var bibbase_data = {"data":"<img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/ajax-loader.gif\" id=\"spinner\"\n  style=\"display: none;\" alt=\"Loading..\" />\n\n<div id=\"bibbase\">\n\n  <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n    var bibbase = {\n      params: {\"bib\":\"https://owncloud.gwdg.de/index.php/s/Q5ML8nhrPoIyEl9/download\",\"jsonp\":\"1\",\"host\":\"bibbase.org\",\"ssl\":false},\n      data: [{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Fire behavior of thermally modified pine (Pinus sylvestris) treated with DMDHEU and flame retardants: from small scale to SBI tests\",\"volume\":\"0\",\"copyright\":\"De Gruyter expressly reserves the right to use all content for commercial text and data mining within the meaning of Section 44b of the German Copyright Act.\",\"issn\":\"1437-434X\",\"shorttitle\":\"Fire behavior of thermally modified pine (Pinus sylvestris) treated with DMDHEU and flame retardants\",\"url\":\"https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/hf-2025-0021/html\",\"doi\":\"10.1515/hf-2025-0021\",\"abstract\":\"In this study, thermally modified Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) was impregnated with DMDHEU (1,3-dimethylol-4,5-dihydroxyethyleneurea) monomers combined with a flame retardant (FR) based on monoguanidine phosphate salt. Fire performance was assessed using ignitability tests (ISO 11925-2, 2020), mass loss calorimetry test (ISO 13927, 2015), and single burning item (SBI) tests (EN 13823, 2020). Results showed enhanced flame retardancy, reaching Class B in the SBI test. Small-scale ignitability tests revealed minor differences in flame spread across samples, unlike the SBI results. Fire growth rate and ignition time from mass loss calorimetry strongly correlated with burning suppression in the SBI test.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"0\",\"urldate\":\"2025-04-25\",\"journal\":\"Holzforschung\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Wu\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Muting\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hötte\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Christoph\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Karthäuser\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Johannes\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Militz\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Holger\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"April\",\"year\":\"2025\",\"note\":\"Publisher: De Gruyter Section: Holzforschung\",\"file\":\"Full Text PDF:/home/maicher/Zotero/storage/YQQDMZXV/Wu et al. - 2025 - Fire behavior of thermally modified pine (Pinus sy.pdf:application/pdf\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{wu_fire_2025,\\n\\ttitle = {Fire behavior of thermally modified pine ({Pinus} sylvestris) treated with {DMDHEU} and flame retardants: from small scale to {SBI} tests},\\n\\tvolume = {0},\\n\\tcopyright = {De Gruyter expressly reserves the right to use all content for commercial text and data mining within the meaning of Section 44b of the German Copyright Act.},\\n\\tissn = {1437-434X},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Fire behavior of thermally modified pine ({Pinus} sylvestris) treated with {DMDHEU} and flame retardants},\\n\\turl = {https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/hf-2025-0021/html},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1515/hf-2025-0021},\\n\\tabstract = {In this study, thermally modified Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) was impregnated with DMDHEU (1,3-dimethylol-4,5-dihydroxyethyleneurea) monomers combined with a flame retardant (FR) based on monoguanidine phosphate salt. Fire performance was assessed using ignitability tests (ISO 11925-2, 2020), mass loss calorimetry test (ISO 13927, 2015), and single burning item (SBI) tests (EN 13823, 2020). Results showed enhanced flame retardancy, reaching Class B in the SBI test. Small-scale ignitability tests revealed minor differences in flame spread across samples, unlike the SBI results. Fire growth rate and ignition time from mass loss calorimetry strongly correlated with burning suppression in the SBI test.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {0},\\n\\turldate = {2025-04-25},\\n\\tjournal = {Holzforschung},\\n\\tauthor = {Wu, Muting and Hötte, Christoph and Karthäuser, Johannes and Militz, Holger},\\n\\tmonth = apr,\\n\\tyear = {2025},\\n\\tnote = {Publisher: De Gruyter\\nSection: Holzforschung},\\n\\tfile = {Full Text PDF:/home/maicher/Zotero/storage/YQQDMZXV/Wu et al. - 2025 - Fire behavior of thermally modified pine (Pinus sy.pdf:application/pdf},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Wu, M.\",\"Hötte, C.\",\"Karthäuser, J.\",\"Militz, H.\"],\"key\":\"wu_fire_2025\",\"id\":\"wu_fire_2025\",\"bibbaseid\":\"wu-htte-karthuser-militz-firebehaviorofthermallymodifiedpinepinussylvestristreatedwithdmdheuandflameretardantsfromsmallscaletosbitests-2025\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/hf-2025-0021/html\"},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{\"hötte, c\":\"https://glad.uni-goettingen.de/de/677683.html\"}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Esterification of wood with citric acid and sorbitol: effect of the copolymer on the properties of the modified wood. Part 1: macroscopic changes, fixation of chemicals and impact bending properties\",\"volume\":\"78\",\"issn\":\"0018-3830, 1437-434X\",\"shorttitle\":\"Esterification of wood with citric acid and sorbitol\",\"url\":\"https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/hf-2024-0070/html\",\"doi\":\"10.1515/hf-2024-0070\",\"abstract\":\"Wood modification processes based on citric acid in combination with various copolymers have gained in importance in recent years. These processes also include modification with citric acid (CA) and sorbitol, a sugar alcohol, which is currently in the industrial realisation phase in Germany (SorCA) and Norway (CIOL). The modification of wood with sorbitol and citric acid (SorCA) can significantly improve the dimensional stability and durability of the wood. It is hypothesised that the addition of a copolymer may improve the fixation of the chemicals within as well as the flexibility of the modified wood matrix. In this study, the macroscopic changes, the fixation of the chemicals and the impact bending properties of wood modified with CA and SorCA are compared. Both modifications cause a permanent increase in mass (WPG) and volume (CWB). The fixation of the chemicals was comparable for both modifications; at high chemical concentrations, the SorCA polyester fixed slightly better within the wood matrix. Both modifications led to embrittlement of the wood, measured by a decrease in the impact bending strength (IBS). This embrittlement was clearly concentration-dependent and slightly more pronounced for the modification with CA.