, Chettinad region, economic pressure, palatial houses, preservation},\n\tpages = {250--265},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Assessing Looting from Space: The Destruction of Early Iron Age Burials in Northern Xinjiang.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Caspari, G.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Heritage, 1(2): 320–327. November 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Assessing$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{caspari_assessing_2018,\n\ttitle = {Assessing {Looting} from {Space}: {The} {Destruction} of {Early} {Iron} {Age} {Burials} in {Northern} {Xinjiang}},\n\tvolume = {1},\n\tissn = {2571-9408},\n\tshorttitle = {Assessing {Looting} from {Space}},\n\turl = {http://www.mdpi.com/2571-9408/1/2/21},\n\tdoi = {10.3390/heritage1020021},\n\tabstract = {Burial mounds (kurgans) of the Early Iron Age in the steppe zones of Central Asia have long been the target of severe looting activities. Protection of these monuments in remote areas is difﬁcult since accurate mapping is rarely available. We map an area in northern Xinjiang using a combination of high-resolution optical data and on-ground survey to establish a quantitative and qualitative assessment of looting. We ﬁnd that at least 74.5\\% of burial mounds are looted or otherwise destroyed. Due to the large number of visibly impacted burial mounds, it becomes clear that the bulk of cultural heritage of the Early Iron Age in this area is under threat. The looting, however, continues until present day. Rescue excavation of potentially untouched burials in the area is advisable.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Heritage},\n\tauthor = {Caspari, Gino},\n\tmonth = nov,\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {China, Xinjiang, looting, satellite imagery},\n\tpages = {320--327},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Identifying sites at risk from illicit metal detecting: from CRAVED to HOPPER.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Grove, L.; Daubney, A.; and Booth, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Journal of Heritage Studies, 24(10): 1038–1052. November 2018.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Identifying$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{grove_identifying_2018,\n\ttitle = {Identifying sites at risk from illicit metal detecting: from {CRAVED} to {HOPPER}},\n\tvolume = {24},\n\tissn = {1352-7258},\n\tshorttitle = {Identifying sites at risk from illicit metal detecting},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1080/13527258.2018.1475408},\n\tdoi = {10.1080/13527258.2018.1475408},\n\tabstract = {Archaeological sites are at risk from acquisitive crime: this paper focuses in particular on illicit metal detecting. The effects of theft in this context are not merely financial, but have devastating impact on our knowledge and understanding of the site. Even where items are later recovered, we lose the vital clues about the precise context of an object. We therefore need to reduce the risk of theft occurring in the first place.This paper draws on case studies from England and presents a new methodology to assess which archaeological sites may be at risk from illicit metal detecting: ‘HOPPER’ identifies the characteristics of sites likely to be targeted by offenders looking for antiquities. In brief: History (a history of finds at the site); Open (the site has physical public access, and/or is documented in the public domain); Protection (protected status can act as a beacon for offenders); Publicity (site is known about or receiving new attention); Evasion (there are known ways to escape apprehension); and Repeat victimisation (The site has been a target before). The impact of HOPPER will be its use in the field to develop a pragmatic risk assessment applicable both in a local and international context.},\n\tnumber = {10},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {International Journal of Heritage Studies},\n\tauthor = {Grove, Louise and Daubney, Adam and Booth, Alasdair},\n\tmonth = nov,\n\tyear = {2018},\n\tkeywords = {Archaeology, Crime Prevention, Heritage crime, metal detecting, portable antiquities},\n\tpages = {1038--1052},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Optical Remote Sensing Potentials for Looting Detection.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Agapiou, A.; Lysandrou, V.; and Hadjimitsis, D. G.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Geosciences, 7(4): 98. December 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Optical$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{agapiou_optical_2017,\n\ttitle = {Optical {Remote} {Sensing} {Potentials} for {Looting} {Detection}},\n\tvolume = {7},\n\tcopyright = {http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/},\n\turl = {https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3263/7/4/98},\n\tdoi = {10.3390/geosciences7040098},\n\tabstract = {Looting of archaeological sites is illegal and considered a major anthropogenic threat for cultural heritage, entailing undesirable and irreversible damage at several levels, such as landscape disturbance, heritage destruction, and adverse social impact. In recent years, the employment of remote sensing technologies using ground-based and/or space-based sensors has assisted in dealing with this issue. Novel remote sensing techniques have tackled heritage destruction occurring in  war-conflicted areas, as well as illicit archeological activity in vast areas of archaeological interest with limited surveillance. The damage performed by illegal activities, as well as the scarcity of reliable information are some of the major concerns that local stakeholders are facing today. This study discusses the potential use of remote sensing technologies based on the results obtained for the archaeological landscape of Ayios Mnason in Politiko village, located in Nicosia district, Cyprus. In this area, more than ten looted tombs have been recorded in the last decade, indicating  small-scale, but still systematic, looting. The image analysis, including vegetation indices, fusion, automatic extraction after object-oriented classification, etc., was based on high-resolution WorldView-2 multispectral satellite imagery and RGB high-resolution aerial orthorectified images. Google Earth© images were also used to map and diachronically observe the site. The current research also discusses the potential for wider application of the presented methodology, acting as an early warning system, in an effort to establish a systematic monitoring tool for archaeological areas in Cyprus facing similar threats.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2020-04-24},\n\tjournal = {Geosciences},\n\tauthor = {Agapiou, Athos and Lysandrou, Vasiliki and Hadjimitsis, Diofantos G.},\n\tmonth = dec,\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tkeywords = {Cyprus, image analysis, looting, remote sensing, remote sensing archaeology, satellite data},\n\tpages = {98},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Algorithmic Identification of Looted Archaeological Sites from Space.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Bowen, E. F. W.; Tofel, B. B.; Parcak, S.; and Granger, R.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Frontiers in ICT, 4. 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Algorithmic$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{bowen_algorithmic_2017,\n\ttitle = {Algorithmic {Identification} of {Looted} {Archaeological} {Sites} from {Space}},\n\tvolume = {4},\n\tissn = {2297-198X},\n\turl = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fict.2017.00004/full},\n\tdoi = {10.3389/fict.2017.00004},\n\tabstract = {In response to widespread looting of archaeological sites, archaeologists have used satellite imagery to enable the investigation of looting of affected archaeological sites. Such analyses often require time-consuming direct human interpretation of images, with the potential for human-induced error. We introduce a novel automated image processing mechanism applied to the analysis of very high resolution panchromatic satellite images, and demonstrate its ability to identify damage at archaeological sites with high accuracy and low false-positive rates compared to standard image classification methods. This has great potential for large scale applications whereby country-wide satellite datasets can be batch processed to find looting hotspots. Time is running out for many archaeological sites in the Middle East and elsewhere, and this mechanism fills a needed gap for locating looting damage in a cost and time efficient manner, with potential global applications.},\n\tlanguage = {English},\n\turldate = {2020-04-24},\n\tjournal = {Frontiers in ICT},\n\tauthor = {Bowen, Elijah F. W. and Tofel, Brett B. and Parcak, Sarah and Granger, Richard},\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tkeywords = {Archaeology, Automation, Egypt, Looting, Machine Vision, computational analysis, heritage, high resolution, remote sensing},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Satellite imagery-based monitoring of archaeological site damage in the Syrian civil war.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Casana, J.; and Laugier, E. J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n PLOS ONE, 12(11): e0188589. November 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Satellite$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{casana_satellite_2017,\n\ttitle = {Satellite imagery-based monitoring of archaeological site damage in the {Syrian} civil war},\n\tvolume = {12},\n\tissn = {1932-6203},\n\turl = {https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0188589},\n\tdoi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0188589},\n\tabstract = {Since the start of the Syrian civil war in 2011, the rich archaeological heritage of Syria and northern Iraq has faced severe threats, including looting, combat-related damage, and intentional demolition of monuments. However, the inaccessibility of the conflict zone to archaeologists or cultural heritage specialists has made it difficult to produce accurate damage assessments, impeding efforts to develop mitigation strategies and policies. This paper presents results of a project, undertaken in collaboration with the American Schools of Oriental Research (ASOR) and the US Department of State, to monitor damage to archaeological sites in Syria, northern Iraq, and southern Turkey using recent, high-resolution satellite imagery. Leveraging a large database of archaeological and heritage sites throughout the region, as well as access to continually updated satellite imagery from DigitalGlobe, this project has developed a flexible and efficient methodology to log observations of damage in a manner that facilitates spatial and temporal queries. With nearly 5000 sites carefully evaluated, analysis reveals unexpected patterns in the timing, severity, and location of damage, helping us to better understand the evolving cultural heritage crisis in Syria and Iraq. Results also offer a model for future remote sensing-based archaeological and heritage monitoring efforts in the Middle East and beyond.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {11},\n\turldate = {2020-04-24},\n\tjournal = {PLOS ONE},\n\tauthor = {Casana, Jesse and Laugier, Elise Jakoby},\n\tmonth = nov,\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tkeywords = {Archaeology, Culture, Geological surveys, Iraq, Remote sensing, Syria, Turkey (country), War and civil unrest},\n\tpages = {e0188589},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The American Schools of Oriental Research Cultural Heritage Initiatives: Monitoring Cultural Heritage in Syria and Northern Iraq by Geospatial Imagery.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Danti, M.; Branting, S.; and Penacho, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Geosciences, 7(4): 95. December 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{danti_american_2017,\n\ttitle = {The {American} {Schools} of {Oriental} {Research} {Cultural} {Heritage} {Initiatives}: {Monitoring} {Cultural} {Heritage} in {Syria} and {Northern} {Iraq} by {Geospatial} {Imagery}},\n\tvolume = {7},\n\tcopyright = {http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/},\n\tshorttitle = {The {American} {Schools} of {Oriental} {Research} {Cultural} {Heritage} {Initiatives}},\n\turl = {https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3263/7/4/95},\n\tdoi = {10.3390/geosciences7040095},\n\tabstract = {The American Schools of Oriental Research Cultural Heritage Initiatives (ASOR CHI) continues to address the cultural heritage crisis in Syria and Northern Iraq by: (1) monitoring, reporting, and fact-finding; (2) promoting global awareness; and (3) conducting emergency response projects and developing post-conflict rehabilitation plans. As part of this mission, ASOR CHI, through a public–government collaboration with the United States of America (US) Department of State, has been provided with access to hundreds of thousands of satellite images, some within 24 h of the image being taken, in order to assess reports of damage to cultural heritage sites, to discover unreported damage, and to evaluate the impacts of such incidents. This work is being done across an inventory of over 13,000 cultural heritage sites in the affected regions. The available dataset of satellite imagery is significantly larger than the scales that geospatial specialists within archaeology have dealt with in the past. This has necessitated a rethinking of how the project uses satellite imagery and how ASOR CHI and future projects can more effectively undertake the important work of cultural heritage monitoring and damage assessment.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2020-04-24},\n\tjournal = {Geosciences},\n\tauthor = {Danti, Michael and Branting, Scott and Penacho, Susan},\n\tmonth = dec,\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tkeywords = {Iraq, Mosul, Nimrud, Palmyra, Syria, condition assessment, conflict, crowd-sourcing information, endangered cultural heritage, large dataset, real-time processing, remote sensing},\n\tpages = {95},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Geoarchaeological remote sensing survey for cultural heritage management. Case study from Byblos (Jbail, Lebanon).\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Deroin, J.; Bou Kheir, R.; and Abdallah, C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Cultural Heritage, 23: 37–43. March 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Geoarchaeological$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{deroin_geoarchaeological_2017,\n\ttitle = {Geoarchaeological remote sensing survey for cultural heritage management. {Case} study from {Byblos} ({Jbail}, {Lebanon})},\n\tvolume = {23},\n\tissn = {12962074},\n\turl = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1296207416300644},\n\tdoi = {10.1016/j.culher.2016.04.014},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Cultural Heritage},\n\tauthor = {Deroin, Jean-Paul and Bou Kheir, Rania and Abdallah, Chadi},\n\tmonth = mar,\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tkeywords = {Byblos, Corona, Geo-Eye, Geoarchaeology, Ikonos, Lebanon, Orbview 3, Remote Sensing, VHR satellites},\n\tpages = {37--43},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n A race against time: monitoring the necropolis and the territory of Cyrene and Giarabub through protocols of remote sensing and collaboration with Libyan colleagues.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Menozzi, O.; Valerio, E. D.; Tamburrino, C.; Shariff, A. S.; d'Ercole , V.; and Antonio, M. G. D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Libyan Studies, 48: 69–103. November 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"A$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{menozzi_race_2017,\n\ttitle = {A race against time: monitoring the necropolis and the territory of {Cyrene} and {Giarabub} through protocols of remote sensing and collaboration with {Libyan} colleagues},\n\tvolume = {48},\n\tissn = {0263-7189, 2052-6148},\n\tshorttitle = {A race against time},\n\turl = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/libyan-studies/article/race-against-time-monitoring-the-necropolis-and-the-territory-of-cyrene-and-giarabub-through-protocols-of-remote-sensing-and-collaboration-with-libyan-colleagues/7334A01104BF8005EAB5063164A4E09E},\n\tdoi = {10.1017/lis.2017.13},\n\tabstract = {The core area of Cyrene, despite recent upheavals, benefits from well-managed controls and fences that so far seem to have stopped the looting, although not the vandalism. These fences act mainly as a psychological barrier; for the local people, everything inside the fences is seen as ‘more important’ than what is outside. However, it is impossible to enclose all the monumental tombs, rock-cut sanctuaries and ancient farms and fortifications. The first type of damage we see is due to looting, which is increasing, and acts of vandalism. The lack of regulation and police control as well as increased urbanisation have caused a lot of uncontrolled building, causing the further destruction of large sections of the necropolis. A second type of damage is due to the lack of maintenance. In order to help restore the sites, the Universities of Urbino, Chieti, Roma 3, Naples 2 and the Mission of the MIBACT at Giarabub, in collaboration with the DoA, have organised courses on ‘Rescue restoration in emergency’. Despite the growing number of inspectors and technicians in Cyrene, there are still not enough archaeologists, guards or restorers. This paper explains these general issues and, as a case study, the remote but important area of Giarabub.\n, \nتستفيد منطقة مركز القيروان من الضوابط والأسيجة المُحكمة الإدارة بالرغم من الاضطرابات الحديثة، مما أوقف النهب ولكن ليس التخريب . يعمل السياج كرادع نفسي بشكل رئيسي : بالنسبة للسكان المحليين فإن أي شيء داخل السياج يعتبر أكثر أهمية مما هو خارجه . ولكن من المستحيل تسييج جميع القبور الضخمة والمقدسات المحفورة بالصخر والمزارع القديمة والتحصينات . أول أنواع الضرر الذي نشاهده هو بسبب النهب المتزايد والأعمال التخريبية . إن إفتقار تطبيق القوانين وعدم سيطرة الشرطة والعمران المتزايد قد سببوا وجود العديد من الأبنية غير المضبوطة، مما سبب مزيداً من الدمار لأجزاء كبيرة من المقابر.\nوالنوع الثاني من الدمار يعود إلى نقص الصيانة. من أجل المساعدة في ترميم المواقع، فقد نظمت جامعات إربينو وكييتي وروما 3 ونيابلز 2 وبعثة وزارة التراث الثقافي والأنشطة والسياحة في جغبوب وبالتعاون مع دائرة الآثار، دورات في "الترميم الإنقاذي في حالات الطوارئ ". وبالرغم من العدد المتزايد للمفتشين والتقنيين في القيروان، لا يوجد العدد الكافي من علماء الآثار والحراس والمرممين. هذه الورقة تشرح هذه المواضيع العامة وكحالة دراسة، تشرح عن منطقة جغبوب الهامة على الرغم من بعدها.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2020-04-24},\n\tjournal = {Libyan Studies},\n\tauthor = {Menozzi, Oliva and Valerio, Eugenio Di and Tamburrino, Clara and Shariff, Abdulrahim Saleh and d'Ercole, Vincenzo and Antonio, Maria Giorgia Di},\n\tmonth = nov,\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tkeywords = {remote sensing},\n\tpages = {69--103},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n The core area of Cyrene, despite recent upheavals, benefits from well-managed controls and fences that so far seem to have stopped the looting, although not the vandalism. These fences act mainly as a psychological barrier; for the local people, everything inside the fences is seen as ‘more important’ than what is outside. However, it is impossible to enclose all the monumental tombs, rock-cut sanctuaries and ancient farms and fortifications. The first type of damage we see is due to looting, which is increasing, and acts of vandalism. The lack of regulation and police control as well as increased urbanisation have caused a lot of uncontrolled building, causing the further destruction of large sections of the necropolis. A second type of damage is due to the lack of maintenance. In order to help restore the sites, the Universities of Urbino, Chieti, Roma 3, Naples 2 and the Mission of the MIBACT at Giarabub, in collaboration with the DoA, have organised courses on ‘Rescue restoration in emergency’. Despite the growing number of inspectors and technicians in Cyrene, there are still not enough archaeologists, guards or restorers. This paper explains these general issues and, as a case study, the remote but important area of Giarabub. , تستفيد منطقة مركز القيروان من الضوابط والأسيجة المُحكمة الإدارة بالرغم من الاضطرابات الحديثة، مما أوقف النهب ولكن ليس التخريب . يعمل السياج كرادع نفسي بشكل رئيسي : بالنسبة للسكان المحليين فإن أي شيء داخل السياج يعتبر أكثر أهمية مما هو خارجه . ولكن من المستحيل تسييج جميع القبور الضخمة والمقدسات المحفورة بالصخر والمزارع القديمة والتحصينات . أول أنواع الضرر الذي نشاهده هو بسبب النهب المتزايد والأعمال التخريبية . إن إفتقار تطبيق القوانين وعدم سيطرة الشرطة والعمران المتزايد قد سببوا وجود العديد من الأبنية غير المضبوطة، مما سبب مزيداً من الدمار لأجزاء كبيرة من المقابر. والنوع الثاني من الدمار يعود إلى نقص الصيانة. من أجل المساعدة في ترميم المواقع، فقد نظمت جامعات إربينو وكييتي وروما 3 ونيابلز 2 وبعثة وزارة التراث الثقافي والأنشطة والسياحة في جغبوب وبالتعاون مع دائرة الآثار، دورات في \"الترميم الإنقاذي في حالات الطوارئ \". وبالرغم من العدد المتزايد للمفتشين والتقنيين في القيروان، لا يوجد العدد الكافي من علماء الآثار والحراس والمرممين. هذه الورقة تشرح هذه المواضيع العامة وكحالة دراسة، تشرح عن منطقة جغبوب الهامة على الرغم من بعدها.\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Semi-automated detection of looting in Afghanistan using multispectral imagery and principal component analysis.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Lauricella, A.; Cannon, J.; Branting, S.; and Hammer, E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Antiquity, 91(359): 1344–1355. October 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Semi-automated$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{lauricella_semi-automated_2017,\n\ttitle = {Semi-automated detection of looting in {Afghanistan} using multispectral imagery and principal component analysis},\n\tvolume = {91},\n\tissn = {0003-598X, 1745-1744},\n\turl = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/antiquity/article/semiautomated-detection-of-looting-in-afghanistan-using-multispectral-imagery-and-principal-component-analysis/A649663703443DBAB767D434587BBB1C},\n\tdoi = {10.15184/aqy.2017.90},\n\tabstract = {, \nHigh-resolution satellite imagery has proved to be a powerful tool for calculating the extent of looting at heritage sites in conflict zones around the world. Monitoring damage over time, however, has been largely dependent upon laborious and error-prone manual comparisons of satellite imagery taken at different dates. The semi-automated detection process presented here offers a more expedient and accurate method for monitoring looting activities over time, as evidenced at the site of Ai Khanoum in Afghanistan. It is hoped that this method, which relies upon multispectral imagery and principal component analysis, may be adapted to great effect for use in other areas where heritage loss is of significant concern.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {359},\n\turldate = {2020-04-24},\n\tjournal = {Antiquity},\n\tauthor = {Lauricella, Anthony and Cannon, Joshua and Branting, Scott and Hammer, Emily},\n\tmonth = oct,\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tkeywords = {Afghanistan, heritage preservation, looting, multispectral imagery, principal component analysis, remote sensing, satellite imagery},\n\tpages = {1344--1355},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n From Above and on the Ground: Geospatial Methods for Recording Endangered Archaeology in the Middle East and North Africa.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Rayne, L.; Bradbury, J.; Mattingly, D.; Philip, G.; Bewley, R.; and Wilson, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Geosciences, 7(4): 100. October 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"From$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{rayne_above_2017,\n\ttitle = {From {Above} and on the {Ground}: {Geospatial} {Methods} for {Recording} {Endangered} {Archaeology} in the {Middle} {East} and {North} {Africa}},\n\tvolume = {7},\n\tissn = {2076-3263},\n\tshorttitle = {From {Above} and on the {Ground}},\n\turl = {http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3263/7/4/100},\n\tdoi = {10.3390/geosciences7040100},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {Geosciences},\n\tauthor = {Rayne, Louise and Bradbury, Jennie and Mattingly, David and Philip, Graham and Bewley, Robert and Wilson, Andrew},\n\tmonth = oct,\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tkeywords = {Archaeology, Cultural heritage, Middle east, North Africa, Remote Sensing},\n\tpages = {100},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Ambivalent Pasts: Colonial History and the Theatricalities of Ethnographic Display.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Bachmann, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Theatre Journal, 69(3): 299–319. 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Ambivalent$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n 1 download\n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{bachmann_ambivalent_2017,\n\ttitle = {Ambivalent {Pasts}: {Colonial} {History} and the {Theatricalities} of {Ethnographic} {Display}},\n\tvolume = {69},\n\tissn = {1086-332X},\n\tshorttitle = {Ambivalent {Pasts}},\n\turl = {https://muse.jhu.edu/article/670579},\n\tdoi = {10.1353/tj.2017.0043},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Theatre Journal},\n\tauthor = {Bachmann, Michael},\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tkeywords = {colonialism, ethnography, muesum},\n\tpages = {299--319},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n What is Grey about the \"Grey Market\" in Antiquities?.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Mackenzie, S.; and Yates, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n In The Architecture of Illegal Markets Towards an Economic Sociology of Illegality in the Economy, pages p.70–86. 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@incollection{mackenzie_what_2017,\n\ttitle = {What is {Grey} about the "{Grey} {Market}" in {Antiquities}?},\n\tlanguage = {English},\n\tbooktitle = {The {Architecture} of {Illegal} {Markets} {Towards} an {Economic} {Sociology} of {Illegality} in the {Economy}},\n\tauthor = {Mackenzie, Simon and Yates, Donna},\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tkeywords = {antiquities, antiquities market, antiquities trade, grey market},\n\tpages = {p.70--86},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Protecting cultural objects: before and after 1970.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n O'Keefe, P. J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Institute of Art and Law, Crickadarn, Builth Wells, UK, 2017.\n OCLC: ocn981994893\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@book{okeefe_protecting_2017,\n\taddress = {Crickadarn, Builth Wells, UK},\n\ttitle = {Protecting cultural objects: before and after 1970},\n\tisbn = {9781903987391 9781903987384},\n\tshorttitle = {Protecting cultural objects},\n\tabstract = {This book provides a comprehensive analysis not only of the 1970 UNESCO Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property, but of the historical background that led to the adoption of the Convention and of the ways in which it is implemented around the world. It also includes the texts of other significant legal instruments which seek to provide international protection for cultural objects. Theft and illicit traffic in objects of cultural heritage cause major problems for protection and conservation. This is so whether they come from archaeological sites, museum collections, private houses or elsewhere. However, how to deal with these problems is difficult, particularly when the objects have been transported from one country to another. There are practical difficulties, such as identification and who pays for the investigative work, prosecution, and return of the objects. Overlaying all are the legal standards used to determine who the owner is and whether the objects should be returned. When UNESCO adopted the Convention in 1970 it was a truly significant event in the protection of cultural objects. This book studies the developments which led to its creation, and how it has been interpreted and implemented. The birth of the Convention led to a range of other instruments and techniques to protect cultural objects. Some have been successful, some not so. These later instruments are studied here with suggestions for improvement. The final chapter looks to the issue of return; the mechanics of which received little attention in 1970},\n\tpublisher = {Institute of Art and Law},\n\tauthor = {O'Keefe, Patrick J.},\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tnote = {OCLC: ocn981994893},\n\tkeywords = {Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export, and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property (1970), Cultural property, Protection (International law), Protection Law and legislation},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Predatory Museum.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Maranda, L.; and Brulon, B.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n ICOFOM Study Series [Online], 45. 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{maranda_predatory_2017,\n\ttitle = {The {Predatory} {Museum}},\n\tvolume = {45},\n\turl = {http://journals.openedition.org/iss/290},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2019-04-20},\n\tjournal = {ICOFOM Study Series [Online]},\n\tauthor = {Maranda, Lynn and Brulon, Bruno},\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tkeywords = {colonialism, museum},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Cylinder Seal Sales at Sotheby’s and Christie’s (1985–2013).\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Brodie, N.; and Manivet, P.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n ,p. 3–16. 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{brodie_cylinder_2017,\n\tseries = {Journal of {Art} {Crime}},\n\ttitle = {Cylinder {Seal} {Sales} at {Sotheby}’s and {Christie}’s (1985–2013)},\n\tlanguage = {English},\n\tauthor = {Brodie, Neil and Manivet, Palmyre},\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tkeywords = {Christie's, Sotheny's, auction, cylinder seal, sales},\n\tpages = {p. 3--16},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Code d'éthique de la fondation ALIPH (Alliance internationale pour la protection du patrimoine dans les zones en conflit).\n \n \n \n\n\n \n ALIPH\n\n\n \n\n\n\n 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@misc{aliph_code_2017,\n\ttitle = {Code d'éthique de la fondation {ALIPH} ({Alliance} internationale pour la protection du patrimoine dans les zones en conflit)},\n\tauthor = {ALIPH},\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tkeywords = {ALIPH, conflict, cultural heritage, ethics, protection},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n The looting of archaeological heritage (Part 1).\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Temiño, I. R.; Yates, D.; Deckers, P.; Tantaleán, H.; Ulst, I.; Nava, P. F. S.; and Musteata, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n AP: Online Journal in Public Archaeology, 3: 5–45. 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{temino_looting_2017,\n\ttitle = {The looting of archaeological heritage ({Part} 1)},\n\tvolume = {3},\n\tjournal = {AP: Online Journal in Public Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Temiño, Ignacio Rodríguez and Yates, Donna and Deckers, Pieterjan and Tantaleán, Henry and Ulst, Ingrid and Nava, Pedro Francisco Sánchez and Musteata, Sergiu},\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tpages = {5--45},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Reconstructing Cultural Heritage in Conflict Zones: Should Palmyra be Rebuilt?.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Munawar, N. A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n EX NOVO Journal of Archaeology, 2(December): 33–48. 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Reconstructing$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{munawar_reconstructing_2017,\n\ttitle = {Reconstructing {Cultural} {Heritage} in {Conflict} {Zones}: {Should} {Palmyra} be {Rebuilt}?},\n\tvolume = {2},\n\tissn = {2531-8810},\n\tshorttitle = {Reconstructing {Cultural} {Heritage} in {Conflict} {Zones}},\n\turl = {https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/b07f547f-6d7f-3f1d-bc00-1e249c1ef564/},\n\tabstract = {(2017) Munawar. EX NOVO Journal of Archaeology. Cultural heritage has fallen under the threat of being of damaged and/or erased due to armed conflicts, and destruction has increasingly become a maj...},\n\tlanguage = {en-GB},\n\tnumber = {December},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {EX NOVO Journal of Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Munawar, Nour A.},\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tkeywords = {Palmyra, Syria, conflict, cultural heritage, reconstruction},\n\tpages = {33--48},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Rebuilding Palmyra virtually: Recreation of its former glory in digital space.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Denker, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Virtual Archaeology Review, 8(17): 20–30. 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Rebuilding$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{denker_rebuilding_2017,\n\ttitle = {Rebuilding {Palmyra} virtually: {Recreation} of its former glory in digital space},\n\tvolume = {8},\n\tissn = {19899947},\n\tshorttitle = {Rebuilding {Palmyra} virtually},\n\turl = {https://polipapers.upv.es/index.php/var/article/view/5963},\n\tdoi = {10.4995/var.2017.5963},\n\tabstract = {(2017) Denker. Virtual Archaeology Review. This paper addresses the role of the digital tools and methods in the preservation of cultural heritage. As the destruction of Palmyra made international ...},\n\tlanguage = {en-GB},\n\tnumber = {17},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {Virtual Archaeology Review},\n\tauthor = {Denker, Ahmet},\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tpages = {20--30},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Geoarchaeological remote sensing survey for cultural heritage management. Case study from Byblos (Jbail, Lebanon).\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Deroin, J.; Bou Kheir, R.; and Abdallah, C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Cultural Heritage, 23: 37–43. March 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Geoarchaeological$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{deroin_geoarchaeological_2017,\n\ttitle = {Geoarchaeological remote sensing survey for cultural heritage management. {Case} study from {Byblos} ({Jbail}, {Lebanon})},\n\tvolume = {23},\n\tissn = {12962074},\n\turl = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1296207416300644},\n\tdoi = {10.1016/j.culher.2016.04.014},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Cultural Heritage},\n\tauthor = {Deroin, Jean-Paul and Bou Kheir, Rania and Abdallah, Chadi},\n\tmonth = mar,\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tkeywords = {Byblos, Corona, Geo-Eye, Geoarchaeology, Ikonos, Lebanon, Orbview 3, Remote Sensing, VHR satellites},\n\tpages = {37--43},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Final comments: looking to the future.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Fradley, M.; and Sheldrick, N.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Antiquity, 91(357): 796–797. June 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Final$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{fradley_final_2017,\n\ttitle = {Final comments: looking to the future},\n\tvolume = {91},\n\tissn = {0003-598X, 1745-1744},\n\tshorttitle = {Final comments},\n\turl = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0003598X17000813/type/journal_article},\n\tdoi = {10.15184/aqy.2017.81},\n\tabstract = {We thank Sarah Parcak\n              et al.\n              for their response to our paper, for engaging in this important debate and for clarifying a number of points regarding Parcak\n              et al\n              . (2016), and for raising some important questions concerning the methods and objectives of the EAMENA project. We can, however, only comment on what was presented in their original article and address, in these brief final remarks, a few of the points raised in their response.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {357},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Antiquity},\n\tauthor = {Fradley, Michael and Sheldrick, Nichole},\n\tmonth = jun,\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tpages = {796--797},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Semi-automated detection of looting in Afghanistan using multispectral imagery and principal component analysis.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Lauricella, A.; Cannon, J.; Branting, S.; and Hammer, E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Antiquity, 91(359): 1344–1355. October 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Semi-automated$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{lauricella_semi-automated_2017,\n\ttitle = {Semi-automated detection of looting in {Afghanistan} using multispectral imagery and principal component analysis},\n\tvolume = {91},\n\tissn = {0003-598X, 1745-1744},\n\turl = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0003598X17000904/type/journal_article},\n\tdoi = {10.15184/aqy.2017.90},\n\tabstract = {High-resolution satellite imagery has proved to be a powerful tool for calculating the extent of looting at heritage sites in conﬂict zones around the world. Monitoring damage over time, however, has been largely dependent upon laborious and error-prone manual comparisons of satellite imagery taken at different dates. The semi-automated detection process presented here offers a more expedient and accurate method for monitoring looting activities over time, as evidenced at the site of Ai Khanoum in Afghanistan. It is hoped that this method, which relies upon multispectral imagery and principal component analysis, may be adapted to great effect for use in other areas where heritage loss is of signiﬁcant concern.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {359},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Antiquity},\n\tauthor = {Lauricella, Anthony and Cannon, Joshua and Branting, Scott and Hammer, Emily},\n\tmonth = oct,\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tkeywords = {Afghanistan, looting, machine learning, satellite imagery, technology},\n\tpages = {1344--1355},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Transit: An analysis of networked criminal groups and criminal opportunities at transit ports.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Casey, R.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Cogent Social Sciences, 3(1): 1301182. January 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Transit:$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{casey_transit_2017,\n\ttitle = {Transit: {An} analysis of networked criminal groups and criminal opportunities at transit ports},\n\tvolume = {3},\n\tissn = {null},\n\tshorttitle = {Transit},\n\turl = {https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/23311886.2017.1301182},\n\tdoi = {10.1080/23311886.2017.1301182},\n\tabstract = {Like the path of many contraband commodities, trafficked cultural objects cross countless legal borders and intersect with the legitimate market world at a number of critical transit junctures, which supports the concept of a single “grey” market. These transit settings, where different elements of trafficking networks must converge, are sites of vulnerability for criminals and opportunity for law enforcement intervention. For this discussion, the case study of Subhash Kapoor’s trafficking network will be used as a frame of reference throughout the essay to support the idea that a port, as an interface in the global supply chain, is a critical site for analysis and understanding of international trafficking in cultural objects. What follows is a discussion of conceptualisations of organised crime in late modernity, a spatial analysis of the global cultural heritage trade, and an overview of the securitisation and role of sea ports in trade.},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Cogent Social Sciences},\n\tauthor = {Casey, Ryan},\n\teditor = {Hardy, Samuel Andrew},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tkeywords = {cultural property crime, cultural property trade, illicit antiquities, international trade, organized crime, smuggling, trafficking networks, transit, transnational criminology},\n\tpages = {1301182},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Cultural heritage, ethics, and the military.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Breithoff, E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Journal of Heritage Studies, 23(4): 395–396. April 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Cultural$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{breithoff_cultural_2017,\n\ttitle = {Cultural heritage, ethics, and the military},\n\tvolume = {23},\n\tissn = {1352-7258},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1080/13527258.2016.1255912},\n\tdoi = {10.1080/13527258.2016.1255912},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {International Journal of Heritage Studies},\n\tauthor = {Breithoff, Esther},\n\tmonth = apr,\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tpages = {395--396},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Fifty Years of Collecting: The Sale of Ancient Maya Antiquities at Sotheby’s.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Tremain, C. G.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Journal of Cultural Property, 24(2): 187–219. May 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Fifty$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{tremain_fifty_2017,\n\ttitle = {Fifty {Years} of {Collecting}: {The} {Sale} of {Ancient} {Maya} {Antiquities} at {Sotheby}’s},\n\tvolume = {24},\n\tissn = {0940-7391, 1465-7317},\n\tshorttitle = {Fifty {Years} of {Collecting}},\n\turl = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0940739117000054/type/journal_article},\n\tdoi = {10.1017/S0940739117000054},\n\tabstract = {Pre-Columbian antiquities, particularly those from the Maya region, are highly sought after on the international art market. Large auction houses such as Sotheby’s have dedicated pre-Columbian departments and annual auctions, for which sales catalogues are created. These catalogues offer insight into market trends and allow the volume of antiquities being bought and sold to be monitored. The following study records the public sale of Maya antiquities at Sotheby’s over a period slightly exceeding 50 years from 1963 to 2016. More than 3,500 artifacts were offered for sale during this period, of which more than 80 percent did not have associated provenance information. The data suggests that the volume of Maya antiquities offered for sale at Sotheby’s public auctions have been steadily decreasing since the 1980s, but their relative value has increased. Quantitative studies of auction sales such as this one can be useful in monitoring the market for illegal antiquities and forgeries.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {International Journal of Cultural Property},\n\tauthor = {Tremain, Cara Grace},\n\tmonth = may,\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tkeywords = {Maya, Sotheby's, antiquities, collecting},\n\tpages = {187--219},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Bearing False Witness: The Media, ISIS and Antiquities.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n\n\n Technical Report Committee For Cultural Policy, January 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@techreport{noauthor_bearing_2017,\n\ttitle = {Bearing {False} {Witness}: {The} {Media}, {ISIS} and {Antiquities}},\n\tinstitution = {Committee For Cultural Policy},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tkeywords = {Daesh, Isis, antiquities},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The cultural capitalists: Notes on the ongoing reconfiguration of trafficking culture in Asia.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Yates, D.; Mackenzie, S.; and Smith, E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Crime, Media, Culture, 13(2): 245–254. August 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{yates_cultural_2017,\n\ttitle = {The cultural capitalists: {Notes} on the ongoing reconfiguration of trafficking culture in {Asia}},\n\tvolume = {13},\n\tissn = {1741-6590},\n\tshorttitle = {The cultural capitalists},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1177/1741659017700947},\n\tdoi = {10.1177/1741659017700947},\n\tabstract = {Most analysis of the international flows of the illicit art market has described a global situation in which a postcolonial legacy of acquisition and collection exploits cultural heritage by pulling it westwards towards major international trade nodes in the USA and Europe. As the locus of consumptive global economic power shifts, however, these traditional flows are pulled in other directions: notably for the present commentary, towards and within Asia.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2020-04-02},\n\tjournal = {Crime, Media, Culture},\n\tauthor = {Yates, Donna and Mackenzie, Simon and Smith, Emiline},\n\tmonth = aug,\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tpages = {245--254},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n From Above and on the Ground: Geospatial Methods for Recording Endangered Archaeology in the Middle East and North Africa.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Rayne, L.; Bradbury, J.; Mattingly, D.; Philip, G.; Bewley, R.; and Wilson, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Geosciences, 7(4): 100. October 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"From$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{rayne_above_2017,\n\ttitle = {From {Above} and on the {Ground}: {Geospatial} {Methods} for {Recording} {Endangered} {Archaeology} in the {Middle} {East} and {North} {Africa}},\n\tvolume = {7},\n\tissn = {2076-3263},\n\tshorttitle = {From {Above} and on the {Ground}},\n\turl = {http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3263/7/4/100},\n\tdoi = {10.3390/geosciences7040100},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {Geosciences},\n\tauthor = {Rayne, Louise and Bradbury, Jennie and Mattingly, David and Philip, Graham and Bewley, Robert and Wilson, Andrew},\n\tmonth = oct,\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tkeywords = {Archaeology, Cultural heritage, Middle east, North Africa, Remote Sensing},\n\tpages = {100},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Post-Conflict Archaeology and Cultural Heritage : Rebuilding Knowledge, Memory and Community from War-Damaged Material Culture.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Newson, P.; and Young, R.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Routledge, November 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Post-Conflict$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@book{newson_post-conflict_2017,\n\ttitle = {Post-{Conflict} {Archaeology} and {Cultural} {Heritage} : {Rebuilding} {Knowledge}, {Memory} and {Community} from {War}-{Damaged} {Material} {Culture}},\n\tisbn = {9781315472737},\n\tshorttitle = {Post-{Conflict} {Archaeology} and {Cultural} {Heritage}},\n\turl = {https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/e/9781315472737},\n\tabstract = {The human cost in any conflict is of course the first care in terms of the reduction, if not the elimination of damage. However, the destruction of archaeology},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tpublisher = {Routledge},\n\tauthor = {Newson, Paul and Young, Ruth},\n\tmonth = nov,\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tdoi = {10.4324/9781315472737},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n La lutte contre les atteintes au patrimoine archéologique et le trafic illicite des biens culturels.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Brun, Y.; and Triboulot, B.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Les Nouvelles de l'archéologie, (149): 43–45. December 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"La$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n 1 download\n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{brun_lutte_2017,\n\ttitle = {La lutte contre les atteintes au patrimoine archéologique et le trafic illicite des biens culturels},\n\tissn = {0242-7702, 2425-1941},\n\turl = {http://journals.openedition.org/nda/3781},\n\tdoi = {10.4000/nda.3781},\n\tlanguage = {fr},\n\tnumber = {149},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Les Nouvelles de l'archéologie},\n\tauthor = {Brun, Yann and Triboulot, Bertrand},\n\tmonth = dec,\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tkeywords = {cultural heritage, illicit trafficking, trafficking},\n\tpages = {43--45},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Note du CREOGN n°23 : L'art en danger : les biens culturels au coeur des conflits armés, du terrorisme et de la criminalité organisée.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Jolibois, B.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n May 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@misc{jolibois_note_2017,\n\ttitle = {Note du {CREOGN} n°23 : {L}'art en danger : les biens culturels au coeur des conflits armés, du terrorisme et de la criminalité organisée},\n\tlanguage = {French},\n\tauthor = {Jolibois, Blandine},\n\tmonth = may,\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tkeywords = {art crime, conflict, cultural heritage, organized crime, terrorism},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Illicit Cultural Property from Latin America: Looting, Trafficking, and Sale.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Yates, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Technical Report SocArXiv, May 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Illicit$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@techreport{yates_illicit_2017,\n\ttype = {preprint},\n\ttitle = {Illicit {Cultural} {Property} from {Latin} {America}: {Looting}, {Trafficking}, and {Sale}},\n\tshorttitle = {Illicit {Cultural} {Property} from {Latin} {America}},\n\turl = {https://osf.io/ny7z6},\n\tabstract = {This chapter will provide a broad overview of the the , smuggling, and illegal sale of cultural objects from Latin America. First, I will describe the two categories of Latin American cultural property covered by this chapter (pre-Conquest artefacts, colonial sacred art), and then consider the form and functioning of the illicit trade in Latin American antiquities. I will discuss the on-the-ground devastation of the historic trade in looted Latin American objects and present a model of a historic antiquities trafficking network. is will be illustrated by two case studies: the the and trafficking of a large Maya sculpture from the site of Machaquilá, Guatemala, and of the Church of Challapampa, Peru. Thee paper will close with a brief recommendation and an outline of the various outside forces that appear to play a significant role in the continued looting and trafficking of Latin American cultural objects. Among these important forces to consider are deforestation, human migration, the narcotics trade, local and regional instability, community insecurity, poverty, globalization, and developmental disparities. If reducing the illicit trade in Latin American cultural property is our goal, then all current and future policy must address these issues.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tinstitution = {SocArXiv},\n\tauthor = {Yates, Donna},\n\tmonth = may,\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tdoi = {10.31235/osf.io/ny7z6},\n\tkeywords = {Latin America, illicit antiquities, illicit trafficking, looting, sale, trafficking},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n How to Control the Internet Market in Antiquities? The Need for Regulation and Monitoring.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Brodie, N.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Technical Report 3, Antiquities coalition, July 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@techreport{brodie_how_2017,\n\ttitle = {How to {Control} the {Internet} {Market} in {Antiquities}? {The} {Need} for {Regulation} and {Monitoring}},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\tinstitution = {Antiquities coalition},\n\tauthor = {Brodie, Neil},\n\tmonth = jul,\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tkeywords = {antiquities, internet market, monitoring, regulation},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The criminalisation of the illicit trade in cultural property.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Filipa Vrdoljak, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n In Anderson, J.; and Geismar, H., editor(s), The Routledge Companion to Cultural Property, pages 54–69. Routledge, Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business, 2017., 1 edition, July 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@incollection{anderson_criminalisation_2017,\n\taddress = {Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, an imprint of the Taylor \\& Francis Group, an informa business, 2017.},\n\tedition = {1},\n\ttitle = {The criminalisation of the illicit trade in cultural property},\n\tisbn = {978-1-315-64103-4},\n\turl = {https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781317278801/chapters/10.4324/9781315641034-4},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tbooktitle = {The {Routledge} {Companion} to {Cultural} {Property}},\n\tpublisher = {Routledge},\n\tauthor = {Filipa Vrdoljak, Ana},\n\teditor = {Anderson, Jane and Geismar, Haidy},\n\tmonth = jul,\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tdoi = {10.4324/9781315641034-4},\n\tkeywords = {criminalisation, cultural property, illicit antiquities trade},\n\tpages = {54--69},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Introduction—What is Preservation?.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Brusius, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Review of Middle East Studies, 51(2): 177–182. August 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Introduction—What$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{brusius_introductionwhat_2017,\n\ttitle = {Introduction—{What} is {Preservation}?},\n\tvolume = {51},\n\tissn = {2151-3481, 2329-3225},\n\turl = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/review-of-middle-east-studies/article/introductionwhat-is-preservation/F0AF4B96E3DA975C0D9E304FD0595E82},\n\tdoi = {10.1017/rms.2017.91},\n\tabstract = {Tangible “heritage” (artifacts, buildings, and sites) has always played key roles in identity and nation-building in the Middle East. As countries in the Middle East face unprecedented disorder and violence we lack more nuanced answers to what preservation was, is, and what it can be in the future. This roundtable—initiated as a session at the Middle East Studies Association's annual meeting in 2016—offers a much-needed perspective and critical voice in a debate that has become increasingly monolithic. In other words, current notions of what “cultural heritage” is and how it should be preserved are limited and often dismiss the limitations, complexities and ironies of iconoclasm. Objects seen as valuable by some but “idolatrous” to others, for example, have sometimes been destroyed precisely because they were considered worthy of preservation by opposing parties. Further, preservation and destruction were rarely exclusive binaries, but rather connected and identified in crucial ways. They are, in other words, two sides of the same coin: Archaeological excavation has destroyed buildings and deposits in strata above selected layers or artifacts, often removing sites that are meaningful in other ways, such as Islamic shrines.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {Review of Middle East Studies},\n\tauthor = {Brusius, Mirjam},\n\tmonth = aug,\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tkeywords = {preservation},\n\tpages = {177--182},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n PROJECT ANQA: DIGITIZING AND DOCUMENTING CULTURAL HERITAGE IN THE MIDDLE EAST.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Akhtar, S.; Akoglu, G.; Simon, S.; and Rushmeier, H.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, XLII-2/W5: 1–5. August 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"PROJECT$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{akhtar_project_2017,\n\ttitle = {{PROJECT} {ANQA}: {DIGITIZING} {AND} {DOCUMENTING} {CULTURAL} {HERITAGE} {IN} {THE} {MIDDLE} {EAST}},\n\tvolume = {XLII-2/W5},\n\tissn = {2194-9034},\n\tshorttitle = {{PROJECT} {ANQA}},\n\turl = {https://www.int-arch-photogramm-remote-sens-spatial-inf-sci.net/XLII-2-W5/1/2017/},\n\tdoi = {10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W5-1-2017},\n\tabstract = {The practice of digitizing cultural heritage sites is gaining ground among conservation scientists and scholars in architecture, art history, computer science, and related fields. Recently, the location of such sites in areas of intense conflict has highlighted the urgent need for documenting cultural heritage for the purposes of preservation and posterity. The complex histories of such sites requires more than just their digitization, and should also include the meaningful interpretation of buildings and their surroundings with respect to context and intangible values. Project Anqa is an interdisciplinary and multi-partner effort that goes beyond simple digitization to record at-risk heritage sites throughout the Middle East and Saharan Africa, most notably in Syria and Iraq, before they are altered or destroyed. Through a collaborative process, Anqa assembles documentation, historically contextualizes it, and makes data accessible and useful for scholars, peers, and the wider public through state-of-the-art tools. The aim of the project is to engage in capacity-building on the ground in Syria and Iraq, as well as to create an educational web platform that informs viewers about cultural heritage in the region through research, digital storytelling, and the experience of virtual environments.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences},\n\tauthor = {Akhtar, S. and Akoglu, G. and Simon, S. and Rushmeier, H.},\n\tmonth = aug,\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tkeywords = {CHER-ob, Middle east, Project Anqa, Syria, cultural heritage, digitization},\n\tpages = {1--5},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n China’s Maritime Silk Road Initiative and the Protection of Underwater Cultural Heritage.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Guo, R.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n The International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law, 32(3): 510–543. September 2017.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"China’s$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{guo_chinas_2017,\n\ttitle = {China’s {Maritime} {Silk} {Road} {Initiative} and the {Protection} of {Underwater} {Cultural} {Heritage}},\n\tvolume = {32},\n\tissn = {1571-8085, 0927-3522},\n\turl = {https://brill.com/view/journals/estu/32/3/article-p510_510.xml},\n\tdoi = {10.1163/15718085-12323033},\n\tabstract = {{\\textless}section class="abstract"{\\textgreater}{\\textless}h2 class="abstractTitle text-title my-1" id="d7e2"{\\textgreater}Abstract{\\textless}/h2{\\textgreater}{\\textless}p{\\textgreater}China’s 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative urges the protection of underwater cultural heritage on the Maritime Silk Road, which demands China’s effort as much as that of international community. The Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage ({\\textless}abbrev xmlns:ifp="http://www.ifactory.com/press"{\\textgreater}unesco{\\textless}/abbrev{\\textgreater} Convention) provides an international legal framework for China to protect underwater cultural heritage and facilitate cooperation with other State Parties. China’s concerns over ratifying the {\\textless}abbrev xmlns:ifp="http://www.ifactory.com/press"{\\textgreater}unesco{\\textless}/abbrev{\\textgreater} Convention mainly relate to its jurisdiction, ownership and international obligations on the issue, which can be solved with the basic principles and a revision of Chinese laws. China’s ratification will ensure the international protection of underwater cultural heritage on the Maritime Silk Road; and more importantly, it will provide an opportunity for the joint development in the South China Sea, thus breaking the bottleneck of the Maritime Silk Road Initiative. Therefore, China should ratify the {\\textless}abbrev xmlns:ifp="http://www.ifactory.com/press"{\\textgreater}unesco{\\textless}/abbrev{\\textgreater} Convention.{\\textless}/p{\\textgreater}{\\textless}/section{\\textgreater}},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {The International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law},\n\tauthor = {Guo, Ran},\n\tmonth = sep,\n\tyear = {2017},\n\tkeywords = {China, Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage, Maritime Silk Road Inititative, underwater cultural heritage},\n\tpages = {510--543},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n 2016\n \n \n (23)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Endangered Archaeology in the Middle East and North Africa: Introducing the EAMENA Project.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Bewley, R.; Wilson, A.; Kennedy, D.; Mattingly, D.; Banks, R.; Bishop, M.; Bradbury, J.; Cunliffe, E.; Fradley, M.; Jennings, R.; Mason, R.; Rayne, L.; Sterry, M.; Sheldrick, N.; and Zerbini, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n CAA2015. Keep the Revolution Going: Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Conference on Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology. 2016.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Endangered$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{bewley_endangered_2016,\n\ttitle = {Endangered {Archaeology} in the {Middle} {East} and {North} {Africa}: {Introducing} the {EAMENA} {Project}},\n\tshorttitle = {Endangered {Archaeology} in the {Middle} {East} and {North} {Africa}},\n\turl = {https://eprints.ncl.ac.uk/244773},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2020-04-24},\n\tjournal = {CAA2015. Keep the Revolution Going: Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Conference on Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Bewley, R. and Wilson, A. and Kennedy, D. and Mattingly, D. and Banks, R. and Bishop, M. and Bradbury, J. and Cunliffe, E. and Fradley, M. and Jennings, R. and Mason, R. and Rayne, L. and Sterry, M. and Sheldrick, N. and Zerbini, A.},\n\tyear = {2016},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Combating Illegal ExcavationsIllegal Excavationsin Cahuachi: Ancient Problems and Modern Technologies.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Lasaponara, R.; and Masini, N.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n In Lasaponara, R.; Masini, N.; and Orefici, G., editor(s), The Ancient Nasca World: New Insights from Science and Archaeology, pages 605–633. Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2016.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Combating$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@incollection{lasaponara_combating_2016,\n\taddress = {Cham},\n\ttitle = {Combating {Illegal} {ExcavationsIllegal} {Excavationsin} {Cahuachi}: {Ancient} {Problems} and {Modern} {Technologies}},\n\tisbn = {9783319470528},\n\tshorttitle = {Combating {Illegal} {ExcavationsIllegal} {Excavationsin} {Cahuachi}},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47052-8_25},\n\tabstract = {Illegal excavations represent one of the main risk factors which affect the archaeological heritage in Peru, in general, and in Nasca region, in particular. Looting in Peru has an ancient “tradition”, starting from the Spanish Conquistadors (and before); but since the 1960s, it has been strongly intensifying to supply the growing national and international markets. After the famous plundering of Sipán, an agreement was reached with the United States in 1997 to restrict the import of Pre-Columbian and ethnographic material from Peru. But, unfortunately, since the signing of the bilateral agreements with the United States, the traffic has shifted and been directed more towards Northern and Central Europe. Steps were taken to prevent illegal excavations through the forced return of looted archaeological objects; but this only partially addressed the problem because, even if the objects have been returned, the archaeological context from which they were stolen cannot be recovered. To stop, or at least limit, the illicit trade, it would be necessary to improve the present national and international laws and make available the resources necessary for their enforcement and for a wider understanding and systematic monitoring of the archaeological areas by using effective techniques of surveillance, including remote sensing. This chapter deals with the results obtained by using an automatic procedure applied to multitemporal satellite images of some areas in the Río Grande de Nasca Drainage for the detection of looted areas. The rate of success in detecting changes related to the archaeological looting has been successfully tested in significant selected areas using complementary tools such as Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV ), a Global Positioning System (GPS ), Ground-penetrating radar (GPR ), and field surveys . Satellite technologies can provide reliable information: (i) to quantify the looting phenomenon even if it is on an “industrial scale” over large areas, and (ii) to set up a systematic monitoring tool to trace the illicit trade in antiquities. This study has implications for the protection of archaeological sites, not only in Nasca but also across the world.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2020-04-24},\n\tbooktitle = {The {Ancient} {Nasca} {World}: {New} {Insights} from {Science} and {Archaeology}},\n\tpublisher = {Springer International Publishing},\n\tauthor = {Lasaponara, Rosa and Masini, Nicola},\n\teditor = {Lasaponara, Rosa and Masini, Nicola and Orefici, Giuseppe},\n\tyear = {2016},\n\tdoi = {10.1007/978-3-319-47052-8_25},\n\tkeywords = {Archaeological looting , Automatic classification and mapping, Cahuachi , GPR, Spatial autocorrelation , UAV},\n\tpages = {605--633},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n

