A new approach for improving exchange-spring magnets

A new approach for improving exchange-spring magnets. Jiang, S, J., Pearson, E, J., Liu, Y, Z., Kabius, B., Trasobares, S., Miller, J, D., Bader, D, S., Lee, R, D., Haskel, D., Srajer, G., Liu, & P, J. Journal of Applied Physics, Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, United States, 2005.

Paper abstract bibtex

It is demonstrated here that an already ideal exchange-spring magnet can be further improved by intermixing the interface. This is counter-intuitive to the general expectation that optimal exchange-spring magnet behavior requires an ideal, atomically coherent soft-hard interface. Epitaxial Sm-Co/Fe thin-film exchange-spring bilayers are thermally processed, by annealing or high-temperature deposition, to induce interdiffusion. With increasing processing temperature, the hysteresis loop becomes more single-phase-like, yet the magnetization remains fully reversible. The interface is characterized via synchrotron x-ray scattering and electron microscopy elemental mapping. The magnetization behavior is modeled by assuming a graded interface where the material parameters vary continuously. The simulations produce demagnetization curves similar to experimental observations. © 2005 American Institute of Physics.

@article{ Jiang2005,
  abstract = {It is demonstrated here that an already ideal exchange-spring magnet can be further improved by intermixing the interface. This is counter-intuitive to the general expectation that optimal exchange-spring magnet behavior requires an ideal, atomically coherent soft-hard interface. Epitaxial Sm-Co/Fe thin-film exchange-spring bilayers are thermally processed, by annealing or high-temperature deposition, to induce interdiffusion. With increasing processing temperature, the hysteresis loop becomes more single-phase-like, yet the magnetization remains fully reversible. The interface is characterized via synchrotron x-ray scattering and electron microscopy elemental mapping. The magnetization behavior is modeled by assuming a graded interface where the material parameters vary continuously. The simulations produce demagnetization curves similar to experimental observations. © 2005 American Institute of Physics.},
  address = {Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, United States},
  annote = {Cited By (since 1996): 34

Export Date: 15 January 2013

Source: Scopus

Art. No.: 10K311

CODEN: JAPIA

doi: 10.1063/1.1855032

Language of Original Document: English

Correspondence Address: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, United States

References: Kneller, E.F., Hawig, R., (1991) IEEE Trans. Magn., 27, p. 3588; 
Hadjipanayis, G.C., (1999) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 200, p. 373; 
Zern, A., Seeger, M., Bauer, J., Kronmüller, H., (1998) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 184, p. 89; 
Gutfleisch, O., (2000) J. Phys. D, 33, p. 157; 
Fischer, R., Kronmüller, H., (1998) J. Appl. Phys., 83, p. 3271; 
Nagahama, T., Mibu, K., Shinjo, T., (1998) J. Phys. D, 31, p. 43; 
Goto, E., Hayashi, N., Miyashita, T., Nakagawa, K., (1965) J. Appl. Phys., 36, p. 2951; 
Kim, J., Barmark, K., De Graef, M., Lewis, L.H., Crew, D.C., (2000) J. Appl. Phys., 87, p. 6140; 
Crew, D.C., Kim, J., Lewis, L.H., Barmak, K., (2001) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 233, p. 257; 
Fullerton, E.E., Jiang, J.S., Rehm, C., Sowers, C.H., Bader, S.D., Patel, J.B., Wu, X.Z., (1997) Appl. Phys. Lett., 71, p. 1579; 
Fullerton, E.E., Jiang, J.S., Bader, S.D., (1999) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 200, p. 392; 
Pechan, M.J., Teng, N., Stewart, J.-D., Zachary, H.J., Fullerton, E.E., Jiang, J.S., Sowers, C.H., Bader, S.D., (2000) J. Appl. Phys., 87, p. 6686},
  author = {Jiang, J S and Pearson, J E and Liu, Z Y and Kabius, B and Trasobares, S and Miller, D J and Bader, S D and Lee, D R and Haskel, D and Srajer, G and Liu, J P},
  issn = {00218979 (ISSN) },
  journal = {Journal of Applied Physics},
  keywords = {Computer simulation,Diffusion,Exchange-spring magnets,Interfaces (materials),Intermixing,Magnetic anisotropy,Magnetization,Magnets,Scanning electron microscopy,Spring magnets,Synchrotron radiation,Thin films,X ray scattering},
  number = {10},
  title = {{A new approach for improving exchange-spring magnets}},
  url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-20944450728\&partnerID=40\&md5=da4d01f422253be2d344db727335a801},
  volume = {97},
  year = {2005}
}

