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@phdthesis{Loiseau2014, author = {Loiseau, El\'{e}onore}, file = {:C$\backslash$:/Users/simapro-irstea/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Loiseau - 2014 - Elaboration d une demarche d evaluation environnementale d un territoire basee sur le cadre methodologique de l Analyse.pdf:pdf}, pages = {280}, school = {Montpellier SupAgro}, title = {{Elaboration d une demarche d evaluation environnementale d un territoire basee sur le cadre methodologique de l Analyse du Cycle de Vie (ACV): Application au territoire du Bassin de Thau}}, url = {http://www1.montpellier.inra.fr/elsa/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/Manuscrit\_These\_EL2014.pdf}, year = {2014} }
@phdthesis{Feschet2014b, abstract = {Le renforcement des pr\'{e}occupations vis-\`{a}-vis des probl\'{e}matiques de d\'{e}veloppement, de bien- \^{e}tre des populations et de qualit\'{e} des \'{e}cosyst\`{e}mes, g\'{e}n\`{e}re de nouvelles pressions \'{e}conomiques (labels, cahiers des charges, etc.), normatives (r\`{e}glements, fiscalit\'{e}), et de la soci\'{e}t\'{e} civile (consom’action, boycott), et impose aux entreprises de prendre en compte ces probl\'{e}matiques, c’est-\`{a}-dire d’identifier, d’\'{e}valuer, et d’am\'{e}liorer leurs impacts. De nombreux outils existent pour \'{e}valuer les impacts des cha\^{\i}nes de produits mais seules les m\'{e}thodes d’Analyse de Cycle de Vie permettent d’avoir une \'{e}valuation multicrit\`{e}re et globale, et de rendre compte des transferts d'impacts d'une \'{e}tape \`{a} l'autre du cycle de vie et d'un impact \`{a} l'autre. Le d\'{e}veloppement de l'ACV sociale est vivement souhait\'{e} et r\'{e}clam\'{e} par les acteurs. La probl\'{e}matique de cette th\`{e}se a consist\'{e} \`{a} s’interroger sur les principes d’\'{e}laboration d’une telle m\'{e}thode, son cadre conceptuel, th\'{e}orique et m\'{e}thodologique. Les besoins de recherche identifi\'{e}s \'{e}tant nombreux, les contributions sp\'{e}cifiques de cette th\`{e}se ont \'{e}t\'{e} triples : i) proposer un nouveau cadre th\'{e}orique et conceptuel adressant les probl\'{e}matiques de bien-\^{e}tre et de d\'{e}veloppement, ii) \'{e}laborer une relation permettant d’\'{e}valuer les impacts de la cr\'{e}ation d’activit\'{e} \'{e}conomique et de revenus sur la sant\'{e} des populations, le « pathway Preston » iii) proposer un cadre m\'{e}thodologique articulant le Mod\`{e}le \`{a} Capitaux Multiples et le concept de capabilit\'{e}s. Les fili\`{e}res agroalimentaires et plus particuli\`{e}rement les fili\`{e}res d’importation de fruits et l\'{e}gumes tropicaux, ont servi de cadre empirique \`{a} ce travail.}, author = {Feschet, Pauline}, file = {:C$\backslash$:/Users/simapro-irstea/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Feschet - 2014 - Analyse du Cycle de Vie Sociale - Pour un nouveau cadre conceptuel et th\'{e}orique.pdf:pdf}, keywords = {ACV sociale,agroalimentaires,bien-\^{e}tre,d\'{e}veloppement,fili\`{e}res,impact,\'{e}valuation}, mendeley-tags = {ACV sociale,agroalimentaires,bien-\^{e}tre,d\'{e}veloppement,fili\`{e}res,impact,\'{e}valuation}, pages = {382}, title = {{Analyse du Cycle de Vie Sociale - Pour un nouveau cadre conceptuel et th\'{e}orique}}, url = {http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/servlet/DocumentFileManager?source=ged\&document=ged:IDOCS:151121\&resolution=\&recordId=theses\%3ABIU\_THESE\%3A1608\&file=}, year = {2014} }
@phdthesis{Langlois2013, abstract = {Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a robust tool often used for eco-design. It allows the assessment of environmental impacts, at a global scale, accounting for all stage of a product life cycle, “from cradle to grave”. There is a methodological gap in this method to account for occupation and transformation impacts in marine ecosystems due to human activities. The task accomplished during this PhD is the development of a methodological framework for a new impact category in LCA to overcome this lack: the sea use. The general framework for sea use had to be defined. It has been built following the example of land use and integrating the new methods developed for LCA of seafood. Thus, a bibliographic work has been performed on the topic of land use and of LCA of fisheries and aquaculture. Cause-effect chains, linking human interventions to the potential impacts they can induce on their environment, were precisely defined. We focused on one of these cause-effect chains in particular, with the aim to build an operational impact assessment method. The method has then been made operational for the assessment of occupation and transformation impacts on the ecosystem life support functions. Because impacts of biotic biomass removal are an essential concern in marine ecosystems, the method has first been applied to fisheries. It was also exemplified on the case of offshore cultivated seaweed, as a casestudy of ecodesign using LCA for seafood. Thus, a new operational methd of sea use impact assessment is proposed and can be applied to case-studies. (PhD thesis in French including