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\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Bibliography of South Asian Ornithology.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Pittie, A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n 2023.\n
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Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n
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@misc{pittie_bibliography_2023,\n\ttitle = {Bibliography of {South} {Asian} {Ornithology}},\n\turl = {http://www.southasiaornith.in/},\n\turldate = {2023-12-31},\n\tauthor = {Pittie, A.},\n\tyear = {2023},\n\tkeywords = {Aceros nipalensis, Anorrhinus austeni, Anthracoceros albirostris, Anthracoceros coronatus, Buceros bicornis, General, Ocyceros birostris, Ocyceros gingalensis, Ocyceros griseus, Rhyticeros narcondami, Rhyticeros undulatus},\n}\n\n\n\n
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\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The breeding biology of the cooperatively breeding White-throated Brown Hornbill (Anorrhinus austeni).\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Bora, B; Sonowal, D; Khakhlari, N; and Datta, A\n\n\n \n\n\n\n
Hornbill Natural History & Conservation, 4: 1–19. 2023.\n
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Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n
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@article{bora_breeding_2023,\n\ttitle = {The breeding biology of the cooperatively breeding {White}-throated {Brown} {Hornbill} ({Anorrhinus} austeni)},\n\tvolume = {4},\n\turl = {https://iucnhornbills.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/HNHC_Volume-4_Bora-et-al.pdf},\n\tabstract = {We documented the breeding biology of the cooperatively breeding Brown Hornbill Anorrhinus austeni. We found ten nests from 2017 to 2020. The nesting season was from early March to mid-July. The mean (± SE) nesting duration was 95.4 (± 2.3) days with a range from 92 to 99 days. Overall nesting success was high (91.6\\%). Most successful nests (83\\%) produced one chick, with the remaining 17\\% producing two chicks. Visitation and food delivery rates were higher in the post-hatching period compared to the pre-hatching period. There was inter-annual variation in the food delivered at nests, with a higher proportion of animal matter recorded in 2018 compared to 2019. The mean (± SE) number of helpers at Brown Hornbill nests was 2.2 (± 1.6), ranging from zero to five, and helpers (adult males or juveniles) assisted in bringing food and guarding nests. There was no relationship between number of helpers and nesting success or the number of chicks. The role of helpers may be related to ensuring nesting success through greater vigilance or by enhancing food finding and food delivery, however there may be no incremental advantage from having more helpers. Helpers may also be constrained by limited breeding opportunities and therefore may defer their own breeding and instead, assist the adult pairs. Further research with marked individuals would be required to better understand the role of helpers, and the factors determining the evolution of cooperative breeding behaviour in this species.},\n\turldate = {2023-12-03},\n\tjournal = {Hornbill Natural History \\& Conservation},\n\tauthor = {Bora, B and Sonowal, D and Khakhlari, N and Datta, A},\n\tyear = {2023},\n\tkeywords = {Anorrhinus austeni},\n\tpages = {1--19},\n}\n\n\n\n
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\n We documented the breeding biology of the cooperatively breeding Brown Hornbill Anorrhinus austeni. We found ten nests from 2017 to 2020. The nesting season was from early March to mid-July. The mean (± SE) nesting duration was 95.4 (± 2.3) days with a range from 92 to 99 days. Overall nesting success was high (91.6%). Most successful nests (83%) produced one chick, with the remaining 17% producing two chicks. Visitation and food delivery rates were higher in the post-hatching period compared to the pre-hatching period. There was inter-annual variation in the food delivered at nests, with a higher proportion of animal matter recorded in 2018 compared to 2019. The mean (± SE) number of helpers at Brown Hornbill nests was 2.2 (± 1.6), ranging from zero to five, and helpers (adult males or juveniles) assisted in bringing food and guarding nests. There was no relationship between number of helpers and nesting success or the number of chicks. The role of helpers may be related to ensuring nesting success through greater vigilance or by enhancing food finding and food delivery, however there may be no incremental advantage from having more helpers. Helpers may also be constrained by limited breeding opportunities and therefore may defer their own breeding and instead, assist the adult pairs. Further research with marked individuals would be required to better understand the role of helpers, and the factors determining the evolution of cooperative breeding behaviour in this species.\n
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\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n A brief note on the 8th International Hornbill Conference.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Anonymous\n\n\n \n\n\n\n
Hornbill Natural History and Conservation, 4: 34–35. 2023.\n
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Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n
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@article{anonymous_brief_2023,\n\ttitle = {A brief note on the 8th {International} {Hornbill} {Conference}},\n\tvolume = {4},\n\turl = {https://iucnhornbills.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/HNHC_Volume-4_International-Hornbill-Conference-.pdf},\n\tjournal = {Hornbill Natural History and Conservation},\n\tauthor = {Anonymous},\n\tyear = {2023},\n\tkeywords = {General},\n\tpages = {34--35},\n}\n\n\n\n
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\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Editor's Note.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Naniwadekar, R.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n
Hornbill Natural History and Conservation, 4: i. 2023.\n
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Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n
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@article{naniwadekar_editors_2023,\n\ttitle = {Editor's {Note}},\n\tvolume = {4},\n\turl = {https://iucnhornbills.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/HNHC_Volume-4_Editors-Note.pdf},\n\tjournal = {Hornbill Natural History and Conservation},\n\tauthor = {Naniwadekar, R.},\n\tyear = {2023},\n\tkeywords = {General},\n\tpages = {i},\n}\n\n\n\n