\n Illegal excavations represent one of the main risk factors which affect the archaeological heritage in Peru, in general, and in Nasca region, in particular. Looting in Peru has an ancient “tradition”, starting from the Spanish Conquistadors (and before); but since the 1960s, it has been strongly intensifying to supply the growing national and international markets. After the famous plundering of Sipán, an agreement was reached with the United States in 1997 to restrict the import of Pre-Columbian and ethnographic material from Peru. But, unfortunately, since the signing of the bilateral agreements with the United States, the traffic has shifted and been directed more towards Northern and Central Europe. Steps were taken to prevent illegal excavations through the forced return of looted archaeological objects; but this only partially addressed the problem because, even if the objects have been returned, the archaeological context from which they were stolen cannot be recovered. To stop, or at least limit, the illicit trade, it would be necessary to improve the present national and international laws and make available the resources necessary for their enforcement and for a wider understanding and systematic monitoring of the archaeological areas by using effective techniques of surveillance, including remote sensing. This chapter deals with the results obtained by using an automatic procedure applied to multitemporal satellite images of some areas in the Río Grande de Nasca Drainage for the detection of looted areas. The rate of success in detecting changes related to the archaeological looting has been successfully tested in significant selected areas using complementary tools such as Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV ), a Global Positioning System (GPS ), Ground-penetrating radar (GPR ), and field surveys . Satellite technologies can provide reliable information: (i) to quantify the looting phenomenon even if it is on an “industrial scale” over large areas, and (ii) to set up a systematic monitoring tool to trace the illicit trade in antiquities. This study has implications for the protection of archaeological sites, not only in Nasca but also across the world.\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Satellite evidence of archaeological site looting in Egypt: 2002–2013.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Parcak, S.; Gathings, D.; Childs, C.; Mumford, G.; and Cline, E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Antiquity, 90(349): 188–205. February 2016.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Satellite$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{parcak_satellite_2016,\n\ttitle = {Satellite evidence of archaeological site looting in {Egypt}: 2002–2013},\n\tvolume = {90},\n\tissn = {0003-598X, 1745-1744},\n\tshorttitle = {Satellite evidence of archaeological site looting in {Egypt}},\n\turl = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0003598X16000016/type/journal_article},\n\tdoi = {10.15184/aqy.2016.1},\n\tabstract = {Analysis of satellite imagery covering Egypt between 2002 and 2013 indicates a signiﬁcant increase in looting and other damage to archaeological sites. Looting escalated dramatically from 2009 with the onset of the global economic crisis, and intensiﬁed still further with the Arab Spring in 2011. This was mirrored by an increased volume of Egyptian artefacts sold at auction, suggesting that looting is driven by external demand as well as by internal economic pressures. Satellite analysis can be used to predict the type and period of antiquities entering the market, thereby providing valuable intelligence for international policing of the illicit antiquities trade.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {349},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Antiquity},\n\tauthor = {Parcak, Sarah and Gathings, David and Childs, Chase and Mumford, Greg and Cline, Eric},\n\tmonth = feb,\n\tyear = {2016},\n\tkeywords = {2002-2013, Egypt, looting, satellite imagery, technology},\n\tpages = {188--205},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Cultural Heritage Sites in Danger—Towards Automatic Damage Detection from Space.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Cerra, D.; Plank, S.; Lysandrou, V.; and Tian, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Remote Sensing, 8(9): 781. September 2016.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Cultural$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{cerra_cultural_2016,\n\ttitle = {Cultural {Heritage} {Sites} in {Danger}—{Towards} {Automatic} {Damage} {Detection} from {Space}},\n\tvolume = {8},\n\tcopyright = {http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/},\n\turl = {https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/8/9/781},\n\tdoi = {10.3390/rs8090781},\n\tabstract = {The intentional damage to local Cultural Heritage sites carried out in recent months by the Islamic State have received wide coverage from the media worldwide. Earth Observation data provide important information to assess this damage in such non-accessible areas, and automated image processing techniques will be needed to speed up the analysis if a fast response is desired. This paper shows the first results of applying fast and robust change detection techniques to sensitive areas, based on the extraction of textural information and robust differences of brightness values related to pre- and post-disaster satellite images. A map highlighting potentially damaged buildings is derived, which could help experts at timely assessing the damages to the Cultural Heritage sites of interest. Encouraging results are obtained for two archaeological sites in Syria and Iraq.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {9},\n\turldate = {2020-04-24},\n\tjournal = {Remote Sensing},\n\tauthor = {Cerra, Daniele and Plank, Simon and Lysandrou, Vasiliki and Tian, Jiaojiao},\n\tmonth = sep,\n\tyear = {2016},\n\tkeywords = {change detection, cultural heritage, remote sensing, texture analysis},\n\tpages = {781},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Cultural heritage in a changing world.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n\n\n Springer Berlin Heidelberg, New York, NY, 2016.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@book{noauthor_cultural_2016,\n\taddress = {New York, NY},\n\ttitle = {Cultural heritage in a changing world},\n\tisbn = {978-3-319-29542-8},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tpublisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},\n\tyear = {2016},\n\tkeywords = {cultural heritage},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n The connected past: challenges to network studies in archaeology and history.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Brughmans, T.; Collar, A.; and Coward, F. S.,\n editors.\n \n\n\n \n\n\n\n Oxford University Press, Oxford, First edition edition, 2016.\n OCLC: ocn940479919\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@book{brughmans_connected_2016,\n\taddress = {Oxford},\n\tedition = {First edition},\n\ttitle = {The connected past: challenges to network studies in archaeology and history},\n\tisbn = {978-0-19-874851-9},\n\tshorttitle = {The connected past},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tpublisher = {Oxford University Press},\n\teditor = {Brughmans, Tom and Collar, Anna and Coward, Fiona Susan},\n\tyear = {2016},\n\tnote = {OCLC: ocn940479919},\n\tkeywords = {Archaeology, Methodology, Network analysis, Social networks, Social sciences},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Contextualizing 3D Cultural Heritage.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Lloyd, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n In Ioannides, M.; Fink, E.; Moropoulou, A.; Hagedorn-Saupe, M.; Fresa, A.; Liestøl, G.; Rajcic, V.; and Grussenmeyer, P., editor(s), Digital Heritage. Progress in Cultural Heritage: Documentation, Preservation, and Protection, of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 859–868, Cham, 2016. Springer International Publishing\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@inproceedings{lloyd_contextualizing_2016,\n\taddress = {Cham},\n\tseries = {Lecture {Notes} in {Computer} {Science}},\n\ttitle = {Contextualizing {3D} {Cultural} {Heritage}},\n\tisbn = {978-3-319-48496-9},\n\tdoi = {10.1007/978-3-319-48496-9_69},\n\tabstract = {An increasing number of cultural heritage 3D models are being made public via the 3D-party platform, ‘Sketchfab’. This is a hugely popular way to share cultural heritage with a wide audience. The British Museum’s model of the Granite head of Amenemhat III has been viewed online 61,500 times and downloaded 3,000 times (as of writing). This paper will explore Ancient History Encyclopedia’s project to include 3D models on their website, and how doing so helps contextualize an object, creating a deeper learning experience for the reader of our content and the viewer of a model.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tbooktitle = {Digital {Heritage}. {Progress} in {Cultural} {Heritage}: {Documentation}, {Preservation}, and {Protection}},\n\tpublisher = {Springer International Publishing},\n\tauthor = {Lloyd, James},\n\teditor = {Ioannides, Marinos and Fink, Eleanor and Moropoulou, Antonia and Hagedorn-Saupe, Monika and Fresa, Antonella and Liestøl, Gunnar and Rajcic, Vlatka and Grussenmeyer, Pierre},\n\tyear = {2016},\n\tkeywords = {3D, Ancient History Encyclopedia, Contextualization, Digital pedagogy, Sketchfab},\n\tpages = {859--868},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Strategic vs. opportunistic looting: the relationship between antiquities looting and armed conflict in Egypt.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Fabiani, M. R D\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Ph.D. Thesis, University of Maryland, 2016.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@phdthesis{fabiani_strategic_2016,\n\ttype = {{MA} degree},\n\ttitle = {Strategic vs. opportunistic looting: the relationship between antiquities looting and armed conflict in {Egypt}},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tschool = {University of Maryland},\n\tauthor = {Fabiani, Michelle R D},\n\tyear = {2016},\n\tkeywords = {Egypt, antiquities, conflict, opportunistic looting, strategic looting},\n}\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Part III: beauty and money: a market that feeds looting.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Tsirogiannis, C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n , 6: p.9–25. 2016.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{tsirogiannis_part_2016,\n\tseries = {{AP} : {Online} {Journal} in {Public} {Archaeology}},\n\ttitle = {Part {III}:  beauty and money: a market that feeds looting},\n\tvolume = {6},\n\tlanguage = {English},\n\tauthor = {Tsirogiannis, Christos},\n\tyear = {2016},\n\tkeywords = {antiquities market, market},\n\tpages = {p.9--25},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Oxford research encyclopedias.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Pontell, H. N; and Oxford University Press\n\n\n \n\n\n\n 2016.\n OCLC: 1013717082\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Oxford$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@book{pontell_oxford_2016,\n\ttitle = {Oxford research encyclopedias.},\n\tisbn = {9780190264079},\n\turl = {http://criminology.oxfordre.com/},\n\tabstract = {Substantive, peer-reviewed, and regularly updated, the Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Criminology and Criminal Justice combines the speed \\& flexibility of digital with the rigorous standards of academic publishing.},\n\tlanguage = {English},\n\turldate = {2020-04-02},\n\tauthor = {Pontell, Henry N and {Oxford University Press}},\n\tyear = {2016},\n\tnote = {OCLC: 1013717082},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Bioarchaeological approaches to looting: A case study from Sudan.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Kinkopf, K. M.; and Beck, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, 10: 263–271. December 2016.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Bioarchaeological$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{kinkopf_bioarchaeological_2016,\n\ttitle = {Bioarchaeological approaches to looting: {A} case study from {Sudan}},\n\tvolume = {10},\n\tissn = {2352409X},\n\tshorttitle = {Bioarchaeological approaches to looting},\n\turl = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2352409X16306095},\n\tdoi = {10.1016/j.jasrep.2016.09.011},\n\tabstract = {Looting is a signiﬁcant destructive force at archaeological sites; grave robbing, in particular, leaves human remains and cultural heritage irreparably damaged. Al-Widay, a necropolis excavated by the Oriental Institute Nubian Expedition near the Fourth Cataract region of the Nile River, is a site with important implications for understanding the taphonomy of archaeological looting. Over 60\\% of the tumuli excavated at Al-Widay were disturbed in antiquity, making the site an ideal case study for examining the effects of looting on ancient human skeletal remains. Our research applies bioarchaeological methods of quantifying fragmentation to an assessment of “Culturally Signiﬁcant Anatomical Regions” in order to evaluate the nature and degree of human disturbance activity at this necropolis. At Al-Widay, site reports document looted graves (n = 22), unlooted graves (n = 14), and a sample of graves (n = 42), for which the level of disturbance is unknown. Fisher's exact test showed signiﬁcant differences in the bioarchaeological patterning of looted versus unlooted contexts, and a cross-validated logistic regression model was used to sort ﬁve unknown graves into looted and unlooted categories, providing a quantitative bioarchaeological method for the identiﬁcation of looting.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports},\n\tauthor = {Kinkopf, Katherine M. and Beck, Jess},\n\tmonth = dec,\n\tyear = {2016},\n\tkeywords = {Sudan, bioarchaeology, looting},\n\tpages = {263--271},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n #CultureUnderThreat: Recommendations for the U.S. Government.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Davis, T.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Technical Report April 2016.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@techreport{davis_cultureunderthreat_2016,\n\ttitle = {\\#{CultureUnderThreat}: {Recommendations} for the {U}.{S}. {Government}},\n\tauthor = {Davis, Tess},\n\tmonth = apr,\n\tyear = {2016},\n\tkeywords = {\\#cultureunderthreat, US, reccomendations},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Virtual and physical recomposition of fragmented ecclesiastical frescoes using a photogrammetric approach.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Abate, D.; Hermon, S.; and Eliades, I.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, XLI-B5: 153–160. 2016.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Virtual$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{abate_virtual_2016,\n\ttitle = {Virtual and physical recomposition of fragmented ecclesiastical frescoes using a photogrammetric approach},\n\tvolume = {XLI-B5},\n\tissn = {2194-9034},\n\turl = {http://www.int-arch-photogramm-remote-sens-spatial-inf-sci.net/XLI-B5/153/2016/},\n\tdoi = {10.5194/isprs-archives-XLI-B5-153-2016},\n\tabstract = {The octagonal domed church of the Christ Antiphonitis in the district of Kyrenia (Cyprus) was originally completely decorated with frescoes along its interior walls. Two of these are exceptional for their artistic and historic value: the story of the Tree of Jesse (a pictorial genealogy of the Virgin) located on the southern wall of the octagon, and the Last Judgment, on the northern wall. Following the invasion of Cyprus by Turkish military forces in 1974, looters stripped many of the region churches, removing an estimated 15,000 to 20,000 icons and several dozen major frescoes and mosaics, intending to sell them illegally on the antique market. The Church of Antiphonitis was among them. The walls with the two biblical episodes suffered major damages and big portions of their pictorial decoration were removed. Since the end of the 1990s, due to efforts of Cypriot authorities, more than 70 fragments of its frescoes returned from USA and Europe to the Byzantine Museum of Nicosia, where they are currently under conservation and restoration for future display. These were digitally documented through high-resolution ortophotos. The inner space of the church was documented by similar means, in order to virtually re-position the frescoes in their original locations. The virtual re-composition of the frescoes along the looted walls helped quantifying the missing parts, correctly re-locate virtually each fragment at its original position, obtain accurate colour information and prepare a digital musealisation product, to be included in the permanent exhibition display at the museum which will feature a 1:1 scale reproduction of the church walls.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2019-06-28},\n\tjournal = {ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences},\n\tauthor = {Abate, D. and Hermon, S. and Eliades, I.},\n\tyear = {2016},\n\tkeywords = {3D, reconstruction},\n\tpages = {153--160},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Satellite evidence of archaeological site looting in Egypt: 2002–2013.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Parcak, S.; Gathings, D.; Childs, C.; Mumford, G.; and Cline, E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Antiquity, 90(349): 188–205. February 2016.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Satellite$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{parcak_satellite_2016,\n\ttitle = {Satellite evidence of archaeological site looting in {Egypt}: 2002–2013},\n\tvolume = {90},\n\tissn = {0003-598X, 1745-1744},\n\tshorttitle = {Satellite evidence of archaeological site looting in {Egypt}},\n\turl = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0003598X16000016/type/journal_article},\n\tdoi = {10.15184/aqy.2016.1},\n\tabstract = {Analysis of satellite imagery covering Egypt between 2002 and 2013 indicates a signiﬁcant increase in looting and other damage to archaeological sites. Looting escalated dramatically from 2009 with the onset of the global economic crisis, and intensiﬁed still further with the Arab Spring in 2011. This was mirrored by an increased volume of Egyptian artefacts sold at auction, suggesting that looting is driven by external demand as well as by internal economic pressures. Satellite analysis can be used to predict the type and period of antiquities entering the market, thereby providing valuable intelligence for international policing of the illicit antiquities trade.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {349},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Antiquity},\n\tauthor = {Parcak, Sarah and Gathings, David and Childs, Chase and Mumford, Greg and Cline, Eric},\n\tmonth = feb,\n\tyear = {2016},\n\tkeywords = {2002-2013, Egypt, looting, satellite imagery, technology},\n\tpages = {188--205},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n ‘Looting marks’ in space-borne SAR imagery: Measuring rates of archaeological looting in Apamea (Syria) with TerraSAR-X Staring Spotlight.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Tapete, D.; Cigna, F.; and Donoghue, D. N.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Remote Sensing of Environment, 178: 42–58. June 2016.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"‘Looting$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{tapete_looting_2016,\n\ttitle = {‘{Looting} marks’ in space-borne {SAR} imagery: {Measuring} rates of archaeological looting in {Apamea} ({Syria}) with {TerraSAR}-{X} {Staring} {Spotlight}},\n\tvolume = {178},\n\tissn = {00344257},\n\tshorttitle = {‘{Looting} marks’ in space-borne {SAR} imagery},\n\turl = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0034425716300839},\n\tdoi = {10.1016/j.rse.2016.02.055},\n\tabstract = {In archaeological remote sensing, space-borne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) has not been used so far to monitor ‘looting’ (i.e. illegal excavations in heritage sites) mainly because of the spatial resolution of SAR images, typically not comparable to the ground dimensions of looting features. This paper explores the potential of the new TerraSAR-X beam mode Staring Spotlight (ST) to investigate looting within a workﬂow of radar backscattering change detection. A bespoke time series of ﬁve single polarisation, ascending mode, ST scenes with an unprecedented azimuth resolution of 0.24 m was acquired over the archaeological site of Apamea in western Syria, from October 2014 to June 2015 with a regular sampling of one image every two months. Formerly included in the Tentative List of UNESCO, the site has been heavily looted from at least early 2012 to May 2014, as conﬁrmed by Google Earth Very High Resolution (VHR) optical imagery. Building upon the theory of SAR imaging, we develop a novel conceptual model of ‘looting marks’, identify marks due to occurrence of new looting and discriminate them from alteration (e.g. ﬁlling) of pre-existing looting holes. ‘Looting marks’ appear as distinctive patterns of shadow and layover which are visible in the ground-range reprojected ST image and generated by the morphology of the holes. The recognition of looting marks within ratio maps of radar backscatter (σ0) between consecutive ST scenes allows quantiﬁcation of the magnitude, spatial distribution and rates of looting activities. In agreement with the estimates based on Google Earth imagery, the ST acquired in October 2014 shows that {\\textasciitilde}45\\% of the site was looted. In the following eight months new looting happened locally, with holes mainly dug along the margins of the already looted areas. Texture values of {\\textasciitilde}0.31 clearly distinguish these holes from the unaltered, bare ground nearby. Hot spots of change are identiﬁed based on the temporal variability of σ0, and colour composites indicate where repeated looting and alteration of existing holes occurred. Most looting marks are observed north of the two main Roman decumani. Looting intensiﬁed almost steadily from December 2014, with over 1500 new marks in February–April 2015. The estimated rates of looting increased from 214 looting marks/ month in October–December 2014 to over 780 marks/month in April–June 2015, and numerically express the dynamic nature of the phenomenon to which Apamea is still exposed. The method of identifying looting marks in VHR radar images therefore proves a reliable opportunity for archaeologists and image analysts to measure remotely the scale of looting and monitor its temporal evolution.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Remote Sensing of Environment},\n\tauthor = {Tapete, Deodato and Cigna, Francesca and Donoghue, Daniel N.M.},\n\tmonth = jun,\n\tyear = {2016},\n\tkeywords = {Apamea, Syria, looting, satellite imagery},\n\tpages = {42--58},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n

