Innate immunity activation on biomaterial surfaces: a mechanistic model and coping strategies. Ekdahl, N, K., Lambris, D, J., Elwing, H., Ricklin, D., Nilsson, H, P., Teramura, Y., Nicholls, A, I., & Nilsson, B. Advanced drug delivery reviews, 63(12):1042--50, September, 2011.
Innate immunity activation on biomaterial surfaces: a mechanistic model and coping strategies. [link]Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   
When an artificial biomaterial (e.g., a stent or implantable pump) is exposed to blood, plasma proteins immediately adhere to the surface, creating a new interface between the biomaterial and the blood. The recognition proteins within the complement and contact activation/coagulation cascade systems of the blood will be bound to, or inserted into, this protein film and generate different mediators that will activate polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes, as well as platelets. Under clinical conditions, the ultimate outcome of these processes may be thrombotic and inflammatory reactions, and consequently the composition and conformation of the proteins in the initial layer formed on the surface will to a large extent determine the outcome of a treatment involving the biomaterial, affecting both the functionality of the material and the patient's life quality. This review presents models of biomaterial-induced activation processes and describes various strategies to attenuate potential adverse reactions by conjugating bioactive molecules to surfaces or by introducing nanostructures.
@article{ Ekdahl2011,
  abstract = {When an artificial biomaterial (e.g., a stent or implantable pump) is exposed to blood, plasma proteins immediately adhere to the surface, creating a new interface between the biomaterial and the blood. The recognition proteins within the complement and contact activation/coagulation cascade systems of the blood will be bound to, or inserted into, this protein film and generate different mediators that will activate polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes, as well as platelets. Under clinical conditions, the ultimate outcome of these processes may be thrombotic and inflammatory reactions, and consequently the composition and conformation of the proteins in the initial layer formed on the surface will to a large extent determine the outcome of a treatment involving the biomaterial, affecting both the functionality of the material and the patient's life quality. This review presents models of biomaterial-induced activation processes and describes various strategies to attenuate potential adverse reactions by conjugating bioactive molecules to surfaces or by introducing nanostructures.},
  author = {Ekdahl, Kristina N and Lambris, John D and Elwing, Hans and Ricklin, Daniel and Nilsson, Per H and Teramura, Yuji and Nicholls, Ian A and Nilsson, Bo},
  doi = {10.1016/j.addr.2011.06.012},
  file = {:Users/ricklin/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Ekdahl et al. - 2011 - Innate immunity activation on biomaterial surfaces a mechanistic model and coping strategies.pdf:pdf},
  issn = {1872-8294},
  journal = {Advanced drug delivery reviews},
  keywords = {Animals,Biocompatible Materials,Biocompatible Materials: adverse effects,Biocompatible Materials: pharmacology,Complement Activation,Complement Activation: drug effects,Complement Activation: immunology,Humans,Immunity, Innate,Immunity, Innate: drug effects,Immunity, Innate: immunology,Immunoconjugates,Immunoconjugates: administration \& dosage,Immunoconjugates: immunology,Models, Immunological,Nanostructures,Nanostructures: administration \& dosage,Nanostructures: adverse effects},
  month = {September},
  number = {12},
  pages = {1042--50},
  pmid = {21771620},
  title = {{Innate immunity activation on biomaterial surfaces: a mechanistic model and coping strategies.}},
  url = {http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=3166435\&tool=pmcentrez\&rendertype=abstract},
  volume = {63},
  year = {2011}
}

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