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\n\n \n \n \n \n \n Farmers of the Forest in Cages: The Online Trade of Hornbills in the Philippines.\n \n \n \n\n\n \n Raymundo, J.; Sy, E.; and Chng, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n Technical Report TRAFFIC, Southeast Asia Regional Office, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia, 2023.\n
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\n\n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n
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@techreport{raymundo_farmers_2023,\n\taddress = {Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia},\n\ttype = {Briefing {Paper}},\n\ttitle = {Farmers of the {Forest} in {Cages}: {The} {Online} {Trade} of {Hornbills} in the {Philippines}},\n\tshorttitle = {Farmers of the {Forest} in {Cages}},\n\tabstract = {The hornbills are a group of charismatic bird species occurring in Asia and Africa. Dubbed the “farmers of the forest”, these birds contribute to natural forest regeneration by acting as seed dispersers. The hornbill diversity in the Philippines includes 15 taxa, some of which are the most endangered in the world. Aside from habitat loss, hornbills are also threatened by hunting for wild meat, cultural objects, sport hunting, and live bird trade.\n\nThe Philippine laws protect all wildlife, and possession, trade or transportation of wildlife is highly controlled. Despite these laws and regulations, hornbills have been observed for sale in the lucrative and ever-growing online wildlife trade. TRAFFIC conducted online bird trade surveys on Facebook, the preferred platform of wildlife traders in the Philippines, for the past five years (2018–2022) to gather information on hornbills offered for sale.\n\nThis has been a relatively undocumented threat in the Philippines and will provide important insights as part of TRAFFIC’s long-term commitment to combat the illegal wildlife trade in the Philippines.\n\nA total of 143 live hornbills representing nine taxa were offered for sale in 76 posts by 55 unique Facebook accounts between 2018– 2022. More than half of endemic hornbills in the trade were nestlings or about to fledge. The Luzon Tarictic Hornbill Penelopides manillae (73\\% of all individuals) was the most recorded species in the online trade. Two-thirds of traders recorded were in central Luzon (Region III, IV-A, and National Capital Region [NCR]) and likely wild-sourced hornbills within or nearby provinces. Seizure records during the same period recorded 66 hornbills seized in\n24 incidents. The quantity of hornbills in trade and seizure incidents peaked in 2019 within the study period.},\n\tinstitution = {TRAFFIC, Southeast Asia Regional Office},\n\tauthor = {Raymundo, Josef and Sy, Emerson and Chng, Serene},\n\tyear = {2023},\n}\n\n\n\n
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\n The hornbills are a group of charismatic bird species occurring in Asia and Africa. Dubbed the “farmers of the forest”, these birds contribute to natural forest regeneration by acting as seed dispersers. The hornbill diversity in the Philippines includes 15 taxa, some of which are the most endangered in the world. Aside from habitat loss, hornbills are also threatened by hunting for wild meat, cultural objects, sport hunting, and live bird trade. The Philippine laws protect all wildlife, and possession, trade or transportation of wildlife is highly controlled. Despite these laws and regulations, hornbills have been observed for sale in the lucrative and ever-growing online wildlife trade. TRAFFIC conducted online bird trade surveys on Facebook, the preferred platform of wildlife traders in the Philippines, for the past five years (2018–2022) to gather information on hornbills offered for sale. This has been a relatively undocumented threat in the Philippines and will provide important insights as part of TRAFFIC’s long-term commitment to combat the illegal wildlife trade in the Philippines. A total of 143 live hornbills representing nine taxa were offered for sale in 76 posts by 55 unique Facebook accounts between 2018– 2022. More than half of endemic hornbills in the trade were nestlings or about to fledge. The Luzon Tarictic Hornbill Penelopides manillae (73% of all individuals) was the most recorded species in the online trade. Two-thirds of traders recorded were in central Luzon (Region III, IV-A, and National Capital Region [NCR]) and likely wild-sourced hornbills within or nearby provinces. Seizure records during the same period recorded 66 hornbills seized in 24 incidents. The quantity of hornbills in trade and seizure incidents peaked in 2019 within the study period.\n
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\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Understanding the impact of climate change on the habitat of the rufous-necked hornbill (Aceros nipalensis) (Hodgson, 1829) using MaxEnt modeling in Bhutan.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Dahal, D.; Nepal, A.; Rai, C. M.; and Sapkota, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n
Ornithology Research, 31(3): 182–192. 2023.\n
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Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n
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@article{dahal_understanding_2023,\n\ttitle = {Understanding the impact of climate change on the habitat of the rufous-necked hornbill ({Aceros} nipalensis) ({Hodgson}, 1829) using {MaxEnt} modeling in {Bhutan}},\n\tvolume = {31},\n\tissn = {2662-673X},\n\turl = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s43388-023-00130-8},\n\tdoi = {10.1007/s43388-023-00130-8},\n\tabstract = {Climate change and anthropogenic activities such as deforestation, forest fires, and land use change are serious threats to faunal and avian species including their habitat and population. Using maximum entropy (MaxEnt) modeling, this study assessed the current and future suitable habitats of the rufous-necked hornbill (Aceros nipalensis) under SSP1-2.6 and SSP3-7 climate scenarios for 2021–2040 and 2061–2080 in Bhutan. The impact of climate change on species’s habitat was evaluated using 158 occurrence points collected as presence-only data and the environmental covariates obtained from www.worldclim.org. ENM-evaluate was conducted in R to obtain MaxEnt settings and bias files. A total of 10,000 background points with a regularization multiplier of 1 and linear and quadratic features were selected to build a model in MaxEnt software. A large area of Bhutan is predicted as an unsuitable habitat, accounting for 70.61\\% (27,100 km2), and only 29.39\\% (11,284.7 km2) is predicted as a suitable habitat area, with 9197.19 km2 outside of the protected area. The annual mean temperature has a significant influence (54.1\\%) on the model, followed by elevation (13.1\\%) and the least by slope (1.5\\%). The suitable area is expected to decline from 3.3\\% (1278.32 km2) under SSP1-2.6 to 1.42\\% (549.54 km2) under SSP3-7 in 2021–2040 and 2061–2080, respectively. The study also found that the present suitable habitat will shift towards the southeast in the future. The results of the study call for the relevant agencies to implement projects in suitable areas to protect the habitats of the rufous-necked hornbill and conserve the species. The inclusion of variables such as distance from the settlement, road, and river is recommended for future studies.