\n In archaeological remote sensing, space-borne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) has not been used so far to monitor ‘looting’ (i.e. illegal excavations in heritage sites) mainly because of the spatial resolution of SAR images, typically not comparable to the ground dimensions of looting features. This paper explores the potential of the new TerraSAR-X beam mode Staring Spotlight (ST) to investigate looting within a workﬂow of radar backscattering change detection. A bespoke time series of ﬁve single polarisation, ascending mode, ST scenes with an unprecedented azimuth resolution of 0.24 m was acquired over the archaeological site of Apamea in western Syria, from October 2014 to June 2015 with a regular sampling of one image every two months. Formerly included in the Tentative List of UNESCO, the site has been heavily looted from at least early 2012 to May 2014, as conﬁrmed by Google Earth Very High Resolution (VHR) optical imagery. Building upon the theory of SAR imaging, we develop a novel conceptual model of ‘looting marks’, identify marks due to occurrence of new looting and discriminate them from alteration (e.g. ﬁlling) of pre-existing looting holes. ‘Looting marks’ appear as distinctive patterns of shadow and layover which are visible in the ground-range reprojected ST image and generated by the morphology of the holes. The recognition of looting marks within ratio maps of radar backscatter (σ0) between consecutive ST scenes allows quantiﬁcation of the magnitude, spatial distribution and rates of looting activities. In agreement with the estimates based on Google Earth imagery, the ST acquired in October 2014 shows that ~45% of the site was looted. In the following eight months new looting happened locally, with holes mainly dug along the margins of the already looted areas. Texture values of ~0.31 clearly distinguish these holes from the unaltered, bare ground nearby. Hot spots of change are identiﬁed based on the temporal variability of σ0, and colour composites indicate where repeated looting and alteration of existing holes occurred. Most looting marks are observed north of the two main Roman decumani. Looting intensiﬁed almost steadily from December 2014, with over 1500 new marks in February–April 2015. The estimated rates of looting increased from 214 looting marks/ month in October–December 2014 to over 780 marks/month in April–June 2015, and numerically express the dynamic nature of the phenomenon to which Apamea is still exposed. The method of identifying looting marks in VHR radar images therefore proves a reliable opportunity for archaeologists and image analysts to measure remotely the scale of looting and monitor its temporal evolution.\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Collectors on illicit collecting: Higher loyalties and other techniques of neutralization in the unlawful collecting of rare and precious orchids and antiquities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Mackenzie, S.; and Yates, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Theoretical Criminology, 20(3): 340–357. August 2016.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Collectors$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{mackenzie_collectors_2016,\n\ttitle = {Collectors on illicit collecting: {Higher} loyalties and other techniques of neutralization in the unlawful collecting of rare and precious orchids and antiquities},\n\tvolume = {20},\n\tissn = {1362-4806, 1461-7439},\n\tshorttitle = {Collectors on illicit collecting},\n\turl = {http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1362480615607625},\n\tdoi = {10.1177/1362480615607625},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2020-04-02},\n\tjournal = {Theoretical Criminology},\n\tauthor = {Mackenzie, Simon and Yates, Donna},\n\tmonth = aug,\n\tyear = {2016},\n\tpages = {340--357},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n ‘Black Archaeology’ in Eastern Europe: Metal Detecting, Illicit Trafficking of Cultural Objects, and ‘Legal Nihilism’ in Belarus, Poland, Russia, and Ukraine.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Hardy, S. A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Public Archaeology, 15(4): 214–237. October 2016.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"‘Black$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{hardy_black_2016,\n\ttitle = {‘{Black} {Archaeology}’ in {Eastern} {Europe}: {Metal} {Detecting}, {Illicit} {Trafficking} of {Cultural} {Objects}, and ‘{Legal} {Nihilism}’ in {Belarus}, {Poland}, {Russia}, and {Ukraine}},\n\tvolume = {15},\n\tissn = {1465-5187, 1753-5530},\n\tshorttitle = {‘{Black} {Archaeology}’ in {Eastern} {Europe}},\n\turl = {https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14655187.2017.1410050},\n\tdoi = {10.1080/14655187.2017.1410050},\n\tabstract = {Across Eastern Europe, professional archaeologists and metal detectorists testify that some archaeological sites have been emptied of metal objects, despite significant efforts to combat illicit trafficking of cultural objects. Yet there is little empirical evidence in relation to the scale of the problem within countries or its comparative scale between countries in the region. This paper presents open-source analysis of membership of online forums and social networks, as well as other empirical indicators, such as sales and ownership of metal detectors. It identifies and contradicts speculation and propaganda from archaeologists and detectorists, then offers empirical evidence in their place. It suggests the activity of at least 14,910 illicit detectorists in Belarus (around 1 in 638 residents), 54,066 illicit detectorists in Poland (around 1 in 702 residents), 26,377 illicit detectorists in Ukraine (around 1 in 1706 residents) and 75,158 illicit detectorists in Russia (around 1 in 1921 residents). It suggests that, in many of the worst-affected communities, above and beyond the technicalities of permissive, restrictive, or prohibitive regulation, the most important factors in the preservation of archaeological knowledge may be the economy and the rule of law.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Public Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Hardy, Samuel Andrew},\n\tmonth = oct,\n\tyear = {2016},\n\tkeywords = {Belarus, Eastern Europe, Poland, Russia, Ukraine, black archaeology, cultural objects, illicit trafficing, looting, metal detecting},\n\tpages = {214--237},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The problem with looting: An alternative perspective on antiquities trafficking in Southeast Asia.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Byrne, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 41(3): 344–354. May 2016.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{byrne_problem_2016,\n\ttitle = {The problem with looting: {An} alternative perspective on antiquities trafficking in {Southeast} {Asia}},\n\tvolume = {41},\n\tissn = {0093-4690},\n\tshorttitle = {The problem with looting},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1080/00934690.2016.1179539},\n\tdoi = {10.1080/00934690.2016.1179539},\n\tabstract = {The 1950s and 1960s constitute a key “moment” in the history of the looting of archaeological sites in Southeast Asia. The emergence in the region at that time of a commodity market for antiquities such as pottery triggered a wave of illicit excavation of archaeological sites. Simultaneous with the trafficking of antiquities out of the Philippines and Thailand into the hands of private collectors and museums in the West during this period and subsequent decades a thriving domestic antiquities market developed. It is argued here that the valorization of antiquities as national heritage, rather than inhibiting acquisition by citizen collectors, facilitated a process wherein collecting became a form of cultural capital accumulation. It is inaccurate to categorize Thailand and the Philippines simply as “source” or “supply” nodes in the global antiquities trade. This paper aims for a more nuanced approach to the geoeconomics of antiquities consumption.},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Byrne, Denis},\n\tmonth = may,\n\tyear = {2016},\n\tkeywords = {Antiquities Trafficking, Cultural Capital, Philippines, Southeast Asia, Thailand, looting},\n\tpages = {344--354},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Caveat emptor! A note to Christie’s prospective buyers.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Mazza, R.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n November 2016.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Caveat$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@misc{mazza_caveat_2016,\n\ttype = {Blog},\n\ttitle = {Caveat emptor! {A} note to {Christie}’s prospective buyers},\n\turl = {https://facesandvoices.wordpress.com/2016/11/28/caveat-emptor-a-note-to-christies-prospective-buyers/},\n\turldate = {2019-07-30},\n\tjournal = {Roberta Mazza - Faces \\& Voices: People, Artefacats, Ancient History},\n\tauthor = {Mazza, Roberta},\n\tmonth = nov,\n\tyear = {2016},\n\tkeywords = {Christie's, auction, sales},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Between science and empire: the diplomatic struggle over Mesopotamian antiquities in Lisbon (1914–1926).\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Yücel, İ.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Mediterranean Historical Review, 31(2): 165–180. July 2016.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Between$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{yucel_between_2016,\n\ttitle = {Between science and empire: the diplomatic struggle over {Mesopotamian} antiquities in {Lisbon} (1914–1926)},\n\tvolume = {31},\n\tissn = {0951-8967},\n\tshorttitle = {Between science and empire},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1080/09518967.2016.1234105},\n\tdoi = {10.1080/09518967.2016.1234105},\n\tabstract = {A powerful curiosity to discover the ancient world – reaching its peak in the nineteenth century – led to British, French, and German museums to enhance their collections with a great number of Mesopotamian antiquities. Most of these were the product of excavation work, which took years, followed by a shipping process fraught with hurdles and delays – much as when Babylonian and Assyrian antiquities were stranded in Portugal over the period 1914–26. In that case Portuguese officials seized the hoard of Babylonian and Assyrian items due to be sent to Germany at the beginning of the First World War by the German Oriental Society, which had carried out excavation works in Ottoman territories in the name of Kaiser II Wilhelm. The extensive British efforts and diplomatic exchanges aimed at bringing the pieces to London after the war, presents us with important clues regarding ownership disputes over antiquities, and the imperial struggle to acquire the cultural heritage of the near east. This study reveals that, under the existing legal framework, the items eventually taken to Berlin actually belonged to the Imperial Museum in Istanbul, and analyzes the discourse of ‘scientific concern’ constructed by British diplomacy.},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Mediterranean Historical Review},\n\tauthor = {Yücel, İdris},\n\tmonth = jul,\n\tyear = {2016},\n\tkeywords = {Babylonian and Assyrian Antiquities, British Museum, German Oriental Society, Imperial Museum in Istanbul, Mesopotamia, Ottoman Empire},\n\tpages = {165--180},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Introduction to Metadata.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Baca, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n July 2016.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Introduction$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@misc{baca_introduction_2016,\n\ttype = {{InteractiveResource}},\n\ttitle = {Introduction to {Metadata}},\n\tcopyright = {© 2008, 2016 J. Paul Getty Trust},\n\turl = {http://www.getty.edu/publications/intrometadata},\n\tabstract = {Metadata provides a means of indexing, accessing, preserving, and discovering digital resources. The volume of digital information available over electronic networks has created a pressing need for standards that ensure correct and proper use and interpretation of the data by its owners and users. Well-crafted metadata is needed more now than ever before and helps users to locate, retrieve, and manage information in this vast and complex universe.\n    \n    The third edition of *Introduction to Metadata*, first published in 1998, provides an overview of metadata, including its types, roles, and characteristics; a discussion of metadata as it relates to web resources; and a description of methods, tools, standards, and protocols for publishing and disseminating digital collections. This revised edition is an indispensable resource in the field, addressing advances in standards such as linked open data, changes in intellectual property law, and new computing technologies, and offering an expanded glossary of essential terms.},\n\tlanguage = {en-US},\n\turldate = {2019-12-19},\n\tauthor = {Baca, Murtha},\n\tmonth = jul,\n\tyear = {2016},\n\tkeywords = {metadata, technology},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Global Traffic in Looted Cultural Objects.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Yates, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n December 2016.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@misc{yates_global_2016,\n\ttitle = {The {Global} {Traffic} in {Looted} {Cultural} {Objects}},\n\turl = {https://oxfordre.com/criminology/criminology/criminology/view/10.1093/acrefore/9780190264079.001.0001/acrefore-9780190264079-e-124},\n\tabstract = {"The Global Traffic in Looted Cultural Objects" published on  by Oxford University Press.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2020-04-02},\n\tjournal = {Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Criminology and Criminal Justice},\n\tauthor = {Yates, Donna},\n\tmonth = dec,\n\tyear = {2016},\n\tdoi = {10.1093/acrefore/9780190264079.013.124},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Illegal Detectorism and Archaeological Heritage: Criminal and Administrative Punitive Systems in Spain.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Yáñez, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Open Archaeology, 2(1). December 2016.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Illegal$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{yanez_illegal_2016,\n\ttitle = {Illegal {Detectorism} and {Archaeological} {Heritage}: {Criminal} and {Administrative} {Punitive} {Systems} in {Spain}},\n\tvolume = {2},\n\tissn = {2300-6560},\n\tshorttitle = {Illegal {Detectorism} and {Archaeological} {Heritage}},\n\turl = {http://www.degruyter.com/view/j/opar.2016.2.issue-1/opar-2016-0030/opar-2016-0030.xml},\n\tdoi = {10.1515/opar-2016-0030},\n\tabstract = {This paper details the punitive responses that Spain’s legal system has established for attacks on archaeological goods through the use of metal detectors. These responses to illegal acts are not the same across the board; sometimes they stem from the criminal justice system (in the most serious cases) and sometimes from the Public Authorities. Below, I have analysed these responses and their scope in an aim to provide a broad view of the different instruments related to the fight against archaeological looting.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Open Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Yáñez, Ana},\n\tmonth = dec,\n\tyear = {2016},\n\tkeywords = {archaeology, crime, metal detecting, spain},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n 2015\n \n \n (31)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Satellite Imagery-Based Analysis of Archaeological Looting in Syria.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Casana, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Near Eastern Archaeology, 78(3): 142–152. September 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Satellite$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{casana_satellite_2015,\n\ttitle = {Satellite {Imagery}-{Based} {Analysis} of {Archaeological} {Looting} in {Syria}},\n\tvolume = {78},\n\tissn = {1094-2076},\n\turl = {https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.5615/neareastarch.78.3.0142},\n\tdoi = {10.5615/neareastarch.78.3.0142},\n\tabstract = {Most efforts to evaluate the impact of the war in Syria on the country's cultural heritage have struggled with the highly politicized nature of reporting and the total absence of evidence from many regions. As part of ASOR's Cultural Heritage Initiative, this study documents patterns of looting and other forms of damage at more than 1,200 archaeological sites using recent, high-resolution satellite imagery. Analysis focuses on generating quantifiable data regarding the scope and severity of looting across Syria. Results suggest that more than 25\\% of archaeological sites in Syria have been impacted by looting since the war began, an order of magnitude increase over pre-war levels, but that the frequency and severity of looting varies significantly across areas held by different factions in the conflict.},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2020-04-24},\n\tjournal = {Near Eastern Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Casana, Jesse},\n\tmonth = sep,\n\tyear = {2015},\n\tkeywords = {remote sensing},\n\tpages = {142--152},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Ground-Based Observations of Cultural Heritage Incidents in Syria and Iraq.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Danti, M. D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Near Eastern Archaeology, 78(3): 132–141. September 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Ground-Based$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{danti_ground-based_2015,\n\ttitle = {Ground-{Based} {Observations} of {Cultural} {Heritage} {Incidents} in {Syria} and {Iraq}},\n\tvolume = {78},\n\tissn = {1094-2076},\n\turl = {https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.5615/neareastarch.78.3.0132},\n\tdoi = {10.5615/neareastarch.78.3.0132},\n\tabstract = {ASOR Cultural Heritage Initiatives (ASOR CHI) uses a wide range of ground-based observations to report on the cultural heritage situation in Syria and northern Iraq. Coupled with analyses of high-resolution satellite imagery, these sources of information provide a powerful method for quickly and accurately assessing the ongoing crisis for the US Department of State and alerting the public to the woeful loss of Near Eastern cultural heritage. Looting, combat damage, deliberate destructions of heritage places, vandalism, and uncontrolled development are all taking terrible tolls on heritage throughout the region. While all major combatants and populations are linked to the destruction, non-state Jihadi-Salafi groups such as ISIL, Al Qaeda-affiliates such as Jabhat al-Nusra, and other Islamist extremists are by far the most brazen and egregious offenders with overt policies of destroying and liquidating cultural assets to support terrorism and to conduct cultural cleansing on a scale and intensity tantamount to a global war on culture.},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2020-04-24},\n\tjournal = {Near Eastern Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Danti, Michael D.},\n\tmonth = sep,\n\tyear = {2015},\n\tkeywords = {remote sensing},\n\tpages = {132--141},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n '”Due Diligence” Christie’s antiquities auction, London, October 2015’.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Tsirogiannis, C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Art Crime, Fall: 27–37. 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{tsirogiannis_due_2015,\n\ttitle = {'”{Due} {Diligence}” {Christie}’s antiquities auction, {London}, {October} 2015’},\n\tvolume = {Fall},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Art Crime},\n\tauthor = {Tsirogiannis, Christos},\n\tyear = {2015},\n\tkeywords = {Christie's, auction, due diligence},\n\tpages = {27--37},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Countering Illicit Traffic in Cultural Goods. The Global Challenge of Protecting the World’s Heritage.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Desmarais, F.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n ICOM, 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@book{desmarais_countering_2015,\n\ttitle = {Countering {Illicit} {Traffic} in {Cultural} {Goods}. {The} {Global} {Challenge} of {Protecting} the {World}’s {Heritage}},\n\tabstract = {ICOM International Observatory on Illicit Traffic in Cultural Goods},\n\tlanguage = {English},\n\tpublisher = {ICOM},\n\tauthor = {Desmarais, France},\n\tyear = {2015},\n\tkeywords = {illicit trafficking, protection, world heritage site},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Pillages archéologiques et trafics de biens culturels en région Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Delestre, X.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@book{delestre_pillages_2015,\n\ttitle = {Pillages archéologiques et trafics de biens culturels en région {Provence}-{Alpes}-{Côte} d'{Azur}},\n\tauthor = {Delestre, Xavier},\n\tyear = {2015},\n\tkeywords = {Alpes, Cote d'Azur, Provence, illicit trafficking, looting},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Chapter 15 : Crime and Conflict: Temple Looting in Cambodia.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Davis, T.; and Mackenzie, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n In Cultural Property Crime An Overview and Analysis of Contemporary Perspectives and Trends, pages p.292–306. Brill, 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@incollection{davis_chapter_2015,\n\ttitle = {Chapter 15 : {Crime} and {Conflict}: {Temple} {Looting} in {Cambodia}},\n\tlanguage = {English},\n\tbooktitle = {Cultural {Property} {Crime} {An} {Overview} and {Analysis} of {Contemporary} {Perspectives} and {Trends}},\n\tpublisher = {Brill},\n\tauthor = {Davis, Tess and Mackenzie, Simon},\n\tyear = {2015},\n\tkeywords = {Cambodia, conflict, crime, looting, temple looting},\n\tpages = {p.292--306},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n The conflict antiquities trade: A historical overview.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Hardy, S. A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n ,p.21–31. 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{hardy_conflict_2015,\n\tseries = {Countering the illicit traffic in cultural goods: {The} global challenge of protecting the world’s heritage},\n\ttitle = {The conflict antiquities trade: {A} historical overview},\n\tlanguage = {English},\n\tauthor = {Hardy, Samuel Andrew},\n\tyear = {2015},\n\tkeywords = {conflict, conflict antiquities trade, overview},\n\tpages = {p.21--31},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Syria and its Regional Neighbors: A Case of Cultural Property Protection Policy Failure?.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Brodie, N.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n , 22: p.317–335. 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{brodie_syria_2015,\n\tseries = {International {Journal} of {Cultural} {Property}},\n\ttitle = {Syria and its {Regional} {Neighbors}: {A} {Case} of {Cultural} {Property} {Protection} {Policy} {Failure}?},\n\tvolume = {22},\n\tlanguage = {English},\n\tauthor = {Brodie, Neil},\n\tyear = {2015},\n\tkeywords = {Syria, case study, cultural property protection, policy},\n\tpages = {p.317--335},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Do we need a Kimberley Process for the Illicit Antiquities Trade? Some lessons to learn from a comparative review of transnational criminal markets and their regulation.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Mackenzie, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Technical Report ICOM, 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@techreport{mackenzie_we_2015,\n\ttitle = {Do we need a {Kimberley} {Process} for the {Illicit} {Antiquities} {Trade}? {Some} lessons to learn from a comparative review of transnational criminal markets and their regulation},\n\tinstitution = {ICOM},\n\tauthor = {Mackenzie, Simon},\n\tyear = {2015},\n\tkeywords = {illicit antiquities trade, process, transnational criminal market, transnational criminology},\n\tpages = {p.151--162},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Why Is No One Talking about Libya's Cultural Destruction?.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Brodie, N.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Near Eastern Archaeology, 78(3): 212–217. 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Why$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{brodie_why_2015,\n\ttitle = {Why {Is} {No} {One} {Talking} about {Libya}'s {Cultural} {Destruction}?},\n\tvolume = {78},\n\tissn = {1094-2076},\n\tshorttitle = {“{Why} {Is} {No} {One} {Talking} about {Libya}'s {Cultural} {Destruction}?},\n\turl = {https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.5615/neareastarch.78.3.0212},\n\tdoi = {10.5615/neareastarch.78.3.0212},\n\tabstract = {Since 1990, as country after country throughout West Asia and North Africa has fallen victim to civil disturbance or conflict, its cultural heritage has been looted to feed the demand of an international antiquities market. International public policy has failed to achieve any kind of hold on the problem. This paper looks at the reasons for policy failure, with a particular emphasis on recently implemented policy initiatives intended to safeguard cultural heritage in Syria. The paper is critical of the relationship between traditional and social media news reporting and policy making. It concludes by arguing that attempts to safeguard cultural heritage at its source are inappropriate for the task at hand and more needs to be done to tackle demand on the destination market.},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2019-11-29},\n\tjournal = {Near Eastern Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Brodie, Neil},\n\tyear = {2015},\n\tkeywords = {Lybia, crime, cultural heritage, destruction},\n\tpages = {212--217},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Looting, trafficking, and sale of illicit cultural property from Latin America.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Yates, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Countering illicit traffic in cultural goods: The global challenge of protecting the world’s heritage,33–46. 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{yates_looting_2015,\n\ttitle = {Looting, trafficking, and sale of illicit cultural property from {Latin} {America}},\n\tjournal = {Countering illicit traffic in cultural goods: The global challenge of protecting the world’s heritage},\n\tauthor = {Yates, Donna},\n\tyear = {2015},\n\tpages = {33--46},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Conflict Antiquities: Forging a Public/Private Response to Save Iraq and Syria's Endangered Cultural Heritage.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Spokesperson, O. o. t.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n US Department of State,undefined–undefined. 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Conflict$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{spokesperson_conflict_2015,\n\ttitle = {Conflict {Antiquities}: {Forging} a {Public}/{Private} {Response} to {Save} {Iraq} and {Syria}'s {Endangered} {Cultural} {Heritage}},\n\tissn = {undefined},\n\tshorttitle = {Conflict {Antiquities}},\n\turl = {https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/39d4c825-ac77-38e7-a23c-f257a09c5202/},\n\tabstract = {(2015) Spokesperson. US Department of State. The Department of State and The Metropolitan Museum of Art are co-sponsoring an experts’ symposium at The Metropolitan Museum of Art that will feature t...},\n\tlanguage = {en-GB},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {US Department of State},\n\tauthor = {Spokesperson, Office of the},\n\tyear = {2015},\n\tpages = {undefined--undefined},\n}\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Fractured oversight: The ABCs of cultural heritage in Palestine after the Oslo Accords.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Kersel, M. M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Social Archaeology, 15(1): 24–44. February 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Fractured$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{kersel_fractured_2015,\n\ttitle = {Fractured oversight: {The} {ABCs} of cultural heritage in {Palestine} after the {Oslo} {Accords}},\n\tvolume = {15},\n\tissn = {1469-6053, 1741-2951},\n\tshorttitle = {Fractured oversight},\n\turl = {http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1469605314557586},\n\tdoi = {10.1177/1469605314557586},\n\tabstract = {Palestine is a state in limbo—they lack full formal recognition as a sovereign land but possess a unique nation-state status that incorporates elements of a unified national consciousness and basic civil institutions albeit with limited autonomy. Palestine’s ambiguous political status is starkly illustrated by its convoluted territorial control, and nowhere is this more clearly attested than in the jurisdiction of archaeological sites and the display of artifacts in museums. The legislative colonial legacies of the Ottoman, the British Mandate, the Jordanians, the Egyptians, Israeli military orders, and the 1995 Oslo II Accords, which carved the Occupied Territories into a complex mosaic of areas—A, B, and C—have resulted in fractured oversight of heritage sites and objects. A case study focused on Herodium provides a fascinating lens for examining the efficacy of law and the administration of archaeological and object management in a contested landscape.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Social Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Kersel, Morag M.},\n\tmonth = feb,\n\tyear = {2015},\n\tkeywords = {Oslo Accords, Palestine, cultural heritage},\n\tpages = {24--44},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Said to be or not said to be: the findspot of the so-called Trebonianus Gallus statue at the Metropolitan Museum in New York.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Marlowe, E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of the History of Collections, 27(2): 147–157. July 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Said$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{marlowe_said_2015,\n\ttitle = {Said to be or not said to be: the findspot of the so-called {Trebonianus} {Gallus} statue at the {Metropolitan} {Museum} in {New} {York}},\n\tvolume = {27},\n\tissn = {0954-6650, 1477-8564},\n\tshorttitle = {Said to be or not said to be},\n\turl = {https://academic.oup.com/jhc/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/jhc/fhu059},\n\tdoi = {10.1093/jhc/fhu059},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Journal of the History of Collections},\n\tauthor = {Marlowe, Elizabeth},\n\tmonth = jul,\n\tyear = {2015},\n\tkeywords = {MET, Metropolitan Museum of Art, collection, provenance, provenience},\n\tpages = {147--157},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The fusion of law and ethics in cultural heritage management: The 21st century confronts archaeology.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Soderland, H. A.; and Lilley, I. A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 40(5): 508–522. October 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{soderland_fusion_2015,\n\ttitle = {The fusion of law and ethics in cultural heritage management: {The} 21st century confronts archaeology},\n\tvolume = {40},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\tshorttitle = {The fusion of law and ethics in cultural heritage management},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/2042458215Y.0000000024},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/2042458215Y.0000000024},\n\tabstract = {Archaeologists around the world face complex ethical dilemmas that defy easy solutions. Ethics and law entwine, yet jurisprudence endures as the global praxis for guidance and result. Global legal norms articulate ‘legal rights’ and obligations while codes of professional conduct articulate ‘ethical rights’ and obligations. This article underscores how a rights discourse has shaped the 20th century discipline and practice of archaeology across the globe, including in the design and execution of projects like those discussed in the Journal of Field Archaeology. It illustrates how both law and ethics have been, and still are, viewed as two distinct solution-driven approaches that, even when out of sync, are the predominant frameworks that affect archaeologists in the ﬁeld and more generally. While both law and ethics are inﬂuenced by social mores, public policy, and political objectives, each too often in cultural heritage debates has been considered a separate remedy. For archaeology, there remains the tendency to turn to law for a deﬁnite response when ethical solutions prove elusive. As contemporary society becomes increasingly interconnected and the geo-political reality of the 21st century poses new threats to protecting archaeological sites and the integrity of the archaeological record during armed conﬂict and insurgency, law has fallen short or has lacked necessary enforcement mechanisms to address on-the-ground realities. A changing global order shaped by human rights, Indigenous heritage, legal pluralism, neo-colonialism, development, diplomacy, and emerging non-State actors directs the 21st century policies that shape laws and ethics. Archaeologists in the ﬁeld today work within a nexus of domestic and international laws and regulations and must navigate increasingly complex ethical situations. Thus, a critical challenge is to realign approaches to current dilemmas facing archaeology in a way that uniﬁes the ‘legal’ and the ‘ethical’ with a focus on human rights and principles of equity and justice. With examples from around the world, this article considers how law and ethics affect professional practice and demonstrates how engagement with law and awareness of ethics are pivotal to archaeologists in the ﬁeld.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {5},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Soderland, Hilary A. and Lilley, Ian A.},\n\tmonth = oct,\n\tyear = {2015},\n\tkeywords = {cultural heritage management, ethics, law},\n\tpages = {508--522},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n