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"11-12\",\"urldate\":\"2024-12-16\",\"journal\":\"Holzforschung\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hötte\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Christoph\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Militz\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Holger\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"December\",\"year\":\"2024\",\"pages\":\"673–682\",\"file\":\"Hötte and Militz - 2024 - Esterification of wood with citric acid and sorbit.pdf:/home/maicher/Zotero/storage/WBBU678Z/Hötte and Militz - 2024 - Esterification of wood with citric acid and sorbit.pdf:application/pdf\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{hotte_esterification_2024,\\n\\ttitle = {Esterification of wood with citric acid and sorbitol: effect of the copolymer on the properties of the modified wood. {Part} 1: macroscopic changes, fixation of chemicals and impact bending properties},\\n\\tvolume = {78},\\n\\tissn = {0018-3830, 1437-434X},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Esterification of wood with citric acid and sorbitol},\\n\\turl = {https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/hf-2024-0070/html},\\n\\tdoi = {10.1515/hf-2024-0070},\\n\\tabstract = {Wood modification processes based on citric acid in combination with various copolymers have gained in importance in recent years. These processes also include modification with citric acid (CA) and sorbitol, a sugar alcohol, which is currently in the industrial realisation phase in Germany (SorCA) and Norway (CIOL). The modification of wood with sorbitol and citric acid (SorCA) can significantly improve the dimensional stability and durability of the wood. It is hypothesised that the addition of a copolymer may improve the fixation of the chemicals within as well as the flexibility of the modified wood matrix. In this study, the macroscopic changes, the fixation of the chemicals and the impact bending properties of wood modified with CA and SorCA are compared. Both modifications cause a permanent increase in mass (WPG) and volume (CWB). The fixation of the chemicals was comparable for both modifications; at high chemical concentrations, the SorCA polyester fixed slightly better within the wood matrix. Both modifications led to embrittlement of the wood, measured by a decrease in the impact bending strength (IBS). This embrittlement was clearly concentration-dependent and slightly more pronounced for the modification with CA.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {11-12},\\n\\turldate = {2024-12-16},\\n\\tjournal = {Holzforschung},\\n\\tauthor = {Hötte, Christoph and Militz, Holger},\\n\\tmonth = dec,\\n\\tyear = {2024},\\n\\tpages = {673--682},\\n\\tfile = {Hötte and Militz - 2024 - Esterification of wood with citric acid and sorbit.pdf:/home/maicher/Zotero/storage/WBBU678Z/Hötte and Militz - 2024 - Esterification of wood with citric acid and sorbit.pdf:application/pdf},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Hötte, C.\",\"Militz, H.\"],\"key\":\"hotte_esterification_2024\",\"id\":\"hotte_esterification_2024\",\"bibbaseid\":\"htte-militz-esterificationofwoodwithcitricacidandsorbitoleffectofthecopolymeronthepropertiesofthemodifiedwoodpart1macroscopicchangesfixationofchemicalsandimpactbendingproperties-2024\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/hf-2024-0070/html\"},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{\"hötte, c\":\"https://glad.uni-goettingen.de/de/677683.html\"}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"inproceedings\",\"type\":\"inproceedings\",\"address\":\"Sopron, Hungary,\",\"title\":\"Modification of different European hardwood species with a bio-based thermosetting resin on a semi-industrial scale\",\"volume\":\"11\",\"booktitle\":\"11th Hardwood Conference Proceedings\",\"publisher\":\"University of Sopron Press\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hötte\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Christoph\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Militz\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Holger\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"May\",\"year\":\"2024\",\"pages\":\"557–563\",\"bibtex\":\"@inproceedings{hotte_modification_2024,\\n\\taddress = {Sopron, Hungary,},\\n\\ttitle = {Modification of different {European} hardwood species with a bio-based thermosetting resin on a semi-industrial scale},\\n\\tvolume = {11},\\n\\tbooktitle = {11th {Hardwood} {Conference} {Proceedings}},\\n\\tpublisher = {University of Sopron Press},\\n\\tauthor = {Hötte, Christoph and Militz, Holger},\\n\\tmonth = may,\\n\\tyear = {2024},\\n\\tpages = {557--563},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Hötte, C.\",\"Militz, H.\"],\"key\":\"hotte_modification_2024\",\"id\":\"hotte_modification_2024\",\"bibbaseid\":\"htte-militz-modificationofdifferenteuropeanhardwoodspecieswithabiobasedthermosettingresinonasemiindustrialscale-2024\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{\"hötte, c\":\"https://glad.uni-goettingen.de/de/677683.html\"}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"inproceedings\",\"type\":\"inproceedings\",\"address\":\"Ås, Norway\",\"title\":\"Investigation of oil curing as an alternative curing procedure for Scots pine modified with sorbitol and citric acid\",\"booktitle\":\"Proceedings of the 19th Meeting of the Northern European Network for Wood Science and Engineering (WSE)\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Rabke\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Joshua\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hötte\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Christoph\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Militz\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Holger\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"October\",\"year\":\"2023\",\"pages\":\"13–15\",\"bibtex\":\"@inproceedings{rabke_investigation_2023,\\n\\taddress = {Ås, Norway},\\n\\ttitle = {Investigation of oil curing as an alternative curing procedure for {Scots} pine modified with sorbitol and citric acid},\\n\\tbooktitle = {Proceedings of the 19th {Meeting} of the {Northern} {European} {Network} for {Wood} {Science} and {Engineering} ({WSE})},\\n\\tauthor = {Rabke, Joshua and Hötte, Christoph and Militz, Holger},\\n\\tmonth = oct,\\n\\tyear = {2023},\\n\\tpages = {13--15},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Rabke, J.\",\"Hötte, C.\",\"Militz, H.\"],\"key\":\"rabke_investigation_2023\",\"id\":\"rabke_investigation_2023\",\"bibbaseid\":\"rabke-htte-militz-investigationofoilcuringasanalternativecuringprocedureforscotspinemodifiedwithsorbitolandcitricacid-2023\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{\"hötte, c\":\"https://glad.uni-goettingen.de/de/677683.html\"}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"techreport\",\"type\":\"Master thesis\",\"address\":\"Göttingen, Germany\",\"title\":\"Holzmodifizierung mit Zitronensäure und Zuckeralkoholen – Optimierung des Trocknungs- und Aushärtungsprozesses\",\"language\":\"ger de\",\"institution\":\"Wood Biology and Wood Products, Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology,University of Goettingen\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hötte\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Christoph\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"November\",\"year\":\"2022\",\"pages\":\"152\",\"file\":\"Hötte - 2022 - Holzmodifizierung mit Zitronensäure und Zuckeralko.pdf:/home/maicher/Zotero/storage/CIY9IALI/Hötte - 2022 - Holzmodifizierung mit Zitronensäure und Zuckeralko.pdf:application/pdf\",\"bibtex\":\"@techreport{hotte_holzmodifizierung_2022,\\n\\taddress = {Göttingen, Germany},\\n\\ttype = {Master thesis},\\n\\ttitle = {Holzmodifizierung mit {Zitronensäure} und {Zuckeralkoholen} – {Optimierung} des {Trocknungs}- und {Aushärtungsprozesses}},\\n\\tlanguage = {ger de},\\n\\tinstitution = {Wood Biology and Wood Products, Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology,University of Goettingen},\\n\\tauthor = {Hötte, Christoph},\\n\\tmonth = nov,\\n\\tyear = {2022},\\n\\tpages = {152},\\n\\tfile = {Hötte - 2022 - Holzmodifizierung mit Zitronensäure und Zuckeralko.pdf:/home/maicher/Zotero/storage/CIY9IALI/Hötte - 2022 - Holzmodifizierung mit Zitronensäure und Zuckeralko.pdf:application/pdf},\\n}\\n\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Hötte, C.