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2023-12-03},\n\tjournal = {Ornithology Research},\n\tauthor = {Dahal, Damudar and Nepal, Arjun and Rai, Chandra Man and Sapkota, Sunil},\n\tyear = {2023},\n\tkeywords = {Aceros nipalensis},\n\tpages = {182--192},\n}\n\n\n\n
\n
\n\n\n
\n Climate change and anthropogenic activities such as deforestation, forest fires, and land use change are serious threats to faunal and avian species including their habitat and population. Using maximum entropy (MaxEnt) modeling, this study assessed the current and future suitable habitats of the rufous-necked hornbill (Aceros nipalensis) under SSP1-2.6 and SSP3-7 climate scenarios for 2021–2040 and 2061–2080 in Bhutan. The impact of climate change on species’s habitat was evaluated using 158 occurrence points collected as presence-only data and the environmental covariates obtained from www.worldclim.org. ENM-evaluate was conducted in R to obtain MaxEnt settings and bias files. A total of 10,000 background points with a regularization multiplier of 1 and linear and quadratic features were selected to build a model in MaxEnt software. A large area of Bhutan is predicted as an unsuitable habitat, accounting for 70.61% (27,100 km2), and only 29.39% (11,284.7 km2) is predicted as a suitable habitat area, with 9197.19 km2 outside of the protected area. The annual mean temperature has a significant influence (54.1%) on the model, followed by elevation (13.1%) and the least by slope (1.5%). The suitable area is expected to decline from 3.3% (1278.32 km2) under SSP1-2.6 to 1.42% (549.54 km2) under SSP3-7 in 2021–2040 and 2061–2080, respectively. The study also found that the present suitable habitat will shift towards the southeast in the future. The results of the study call for the relevant agencies to implement projects in suitable areas to protect the habitats of the rufous-necked hornbill and conserve the species. The inclusion of variables such as distance from the settlement, road, and river is recommended for future studies.\n
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\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Population status of the Oriental Pied Hornbill in oil palm landscapes with a conserved natural habitat in Runtu Village, West Kotawaringin, Central Kalimantan.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Yusran, A.; Mulyani, Y. A.; Kartono, A. P.; Ramadhan, G. F.; W, M. H. S.; and Sahari, B.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1220(1): 012010. 2023.\n
Publisher: IOP Publishing\n\n
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Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n
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@article{yusran_population_2023,\n\ttitle = {Population status of the {Oriental} {Pied} {Hornbill} in oil palm landscapes with a conserved natural habitat in {Runtu} {Village}, {West} {Kotawaringin}, {Central} {Kalimantan}},\n\tvolume = {1220},\n\tissn = {1755-1315},\n\turl = {https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1220/1/012010},\n\tdoi = {10.1088/1755-1315/1220/1/012010},\n\tabstract = {Oriental Pied Hornbill is a member of the Bucerotidae family that can use rather changing habitats, including a forest fragment in Runtu, Central Kalimantan. The objective of this study is to evaluate the population status of Anthracoceros albirostris in an oil palm concession with a conserved natural habitat at Runtu, Kotawaringin Barat, Central Kalimantan. Habitat profiling for oriental pied hornbill is important to understand its role in supporting the population growth and sustainability of oriental pied hornbill in the area in question. The method to measure the size of the oriental pied hornbill’s population was a strip transect, and the habitat profile was evaluated using a combination of single plot methods. In total, there are 35 plant species belonging to seven families which serve as sources of food for hornbills identified to occur in the study area. The research shows that the oriental pied hornbill frequently and consistently visits Ficus variegata, F. aurata, F benjamina, Polyalthia xanthopetala, and Baccaurea bracteata during the observation period. The appearance of the oriental pied hornbill was found to be higher in the morning than the afternoon, with 4.37 ± 2.729 and 4.68 ± 6.03 individuals respectively. This study also found that the male and female ratio was 3: 4 with clustered dispersal patterns.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2023-12-03},\n\tjournal = {IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science},\n\tauthor = {Yusran, A. and Mulyani, Y. A. and Kartono, A. P. and Ramadhan, G. F. and W, M. H. Sugeng and Sahari, B.},\n\tyear = {2023},\n\tnote = {Publisher: IOP Publishing},\n\tkeywords = {Anthracoceros albirostris},\n\tpages = {012010},\n}\n\n\n\n
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\n Oriental Pied Hornbill is a member of the Bucerotidae family that can use rather changing habitats, including a forest fragment in Runtu, Central Kalimantan. The objective of this study is to evaluate the population status of Anthracoceros albirostris in an oil palm concession with a conserved natural habitat at Runtu, Kotawaringin Barat, Central Kalimantan. Habitat profiling for oriental pied hornbill is important to understand its role in supporting the population growth and sustainability of oriental pied hornbill in the area in question. The method to measure the size of the oriental pied hornbill’s population was a strip transect, and the habitat profile was evaluated using a combination of single plot methods. In total, there are 35 plant species belonging to seven families which serve as sources of food for hornbills identified to occur in the study area. The research shows that the oriental pied hornbill frequently and consistently visits Ficus variegata, F. aurata, F benjamina, Polyalthia xanthopetala, and Baccaurea bracteata during the observation period. The appearance of the oriental pied hornbill was found to be higher in the morning than the afternoon, with 4.37 ± 2.729 and 4.68 ± 6.03 individuals respectively. This study also found that the male and female ratio was 3: 4 with clustered dispersal patterns.\n