\n Archaeologists around the world face complex ethical dilemmas that defy easy solutions. Ethics and law entwine, yet jurisprudence endures as the global praxis for guidance and result. Global legal norms articulate ‘legal rights’ and obligations while codes of professional conduct articulate ‘ethical rights’ and obligations. This article underscores how a rights discourse has shaped the 20th century discipline and practice of archaeology across the globe, including in the design and execution of projects like those discussed in the Journal of Field Archaeology. It illustrates how both law and ethics have been, and still are, viewed as two distinct solution-driven approaches that, even when out of sync, are the predominant frameworks that affect archaeologists in the ﬁeld and more generally. While both law and ethics are inﬂuenced by social mores, public policy, and political objectives, each too often in cultural heritage debates has been considered a separate remedy. For archaeology, there remains the tendency to turn to law for a deﬁnite response when ethical solutions prove elusive. As contemporary society becomes increasingly interconnected and the geo-political reality of the 21st century poses new threats to protecting archaeological sites and the integrity of the archaeological record during armed conﬂict and insurgency, law has fallen short or has lacked necessary enforcement mechanisms to address on-the-ground realities. A changing global order shaped by human rights, Indigenous heritage, legal pluralism, neo-colonialism, development, diplomacy, and emerging non-State actors directs the 21st century policies that shape laws and ethics. Archaeologists in the ﬁeld today work within a nexus of domestic and international laws and regulations and must navigate increasingly complex ethical situations. Thus, a critical challenge is to realign approaches to current dilemmas facing archaeology in a way that uniﬁes the ‘legal’ and the ‘ethical’ with a focus on human rights and principles of equity and justice. With examples from around the world, this article considers how law and ethics affect professional practice and demonstrates how engagement with law and awareness of ethics are pivotal to archaeologists in the ﬁeld.\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Combatting cultural property looting and trafficking: the US experience.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Kouroupas, M. P.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Uniform Law Review - Revue de droit uniforme, 20(4): 528–534. December 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Combatting$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{kouroupas_combatting_2015,\n\ttitle = {Combatting cultural property looting and trafficking: the {US} experience},\n\tvolume = {20},\n\tissn = {1124-3694, 2050-9065},\n\tshorttitle = {Combatting cultural property looting and trafficking},\n\turl = {https://academic.oup.com/ulr/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/ulr/unv042},\n\tdoi = {10.1093/ulr/unv042},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Uniform Law Review - Revue de droit uniforme},\n\tauthor = {Kouroupas, Maria P.},\n\tmonth = dec,\n\tyear = {2015},\n\tkeywords = {US, looting, trafficking},\n\tpages = {528--534},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Museums, collectors, and value manipulation: tax fraud through donation of antiquities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Yates, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Financial Crime, 23(1): 173–186. January 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Museums,$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{yates_museums_2015,\n\ttitle = {Museums, collectors, and value manipulation: tax fraud through donation of antiquities},\n\tvolume = {23},\n\tissn = {1359-0790},\n\tshorttitle = {Museums, collectors, and value manipulation},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1108/JFC-11-2014-0051},\n\tdoi = {10.1108/JFC-11-2014-0051},\n\tabstract = {Purpose This paper aims to discuss the key aspects of the international trade in antiquities and the practice of philanthropic donation of objects to museums that allow for certain types of tax deduction manipulation, using a case of tax deduction manipulation from Australia and a case of tax fraud from the United States as examples. Design/methodology/approach Two thoroughly researched case studies are presented which illustrate the particular features of current and past antiquities donation incentivisation schemes which leave them open to manipulation and fraud. Findings The valuation of antiquities is subjective and problematic, and the operations of both the antiquities market and the museums sector are traditionally opaque. Because of this, tax incentivisation of antiquities donations is susceptible to fraud. Originality/value This paper presents the mechanisms of the antiquities market and museum world to an audience that is not familiar with it. It then clearly demonstrates how the traditional practices of this world can be manipulated for the purposes of tax fraud. Two useful case studies are presented.},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2020-04-02},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Financial Crime},\n\tauthor = {Yates, Donna},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2015},\n\tkeywords = {Antiquities, Appraisal, Donations, Fraud, Museums, Tax deductions},\n\tpages = {173--186},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Syria's world cultural heritage and individual criminal responsibility.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Lostal, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Review of Law, 2015(1). January 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Syria's$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{lostal_syrias_2015,\n\ttitle = {Syria's world cultural heritage and individual criminal responsibility},\n\tvolume = {2015},\n\tcopyright = {Copyright (c)  Studies in Business and Economics},\n\tissn = {2223-859X},\n\turl = {https://journals.qu.edu.qa/index.php/IRL/article/view/1242},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {International Review of Law},\n\tauthor = {Lostal, Marina},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2015},\n\tkeywords = {Chautauqua Blueprint, Syrian Antiquities Law, Syrian world cultural heritage, crimes against common cultural heritage, criminal accountability},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Creating the Iraq cultural property destruction database: calculating a heritage destruction index.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Isakhan, B.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Journal of Heritage Studies, 21(1): 1–21. January 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Creating$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{isakhan_creating_2015,\n\ttitle = {Creating the {Iraq} cultural property destruction database: calculating a heritage destruction index},\n\tvolume = {21},\n\tissn = {1352-7258, 1470-3610},\n\tshorttitle = {Creating the {Iraq} cultural property destruction database},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13527258.2013.868818},\n\tdoi = {10.1080/13527258.2013.868818},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {International Journal of Heritage Studies},\n\tauthor = {Isakhan, Benjamin},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2015},\n\tkeywords = {Iraq, cultural property, database, destruction, technology},\n\tpages = {1--21},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Legal study on the protection of cultural heritage through the resolutions of the Security Council of the United Nations; Cultural Heritage through the prism of resolution 2199(2015) of the Security Council.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Négri, V.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Technical Report UNESCO, March 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@techreport{negri_legal_2015,\n\ttitle = {Legal study on the protection of cultural heritage through the resolutions of the {Security} {Council} of the {United} {Nations}; {Cultural} {Heritage} through the prism of resolution 2199(2015) of the {Security} {Council}},\n\tinstitution = {UNESCO},\n\tauthor = {Négri, Vincent},\n\tmonth = mar,\n\tyear = {2015},\n\tkeywords = {Security Council, United Nations, cultural heritage, law, protection, resolutions},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Ancient coins, find spots, and import restrictions: A critique of arguments made in the Ancient Coin Collectors Guild’s “test case”.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Elkins, N. T.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 40(2): 236–243. April 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Ancient$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{elkins_ancient_2015,\n\ttitle = {Ancient coins, find spots, and import restrictions: {A} critique of arguments made in the {Ancient} {Coin} {Collectors} {Guild}’s “test case”},\n\tvolume = {40},\n\tissn = {0093-4690},\n\tshorttitle = {Ancient coins, find spots, and import restrictions},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1179/0093469015Z.000000000114},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/0093469015Z.000000000114},\n\tabstract = {The Ancient Coin Collectors Guild (ACCG) has launched multiple legal challenges aimed at undermining import restrictions on ancient coins into the United States in bilateral agreements with foreign countries. One key component of the ACCG’s argument is that the State Department has inappropriately restricted certain types of coins according to where they were made rather than where they are found, as mandated by the 1983 Convention on Cultural Property Implementation Act. Although the ACCG has thus far been unsuccessful, it has not been pointed out that existing import restrictions on coins, in fact, have been written to include coins that tended to circulate locally and that are found primarily within the borders of the country with which the bilateral agreement is made. The ACCG’s argument is thus on shaky ground. As the ACCG continues to press ahead with new litigation, it is worth drawing attention to realities and probabilities of ancient coin circulation as they pertain to protected coins.},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Elkins, Nathan T.},\n\tmonth = apr,\n\tyear = {2015},\n\tkeywords = {ACCG, CPAC, CPIA, antiquities trade, coins, lobbying, looting},\n\tpages = {236--243},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Digging and destruction: artifact collecting as meaningful social practice.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Hart, S. M.; and Chilton, E. S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Journal of Heritage Studies, 21(4): 318–335. April 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Digging$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{hart_digging_2015,\n\ttitle = {Digging and destruction: artifact collecting as meaningful social practice},\n\tvolume = {21},\n\tissn = {1352-7258, 1470-3610},\n\tshorttitle = {Digging and destruction},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13527258.2014.934267},\n\tdoi = {10.1080/13527258.2014.934267},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {International Journal of Heritage Studies},\n\tauthor = {Hart, Siobhan M. and Chilton, Elizabeth S.},\n\tmonth = apr,\n\tyear = {2015},\n\tkeywords = {collecting, destruction, digging, looting, social practice},\n\tpages = {318--335},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n A Critical Assessment of US Intelligence's Investigation of Nazi Art Looting.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Salter, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of International Criminal Justice, 13(2): 257–280. May 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"A$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{salter_critical_2015,\n\ttitle = {A {Critical} {Assessment} of {US} {Intelligence}'s {Investigation} of {Nazi} {Art} {Looting}},\n\tvolume = {13},\n\tissn = {1478-1387, 1478-1395},\n\turl = {https://academic.oup.com/jicj/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/jicj/mqv015},\n\tdoi = {10.1093/jicj/mqv015},\n\tabstract = {This law-in-action study builds upon and extends a series of earlier case studies published in academic journals devoted to the disciplines of both international criminal law (ICL) and intelligence studies, whose main source material is recently declassified security documentation. Taken as a whole, and often for the first time, such indepth case studies have uncovered the important role intelligence agencies have played (and presumably still play) within the highly selective and politically mediated enforcement of ICL often taking place in the shadows of court proceedings. The specific focus of the present study is the criminal investigation and law enforcement roles played by a small elite group of art experts recruited by US intelligence in late 1944: the Office of Strategic Services’ (OSS) Art Looting Investigation Unit (ALIU). Members of this Unit were involved in the investigation of Nazi cultural plunder, including through covert means and intensive interrogations of complicit dealers. Their efforts culminated in the looting (‘spoliation’) charges a number of the major Nuremberg defendants faced, including Herman Go« ring, Hans Frank and Alfred Rosenberg. This study details and provides a sympathetic ç yet ultimately critical ç assessment of their criminal investigative fieldwork. It highlights their achievements in terms of evidence gathering and analysis that was successfully fed into both the cultural plunder and spoliation charges at the Nuremberg trials, as well as the partial frustration of the ALIU’s mission objectives with respect to later post-war prosecutions. It provides additional insights into the fragility of ICL enforcement when confronted with a range of countervailing geopolitical imperatives.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Journal of International Criminal Justice},\n\tauthor = {Salter, M.},\n\tmonth = may,\n\tyear = {2015},\n\tkeywords = {US, nazi-looting},\n\tpages = {257--280},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Rape of Kuwait’s National Memory.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Montgomery, B. P.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Journal of Cultural Property, 22(1): 61–84. February 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{montgomery_rape_2015,\n\ttitle = {The {Rape} of {Kuwait}’s {National} {Memory}},\n\tvolume = {22},\n\tissn = {0940-7391, 1465-7317},\n\turl = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/international-journal-of-cultural-property/article/rape-of-kuwaits-national-memory/6E0738575E06F30DF1E5C8DA692FE3CA},\n\tdoi = {10.1017/S0940739115000053},\n\tabstract = {In the August 1990 invasion of Kuwait, Iraqi forces prosecuted a mass campaign of pillage and destruction. Under the coordinated direction of Iraqi curators who were well acquainted with Kuwait’s cultural treasures, occupying Iraqi troops plundered thousands of cultural objects from museums, libraries, and archives. Among the pillaged cultural spoils were Kuwait’s national archives, comprising the emirate’s historical memory. Until recently, Iraq was beholden to UN sanctions demanding the return of missing persons and property, including Kuwait’s archives. Although the United Nations Security Council for many years has facilitated efforts to search for the lost archives, these efforts have proved futile. This article explores the plausibility of the two most likely scenarios surrounding the cold case of Kuwait’s missing archives: 1) that the current search for the archives has overlooked the possibility that they were unknowingly seized by US forces in the 2003 invasion of Iraq and are currently being held by the Pentagon; and 2) that the archives may have been intentionally destroyed as part of Saddam Hussein’s aim to obliterate Kuwait’s national identity and annex the emirate as Iraq’s nineteenth province.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {International Journal of Cultural Property},\n\tauthor = {Montgomery, Bruce P.},\n\tmonth = feb,\n\tyear = {2015},\n\tpages = {61--84},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Digging in and Trafficking Out: How the Destruction of Cultural Heritage Funds Terrorism.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Howard, R.; Elliot, M.; and Prohov, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n , 8: p.14–18. February 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{howard_digging_2015,\n\tseries = {{CTC} {Sentinel} – {Combating} {Terrorism} {Center} at {West} {Point}},\n\ttitle = {Digging in and {Trafficking} {Out}: {How} the {Destruction} of {Cultural} {Heritage} {Funds} {Terrorism}},\n\tvolume = {8},\n\tlanguage = {English},\n\tauthor = {Howard, Russell and Elliot, Marc and Prohov, Jonathan},\n\tmonth = feb,\n\tyear = {2015},\n\tkeywords = {destruction, digging, illicit trafficking, looting, terrorism, trafficking},\n\tpages = {p.14--18},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Looting and vandalism around a World Heritage Site: Documenting modern damage to archaeological heritage in Petra’s hinterland.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Vella, C.; Bocancea, E.; Urban, T. M.; Knodell, A. R.; Tuttle, C. A.; and Alcock, S. E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 40(2): 221–235. April 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Looting$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{vella_looting_2015,\n\ttitle = {Looting and vandalism around a {World} {Heritage} {Site}: {Documenting} modern damage to archaeological heritage in {Petra}’s hinterland},\n\tvolume = {40},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\tshorttitle = {Looting and vandalism around a {World} {Heritage} {Site}},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/0093469015Z.000000000119},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/0093469015Z.000000000119},\n\tabstract = {In 2012 the ancient city of Petra celebrated the 200th anniversary of its Western re-identification. The Brown University Petra Archaeological Project (BUPAP) has sought to document the northern hinterland of Petra through a multi-component methodology that includes intensive field survey, feature documentation, and limited test excavations. The iconic site of Petra has a long and storied history, and it is a site that presents many challenges to archaeologists and cultural heritage managers. During a series of test excavations, meant to ground truth locations earmarked by the overlapping intensive field survey and feature documentation, several patterns of looting were identified. These instances of looting were often paralleled by observed vandalism that defaced archaeological heritage, within and outside the Petra Archaeological Park, with archaeological artifacts being sold to tourists at nearby shops. This study provides crucial documentation of these processes of vandalism and looting recorded over the last three years. We propose that only through continued monitoring can local authorities be provided with ample evidence calling for additional cultural heritage protection.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Vella, Clive and Bocancea, Emanuela and Urban, Thomas M. and Knodell, Alex R. and Tuttle, Christopher A. and Alcock, Susan E.},\n\tmonth = apr,\n\tyear = {2015},\n\tkeywords = {Petra, damage, looting, vandalism, world heritage site},\n\tpages = {221--235},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Responding to a Cultural Heritage Crisis: The Example of the Safeguarding the Heritage of Syria and Iraq Project.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Quntar, S. A.; Hanson, K.; Daniels, B. I.; and Wegener, C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Near Eastern Archaeology, 78(3): 154–160. September 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Responding$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{quntar_responding_2015,\n\ttitle = {Responding to a {Cultural} {Heritage} {Crisis}: {The} {Example} of the {Safeguarding} the {Heritage} of {Syria} and {Iraq} {Project}},\n\tvolume = {78},\n\tissn = {1094-2076},\n\tshorttitle = {Responding to a {Cultural} {Heritage} {Crisis}},\n\turl = {https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.5615/neareastarch.78.3.0154},\n\tdoi = {10.5615/neareastarch.78.3.0154},\n\tabstract = {Considerable attention has been given to the ongoing destruction of cultural heritage as part of the current crisis in Syria and Iraq. While many academic responses have started the important work of documenting the extent and scale of the damage to cultural sites in both countries, there have been fewer attempts to work within a humanitarian framework in order to support Syrians and Iraqis who are undertaking emergency efforts to protect heritage at risk. This article discusses the strategies employed by the Safeguarding the Heritage of Syria and Iraq (SHOSI) Project to assist in-country professionals and civil society activists in their attempts to protect key heritage sites. The approach combines the empowerment of Syrians and Iraqis in decision-making about their heritage while supporting them with the logistics and resources necessary to carry out emergency efforts. It demonstrates one case study of how on-the-ground protection can be achieved.},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {Near Eastern Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Quntar, Salam Al and Hanson, Katharyn and Daniels, Brian I. and Wegener, Corine},\n\tmonth = sep,\n\tyear = {2015},\n\tpages = {154--160},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n ISIS, Heritage, and the Spectacles of Destruction in the Global Media.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Harmanşah, Ö.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Near Eastern Archaeology, 78(3): 170–177. September 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"ISIS,$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{harmansah_isis_2015,\n\ttitle = {{ISIS}, {Heritage}, and the {Spectacles} of {Destruction} in the {Global} {Media}},\n\tvolume = {78},\n\tissn = {1094-2076},\n\turl = {https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.5615/neareastarch.78.3.0170},\n\tdoi = {10.5615/neareastarch.78.3.0170},\n\tabstract = {This paper focuses on ISIS's recent destruction of archaeological heritage in Iraq and its (self-) representation in the global media. It is argued that the Islamic State's destruction of archaeological sites and museums as well as historical monuments and local shrines can be seen as a form of place-based violence that aims to annihilate the local sense of belonging, and the collective sense of memory among local communities, to whom the heritage belongs. It is also suggested that the Islamic State coordinates and choreographs these destructions as mediatic spectacles of violence aimed at objects and sites of heritage, which take place as re-enactments or historical performances that are communicated to us through ISIS's own image-making apparatus that utilizes advanced technologies of visualization and communication.},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {Near Eastern Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Harmanşah, Ömür},\n\tmonth = sep,\n\tyear = {2015},\n\tpages = {170--177},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Is looting-to-order “just a myth”? Open-source analysis of theft-to-order of cultural property.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Hardy, S. A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Cogent Social Sciences, 1(1): 1087110. December 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Is$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{hardy_is_2015,\n\ttitle = {Is looting-to-order “just a myth”? {Open}-source analysis of theft-to-order of cultural property},\n\tvolume = {1},\n\tissn = {null},\n\tshorttitle = {Is looting-to-order “just a myth”?},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2015.1087110},\n\tdoi = {10.1080/23311886.2015.1087110},\n\tabstract = {Looting-to-order or theft-to-order of cultural assets has been widely dismissed as a myth. To test that, an open-source analysis of cases and testimony from law enforcement agents, perpetrators of cultural property crime and cultural heritage professionals was conducted. Web searches were conducted for reports that addressed looting, stealing or theft of cultural property on commission or to order; for material that discussed looters, robbers or thieves who had been contracted, employed, hired or paid to extract antiquities; and for academic publications that discussed “looting to order”, “theft to order” or any commodity “stolen to order”. Source-end employment/contracting that did not demonstrate a direct connection to market-end purchase and other cases that might have constituted “stealing to offer” were excluded, as were implicit and complicit orders that did not establish a contractual relationship. The analysis found historic and global evidence of commissioned theft of cultural property. It also found evidence that theft-to-order was a significant problem in some places and had served as a structure for conflict antiquities trading in Argentina, Cambodia and Syria. Since it is an exceptionally challenging form of an already difficult-to-police crime, the evidence of theft-to-order reinforces demands for increased market regulation through export and import licensing.},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Cogent Social Sciences},\n\tauthor = {Hardy, Samuel Andrew},\n\tmonth = dec,\n\tyear = {2015},\n\tkeywords = {conflict antiquities trade, cybercrime, illicit antiquities trade, open-source analysis, organized crime, property crime, theft-to-order},\n\tpages = {1087110},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n From the Ground, Up: The Looting of Vưườn Chuối within the Vietnamese and Southeast Asian Antiquities Trade.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Huffer, D.; Chappell, D.; Dzung, L. T. M.; and Nguyễn, H. L.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Public Archaeology, 14(4): 224–239. October 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"From$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{huffer_ground_2015,\n\ttitle = {From the {Ground}, {Up}: {The} {Looting} of {Vưườn} {Chuối} within the {Vietnamese} and {Southeast} {Asian} {Antiquities} {Trade}},\n\tvolume = {14},\n\tissn = {1465-5187},\n\tshorttitle = {From the {Ground}, {Up}},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1080/14655187.2016.1194715},\n\tdoi = {10.1080/14655187.2016.1194715},\n\tabstract = {The exact nature of the illicit antiquities trade from ground to market in Southeast Asia remains poorly known outside of Thailand and Cambodia, where most research has been focused. This paper helps to address this imbalance by documenting and contextualizing looting activities at the Bronze and Iron Age site of Vưườn Chuối, located within urban Hanoi. A brief excavation history is provided so as to place recent looting into archaeological context. The methods used to document the recent and on-going looting observed are then discussed, followed by the nature of the current threat to Vưườn Chuối and a summation of what little is known about the Vietnamese antiquities trade in general and its relationship to regional antiquities trafficking. Finally, we discuss the current regulatory landscape in terms of constitutional, ownership, penal and international law, difficulties with enforcement and prosecution, and what course of action is needed not only to protect Vưườn Chuối and similar sites in and around Hanoi, but also to continue to raise public awareness of the archaeological repercussions of the trade itself.},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Public Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Huffer, Damien and Chappell, Duncan and Dzung, Lâm Thị Mỹ and Nguyễn, Hoàng Long},\n\tmonth = oct,\n\tyear = {2015},\n\tkeywords = {Antiquities Trade, Cultural Property Legislation, Hanoi, Public Outreach, Southeast Asia, Vietnam, Vuon Chuoi},\n\tpages = {224--239},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Value and doubt: the persuasive power of 'authenticity' in the antiquities market.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Yates, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n PARSE: Platform for Artistic Research Sweden, 2: 71–84. November 2015.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Value$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{yates_value_2015,\n\ttitle = {Value and doubt: the persuasive power of 'authenticity' in the antiquities market},\n\tvolume = {2},\n\tissn = {2002-0953},\n\tshorttitle = {Value and doubt},\n\turl = {http://parsejournal.com/article/value-and-doubt/},\n\tabstract = {No abstract available.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2019-11-29},\n\tjournal = {PARSE: Platform for Artistic Research Sweden},\n\tauthor = {Yates, Donna},\n\tmonth = nov,\n\tyear = {2015},\n\tkeywords = {antiquities market, authenticity, value},\n\tpages = {71--84},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n 2014\n \n \n (26)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Investigating archaeological looting using satellite images and GEORADAR: the experience in Lambayeque in North Peru.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Lasaponara, R.; Leucci, G.; Masini, N.; and Persico, R.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Archaeological Science, 42: 216–230. February 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Investigating$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{lasaponara_investigating_2014,\n\ttitle = {Investigating archaeological looting using satellite images and {GEORADAR}: the experience in {Lambayeque} in {North} {Peru}},\n\tvolume = {42},\n\tissn = {0305-4403},\n\tshorttitle = {Investigating archaeological looting using satellite images and {GEORADAR}},\n\turl = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305440313003798},\n\tdoi = {10.1016/j.jas.2013.10.032},\n\tabstract = {Illegal excavations represent one of the main risks which affect the archaeological heritage all over the world. They cause a massive loss of artefacts but also, and above all, a loss of the cultural context, which makes the subsequent interpretation of archaeological remains very difficult. Remote sensing offers a suitable chance to quantify and analyse this phenomenon, especially in those countries, from Southern America to Middle East, where the surveillance on site is not much effective and time consuming or non practicable due to military or political restrictions. In this paper we focus on the use of GeoEye and Google Earth imagery to quantitatively assess looting in Ventarron (Lambayeque, Peru) that is one of most important archaeological sites in Southern America. Multitemporal satellite images acquired for the study area have been processed by using both autocorrelation statistics and unsupervised classification to highlight and extract looting patterns. The mapping of areas affected by looting offered the opportunity to investigate such areas not previously systematically documented. To this purpose Ground Penetrating Radar prospections were conducted in some looted sites.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2020-04-24},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Archaeological Science},\n\tauthor = {Lasaponara, Rosa and Leucci, Giovanni and Masini, Nicola and Persico, Raffaele},\n\tmonth = feb,\n\tyear = {2014},\n\tkeywords = {Archaeological looting, Automatic classification, Georadar, Lambayeque, Peru, Pre-Hispanic archaeology, Satellite remote sensing, Spatial autocorrelation},\n\tpages = {216--230},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Satellites track heritage loss across Syria and Iraq.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Lawler, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Science, 346(6214): 1162–1163. December 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Satellites$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{lawler_satellites_2014,\n\ttitle = {Satellites track heritage loss across {Syria} and {Iraq}},\n\tvolume = {346},\n\tissn = {0036-8075, 1095-9203},\n\turl = {http://www.sciencemag.org/lookup/doi/10.1126/science.346.6214.1162},\n\tdoi = {10.1126/science.346.6214.1162},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {6214},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Science},\n\tauthor = {Lawler, Andrew},\n\tmonth = dec,\n\tyear = {2014},\n\tkeywords = {Iraq, Syria, looting, satellite imagery, technology},\n\tpages = {1162--1163},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Satellite-Based Monitoring of Looting and Damage to Archaeological Sites in Syria.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Casana, J.; and Panahipour, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Eastern Mediterranean Archaeology & Heritage Studies, 2(2): 128–151. 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Satellite-Based$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{casana_satellite-based_2014,\n\ttitle = {Satellite-{Based} {Monitoring} of {Looting} and {Damage} to {Archaeological} {Sites} in {Syria}},\n\tvolume = {2},\n\tissn = {2166-3548},\n\turl = {https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5325/jeasmedarcherstu.2.2.0128},\n\tdoi = {10.5325/jeasmedarcherstu.2.2.0128},\n\tabstract = {This article presents analysis of recent, high-resolution satellite imagery to document looting and damage to archaeological sites in Syria that have taken place as a consequence of the ongoing civil war. The effort relies on 2012 and 2013 GeoEye and WorldView imagery covering 30 key sites, alongside freely available imagery served on Google Earth and Bing Maps. Results reveal widespread damage to archaeological sites across the country, caused both by looting and military activities. Ongoing satellite-based monitoring provides a powerful method to document looting and destruction, and will ultimately prove helpful in structuring post-war damage assessment and reconstruction in Syria.},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2020-04-24},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Eastern Mediterranean Archaeology \\& Heritage Studies},\n\tauthor = {Casana, Jesse and Panahipour, Mitra},\n\tyear = {2014},\n\tkeywords = {remote sensing},\n\tpages = {128--151},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Shipwrecked heritage: a commentary on the UNESCO Convention on underwater cultural heritage.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n O'Keefe, P. J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Institute of Art and Law, Crickadarn, Builth Wells, UK, Second edition edition, 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@book{okeefe_shipwrecked_2014,\n\taddress = {Crickadarn, Builth Wells, UK},\n\tedition = {Second edition},\n\ttitle = {Shipwrecked heritage: a commentary on the {UNESCO} {Convention} on underwater cultural heritage},\n\tisbn = {9781903987339},\n\tshorttitle = {Shipwrecked heritage},\n\tabstract = {Shipwrecks are a significant source of history derived from archaeological examination. They are also a source of wonder and enjoyment for those who can go beneath the sea or experience these pleasures through film or video. But all this depends on the proper treatment of wrecks and other underwater sites. If they are destroyed by haphazard ripping of objects from the site, the information and enjoyment are destroyed forever.\n\nIn November 2001, in an effort to prevent this happening and to establish rules for the proper treatment of underwater cultural heritage, some 87 States voted in favour of the Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage. This book explains the origin of the Convention, the politics behind its preparation and gives an interpretation of its provisions.\n\nThis completely updated second edition of the book originally published in 2002 examines the background to the 2001 UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage and provides a detailed commentary on all the Articles of the Convention and the Rules contained in the Annex, clearly demonstrating the way in which the Convention seeks to regulate salvage and other activities relating to shipwrecks. The book provides contemporary examples of the impact of underwater salvage operations on the cultural heritage located beneath the surface of the oceans and the way in which the Convention can address these issues.},\n\tpublisher = {Institute of Art and Law},\n\tauthor = {O'Keefe, Patrick J.},\n\tyear = {2014},\n\tkeywords = {Cultural property, Law and legislation, Protection (International law), Shipwrecks, Underwater archaeology},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n UNIDROIT Convention on Stolen or Illegally Exported Cultural Objects (1995).\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n O’Keefe, P. J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n In Smith, C., editor(s), Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology, pages 7450–7455. Springer New York, New York, NY, 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"UNIDROIT$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n 1 download\n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@incollection{smith_unidroit_2014,\n\taddress = {New York, NY},\n\ttitle = {{UNIDROIT} {Convention} on {Stolen} or {Illegally} {Exported} {Cultural} {Objects} (1995)},\n\tisbn = {978-1-4419-0426-3 978-1-4419-0465-2},\n\turl = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-1-4419-0465-2_1268},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tbooktitle = {Encyclopedia of {Global} {Archaeology}},\n\tpublisher = {Springer New York},\n\tauthor = {O’Keefe, Patrick J.},\n\teditor = {Smith, Claire},\n\tyear = {2014},\n\tdoi = {10.1007/978-1-4419-0465-2_1268},\n\tkeywords = {UNIDROIT},\n\tpages = {7450--7455},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Aramaic Incantation Bowls in War and in Peace.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Brodie, N.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n ,p.9–14. 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{brodie_aramaic_2014,\n\tseries = {The {Journal} of {Art} {Crime}},\n\ttitle = {Aramaic {Incantation} {Bowls} in {War} and in {Peace}},\n\tauthor = {Brodie, Neil},\n\tyear = {2014},\n\tkeywords = {Iraq, antiquities trade, ethics, incantation bowls, scholars, war},\n\tpages = {p.9--14},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Satellite-Based Monitoring of Looting and Damage to Archaeological Sites in Syria.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Casana; and Panahipour\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Eastern Mediterranean Archaeology & Heritage Studies, 2(2): 128. 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Satellite-Based$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{casana_satellite-based_2014,\n\ttitle = {Satellite-{Based} {Monitoring} of {Looting} and {Damage} to {Archaeological} {Sites} in {Syria}},\n\tvolume = {2},\n\tissn = {21663548},\n\turl = {http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5325/jeasmedarcherstu.2.2.0128},\n\tdoi = {10.5325/jeasmedarcherstu.2.2.0128},\n\tabstract = {This article presents analysis of recent, high-resolution satellite imagery to document looting and damage to archaeological sites in Syria that have taken place as a consequence of the ongoing civil war. The effort relies on 2012 and 2013 GeoEye and WorldView imagery covering 30 key sites, alongside freely available imagery served on Google Earth and Bing Maps. Results reveal w idespread damage to archaeological sites across the country, caused both by looting and military activities. Ongoing s atellite-based monitoring provides a powerful method to document looting and destruction, and will ultimately prove helpful in structuring post-war damage a ssessment and reconstruction in Syria.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Eastern Mediterranean Archaeology \\& Heritage Studies},\n\tauthor = {{Casana} and {Panahipour}},\n\tyear = {2014},\n\tkeywords = {Syria, damage, destruction, looting, monitoring, satellite imagery},\n\tpages = {128},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Lies, damned lies, and archaeologists: Antiquities trafficking research as criminology and the ethics of identification.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Yates, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n AP: Online Journal in Public Archaeology, 4(Extra 2): 7–20. 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Lies,$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{yates_lies_2014,\n\ttitle = {Lies, damned lies, and archaeologists: {Antiquities} trafficking research as criminology and the ethics of identification},\n\tvolume = {4},\n\tissn = {2171-6315},\n\tshorttitle = {Lies, damned lies, and archaeologists},\n\turl = {https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=5966119},\n\tabstract = {Autoría: Donna Yates.\nLocalización: AP: Online Journal in Public Archaeology. Nº. 2, 2014.\nArtículo de Revista en Dialnet.},\n\tlanguage = {eng},\n\tnumber = {Extra 2},\n\turldate = {2020-04-02},\n\tjournal = {AP: Online Journal in Public Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Yates, Donna},\n\tyear = {2014},\n\tpages = {7--20},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n The Massacre in San Jose: The Sale of Dismembered Manuscripts of Christian Egypt on eBay.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Takla, H.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n In Atanassova, D.; and Chronz, T., editor(s), Synaxis Katholike, pages 705–16. LIT Verlag, Wien, 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@incollection{takla_massacre_2014,\n\taddress = {Wien},\n\ttitle = {The {Massacre} in {San} {Jose}: {The} {Sale} of {Dismembered} {Manuscripts} of {Christian} {Egypt} on {eBay}},\n\tisbn = {978-3-643-50552-1},\n\tbooktitle = {Synaxis {Katholike}},\n\tpublisher = {LIT Verlag},\n\tauthor = {Takla, Hany},\n\teditor = {Atanassova, D. and Chronz, T.},\n\tyear = {2014},\n\tpages = {705--16},\n}\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Investigating archaeological looting using satellite images and GEORADAR: the experience in Lambayeque in North Peru.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Lasaponara, R.; Leucci, G.; Masini, N.; and Persico, R.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Archaeological Science, 42: 216–230. February 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Investigating$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{lasaponara_investigating_2014,\n\ttitle = {Investigating archaeological looting using satellite images and {GEORADAR}: the experience in {Lambayeque} in {North} {Peru}},\n\tvolume = {42},\n\tissn = {03054403},\n\tshorttitle = {Investigating archaeological looting using satellite images and {GEORADAR}},\n\turl = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0305440313003798},\n\tdoi = {10.1016/j.jas.2013.10.032},\n\tabstract = {Illegal excavations represent one of the main risks which affect the archaeological heritage all over the world. They cause a massive loss of artefacts but also, and above all, a loss of the cultural context, which makes the subsequent interpretation of archaeological remains very difﬁcult. Remote sensing offers a suitable chance to quantify and analyse this phenomenon, especially in those countries, from Southern America to Middle East, where the surveillance on site is not much effective and time consuming or non practicable due to military or political restrictions.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Archaeological Science},\n\tauthor = {Lasaponara, Rosa and Leucci, Giovanni and Masini, Nicola and Persico, Raffaele},\n\tmonth = feb,\n\tyear = {2014},\n\tkeywords = {Lambayeqye, Peru, georadar, looting, satellite imagery, technology},\n\tpages = {216--230},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Temple Looting in Cambodia: Anatomy of a Statue Trafficking Network.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Mackenzie, S.; and Davis, T.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n British Journal of Criminology, 54(5): 722–740. September 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Temple$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{mackenzie_temple_2014,\n\ttitle = {Temple {Looting} in {Cambodia}: {Anatomy} of a {Statue} {Trafficking} {Network}},\n\tvolume = {54},\n\tissn = {0007-0955, 1464-3529},\n\tshorttitle = {Temple {Looting} in {Cambodia}},\n\turl = {https://academic.oup.com/bjc/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/bjc/azu038},\n\tdoi = {10.1093/bjc/azu038},\n\tabstract = {Qualitative empirical studies of the illicit antiquities trade have tended to focus either on the supply end, through interviews with looters, or on the demand end, through interviews with dealers, museums and collectors. Trafficking of artefacts across borders from source to market has until now been something of an evidential black hole. Here, we present the first empirical study of a statue trafficking network, using oral history interviews conducted during ethnographic criminology fieldwork in Cambodia and Thailand. The data begin to answer many of the pressing but unresolved questions in academic studies of this particular criminal market, such as whether organized crime is involved in antiquities looting and trafficking (yes), whether the traffic in looted artefacts overlaps with the insertion of fakes into the market (yes) and how many stages there are between looting at source and the placing of objects for public sale in internationally respected venues (surprisingly few).},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {5},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {British Journal of Criminology},\n\tauthor = {Mackenzie, Simon and Davis, Tess},\n\tmonth = sep,\n\tyear = {2014},\n\tkeywords = {Cambodia, looting, temple looting, trafficking networks},\n\tpages = {722--740},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n From Babylon to Baghdad: Cultural Heritage and Constitutional Law in the Republic of Iraq.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Davis, T.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Journal of Cultural Property, 21(4): 445–463. November 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"From$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{davis_babylon_2014,\n\ttitle = {From {Babylon} to {Baghdad}: {Cultural} {Heritage} and {Constitutional} {Law} in the {Republic} of {Iraq}},\n\tvolume = {21},\n\tissn = {0940-7391, 1465-7317},\n\tshorttitle = {From {Babylon} to {Baghdad}},\n\turl = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0940739114000265/type/journal_article},\n\tdoi = {10.1017/S0940739114000265},\n\tabstract = {The Constitution of the Republic of Iraq entered force in 2005, placing such “national treasures” as “antiquities, archeological sites, cultural buildings, manuscripts, and coins” under federal jurisdiction to be “managed in cooperation with the regions and governorates.” This provision may not immediately appear significant or controversial, but it is both. Federalism remains a heated and even deadly issue in Iraq, which is still balancing authority between its capital and other parts of the country. The Constitution’s handling of heritage—like its comparable treatment of oil and gas—therefore raises many questions. The answers to these have massive implications, as they not only determine who governs culture in Iraq but also could void much existing domestic law and unravel the country’s entire heritage management system. This study thus aims to clarify the Constitution’s treatment of antiquities and archaeology, resolving who controls one of Iraq’s most important historic, cultural, and economic resources.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {International Journal of Cultural Property},\n\tauthor = {Davis, Tess},\n\tmonth = nov,\n\tyear = {2014},\n\tkeywords = {Babylon, Baghdad, Iraq, cultural heritage, law},\n\tpages = {445--463},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Conditions for Guilt-Free Consumption in a Transnational Criminal Market.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Mackenzie, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research, 20(4): 503–515. December 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Conditions$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{mackenzie_conditions_2014,\n\ttitle = {Conditions for {Guilt}-{Free} {Consumption} in a {Transnational} {Criminal} {Market}},\n\tvolume = {20},\n\tissn = {0928-1371, 1572-9869},\n\turl = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10610-013-9229-z},\n\tdoi = {10.1007/s10610-013-9229-z},\n\tabstract = {It has been widely opined in discussions around a number of transnational criminal markets that where a global economic supply and demand relationship exists, demand reduction by way of consumer education and ‘awareness-raising’ may be an effective intervention in reducing illicit trade. It seems an obvious and sensible suggestion on the face of it, but just how amenable are consumers to being educated away from purchasing illicitly obtained and trafficked goods, and what are the barriers that stand in the way of that process of demand reduction through awareness-raising? This paper approaches these questions by asking what are the conditions for guilt-free consumption in the international trade in illicit cultural objects. The paper identifies seven such conditions, and concludes that in this global market we are witnessing the playing out of a common social story in which a powerful group of market capitalists and end-consumers employs a range of sociologically developed linguistic and performative strategies to obfuscate or legitimise their exploitation of a group of less powerful victims. If that is the context for the so-called debate about illicit antiquities, crimereduction strategies involving consumer education seem considerably more difficult to achieve than has been widely recognised in policy discussions on transnational crime.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research},\n\tauthor = {Mackenzie, Simon},\n\tmonth = dec,\n\tyear = {2014},\n\tkeywords = {crime, transnational criminal market},\n\tpages = {503--515},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 2 Displacement, Deforestation, and Drugs: Antiquities Trafficking and the Narcotics Support Economies of Guatemala.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Yates, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n In Kila, J.; and Balcells, M., editor(s), Cultural Property Crime. BRILL, January 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"2$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@incollection{kila_2_2014,\n\ttitle = {2 {Displacement}, {Deforestation}, and {Drugs}: {Antiquities} {Trafficking} and the {Narcotics} {Support} {Economies} of {Guatemala}},\n\tisbn = {9789004280540 9789004279711},\n\tshorttitle = {2 {Displacement}, {Deforestation}, and {Drugs}},\n\turl = {https://brill.com/view/book/edcoll/9789004280540/B9789004280540_003.xml},\n\turldate = {2020-04-02},\n\tbooktitle = {Cultural {Property} {Crime}},\n\tpublisher = {BRILL},\n\tauthor = {Yates, Donna},\n\teditor = {Kila, Joris and Balcells, Marc},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2014},\n\tdoi = {10.1163/9789004280540_003},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market: It's All in a Price.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Brodie, N.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Heritage & Society, 7(1): 32–46. May 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{brodie_antiquities_2014,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}: {It}'s {All} in a {Price}},\n\tvolume = {7},\n\tissn = {2159-032X},\n\tshorttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1179/2159032X14Z.00000000017},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/2159032X14Z.00000000017},\n\tabstract = {Antiquities have cultural and economic value. Scholarly experts create cultural value, and by creating cultural value they also unintentionally establish economic value. So although antiquities are collected as culturally-important objects, they have also been bought for investment purposes as tangible assets, though with mixed results. Collectors and investors must face the problem of how to assess accurately the cultural and economic value of an antiquity, though again the intervention of scholarly experts is crucial. Scholars themselves benefit financially from even indirect involvement with the antiquities market, and their work can be appropriated and exploited financially as intellectual property. Antiquities trading is often illicit, and in such conditions profits made from the antiquities market are proceeds of crime, though that fact is generally overlooked.},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Heritage \\& Society},\n\tauthor = {Brodie, Neil},\n\tmonth = may,\n\tyear = {2014},\n\tkeywords = {Antiquities, Antiquities Market, Cultural Value, Intellectual Capital, Scholars, economic value},\n\tpages = {32--46},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Comments on Josephine Munch Rasmussen: ‘Securing Cultural Heritage Objects and Fencing Stolen Goods? A Case Study on Museums and Metal Detecting in Norway’: Metal Detecting in Norway Receives Long Overdue Attention.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Thomas, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Norwegian Archaeological Review, 47(2): 196–199. July 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Comments$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{thomas_comments_2014,\n\ttitle = {Comments on {Josephine} {Munch} {Rasmussen}: ‘{Securing} {Cultural} {Heritage} {Objects} and {Fencing} {Stolen} {Goods}? {A} {Case} {Study} on {Museums} and {Metal} {Detecting} in {Norway}’: {Metal} {Detecting} in {Norway} {Receives} {Long} {Overdue} {Attention}},\n\tvolume = {47},\n\tissn = {0029-3652, 1502-7678},\n\tshorttitle = {Comments on {Josephine} {Munch} {Rasmussen}},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00293652.2014.938109},\n\tdoi = {10.1080/00293652.2014.938109},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Norwegian Archaeological Review},\n\tauthor = {Thomas, Suzie},\n\tmonth = jul,\n\tyear = {2014},\n\tkeywords = {Norway, case study, comments, metal detecting, museums},\n\tpages = {196--199},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Renewing Nazi-era provenance research efforts: case studies and recommendations.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Karrels, N.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Museum Management and Curatorship, 29(4): 297–310. August 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Renewing$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{karrels_renewing_2014,\n\ttitle = {Renewing {Nazi}-era provenance research efforts: case studies and recommendations},\n\tvolume = {29},\n\tissn = {0964-7775, 1872-9185},\n\tshorttitle = {Renewing {Nazi}-era provenance research efforts},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09647775.2014.934050},\n\tdoi = {10.1080/09647775.2014.934050},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Museum Management and Curatorship},\n\tauthor = {Karrels, Nancy},\n\tmonth = aug,\n\tyear = {2014},\n\tkeywords = {case study, nazi-looting, provenance, provenance research, recommendations},\n\tpages = {297--310},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Looting and Losing the Archaeological Heritage of Cyprus.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Fehlmann, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n In Caykent, O.; and Zavagno, L., editor(s), The Islands of the Eastern Mediterranean: A History of Cross-Cultural Encounters, pages 144–170. Bloomsbury Publishing, August 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Looting$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@incollection{fehlmann_looting_2014,\n\ttitle = {Looting and {Losing} the {Archaeological} {Heritage} of {Cyprus}},\n\turl = {https://www.academia.edu/9954903/_Looting_and_Losing_the_Archaeological_Heritage_of_Cyprus_in_%C3%96zlem_Caykent_and_Luca_Zavagno_eds._The_Islands_of_the_Eastern_Mediterranean._A_History_of_Cross-Cultural_Encounters_I.B.Tauris_2014},\n\tabstract = {The paper is based on my four year experience in Northern Cyprus and traces the political notion that looting and losing archaeological material in Cyprus is given. It shows how looting is used in the Cyprus conflict as an extended political tool to},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tbooktitle = {The {Islands} of the {Eastern} {Mediterranean}: {A} {History} of {Cross}-{Cultural} {Encounters}},\n\tpublisher = {Bloomsbury Publishing},\n\tauthor = {Fehlmann, Marc},\n\teditor = {Caykent, Ozlem and Zavagno, Luca},\n\tmonth = aug,\n\tyear = {2014},\n\tpages = {144--170},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Looters or Heroes? Production of Illegality and Memories of ‘Looting’ in Mali.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Panella, C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research, 20(4): 487–502. December 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Looters$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{panella_looters_2014,\n\ttitle = {Looters or {Heroes}? {Production} of {Illegality} and {Memories} of ‘{Looting}’ in {Mali}},\n\tvolume = {20},\n\tissn = {0928-1371, 1572-9869},\n\tshorttitle = {Looters or {Heroes}?},\n\turl = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10610-014-9251-9},\n\tdoi = {10.1007/s10610-014-9251-9},\n\tabstract = {My paper proposes an ethnographical perspective of the clandestine trade in antiquities in Mali by showing on one side the social organization (techniques, hierarchies, trade chains) of farmers-diggers; on the other side, by analyzing the rhetorics of illegality driven by officially-mandated cultural heritage policies. In particular the paper stresses the function of visuality in the construction of ‘illegal’ subjects and iconographies of ‘plunder’ circulated through national and international press. It shows that such an iconic power of images does befog self-representations of farmers-diggers (risk, courage, loneliness) which constitute the ethical cosmos of digging activities. In such a perspective, the debate over the looting of archaeological objects has become a reiterative product of national rhetorics of legality and illegality opposed to narratives of self-representations of marginality and heroization produced by ‘illegal’ actors.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research},\n\tauthor = {Panella, Cristiana},\n\tmonth = dec,\n\tyear = {2014},\n\tkeywords = {Mali, looters, looting},\n\tpages = {487--502},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n The Islands of the Eastern Mediterranean: A History of Cross-Cultural Encounters.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Caykent, O.; and Zavagno, L.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Bloomsbury Publishing, August 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@book{caykent_islands_2014,\n\ttitle = {The {Islands} of the {Eastern} {Mediterranean}: {A} {History} of {Cross}-{Cultural} {Encounters}},\n\tisbn = {9780857726865},\n\tshorttitle = {The {Islands} of the {Eastern} {Mediterranean}},\n\tabstract = {The Mediterranean, or 'Middle Sea', has long been regarded as the symbolic centre of European civilization. The binding water between Turkey, the Middle East, the trading communities of North Africa, and the European powerhouses Italy, France and Greece, a history of this sea is a new and vital way of understanding the history of the societies which have flourished in the region. The Islands of the Eastern Mediterranean charts the story of the water as both connector and border, and analyses the islands role in world history. Covering Mehmed II's efforts to conquer the old Roman Empire, through to the claims of Rhodes and the role of the Aegean Islands in Ottoman international relations, to the British in Cyprus and the present-day tensions, this book's interconnected essays from leading scholars form a tapestry of knowledge. Together, they represent a new frontier in the way in which we look at sea histories. This will become essential reading for scholars of History, International Relations, Trade and Migration.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tpublisher = {Bloomsbury Publishing},\n\tauthor = {Caykent, Ozlem and Zavagno, Luca},\n\tmonth = aug,\n\tyear = {2014},\n\tkeywords = {History / World},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Museum malpractice as corporate crime? The case of the J. Paul Getty Museum.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Brodie, N.; and Proulx, B. B.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Crime and Justice, 37(3): 399–421. September 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Museum$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{brodie_museum_2014,\n\ttitle = {Museum malpractice as corporate crime? {The} case of the {J}. {Paul} {Getty} {Museum}},\n\tvolume = {37},\n\tissn = {0735-648X},\n\tshorttitle = {Museum malpractice as corporate crime?},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1080/0735648X.2013.819785},\n\tdoi = {10.1080/0735648X.2013.819785},\n\tabstract = {Within a corporate criminological framework, this paper examines the antiquities acquisition policies and activities of the J. Paul Getty Museum particularly during the curatorship of Marion True, whose indictment by the Italian government was part of a broader investigation into the trade of illicitly obtained Italian antiquities. Specifically, we employ two theoretical perspectives – that of differential association and anomie – to examine malpractice among Getty officers and suggest that both museum cultures and the psychology of collecting may in fact be criminogenic. In light of such criminological insight, we conclude the paper with suggestions for broad reforms of museum governance.},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Crime and Justice},\n\tauthor = {Brodie, Neil and Proulx, Blythe Bowman},\n\tmonth = sep,\n\tyear = {2014},\n\tkeywords = {Anomie, Antiquities, Corporate Crime, Differential Association, Museum Governance, collecting},\n\tpages = {399--421},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Trafficking Cultural Objects: Introduction.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Brodie, N.; and Mackenzie, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n ,p.412–426. October 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{brodie_trafficking_2014,\n\tseries = {European {Journal} on {Criminal} {Policy} and {Research}},\n\ttitle = {Trafficking {Cultural} {Objects}: {Introduction}},\n\tlanguage = {English},\n\tauthor = {Brodie, Neil and Mackenzie, Simon},\n\tmonth = oct,\n\tyear = {2014},\n\tkeywords = {Art Market, Cultural Objects, Regulation},\n\tpages = {p.412--426},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Automated Extraction of the Archaeological Tops of Qanat Shafts from VHR Imagery in Google Earth.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Luo, L.; Wang, X.; Guo, H.; Liu, C.; Liu, J.; Li, L.; Du, X.; and Qian, G.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Remote Sensing, 6(12): 11956–11976. December 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Automated$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{luo_automated_2014,\n\ttitle = {Automated {Extraction} of the {Archaeological} {Tops} of {Qanat} {Shafts} from {VHR} {Imagery} in {Google} {Earth}},\n\tvolume = {6},\n\tissn = {2072-4292},\n\turl = {http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/6/12/11956},\n\tdoi = {10.3390/rs61211956},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {12},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Remote Sensing},\n\tauthor = {Luo, Lei and Wang, Xinyuan and Guo, Huadong and Liu, Chuansheng and Liu, Jie and Li, Li and Du, Xiaocui and Qian, Guoquan},\n\tmonth = dec,\n\tyear = {2014},\n\tkeywords = {Google Earth, Qanat Shafts, machine learning, satellite imagery, technology},\n\tpages = {11956--11976},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Church Theft, Insecurity, and Community Justice: The Reality of Source-End Regulation of the Market for Illicit Bolivian Cultural Objects.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Yates, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research, 20(4): 445–457. December 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Church$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{yates_church_2014,\n\ttitle = {Church {Theft}, {Insecurity}, and {Community} {Justice}: {The} {Reality} of {Source}-{End} {Regulation} of the {Market} for {Illicit} {Bolivian} {Cultural} {Objects}},\n\tvolume = {20},\n\tissn = {1572-9869},\n\tshorttitle = {Church {Theft}, {Insecurity}, and {Community} {Justice}},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10610-014-9232-z},\n\tdoi = {10.1007/s10610-014-9232-z},\n\tabstract = {In 2012 two men were lynched in Bolivia, first because there is an illicit market for Bolivian cultural objects, and second because a small, poor community turned to desperate measures to protect themselves from that illicit market due to the failings of national and international regulation. This paper is a case study of the reality of source-end regulation of an international criminal market in a developing country. I will discuss what is known about thefts from Bolivian churches, the international market for items stolen from these churches, and how such thefts are meant to be prevented on-the ground. Following this, I will present lynching in Bolivia as the most severe community response to the issues created by local politics, ineffectual policing, unenforceable laws, and a history of oppressive racism. I will conclude with a discussion of what we can reasonably hope to accomplish with source-end regulation.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2020-04-02},\n\tjournal = {European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research},\n\tauthor = {Yates, Donna},\n\tmonth = dec,\n\tyear = {2014},\n\tpages = {445--457},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Satellites track heritage loss across Syria and Iraq.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Lawler, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Science, 346(6214): 1162–1163. December 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Satellites$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{lawler_satellites_2014,\n\ttitle = {Satellites track heritage loss across {Syria} and {Iraq}},\n\tvolume = {346},\n\tissn = {0036-8075, 1095-9203},\n\turl = {http://www.sciencemag.org/lookup/doi/10.1126/science.346.6214.1162},\n\tdoi = {10.1126/science.346.6214.1162},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {6214},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Science},\n\tauthor = {Lawler, Andrew},\n\tmonth = dec,\n\tyear = {2014},\n\tkeywords = {Iraq, Syria, looting, satellite imagery, technology},\n\tpages = {1162--1163},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Looters, collectors and a passion for antiquities at the margins of Italian society.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Rose-Greenland, F.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Modern Italian Studies, 19(5): 570–582. October 2014.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Looters,$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{rose-greenland_looters_2014,\n\ttitle = {Looters, collectors and a passion for antiquities at the margins of {Italian} society},\n\tvolume = {19},\n\tissn = {1354-571X},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1080/1354571X.2014.962256},\n\tdoi = {10.1080/1354571X.2014.962256},\n\tabstract = {Unearthing old objects was for centuries a widespread activity in Italy. Artefacts were removed from the soil and re-incorporated into the social realm as votives, chits and treasure. Women and men knowledgeable about old things and old places were respected repositories of history. The twentieth century brought significant changes to this sphere of cultural activity: archaeology became a professionalized discipline, regulated by the state, and artefacts became scientific objects belonging to the Italian nation. Today, unauthorized excavators risk prosecution, fines and imprisonment. In this paper I ask: What is the effect of state power on the use and circulation of antiquities by unauthorized excavators and collectors? How do the men and women who inhabit the cultural margins distinguish themselves from each other? My analysis draws on ethnographic data and textual analysis of newspaper articles concerning tombaroli or ‘tomb robbers’. I focus on marginalized cultural production, a key dimension that is missing from most accounts of looters.},\n\tnumber = {5},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Modern Italian Studies},\n\tauthor = {Rose-Greenland, Fiona},\n\tmonth = oct,\n\tyear = {2014},\n\tkeywords = {Antiquities, Beni Culturali, Black Market, Cultural Policy, Social Marginalization, Tombaroli},\n\tpages = {570--582},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n\n\n\n

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\n \n 2013\n \n \n (18)\n \n \n