\"],\"key\":\"hotte_holzmodifizierung_2022\",\"id\":\"hotte_holzmodifizierung_2022\",\"bibbaseid\":\"htte-holzmodifizierungmitzitronensureundzuckeralkoholenoptimierungdestrocknungsundaushrtungsprozesses-2022\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{\"hötte, c\":\"https://glad.uni-goettingen.de/de/677683.html\"}},\"html\":\"\"},{\"bibtype\":\"article\",\"type\":\"article\",\"title\":\"Investigating the Efficacy of Established Chemical Wood Modifications on Large-Diameter Pine: Durability Against Basidiomycetes\",\"volume\":\"18\",\"copyright\":\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/\",\"issn\":\"1996-1944\",\"shorttitle\":\"Investigating the Efficacy of Established Chemical Wood Modifications on Large-Diameter Pine\",\"url\":\"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/18/13/2985\",\"doi\":\"10.3390/ma18132985\",\"abstract\":\"In Germany, Pinus sylvestris is a dominant tree species, and many trees with large diameters are not utilised due to difficulties with processing. However, older pines have larger volumes of sapwood, and boards with a high sapwood content can be produced. The durability of boards from large-diameter (\\\\textgreater50 cm) P. sylvestris trees, treated with furfurylation, acetylation, DMDHEU (1.3-dimethylol-4.5-dihydroxyethyleneurea), and SorCA (Sorbitol/Citric Acid), was assessed. The samples were taken from different sections along the longitudinal axis and the cross-section. The durability was tested against Coniophora puteana, Rhodonia placenta, and Trametes versicolor, according to the EN 113-2 standard. All treatments had a median mass loss \\\\textless 5%, so classed as “highly durable” (Durability Class 1) against all fungi. DMDHEU had a large deviation in mass loss against Coniophora puteana and could potentially be classified as “moderately durable” (Durability Class 3), if based on the mean mass loss. The inner part of the end section had a higher mass loss, indicating that there was poorer retention of the treatment at this location. Overall, chemical modifications on large-diameter pine trees were effective at increasing durability. Utilising large-diameter pine trees can help to make use of regional resources and potentially reduce reliance on imported timber. With favourable mechanical properties and easy-to-treat sapwood, large-diameter P. sylvestris trees could be used for commercial treatments.\",\"language\":\"en\",\"number\":\"13\",\"urldate\":\"2025-06-25\",\"journal\":\"Materials\",\"author\":[{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Martin\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Lucy\",\"S.\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Stolze\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Hannes\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Hötte\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Christoph\"],\"suffixes\":[]},{\"propositions\":[],\"lastnames\":[\"Militz\"],\"firstnames\":[\"Holger\"],\"suffixes\":[]}],\"month\":\"June\",\"year\":\"2025\",\"pages\":\"2985\",\"file\":\"PDF:/home/maicher/Zotero/storage/C2R3QCT9/Martin et al. - 2025 - Investigating the Efficacy of Established Chemical Wood Modifications on Large-Diameter Pine Durabi.pdf:application/pdf\",\"bibtex\":\"@article{martin_investigating_2025,\\n\\ttitle = {Investigating the {Efficacy} of {Established} {Chemical} {Wood} {Modifications} on {Large}-{Diameter} {Pine}: {Durability} {Against} {Basidiomycetes}},\\n\\tvolume = {18},\\n\\tcopyright = {https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/},\\n\\tissn = {1996-1944},\\n\\tshorttitle = {Investigating the {Efficacy} of {Established} {Chemical} {Wood} {Modifications} on {Large}-{Diameter} {Pine}},\\n\\turl = {https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/18/13/2985},\\n\\tdoi = {10.3390/ma18132985},\\n\\tabstract = {In Germany, Pinus sylvestris is a dominant tree species, and many trees with large diameters are not utilised due to difficulties with processing. However, older pines have larger volumes of sapwood, and boards with a high sapwood content can be produced. The durability of boards from large-diameter ({\\\\textgreater}50 cm) P. sylvestris trees, treated with furfurylation, acetylation, DMDHEU (1.3-dimethylol-4.5-dihydroxyethyleneurea), and SorCA (Sorbitol/Citric Acid), was assessed. The samples were taken from different sections along the longitudinal axis and the cross-section. The durability was tested against Coniophora puteana, Rhodonia placenta, and Trametes versicolor, according to the EN 113-2 standard. All treatments had a median mass loss {\\\\textless} 5\\\\%, so classed as “highly durable” (Durability Class 1) against all fungi. DMDHEU had a large deviation in mass loss against Coniophora puteana and could potentially be classified as “moderately durable” (Durability Class 3), if based on the mean mass loss. The inner part of the end section had a higher mass loss, indicating that there was poorer retention of the treatment at this location. Overall, chemical modifications on large-diameter pine trees were effective at increasing durability. Utilising large-diameter pine trees can help to make use of regional resources and potentially reduce reliance on imported timber. With favourable mechanical properties and easy-to-treat sapwood, large-diameter P. sylvestris trees could be used for commercial treatments.},\\n\\tlanguage = {en},\\n\\tnumber = {13},\\n\\turldate = {2025-06-25},\\n\\tjournal = {Materials},\\n\\tauthor = {Martin, Lucy S. and Stolze, Hannes and Hötte, Christoph and Militz, Holger},\\n\\tmonth = jun,\\n\\tyear = {2025},\\n\\tpages = {2985},\\n\\tfile = {PDF:/home/maicher/Zotero/storage/C2R3QCT9/Martin et al. - 2025 - Investigating the Efficacy of Established Chemical Wood Modifications on Large-Diameter Pine Durabi.pdf:application/pdf},\\n}\\n\",\"author_short\":[\"Martin, L. S.\",\"Stolze, H.\",\"Hötte, C.\",\"Militz, H.