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\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n In Search of Hornbill Nests in the Anamalai Hills.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Pawar, P.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n
Nature inFocus. 2023.\n
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Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n
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@article{pawar_search_2023,\n\ttitle = {In {Search} of {Hornbill} {Nests} in the {Anamalai} {Hills}},\n\turl = {https://www.natureinfocus.in/western-ghats-on-the-edge/in-search-of-hornbill-nests-in-the-anamalai-hills},\n\tabstract = {How does one track hornbills in the wild? What does it take to follow them across mountains, and locate their nests deep inside rainforests and tea plantations in the Western Ghats?},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2023-12-03},\n\tjournal = {Nature inFocus},\n\tauthor = {Pawar, Pooja},\n\tyear = {2023},\n\tkeywords = {Anthracoceros coronatus, Buceros bicornis, Ocyceros griseus},\n}\n\n\n\n
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\n How does one track hornbills in the wild? What does it take to follow them across mountains, and locate their nests deep inside rainforests and tea plantations in the Western Ghats?\n
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\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Recent seizures of hornbills trafficked to India.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Shepherd, C; Shepherd, L; Rathore, D; and Mendiratta, U\n\n\n \n\n\n\n
Hornbill Natural History and Conservation, 4: 20–24. 2023.\n
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@article{shepherd_recent_2023,\n\ttitle = {Recent seizures of hornbills trafficked to {India}},\n\tvolume = {4},\n\turl = {https://iucnhornbills.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/HNHC_Volume-4_Shepherd-et-al.pdf},\n\turldate = {2023-12-03},\n\tjournal = {Hornbill Natural History and Conservation},\n\tauthor = {Shepherd, C and Shepherd, L and Rathore, D and Mendiratta, U},\n\tyear = {2023},\n\tkeywords = {Buceros hydrocorax mindanensis, Buceros rhinoceros, Penelopides affinis, Rhabdotorrhinus leucocephalus, Rhyticeros cassidix},\n\tpages = {20--24},\n}\n\n\n\n
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\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Evidence for acoustic niche partitioning depends on the temporal scale in two sympatric Bornean hornbill species.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Kennedy, A. G.; Ahmad, A. H.; Klinck, H.; Johnson, L. M.; and Clink, D. J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n
Biotropica, 55(2): 517–528. 2023.\n
_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/btp.13205\n\n
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Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n
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@article{kennedy_evidence_2023,\n\ttitle = {Evidence for acoustic niche partitioning depends on the temporal scale in two sympatric {Bornean} hornbill species},\n\tvolume = {55},\n\tcopyright = {© 2023 Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation.},\n\tissn = {1744-7429},\n\turl = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/btp.13205},\n\tdoi = {10.1111/btp.13205},\n\tabstract = {Understanding niche partitioning of closely related sympatric species is a fundamental goal in ecology. Acoustic communication space can be considered a resource, and the acoustic niche hypothesis posits that competition between species may lead to partitioning of communication space. Here, we compare the calling behavior of two sympatric Bornean hornbill species—the rhinoceros hornbill (Buceros rhinoceros) and the helmeted hornbill (Rhinoplax vigil)—to test for evidence of acoustic niche partitioning. Both hornbill species emit calls heard over many kilometers and have similar habitat preferences which is predicted to result in interspecific competition. We collected acoustic data on sympatric populations of both hornbill species using 10 autonomous recording units in Danum Valley Conservation Area, Sabah, Malaysia. We found that there was substantial spectral overlap between the calls of the two species, indicating the potential for competition for acoustic space. To test for evidence of acoustic niche partitioning, we investigated spatial and temporal patterns of calling in each species. Both hornbills were strictly diurnal and called throughout the day, and we were equally likely to detect both species at each of our recorders. We did not find evidence of temporal acoustic avoidance at a relatively coarse timescale when we divided our dataset into 1 h bins, but we did find evidence of temporal acoustic avoidance at a finer timescale when we used null models to compare the observed duration of overlapping calls to the expected amount of overlap due to chance. Abstract in Malay is available with online material.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\turldate = {2023-12-03},\n\tjournal = {Biotropica},\n\tauthor = {Kennedy, Amy G. and Ahmad, Abdul Hamid and Klinck, Holger and Johnson, Lynn M. and Clink, Dena J.},\n\tyear = {2023},\n\tnote = {\\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/btp.13205},\n\tkeywords = {Buceros rhinoceros, Rhinoplax vigil},\n\tpages = {517--528},\n}\n\n\n\n