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\n \n \n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Exploring natural and anthropogenic risk for cultural heritage in Cyprus using remote sensing and GIS.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Hadjimitsis, D.; Agapiou, A.; Alexakis, D.; and Sarris, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Journal of Digital Earth, 6(2): 115–142. March 2013.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Exploring$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{hadjimitsis_exploring_2013,\n\ttitle = {Exploring natural and anthropogenic risk for cultural heritage in {Cyprus} using remote sensing and {GIS}},\n\tvolume = {6},\n\tissn = {1753-8947},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1080/17538947.2011.602119},\n\tdoi = {10.1080/17538947.2011.602119},\n\tabstract = {On site observation is the most common way of monitoring cultural heritage sites and monuments in Cyprus. However, this procedure that includes data collection, periodical observations, and multivariate risk assessment analysis is difficult to accomplish with the traditional practices and methods since it is time consuming and expensive. Furthermore, many archaeological sites and monuments are located at inaccessible areas, far away from the main road network and urban areas. Satellite remote sensing and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) can successfully confront this problem by providing the scientists with integrated monitoring of the study areas and the unique advantage to store and manipulate a large amount of spatial and attribute data simultaneously. Actually the monitoring and identification of several natural and anthropogenic hazards in the vicinity of the cultural heritage sites in Cyprus, seems to be one of the main priorities of its governmental and municipal authorities. This study aims to integrate both satellite remote sensing techniques and GIS in a multidisciplinary approach, for monitoring anthropogenic and natural hazards with the use of archived and up-to-date multitemporal remotely sensed images in the study area, namely in areas nearby cultural heritage sites and monuments in Cyprus. In this study anthropogenic hazards include urbanisation and extended land use changes in the surroundings of archaeological sites and natural hazards concern seismicity and sea erosion.},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2020-03-27},\n\tjournal = {International Journal of Digital Earth},\n\tauthor = {Hadjimitsis, Diofantos and Agapiou, Athos and Alexakis, Dimitrios and Sarris, Apostolos},\n\tmonth = mar,\n\tyear = {2013},\n\tkeywords = {Anthropogenic Risk, Conservation, Cyprus, GIS, Monitoring, Natural Risk, Satellite Imagery},\n\tpages = {115--142},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Archaeological Site Looting in \"Glocal\" Perspective: Nature, Scope, and Frequency.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Proulx, B. B.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n American Journal of Archaeology, 117(1): 111–125. 2013.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Archaeological$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{proulx_archaeological_2013,\n\ttitle = {Archaeological {Site} {Looting} in "{Glocal}" {Perspective}: {Nature}, {Scope}, and {Frequency}},\n\tvolume = {117},\n\tissn = {0002-9114},\n\tshorttitle = {Archaeological {Site} {Looting} in "{Glocal}" {Perspective}},\n\turl = {https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.3764/aja.117.1.0111},\n\tdoi = {10.3764/aja.117.1.0111},\n\tabstract = {The looting of archaeological sites undermines the preservation of cultural heritage. The purpose of this study is to broaden and refine our understanding of the nature, geographic scope, and frequency of looting and archaeological site destruction and to place looting in global perspective. Situated within a “glocal” (global and local) context, this study focuses on a large sample of field archaeologists working throughout the world and their opinions about and personal encounters with looting. Some key findings are presented: first, that the overwhelming majority of surveyed field archaeologists have experienced looting firsthand on more than one occasion; second, that archaeological site looting is in fact a globally pervasive problem and is not limited to certain parts of the world to the exclusion of others. The paper ends with a consideration of the implications of such findings for the broader cultural heritage debate. A free, downloadable appendix can be found under this article’s abstract on AJA Online.},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2020-04-24},\n\tjournal = {American Journal of Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Proulx, Blythe Bowman},\n\tyear = {2013},\n\tkeywords = {remote sensing},\n\tpages = {111--125},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Displacement and the somatics of postcolonial culture.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Robinson, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Ohio State University Press, Columbus, 2013.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@book{robinson_displacement_2013,\n\taddress = {Columbus},\n\ttitle = {Displacement and the somatics of postcolonial culture},\n\tisbn = {978-0-8142-1239-4 978-0-8142-9341-6},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tpublisher = {Ohio State University Press},\n\tauthor = {Robinson, Douglas},\n\tyear = {2013},\n\tkeywords = {Displacement (Psychology) in literature, Identity (Philosophical concept) in literature, Identity (Psychology) in literature, Postcolonialism in literature, Refugees in literature},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Provenance: an alternate history of art.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Feigenbaum, G.; and Reist, I. J.,\n editors.\n \n\n\n \n\n\n\n of Issues & debatesGetty Research Institute, Los Angeles, 2013.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@book{feigenbaum_provenance_2013,\n\taddress = {Los Angeles},\n\tseries = {Issues \\& debates},\n\ttitle = {Provenance: an alternate history of art},\n\tisbn = {978-1-60606-122-0},\n\tshorttitle = {Provenance},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tpublisher = {Getty Research Institute},\n\teditor = {Feigenbaum, Gail and Reist, Inge Jackson},\n\tyear = {2013},\n\tkeywords = {Art, Provenance},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Due Diligence, Provenance Research, and the Acquisition Process at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Reed, V.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n DePaul Journal of Art, Technology & Intellectual Property Law, 23(2): 363. 2013.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Due$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{reed_due_2013,\n\ttitle = {Due {Diligence}, {Provenance} {Research}, and the {Acquisition} {Process} at the {Museum} of {Fine} {Arts}, {Boston}},\n\tvolume = {23},\n\turl = {https://via.library.depaul.edu/jatip/vol23/iss2/4},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\tjournal = {DePaul Journal of Art, Technology \\& Intellectual Property Law},\n\tauthor = {Reed, Victoria},\n\tyear = {2013},\n\tkeywords = {Boston, MFA, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, acquisition, collection, due diligence, museum, provenance, provenance research},\n\tpages = {363},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The theft of cultural property in Bolivia: the absence of metal detectors.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Yates, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Arqueología Publica, 3: 10–13. 2013.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{yates_theft_2013,\n\ttitle = {The theft of cultural property in {Bolivia}: the absence of metal detectors},\n\tvolume = {3},\n\turl = {http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/108999/},\n\tabstract = {No abstract available.},\n\tjournal = {Arqueología Publica},\n\tauthor = {Yates, Donna},\n\tyear = {2013},\n\tpages = {10--13},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Museum salvage: A case study of Mesoamerican artifacts in museum collections and on the antiquities market.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Levine, M. N; and Luna, L. M. d.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 38(3): 264–276. July 2013.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Museum$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{levine_museum_2013,\n\ttitle = {Museum salvage: {A} case study of {Mesoamerican} artifacts in museum collections and on the antiquities market},\n\tvolume = {38},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\tshorttitle = {Museum salvage},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/0093469013Z.00000000053},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/0093469013Z.00000000053},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Levine, Marc N and Luna, Lucha Martínez de},\n\tmonth = jul,\n\tyear = {2013},\n\tkeywords = {Mesoamerican, antiquities market, collection, museum},\n\tpages = {264--276},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n On ‘Organized Crime’ in the illicit antiquities trade: moving beyond the definitional debate.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Dietzler, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Trends in Organized Crime, 16(3): 329–342. September 2013.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"On$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{dietzler_organized_2013,\n\ttitle = {On ‘{Organized} {Crime}’ in the illicit antiquities trade: moving beyond the definitional debate},\n\tvolume = {16},\n\tissn = {1084-4791, 1936-4830},\n\tshorttitle = {On ‘{Organized} {Crime}’ in the illicit antiquities trade},\n\turl = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12117-012-9182-0},\n\tdoi = {10.1007/s12117-012-9182-0},\n\tabstract = {The extent to which ‘organized crime’ is involved in illicit antiquities trafficking is unknown and frequently debated. This paper explores the significance and scale of the illicit antiquities trade as a unique transnational criminal phenomenon that is often said to be perpetrated by and exhibit traits of so-called ‘organized crime.’ The definitional debate behind the term ‘organized crime’ is considered as a potential problem impeding our understanding of its existence or extent in illicit antiquities trafficking, and a basic progression-based model is then suggested as a new tool to move beyond the definitional debate for future research that may help to elucidate the actors, processes and criminal dynamics taking place within the illicit antiquities trade from source to market. The paper concludes that researchers should focus not on the question of whether organized criminals- particularly in a traditionally conceived, mafia-type stereotypical sense- are involved in the illicit antiquities trade, but instead on the structure and progression of antiquities trafficking itself that embody both organized and criminal dynamics.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Trends in Organized Crime},\n\tauthor = {Dietzler, Jessica},\n\tmonth = sep,\n\tyear = {2013},\n\tkeywords = {definition, illicit antiquities trade, organized crime},\n\tpages = {329--342},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Trafficking in Cultural Objects: an Empirical Overview.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Brodie, N.; and Mackenzie, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n In Beni culturali e sistema penale. Prevention and Fight against Illicit Trafficking in Cultural Property. The National and International Dimension Atti di Convegno, pages p.19–30. MILAN, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2013.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@incollection{brodie_trafficking_2013,\n\taddress = {MILAN, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore},\n\ttitle = {Trafficking in {Cultural} {Objects}: an {Empirical} {Overview}},\n\tlanguage = {English},\n\tbooktitle = {Beni culturali e sistema penale. {Prevention} and {Fight} against {Illicit} {Trafficking} in {Cultural} {Property}. {The} {National} and {International} {Dimension} {Atti} di {Convegno}},\n\tauthor = {Brodie, Neil and Mackenzie, Simon},\n\tyear = {2013},\n\tkeywords = {cultural objects, illicit trafficking, overview},\n\tpages = {p.19--30},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Tracing provenance of lost and found Cypriot Byzantine icons.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Vassallo, V.; Kyriacou, N.; Hermon, S.; and Eiades, I.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n In Addison, A. C.; De Luca, L.; Guidi, G.; and Pescarin, S., editor(s), Digital Heritage International Congress (DigitalHeritage), 28 Oct – 1 Nov 2013 Marseille, France, pages 667–670. 2013.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@incollection{vassallo_tracing_2013,\n\ttitle = {Tracing provenance of lost and found {Cypriot} {Byzantine} icons},\n\tbooktitle = {Digital {Heritage} {International} {Congress} ({DigitalHeritage}), 28 {Oct} – 1 {Nov} 2013 {Marseille}, {France}},\n\tauthor = {Vassallo, V. and Kyriacou, N. and Hermon, Sorin and Eiades, I.},\n\teditor = {Addison, A. C: and De Luca, L. and Guidi, G. and Pescarin, S.},\n\tyear = {2013},\n\tkeywords = {Cyprus, GIS, Icons, Illicit trafficking, NETCHER, Provenance, looting},\n\tpages = {667--670},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Metal detecting, collecting and portable antiquities: Scottish and British perspectives.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n National Museum of Scotland; and Campbell, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Internet Archaeology, (33). 2013.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Metal$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{national_museum_of_scotland_metal_2013,\n\ttitle = {Metal detecting, collecting and portable antiquities: {Scottish} and {British} perspectives},\n\tissn = {13635387},\n\tshorttitle = {Metal detecting, collecting and portable antiquities},\n\turl = {http://intarch.ac.uk/journal/issue33/campbell_index.html},\n\tdoi = {10.11141/ia.33.1},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {33},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Internet Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {{National Museum of Scotland} and Campbell, Stuart},\n\tyear = {2013},\n\tkeywords = {Britain, PAS, Scotland, collecting, metal detecting, portable antiquities},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Exploring natural and anthropogenic risk for cultural heritage in Cyprus using remote sensing and GIS.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Hadjimitsis, D.; Agapiou, A.; Alexakis, D.; and Sarris, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Journal of Digital Earth, 6(2): 115–142. March 2013.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Exploring$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{hadjimitsis_exploring_2013,\n\ttitle = {Exploring natural and anthropogenic risk for cultural heritage in {Cyprus} using remote sensing and {GIS}},\n\tvolume = {6},\n\tissn = {1753-8947},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1080/17538947.2011.602119},\n\tdoi = {10.1080/17538947.2011.602119},\n\tabstract = {On site observation is the most common way of monitoring cultural heritage sites and monuments in Cyprus. However, this procedure that includes data collection, periodical observations, and multivariate risk assessment analysis is difficult to accomplish with the traditional practices and methods since it is time consuming and expensive. Furthermore, many archaeological sites and monuments are located at inaccessible areas, far away from the main road network and urban areas. Satellite remote sensing and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) can successfully confront this problem by providing the scientists with integrated monitoring of the study areas and the unique advantage to store and manipulate a large amount of spatial and attribute data simultaneously. Actually the monitoring and identification of several natural and anthropogenic hazards in the vicinity of the cultural heritage sites in Cyprus, seems to be one of the main priorities of its governmental and municipal authorities. This study aims to integrate both satellite remote sensing techniques and GIS in a multidisciplinary approach, for monitoring anthropogenic and natural hazards with the use of archived and up-to-date multitemporal remotely sensed images in the study area, namely in areas nearby cultural heritage sites and monuments in Cyprus. In this study anthropogenic hazards include urbanisation and extended land use changes in the surroundings of archaeological sites and natural hazards concern seismicity and sea erosion.},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2020-03-27},\n\tjournal = {International Journal of Digital Earth},\n\tauthor = {Hadjimitsis, Diofantos and Agapiou, Athos and Alexakis, Dimitrios and Sarris, Apostolos},\n\tmonth = mar,\n\tyear = {2013},\n\tkeywords = {Anthropogenic Risk, Conservation, Cyprus, GIS, Monitoring, Natural Risk, Satellite Imagery},\n\tpages = {115--142},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Investigating absence: Assessing the cumulative effects of casual collecting at a 19th century Bahamian plantation.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Baxter, J. E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 38(2): 174–184. May 2013.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Investigating$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{baxter_investigating_2013,\n\ttitle = {Investigating absence: {Assessing} the cumulative effects of casual collecting at a 19th century {Bahamian} plantation},\n\tvolume = {38},\n\tissn = {0093-4690},\n\tshorttitle = {Investigating absence},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1179/0093469013Z.00000000046},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/0093469013Z.00000000046},\n\tabstract = {Recent archaeological work at Prospect Hill, a 19th century plantation in the Bahamas, revealed artifact patterns that are inconsistent with expectations for a plantation site. The quantity and quality of artifacts in residential areas associated with the planter family and the enslaved population were inverted and suggest significant post abandonment changes. The site of Prospect Hill has been a destination for tourists and student groups since the mid-20th century, and the areas of the site most accessible to these visitors are also those with surprisingly low artifact counts. I investigated the possibility that regular visitation involved casual collecting using historical data as well as artifact assemblages from archaeological work at Prospect Hill. My analysis suggests that the archaeological record has been altered significantly through casual, opportunistic collecting, and it offers insights for identifying casual collecting elsewhere.},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Baxter, Jane Eva},\n\tmonth = may,\n\tyear = {2013},\n\tkeywords = {Bahamas, collecting, looting, plantations, site formation processes},\n\tpages = {174--184},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Luke, C.; and Kersel, M. M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 38(3): 263–263. July 2013.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{luke_antiquities_2013,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\tvolume = {38},\n\tissn = {0093-4690},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1179/0093469013Z.00000000057},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/0093469013Z.00000000057},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Luke, Christina and Kersel, Morag M.},\n\tmonth = jul,\n\tyear = {2013},\n\tkeywords = {antiquities market},\n\tpages = {263--263},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Chasing provenance: Legal dilemmas for protecting states with a verifiable link to underwater culture heritage.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Huang, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Ocean & Coastal Management, 84: 220–225. November 2013.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Chasing$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n \n \n 1 download\n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{huang_chasing_2013,\n\ttitle = {Chasing provenance: {Legal} dilemmas for protecting states with a verifiable link to underwater culture heritage},\n\tvolume = {84},\n\tissn = {0964-5691},\n\tshorttitle = {Chasing provenance},\n\turl = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0964569112003201},\n\tdoi = {10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2012.11.007},\n\tabstract = {This paper demonstrates the legal dilemmas for protecting rights of states with a verifiable link to underwater cultural heritage (UCH) at doctrinal and practical levels and from international and domestic perspectives. The dilemmas include vague definitions, time-consuming procedures, weak remedies for violation, jurisdiction conflicts, and legal vacuum. It argues that domestic legislations are limited in offering protection to states with a verifiable link to UCH. More international cooperation is necessary. However, existing international conventions are insufficient in this aspect. Therefore, states are strongly encouraged to conclude bilateral or regional UCH treaties to protect themselves.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {Ocean \\& Coastal Management},\n\tauthor = {Huang, Jie},\n\tmonth = nov,\n\tyear = {2013},\n\tpages = {220--225},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Archeology in Conflict and UNESCO: Legal Aspects.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Hladík, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Archaeologies, 9(1): 4–12. April 2013.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Archeology$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{hladik_archeology_2013,\n\ttitle = {Archeology in {Conflict} and {UNESCO}: {Legal} {Aspects}},\n\tvolume = {9},\n\tissn = {1935-3987},\n\tshorttitle = {Archeology in {Conflict} and {UNESCO}},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11759-013-9234-3},\n\tdoi = {10.1007/s11759-013-9234-3},\n\tabstract = {This article analyzes the obligations under the 1954 Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict and its two Protocols related to the protection of cultural property in occupied territory. It goes on to provide practical examples of the return of cultural property from Iraq to Kuwait following the entry of Iraqi military forces into Kuwait in August 1990 and the legal framework of the return of Iraqi cultural property under operative paragraph 7 of the United Nations Security Council resolution 1483, adopted on 22 May 2003.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {Archaeologies},\n\tauthor = {Hladík, Jan},\n\tmonth = apr,\n\tyear = {2013},\n\tkeywords = {occupied territories, the 1954 protocol, the 1956 recommendation, the Hague Convention, the second protocol},\n\tpages = {4--12},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n UNESCO, Palestine, and Archaeology in Conflict.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Keane, D.; and Azarova, V.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Technical Report ID 2297291, Social Science Research Network, Rochester, NY, June 2013.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"UNESCO,$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@techreport{keane_unesco_2013,\n\taddress = {Rochester, NY},\n\ttype = {{SSRN} {Scholarly} {Paper}},\n\ttitle = {{UNESCO}, {Palestine}, and {Archaeology} in {Conflict}},\n\turl = {https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2297291},\n\tabstract = {On 23 November 2011, Palestine became a member of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (“UNESCO”), and acceded to and ratified a number of UNESCO’s Conventions. Some observers view this membership as decisive, or at least significantly dispositive, in the debate on the international recognition of Palestinian statehood. UNESCO is characterized as a springboard by which Palestine can further recognition of its international sovereignty, which, at the present time, is inexorably stalled. However, this recognition is not without challenge – for example, the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court has not recognized Palestine’s acceptance of the Court’s jurisdiction. UNESCO has, in turn, descended into a budgetary crisis with the withdrawal of funding from the U.S. and other states, which represent twenty-two percent of its budget. In February 2012, UNESCO responded to this crisis with a plan to “re-engineer” the organization, implicitly confirming that it will not allow any revocation of the Palestinian membership vote, despite a campaign to “un-admit” Palestine. This paper analyzes the legal consequences of Palestine’s membership in UNESCO and its ratification of UNESCO conventions through an examination of the protections afforded by the UNESCO treaty framework governing cultural, amongst other forms of, heritage. This is particularly relevant as Palestine’s application for UNESCO membership took place in the context of what are termed the Palestinian U.N. initiatives, intended to further Palestine’s status and activate its rights as a state in the international legal order. The initiatives manifested in a resolution adopted by the U.N. General Assembly on 29 November 2012 “upgrading” Palestine’s observer status.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {ID 2297291},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tinstitution = {Social Science Research Network},\n\tauthor = {Keane, David and Azarova, Valentina},\n\tmonth = jun,\n\tyear = {2013},\n\tkeywords = {Palestine-Israel, UNESCO, cultural property/heritage protection, international human rights law, international humanitarian law, public international law},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The meaning of 1970 for the acquisition of archaeological objects.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Gerstenblith, P.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 38(4): 364–373. November 2013.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{gerstenblith_meaning_2013,\n\ttitle = {The meaning of 1970 for the acquisition of archaeological objects},\n\tvolume = {38},\n\tissn = {0093-4690},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1179/0093469013Z.00000000062},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/0093469013Z.00000000062},\n\tabstract = {Many museum and professional associations, particularly in the United States, have adopted a 1970 standard for the acquisition of archaeological materials–that is, in recognition of the 1970 UNESCO Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property, archaeological objects should be documented has outside of their country of origin before 1970 or have been exported legally after 1970. This article explores the extent to which this standard has been adopted, its influence on restitutions and claims for restitution of archaeological objects, and the policies that this standard attempts to promote.},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Gerstenblith, Patty},\n\tmonth = nov,\n\tyear = {2013},\n\tkeywords = {1970, acquisition},\n\tpages = {364--373},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n 2012\n \n \n (6)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Satellite-Based Monitoring of Archaeological Looting in Peru.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Lasaponara, R.; Danese, M.; and Masini, N.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n In Lasaponara, R.; and Masini, N., editor(s), Satellite Remote Sensing: A New Tool for Archaeology, of Remote Sensing and Digital Image Processing, pages 177–193. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, 2012.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Satellite-Based$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@incollection{lasaponara_satellite-based_2012,\n\taddress = {Dordrecht},\n\tseries = {Remote {Sensing} and {Digital} {Image} {Processing}},\n\ttitle = {Satellite-{Based} {Monitoring} of {Archaeological} {Looting} in {Peru}},\n\tisbn = {9789048188017},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8801-7_8},\n\tabstract = {Illegal excavations represent one of the main risk factors which affect the archaeological heritage all over the world, in particular in those countries, from Southern America to Middle East, where the surveillance on site is little effective and time consuming and the aerial surveillance is non practicable due to military or political restrictions. In such contexts satellite remote sensing offers a suitable chance to monitor this phenomenon. The chapter deals with the results obtained on some areas of Cahuachi (Peru) by using a time series of very high resolution satellite images. The rate of success in detecting changes related to archaeological looting has been fruitfully improved by adopting a semiautomatic approach based on spatial autocorrelation.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2020-04-24},\n\tbooktitle = {Satellite {Remote} {Sensing}: {A} {New} {Tool} for {Archaeology}},\n\tpublisher = {Springer Netherlands},\n\tauthor = {Lasaponara, Rosa and Danese, Maria and Masini, Nicola},\n\teditor = {Lasaponara, Rosa and Masini, Nicola},\n\tyear = {2012},\n\tdoi = {10.1007/978-90-481-8801-7_8},\n\tkeywords = {Archaeological looting , Cahuachi , Peru , Spatial autocorrelation },\n\tpages = {177--193},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n All the King's Horses: Essays on the Impact of Looting and the Illicit Antiquities Trade on our Knowledge of the Past.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Lazrus, P. K.; and Barker, W. A.,\n editors.\n \n\n\n \n\n\n\n Volume 23 Society of American Archaeology, Washington (DC), 2012.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"All$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@book{lazrus_all_2012,\n\taddress = {Washington (DC)},\n\ttitle = {All the {King}'s {Horses}: {Essays} on the {Impact} of {Looting} and the {Illicit} {Antiquities} {Trade} on our {Knowledge} of the {Past}},\n\tvolume = {23},\n\tisbn = {978-0-932839-44-2},\n\tshorttitle = {All the {King}'s {Horses}},\n\turl = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/cambridge-archaeological-journal/article/all-the-kings-horses-essays-on-the-impact-of-looting-and-the-illicit-antiquities-trade-on-our-knowledge-of-the-past-edited-by-paula-k-lazrus-alex-w-barker-2012-washington-dc-society-for-american-archaeology-isbn-9780932839442-paperback-us2695-kindle-804-us1200-iv-164-pp-10-figs-1-table/75F19CC6B50652EFD0D013B60B4E6478},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tpublisher = {Society of American Archaeology},\n\teditor = {Lazrus, Paula K. and Barker, W. Alex},\n\tyear = {2012},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Perspectives on looting, the illicit antiquities trade, art and heritage.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Lundén, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Art Antiquity and Law, XVII(2): 109–134. August 2012.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{lunden_perspectives_2012,\n\ttitle = {Perspectives on looting, the illicit antiquities trade, art and heritage},\n\tvolume = {XVII},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\tjournal = {Art Antiquity and Law},\n\tauthor = {Lundén, Staffan},\n\tmonth = aug,\n\tyear = {2012},\n\tkeywords = {art, heritage, illcit antiquities trade, looting},\n\tpages = {109--134},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Searching for answers: a survey of metal-detector users in the UK.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Thomas, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Journal of Heritage Studies, 18(1): 49–64. January 2012.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Searching$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{thomas_searching_2012,\n\ttitle = {Searching for answers: a survey of metal-detector users in the {UK}},\n\tvolume = {18},\n\tissn = {1352-7258, 1470-3610},\n\tshorttitle = {Searching for answers},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13527258.2011.590817},\n\tdoi = {10.1080/13527258.2011.590817},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {International Journal of Heritage Studies},\n\tauthor = {Thomas, Suzie},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2012},\n\tkeywords = {UK, metal detecting, survey},\n\tpages = {49--64},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Strategic Value of African Tribal Art: Auction Sales Trends as Cultural Intelligence.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Nemeth, E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Intelligence and National Security, 27(2): 302–316. April 2012.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Strategic$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{nemeth_strategic_2012,\n\ttitle = {Strategic {Value} of {African} {Tribal} {Art}: {Auction} {Sales} {Trends} as {Cultural} {Intelligence}},\n\tvolume = {27},\n\tissn = {0268-4527, 1743-9019},\n\tshorttitle = {Strategic {Value} of {African} {Tribal} {Art}},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02684527.2012.661648},\n\tdoi = {10.1080/02684527.2012.661648},\n\tabstract = {Military engagement of insurgents risks destruction of religious monuments and historic structures, and political and economic instability that follows armed conﬂict enables looting of antiquities. In combination, threats to cultural structures and movable cultural patrimony compromise cultural security. This article explores the potential of the art market for open-source intelligence assessments of cultural security. A comparison of the market value of artifacts of different ethnic origins provides a measure of the risk of looting of cultural patrimony by geographic region. Intelligence assessments of the relative desirability of cultural artifacts by region of origin can inform strategic planning to mitigate looting in conﬂict zones and to alert security services to emerging threats of trafﬁcking in cultural patrimony.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Intelligence and National Security},\n\tauthor = {Nemeth, Erik},\n\tmonth = apr,\n\tyear = {2012},\n\tkeywords = {Africa, auction, cultural intelligence, sales, tribal art, value},\n\tpages = {302--316},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Role of Photography in the Protection, Identification, and Recovery of Cultural Heritage.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Mattern, E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Journal of Cultural Property, 19(2): 133–151. May 2012.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{mattern_role_2012,\n\ttitle = {The {Role} of {Photography} in the {Protection}, {Identification}, and {Recovery} of {Cultural} {Heritage}},\n\tvolume = {19},\n\tissn = {1465-7317, 0940-7391},\n\turl = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/international-journal-of-cultural-property/article/role-of-photography-in-the-protection-identification-and-recovery-of-cultural-heritage/A68552597B2092D7354BBED4951364B3},\n\tdoi = {10.1017/S0940739112000100},\n\tabstract = {This article seeks to contribute to the study surrounding documentation and the illicit trade in cultural property by examining the uses of photography by the international community. Popular and academic literature, news reports, and online databases reveal three primary and interconnected relationships that exist between photography and the trade of cultural heritage. This article presents photography as, first, an aid for the protection and identification of cultural heritage and, second, as a form of evidence to support an ownership claim by a country calling for repatriation.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {International Journal of Cultural Property},\n\tauthor = {Mattern, Eleanor},\n\tmonth = may,\n\tyear = {2012},\n\tpages = {133--151},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n\n\n\n

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\n \n 2011\n \n \n (15)\n \n \n