\"],\"key\":\"martin_investigating_2025\",\"id\":\"martin_investigating_2025\",\"bibbaseid\":\"martin-stolze-htte-militz-investigatingtheefficacyofestablishedchemicalwoodmodificationsonlargediameterpinedurabilityagainstbasidiomycetes-2025\",\"role\":\"author\",\"urls\":{\"Paper\":\"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/18/13/2985\"},\"metadata\":{\"authorlinks\":{\"hötte, c\":\"https://glad.uni-goettingen.de/de/677683.html\"}},\"html\":\"\"}],\n      metadata: {\"owner\":\"hötte, c\",\"authorlinks\":{\"hötte, c\":\"https://glad.uni-goettingen.de/de/677683.html\"}},\n      ownerID: \"BaF32KLHSuQWdaFCx\"\n    };\n  </script>\n\n  <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n  var site$;\n  if (typeof $ != 'undefined') {\n    console.log('existing jquery: storing and then restoring');\n    site$ = $;\n    $ = null;\n  }\n  </script>\n\n  <script src=\"https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.2.4/jquery.min.js\">\n  </script>\n  <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n  if (site$) {\n    console.log('existing jquery: avoiding conflict and restoring');\n    bb$ = $.noConflict(true);\n    $ = site$;\n  } else {\n    bb$ = $;\n  }\n  </script>\n\n  <script src=\"//bibbase.org/js/bibbase.min.js\"\n          type=\"text/javascript\">\n  </script>\n\n  <script type=\"text/javascript\"\n          src=\"https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.1/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML\">\n  </script>\n  <script type=\"text/x-mathjax-config\">\n    MathJax.Hub.Config({tex2jax: {inlineMath: [['$','$'], ['\\\\(','\\\\)']]},\n                        skipTags: [\"body\"],\n                        processClass: \"bibbase_paper\"});\n  </script>\n\n  <style>\n  @media print {\n    .dontprint {\n        display: none !important;\n    }\n\n  .bibbase_group {\n    background-color: #E0E0E0;\n    font-style: italic;\n    font-size: larger;\n    text-shadow: 0px 0px 3px #FFFFFF;\n    border-radius: 4px 4px 4px 4px;\n    -moz-border-radius: 4px 4px 4px 4px;\n    -webkit-border-radius: 4px;\n    padding: 5px 40px 5px;\n    margin-top: 10px;\n    margin-bottom: 5px;\n    cursor: pointer;\n  }\n\n  .bibbase_paper {\n    margin-bottom: 5px;\n  }\n\n  }\n  </style>\n\n  \n  <div style=\"float: right; margin-right: 10px; margin-top: 10px; text-align: right; font-size: 12px\">\n    generated by\n    <a href=\"//bibbase.org\"\n       onclick=\"trackOutboundLink('bibbase', 'logo clicked', window.location.href, '//bibbase.org'); return false;\">\n      <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/logo.svg\"\n           style=\"vertical-align: middle; margin-left: 3px; height: 16px;\"/\n           alt=\"bibbase.org\"\n           title=\"BibBase – The easiest way to maintain your publications page.\"\n        ></a>\n    \n  </div>\n  \n\n  <div id=\"bibbase_header\" class=\"dontprint\" style=\"\">\n\n    <ul class=\"nav nav-pills\" style=\"margin: 0px;\">\n\n      <li class=\"dropdown\" id=\"groupby_dropdown\">\n      <a class=\"dropdown-toggle\"\n         data-toggle=\"dropdown\"\n         href=\"#\">\n          Group by\n          <b class=\"caret\"></b>\n      </a>\n      <ul class=\"dropdown-menu\">\n        <li class=\"groupby year\"><a onclick=\"groupby('year')\">\n            Year</a>\n        </li>\n        <li class=\"groupby author\"><a onclick=\"groupby('author_short')\">\n            Author</a>\n        </li>\n        <li class=\"groupby type\"><a onclick=\"groupby('type')\">\n            Type</a>\n        </li>\n        <li class=\"groupby keyword\"><a onclick=\"groupby('keyword')\">\n            Keyword</a>\n        </li>\n        <li class=\"groupby downloads\"><a onclick=\"groupby('downloads')\">\n            Downloads</a>\n        </li>\n      </ul>\n      </li>\n\n\n      <li class=\"dropdown\" id=\"menu_dropdown\">\n      <a class=\"dropdown-toggle\"\n         data-toggle=\"dropdown\"\n         href=\"#\" alt=\"controls\">\n          <i class=\"fa fa-reorder\" alt=\"controls\"></i>\n          <b class=\"caret\"></b>\n      </a>\n      <ul class=\"dropdown-menu\">\n        <li>\n          <a onclick=\"toggleAll()\">\n            <i class=\"fa fa-chevron-down fa-fw\"></i> Expand/Collapse All\n          </a>\n        </li>\n        <li>\n          <a download=\"download\" href=\"data:text/bibtex;base64,@article{wu_fire_2025,
	title = {Fire behavior of thermally modified pine ({Pinus} sylvestris) treated with {DMDHEU} and flame retardants: from small scale to {SBI} tests},
	volume = {0},
	copyright = {De Gruyter expressly reserves the right to use all content for commercial text and data mining within the meaning of Section 44b of the German Copyright Act.},
	issn = {1437-434X},
	shorttitle = {Fire behavior of thermally modified pine ({Pinus} sylvestris) treated with {DMDHEU} and flame retardants},
	url = {https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/hf-2025-0021/html},
	doi = {10.1515/hf-2025-0021},
	abstract = {In this study, thermally modified Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) was impregnated with DMDHEU (1,3-dimethylol-4,5-dihydroxyethyleneurea) monomers combined with a flame retardant (FR) based on monoguanidine phosphate salt. Fire performance was assessed using ignitability tests (ISO 11925-2, 2020), mass loss calorimetry test (ISO 13927, 2015), and single burning item (SBI) tests (EN 13823, 2020). Results showed enhanced flame retardancy, reaching Class B in the SBI test. Small-scale ignitability tests revealed minor differences in flame spread across samples, unlike the SBI results. Fire growth rate and ignition time from mass loss calorimetry strongly correlated with burning suppression in the SBI test.},
	language = {en},
	number = {0},
	urldate = {2025-04-25},
	journal = {Holzforschung},
	author = {Wu, Muting and Hötte, Christoph and Karthäuser, Johannes and Militz, Holger},
	month = apr,
	year = {2025},
	note = {Publisher: De Gruyter
Section: Holzforschung},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/home/maicher/Zotero/storage/YQQDMZXV/Wu et al. - 2025 - Fire behavior of thermally modified pine (Pinus sy.pdf:application/pdf},
}



@article{hotte_esterification_2024,
	title = {Esterification of wood with citric acid and sorbitol: effect of the copolymer on the properties of the modified wood. {Part} 1: macroscopic changes, fixation of chemicals and impact bending properties},
	volume = {78},
	issn = {0018-3830, 1437-434X},
	shorttitle = {Esterification of wood with citric acid and sorbitol},
	url = {https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/hf-2024-0070/html},
	doi = {10.1515/hf-2024-0070},
	abstract = {Wood modiﬁcation processes based on citric acid in combination with various copolymers have gained in importance in recent years. These processes also include modiﬁcation with citric acid (CA) and sorbitol, a sugar alcohol, which is currently in the industrial realisation phase in Germany (SorCA) and Norway (CIOL). The modiﬁcation of wood with sorbitol and citric acid (SorCA) can signiﬁcantly improve the dimensional stability and durability of the wood. It is hypothesised that the addition of a copolymer may improve the ﬁxation of the chemicals within as well as the ﬂexibility of the modiﬁed wood matrix. In this study, the macroscopic changes, the ﬁxation of the chemicals and the impact bending properties of wood modiﬁed with CA and SorCA are compared. Both modiﬁcations cause a permanent increase in mass (WPG) and volume (CWB). The ﬁxation of the chemicals was comparable for both modiﬁcations; at high chemical concentrations, the SorCA polyester ﬁxed slightly better within the wood matrix. Both modiﬁcations led to embrittlement of the wood, measured by a decrease in the impact bending strength (IBS). This embrittlement was clearly concentration-dependent and slightly more pronounced for the modiﬁcation with CA.},