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\n Understanding niche partitioning of closely related sympatric species is a fundamental goal in ecology. Acoustic communication space can be considered a resource, and the acoustic niche hypothesis posits that competition between species may lead to partitioning of communication space. Here, we compare the calling behavior of two sympatric Bornean hornbill species—the rhinoceros hornbill (Buceros rhinoceros) and the helmeted hornbill (Rhinoplax vigil)—to test for evidence of acoustic niche partitioning. Both hornbill species emit calls heard over many kilometers and have similar habitat preferences which is predicted to result in interspecific competition. We collected acoustic data on sympatric populations of both hornbill species using 10 autonomous recording units in Danum Valley Conservation Area, Sabah, Malaysia. We found that there was substantial spectral overlap between the calls of the two species, indicating the potential for competition for acoustic space. To test for evidence of acoustic niche partitioning, we investigated spatial and temporal patterns of calling in each species. Both hornbills were strictly diurnal and called throughout the day, and we were equally likely to detect both species at each of our recorders. We did not find evidence of temporal acoustic avoidance at a relatively coarse timescale when we divided our dataset into 1 h bins, but we did find evidence of temporal acoustic avoidance at a finer timescale when we used null models to compare the observed duration of overlapping calls to the expected amount of overlap due to chance. Abstract in Malay is available with online material.\n
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\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Sightings of the Oriental Pied Hornbill Anthracocerus albirostris in Jawai, Rajasthan, India.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Rathore, S.; and Singh, P.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n
Indian Birds, 19(3). 2023.\n
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Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n
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@article{rathore_sightings_2023,\n\ttitle = {Sightings of the {Oriental} {Pied} {Hornbill} {Anthracocerus} albirostris in {Jawai}, {Rajasthan}, {India}},\n\tvolume = {19},\n\turl = {https://indianbirds.in/pdfs/IB_19_3_Rathore_Singh_OrientalPiedHornbill.pdf},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\turldate = {2023-12-03},\n\tjournal = {Indian Birds},\n\tauthor = {Rathore, Singh and Singh, Praveen},\n\tyear = {2023},\n\tkeywords = {Anthracoceros albirostris},\n}\n\n\n\n
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\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n How do people in the “Land of Hornbills” perceive Hornbills?.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Philovenny, P.; and Mohd-Azlan, J.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n
Bird Conservation International, 33: e5. 2023.\n
Publisher: Cambridge University Press\n\n
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Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n
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@article{philovenny_how_2023,\n\ttitle = {How do people in the “{Land} of {Hornbills}” perceive {Hornbills}?},\n\tvolume = {33},\n\tissn = {0959-2709, 1474-0001},\n\turl = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/bird-conservation-international/article/abs/how-do-people-in-the-land-of-hornbills-perceive-hornbills/6ABBC2BD30A32BA1DDED58FCA0FE1149},\n\tdoi = {10.1017/S0959270921000381},\n\tabstract = {Sarawak is known as the “Land of Hornbills”, having the Rhinoceros Hornbill as the state emblem and with hornbills also being closely associated with important cultural symbols and beliefs among various local communities. However, up to date there is limited understanding on the perception, awareness, and beliefs of local communities towards hornbills. This paper aims to describe the aforementioned factors in western Sarawak, in hope of acquiring the socio-cultural information needed to fill the gap, and to clarify misconceptions towards hornbill conservation efforts in Sarawak. Data collection was accomplished using Open Data Kit (ODK). A total of 500 respondents were approached in five administrative divisions in western Sarawak, namely Kuching, Samarahan, Serian, Sri Aman, and Betong. The questionnaire was carefully formulated to control acquiescence bias that might arise. Boosted Regression Tree (BRT) modelling was conducted to evaluate the strongest demographic predictor variables influencing the answers and word clouds were used to visualise hornbill species by the local community. Sarawakians acknowledge the importance of hornbills as a cultural symbol (95\\%) despite hornbills being used for food, medicine, and decoration. Whilst this study describes the perceptions of hornbills in local communities, a comprehensive assessment throughout Sarawak is recommended for better understanding of hornbill importance in other communities. Such socio-cultural information is vital to ensure the success of conservation efforts and for effective management strategies of hornbills within Sarawak.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2023-12-03},\n\tjournal = {Bird Conservation International},\n\tauthor = {Philovenny, Pengiran and Mohd-Azlan, Jayasilan},\n\tyear = {2023},\n\tnote = {Publisher: Cambridge University Press},\n\tkeywords = {Anthracoceros malayanus, Buceros rhinoceros, Rhinoplax vigil, Rhyticeros undulatus},\n\tpages = {e5},\n}\n\n\n\n
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\n Sarawak is known as the “Land of Hornbills”, having the Rhinoceros Hornbill as the state emblem and with hornbills also being closely associated with important cultural symbols and beliefs among various local communities. However, up to date there is limited understanding on the perception, awareness, and beliefs of local communities towards hornbills. This paper aims to describe the aforementioned factors in western Sarawak, in hope of acquiring the socio-cultural information needed to fill the gap, and to clarify misconceptions towards hornbill conservation efforts in Sarawak. Data collection was accomplished using Open Data Kit (ODK). A total of 500 respondents were approached in five administrative divisions in western Sarawak, namely Kuching, Samarahan, Serian, Sri Aman, and Betong. The questionnaire was carefully formulated to control acquiescence bias that might arise. Boosted Regression Tree (BRT) modelling was conducted to evaluate the strongest demographic predictor variables influencing the answers and word clouds were used to visualise hornbill species by the local community. Sarawakians acknowledge the importance of hornbills as a cultural symbol (95%) despite hornbills being used for food, medicine, and decoration. Whilst this study describes the perceptions of hornbills in local communities, a comprehensive assessment throughout Sarawak is recommended for better understanding of hornbill importance in other communities. Such socio-cultural information is vital to ensure the success of conservation efforts and for effective management strategies of hornbills within Sarawak.\n