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\n \n \n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n From space to place: an image atlas of World Heritage sites on the \"in danger\" list: a collection of satellite images for improved understanding and management of world heritage sites.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Sayre, R.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@misc{unesco_space_2011,\n\taddress = {Paris},\n\ttitle = {From space to place: an image atlas of {World} {Heritage} sites on the "in danger" list: a collection of satellite images for improved understanding and management of world heritage sites},\n\tisbn = {9789231042270},\n\tshorttitle = {From space to place},\n\tpublisher = {Published by the United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organization (Unesco) in association with the United States Geological Survey (USGS)},\n\tauthor = {Sayre, Roger},\n\tcollaborator = {{Unesco} and {Geological Survey (U.S.)}},\n\tyear = {2011},\n\tkeywords = {Archaeology, Endangered ecosystems, Maps, Remote-sensing images, World Heritage areas, World atlases, remote sensing},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Chapter 4 : The Market as Criminal and Criminals in the Market: Reducing Opportunities for Organised Crime in the International Antiquities Market.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Mackenzie, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n In Crime in the Art and Antiquities World: Illegal Trafficking in Cultural Property, pages p.69–86. Springer edition, 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@incollection{mackenzie_chapter_2011,\n\tedition = {Springer},\n\ttitle = {Chapter 4 :  {The} {Market} as {Criminal} and {Criminals} in the {Market}: {Reducing} {Opportunities} for {Organised} {Crime} in the {International} {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\tlanguage = {English},\n\tbooktitle = {Crime in the {Art} and {Antiquities} {World}: {Illegal} {Trafficking} in {Cultural} {Property}},\n\tauthor = {Mackenzie, Simon},\n\tyear = {2011},\n\tpages = {p.69--86},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Land Use, Looting, and Archaeology in Chihuahua, Mexico: A Speculative History.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Kelley, J. H.; Phillips, D. A.; MacWilliams, A.; and Antillón, R. C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of the Southwest, 53(2): 177–224. 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Land$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{kelley_land_2011,\n\ttitle = {Land {Use}, {Looting}, and {Archaeology} in {Chihuahua}, {Mexico}: {A} {Speculative} {History}},\n\tvolume = {53},\n\tissn = {2158-1371},\n\tshorttitle = {Land {Use}, {Looting}, and {Archaeology} in {Chihuahua}, {Mexico}},\n\turl = {http://muse.jhu.edu/content/crossref/journals/journal_of_the_southwest/v053/53.2.kelley.html},\n\tdoi = {10.1353/jsw.2011.0006},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Journal of the Southwest},\n\tauthor = {Kelley, Jane H. and Phillips, David A. and MacWilliams, A.C. and Antillón, Rafael Cruz},\n\tyear = {2011},\n\tpages = {177--224},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n The impact of the criminal law and money laundering mesaures upon the illicit trade in art and antiquities.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Ulph, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Art Antiquity and Law, XVI(1): 39–52. 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{ulph_impact_2011,\n\ttitle = {The impact of the criminal law and money laundering mesaures upon the illicit trade in art and antiquities},\n\tvolume = {XVI},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\tjournal = {Art Antiquity and Law},\n\tauthor = {Ulph, Janet},\n\tyear = {2011},\n\tkeywords = {art crime, criminal law, illicit antiquities trade, law, money laundering},\n\tpages = {39--52},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n UNESCO and Heritage: Global Doctrine, Global Practice.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Isar, Y. R.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n In Heritage, Memory & Identity, pages 39–52. SAGE Publications Ltd, 1 Oliver's Yard, 55 City Road, London EC1Y 1SP United Kingdom, 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"UNESCO$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@incollection{isar_unesco_2011,\n\taddress = {1 Oliver's Yard,  55 City Road,  London    EC1Y 1SP  United Kingdom},\n\ttitle = {{UNESCO} and {Heritage}: {Global} {Doctrine}, {Global} {Practice}},\n\tisbn = {9780857023902 9781446250839},\n\tshorttitle = {{UNESCO} and {Heritage}},\n\turl = {http://sk.sagepub.com/books/heritage-memory-and-identity/n3.xml},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tbooktitle = {Heritage, {Memory} \\& {Identity}},\n\tpublisher = {SAGE Publications Ltd},\n\tauthor = {Isar, Yudhishthir Raj},\n\tyear = {2011},\n\tdoi = {10.4135/9781446250839.n3},\n\tpages = {39--52},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Colonialism as Structural Injustice: Historical Responsibility and Contemporary Redress.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Lu, C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Political Philosophy, 19(3): 261–281. September 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Colonialism$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{lu_colonialism_2011,\n\ttitle = {Colonialism as {Structural} {Injustice}: {Historical} {Responsibility} and {Contemporary} {Redress}},\n\tvolume = {19},\n\tissn = {09638016},\n\tshorttitle = {Colonialism as {Structural} {Injustice}},\n\turl = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1467-9760.2011.00403.x},\n\tdoi = {10.1111/j.1467-9760.2011.00403.x},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Political Philosophy},\n\tauthor = {Lu, Catherine},\n\tmonth = sep,\n\tyear = {2011},\n\tpages = {261--281},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Illicit deals in cultural objects as crimes of the powerful.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Mackenzie, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Crime, Law and Social Change, 56(2): 133–153. September 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Illicit$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{mackenzie_illicit_2011,\n\ttitle = {Illicit deals in cultural objects as crimes of the powerful},\n\tvolume = {56},\n\tissn = {0925-4994, 1573-0751},\n\turl = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10611-011-9317-2},\n\tdoi = {10.1007/s10611-011-9317-2},\n\tabstract = {Research with dealers at the market end of the global chain of supply of cultural objects leads to the suggestion that the analytical framework associated with the concept of ‘crimes of the powerful’ can be useful in helping us to understand the role of dealers in driving the market, and in focussing our attention on the difficulties of engaging with the illicit trade through a conventional criminal justice approach. This paper explores the nature of the power that is associated with high-level antiquities dealers, and considers its regulatory implications.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Crime, Law and Social Change},\n\tauthor = {Mackenzie, Simon},\n\tmonth = sep,\n\tyear = {2011},\n\tpages = {133--153},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n When Communities Collide: Competing Claims for Archaeological Objects in the Market Place.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Kersel, M. M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Archaeologies, 7(3): 518–537. December 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"When$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{kersel_when_2011,\n\ttitle = {When {Communities} {Collide}: {Competing} {Claims} for {Archaeological} {Objects} in the {Market} {Place}},\n\tvolume = {7},\n\tissn = {1555-8622, 1935-3987},\n\tshorttitle = {When {Communities} {Collide}},\n\turl = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11759-011-9182-8},\n\tdoi = {10.1007/s11759-011-9182-8},\n\tabstract = {Rather than recount a specific archaeological project and its community relationships, in the following, I consider the competing claims for archaeological objects by the various groups associated with the illegal and legal trade in antiquities. For nearly a decade I have examined the efficacy of cultural heritage laws in the protection of eastern Mediterranean archaeological landscapes. More specifically, I am interested in the contentious issues surrounding legalized antiquities markets as a means of protecting the archaeological past. In order to assess the value of various legal instruments I attempt to engage with the communities who claim an interest in the buying, selling, protection or appreciation of antiquities. The list of communities is long, varied and often at odds with each other. Reconciling these competing claims is a Herculean task, but one worthy of investigation as questions of inclusion, responsibilities and ownership of cultural heritage are at the forefront of an engaged archaeology.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Archaeologies},\n\tauthor = {Kersel, Morag M.},\n\tmonth = dec,\n\tyear = {2011},\n\tkeywords = {claims, communities, market},\n\tpages = {518--537},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Market as Criminal and Criminals in the Market: Reducing Opportunities for Organised Crime in the International Antiquities Market.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Mackenzie, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n In Manacorda, S.; and Chappell, D., editor(s), Crime in the Art and Antiquities World, pages 69–85. Springer New York, New York, NY, 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@incollection{manacorda_market_2011,\n\taddress = {New York, NY},\n\ttitle = {The {Market} as {Criminal} and {Criminals} in the {Market}: {Reducing} {Opportunities} for {Organised} {Crime} in the {International} {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\tisbn = {978-1-4419-7945-2 978-1-4419-7946-9},\n\tshorttitle = {The {Market} as {Criminal} and {Criminals} in the {Market}},\n\turl = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-1-4419-7946-9_4},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tbooktitle = {Crime in the {Art} and {Antiquities} {World}},\n\tpublisher = {Springer New York},\n\tauthor = {Mackenzie, Simon},\n\teditor = {Manacorda, Stefano and Chappell, Duncan},\n\tyear = {2011},\n\tdoi = {10.1007/978-1-4419-7946-9_4},\n\tkeywords = {antiquities market, crime, market, organized crime},\n\tpages = {69--85},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Archaeological Involvement With the Military - An Ethical Crisis.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Smith, E. C. H.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Network for Student Activism of UCL Centre for Applied Global Citizenship,undefined–undefined. 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Archaeological$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{smith_archaeological_2011,\n\ttitle = {Archaeological {Involvement} {With} the {Military} - {An} {Ethical} {Crisis}},\n\tissn = {undefined},\n\turl = {https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/9005cb93-08a0-3b18-9265-b796ddf87524/},\n\tabstract = {(2011) Smith. Network for Student Activism of UCL Centre for Applied Global Citizenship. This paper reviews the role of archaeologists towards the military in the recent past and present. It draws ...},\n\tlanguage = {en-GB},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {Network for Student Activism of UCL Centre for Applied Global Citizenship},\n\tauthor = {Smith, Emiline C. H.},\n\tyear = {2011},\n\tpages = {undefined--undefined},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \"Thank You Very Much, Now Give Them Back\": Cultural Property and the Fight over the Iraqi Baath Party Records.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Caswell, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n The American Archivist, 74(1): 211–240. April 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\""Thank$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{pugh_thank_2011,\n\ttitle = {"{Thank} {You} {Very} {Much}, {Now} {Give} {Them} {Back}": {Cultural} {Property} and the {Fight} over the {Iraqi} {Baath} {Party} {Records}},\n\tvolume = {74},\n\tissn = {0360-9081},\n\tshorttitle = {"{Thank} {You} {Very} {Much}, {Now} {Give} {Them} {Back}"},\n\turl = {http://americanarchivist.org/doi/10.17723/aarc.74.1.4185u8574mu84041},\n\tdoi = {10.17723/aarc.74.1.4185u8574mu84041},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {The American Archivist},\n\tauthor = {Caswell, Michelle},\n\teditor = {Pugh, Mary},\n\tmonth = apr,\n\tyear = {2011},\n\tpages = {211--240},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Beyond Restitution: Resolving International Cultural Heritage Disputes.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Peters, R.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Ph.D. Thesis, European University Institute, Florence, October 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@phdthesis{peters_beyond_2011,\n\taddress = {Florence},\n\ttype = {Doctor of {Laws} {Degree}},\n\ttitle = {Beyond {Restitution}: {Resolving} {International} {Cultural} {Heritage} {Disputes}},\n\tabstract = {Disputes over the restitution and return of cultural materials have steadily increased in recent years. While several restitution claims pertaining to Nazi-confiscated art have been resolved, other cases relating to the appropriation of cultural materials during war, foreign or colonial occupation, theft, or as a consequence of illicit trafficking have proliferated.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tschool = {European University Institute},\n\tauthor = {Peters, Robert},\n\tmonth = oct,\n\tyear = {2011},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Archaeology and Autonomies: The Legal Framework of Heritage Management in a New Bolivia.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Yates, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Journal of Cultural Property, 18(3): 291–307. August 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Archaeology$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{yates_archaeology_2011,\n\ttitle = {Archaeology and {Autonomies}: {The} {Legal} {Framework} of {Heritage} {Management} in a {New} {Bolivia}},\n\tvolume = {18},\n\tissn = {1465-7317, 0940-7391},\n\tshorttitle = {Archaeology and {Autonomies}},\n\turl = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/international-journal-of-cultural-property/article/archaeology-and-autonomies-the-legal-framework-of-heritage-management-in-a-new-bolivia/F5884A6348274416FFBB204305FB4E73},\n\tdoi = {10.1017/S0940739111000257},\n\tabstract = {The 2009 Bolivian Constitution significantly changed the structure of the state and paved the way for the creation of regional, local, and even indigenous autonomies. These autonomies are charged with the management of archaeological sites and museums within their territory. This article answers the question of who currently owns the Bolivian past, it stems from concerns raised at the 2011 renewal hearing of the Memorandum of Understanding preventing the import of illicit Bolivian antiquities into the United States. By combining an analysis of recent legal changes related to the creation of the autonomies and a short discussion of a notable case study of local management of a Bolivian archaeological site, this article offers a basic summary of the legal framework in which Bolivian archaeology and heritage management functions and some preliminary recommendations for governments and professionals wishing to work with Bolivian authorities at the state and local level.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2020-04-02},\n\tjournal = {International Journal of Cultural Property},\n\tauthor = {Yates, Donna},\n\tmonth = aug,\n\tyear = {2011},\n\tpages = {291--307},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Study on preventing and fighting illicit trafficking in cultural goods in the European Union.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n 6224, C. – U.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Technical Report October 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@techreport{cecoji-cnrs__umr_6224_study_2011,\n\ttitle = {Study on preventing and fighting illicit trafficking in cultural goods in the {European} {Union}},\n\tlanguage = {English},\n\tauthor = {CECOJI-CNRS – UMR 6224},\n\tmonth = oct,\n\tyear = {2011},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n How an Art Theft’s Publicity and Documentation Can Impact the Stolen Object’s Recovery Rate:.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Durney, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice. September 2011.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"How$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{durney_how_2011,\n\ttitle = {How an {Art} {Theft}’s {Publicity} and {Documentation} {Can} {Impact} the {Stolen} {Object}’s {Recovery} {Rate}:},\n\tshorttitle = {How an {Art} {Theft}’s {Publicity} and {Documentation} {Can} {Impact} the {Stolen} {Object}’s {Recovery} {Rate}},\n\turl = {https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1043986211418886},\n\tdoi = {10.1177/1043986211418886},\n\tabstract = {This article quantifies the importance of documentation associated with a stolen work of art to its eventual recovery. The article offers an interpretation of s...},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice},\n\tauthor = {Durney, Mark},\n\tmonth = sep,\n\tyear = {2011},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n 2010\n \n \n (15)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Facing the Archaeological Looting in Peru by Using Very High Resolution Satellite Imagery and Local Spatial Autocorrelation Statistics.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Lasaponara, R.; and Masini, N.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n In Taniar, D.; Gervasi, O.; Murgante, B.; Pardede, E.; and Apduhan, B. O., editor(s), Computational Science and Its Applications – ICCSA 2010, of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 254–261, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2010. Springer\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@inproceedings{lasaponara_facing_2010,\n\taddress = {Berlin, Heidelberg},\n\tseries = {Lecture {Notes} in {Computer} {Science}},\n\ttitle = {Facing the {Archaeological} {Looting} in {Peru} by {Using} {Very} {High} {Resolution} {Satellite} {Imagery} and {Local} {Spatial} {Autocorrelation} {Statistics}},\n\tisbn = {9783642121562},\n\tdoi = {10.1007/978-3-642-12156-2_19},\n\tabstract = {In many countries of Southern America, Asia and Middle East clandestine excavations affect more than other man-made and natural risks archaeological heritage. Direct and aerial surveillance are not always suitable for protection and monitoring sites of cultural interest. This favoured the use of Very high resolution satellite data for the detection of looting pits.This paper is focused on results we obtained from ongoing research focused on the use of VHR satellite images and spatial autocorrelation statistics, such as Moran’s I, Geary’s C, and Getis-Ord Local Gi index, for the identification and monitoring of looting.A time series of satellite images (QuickBird-2 and World-View-1) has been exploited to analyze and monitor archaeological looting in Cahuachi, a large Ceremonial Centre built by the Nasca Civilization in Southern Peru. The spatial autocorrelation statistics enabled us to extract spatial anomalies linked to illegal excavations and to recognize and quantitatively characterize looting patterns over the years.The results obtained encourage the application of satellite by means of cluster analysis techniques for the monitoring of archaeological sites.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tbooktitle = {Computational {Science} and {Its} {Applications} – {ICCSA} 2010},\n\tpublisher = {Springer},\n\tauthor = {Lasaponara, Rosa and Masini, Nicola},\n\teditor = {Taniar, David and Gervasi, Osvaldo and Murgante, Beniamino and Pardede, Eric and Apduhan, Bernady O.},\n\tyear = {2010},\n\tkeywords = {NASCA , Spatial autocorrelation statistics , looting , satellite },\n\tpages = {254--261},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Huaqueros and remote sensing imagery: assessing looting damage in the Virú Valley, Peru.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Contreras, D. A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Antiquity, 84(324): 544–555. June 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Huaqueros$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{contreras_huaqueros_2010,\n\ttitle = {Huaqueros and remote sensing imagery: assessing looting damage in the {Virú} {Valley}, {Peru}},\n\tvolume = {84},\n\tissn = {0003-598X, 1745-1744},\n\tshorttitle = {\\textit{{Huaqueros}} and remote sensing imagery},\n\turl = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0003598X0006676X/type/journal_article},\n\tdoi = {10.1017/S0003598X0006676X},\n\tabstract = {This article presents a new initiative in combating looting from the air, building on previous work in Iraq and Jordan. Looted sites in the Viru´ Valley, Peru, are visible as pit clusters on dated versions of Google Earth. Compare these with earlier air photographs and Gordon Willey’s famous survey of the 1940s, and we have a dated chronicle of looting events. This makes it possible to demonstrate that modern looting is certainly taking place and linked to an upsurge in the antiquities trade. As well as being a new instrument for managing heritage, the author shows that the looting survey offers an important research dividend: the location of cemeteries not previously systematically documented, with potential for more thorough investigation even of already looted areas.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {324},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Antiquity},\n\tauthor = {Contreras, Daniel A.},\n\tmonth = jun,\n\tyear = {2010},\n\tpages = {544--555},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Camp Delta, Google Earth and the ethics of remote sensing in archaeology.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Myers, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n World Archaeology, 42(3): 455–467. September 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Camp$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{myers_camp_2010,\n\ttitle = {Camp {Delta}, {Google} {Earth} and the ethics of remote sensing in archaeology},\n\tvolume = {42},\n\tissn = {0043-8243, 1470-1375},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00438243.2010.498640},\n\tdoi = {10.1080/00438243.2010.498640},\n\tabstract = {With easy access to satellite imagery through free applications such as Google Earth, it is now ﬁnancially feasible for archaeologists to undertake remote survey in areas that are diﬃcult or impossible to access in person. But there are ethical concerns inherent in the use of remotely sensed images, as Google Earth might be seen as a panoptic viewing technology that leaves no voice to those being viewed. Through a virtual investigation of the Camp Delta prison camp at Guanta´ namo Bay, Cuba, I discuss methodological and theoretical aspects of the use of Google Earth in archaeology.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {World Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Myers, Adrian},\n\tmonth = sep,\n\tyear = {2010},\n\tpages = {455--467},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Utility of Publicly-Available Satellite Imagery for Investigating Looting of Archaeological Sites in Jordan.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Contreras, D. A.; and Brodie, N.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 35(1): 101–114. March 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{contreras_utility_2010,\n\ttitle = {The {Utility} of {Publicly}-{Available} {Satellite} {Imagery} for {Investigating} {Looting} of {Archaeological} {Sites} in {Jordan}},\n\tvolume = {35},\n\tissn = {0093-4690},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1179/009346910X12707320296838},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346910X12707320296838},\n\tabstract = {International response to the problem of looting of archaeological sites has been hampered by the difficulty of quantifying the damage done. The scarcity of reliable information negatively impacts professional and public policy making, rendering consensus about the scale of the problem and the effectiveness of policy responses difficult to achieve. We report here on the use of publicly-available satellite imagery for quantifying the damage caused by looting of archaeological sites in Jordan. The ease of use and affordability of imagery such as that provided by Google Earth make the identification, quantification, and monitoring of archaeological site looting possible at a level previously unimagined. Our findings about looting at archaeological sites in Jordan shed light on the potential for a broader application of the method.},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2020-04-24},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Contreras, Daniel A. and Brodie, Neil},\n\tmonth = mar,\n\tyear = {2010},\n\tkeywords = {remote sensing},\n\tpages = {101--114},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n La lutte contre le trafic illicite de biens culturels sur Internet : L’UNESCO et la réponse de ses partenaires.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Planche, E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@misc{planche_lutte_2010,\n\ttitle = {La lutte contre le trafic illicite de biens culturels sur {Internet} : {L}’{UNESCO} et la réponse de ses partenaires},\n\tlanguage = {French},\n\tpublisher = {UNESCO},\n\tauthor = {Planche, Edouard},\n\tyear = {2010},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Shining light on looting: using Google Earth to quantify damage and raise public awareness.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Contreras, D. A.; and Brodie, N.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n SAA Archaeological Record, 10: 30–33. 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Shining$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{contreras_shining_2010,\n\ttitle = {Shining light on looting: using {Google} {Earth} to quantify damage and raise public awareness},\n\tvolume = {10},\n\tissn = {1532-7299},\n\tshorttitle = {Shining light on looting},\n\turl = {http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/66746/},\n\tlanguage = {en-GB},\n\turldate = {2019-11-29},\n\tjournal = {SAA Archaeological Record},\n\tauthor = {Contreras, D. A. and Brodie, N.},\n\tyear = {2010},\n\tkeywords = {NETCHER},\n\tpages = {30--33},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Camp Delta, Google Earth and the ethics of remote sensing in archaeology.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Myers, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n World Archaeology, 42(3): 455–467. September 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Camp$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{myers_camp_2010,\n\ttitle = {Camp {Delta}, {Google} {Earth} and the ethics of remote sensing in archaeology},\n\tvolume = {42},\n\tissn = {0043-8243, 1470-1375},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00438243.2010.498640},\n\tdoi = {10.1080/00438243.2010.498640},\n\tabstract = {With easy access to satellite imagery through free applications such as Google Earth, it is now ﬁnancially feasible for archaeologists to undertake remote survey in areas that are diﬃcult or impossible to access in person. But there are ethical concerns inherent in the use of remotely sensed images, as Google Earth might be seen as a panoptic viewing technology that leaves no voice to those being viewed. Through a virtual investigation of the Camp Delta prison camp at Guanta´ namo Bay, Cuba, I discuss methodological and theoretical aspects of the use of Google Earth in archaeology.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {World Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Myers, Adrian},\n\tmonth = sep,\n\tyear = {2010},\n\tpages = {455--467},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Under the Turkish Blanket Legislation: The Recovery of Cultural Property Removed from Turkey.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Özel, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Journal of Legal Information, 38(2): 177–184. 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Under$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{ozel_under_2010,\n\ttitle = {Under the {Turkish} {Blanket} {Legislation}: {The} {Recovery} of {Cultural} {Property} {Removed} from {Turkey}},\n\tvolume = {38},\n\tissn = {0731-1265, 2331-4117},\n\tshorttitle = {Under the {Turkish} {Blanket} {Legislation}},\n\turl = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0731126500005710/type/journal_article},\n\tdoi = {10.1017/S0731126500005710},\n\tabstract = {The modern Turkish state arose from remnants of ancient civilizations. The remains of these civilizations represent Anatolian history and reveal much about life in ancient times.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {International Journal of Legal Information},\n\tauthor = {Özel, Sibel},\n\tyear = {2010},\n\tkeywords = {Turkey, cultural property, law, recovery, restitution},\n\tpages = {177--184},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Utility of Publicly-Available Satellite Imagery for Investigating Looting of Archaeological Sites in Jordan.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Contreras, D. A.; and Brodie, N.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 35(1): 101–114. 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{contreras_utility_2010,\n\ttitle = {The {Utility} of {Publicly}-{Available} {Satellite} {Imagery} for {Investigating} {Looting} of {Archaeological} {Sites} in {Jordan}},\n\tvolume = {35},\n\tissn = {0093-4690},\n\turl = {www.jstor.org/stable/24406841},\n\tabstract = {International response to the problem of looting of archaeological sites has been hampered by the difficulty of quantifying the damage done. The scarcity of reliable information negatively impacts professional and public policy making, rendering consensus about the scale of the problem and the effectiveness of policy responses difficult to achieve. We report here on the use of publicly-available satellite imagery for quantifying the damage caused by looting of archaeological sites in Jordan. The ease of use and affordability of imagery such as that provided by Google Earth make the identification, quantification, and monitoring of archaeological site looting possible at a level previously unimagined. Our findings about looting at archaeological sites in Jordan shed light on the potential for a broader application of the method.},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2019-11-29},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Contreras, Daniel A. and Brodie, Neil},\n\tyear = {2010},\n\tkeywords = {Jordan, looting, satellite imagery},\n\tpages = {101--114},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Use of Metadata for Educational Resources in Digital Repositories: Practices and Perspectives.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Koutsomitropoulos, D. A.; Alexopoulos, A. D.; Solomou, G. D.; and Papatheodorou, T. S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n D-Lib Magazine, 16(1/2). January 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{koutsomitropoulos_use_2010,\n\ttitle = {The {Use} of {Metadata} for {Educational} {Resources} in {Digital} {Repositories}: {Practices} and {Perspectives}},\n\tvolume = {16},\n\tissn = {1082-9873},\n\tshorttitle = {The {Use} of {Metadata} for {Educational} {Resources} in {Digital} {Repositories}},\n\turl = {http://www.dlib.org/dlib/january10/kout/01kout.html},\n\tdoi = {10.1045/january2010-koutsomitropoulos},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {1/2},\n\turldate = {2019-12-19},\n\tjournal = {D-Lib Magazine},\n\tauthor = {Koutsomitropoulos, Dimitrios A. and Alexopoulos, Andreas D. and Solomou, Georgia D. and Papatheodorou, Theodore S.},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2010},\n\tkeywords = {education, metadata},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Treasure Hunters, Sunken State Vessels and the 2001 UNESCO Convention on the Protection of Underwater Cultural Heritage.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Aznar-Gómez, A. d. E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n The International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law, 25(2): 209–236. January 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Treasure$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{aznar-gomez_treasure_2010,\n\ttitle = {Treasure {Hunters}, {Sunken} {State} {Vessels} and the 2001 {UNESCO} {Convention} on the {Protection} of {Underwater} {Cultural} {Heritage}},\n\tvolume = {25},\n\tissn = {1571-8085, 0927-3522},\n\tshorttitle = {The {Pharmaceutical} {Sector} {Inquiry}},\n\turl = {https://brill.com/view/journals/estu/25/2/article-p209_3.xml},\n\tdoi = {10.1163/157180910X12665776638623},\n\tabstract = {Two sets of quite related judicial decisions in the US, regarding in rem actions directed at several Spanish State shipwrecks, have completed a new legal framework that must be kept in mind not only for treasure-hunter companies and any other persons trying to gain any right over the wrecks of sunken State vessels, but also for States trying to seek a clear interpretation of the legal status of those vessels in current international law. These decisions might complete the new legal layout given by the 2001 UNESCO Convention on the Protection of Underwater Cultural Heritage, in particular giving full meaning to the 'without prejudice' clause included in its Art. 2(8) relating to sovereign immunities and State vessels; they might also ease future ratification of that Convention by reluctant States like the United Kingdom, France or the United States. © 2010 Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {The International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law},\n\tauthor = {Aznar-Gómez, André den Exter},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2010},\n\tkeywords = {admiralty law, immunities of states, law of the sea, sunken state vessels, trasure hunters, underwater cultural heritage},\n\tpages = {209--236},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Huaqueros and remote sensing imagery: assessing looting damage in the Virú Valley, Peru.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Contreras, D. A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Antiquity, 84(324): 544–555. June 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Huaqueros$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{contreras_huaqueros_2010,\n\ttitle = {Huaqueros and remote sensing imagery: assessing looting damage in the {Virú} {Valley}, {Peru}},\n\tvolume = {84},\n\tissn = {0003-598X, 1745-1744},\n\tshorttitle = {\\textit{{Huaqueros}} and remote sensing imagery},\n\turl = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0003598X0006676X/type/journal_article},\n\tdoi = {10.1017/S0003598X0006676X},\n\tabstract = {This article presents a new initiative in combating looting from the air, building on previous work in Iraq and Jordan. Looted sites in the Viru´ Valley, Peru, are visible as pit clusters on dated versions of Google Earth. Compare these with earlier air photographs and Gordon Willey’s famous survey of the 1940s, and we have a dated chronicle of looting events. This makes it possible to demonstrate that modern looting is certainly taking place and linked to an upsurge in the antiquities trade. As well as being a new instrument for managing heritage, the author shows that the looting survey offers an important research dividend: the location of cemeteries not previously systematically documented, with potential for more thorough investigation even of already looted areas.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {324},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Antiquity},\n\tauthor = {Contreras, Daniel A.},\n\tmonth = jun,\n\tyear = {2010},\n\tpages = {544--555},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Google Earth Shows Clandestine Worlds.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Pringle, H.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Science, 329(5995): 1008–1009. August 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Google$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{pringle_google_2010,\n\ttitle = {Google {Earth} {Shows} {Clandestine} {Worlds}},\n\tvolume = {329},\n\tissn = {0036-8075, 1095-9203},\n\turl = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/doi/10.1126/science.329.5995.1008},\n\tdoi = {10.1126/science.329.5995.1008},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {5995},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Science},\n\tauthor = {Pringle, H.},\n\tmonth = aug,\n\tyear = {2010},\n\tpages = {1008--1009},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Beating the forger: authenticating ceramic antiquities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Stoneham, D.; and Stoneham, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Contemporary Physics, 51(5): 397–411. September 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Beating$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n \n \n 1 download\n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{stoneham_beating_2010,\n\ttitle = {Beating the forger: authenticating ceramic antiquities},\n\tvolume = {51},\n\tissn = {0010-7514},\n\tshorttitle = {Beating the forger},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1080/00107514.2010.495250},\n\tdoi = {10.1080/00107514.2010.495250},\n\tabstract = {Today's forger may have skills to match the artists and craftsmen of the past. But can they be exposed by scientific methods? Ceramic antiquities – including pottery, porcelains, and bronzes with a casting core – have long been valued, and demonstrable antiquity is crucial. Thermoluminescence provides key evidence as to when the object was fired. We describe the basic ideas, the methods themselves, and some of the potential limitations. Examples illustrate the remarkable ingenuity of forgers, who are making determined efforts to beat the physics-based tests of authenticity.},\n\tnumber = {5},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Contemporary Physics},\n\tauthor = {Stoneham, Doreen and Stoneham, Marshall},\n\tmonth = sep,\n\tyear = {2010},\n\tkeywords = {Authenticity, Fakes, Forgery, Porcelain, Pottery, Thermoluminescence},\n\tpages = {397--411},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Cultural Heritage Rights: From Ownership and Descent to Justice and Well-being.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Hodder, I.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Anthropological Quarterly, 83(4): 861–882. December 2010.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Cultural$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{hodder_cultural_2010,\n\ttitle = {Cultural {Heritage} {Rights}: {From} {Ownership} and {Descent} to {Justice} and {Well}-being},\n\tvolume = {83},\n\tissn = {1534-1518},\n\tshorttitle = {Cultural {Heritage} {Rights}},\n\turl = {https://muse.jhu.edu/article/405676},\n\tdoi = {10.1353/anq.2010.0025},\n\tabstract = {The protection of cultural heritage sites is normally evaluated in terms of universal and scholarly significance criteria, although increasingly the contributions of sites and monuments to the economic and social well-being of communities have been recognized. Human rights discourse, despite its many problems and limitations, offers a possible mechanism for evaluating heritage in terms of social justice and well-being. A cultural heritage right based on descent is particularly problematic and cannot be supported by archaeological, historical, and anthropological theories. A cultural heritage right based on whether people are in practice able to participate in sites and objects in such a way as to fulfill their capabilities is an alternative, as long as it also includes responsibilities to other communities with conflicting interests. However, few archaeologists and heritage managers have the training and expertise to work out short- and long-term economic and social benefits of artifacts, sites, and monuments, and they have limited experience in facilitating human capabilities through heritage beyond scholarship, aesthetics, and identity politics.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {Anthropological Quarterly},\n\tauthor = {Hodder, Ian},\n\tmonth = dec,\n\tyear = {2010},\n\tkeywords = {cultural affiliation, descent, heritage, human rights, rights and duties, well-being},\n\tpages = {861--882},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n 2009\n \n \n (8)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 3d Scanning and Replication for Museum and Cultural Heritage Applications.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Wachowiak, M. J.; and Karas, B. V.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of the American Institute for Conservation, 48(2): 141–158. August 2009.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"3d$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{wachowiak_3d_2009,\n\ttitle = {3d {Scanning} and {Replication} for {Museum} and {Cultural} {Heritage} {Applications}},\n\tvolume = {48},\n\tissn = {0197-1360, 1945-2330},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/019713609804516992},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/019713609804516992},\n\tabstract = {The recent proliferation of commer sont developpes specialement pour des applications cial three-dimensional digital scanning devices has museales ou culturelles. Cet article presente une revue made 3D scanning, and virtual and physical replica de 1'imagerie en 3D couramment appliquee dans le tion, a practical reality in the field of heritage preser domaine du patrimoine culturel, des methodes de re vation. 3D scanning produces a high-precision digital production physique qui existent, des divers systemes reference document that records condition, provides utilises dans le domaine patrimonial, ainsi que les a virtual model for replication, and makes possible criteres de selection pour de tels systemes et les tech easy mass distribution of digital data. In addition to niques qui sont utilisees pour manipuler les donnees. research, documentation, and replication, 3D data of Les types d'objets qui ne sont pas typiquement de artifacts are increasingly being used for museum col bons candidats pour le balayage electronique en 3D lections storage and packing designs. The cost and sont identifies.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2019-12-19},\n\tjournal = {Journal of the American Institute for Conservation},\n\tauthor = {Wachowiak, Melvin J. and Karas, Basiliki Vicky},\n\tmonth = aug,\n\tyear = {2009},\n\tpages = {141--158},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n The Politics and Practice of Archaeology in Conflict.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Perring, D.; and Van Der Linde, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n , 11: p.197–213. 2009.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{perring_politics_2009,\n\tseries = {Conservation and {Management} of {Archaeological} {Sites}},\n\ttitle = {The {Politics} and {Practice} of {Archaeology} in {Conflict}},\n\tvolume = {11},\n\tlanguage = {English},\n\tauthor = {Perring, Dominic and Van Der Linde, SJOERD},\n\tyear = {2009},\n\tkeywords = {archaeology, conflict, policy},\n\tpages = {p.197--213},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n A Comment on Hybrid Fields and Academic Gate-Keeping.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Holtorf, C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Public Archaeology, 8(2-3): 310–316. August 2009.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"A$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{holtorf_comment_2009,\n\ttitle = {A {Comment} on {Hybrid} {Fields} and {Academic} {Gate}-{Keeping}},\n\tvolume = {8},\n\tissn = {1465-5187, 1753-5530},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/175355309X457303},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/175355309X457303},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2-3},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Public Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Holtorf, Cornelius},\n\tmonth = aug,\n\tyear = {2009},\n\tpages = {310--316},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The UNIDROIT Convention on Stolen or Illegally Exported Cultural Objects – Ten Years On.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Prott, L.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Uniform Law Review, 14(1-2): 215–237. January 2009.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{prott_unidroit_2009,\n\ttitle = {The {UNIDROIT} {Convention} on {Stolen} or {Illegally} {Exported} {Cultural} {Objects} – {Ten} {Years} {On}},\n\tvolume = {14},\n\tissn = {2050-9065, 1124-3694},\n\turl = {http://academic.oup.com/ulr/article/14/1-2/215/1702053/The-UNIDROIT-Convention-on-Stolen-or-Illegally},\n\tdoi = {10.1093/ulr/14.1-2.215},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {1-2},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Uniform Law Review},\n\tauthor = {Prott, Lyndel},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2009},\n\tkeywords = {UNIDROIT},\n\tpages = {215--237},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Political Crisis and Palestine's Cultural Heritage: A Case Study from the Khirbet el-Lauz Site in Area C.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Al-Houdalieh, S. H.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 34(3): 338–350. January 2009.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Political$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{al-houdalieh_political_2009,\n\ttitle = {Political {Crisis} and {Palestine}'s {Cultural} {Heritage}: {A} {Case} {Study} from the {Khirbet} el-{Lauz} {Site} in {Area} {C}},\n\tvolume = {34},\n\tissn = {0093-4690},\n\tshorttitle = {Political {Crisis} and {Palestine}'s {Cultural} {Heritage}},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1179/009346909791070899},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346909791070899},\n\tabstract = {The protection of Palestine's archaeological heritage faces several serious obstacles: unenforced laws, lack of public awareness, deterioration of Palestine's economic status, unregulated urban development, and the protracted political conflict between the Palestinians and Israelis. As a result, a significant number of archaeological features and sites have been vandalized, looted, or intentionally destroyed without compunction over the past several decades. The Palestinian-Israeli political conflict has negatively affected the archaeological heritage in “Area C,” which remains under complete Israeli civil and military control. This area includes nearly 60\\% of the archaeological heritage located within the Palestinian Occupied Territories, but the Palestinian Department of Antiquities and Cultural Heritage lacks the authority to monitor and protect these sites. Furthermore, the Israeli civil and military authorities in the West Bank do not provide the necessary protection of cultural heritage resources in Area C. The devastation of these resources throughout the Palestinian Territories provides the impetus for this research. The main aim is to identify the results of the political conflict on Palestinian archaeological and cultural heritage sites, using a case study at the site of Khirbet el-Lauz.},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Al-Houdalieh, Salah H.},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2009},\n\tpages = {338--350},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Kersel, M.; and Luke, C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 34(1): 77–78. January 2009.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{kersel_antiquities_2009,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\tvolume = {34},\n\tissn = {0093-4690},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1179/009346909791071078},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346909791071078},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Kersel, Morag and Luke, Christina},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2009},\n\tpages = {77--78},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Tha Antiquities Market.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Kersel, M. M.; and Luke, C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 34(4): 481–482. January 2009.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Tha$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{kersel_tha_2009,\n\ttitle = {Tha {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\tvolume = {34},\n\tissn = {0093-4690},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1179/009346909791070754},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346909791070754},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Kersel, Morag M. and Luke, Christina},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2009},\n\tpages = {481--482},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The “War on Terror” and the Military–Archaeology Complex: Iraq, Ethics, and Neo-Colonialism.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Hamilakis, Y.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Archaeologies, 5(1): 39–65. April 2009.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{hamilakis_war_2009,\n\ttitle = {The “{War} on {Terror}” and the {Military}–{Archaeology} {Complex}: {Iraq}, {Ethics}, and {Neo}-{Colonialism}},\n\tvolume = {5},\n\tissn = {1935-3987},\n\tshorttitle = {The “{War} on {Terror}” and the {Military}–{Archaeology} {Complex}},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11759-009-9095-y},\n\tdoi = {10.1007/s11759-009-9095-y},\n\tabstract = {The archaeological response to the 2003 invasion and occupation of Iraq is often portrayed as a crusade to rescue antiquities, destroyed either directly by the military action itself or indirectly by the looting of archaeological sites and museums. I argue in this paper that this narrative is awfully inadequate, and masks the ethical and political dimensions at the core of this historical episode. I contend that, in their often well-intended attempts to rescue antiquities, most archaeologists involved have projected a professionalized, apolitical and abstract response, devoid of the social and political context, and based on the fetishisation of a narrowly and problematically defined archaeological record. I argue further that the increasing collaboration of many archaeologists with the invading militaries and occupation authorities since 2003, assisted by the “cultural turn” especially within the US military, have laid the foundations for an emerging military-archaeology complex. I trace the contours of this phenomenon by examining various archaeological and museum discourses and practices. This new development (with historical resonances that go as far back as the 18th century, if not earlier) is linked directly with the ontology and epistemology of archaeology, and deserves further close scrutiny and analysis. The thesis advanced here does not advocate inaction and withdrawal in situations of warfare, but a critical engagement that safeguards the autonomy of the scholar; critiques the political agendas and power structures of contemporary warfare; deconstructs its discursive basis and its ideological overtones; and shows its catastrophic consequences for people and things alike, past and present.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {Archaeologies},\n\tauthor = {Hamilakis, Yannis},\n\tmonth = apr,\n\tyear = {2009},\n\tkeywords = {Iraq, ethics, neo-colonialism, politics, war},\n\tpages = {39--65},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n

\n \n 2008\n \n \n (14)\n \n \n

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\n \n \n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Patterns of looting in southern Iraq.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Stone, E. C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Antiquity, 82(315): 125–138. March 2008.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Patterns$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{stone_patterns_2008,\n\ttitle = {Patterns of looting in southern {Iraq}},\n\tvolume = {82},\n\tissn = {0003-598X, 1745-1744},\n\turl = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/antiquity/article/patterns-of-looting-in-southern-iraq/5B5EABA44880C5F90AB58DB994108485},\n\tdoi = {10.1017/S0003598X00096496},\n\tabstract = {Patterns of looting in southern Iraq - Volume 82 Issue 315 - Elizabeth C. Stone},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {315},\n\turldate = {2020-04-24},\n\tjournal = {Antiquity},\n\tauthor = {Stone, Elizabeth C.},\n\tmonth = mar,\n\tyear = {2008},\n\tkeywords = {Babylon, Iraq, Islam, Larsa, Uruk, Wilaya, remote sensing},\n\tpages = {125--138},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Catastrophe! the looting and destruction of Iraq's past.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Emberling, G.; Hanson, K.; and Gibson, M.,\n editors.\n \n\n\n \n\n\n\n of Oriental Institute Museum publicationsOriental Institute of the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 2008.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@book{emberling_catastrophe_2008,\n\taddress = {Chicago, IL},\n\tseries = {Oriental {Institute} {Museum} publications},\n\ttitle = {Catastrophe! the looting and destruction of {Iraq}'s past},\n\tisbn = {978-1-885923-56-1},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {no. 28},\n\tpublisher = {Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago},\n\teditor = {Emberling, Geoff and Hanson, Katharyn and Gibson, McGuire},\n\tyear = {2008},\n\tkeywords = {Antiquities, Archaeological thefts, Cultural property, Destruction and pillage, Exhibitions, Iraq, Iraq War, 2003-2011, Protection},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The return of cultural objects removed in times of colonial domination and international law: the case of the Venus of Cyrene.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Chechi, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n The Italian Yearbook of International Law Online, 18(1): 159–181. 2008.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{chechi_return_2008,\n\ttitle = {The return of cultural objects removed in times of colonial domination and international law: the case of the {Venus} of {Cyrene}},\n\tvolume = {18},\n\tissn = {0391-5107, 2211-6133},\n\tshorttitle = {{THE} {RETURN} {OF} {CULTURAL} {OBJECTS} {REMOVED} {IN} {TIMES} {OF} {COLONIAL} {DOMINATION} {AND} {INTERNATIONAL} {LAW}},\n\turl = {https://brill.com/view/journals/iyio/18/1/article-p159_8.xml},\n\tdoi = {10.1163/22116133-90000080},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {The Italian Yearbook of International Law Online},\n\tauthor = {Chechi, Alessandro},\n\tyear = {2008},\n\tkeywords = {Cyrene, Venus of Cyrene, cololialism, international law, law, recovery, restitution, return},\n\tpages = {159--181},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n A Focus on the Demand Side of the Antiquities Equation.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Kersel, M. M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Near Eastern Archaeology, 71(4): 230–233. December 2008.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"A$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{kersel_focus_2008,\n\ttitle = {A {Focus} on the {Demand} {Side} of the {Antiquities} {Equation}},\n\tvolume = {71},\n\tissn = {1094-2076, 2325-5404},\n\turl = {https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/NEA20697193},\n\tdoi = {10.1086/NEA20697193},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Near Eastern Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Kersel, Morag M.},\n\tmonth = dec,\n\tyear = {2008},\n\tpages = {230--233},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Luke, C.; and Kersel, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 33(1): 101–102. January 2008.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{luke_antiquities_2008,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\tvolume = {33},\n\tissn = {0093-4690},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1179/009346908791071394},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346908791071394},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Luke, Christina and Kersel, Morag},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2008},\n\tpages = {101--102},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Raids suggest a deeper network of looted art.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Felch, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Los Angeles Times. January 2008.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{felch_raids_2008,\n\ttitle = {Raids suggest a deeper network of looted art},\n\tjournal = {Los Angeles Times},\n\tauthor = {Felch, Jason},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2008},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n A Survey of the Material and Intellectual Consequences of Trading in Undocumented Ancient Coins: a Case Study on the North American Trade.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Elkins, N. T.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Frankfurter elektronische Rundschau zur Altertumskunde, 7: undefined–undefined. 2008.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"A$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{elkins_survey_2008,\n\ttitle = {A {Survey} of the {Material} and {Intellectual} {Consequences} of {Trading} in {Undocumented} {Ancient} {Coins}: a {Case} {Study} on the {North} {American} {Trade}},\n\tvolume = {7},\n\tissn = {undefined},\n\tshorttitle = {A {Survey} of the {Material} and {Intellectual} {Consequences} of {Trading} in {Undocumented} {Ancient} {Coins}},\n\turl = {https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/0cf6b860-f0f5-35f7-ae54-36755fce1154/},\n\tabstract = {(2008) Elkins. Frankfurter elektronische Rundschau zur Altertumskunde. Ancient  coins  are  among  the  most  widely  collected  a{\\textbackslash}nnd  demanded  objects  among {\\textbackslash}nAmerican  collectors  of  antiquit...},\n\tlanguage = {en-GB},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {Frankfurter elektronische Rundschau zur Altertumskunde},\n\tauthor = {Elkins, Nathan T.},\n\tyear = {2008},\n\tpages = {undefined--undefined},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Editorial Essay.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Runnels, C.; and Hammond, N.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 33(1): 1–2. January 2008.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Editorial$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{runnels_editorial_2008,\n\ttitle = {Editorial {Essay}},\n\tvolume = {33},\n\tissn = {0093-4690},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1179/009346908791071367},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346908791071367},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Runnels, Curtis and Hammond, Norman},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2008},\n\tpages = {1--2},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n South Italian Pottery in the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston Acquired Since 1983.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Gill, D. W. J.; and Chippindale, C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 33(4): 462–472. January 2008.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"South$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{gill_south_2008,\n\ttitle = {South {Italian} {Pottery} in the {Museum} of {Fine} {Arts}, {Boston} {Acquired} {Since} 1983},\n\tvolume = {33},\n\tissn = {0093-4690},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1179/009346908791071150},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346908791071150},\n\tabstract = {The 2006 deaccessioning of antiquities from the Museum of Fine Arts (MFA), Boston, for return to Italy drew attention to the networks allowing objects to be sold on the market. This case study analyzes 13 South Italian pots (Apulian and Paestan) acquired by the MFA since its revised accessions policy of 1983. Only three appear to have documentation showing that they were known prior to 1970, and another three were part of the 2006 return. The remaining pots are associated with restorers and dealers who have been linked to the trade in recently surfaced antiquities. This suggests that museums need to adopt more rigorous policies to ensure that they do not acquire antiquities that may have been removed illegally from archaeological sites.},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Gill, David W. J. and Chippindale, Christopher},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2008},\n\tpages = {462--472},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Luke, C.; and Kersel, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 33(4): 461–462. January 2008.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{luke_antiquities_2008,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\tvolume = {33},\n\tissn = {0093-4690},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1179/009346908791071114},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346908791071114},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Luke, Christina and Kersel, Morag},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2008},\n\tpages = {461--462},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Patterns of looting in southern Iraq.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Stone, E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Antiquity, 82(315): 125–138. March 2008.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Patterns$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{stone_patterns_2008,\n\ttitle = {Patterns of looting in southern {Iraq}},\n\tvolume = {82},\n\tissn = {0003-598X, 1745-1744},\n\turl = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0003598X00096496/type/journal_article},\n\tdoi = {10.1017/S0003598X00096496},\n\tabstract = {The archaeological sites of Iraq, precious for their bearing on human history, became especially vulnerable to looters during two wars. Much of the looting evidence has been anecdotal up to now, but here satellite imagery has been employed to show which sites were looted and when. Sites of all sizes from late Uruk to early Islamic were targeted for their high value artefacts, particularly just before and after the 2003 invasion. The author comments that the ‘total area looted . . . was many times greater than all the archaeological investigations ever conducted in southern Iraq and must have yielded tablets, coins, cylinder seals, statues, terracottas, bronzes and other objects in the hundreds of thousands’.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {315},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Antiquity},\n\tauthor = {Stone, Elizabeth C.},\n\tmonth = mar,\n\tyear = {2008},\n\tpages = {125--138},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Transnational Crimes Against Culture: Looting at Archaeological Sites and the “Grey” Market in Antiquities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Bowman, B. A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice. May 2008.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Transnational$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{bowman_transnational_2008,\n\ttitle = {Transnational {Crimes} {Against} {Culture}: {Looting} at {Archaeological} {Sites} and the “{Grey}” {Market} in {Antiquities}},\n\tshorttitle = {Transnational {Crimes} {Against} {Culture}},\n\turl = {https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1043986208318210},\n\tdoi = {10.1177/1043986208318210},\n\tabstract = {Diversified transnational criminal activities coupled with broader geographic capabilities have turned the black and white line between the licit “upperworld” a...},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice},\n\tauthor = {Bowman, Blythe A.},\n\tmonth = may,\n\tyear = {2008},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Time Crime: The Transnational Organization of Art and Antiquities Theft.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Lane, D. C.; Bromley, D. G.; Hicks, R. D.; and Mahoney, J. S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice. May 2008.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Time$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{lane_time_2008,\n\ttitle = {Time {Crime}: {The} {Transnational} {Organization} of {Art} and {Antiquities} {Theft}},\n\tshorttitle = {Time {Crime}},\n\turl = {https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1043986208318219},\n\tdoi = {10.1177/1043986208318219},\n\tabstract = {The looting of art and antiquities is an ancient practice. However, recent decades have witnessed such a dramatic increase in the magnitude and impact of “time ...},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice},\n\tauthor = {Lane, David C. and Bromley, David G. and Hicks, Robert D. and Mahoney, John S.},\n\tmonth = may,\n\tyear = {2008},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Archaeologists and the Military in Iraq, 2003–2008: Compromise or Contribution?.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Emberling, G.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Archaeologies, 4(3): 445–459. December 2008.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Archaeologists$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{emberling_archaeologists_2008,\n\ttitle = {Archaeologists and the {Military} in {Iraq}, 2003–2008: {Compromise} or {Contribution}?},\n\tvolume = {4},\n\tissn = {1935-3987},\n\tshorttitle = {Archaeologists and the {Military} in {Iraq}, 2003–2008},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11759-008-9085-5},\n\tdoi = {10.1007/s11759-008-9085-5},\n\tabstract = {An offer to teach military units deploying to Iraq about history and culture of the region raised questions that are relevant to all archaeologists whose areas of study are subjected to armed conflict. Should we engage with the military at all, giving them the benefit of not only our archaeological knowledge, but our familiarity with local customs? Or could that knowledge be used against the local population that has welcomed us over the years or in some way lead to destruction of monuments, sites, and museums? I summarize my experience and compare this program with parallel efforts by other archaeologists working with the military since 2003.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {Archaeologies},\n\tauthor = {Emberling, Geoff},\n\tmonth = dec,\n\tyear = {2008},\n\tkeywords = {Iraq, archaeology, military, war},\n\tpages = {445--459},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n