	language = {en},
	number = {11-12},
	urldate = {2024-12-16},
	journal = {Holzforschung},
	author = {Hötte, Christoph and Militz, Holger},
	month = dec,
	year = {2024},
	pages = {673--682},
	file = {Hötte and Militz - 2024 - Esterification of wood with citric acid and sorbit.pdf:/home/maicher/Zotero/storage/WBBU678Z/Hötte and Militz - 2024 - Esterification of wood with citric acid and sorbit.pdf:application/pdf},
}



@inproceedings{hotte_modification_2024,
	address = {Sopron, Hungary,},
	title = {Modification of different {European} hardwood species with a bio-based thermosetting resin on a semi-industrial scale},
	volume = {11},
	booktitle = {11th {Hardwood} {Conference} {Proceedings}},
	publisher = {University of Sopron Press},
	author = {Hötte, Christoph and Militz, Holger},
	month = may,
	year = {2024},
	pages = {557--563},
}



@inproceedings{rabke_investigation_2023,
	address = {Ås, Norway},
	title = {Investigation of oil curing as an alternative curing procedure for {Scots} pine modified with sorbitol and citric acid},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 19th {Meeting} of the {Northern} {European} {Network} for {Wood} {Science} and {Engineering} ({WSE})},
	author = {Rabke, Joshua and Hötte, Christoph and Militz, Holger},
	month = oct,
	year = {2023},
	pages = {13--15},
}



@techreport{hotte_holzmodifizierung_2022,
	address = {Göttingen, Germany},
	type = {Master thesis},
	title = {Holzmodifizierung mit {Zitronensäure} und {Zuckeralkoholen} – {Optimierung} des {Trocknungs}- und {Aushärtungsprozesses}},
	language = {ger de},
	institution = {Wood Biology and Wood Products, Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology,University of Goettingen},
	author = {Hötte, Christoph},
	month = nov,
	year = {2022},
	pages = {152},
	file = {Hötte - 2022 - Holzmodifizierung mit Zitronensäure und Zuckeralko.pdf:/home/maicher/Zotero/storage/CIY9IALI/Hötte - 2022 - Holzmodifizierung mit Zitronensäure und Zuckeralko.pdf:application/pdf},
}



@article{martin_investigating_2025,
	title = {Investigating the {Efficacy} of {Established} {Chemical} {Wood} {Modifications} on {Large}-{Diameter} {Pine}: {Durability} {Against} {Basidiomycetes}},
	volume = {18},
	copyright = {https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/},
	issn = {1996-1944},
	shorttitle = {Investigating the {Efficacy} of {Established} {Chemical} {Wood} {Modifications} on {Large}-{Diameter} {Pine}},
	url = {https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/18/13/2985},
	doi = {10.3390/ma18132985},
	abstract = {In Germany, Pinus sylvestris is a dominant tree species, and many trees with large diameters are not utilised due to difficulties with processing. However, older pines have larger volumes of sapwood, and boards with a high sapwood content can be produced. The durability of boards from large-diameter ({\textgreater}50 cm) P. sylvestris trees, treated with furfurylation, acetylation, DMDHEU (1.3-dimethylol-4.5-dihydroxyethyleneurea), and SorCA (Sorbitol/Citric Acid), was assessed. The samples were taken from different sections along the longitudinal axis and the cross-section. The durability was tested against Coniophora puteana, Rhodonia placenta, and Trametes versicolor, according to the EN 113-2 standard. All treatments had a median mass loss {\textless} 5\%, so classed as “highly durable” (Durability Class 1) against all fungi. DMDHEU had a large deviation in mass loss against Coniophora puteana and could potentially be classified as “moderately durable” (Durability Class 3), if based on the mean mass loss. The inner part of the end section had a higher mass loss, indicating that there was poorer retention of the treatment at this location. Overall, chemical modifications on large-diameter pine trees were effective at increasing durability. Utilising large-diameter pine trees can help to make use of regional resources and potentially reduce reliance on imported timber. With favourable mechanical properties and easy-to-treat sapwood, large-diameter P. sylvestris trees could be used for commercial treatments.},
	language = {en},
	number = {13},
	urldate = {2025-06-25},
	journal = {Materials},
	author = {Martin, Lucy S. and Stolze, Hannes and Hötte, Christoph and Militz, Holger},
	month = jun,
	year = {2025},
	pages = {2985},
	file = {PDF:/home/maicher/Zotero/storage/C2R3QCT9/Martin et al. - 2025 - Investigating the Efficacy of Established Chemical Wood Modifications on Large-Diameter Pine Durabi.pdf:application/pdf},
}
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April 2025.\n  <span class=\"note\">Publisher: De Gruyter Section: Holzforschung</span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/hf-2025-0021/html\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('wu-htte-karthuser-militz-firebehaviorofthermallymodifiedpinepinussylvestristreatedwithdmdheuandflameretardantsfromsmallscaletosbitests-2025', 'https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/hf-2025-0021/html', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"Fire behavior of thermally modified pine (Pinus sylvestris) treated with DMDHEU and flame retardants: from small scale to SBI tests [link]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.1515/hf-2025-0021\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('wu-htte-karthuser-militz-firebehaviorofthermallymodifiedpinepinussylvestristreatedwithdmdheuandflameretardantsfromsmallscaletosbitests-2025', 'http://doi.org/10.1515/hf-2025-0021', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/wu-htte-karthuser-militz-firebehaviorofthermallymodifiedpinepinussylvestristreatedwithdmdheuandflameretardantsfromsmallscaletosbitests-2025\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('wu-htte-karthuser-militz-firebehaviorofthermallymodifiedpinepinussylvestristreatedwithdmdheuandflameretardantsfromsmallscaletosbitests-2025')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{wu_fire_2025,\n\ttitle = {Fire behavior of thermally modified pine ({Pinus} sylvestris) treated with {DMDHEU} and flame retardants: from small scale to {SBI} tests},\n\tvolume = {0},\n\tcopyright = {De Gruyter expressly reserves the right to use all content for commercial text and data mining within the meaning of Section 44b of the German Copyright Act.},\n\tissn = {1437-434X},\n\tshorttitle = {Fire behavior of thermally modified pine ({Pinus} sylvestris) treated with {DMDHEU} and flame retardants},\n\turl = {https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/hf-2025-0021/html},\n\tdoi = {10.1515/hf-2025-0021},\n\tabstract = {In this study, thermally modified Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) was impregnated with DMDHEU (1,3-dimethylol-4,5-dihydroxyethyleneurea) monomers combined with a flame retardant (FR) based on monoguanidine phosphate salt. Fire performance was assessed using ignitability tests (ISO 11925-2, 2020), mass loss calorimetry test (ISO 13927, 2015), and single burning item (SBI) tests (EN 13823, 2020). Results showed enhanced flame retardancy, reaching Class B in the SBI test. Small-scale ignitability tests revealed minor differences in flame spread across samples, unlike the SBI results. Fire growth rate and ignition time from mass loss calorimetry strongly correlated with burning suppression in the SBI test.