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\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Diversity and relative abundance of hornbills in selectively-logged Production Forests in Central Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Mohd-Azlan, J.; Pengiran, P.; Maiwald, M. J.; Chas, N. B. J.; Robert, L. A.; and Noske, R. A.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n
KUKILA, 24: 1–10. 2023.\n
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Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n
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@article{mohd-azlan_diversity_2023,\n\ttitle = {Diversity and relative abundance of hornbills in selectively-logged {Production} {Forests} in {Central} {Sarawak}, {Malaysian} {Borneo}},\n\tvolume = {24},\n\tcopyright = {Copyright (c)},\n\tissn = {0216-9223},\n\turl = {https://kukila.org/index.php/KKL/article/view/588},\n\tabstract = {Opportunistic observations and rapid point count survey data was used in identifying the distribution of hornbill species in three production forests in the interior parts of Sarawak, namely Kapit Forest Management Unit (FMU), Raplex Forest Management Unit (FMU) and Pasin Forest Management Unit (FMU). This assessment was conducted to understand the occurrence and distribution of hornbills in production forest, which is lacking in order to develop an action plan for the conservation of Sarawak’s hornbill population. Records of hornbill observation were noted during forest operations and point count surveys. Point count survey was only conducted for a period of two days at each site. This assessment has provided information on the distribution of six species of hornbills from different coupes with different forest activity at the production forests. The only species that was not detected during this study was the wrinkled hornbills which require additional surveys to confirm its absence in this area. Species diversity was the highest at the future production forest (H’ = 1.16) followed by recently logged forest (H’ = 0.90) and active logging area (H’ = 0.64). The peak hour for hornbill detection appears to be between 0800 hours to 1000 hours in the morning. Production forest can provide resources to hornbills if the fruiting and nesting trees are made available. The occurrence of some of the hornbill species in a production forest complex suggest that these areas can potentially provide habitat to these species if they are managed sustainably. However, the long-term persistence of these species in such forest needs need to be further investigated and carefully interpreted to avoid misleading conclusion on the ability of disturbed forest to support these species of conservation importance.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2023-12-03},\n\tjournal = {KUKILA},\n\tauthor = {Mohd-Azlan, Jayasilan and Pengiran, Philovenny and Maiwald, Marius Joscha and Chas, Nelson Bijack James and Robert, Leslie Ajang and Noske, Richard Alfred},\n\tyear = {2023},\n\tkeywords = {Anorrhinus galeritus, Anthracoceros albirostris, Anthracoceros malayanus, Berenicornis comatus, Buceros rhinoceros, Rhinoplax vigil, Rhyticeros undulatus},\n\tpages = {1--10},\n}\n\n\n\n
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\n Opportunistic observations and rapid point count survey data was used in identifying the distribution of hornbill species in three production forests in the interior parts of Sarawak, namely Kapit Forest Management Unit (FMU), Raplex Forest Management Unit (FMU) and Pasin Forest Management Unit (FMU). This assessment was conducted to understand the occurrence and distribution of hornbills in production forest, which is lacking in order to develop an action plan for the conservation of Sarawak’s hornbill population. Records of hornbill observation were noted during forest operations and point count surveys. Point count survey was only conducted for a period of two days at each site. This assessment has provided information on the distribution of six species of hornbills from different coupes with different forest activity at the production forests. The only species that was not detected during this study was the wrinkled hornbills which require additional surveys to confirm its absence in this area. Species diversity was the highest at the future production forest (H’ = 1.16) followed by recently logged forest (H’ = 0.90) and active logging area (H’ = 0.64). The peak hour for hornbill detection appears to be between 0800 hours to 1000 hours in the morning. Production forest can provide resources to hornbills if the fruiting and nesting trees are made available. The occurrence of some of the hornbill species in a production forest complex suggest that these areas can potentially provide habitat to these species if they are managed sustainably. However, the long-term persistence of these species in such forest needs need to be further investigated and carefully interpreted to avoid misleading conclusion on the ability of disturbed forest to support these species of conservation importance.\n
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\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Predicting the impact of future climate changes and range-shifts of Indian hornbills (family: Bucerotidae).\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Sarkar, D.; and Talukdar, G.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n
Ecological Informatics, 74: 101987. 2023.\n
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Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n