\n \n 2007\n \n \n (5)\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Luke, C.; and Kersel, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 32(1): 83–83. January 2007.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{luke_antiquities_2007,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\tvolume = {32},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346907791071719},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346907791071719},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Luke, Christina and Kersel, Morag},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2007},\n\tpages = {83--83},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Transcending Borders: Objects on the Move.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Kersel, M. M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Archaeologies, 3(2): 81–98. July 2007.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Transcending$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{kersel_transcending_2007,\n\ttitle = {Transcending {Borders}: {Objects} on the {Move}},\n\tvolume = {3},\n\tissn = {1555-8622, 1935-3987},\n\tshorttitle = {Transcending {Borders}},\n\turl = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11759-007-9013-0},\n\tdoi = {10.1007/s11759-007-9013-0},\n\tabstract = {Does the demand for archaeological artefacts in the legal marketplace in Israel increase the looting of archaeological sites in the region? Through the course of investigating this question it became apparent that while consumer demand may be at the heart of the trade in antiquities, the nature and driving forces behind looting are far more complex than is often understood. The motivations for looting involve notions of nationalism, the forces of globalism, conflicting preservation and management plans, colonialism, and long-entrenched traditional practices. It is an examination of this complexity (i.e. the multiple forms of and incentives for looting), which forms the focus of this paper. This is an exploration of the multivocality of the various agents who make it possible for objects to transcend borders.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Archaeologies},\n\tauthor = {Kersel, Morag M.},\n\tmonth = jul,\n\tyear = {2007},\n\tkeywords = {antiquities trade, borders},\n\tpages = {81--98},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Luke, C.; and Kersel, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 32(2): 195–195. January 2007.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{luke_antiquities_2007,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\tvolume = {32},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346907791071638},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346907791071638},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Luke, Christina and Kersel, Morag},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2007},\n\tpages = {195--195},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Balancing Archaeological Responsibilities and Community Commitments: A Case from Honduras.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Davis-Salazar, K. L.; Wells, E. C.; and Moreno-Cortés, J. E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 32(2): 196–205. January 2007.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Balancing$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{davis-salazar_balancing_2007,\n\ttitle = {Balancing {Archaeological} {Responsibilities} and {Community} {Commitments}: {A} {Case} from {Honduras}},\n\tvolume = {32},\n\tissn = {0093-4690},\n\tshorttitle = {Balancing {Archaeological} {Responsibilities} and {Community} {Commitments}},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1179/009346907791071593},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346907791071593},\n\tabstract = {Exploring the implications of a recent discovery in NW Honduras, this paper considers the ethical dilemma that arises when an archaeologist's responsibility to disseminate information conflicts with her/his commitment to protect cultural resources. We suggest that applied archaeology that benefits local communities among which investigations are conducted is a first step toward developing long-term solutions to conservation and stewardship challenges.},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Davis-Salazar, Karla L. and Wells, E. Christian and Moreno-Cortés, José E.},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2007},\n\tpages = {196--205},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n ‘National Antiquities’ and the Law.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Dawson, N. M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n The Journal of Legal History, 28(1): 57–92. April 2007.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"‘National$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{dawson_national_2007,\n\ttitle = {‘{National} {Antiquities}’ and the {Law}},\n\tvolume = {28},\n\tissn = {0144-0365},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1080/01440360701237848},\n\tdoi = {10.1080/01440360701237848},\n\tabstract = {National museums, housing ‘national antiquities’, were a nineteenth-century cultural phenomenon throughout Europe. In the United Kingdom, they afforded the Treasury a means of preserving relics of antiquity claimed as treasure trove. While satisfying the desire of the scientific community for the preservation of archaeological finds, and national sentiment in Scotland and Ireland, Treasury practice undermined the British Museum's eponymous mission. This paper traces the development and legal consequences of the Treasury policy of national allocation of treasure trove, including the discussion in the Museums Committee of 1898–99 of the ‘nationality’ of objects and artefacts, and considers the potential wider significance of ‘national antiquity’ in the context of changing constitutional arrangements in the United Kingdom in the 1920s, and in the future.},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {The Journal of Legal History},\n\tauthor = {Dawson, N. M.},\n\tmonth = apr,\n\tyear = {2007},\n\tpages = {57--92},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n

\n \n 2006\n \n \n (9)\n \n \n

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\n \n \n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Luke, C.; and Kersel, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 31(2): 185–198. January 2006.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{luke_antiquities_2006,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\tvolume = {31},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346906791071963},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346906791071963},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Luke, Christina and Kersel, Morag},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2006},\n\tpages = {185--198},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Luke, C.; and Kersel, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 31(3): 317–317. January 2006.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{luke_antiquities_2006,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\tvolume = {31},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346906791071945},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346906791071945},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Luke, Christina and Kersel, Morag},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2006},\n\tpages = {317--317},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n South America on the block: the changing face of Pre-Columbian antiquities auctions in response to international law.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Yates, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Ph.D. Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@phdthesis{yates_south_2006,\n\ttitle = {South {America} on the block: the changing face of {Pre}-{Columbian} antiquities auctions in response to international law},\n\tschool = {University of Cambridge},\n\tauthor = {Yates, Donna},\n\tyear = {2006},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Luke, C.; and Kersel, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 31(2): 185–198. January 2006.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{luke_antiquities_2006,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\tvolume = {31},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346906791071963},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346906791071963},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Luke, Christina and Kersel, Morag},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2006},\n\tpages = {185--198},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Luke, C.; and Kersel, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 31(4): 425–425. January 2006.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{luke_antiquities_2006,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\tvolume = {31},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346906791071819},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346906791071819},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Luke, Christina and Kersel, Morag},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2006},\n\tpages = {425--425},\n}\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Conservation of Maya Cultural Heritage: Searching for Solutions in a Troubled Region.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Parks, S.; Mcanany, P. A.; and Murata, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 31(4): 425–432. January 2006.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{parks_conservation_2006,\n\ttitle = {The {Conservation} of {Maya} {Cultural} {Heritage}: {Searching} for {Solutions} in a {Troubled} {Region}},\n\tvolume = {31},\n\tissn = {0093-4690},\n\tshorttitle = {The {Conservation} of {Maya} {Cultural} {Heritage}},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1179/009346906791071846},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346906791071846},\n\tabstract = {Maya archaeological heritage continues to be a victim of looting, urbanization, and development despite the increased visibility of the issue within the field of archaeology. This article provides a generalized network analysis of the destruction of Maya cultural heritage in southern Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, western Honduras, and EI Salvador based on interviews conducted in 2006 by the Maya Area Cultural Heritage Initiative (MACHI) with archaeologists, government officials, non-governmental organizations, and Maya leaders. According to informants, interest among local people to conserve archaeological sites has been deeply affected by a lack of education about both Maya archaeology and the national and international laws assuring protection of cultural heritage; many local people, including members of modern Maya groups, see little value in the conservation of the Precolumbian past. MACHI suggests that an effective way to mitigate looting and the wanton destruction of Maya cultural heritage is through the promotion of a variety of educational initiatives (ranging from informal to institutional, for both children and adults) that seek to combine the knowledge of Western archaeological science with indigenous ways of knowing the past. Such initiatives could encourage the construction of positive relationships between indigenous and other local peoples and archaeological remains.},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Parks, Shoshaunna and Mcanany, Patricia A. and Murata, Satoru},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2006},\n\tpages = {425--432},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n From Boston to Rome: Reflections on Returning Antiquities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Gill, D.; and Chippindale, C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Journal of Cultural Property, 13(3): 311–331. August 2006.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"From$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{gill_boston_2006,\n\ttitle = {From {Boston} to {Rome}: {Reflections} on {Returning} {Antiquities}},\n\tvolume = {13},\n\tissn = {1465-7317, 0940-7391},\n\tshorttitle = {From {Boston} to {Rome}},\n\turl = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/international-journal-of-cultural-property/article/from-boston-to-rome-reflections-on-returning-antiquities/CB17D68282651208883CDB2CEE5A6B1D},\n\tdoi = {10.1017/S0940739106060206},\n\tabstract = {The return of 13 classical antiquities from Boston's Museum of\nFine Arts (MFA) to Italy provides a glimpse into a major museum's\nacquisition patterns from 1971 to 1999. Evidence emerging during the trial\nof Marion True and Robert E. Hecht Jr. in Rome is allowing the Italian\nauthorities to identify antiquities that have been removed from their\narchaeological contexts by illicit digging. Key dealers and galleries are\nidentified, and with them other objects that have followed the same route.\nThe fabrication of old collections to hide the recent surfacing\nof antiquities is also explored.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: The authors are grateful to the following\nfor their assistance during the writing of this paper: Malcolm Bell, Ann\nCopeland (La Trobe University), Tracey Cullen, Colin Hope (Monash\nUniversity), Andrew Jamieson (University of Melbourne), Ian MacPhee (La\nTrobe University), Jessica Powers (San Antonio Museum of Art), Sonia\nPuttock (University of Queensland), Peter Watson, and Karol Wight (The J.\nPaul Getty Museum).},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {International Journal of Cultural Property},\n\tauthor = {Gill, David and Chippindale, Christopher},\n\tmonth = aug,\n\tyear = {2006},\n\tpages = {311--331},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Heritage for Sale? A Case Study from Israel.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Kersel, M. M.; and Kletter, R.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 31(3): 317–327. January 2006.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Heritage$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n 3 downloads\n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{kersel_heritage_2006,\n\ttitle = {Heritage for {Sale}? {A} {Case} {Study} from {Israel}},\n\tvolume = {31},\n\tissn = {0093-4690},\n\tshorttitle = {Heritage for {Sale}?},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1179/009346906791071936},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346906791071936},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Kersel, Morag M. and Kletter, Raz},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2006},\n\tkeywords = {Case Study, Israel, Sale},\n\tpages = {317--327},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Psychosocial Balance Sheets: Illicit Purchase Decisions in the Antiquities Market.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Mackenzie, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Current Issues in Criminal Justice, 18(2): 221–240. November 2006.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Psychosocial$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{mackenzie_psychosocial_2006,\n\ttitle = {Psychosocial {Balance} {Sheets}: {Illicit} {Purchase} {Decisions} in the {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\tvolume = {18},\n\tissn = {1034-5329},\n\tshorttitle = {Psychosocial {Balance} {Sheets}},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1080/10345329.2006.12036388},\n\tdoi = {10.1080/10345329.2006.12036388},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Current Issues in Criminal Justice},\n\tauthor = {Mackenzie, Simon},\n\tmonth = nov,\n\tyear = {2006},\n\tpages = {221--240},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n 2005\n \n \n (10)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Inventario PBC dei Carabinieri TT - Compiling summary inventories in crisis-hit regions.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Zottin, U.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n KGS Forum = Forum PBC, (6): 67–72. 2005.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Inventario$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{zottin_inventario_2005,\n\ttitle = {Inventario {PBC} dei {Carabinieri} {TT} - {Compiling} summary inventories in crisis-hit regions},\n\tissn = {undefined},\n\turl = {https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/1d7eaee8-5e8d-3e95-8405-0699302c0027/},\n\tabstract = {(2005) Zottin. KGS Forum = Forum PBC. The Italian carabinieri (military police force) have a special unit that deals with safeguarding the country's cultural heritage. At an international conferenc...},\n\tlanguage = {en-GB},\n\tnumber = {6},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {KGS Forum = Forum PBC},\n\tauthor = {Zottin, Ugo},\n\tyear = {2005},\n\tkeywords = {Europe, Iraq, Italy, archaeological objects, archaeological sites, databases, documentation(activity), international agreements, inventorying, law enforcing, legislation, site protection, war},\n\tpages = {67--72},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The illicit traffic in plundered antiquities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Alder, C.; and Polk, K.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Handbook of Transnational Crime and Justice,undefined–undefined. 2005.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{alder_illicit_2005,\n\ttitle = {The illicit traffic in plundered antiquities},\n\tissn = {undefined},\n\turl = {https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/d5f5e1f5-98a8-3fce-99bf-a8d1ed3d9bac/},\n\tabstract = {(2005) Alder, Polk. Handbook of Transnational Crime and Justice},\n\tlanguage = {en-GB},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {Handbook of Transnational Crime and Justice},\n\tauthor = {Alder, Christine and Polk, Kenneth},\n\tyear = {2005},\n\tpages = {undefined--undefined},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Luke, C.; and Kersel, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 30(4): 457–457. January 2005.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{luke_antiquities_2005,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\tvolume = {30},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346905791072198},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346905791072198},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Luke, Christina and Kersel, Morag},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2005},\n\tpages = {457--457},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Metadata requirements for digital museum environments.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Patel, M.; White, M.; Mourkoussis, N.; Walczak, K.; Wojciechowski, R.; and Chmielewski, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Journal on Digital Libraries, 5(3): 179–192. May 2005.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Metadata$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{patel_metadata_2005,\n\ttitle = {Metadata requirements for digital museum environments},\n\tvolume = {5},\n\tissn = {1432-5012, 1432-1300},\n\turl = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00799-004-0104-x},\n\tdoi = {10.1007/s00799-004-0104-x},\n\tabstract = {We describe a system which addresses all the processes involved in digitally acquiring, modelling, storing, manipulating and creating virtual exhibitions from 3D museum artefacts. More specifically, we examine the significance of metadata in enabling and supporting all of these processes and describe the extensive facilities provided for authoring, maintaining and managing metadata. The development of the system has been heavily influenced by factors relating to interoperability, standards, museum best practice and feedback from two museum pilot sites. Finally, we briefly consider the system in the wider context of applications such at virtual learning environments (VLEs) and distributed repositories of archives.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2019-12-19},\n\tjournal = {International Journal on Digital Libraries},\n\tauthor = {Patel, Manjula and White, Martin and Mourkoussis, Nicholaos and Walczak, Krzysztof and Wojciechowski, Rafal and Chmielewski, Jacek},\n\tmonth = may,\n\tyear = {2005},\n\tpages = {179--192},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Thoughts on the Role of the Humanities in Contemporary Life.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Stewart, S. (. A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n New Literary History, 36(1): 97–103. 2005.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Thoughts$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{stewart_thoughts_2005,\n\ttitle = {Thoughts on the {Role} of the {Humanities} in {Contemporary} {Life}},\n\tvolume = {36},\n\tissn = {1080-661X},\n\turl = {http://muse.jhu.edu/content/crossref/journals/new_literary_history/v036/36.1stewart.html},\n\tdoi = {10.1353/nlh.2005.0026},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {New Literary History},\n\tauthor = {Stewart, Susan (Susan A.)},\n\tyear = {2005},\n\tkeywords = {humanities},\n\tpages = {97--103},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market, Sensationalized Textual Data, and Modern Forgeries.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Vaughn, A. G.; and Rollston, C. A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Near Eastern Archaeology, 68(1-2): 61–65. March 2005.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{vaughn_antiquities_2005,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}, {Sensationalized} {Textual} {Data}, and {Modern} {Forgeries}},\n\tvolume = {68},\n\tissn = {1094-2076, 2325-5404},\n\turl = {https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/NEA25067594},\n\tdoi = {10.1086/NEA25067594},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {1-2},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Near Eastern Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Vaughn, Andrew G. and Rollston, Christopher A.},\n\tmonth = mar,\n\tyear = {2005},\n\tpages = {61--65},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Beyond Cataloguing Losses: The Iraq Museum Database Project at the Oriental Institute, University of Chicago.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Reichel, C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Visual Resources, 21(1): 93–113. March 2005.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Beyond$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{reichel_beyond_2005,\n\ttitle = {Beyond {Cataloguing} {Losses}: {The} {Iraq} {Museum} {Database} {Project} at the {Oriental} {Institute}, {University} of {Chicago}},\n\tvolume = {21},\n\tissn = {0197-3762},\n\tshorttitle = {Beyond {Cataloguing} {Losses}},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1080/0197376052000324623a},\n\tdoi = {10.1080/0197376052000324623a},\n\tabstract = {Among the numerous responses to the looting of the Iraq Museum in April 2003, in the aftermath of the war on Iraq, was the creation of an online database at the University of Chicago's Oriental Institute of objects from the Iraq Museum that are presumed to be stolen. This article summarizes the layout and scope of this project and discusses the problems faced by archaeologists in building an archaeological database for a non-specialist audience. It raises the uncomfortable question to what degree museums around the world are prepared to face such disasters and strongly endorses the creation of “digital backups” of their collections.},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Visual Resources},\n\tauthor = {Reichel, Clemens},\n\tmonth = mar,\n\tyear = {2005},\n\tkeywords = {Iraq, Iraq Museum, Baghdad, Oriental Institute, University of Chicago, Visual Documentation, looting},\n\tpages = {93--113},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The UNESCO Convention's Role in American Cultural Property Law: The Journey to U.S. v. Frederick Schultz.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Spiegler, H. N.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Museum International, 57(4): 103–111. December 2005.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{spiegler_unesco_2005,\n\ttitle = {The {UNESCO} {Convention}'s {Role} in {American} {Cultural} {Property} {Law}: {The} {Journey} to {U}.{S}. v. {Frederick} {Schultz}},\n\tvolume = {57},\n\tissn = {1350-0775},\n\tshorttitle = {The {UNESCO} {Convention}'s {Role} in {American} {Cultural} {Property} {Law}},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0033.2005.00544.x},\n\tdoi = {10.1111/j.1468-0033.2005.00544.x},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Museum International},\n\tauthor = {Spiegler, Howard N.},\n\tmonth = dec,\n\tyear = {2005},\n\tkeywords = {Schultz, UNESCO, US, cultural property law, law},\n\tpages = {103--111},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Destruction of Our Cultural Heritage—Examples of Visual Documentation from Iraq, Afghanistan and Croatia.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n\n\n Visual Resources, 21(1): 3–4. March 2005.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{noauthor_destruction_2005,\n\ttitle = {The {Destruction} of {Our} {Cultural} {Heritage}—{Examples} of {Visual} {Documentation} from {Iraq}, {Afghanistan} and {Croatia}},\n\tvolume = {21},\n\tissn = {0197-3762},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1080/0197376052000324579},\n\tdoi = {10.1080/0197376052000324579},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Visual Resources},\n\tmonth = mar,\n\tyear = {2005},\n\tkeywords = {Afghanistan, Croatia, Iraq, cultural heritage, destruction, documentation},\n\tpages = {3--4},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Rescuing our neglected heritage: The evolution of the Government's policy on portable antiquities in England and Wales.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Bland, R.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Cultural Trends, 14(4): 257–296. December 2005.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Rescuing$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{bland_rescuing_2005,\n\ttitle = {Rescuing our neglected heritage: {The} evolution of the {Government}'s policy on portable antiquities in {England} and {Wales}},\n\tvolume = {14},\n\tissn = {0954-8963},\n\tshorttitle = {Rescuing our neglected heritage},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1080/09548960600573526},\n\tdoi = {10.1080/09548960600573526},\n\tabstract = {This paper looks at the evolution of a new approach to an old problem—that of protecting the heritage of moveable archaeological objects—‘portable antiquities’—in England and Wales. It sets out a brief history of attempts to bring forward legislation to protect such finds, charts the rise of metal detecting as an activity and describes the successful process of changing government policy through the Treasure Act 1996. This led to the Portable Antiquities Scheme which has now received full government funding. The paper looks at how this was achieved through the development of what has been described as the largest community archaeology project in the country, which is starting to change public attitudes towards objects from the past. These two initiatives have in fact started to lead to a change in public attitude towards material from the past.},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Cultural Trends},\n\tauthor = {Bland, Roger},\n\tmonth = dec,\n\tyear = {2005},\n\tkeywords = {Archaeology, England, Law, Treasure, Wales, cultural heritage, metal detecting, portable antiquities},\n\tpages = {257--296},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n 2004\n \n \n (5)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Looting in the context of violent conflict: a conceptualisation and typology.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Mac Ginty, R.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Third World Quarterly, 25(5): 857–870. July 2004.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Looting$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{mac_ginty_looting_2004,\n\ttitle = {Looting in the context of violent conflict: a conceptualisation and typology},\n\tvolume = {25},\n\tissn = {0143-6597, 1360-2241},\n\tshorttitle = {Looting in the context of violent conflict},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0143659042000231965},\n\tdoi = {10.1080/0143659042000231965},\n\tabstract = {The term looting is often used as a generic term for appropriation during armed conﬂict, with the greed thesis of conﬂict causation often making far-reaching claims on behalf of looting. Looting, we are led to believe, constitutes both a cause and a component of contemporary armed conﬂict and has substantial human costs. Despite the currency of the term, it remains under-conceptualised, often approximating to an undifferentiated category of all theft during warfare. This article conceptualises looting, noting that it is a label rather than a description of a particular type of activity. It then identiﬁes necessary precipitants for looting behaviour before offering a typology of looting based on the motivations of looters and the processes involved in the looting activity. Since it is the product of multiple motivations, many simultaneously in operation, comprehensive explanations of looting require a composite theory capable of recognising its affective, political, and economic–rational choice components.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {5},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Third World Quarterly},\n\tauthor = {Mac Ginty, Roger},\n\tmonth = jul,\n\tyear = {2004},\n\tpages = {857--870},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n How to get a 2,000% profit from selling an object.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Petkova, G.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Journal of Heritage Studies, 10(4): 361–367. September 2004.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"How$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{petkova_how_2004,\n\ttitle = {How to get a 2,000\\% profit from selling an object},\n\tvolume = {10},\n\tissn = {1352-7258, 1470-3610},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/1352725042000257384},\n\tdoi = {10.1080/1352725042000257384},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {International Journal of Heritage Studies},\n\tauthor = {Petkova, Gabriela},\n\tmonth = sep,\n\tyear = {2004},\n\tpages = {361--367},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Measures against the illicit trade in cultural objects: the emerging strategy in Britain.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Gaimster, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Antiquity, 78(301): 699–707. September 2004.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Measures$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{gaimster_measures_2004,\n\ttitle = {Measures against the illicit trade in cultural objects: the emerging strategy in {Britain}},\n\tvolume = {78},\n\tissn = {0003-598X, 1745-1744},\n\tshorttitle = {Measures against the illicit trade in cultural objects},\n\turl = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0003598X0011333X/type/journal_article},\n\tdoi = {10.1017/S0003598X0011333X},\n\tabstract = {Until recently the UK was notorious for its illicit market in unlawfully removed art and antiquities from around the globe. Today the UK marketplace is operating in a very different climate. The UK has recently become a state party to the 1970 UNESCO Convention and is now introducing a package of measures designed to strengthen its treaty obligations, central to which is the creation of a new criminal offence of dishonestly dealing in cultural objects unlawfully removed anywhere in the world. These also include the development of effective tools to aid enforcement and duediligence. Recent events in Iraq have also forced the UK Government to announce its intention to ratify the 1954 Hague Convention.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {301},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Antiquity},\n\tauthor = {Gaimster, David},\n\tmonth = sep,\n\tyear = {2004},\n\tpages = {699--707},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Australia's Protection of foreign states' s cultural heritage.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Forest, C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n University of New South Wales Law Journal, 27(3): 605–630. January 2004.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{forest_australias_2004,\n\ttitle = {Australia's {Protection} of foreign states' s cultural heritage},\n\tvolume = {27},\n\tissn = {0313-0096},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\tjournal = {University of New South Wales Law Journal},\n\tauthor = {Forest, Craig},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2004},\n\tpages = {605--630},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Looted Art Carries Its Own Set of Problems.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Kaye, L. M; and Spiegler, H. N\n\n\n \n\n\n\n NEW YORK LAW JOURNAL,3. May 2004.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{kaye_looted_2004,\n\ttitle = {Looted {Art} {Carries} {Its} {Own} {Set} of {Problems}},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tjournal = {NEW YORK LAW JOURNAL},\n\tauthor = {Kaye, Lawrence M and Spiegler, Howard N},\n\tmonth = may,\n\tyear = {2004},\n\tpages = {3},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n 2003\n \n \n (5)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Strengthening the International Regime for the Prevention of the Illicit Trade in Cultural Heritage.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Forrest, C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Melbourne Journal of International Law, 4(2): 592–610. 2003.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Strengthening$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{forrest_strengthening_2003,\n\ttitle = {Strengthening the {International} {Regime} for the {Prevention} of the {Illicit} {Trade} in {Cultural} {Heritage}},\n\tvolume = {4},\n\tissn = {undefined},\n\turl = {https://law.unimelb.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0011/1680365/Forrest.pdf},\n\tabstract = {(2003) Forrest. Melbourne Journal of International Law. [Whilst the illict movement and trade of movable cultural heritage has long been of international concern, it has re-emerged in recent times ...},\n\tlanguage = {en-GB},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {Melbourne Journal of International Law},\n\tauthor = {Forrest, Craig},\n\tyear = {2003},\n\tpages = {592--610},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n ARCHAEOLOGY: Afghani Restoration Lags; Looting Proceeds Apace.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Lawler, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Science, 301(5629): 25–25. July 2003.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"ARCHAEOLOGY:$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{lawler_archaeology_2003,\n\ttitle = {{ARCHAEOLOGY}: {Afghani} {Restoration} {Lags}; {Looting} {Proceeds} {Apace}},\n\tvolume = {301},\n\tissn = {0036-8075, 1095-9203},\n\tshorttitle = {{ARCHAEOLOGY}},\n\turl = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/doi/10.1126/science.301.5629.25},\n\tdoi = {10.1126/science.301.5629.25},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {5629},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Science},\n\tauthor = {Lawler, A.},\n\tmonth = jul,\n\tyear = {2003},\n\tpages = {25--25},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 2001 UNESCO convention on the protection of the underwater cultural heritage.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Dromgoole, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law, 18(1): undefined–undefined. 2003.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"2001$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{dromgoole_2001_2003,\n\ttitle = {2001 {UNESCO} convention on the protection of the underwater cultural heritage},\n\tvolume = {18},\n\tissn = {09273522},\n\turl = {http://orcp.hustoj.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/2003-2001-UNESCO-Convention-on-the-Protection-of-the-Underwater-Cultural-Heritage.pdf},\n\tdoi = {10.1163/157180803100380375},\n\tabstract = {(2003) Dromgoole. International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law. The UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage, adopted in November 2001, is designed to create a leg...},\n\tlanguage = {en-GB},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law},\n\tauthor = {Dromgoole, Sarah},\n\tyear = {2003},\n\tpages = {undefined--undefined},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Mayhem in Mesopotamia.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Lawler, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Science, 301(5633): 582–588. August 2003.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Mayhem$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{lawler_mayhem_2003,\n\ttitle = {Mayhem in {Mesopotamia}},\n\tvolume = {301},\n\tcopyright = {© 2003 American Association for the Advancement of Science},\n\tissn = {0036-8075, 1095-9203},\n\turl = {https://science.sciencemag.org/content/301/5633/582},\n\tdoi = {10.1126/science.301.5633.582},\n\tabstract = {BAGHDAD-- From catastrophe to exaggeration, and from blunder to bluster, the looting of the Iraq Museum turned a scientific and cultural tragedy into a media event and political free-for-all. Related stories discuss proposed new restrictions on the antiquities trade and the plundering of archaeological sites in remote areas of Iraq.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {5633},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {Science},\n\tauthor = {Lawler, Andrew},\n\tmonth = aug,\n\tyear = {2003},\n\tpmid = {12893918},\n\tpages = {582--588},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Illegal Archaeology? International conference about future problems with illicit traffic in antiquities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Nørskov, V.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n European Journal of Archaeology, 6(3): 333–336. December 2003.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Illegal$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{norskov_illegal_2003,\n\ttitle = {Illegal {Archaeology}? {International} conference about future problems with illicit traffic in antiquities},\n\tvolume = {6},\n\tissn = {1461-9571},\n\tshorttitle = {Illegal {Archaeology}?},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1179/eja.2003.6.3.333},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/eja.2003.6.3.333},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {European Journal of Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Nørskov, Vinnie},\n\tmonth = dec,\n\tyear = {2003},\n\tpages = {333--336},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n\n\n\n

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\n \n 2002\n \n \n (1)\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Metadata Principles and Practicalities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Duval, E.; Hodgins, W.; Sutton, S.; and Weibel, S. L.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n D-Lib Magazine, 8(4). April 2002.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Metadata$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{duval_metadata_2002,\n\ttitle = {Metadata {Principles} and {Practicalities}},\n\tvolume = {8},\n\tissn = {1082-9873},\n\turl = {http://www.dlib.org/dlib/april02/weibel/04weibel.html},\n\tdoi = {10.1045/april2002-weibel},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2019-12-19},\n\tjournal = {D-Lib Magazine},\n\tauthor = {Duval, Erik and Hodgins, Wayne and Sutton, Stuart and Weibel, Stuart L.},\n\tmonth = apr,\n\tyear = {2002},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n 2001\n \n \n (3)\n \n \n

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\n \n \n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n War and Cultural Property: The 1954 Hague Convention and the Status of U.S. Ratification.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Colwell–Chanthaphonh, C.; and Piper, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n International Journal of Cultural Property, 10(2): 217–245. 2001.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"War$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{colwellchanthaphonh_war_2001,\n\ttitle = {War and {Cultural} {Property}: {The} 1954 {Hague} {Convention} and the {Status} of {U}.{S}. {Ratification}},\n\tvolume = {10},\n\tissn = {09407391},\n\tshorttitle = {War and {Cultural} {Property}},\n\turl = {https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/0af9beb3-d9e3-33da-80b5-c64b2bdabf30/},\n\tdoi = {10.1017/S0940739101771317},\n\tabstract = {(2001) Colwell–Chanthaphonh, Piper. International Journal of Cultural Property. In May of 1954, the Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict (Hague Conventi...},\n\tlanguage = {en-GB},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {International Journal of Cultural Property},\n\tauthor = {Colwell–Chanthaphonh, Chip and Piper, John},\n\tyear = {2001},\n\tpages = {217--245},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Control System Under the Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict 1954 and its Second Protocol.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Hladik, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Yearbook of International Humanitarian Law, 4: 419–431. December 2001.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{hladik_control_2001,\n\ttitle = {The {Control} {System} {Under} the {Hague} {Convention} for the {Protection} of {Cultural} {Property} in the {Event} of {Armed} {Conflict} 1954 and its {Second} {Protocol}},\n\tvolume = {4},\n\tissn = {1389-1359, 1574-096X},\n\turl = {http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S1389135900000933},\n\tdoi = {10.1017/S1389135900000933},\n\tabstract = {This article examines the control system under the Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict 1954 (the Convention) and its Second Protocol (the Protocol). It is divided into three parts. Part 1 introduces the control system and provides some examples of its implementation; Part 2 focuses on the evaluation of the control system during a recent review of the Convention; and Part 3 compares the control system under the Convention with that under the Second Protocol to the Convention.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Yearbook of International Humanitarian Law},\n\tauthor = {Hladik, Jan},\n\tmonth = dec,\n\tyear = {2001},\n\tpages = {419--431},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Trade in Illicit Antiquities: The Destruction of the World's Archaeological Heritage.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Bruhns, K. O.; Brodie, N.; Doole, J.; and Renfrew, C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 28(1/2): 222. 2001.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Trade$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{bruhns_trade_2001,\n\ttitle = {Trade in {Illicit} {Antiquities}: {The} {Destruction} of the {World}'s {Archaeological} {Heritage}.},\n\tvolume = {28},\n\tissn = {00934690},\n\tshorttitle = {Trade in {Illicit} {Antiquities}},\n\turl = {https://www.jstor.org/stable/3181473?origin=crossref},\n\tdoi = {10.2307/3181473},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {1/2},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Bruhns, Karen Olsen and Brodie, Neil and Doole, Jennifer and Renfrew, Colin},\n\tyear = {2001},\n\tkeywords = {destruction, illicit antiquities trade, world heritage site},\n\tpages = {222},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n 2000\n \n \n (3)\n \n \n

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\n \n \n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Sir Charles Frederick and the forgery of ancient coins in eighteenth-century Rome.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Spier, J.; and Kagan, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of the History of Collections, 12(1): 35–90. January 2000.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Sir$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{spier_sir_2000,\n\ttitle = {Sir {Charles} {Frederick} and the forgery of ancient coins in eighteenth-century {Rome}},\n\tvolume = {12},\n\tissn = {0954-6650},\n\turl = {https://academic.oup.com/jhc/article/12/1/35/765722},\n\tdoi = {10.1093/jhc/12.1.35},\n\tabstract = {Abstract.  In the early part of the eighteenth century, a number of Englishmen with a special interest in ancient coins travelled to Rome to see the monuments o},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {Journal of the History of Collections},\n\tauthor = {Spier, Jeffrey and Kagan, Jonathan},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2000},\n\tpages = {35--90},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Ancient Art from Cyprus: The Cesnola Collection in the Metropolitan Museum of Art.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n York, N. Y. ) M. M. o. A. (.; N.Y.), M. M. o. A. (. Y.; Karageorghis, V.; Mertens, J. R.; Collection, N. Y. ) C.; and Rose, M. E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2000.\n Google-Books-ID: 5UqrBKO7XCMC\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@book{york_ancient_2000,\n\ttitle = {Ancient {Art} from {Cyprus}: {The} {Cesnola} {Collection} in the {Metropolitan} {Museum} of {Art}},\n\tisbn = {9780870999444},\n\tshorttitle = {Ancient {Art} from {Cyprus}},\n\tabstract = {"The Cesnola Collection in The Metropolitan Museum of Art is the richest and most varied representation, outside Cyprus, of Cypriot antiquities. These works were purchased by the newly established Museum in the mid-1870s from General Luigi Palma di Cesnola, a Civil War cavalry officer who had amassed the objects while serving as the American consul on Cyprus." "This catalogue is published on the occasion of the opening of the Museum's four permanent galleries for ancient art from Cyprus. It is also the first scholarly publication since 1914 devoted to the Cesnola Collection (which totals approximately six thousand objects). The volume features some five hundred pieces from the collection, illustrated in new color photography. Dating from about 2500 B.C. to about A.D. 300, these works rank among the finest examples of Cypriot art from the prehistoric, Geometric, Archaic, Classical, Hellenistic, and Roman periods. Among the objects are monumental sculpture; weapons, tools, and domestic utensils; vases, lamps, and ritual paraphernalia; dedicatory figurines; engraved sealstones and jewelry; and luxury objects."--BOOK JACKET.Title Summary field provided by Blackwell North America, Inc. All Rights Reserved},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tpublisher = {Metropolitan Museum of Art},\n\tauthor = {York, N. Y. ) Metropolitan Museum of Art (New and N.Y.), Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York and Karageorghis, Vassos and Mertens, Joan R. and Collection, N. Y. ) Cesnola, Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York and Rose, Marice E.},\n\tyear = {2000},\n\tnote = {Google-Books-ID: 5UqrBKO7XCMC},\n\tkeywords = {Ancient Art, Cesnola, Collection, Cyprus},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Resolution 1160 (1998). Adopted by the security council at its 3868th meeting, on 31 March 1998.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n UNSCR\n\n\n \n\n\n\n The International Journal of Human Rights, 4(3-4): 341–344. September 2000.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Resolution$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{unscr_resolution_2000,\n\ttitle = {Resolution 1160 (1998). {Adopted} by the security council at its 3868th meeting, on 31 {March} 1998},\n\tvolume = {4},\n\tissn = {1364-2987, 1744-053X},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13642980008406912},\n\tdoi = {10.1080/13642980008406912},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {3-4},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {The International Journal of Human Rights},\n\tauthor = {UNSCR},\n\tmonth = sep,\n\tyear = {2000},\n\tpages = {341--344},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n\n\n\n

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\n \n 1999\n \n \n (2)\n \n \n

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\n \n \n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The nation, the élite and the Southeast Asian antiquities trade: With special reference to Thailand.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Byrne, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites, 3(3): 145–153. January 1999.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{byrne_nation_1999,\n\ttitle = {The nation, the élite and the {Southeast} {Asian} antiquities trade: {With} special reference to {Thailand}},\n\tvolume = {3},\n\tissn = {1350-5033},\n\tshorttitle = {The nation, the élite and the {Southeast} {Asian} antiquities trade},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1179/135050399793138608},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/135050399793138608},\n\tabstract = {The dealings that the Thai nation state has had with archaeological sites and antiquities appear to fit at least as well within the framework of antiquarian collecting as within that of modern archaeology. It is argued that this reflects the potential that sites and antiquities have to function as cultural capital. Citing Pierre Bourdieu, it is proposed that there is a commonality of interests between the state and the many private collectors among the Thai elite and that this derives partly from the emphasis that is placed on the display or performative potential of sites and antiquities. An appreciation of how antiquities function as cultural capital is surely a prerequisite for any successful effort to counter the looting of sites and the illegal trade in antiquities. ‘There is an economy of cultural goods, but it has a specific logic.’[1]},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites},\n\tauthor = {Byrne, Denis},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1999},\n\tkeywords = {Southeast Asia, Thailand, antiquities trade},\n\tpages = {145--153},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Statistics, damned statistics, and the antiquities trade.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Brodie, N.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Antiquity, 73(280): 447–451. June 1999.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Statistics,$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{brodie_statistics_1999,\n\ttitle = {Statistics, damned statistics, and the antiquities trade},\n\tvolume = {73},\n\tissn = {0003-598X, 1745-1744},\n\turl = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/antiquity/article/statistics-damned-statistics-and-the-antiquities-trade/BED67B0B030DFA7FB091BF3EEDE0AE3E},\n\tdoi = {10.1017/S0003598X00088402},\n\tabstract = {The antiquities trade is a rather shady business — and few facts are available. Here Neil Brodie of the Illicit Antiquities Research Centre at Cambridge reviews the facts and figures of the British trade in such goods.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {280},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {Antiquity},\n\tauthor = {Brodie, Neil},\n\tmonth = jun,\n\tyear = {1999},\n\tkeywords = {United Kingdom, antiquities trade, art works, exports, licences},\n\tpages = {447--451},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n 1998\n \n \n (3)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Art treasures and war: a study on the restitution of looted cultural property, pursuant to public international law.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Kowalski, W.; and Schadla-Hall, R. T.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Institute of Art and Law, London, 1998.\n OCLC: ocm39944944\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@book{kowalski_art_1998,\n\taddress = {London},\n\ttitle = {Art treasures and war: a study on the restitution of looted cultural property, pursuant to public international law},\n\tisbn = {9780953169610},\n\tshorttitle = {Art treasures and war},\n\tabstract = {The objective of the first chapter of this book is to define the meaning of the term ‘restitution’ in international law in contrast with the other terms used in this area. It then considers the opinions of various lawyers and academics, and the development of rules of international law relating to the return of cultural goods, alongside a study of the development of the practice of restitution. In the light of this general discussion, specific issues receive more detailed treatment, in particular the regulations of Allied Restitution Law, which came into force in various forms and situations after the Second World War. The book concludes with a summary of the historical evolution of the legal model of restitution.\n\nThe Appendix contains a wealth of material, including the Regulation concerning confiscation of works of art in German-occupied Poland; the Inter-Allied Declaration against Acts of Dispossession; the Final Act and Annex of the Paris Conference on Reparations; Law No. 52: Blocking and Control of Property, British Zone; General Order No. 6: Declaration of Looted Property in British Zone; Law No. 59: Restitution of Identifiable Property (US Zone); Military Government Regulations, Title 18: Monuments, Fine Arts and Archives, US Zone.},\n\tpublisher = {Institute of Art and Law},\n\tauthor = {Kowalski, Wojciech and Schadla-Hall, R. T.},\n\tcollaborator = {{Institute of Art and Law (Great Britain)}},\n\tyear = {1998},\n\tnote = {OCLC: ocm39944944},\n\tkeywords = {Art thefts, Art treasures in war, Cultural property, Destruction and pillage, Protection (International law), Restitution, World War, 1939-1945},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Cutting Up Manuscripts for Pleasure and Profit: The 1995 Sol M. Malkin Lecture in Bibliography.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n De Hamel, C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Book Arts Press, 1998.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@book{de_hamel_cutting_1998,\n\ttitle = {Cutting {Up} {Manuscripts} for {Pleasure} and {Profit}: {The} 1995 {Sol} {M}. {Malkin} {Lecture} in {Bibliography}},\n\tpublisher = {Book Arts Press},\n\tauthor = {De Hamel, Christopher},\n\tyear = {1998},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Archaeological site conservation and management An appraisal of recent trends.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Matero, F.; Fong, K. L.; Bono, E. D.; Goodman, M.; Kopelson, E.; McVey, L.; Sloop, J.; and Turton, C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites, 2(3): 129–142. April 1998.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Archaeological$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{matero_archaeological_1998,\n\ttitle = {Archaeological site conservation and management {An} appraisal of recent trends},\n\tvolume = {2},\n\tissn = {1350-5033, 1753-5522},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/cma.1998.2.3.129},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/cma.1998.2.3.129},\n\tabstract = {There is an increasing awareness and interest in the issues of archaeological site conservation and management. The acknowledgement of these issues has encouraged greater collaboration between the allied professions of archaeology and heritage conservation. From this is evolving a new body of literature and practice. This paper offers an assessment of the field through a literature review of the past 25 years. The investigation reveals a lack of commonly agreed upon standards, principles and practices and the need for active cooperation between the related disciplines and local communities. It traces the development of the field from isolated material and object studies to recent interdisciplinary conferences. What emerges is a new focus on the archaeological site, as those involved in its protection expand conservation from object or material to an integrative practice of concomitant concerns. A selected bibliography is included.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites},\n\tauthor = {Matero, Frank and Fong, Kecia L. and Bono, Elisa Del and Goodman, Mark and Kopelson, Evan and McVey, Lorraine and Sloop, Jessica and Turton, Catherine},\n\tmonth = apr,\n\tyear = {1998},\n\tpages = {129--142},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n