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {0},\n\turldate = {2025-04-25},\n\tjournal = {Holzforschung},\n\tauthor = {Wu, Muting and Hötte, Christoph and Karthäuser, Johannes and Militz, Holger},\n\tmonth = apr,\n\tyear = {2025},\n\tnote = {Publisher: De Gruyter\nSection: Holzforschung},\n\tfile = {Full Text PDF:/home/maicher/Zotero/storage/YQQDMZXV/Wu et al. - 2025 - Fire behavior of thermally modified pine (Pinus sy.pdf:application/pdf},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  In this study, thermally modified Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) was impregnated with DMDHEU (1,3-dimethylol-4,5-dihydroxyethyleneurea) monomers combined with a flame retardant (FR) based on monoguanidine phosphate salt. Fire performance was assessed using ignitability tests (ISO 11925-2, 2020), mass loss calorimetry test (ISO 13927, 2015), and single burning item (SBI) tests (EN 13823, 2020). Results showed enhanced flame retardancy, reaching Class B in the SBI test. Small-scale ignitability tests revealed minor differences in flame spread across samples, unlike the SBI results. Fire growth rate and ignition time from mass loss calorimetry strongly correlated with burning suppression in the SBI test.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"martin-stolze-htte-militz-investigatingtheefficacyofestablishedchemicalwoodmodificationsonlargediameterpinedurabilityagainstbasidiomycetes-2025\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/18/13/2985\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'martin-stolze-htte-militz-investigatingtheefficacyofestablishedchemicalwoodmodificationsonlargediameterpinedurabilityagainstbasidiomycetes-2025', 'https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/18/13/2985', event);\">\n    Investigating the Efficacy of Established Chemical Wood Modifications on Large-Diameter Pine: Durability Against Basidiomycetes.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Martin, L. S.; Stolze, H.; <a class=\"bibbase author link\" href=\"https://glad.uni-goettingen.de/de/677683.html\">Hötte, C.</a>;  and Militz, H.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>Materials</i>, 18(13): 2985. June 2025.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/18/13/2985\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('martin-stolze-htte-militz-investigatingtheefficacyofestablishedchemicalwoodmodificationsonlargediameterpinedurabilityagainstbasidiomycetes-2025', 'https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/18/13/2985', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"Investigating the Efficacy of Established Chemical Wood Modifications on Large-Diameter Pine: Durability Against Basidiomycetes [link]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.3390/ma18132985\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('martin-stolze-htte-militz-investigatingtheefficacyofestablishedchemicalwoodmodificationsonlargediameterpinedurabilityagainstbasidiomycetes-2025', 'http://doi.org/10.3390/ma18132985', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/martin-stolze-htte-militz-investigatingtheefficacyofestablishedchemicalwoodmodificationsonlargediameterpinedurabilityagainstbasidiomycetes-2025\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('martin-stolze-htte-militz-investigatingtheefficacyofestablishedchemicalwoodmodificationsonlargediameterpinedurabilityagainstbasidiomycetes-2025')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{martin_investigating_2025,\n\ttitle = {Investigating the {Efficacy} of {Established} {Chemical} {Wood} {Modifications} on {Large}-{Diameter} {Pine}: {Durability} {Against} {Basidiomycetes}},\n\tvolume = {18},\n\tcopyright = {https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/},\n\tissn = {1996-1944},\n\tshorttitle = {Investigating the {Efficacy} of {Established} {Chemical} {Wood} {Modifications} on {Large}-{Diameter} {Pine}},\n\turl = {https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/18/13/2985},\n\tdoi = {10.3390/ma18132985},\n\tabstract = {In Germany, Pinus sylvestris is a dominant tree species, and many trees with large diameters are not utilised due to difficulties with processing. However, older pines have larger volumes of sapwood, and boards with a high sapwood content can be produced. The durability of boards from large-diameter ({\\textgreater}50 cm) P. sylvestris trees, treated with furfurylation, acetylation, DMDHEU (1.3-dimethylol-4.5-dihydroxyethyleneurea), and SorCA (Sorbitol/Citric Acid), was assessed. The samples were taken from different sections along the longitudinal axis and the cross-section. The durability was tested against Coniophora puteana, Rhodonia placenta, and Trametes versicolor, according to the EN 113-2 standard. All treatments had a median mass loss {\\textless} 5\\%, so classed as “highly durable” (Durability Class 1) against all fungi. DMDHEU had a large deviation in mass loss against Coniophora puteana and could potentially be classified as “moderately durable” (Durability Class 3), if based on the mean mass loss. The inner part of the end section had a higher mass loss, indicating that there was poorer retention of the treatment at this location. Overall, chemical modifications on large-diameter pine trees were effective at increasing durability. Utilising large-diameter pine trees can help to make use of regional resources and potentially reduce reliance on imported timber. With favourable mechanical properties and easy-to-treat sapwood, large-diameter P. sylvestris trees could be used for commercial treatments.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {13},\n\turldate = {2025-06-25},\n\tjournal = {Materials},\n\tauthor = {Martin, Lucy S. and Stolze, Hannes and Hötte, Christoph and Militz, Holger},\n\tmonth = jun,\n\tyear = {2025},\n\tpages = {2985},\n\tfile = {PDF:/home/maicher/Zotero/storage/C2R3QCT9/Martin et al. - 2025 - Investigating the Efficacy of Established Chemical Wood Modifications on Large-Diameter Pine Durabi.pdf:application/pdf},\n}\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  In Germany, Pinus sylvestris is a dominant tree species, and many trees with large diameters are not utilised due to difficulties with processing. However, older pines have larger volumes of sapwood, and boards with a high sapwood content can be produced. The durability of boards from large-diameter (\\textgreater50 cm) P. sylvestris trees, treated with furfurylation, acetylation, DMDHEU (1.3-dimethylol-4.5-dihydroxyethyleneurea), and SorCA (Sorbitol/Citric Acid), was assessed. The samples were taken from different sections along the longitudinal axis and the cross-section. The durability was tested against Coniophora puteana, Rhodonia placenta, and Trametes versicolor, according to the EN 113-2 standard. All treatments had a median mass loss \\textless 5%, so classed as “highly durable” (Durability Class 1) against all fungi. DMDHEU had a large deviation in mass loss against Coniophora puteana and could potentially be classified as “moderately durable” (Durability Class 3), if based on the mean mass loss. The inner part of the end section had a higher mass loss, indicating that there was poorer retention of the treatment at this location. Overall, chemical modifications on large-diameter pine trees were effective at increasing durability. Utilising large-diameter pine trees can help to make use of regional resources and potentially reduce reliance on imported timber. With favourable mechanical properties and easy-to-treat sapwood, large-diameter P. sylvestris trees could be used for commercial treatments.