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@article{sarkar_predicting_2023,\n\ttitle = {Predicting the impact of future climate changes and range-shifts of {Indian} hornbills (family: {Bucerotidae})},\n\tvolume = {74},\n\tissn = {1574-9541},\n\tshorttitle = {Predicting the impact of future climate changes and range-shifts of {Indian} hornbills (family},\n\turl = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S157495412300016X},\n\tdoi = {10.1016/j.ecoinf.2023.101987},\n\tabstract = {Climate change influences species distribution and is regarded as a major threat to biodiversity. Hornbills (Family: Bucerotidae) are large tropical birds in Asia and Africa. They are seed dispersers known as forest farmers because they help maintain the ecological community structure by allowing forest regeneration. They are keystone species, and their presence in a forest implies a healthy ecosystem. Range shifts due to climate change is a serious threat because their long-term survival is already imperilled by anthropogenic disturbances. This study models the current and future potential climatic niches of eight of the nine hornbill species present in India. We used GBIF-mediated species presence records along with eight WorldClim V2.1 bioclimatic variables to model the current climatically suitable areas and projected it into the future (mid-century, i.e., 2041–60 and end of the century, i.e., 2081–2100) for different CMIP6 based Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSPs) (i.e., SSP126, SSP245, 370 and 585). Range shifts, centroid changes, and the impact of current land use practices for each of the eight species under various climatic conditions were also examined. The Area Under Curve (AUC) values for final models ranged between 0.736 and 0.994. Result indicates that majority of species' climatic niche shift is towards the west, followed by northwest and northern shifts. The species are expected to lose {\\textgreater}40\\% of their suitable present climatic niche under the SSP 585 scenario in 2081–2100. Natural areas were found to be climatically suitable for hornbills throughout the study area, implying the merit of conserving their existing habitats. Our research provides detailed information on how the distribution of Indian Hornbills may change because of future climatic conditions. Detailed spatial and temporal distribution and range shift patterns will aid in a targeted approach for conserving hornbills and their habitat in a changing climate.},\n\turldate = {2023-12-03},\n\tjournal = {Ecological Informatics},\n\tauthor = {Sarkar, Debanjan and Talukdar, Gautam},\n\tyear = {2023},\n\tkeywords = {General},\n\tpages = {101987},\n}\n\n\n\n
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\n Climate change influences species distribution and is regarded as a major threat to biodiversity. Hornbills (Family: Bucerotidae) are large tropical birds in Asia and Africa. They are seed dispersers known as forest farmers because they help maintain the ecological community structure by allowing forest regeneration. They are keystone species, and their presence in a forest implies a healthy ecosystem. Range shifts due to climate change is a serious threat because their long-term survival is already imperilled by anthropogenic disturbances. This study models the current and future potential climatic niches of eight of the nine hornbill species present in India. We used GBIF-mediated species presence records along with eight WorldClim V2.1 bioclimatic variables to model the current climatically suitable areas and projected it into the future (mid-century, i.e., 2041–60 and end of the century, i.e., 2081–2100) for different CMIP6 based Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSPs) (i.e., SSP126, SSP245, 370 and 585). Range shifts, centroid changes, and the impact of current land use practices for each of the eight species under various climatic conditions were also examined. The Area Under Curve (AUC) values for final models ranged between 0.736 and 0.994. Result indicates that majority of species' climatic niche shift is towards the west, followed by northwest and northern shifts. The species are expected to lose \\textgreater40% of their suitable present climatic niche under the SSP 585 scenario in 2081–2100. Natural areas were found to be climatically suitable for hornbills throughout the study area, implying the merit of conserving their existing habitats. Our research provides detailed information on how the distribution of Indian Hornbills may change because of future climatic conditions. Detailed spatial and temporal distribution and range shift patterns will aid in a targeted approach for conserving hornbills and their habitat in a changing climate.\n
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\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Understanding the convention on species of wild fauna and flora (CITES): A study on the illegal wildlife trade in Sumatra Helmeted Hornbill.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n S, S. E.; and Listriani, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n
Student Journal of International Law, 3(1): 69–85. 2023.\n
Number: 1\n\n
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Paper\n \n \n\n \n \n doi\n \n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n
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@article{s_understanding_2023,\n\ttitle = {Understanding the convention on species of wild fauna and flora ({CITES}): {A} study on the illegal wildlife trade in {Sumatra} {Helmeted} {Hornbill}},\n\tvolume = {3},\n\tcopyright = {Copyright (c) 2023 Student Journal of International Law},\n\tissn = {2807-8497},\n\tshorttitle = {{UNDERSTANDING} {THE} {CONVENTION} {ON} {SPECIES} {OF} {WILD} {FAUNA} {AND} {FLORA} ({CITES})},\n\turl = {https://jim.usk.ac.id/SJIL/article/view/26053},\n\tdoi = {10.24815/sjil.v3i1.26053},\n\tabstract = {This study analyzes the implementation of Convention on Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) in dealing with the Illegal Wildlife Trade (IWT) of the helmeted hornbill (Rhinoplax vigil) in Sumatra and the government's role in saving the species from extinction. This study was conducted based on a normative juridical method. The result showed that Law No. 5 of 1990 and Government Regulation No. 7 of 1999 on safeguarding all hornbills, including the helmeted hornbill is a sound reference on this issue. The high levels of protected animal trade in the Sumatran bird market through social media, animal hunting in conservation zones is proven. The government also helps to conserve helmeted hornbill by participating in CITES COP 17 in Johannesburg South Africa, building national and international collaboration, and in-situ and ex-situ conservation. The government has faced other challenges, such as unclear legal regulations, a lack of human resources, and environmental damage.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\turldate = {2023-12-03},\n\tjournal = {Student Journal of International Law},\n\tauthor = {S, Sri Elmanita and Listriani, Sophia},\n\tyear = {2023},\n\tnote = {Number: 1},\n\tkeywords = {Rhinoplax vigil},\n\tpages = {69--85},\n}\n\n\n\n