journal articles in English)}, address = {Montpellier, France}, author = {Langlois, Juliette}, file = {:C$\backslash$:/Users/simapro-irstea/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Langlois - 2013 - Repr\'{e}sentation dans l’Analyse de Cycle de Vie des impacts environnementaux des usages de l’espace marin – illustration.pdf:pdf}, pages = {273}, publisher = {Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement}, school = {Montpellier SupAgro}, title = {{Repr\'{e}sentation dans l’Analyse de Cycle de Vie des impacts environnementaux des usages de l’espace marin – illustration sur les activit\'{e}s de p\^{e}che et d’algoculture}}, url = {http://www1.montpellier.inra.fr/elsa/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/These\_Langlois2013.pdf}, year = {2013} }
@phdthesis{Cerceau2013, author = {Cerceau, Juliette}, file = {:C$\backslash$:/Users/simapro-irstea/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Cerceau - 2013 - L'\'{e}cologie industrielle comme processus de construction territoriale application aux espaces portuaires.pdf:pdf}, pages = {356}, school = {Ecole Nationale Sup\'{e}rieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne}, title = {{L'\'{e}cologie industrielle comme processus de construction territoriale: application aux espaces portuaires}}, url = {http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/98/46/44/PDF/Cerceau-Juliette-diff.pdf}, year = {2013} }
@phdthesis{Perrin2013b, abstract = {Les r\'{e}centes \'{e}tudes d’Analyse de Cycle de Vie (ACV) des fruits et l\'{e}gumes mettent en \'{e}vidence que la phase de production agricole concentre une part pr\'{e}pond\'{e}rante des impacts environnementaux de ces produits. D’autre part, les syst\`{e}mes de culture maraichers sont tr\`{e}s divers selon les zones g\'{e}ographiques et les syst\`{e}mes de production. Ainsi, cette revue bibliographique s’attache \`{a} analyser les m\'{e}thodes et les donn\'{e}es d’inventaires utilis\'{e}es dans les diff\'{e}rentes \'{e}tudes ACV et \`{a} comparer les impacts environnementaux potentiels de diff\'{e}rentes productions mara\^{\i}ch\`{e}res au stade de la ferme. Dix \'{e}tudes publi\'{e}es dans des revues \`{a} comit\'{e} de lecture ou dans des rapports r\'{e}pondant aux normes ISO ont \'{e}t\'{e} s\'{e}lectionn\'{e}es. Nous avons d’abord analys\'{e} qualitativement les objectifs et le cadre des diff\'{e}rentes \'{e}tudes. Ensuite, les r\'{e}sultats d’inventaires et les r\'{e}sultats d’impact pour trois cat\'{e}gories (changement climatique, eutrophisation, acidification) ont \'{e}t\'{e} analys\'{e}s au moyen d’une typologie des syst\`{e}mes de production, mais aussi par groupe de produit et par \'{e}tude. Enfin, une attention particuli\`{e}re a \'{e}t\'{e} port\'{e}e sur les m\'{e}thodes d’estimation des \'{e}missions d’azote r\'{e}actif. Parmi les diff\'{e}rents syst\`{e}mes de cultures identifi\'{e}s, les syst\`{e}mes sous serres chauff\'{e}es pr\'{e}sentent le potentiel de changement climatique le plus \'{e}lev\'{e} en raison de leur consommation d’\'{e}nergie pour le chauffage. Entre les diff\'{e}rents groupes de produits, les haricots pr\'{e}sentent les potentiels d’acidification et d’eutrophisation les plus forts en raison de fortes \'{e}missions dues aux importantes quantit\'{e}s d’engrais utilis\'{e}es par tonne de produit. En analysant les r\'{e}sultats par \'{e}tude, il ressort que les principales sources de variation d’impact sont les rendements, les pratiques de fertilisation et les choix m\'{e}thodologiques relatifs aux r\`{e}gles d’allocation. Globalement, la comparabilit\'{e} des \'{e}tudes ACV pour les productions mara\^{\i}ch\`{e}res est restreinte par (1) le manque de transparence sur les objectifs et p\'{e}rim\`{e}tres des analyses, (2) le manque de donn\'{e}es repr\'{e}sentatives pour d\'{e}crire les syst\`{e}mes de production et (3) l’h\'{e}t\'{e}rog\'{e}n\'{e}it\'{e} et le manque de sp\'{e}cificit\'{e} des m\'{e}thodes pour l’estimation des \'{e}missions aux champs dans les conditions de production mara\^{\i}ch\`{e}res. En particulier, il apparait que les m\'{e}thodes d’estimation des \'{e}missions d’azote sont souvent appliqu\'{e}es en dehors de leur domaine de validit\'{e}. Cette premi\`{e}re tentative de comparaison des impacts potentiels des productions maraich\`{e}res a mis en \'{e}vidence plusieurs manques en termes de donn\'{e}es et de m\'{e}thodes dans la perspective de produire des r\'{e}sultats repr\'{e}sentatifs pour la phase de production agricole des produits mara\^{\i}chers. Ainsi, une s\'{e}rie de recommandations a \'{e}t\'{e} formul\'{e}e afin de mieux prendre en compte les sp\'{e}cificit\'{e}s des productions maraich\`{e}res, et ainsi d’am\'{e}liorer la qualit\'{e} des \'{e}tudes ACV sur ces produits.}, author = {Perrin, Aur\'{e}lie}, file = {:C$\backslash$:/Users/simapro-irstea/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Perrin - 2013 - Evaluation environnementale des syst\`{e}mes agricoles urbains en Afrique de l'Ouest Implications de la diversit\'{e} des pratiq.pdf:pdf}, keywords = {Stade ferme,azote r\'{e}actif,mara\^{\i}chage,m\'{e}thodes d’estimation des \'{e}missions,typologie}, mendeley-tags = {Stade ferme,azote r\'{e}actif,mara\^{\i}chage,m\'{e}thodes d’estimation des \'{e}missions,typologie}, title = {{Evaluation environnementale des syst\`{e}mes agricoles urbains en Afrique de l'Ouest: Implications de la diversit\'{e} des pratiques et de la variabilit\'{e} des \'{e}missions d'azote dans l'Analyse du Cycle de Vie de la tomate au B\'{e}nin}}, year = {2013} }