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_2024\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_2024')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_2024')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>2024</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (2)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"htte-militz-esterificationofwoodwithcitricacidandsorbitoleffectofthecopolymeronthepropertiesofthemodifiedwoodpart1macroscopicchangesfixationofchemicalsandimpactbendingproperties-2024\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  <a href=\"https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/hf-2024-0070/html\"\n     onclick=\"return trackOutboundLink('publications', 'click', 'htte-militz-esterificationofwoodwithcitricacidandsorbitoleffectofthecopolymeronthepropertiesofthemodifiedwoodpart1macroscopicchangesfixationofchemicalsandimpactbendingproperties-2024', 'https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/hf-2024-0070/html', event);\">\n    Esterification of wood with citric acid and sorbitol: effect of the copolymer on the properties of the modified wood. Part 1: macroscopic changes, fixation of chemicals and impact bending properties.\n  </a>\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  <a class=\"bibbase author link\" href=\"https://glad.uni-goettingen.de/de/677683.html\">Hötte, C.</a>;  and Militz, H.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  <i>Holzforschung</i>, 78(11-12): 673–682. December 2024.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/hf-2024-0070/html\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('htte-militz-esterificationofwoodwithcitricacidandsorbitoleffectofthecopolymeronthepropertiesofthemodifiedwoodpart1macroscopicchangesfixationofchemicalsandimpactbendingproperties-2024', 'https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/hf-2024-0070/html', event.ctrlKey, event)\">\n    <img src=\"//bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg\"\n\t     alt=\"Esterification of wood with citric acid and sorbitol: effect of the copolymer on the properties of the modified wood. Part 1: macroscopic changes, fixation of chemicals and impact bending properties [link]\"\n       title=\"Paper\"\n\t     class=\"bibbase_icon\"\n         ><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Paper</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"http://doi.org/10.1515/hf-2024-0070\"\n     onclick=\"log_download('htte-militz-esterificationofwoodwithcitricacidandsorbitoleffectofthecopolymeronthepropertiesofthemodifiedwoodpart1macroscopicchangesfixationofchemicalsandimpactbendingproperties-2024', 'http://doi.org/10.1515/hf-2024-0070', event.ctrlKey)\"\n     class=\"bibbase doi link\">\n    <span>doi</span></a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/htte-militz-esterificationofwoodwithcitricacidandsorbitoleffectofthecopolymeronthepropertiesofthemodifiedwoodpart1macroscopicchangesfixationofchemicalsandimpactbendingproperties-2024\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n  &nbsp;\n  <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n     href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showAbstract(event); return false;\">\n    abstract <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('htte-militz-esterificationofwoodwithcitricacidandsorbitoleffectofthecopolymeronthepropertiesofthemodifiedwoodpart1macroscopicchangesfixationofchemicalsandimpactbendingproperties-2024')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@article{hotte_esterification_2024,\n\ttitle = {Esterification of wood with citric acid and sorbitol: effect of the copolymer on the properties of the modified wood. {Part} 1: macroscopic changes, fixation of chemicals and impact bending properties},\n\tvolume = {78},\n\tissn = {0018-3830, 1437-434X},\n\tshorttitle = {Esterification of wood with citric acid and sorbitol},\n\turl = {https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/hf-2024-0070/html},\n\tdoi = {10.1515/hf-2024-0070},\n\tabstract = {Wood modification processes based on citric acid in combination with various copolymers have gained in importance in recent years. These processes also include modification with citric acid (CA) and sorbitol, a sugar alcohol, which is currently in the industrial realisation phase in Germany (SorCA) and Norway (CIOL). The modification of wood with sorbitol and citric acid (SorCA) can significantly improve the dimensional stability and durability of the wood. It is hypothesised that the addition of a copolymer may improve the fixation of the chemicals within as well as the flexibility of the modified wood matrix. In this study, the macroscopic changes, the fixation of the chemicals and the impact bending properties of wood modified with CA and SorCA are compared. Both modifications cause a permanent increase in mass (WPG) and volume (CWB). The fixation of the chemicals was comparable for both modifications; at high chemical concentrations, the SorCA polyester fixed slightly better within the wood matrix. Both modifications led to embrittlement of the wood, measured by a decrease in the impact bending strength (IBS). This embrittlement was clearly concentration-dependent and slightly more pronounced for the modification with CA.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {11-12},\n\turldate = {2024-12-16},\n\tjournal = {Holzforschung},\n\tauthor = {Hötte, Christoph and Militz, Holger},\n\tmonth = dec,\n\tyear = {2024},\n\tpages = {673--682},\n\tfile = {Hötte and Militz - 2024 - Esterification of wood with citric acid and sorbit.pdf:/home/maicher/Zotero/storage/WBBU678Z/Hötte and Militz - 2024 - Esterification of wood with citric acid and sorbit.pdf:application/pdf},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"abstract\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  Wood modification processes based on citric acid in combination with various copolymers have gained in importance in recent years. These processes also include modification with citric acid (CA) and sorbitol, a sugar alcohol, which is currently in the industrial realisation phase in Germany (SorCA) and Norway (CIOL). The modification of wood with sorbitol and citric acid (SorCA) can significantly improve the dimensional stability and durability of the wood. It is hypothesised that the addition of a copolymer may improve the fixation of the chemicals within as well as the flexibility of the modified wood matrix. In this study, the macroscopic changes, the fixation of the chemicals and the impact bending properties of wood modified with CA and SorCA are compared. Both modifications cause a permanent increase in mass (WPG) and volume (CWB). The fixation of the chemicals was comparable for both modifications; at high chemical concentrations, the SorCA polyester fixed slightly better within the wood matrix. Both modifications led to embrittlement of the wood, measured by a decrease in the impact bending strength (IBS). This embrittlement was clearly concentration-dependent and slightly more pronounced for the modification with CA.