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\n This study analyzes the implementation of Convention on Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) in dealing with the Illegal Wildlife Trade (IWT) of the helmeted hornbill (Rhinoplax vigil) in Sumatra and the government's role in saving the species from extinction. This study was conducted based on a normative juridical method. The result showed that Law No. 5 of 1990 and Government Regulation No. 7 of 1999 on safeguarding all hornbills, including the helmeted hornbill is a sound reference on this issue. The high levels of protected animal trade in the Sumatran bird market through social media, animal hunting in conservation zones is proven. The government also helps to conserve helmeted hornbill by participating in CITES COP 17 in Johannesburg South Africa, building national and international collaboration, and in-situ and ex-situ conservation. The government has faced other challenges, such as unclear legal regulations, a lack of human resources, and environmental damage.\n
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\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Narcondam Hornbills: Gardeners of their Island Eden.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Ghuman, S.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n
Roundglass Sustain, (24 September). 2023.\n
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@article{ghuman_narcondam_2023,\n\ttitle = {Narcondam {Hornbills}: {Gardeners} of their {Island} {Eden}},\n\tshorttitle = {Narcondam {Hornbills}},\n\turl = {https://roundglasssustain.com/species/narcondam-hornbills-seed-dispersal},\n\tabstract = {Narcondam Hornbills have inadvertently modified their island home over the years to suit their needs},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {24 September},\n\turldate = {2023-12-03},\n\tjournal = {Roundglass Sustain},\n\tauthor = {Ghuman, Sartaj},\n\tyear = {2023},\n\tkeywords = {Rhyticeros narcondami},\n}\n\n\n\n
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\n Narcondam Hornbills have inadvertently modified their island home over the years to suit their needs\n
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\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Malabar Grey Hornbills: Gardeners of the Rainforest.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Prakash, N.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n
Roundglass Sustain, (24 September). 2023.\n
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Paper\n \n \n\n \n\n \n link\n \n \n\n bibtex\n \n\n \n \n \n abstract \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n
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@article{prakash_malabar_2023,\n\ttitle = {Malabar {Grey} {Hornbills}: {Gardeners} of the {Rainforest}},\n\tshorttitle = {Malabar {Grey} {Hornbills}},\n\turl = {https://roundglasssustain.com/species/malabar-grey-hornbills-gardeners-rainforest},\n\tabstract = {The Malabar grey hornbill is endemic to and emblematic of the rainforests of the Western Ghats, which often resonate with their calls and cackles},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {24 September},\n\turldate = {2023-12-03},\n\tjournal = {Roundglass Sustain},\n\tauthor = {Prakash, Nisarg},\n\tyear = {2023},\n\tkeywords = {Ocyceros griseus},\n}\n\n\n\n
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\n The Malabar grey hornbill is endemic to and emblematic of the rainforests of the Western Ghats, which often resonate with their calls and cackles\n
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\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Indian Grey Hornbill: Unsung Hero of Urban Forests.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Pawar, P.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n
Roundglass Sustain, (24 September). 2023.\n
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@article{pawar_indian_2023,\n\ttitle = {Indian {Grey} {Hornbill}: {Unsung} {Hero} of {Urban} {Forests}},\n\tshorttitle = {Indian {Grey} {Hornbill}},\n\turl = {https://roundglasssustain.com/species/indian-grey-hornbill},\n\tabstract = {The most widely distributed of hornbill species in India, the Indian grey hornbill can often be spotted in the middle of a city},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {24 September},\n\turldate = {2023-12-03},\n\tjournal = {Roundglass Sustain},\n\tauthor = {Pawar, Pooja},\n\tyear = {2023},\n\tkeywords = {Ocyceros birostris},\n}\n\n\n\n
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\n The most widely distributed of hornbill species in India, the Indian grey hornbill can often be spotted in the middle of a city\n
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\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Malabar Pied Hornbill: In Tuxedos for the Fruit Party.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Krishnadas, M.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n
Roundglass Sustain. 2023.\n
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@article{krishnadas_malabar_2023,\n\ttitle = {Malabar {Pied} {Hornbill}: {In} {Tuxedos} for the {Fruit} {Party}},\n\tshorttitle = {Malabar {Pied} {Hornbill}},\n\turl = {https://roundglasssustain.com/species/malabar-pied-hornbill},\n\tabstract = {Usually in groups of ten Malabar pied hornbills are sometimes seen in flocks of 100 or more in slightly open forests with plenty of fruit trees},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2023-12-03},\n\tjournal = {Roundglass Sustain},\n\tauthor = {Krishnadas, Meghna},\n\tyear = {2023},\n\tkeywords = {Anthracoceros coronatus},\n}\n\n\n\n
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\n Usually in groups of ten Malabar pied hornbills are sometimes seen in flocks of 100 or more in slightly open forests with plenty of fruit trees\n
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\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Singapore’s first wild White-crowned Hornbill, assessed by the Singapore Bird Records Committee.\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n Narayanswamy, R.; and Sin, Y.\n\n\n \n\n\n\n
Hornbill Natural History and Conservation, 4: 29–33. 2023.\n
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@article{narayanswamy_singapores_2023,\n\ttitle = {Singapore’s first wild {White}-crowned {Hornbill}, assessed by the {Singapore} {Bird} {Records} {Committee}},\n\tvolume = {4},\n\turl = {https://iucnhornbills.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/HNHC_Volume-4_Narayanswamy-and-Keita-Sin.pdf},\n\turldate = {2023-12-03},\n\tjournal = {Hornbill Natural History and Conservation},\n\tauthor = {Narayanswamy, R. and Sin, Y.C.K.},\n\tyear = {2023},\n\tkeywords = {Berenicornis comatus},\n\tpages = {29--33},\n}\n\n\n\n
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