@phdthesis{Collet2012, abstract = {biodiesel production using electricity produced by local and renewable sources has been undertaken in order to estimate potential impacts’ modifications and to compare them with the consequences of an increase of microalgal productivity. Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) is usually based on steady-state and linear models of elementary processes and temporal or spatial variations of commodity flows and emissions are most of the time ignored or aggregated within the overall uncertainty. Furthermore Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) framework generally assumes that the biological processes respond linearly to environmental disturbances and that threshold effects can be neglected. As the development of dynamic impact methods is based on dynamic inventory data, it seems essential to develop a general methodology to achieve a temporal LCI. This PhD thesis presents a methodology to pursue a dynamic LCI based on the identification of key flows by sensitivity analyses. Once these commodity flows and environmental flows have been identified, their own timescales are compared to the inherent timescales of the impact categories affected by the flows. From this perspective, temporal dimensions of different impact categories are suggested and discussed. This approach is illustrated by theoretical and existing bioenergy systems. (PhD thesis in French including journal articles in English)}, address = {Montpellier, France}, author = {Collet, Pierre}, file = {:C$\backslash$:/Users/simapro-irstea/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Collet - 2012 - Analyse de Cycle de Vie de la valorisation \'{e}nerg\'{e}tique de la biomasse algale prise en compte des aspects dynamiques dan.pdf:pdf}, pages = {286}, publisher = {Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement}, school = {Montpellier SupAgro}, title = {{Analyse de Cycle de Vie de la valorisation \'{e}nerg\'{e}tique de la biomasse algale : prise en compte des aspects dynamiques dans l'\'{e}tape d’inventaire}}, url = {http://prodinra.inra.fr/?locale=fr\#!ConsultNotice:189108}, year = {2012} }
@phdthesis{Langevin2010c, abstract = {The general objective of the thesis is to develop and validate an assessment framework of the environmental efficiency of slurry application techniques based on Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). A first LCA showed that the impact of the manufacturing and the use of slurry spreaders were negligible compared to those induced by the nitrogenous emissions (NH3, N2O \& NO3) from the fertilized soil. These emissions depend on soil, climate and agricultural practices and are thus eminently site-specific. This is challenging for LCA, which is a method based on the absence of spatial differentiation. To account for the variability of nitrogenous emissions at field level in the LCA of the slurry application function, two approaches were followed: (A) by using experimental data from the literature which allowed to order four application techniques in a robust way, to quantify the variability of emissions and to discuss the uncertainty induced on LCA final results. (B) by using simulated data with models from soil physics, agro-climatology, and agronomy models. A coherent simulation tool was developed including the effects on nitrogenous emissions from i) the incorporation of slurry into the soil, ii) the soil compaction by the spreaders, iii) the spatial distribution of the slurry over the field. These effects were simulated in 5 sites in France over 7 years. The range of emissions for each technique estimated with both approaches was comparable. The use of models allowed to assess the contribution of each elementary effect on nitrogenous emissions and to order the applications techniques in a range of contrasted situations. Finally, a general methodology for the inclusion of variability in the environmental inventory for agricultural products is proposed.}, author = {Langevin, Brigitte}, file = {:C$\backslash$:/Users/simapro-irstea/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Langevin - 2010 - Accounting for the variability of field nitrogen emissions in the Life Cycle Assessment of agricultural systems. The c.pdf:pdf}, keywords = {Agriculture,LCA,Nitrogen emissions,Slurry application techniques,modeling,uncertainty}, school = {Doctorat ParisTech}, title = {{Accounting for the variability of field nitrogen emissions in the Life Cycle Assessment of agricultural systems. The case of slurry application.}}, url = {http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/50/89/04/PDF/These\_B\_Langevin.pdf}, year = {2010} }