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"htte-militz-modificationofdifferenteuropeanhardwoodspecieswithabiobasedthermosettingresinonasemiindustrialscale-2024\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  Modification of different European hardwood species with a bio-based thermosetting resin on a semi-industrial scale.\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  <a class=\"bibbase author link\" href=\"https://glad.uni-goettingen.de/de/677683.html\">Hötte, C.</a>;  and Militz, H.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  In <i>11th Hardwood Conference Proceedings</i>, volume 11, pages 557–563, Sopron, Hungary,, May 2024. University of Sopron Press\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/htte-militz-modificationofdifferenteuropeanhardwoodspecieswithabiobasedthermosettingresinonasemiindustrialscale-2024\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('htte-militz-modificationofdifferenteuropeanhardwoodspecieswithabiobasedthermosettingresinonasemiindustrialscale-2024')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@inproceedings{hotte_modification_2024,\n\taddress = {Sopron, Hungary,},\n\ttitle = {Modification of different {European} hardwood species with a bio-based thermosetting resin on a semi-industrial scale},\n\tvolume = {11},\n\tbooktitle = {11th {Hardwood} {Conference} {Proceedings}},\n\tpublisher = {University of Sopron Press},\n\tauthor = {Hötte, Christoph and Militz, Holger},\n\tmonth = may,\n\tyear = {2024},\n\tpages = {557--563},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_2023\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_2023')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_2023')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>2023</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (1)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"rabke-htte-militz-investigationofoilcuringasanalternativecuringprocedureforscotspinemodifiedwithsorbitolandcitricacid-2023\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  Investigation of oil curing as an alternative curing procedure for Scots pine modified with sorbitol and citric acid.\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  Rabke, J.; <a class=\"bibbase author link\" href=\"https://glad.uni-goettingen.de/de/677683.html\">Hötte, C.</a>;  and Militz, H.\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  In <i>Proceedings of the 19th Meeting of the Northern European Network for Wood Science and Engineering (WSE)</i>, pages 13–15, Ås, Norway, October 2023. \n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/rabke-htte-militz-investigationofoilcuringasanalternativecuringprocedureforscotspinemodifiedwithsorbitolandcitricacid-2023\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('rabke-htte-militz-investigationofoilcuringasanalternativecuringprocedureforscotspinemodifiedwithsorbitolandcitricacid-2023')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@inproceedings{rabke_investigation_2023,\n\taddress = {Ås, Norway},\n\ttitle = {Investigation of oil curing as an alternative curing procedure for {Scots} pine modified with sorbitol and citric acid},\n\tbooktitle = {Proceedings of the 19th {Meeting} of the {Northern} {European} {Network} for {Wood} {Science} and {Engineering} ({WSE})},\n\tauthor = {Rabke, Joshua and Hötte, Christoph and Militz, Holger},\n\tmonth = oct,\n\tyear = {2023},\n\tpages = {13--15},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n  <div class=\"bibbase_group_whole\" id=\"group_2022\">\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group\"\n      onclick=\"toggleGroup('group_2022')\"\n      onkeypress=\"toggleGroup('group_2022')\"\n      tabindex=\"0\">\n      <i class=\"fa fa-angle-down bibbase_group_head_icon\"></i>&nbsp;\n      <span>2022</span>\n      <span class=\"bibbase_group_count\">\n        \n        (1)\n        \n      </span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"bibbase_group_body\">\n      \n  \n  <div class=\"bibbase_paper\" id=\"htte-holzmodifizierungmitzitronensureundzuckeralkoholenoptimierungdestrocknungsundaushrtungsprozesses-2022\">\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\n  \n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\">\n  \n  \n  \n  Holzmodifizierung mit Zitronensäure und Zuckeralkoholen – Optimierung des Trocknungs- und Aushärtungsprozesses.\n  \n  \n  \n</span>\n\n  <span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\n  <a class=\"bibbase author link\" href=\"https://glad.uni-goettingen.de/de/677683.html\">Hötte, C.</a>\n</span>\n\n  \n\n</span>\n\n  Technical Report Wood Biology and Wood Products, Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology,University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany, November 2022.\n  <span class=\"note\"></span>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_note\"></span>\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content dontprint\">\n\n  \n\n  \n\n  \n  <a href=\"//bibbase.org/network/publication/htte-holzmodifizierungmitzitronensureundzuckeralkoholenoptimierungdestrocknungsundaushrtungsprozesses-2022\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibbase_page link\">link</a>\n  &nbsp;\n  \n\n  <a href=\"#\"\n     onclick=\"showBib(event); return false;\"\n     class=\"bibbase bibtex link\">bibtex\n    <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n\n  \n\n  \n\n  <!-- <a class=\"bibbase read link hidden\" -->\n  <!--    href=\"javascript:toggleRead('htte-holzmodifizierungmitzitronensureundzuckeralkoholenoptimierungdestrocknungsundaushrtungsprozesses-2022')\" -->\n  <!--    title=\"Marking this paper as read adds it to your library on BibBase.\" -->\n  <!--    > -->\n  <!--   <i class=\"fa fa-check\"></i>&nbsp; -->\n  <!--   <span>mark as read</span> -->\n  <!-- </a> -->\n\n  &nbsp;\n  \n  \n\n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" data-type=\"bibtex\"\n     style=\"display:none\">\n  <pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">@techreport{hotte_holzmodifizierung_2022,\n\taddress = {Göttingen, Germany},\n\ttype = {Master thesis},\n\ttitle = {Holzmodifizierung mit {Zitronensäure} und {Zuckeralkoholen} – {Optimierung} des {Trocknungs}- und {Aushärtungsprozesses}},\n\tlanguage = {ger de},\n\tinstitution = {Wood Biology and Wood Products, Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology,University of Goettingen},\n\tauthor = {Hötte, Christoph},\n\tmonth = nov,\n\tyear = {2022},\n\tpages = {152},\n\tfile = {Hötte - 2022 - Holzmodifizierung mit Zitronensäure und Zuckeralko.pdf:/home/maicher/Zotero/storage/CIY9IALI/Hötte - 2022 - Holzmodifizierung mit Zitronensäure und Zuckeralko.pdf:application/pdf},\n}\n\n</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n    </div>\n  </div>\n\n\n\n\n  </div>\n\n\n  <!-- Modal -->\n\n  <!-- <iframe id=\"bibbase_network_frame\" -->\n  <!--         src=\"//bibbase.org/network/control\" -->\n  <!--         style=\"display: none;\"> -->\n  <!-- </iframe> -->\n\n</div>\n"}; document.write(bibbase_data.data);