\n \n 1997\n \n \n (1)\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Conservation and the Antiquities Trade.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Sease, C.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of the American Institute for Conservation, 36(1): 49–58. January 1997.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Conservation$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{sease_conservation_1997,\n\ttitle = {Conservation and the {Antiquities} {Trade}},\n\tvolume = {36},\n\tissn = {0197-1360},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1179/019713697806113639},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/019713697806113639},\n\tabstract = {Experience as an expert witness in a case involving some looted Byzantine mosaics from Cyprus led the author to examine the role of conservation in the antiquities trade. To understand the significance of looting, the author discusses the concept of archaeological context and how looting robs artifacts of their context, thus severely compromising their scientific value. Conservators may, through treatment and analysis of artifacts on the market, unwittingly contribute to that loss of information. The author presents some of the complex ethical issues involved in the treatment of archaeological material, including the proper understanding of the consequences of those treatments, in the hopes that the topic will be opened up for discussion.},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of the American Institute for Conservation},\n\tauthor = {Sease, Catherine},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1997},\n\tpages = {49--58},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n

\n \n 1996\n \n \n (1)\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The conservation treatment of looted antiquities and the responsibilities of conservators.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Jaeschke, H. F.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Studies in Conservation, 41(sup1): 82–85. January 1996.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{jaeschke_conservation_1996,\n\ttitle = {The conservation treatment of looted antiquities and the responsibilities of conservators},\n\tvolume = {41},\n\tissn = {0039-3630},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1179/sic.1996.41.Supplement-1.82},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/sic.1996.41.Supplement-1.82},\n\tabstract = {Recent cases have highlighted the increase in the trade in illicitly obtained antiquities. What has been less well publicised is the role played by conservators. Conservators may unwittingly contribute to the loss of vital evidence concerning the origin and recent history of an object. Some guidelines for conservators are suggested to enable them to protect themselves and the archaeological heritage. A list of further reading and some useful addresses are provided.},\n\tnumber = {sup1},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Studies in Conservation},\n\tauthor = {Jaeschke, Helena F.},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1996},\n\tpages = {82--85},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n

\n \n 1994\n \n \n (1)\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Application of international rules on the protection of cultural properties in the war in Croatia.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Gasparovie, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Kemija u industriji/Journal of Chemists and Chemical Engineers, 43(3): undefined–undefined. 1994.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Application$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{gasparovie_application_1994,\n\ttitle = {Application of international rules on the protection of cultural properties in the war in {Croatia}},\n\tvolume = {43},\n\tissn = {00229830},\n\turl = {https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/6d1011ff-28b9-3bc5-8628-175c85ac3a27/},\n\tabstract = {(1994) Gasparovie. Kemija u industriji/Journal of Chemists and Chemical Engineers. A short historical review of war and legal protection of protection of particular religious sites. International a...},\n\tlanguage = {en-GB},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {Kemija u industriji/Journal of Chemists and Chemical Engineers},\n\tauthor = {Gasparovie, M.},\n\tyear = {1994},\n\tpages = {undefined--undefined},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n

\n \n 1993\n \n \n (1)\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n St. Lawrence Island’s Subsistence Diggers: A New Perspective on Human Effects on Archaeological Sites.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Staley, D. P.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 20(3): 347–355. January 1993.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"St.$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{staley_st_1993,\n\ttitle = {St. {Lawrence} {Island}’s {Subsistence} {Diggers}: {A} {New} {Perspective} on {Human} {Effects} on {Archaeological} {Sites}},\n\tvolume = {20},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\tshorttitle = {St. {Lawrence} {Island}’s {Subsistence} {Diggers}},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/jfa.1993.20.3.347},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/jfa.1993.20.3.347},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Staley, David P.},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1993},\n\tpages = {347--355},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n

\n \n 1991\n \n \n (4)\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Popular Archaeology and the Antiquities Market: A Review Essay.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Elia, R. J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 18(1): 95–103. January 1991.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Popular$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{elia_popular_1991,\n\ttitle = {Popular {Archaeology} and the {Antiquities} {Market}: {A} {Review} {Essay}},\n\tvolume = {18},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\tshorttitle = {Popular {Archaeology} and the {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346991791548771},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346991791548771},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Elia, Ricardo J.},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1991},\n\tpages = {95--103},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n And the Loot Goes On: Winning Some Battles, But Not the War.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Pendergast, D. M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 18(1): 89–95. January 1991.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"And$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{pendergast_and_1991,\n\ttitle = {And the {Loot} {Goes} {On}: {Winning} {Some} {Battles}, {But} {Not} the {War}},\n\tvolume = {18},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\tshorttitle = {And the {Loot} {Goes} {On}},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346991791548717},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346991791548717},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Pendergast, David M.},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1991},\n\tpages = {89--95},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Thieves of Time and Their Accomplices.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Kaiser, T.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 18(1): 87–89. January 1991.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{kaiser_thieves_1991,\n\ttitle = {The {Thieves} of {Time} and {Their} {Accomplices}},\n\tvolume = {18},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346991791548726},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346991791548726},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Kaiser, Timothy},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1991},\n\tkeywords = {looters, looting, theft},\n\tpages = {87--89},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Western hegemony in archaeological heritage management.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Byrne, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n History and Anthropology, 5(2): 269–276. January 1991.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Western$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{byrne_western_1991,\n\ttitle = {Western hegemony in archaeological heritage management},\n\tvolume = {5},\n\tissn = {0275-7206},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1080/02757206.1991.9960815},\n\tdoi = {10.1080/02757206.1991.9960815},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n\tjournal = {History and Anthropology},\n\tauthor = {Byrne, Denis},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1991},\n\tpages = {269--276},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n

\n \n 1990\n \n \n (1)\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Dealing for Dollars.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Kaiser, T.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 17(2): 205–210. January 1990.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Dealing$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{kaiser_dealing_1990,\n\ttitle = {Dealing for {Dollars}},\n\tvolume = {17},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346990791548277},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346990791548277},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Kaiser, Timothy},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1990},\n\tpages = {205--210},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n

\n \n 1987\n \n \n (1)\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n News and Commentary on the Illicit Traffic in Antiquities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Herscher, E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 14(2): 213–223. January 1987.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"News$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{herscher_news_1987,\n\ttitle = {News and {Commentary} on the {Illicit} {Traffic} in {Antiquities}},\n\tvolume = {14},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346987792208475},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346987792208475},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Herscher, Ellen},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1987},\n\tpages = {213--223},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n

\n \n 1986\n \n \n (1)\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market: News and Commentary on the Illicit Traffic in Antiquities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Herscher, E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 13(3): 329–338. January 1986.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{herscher_antiquities_1986,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}: {News} and {Commentary} on the {Illicit} {Traffic} in {Antiquities}},\n\tvolume = {13},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\tshorttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/jfa.1986.13.3.329},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/jfa.1986.13.3.329},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Herscher, Ellen},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1986},\n\tpages = {329--338},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n

\n \n 1985\n \n \n (2)\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n News and Commentary on the Illicit Traffic in Antiquities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Herscher, E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 12(1): 107–116. January 1985.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"News$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{herscher_news_1985,\n\ttitle = {News and {Commentary} on the {Illicit} {Traffic} in {Antiquities}},\n\tvolume = {12},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346985791169553},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346985791169553},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Herscher, Ellen},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1985},\n\tpages = {107--116},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n News and Commentary on the Illicit Traffic in Antiquities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Herscher, E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 12(4): 469–481. January 1985.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"News$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{herscher_news_1985,\n\ttitle = {News and {Commentary} on the {Illicit} {Traffic} in {Antiquities}},\n\tvolume = {12},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/jfa.1985.12.4.469},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/jfa.1985.12.4.469},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Herscher, Ellen},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1985},\n\tpages = {469--481},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n

\n \n 1984\n \n \n (6)\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market: News and Commentary on the Illicit Traffic in Antiquities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Herscher, E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 11(3): 331–340. January 1984.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{herscher_antiquities_1984,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}: {News} and {Commentary} on the {Illicit} {Traffic} in {Antiquities}},\n\tvolume = {11},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\tshorttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346984791535430},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346984791535430},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Herscher, Ellen},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1984},\n\tpages = {331--340},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market: News and Commentary on the Illicit Traffic in Antiquities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Herscher, E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 11(2): 223–230. January 1984.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{herscher_antiquities_1984,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}: {News} and {Commentary} on the {Illicit} {Traffic} in {Antiquities}},\n\tvolume = {11},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\tshorttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/jfa.1984.11.2.223},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/jfa.1984.11.2.223},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Herscher, Ellen},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1984},\n\tpages = {223--230},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market: News and Commentary on the Illicit Traffic in Antiquities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Herscher, E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 11(1): 79–96. January 1984.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{herscher_antiquities_1984,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}: {News} and {Commentary} on the {Illicit} {Traffic} in {Antiquities}},\n\tvolume = {11},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\tshorttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/jfa.1984.11.1.79},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/jfa.1984.11.1.79},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Herscher, Ellen},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1984},\n\tpages = {79--96},\n}\n\n\n\n

\n

\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market: News and Commentary on the Illicit Traffic in Antiquities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Herscher, E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 11(4): 421–430. January 1984.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{herscher_antiquities_1984,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}: {News} and {Commentary} on the {Illicit} {Traffic} in {Antiquities}},\n\tvolume = {11},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\tshorttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/jfa.1984.11.4.421},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/jfa.1984.11.4.421},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Herscher, Ellen},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1984},\n\tpages = {421--430},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n The J. Paul Getty Museum Journal: Volume 12, 1984.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Museum, T. J. P. G.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Getty Publications, January 1984.\n Google-Books-ID: U28mAgAAQBAJ\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@book{museum_j_1984,\n\ttitle = {The {J}. {Paul} {Getty} {Museum} {Journal}: {Volume} 12, 1984},\n\tisbn = {9780892360796},\n\tshorttitle = {The {J}. {Paul} {Getty} {Museum} {Journal}},\n\tabstract = {The J. Paul Getty Museum Journal 12 is a compendium of articles and\nnotes pertaining to the Museum's permanent collections of antiquities and\ndecorative arts. This volume includes a supplement introduced by John Walsh\nwith a fully illustrated checklist of the Getty’s recent acquisitions. Volume 12 includes\narticles written by Pat\nGetz-Preziosi, Brunilde Sismondo Ridgway, Guntram Koch, Jiří Frel, Reynold\nHiggins, Alain Pasquier, Birgitta Lindros Wohl, Mario A. Del Chiaro, David Ball,\nFrank Bommer, Hille Kunckel, Anna Manzoni Macdonnell, Georges Daux, Stanley M.\nBurstein, Jaan Puhvel, Marit Jentoft-Nilsen, Gillian Wilson, Adrian Sassoon, and\nCharissa Bremer-David.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tpublisher = {Getty Publications},\n\tauthor = {Museum, The J. Paul Getty},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1984},\n\tnote = {Google-Books-ID: U28mAgAAQBAJ},\n\tkeywords = {Ancient Art, Getty, collection, museum},\n}\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Scholarship and Provenience in the Study of Artifacts.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Wiseman, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 11(1): 67–77. January 1984.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Scholarship$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{wiseman_scholarship_1984,\n\ttitle = {Scholarship and {Provenience} in the {Study} of {Artifacts}},\n\tvolume = {11},\n\tissn = {0093-4690},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1179/jfa.1984.11.1.67},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/jfa.1984.11.1.67},\n\tabstract = {A number of scholarly and ethical problems involved in the study and publication of ancient artifacts are discussed in this essay. The scholarly peril of basing historical or cultural interpretations on artifacts of uncertain or unknown provenience is illustrated by examples from recent scholarship, and the limitations of an artifact's capacity to communicate independently of its cultural context are assessed. The relationship between the antiquities market and scholarship is discussed in historical context, and the evolution over the past generation of related ethical and scholarly standards is considered.},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Wiseman, James},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1984},\n\tpages = {67--77},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n 1983\n \n \n (4)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market: News and Commentary on the Illicit Traffic in Antiquities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Herscher, E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 10(4): 481–490. January 1983.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{herscher_antiquities_1983,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}: {News} and {Commentary} on the {Illicit} {Traffic} in {Antiquities}},\n\tvolume = {10},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\tshorttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346983791504192},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346983791504192},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Herscher, Ellen},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1983},\n\tpages = {481--490},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market: News and Commentary on the Illicit Traffic in Antiquities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Herscher, E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 10(3): 349–369. January 1983.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{herscher_antiquities_1983,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}: {News} and {Commentary} on the {Illicit} {Traffic} in {Antiquities}},\n\tvolume = {10},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\tshorttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346983791504327},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346983791504327},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Herscher, Ellen},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1983},\n\tpages = {349--369},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market: News and Commentary on the Illicit Traffic in Antiquities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Vitelli, K. D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 10(1): 101–115. January 1983.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{vitelli_antiquities_1983,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}: {News} and {Commentary} on the {Illicit} {Traffic} in {Antiquities}},\n\tvolume = {10},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\tshorttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346983791504417},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346983791504417},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Vitelli, Karen D.},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1983},\n\tpages = {101--115},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n News and Commentary on the Illicit Traffic in Antiquities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Vitelli, K. D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 10(2): 213–228. January 1983.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"News$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{vitelli_news_1983,\n\ttitle = {News and {Commentary} on the {Illicit} {Traffic} in {Antiquities}},\n\tvolume = {10},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346983792208523},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346983792208523},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Vitelli, Karen D.},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1983},\n\tpages = {213--228},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n\n\n\n

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\n \n 1982\n \n \n (4)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market: News and Commentary on the Illicit Traffic in Antiquities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Vitelli, K. D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 9(3): 383–388. January 1982.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{vitelli_antiquities_1982,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}: {News} and {Commentary} on the {Illicit} {Traffic} in {Antiquities}},\n\tvolume = {9},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\tshorttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346982791504625},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346982791504625},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Vitelli, Karen D.},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1982},\n\tpages = {383--388},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market: News and Commentary on the Illicit Traffic in Antiquities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Vitelli, K. D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 9(4): 513–532. January 1982.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{vitelli_antiquities_1982,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}: {News} and {Commentary} on the {Illicit} {Traffic} in {Antiquities}},\n\tvolume = {9},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\tshorttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346982791504472},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346982791504472},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Vitelli, Karen D.},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1982},\n\tpages = {513--532},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n News and Commentary on the Illicit Traffic in Antiquities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Vitelli, K. D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 9(1): 119–125. January 1982.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"News$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{vitelli_news_1982,\n\ttitle = {News and {Commentary} on the {Illicit} {Traffic} in {Antiquities}},\n\tvolume = {9},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346982791974732},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346982791974732},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Vitelli, Karen D.},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1982},\n\tpages = {119--125},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market: News and Commentary on the Illicit Traffic in Antiquities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Vitelli, K. D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 9(2): 273–278. January 1982.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{vitelli_antiquities_1982,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}: {News} and {Commentary} on the {Illicit} {Traffic} in {Antiquities}},\n\tvolume = {9},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\tshorttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346982791504724},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346982791504724},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Vitelli, Karen D.},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1982},\n\tpages = {273--278},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n\n\n\n

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\n \n 1981\n \n \n (6)\n \n \n

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\n \n \n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market: News and Commentary on the Illicit Traffic in Antiquities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Vitelli, K. D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 8(4): 497–504. January 1981.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{vitelli_antiquities_1981,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}: {News} and {Commentary} on the {Illicit} {Traffic} in {Antiquities}},\n\tvolume = {8},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\tshorttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346981791504842},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346981791504842},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Vitelli, Karen D.},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1981},\n\tpages = {497--504},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market: News and Commentary on the Illicit Traffic in Antiquities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Vitelli, K. D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 8(1): 85–93. January 1981.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{vitelli_antiquities_1981,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}: {News} and {Commentary} on the {Illicit} {Traffic} in {Antiquities}},\n\tvolume = {8},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\tshorttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346981791505229},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346981791505229},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Vitelli, Karen D.},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1981},\n\tpages = {85--93},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market: News and Commentary on the Illicit Traffic in Antiquities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Vitelli, K. D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 8(3): 361–362. January 1981.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{vitelli_antiquities_1981,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}: {News} and {Commentary} on the {Illicit} {Traffic} in {Antiquities}},\n\tvolume = {8},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\tshorttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346981791504932},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346981791504932},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Vitelli, Karen D.},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1981},\n\tpages = {361--362},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market: The Cultural Property Implementation Act: Gearing Up for the Next Round.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Vitelli, K. D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 8(2): 229–230. January 1981.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{vitelli_antiquities_1981,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}: {The} {Cultural} {Property} {Implementation} {Act}: {Gearing} {Up} for the {Next} {Round}},\n\tvolume = {8},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\tshorttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346981791505021},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346981791505021},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Vitelli, Karen D.},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1981},\n\tpages = {229--230},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Surkh Dum at The Metropolitan Museum of Art: a Mini-Report.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Muscarella, O. W.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 8(3): 327–359. January 1981.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Surkh$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{muscarella_surkh_1981,\n\ttitle = {Surkh {Dum} at {The} {Metropolitan} {Museum} of {Art}: a {Mini}-{Report}},\n\tvolume = {8},\n\tissn = {0093-4690},\n\tshorttitle = {Surkh {Dum} at {The} {Metropolitan} {Museum} of {Art}},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1179/009346981791504987},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346981791504987},\n\tabstract = {In 1938 Erich Schmidt, taking time out from his major work at Persepolis, excavated for three weeks the site of Surkh Dum in eastern Luristan, in western Iran. Although very little has been published on the finds and architecture, aside from two brief and summary reports by Schmidt and Maurits van Loon, Surkh Dum is recognized by Iranian archaeologists to be one of the most important sites in Luristan, and in Iran in general. Not only was Surkh Dum a settlement site, rather than a cemetery—which is the typical circumstance in the archaeological history of Luristan—but many hundreds of objects of bronze, ivory, bone, faience, and terracotta, as well as about 200 cylinder and stamp seals, were recovered. To date, only seven of the objects have been published, and nothing has been published about the two buildings partially uncovered. In 1943 The Metropolitan Museum of Art acquired 41 objects excavated at Surkh Dum, only five of which had previously been published. Because of the importance of the material for modern knowledge of the art and archaeology of Luristan, an area plundered since the late 1920s, and the source of countless thousands of unexcavated objects, the presentation of even a small group of excavated artifacts from Luristan is considered to be of great value. The present paper offers a history of our present knowledge of the site, a tentative discussion of its chronology, and a catalogue discussion of the Surkh Dum material in The Metropolitan Museum of Art.},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Muscarella, Oscar White},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1981},\n\tkeywords = {Luristan},\n\tpages = {327--359},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Preservation and Rescue: Challenges and Controversies in the Protection of Archaeological Resources.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n King, T. F.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 8(1): 95–104. January 1981.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Preservation$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{king_preservation_1981,\n\ttitle = {Preservation and {Rescue}: {Challenges} and {Controversies} in the {Protection} of {Archaeological} {Resources}},\n\tvolume = {8},\n\tissn = {0093-4690},\n\tshorttitle = {Preservation and {Rescue}},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1179/009346981791505210},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346981791505210},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {King, Thomas F.},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1981},\n\tpages = {95--104},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n 1980\n \n \n (4)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market: News and Commentary on the Illicit Traffic in Antiquities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Vitelli, K. D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 7(3): 381–388. January 1980.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{vitelli_antiquities_1980,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}: {News} and {Commentary} on the {Illicit} {Traffic} in {Antiquities}},\n\tvolume = {7},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\tshorttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346980791505419},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346980791505419},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Vitelli, Karen D.},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1980},\n\tpages = {381--388},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market: News and Commentary on the Illicit Traffic in Antiquities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Vitelli, K. D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 7(1): 121–124. January 1980.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{vitelli_antiquities_1980,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}: {News} and {Commentary} on the {Illicit} {Traffic} in {Antiquities}},\n\tvolume = {7},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\tshorttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346980791505563},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346980791505563},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Vitelli, Karen D.},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1980},\n\tpages = {121--124},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market: News and Commentary on the Illicit Traffic in Antiquities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Vitelli, K. D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 7(4): 443–460. January 1980.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{vitelli_antiquities_1980,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}: {News} and {Commentary} on the {Illicit} {Traffic} in {Antiquities}},\n\tvolume = {7},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\tshorttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346980791505266},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346980791505266},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Vitelli, Karen D.},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1980},\n\tpages = {443--460},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market: News and Commentary on the Illicit Traffic in Antiquities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Vitelli, K. D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 7(2): 241–244. January 1980.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{vitelli_antiquities_1980,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}: {News} and {Commentary} on the {Illicit} {Traffic} in {Antiquities}},\n\tvolume = {7},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\tshorttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346980791505482},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346980791505482},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Vitelli, Karen D.},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1980},\n\tpages = {241--244},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n 1979\n \n \n (4)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n News and Commentary on the Illicit Traffic in Antiquities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Vitelli, K. D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 6(1): 75–84. January 1979.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"News$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{vitelli_news_1979,\n\ttitle = {News and {Commentary} on the {Illicit} {Traffic} in {Antiquities}},\n\tvolume = {6},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346979791489474},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346979791489474},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Vitelli, Karen D.},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1979},\n\tpages = {75--84},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Antiquities Enforcement in Colorado.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Rippeteau, B. E.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 6(1): 85–107. January 1979.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Antiquities$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{rippeteau_antiquities_1979,\n\ttitle = {Antiquities {Enforcement} in {Colorado}},\n\tvolume = {6},\n\tissn = {0093-4690},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1179/009346979791489429},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346979791489429},\n\tabstract = {In this article the author discusses: (1) the Anthropology of Antiquities Enforcement with specific attention to classes of antiquities destroyers, to the attitudes of various private, public, and government sectors, to the nature of markets, and to the resistance to antiquities depredations, (2) the Law as the ruler of destroyer-resister interaction, (3) Case Studies of antiquities violations prosecution in and adjacent to Colorado, (4)Programmatic efforts among Private, State, and Federal agencies and museums concerning public education, site data accessibility, appraisals, law, security, and (5) more General Observations on the obsessions of tactical and strategic antiquities enforcement. Evidence presented here shows that antiquities depredations in Colorado are serious, that enforcement of law is difficult but not impossible or unrewarding, and the author also suggests the (6) Future of Antiquities Enforcement.},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Rippeteau, Bruce E.},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1979},\n\tpages = {85--107},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n News and Commentary on the Illicit Traffic in Antiquities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Vitelli, K. D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 6(4): 471–483. January 1979.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"News$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{vitelli_news_1979,\n\ttitle = {News and {Commentary} on the {Illicit} {Traffic} in {Antiquities}},\n\tvolume = {6},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346979791489032},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346979791489032},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Vitelli, Karen D.},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1979},\n\tpages = {471--483},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Challenges and Controversies in the Protection of Archaeological Resources.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n King, T. F.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 6(3): 351–366. January 1979.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Challenges$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{king_challenges_1979,\n\ttitle = {Challenges and {Controversies} in the {Protection} of {Archaeological} {Resources}},\n\tvolume = {6},\n\tissn = {0093-4690},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1179/009346979791489041},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346979791489041},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {King, Thomas F.},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1979},\n\tpages = {351--366},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n 1978\n \n \n (3)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Antiquities Market.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Vitelli, K. D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 5(1): 97–100. January 1978.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Antiquities$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{vitelli_antiquities_1978,\n\ttitle = {Antiquities {Market}},\n\tvolume = {5},\n\tissn = {0093-4690},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1179/009346978791490040},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346978791490040},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Vitelli, Karen D.},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1978},\n\tpages = {97--100},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n

\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Theft from Peabody Museum.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Vitelli, K. D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 5(4): 479–479. January 1978.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Theft$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{vitelli_theft_1978,\n\ttitle = {Theft from {Peabody} {Museum}},\n\tvolume = {5},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346978791489529},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346978791489529},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Vitelli, Karen D.},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1978},\n\tkeywords = {Peabody Museum, musuem, theft},\n\tpages = {479--479},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Vitelli, K. D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 5(2): 227–236. January 1978.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{vitelli_antiquities_1978,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\tvolume = {5},\n\tissn = {0093-4690},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1179/009346978791489817},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346978791489817},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Vitelli, Karen D.},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1978},\n\tpages = {227--236},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n 1977\n \n \n (5)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Vitelli, K. D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 4(3): 363–363. January 1977.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{vitelli_antiquities_1977,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\tvolume = {4},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346977791490186},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346977791490186},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Vitelli, Karen D.},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1977},\n\tpages = {363--363},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Vitelli, K. D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 4(1): 107–123. January 1977.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

\n

@article{vitelli_antiquities_1977,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\tvolume = {4},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346977791490375},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346977791490375},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Vitelli, Karen D.},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1977},\n\tpages = {107--123},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 4(2): 247–247. January 1977.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{noauthor_antiquities_1977,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\tvolume = {4},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/jfa.1977.4.2.247},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/jfa.1977.4.2.247},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1977},\n\tpages = {247--247},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Vitelli, K. D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 4(4): 459–472. January 1977.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{vitelli_antiquities_1977,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\tvolume = {4},\n\tissn = {0093-4690},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1179/009346977791490168},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346977791490168},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Vitelli, Karen D.},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1977},\n\tpages = {459--472},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Preservation and Rescue.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n King, T. F.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 4(4): 473–484. January 1977.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Preservation$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{king_preservation_1977,\n\ttitle = {Preservation and {Rescue}},\n\tvolume = {4},\n\tissn = {0093-4690},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1179/009346977791490140},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346977791490140},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {King, Thomas F.},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1977},\n\tpages = {473--484},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n 1976\n \n \n (3)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market: News and Commentary on the Illicit Traffic in Antiquities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Vitelli, K. D\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 3(2): 209–226. January 1976.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{vitelli_antiquities_1976,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}: {News} and {Commentary} on the {Illicit} {Traffic} in {Antiquities}},\n\tvolume = {3},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\tshorttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346976791490754},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346976791490754},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Vitelli, Karen D},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1976},\n\tpages = {209--226},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n News and Commentary on the Illicit Traffic in Antiquities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Vitelli, K. D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 3(1): 111–114. January 1976.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"News$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{vitelli_news_1976,\n\ttitle = {News and {Commentary} on the {Illicit} {Traffic} in {Antiquities}},\n\tvolume = {3},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346976791547977},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346976791547977},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {Vitelli, Karen D.},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1976},\n\tpages = {111--114},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 3(3): 335–340. January 1976.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{noauthor_antiquities_1976,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\tvolume = {3},\n\tissn = {0093-4690},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1179/009346976791490664},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346976791490664},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1976},\n\tpages = {335--340},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n 1975\n \n \n (2)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n News and Commentary on the Illicit Traffic in Antiquities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 2(1-2): 179–180. January 1975.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"News$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{noauthor_news_1975,\n\ttitle = {News and {Commentary} on the {Illicit} {Traffic} in {Antiquities}},\n\tvolume = {2},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346975791491259},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346975791491259},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {1-2},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1975},\n\tpages = {179--180},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n News and Commentary on the Illicit Traffic in Antiquities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 2(3): 267–270. January 1975.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"News$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{noauthor_news_1975,\n\ttitle = {News and {Commentary} on the {Illicit} {Traffic} in {Antiquities}},\n\tvolume = {2},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346975791490971},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346975791490971},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1975},\n\tpages = {267--270},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n 1974\n \n \n (2)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n , s.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 1(3-4): 390–395. January 1974.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{noauthor_antiquities_1974,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\tvolume = {1},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/009346974791491511},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/009346974791491511},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {3-4},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tauthor = {, surname},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1974},\n\tpages = {390--395},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Antiquities Market: News and Commentary on the Illicit Traffic in Antiquities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n\n\n Journal of Field Archaeology, 1(1-2): 215–224. January 1974.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"The$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{noauthor_antiquities_1974,\n\ttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}: {News} and {Commentary} on the {Illicit} {Traffic} in {Antiquities}},\n\tvolume = {1},\n\tissn = {0093-4690, 2042-4582},\n\tshorttitle = {The {Antiquities} {Market}},\n\turl = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/jfa.1974.1.1-2.215},\n\tdoi = {10.1179/jfa.1974.1.1-2.215},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {1-2},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {1974},\n\tpages = {215--224},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n 1973\n \n \n (1)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Field Museum Policy Concerning Acquisition of Antiquities.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Collier, D.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Current Anthropology, 14(4): 514–514. October 1973.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Field$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{collier_field_1973,\n\ttitle = {Field {Museum} {Policy} {Concerning} {Acquisition} of {Antiquities}},\n\tvolume = {14},\n\tissn = {0011-3204, 1537-5382},\n\turl = {https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/201372},\n\tdoi = {10.1086/201372},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {4},\n\turldate = {2019-11-27},\n\tjournal = {Current Anthropology},\n\tauthor = {Collier, Donald},\n\tmonth = oct,\n\tyear = {1973},\n\tpages = {514--514},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n 1949\n \n \n (1)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Present Problems of Museums.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Loehr, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Museum International, 2(2): 36–39. June 1949.\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Present$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{loehr_present_1949,\n\ttitle = {Present {Problems} of {Museums}},\n\tvolume = {2},\n\tissn = {1350-0775},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0033.1949.tb01386.x},\n\tdoi = {10.1111/j.1468-0033.1949.tb01386.x},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2020-03-25},\n\tjournal = {Museum International},\n\tauthor = {Loehr, August},\n\tmonth = jun,\n\tyear = {1949},\n\tpages = {36--39},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n undefined\n \n \n (12)\n \n \n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n .\n \n \n \n\n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n\n\n . .\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n 9 downloads\n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n US Cultural Diplomacy and Archaeology.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Temiño, I. R.; Greenberg, R.; Vila, X. A.; Rocks-MacQueen, D.; and Sánchez, J. A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n ,36. .\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{temino_us_nodate,\n\ttitle = {{US} {Cultural} {Diplomacy} and {Archaeology}},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tauthor = {Temiño, Ignacio Rodríguez and Greenberg, Rafael and Vila, Xurxo Ayán and Rocks-MacQueen, Doug and Sánchez, Jaime Almansa},\n\tkeywords = {US, archaeology, cultural diplomacy},\n\tpages = {36},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Virtually gone! The Internet market in antiquities.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Brodie, N.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n In Proceedings of the 6th International Conference of Experts on the Return of Cultural Property., pages p.190–204. .\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@incollection{brodie_virtually_nodate,\n\ttitle = {Virtually gone! {The} {Internet} market in antiquities},\n\tlanguage = {English},\n\tbooktitle = {Proceedings of the 6th {International} {Conference} of {Experts} on the {Return} of {Cultural} {Property}.},\n\tauthor = {Brodie, Neil},\n\tkeywords = {illicit antiquities trade, internet market},\n\tpages = {p.190--204},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Provenance Guide.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n for Art Research, I. I. F.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@misc{ifar_international_foundation_for_art_research_provenance_nodate,\n\ttitle = {Provenance {Guide}},\n\tlanguage = {English},\n\tauthor = {IFAR International Foundation for Art Research},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Photogrammetry is the New Archaeological Photography: 3D Modeling at Abydos.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Photogrammetry$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@misc{noauthor_photogrammetry_nodate,\n\ttitle = {Photogrammetry is the {New} {Archaeological} {Photography}: {3D} {Modeling} at {Abydos}},\n\tshorttitle = {Photogrammetry is the {New} {Archaeological} {Photography}},\n\turl = {https://abydos.org/blog/2019/3/13/photogrammetry-is-the-new-archaeological-photography-3d-modeling-at-abydos},\n\tabstract = {Excavation is at the heart of all archaeology — it is how we see into the past. But any excavation is only as good as the body of knowledge and understanding it supports through documentation, conservation, outreach, and publication. Read on to see how advanced technologies like 3D modeling are addi},\n\tlanguage = {en-US},\n\turldate = {2019-12-19},\n\tjournal = {Abydos Archaeology},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Photogrammetry and Archaeology: An integrated case study in the Archaeological Site of Philippoi in N. Greece.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Olga, G.; Dimitrios, K.; Georgios, K.; and Petros, P.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n ,14. .\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{olga_photogrammetry_nodate,\n\ttitle = {Photogrammetry and {Archaeology}: {An} integrated case study in the {Archaeological} {Site} of {Philippoi} in {N}. {Greece}.},\n\tabstract = {At the Archaeological site of Phillipoi in Northern Greece excavations are taken place for the past 90 years. During the excavations, a small part of the famous Egnatia route of the Roman period have been uncovered; the city of Phillipoi being an important crossroad of commercial value. This paper presents the contribution of Photogrammetry in revealing the still undiscovered traces of Egnatia route and a part of a fortification wall as well. For this purpose, all available information is processed and cross-evaluated. Current aerial photographs have been used for orthophotomap production at 1:5,000 scale. Additionally, old cadastral maps (1928, 1938, 1940, 1957, 1960) have been used. On these maps the old geomorphology (old streams, old ownership boundaries, etc), which does not exist, is shown. Using the above information, the current images were digitally processed and interpreted. The results are quite revealing, since a buried construction, unknown till now for the archaeologists, 4 still buried parts of Via Egnatia and a part of a fortification wall are clearly shown. On the other hand the photogrammetric process of terrestrial photographs conducted in the production of the 3D model of the theatre of Philippoi.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tauthor = {Olga, Georgoula and Dimitrios, Kaimaris and Georgios, Karadedos and Petros, Patias},\n\tpages = {14},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Detection of Looting Activities at Archaeological Sites in Iraq using Ikonos Imagery.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Lingenfelder, I.; Schreier, G.; and Zevenbergen, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n ,11. .\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{lingenfelder_detection_nodate,\n\ttitle = {Detection of {Looting} {Activities} at {Archaeological} {Sites} in {Iraq} using {Ikonos} {Imagery}},\n\tabstract = {Uruk-Warka, situated c. 300 km south of Baghdad, is one of the oldest metropolises of the ancient world. It was inhabited from around 4000 BC to c. 400 AD and is known as the city where writing was invented, where the oldest known epic, the Epic of Gilgamesh, plays, and where early state formation and administration were developed.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tauthor = {Lingenfelder, Iris and Schreier, Gunter and Zevenbergen, Adrian},\n\tpages = {11},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Illegal trading of cultural property by Isis - the need for deep web monitoring with peacekeeping operations.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Gupta, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n .\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@unpublished{gupta_illegal_nodate,\n\ttitle = {Illegal trading of cultural property by {Isis} - the need for deep web monitoring with peacekeeping operations},\n\tabstract = {An extremist organisation, claiming to represent Muslims worldwide, has taken over Syria, with the consuming aim to establish an Islamist ‘Caliphate’. Called the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (‘ISIS’), the group’s emergence into the international media fora was marked by gruesome video-recorded beheadings of journalists, and massacres such as killing, bombing, pillaging, and looting. This article discusses their targeting of cultural property in the Syrian context specifically. The aspect forming the primary focus here is their organized criminal network, created from illegally trading valuable cultural artefacts and antiquities. The article gives a brief outline of the ISIS ideology, the deplorable situation of cultural heritage in the country, the existing national and international regime, their defects and practical solutions for solving the same. By elaborating upon the existing legislations, measures and their failure to dent the ISIS capital accumulated from online activities, the article brings to light, an unconventional, alternative measure of Deep Web monitoring. In a nutshell, the contention here is that factors, such as the shift in recruitment operations from mainstream web to the Deep Web, the increasing Bitcoin wallet, reports of illicit trade occurring through this channel, point out that the option of Deep Web monitoring deserves attention, especially in a time when strong laws merely exist on paper. Over the course of the article, the author aims at expanding upon these contentions, which will lead one to conclude the importance of preexisting peacekeeping measures and Deep Web monitoring, working in tandem for curbing this menace.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tauthor = {Gupta, Shreyangshi},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n While Elgin Marbles debate rages, there is still a market for looted antiquities.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Mackenzie, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n ,5. .\n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@article{mackenzie_while_nodate,\n\ttitle = {While {Elgin} {Marbles} debate rages, there is still a market for looted antiquities},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tauthor = {Mackenzie, Simon},\n\tkeywords = {Elgin Marbles, antiquities, debate, illicit market, looting, market},\n\tpages = {5},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Civil Society Launches a Campaign to Save the Cultural Heritage of Iraq – Iraqi Civil Society Solidarity Initiative (ICSSI).\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n \n \n $\"Civil$ Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n

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@misc{noauthor_civil_nodate,\n\ttitle = {Civil {Society} {Launches} a {Campaign} to {Save} the {Cultural} {Heritage} of {Iraq} – {Iraqi} {Civil} {Society} {Solidarity} {Initiative} ({ICSSI})},\n\turl = {https://www.iraqicivilsociety.org/archives/4161},\n\tlanguage = {en-US},\n\turldate = {2020-04-03},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n The Use and Application of Photogrammetry for the In-field Documentation of Archaeological Features: Three Case Studies from the Great Plains and Southeastern Alaska.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Chodoronek, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n ,99. .\n \n\n\n\n
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@article{chodoronek_use_nodate,\n\ttitle = {The {Use} and {Application} of {Photogrammetry} for the {In}-field {Documentation} of {Archaeological} {Features}: {Three} {Case} {Studies} from the {Great} {Plains} and {Southeastern} {Alaska}},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tauthor = {Chodoronek, Michael},\n\tkeywords = {case study, photogrammetry},\n\tpages = {99},\n}\n\n\n\n

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\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n The Market Background to the April 2003 Plunder of the Iraq National Museum.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Brodie, N.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n ,15. .\n \n\n\n\n
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@article{brodie_market_nodate,\n\ttitle = {The {Market} {Background} to the {April} 2003 {Plunder} of the {Iraq} {National} {Museum}},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tauthor = {Brodie, Neil},\n\tkeywords = {Iraq National Musuem, antiquities market, looting, market, plunder, theft},\n\tpages = {15},\n}\n\n\n\n

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