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This is counter-intuitive to the general expectation that optimal exchange-spring magnet behavior requires an ideal, atomically coherent soft-hard interface. Epitaxial Sm-Co/Fe thin-film exchange-spring bilayers are thermally processed, by annealing or high-temperature deposition, to induce interdiffusion. With increasing processing temperature, the hysteresis loop becomes more single-phase-like, yet the magnetization remains fully reversible. The interface is characterized via synchrotron x-ray scattering and electron microscopy elemental mapping. The magnetization behavior is modeled by assuming a graded interface where the material parameters vary continuously. The simulations produce demagnetization curves similar to experimental observations. © 2005 American Institute of Physics.},\n address = {Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, United States},\n annote = {Cited By (since 1996): 34\n\nExport Date: 15 January 2013\n\nSource: Scopus\n\nArt. No.: 10K311\n\nCODEN: JAPIA\n\ndoi: 10.1063/1.1855032\n\nLanguage of Original Document: English\n\nCorrespondence Address: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, United States\n\nReferences: Kneller, E.F., Hawig, R., (1991) IEEE Trans. Magn., 27, p. 3588; \nHadjipanayis, G.C., (1999) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 200, p. 373; \nZern, A., Seeger, M., Bauer, J., Kronmüller, H., (1998) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 184, p. 89; \nGutfleisch, O., (2000) J. Phys. D, 33, p. 157; \nFischer, R., Kronmüller, H., (1998) J. Appl. Phys., 83, p. 3271; \nNagahama, T., Mibu, K., Shinjo, T., (1998) J. Phys. D, 31, p. 43; \nGoto, E., Hayashi, N., Miyashita, T., Nakagawa, K., (1965) J. Appl. Phys., 36, p. 2951; \nKim, J., Barmark, K., De Graef, M., Lewis, L.H., Crew, D.C., (2000) J. Appl. Phys., 87, p. 6140; \nCrew, D.C., Kim, J., Lewis, L.H., Barmak, K., (2001) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 233, p. 257; \nFullerton, E.E., Jiang, J.S., Rehm, C., Sowers, C.H., Bader, S.D., Patel, J.B., Wu, X.Z., (1997) Appl. Phys. Lett., 71, p. 1579; \nFullerton, E.E., Jiang, J.S., Bader, S.D., (1999) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 200, p. 392; \nPechan, M.J., Teng, N., Stewart, J.-D., Zachary, H.J., Fullerton, E.E., Jiang, J.S., Sowers, C.H., Bader, S.D., (2000) J. Appl. Phys., 87, p. 6686},\n author = {Jiang, J S and Pearson, J E and Liu, Z Y and Kabius, B and Trasobares, S and Miller, D J and Bader, S D and Lee, D R and Haskel, D and Srajer, G and Liu, J P},\n issn = {00218979 (ISSN) },\n journal = {Journal of Applied Physics},\n keywords = {Computer simulation,Diffusion,Exchange-spring magnets,Interfaces (materials),Intermixing,Magnetic anisotropy,Magnetization,Magnets,Scanning electron microscopy,Spring magnets,Synchrotron radiation,Thin films,X ray scattering},\n number = {10},\n title = {{A new approach for improving exchange-spring magnets}},\n url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-20944450728\\&partnerID=40\\&md5=da4d01f422253be2d344db727335a801},\n volume = {97},\n year = {2005}\n}</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" id=\"abstract_Jiang2005\"\n style=\"display:none\">\n It is demonstrated here that an already ideal exchange-spring magnet can be further improved by intermixing the interface. This is counter-intuitive to the general expectation that optimal exchange-spring magnet behavior requires an ideal, atomically coherent soft-hard interface. Epitaxial Sm-Co/Fe thin-film exchange-spring bilayers are thermally processed, by annealing or high-temperature deposition, to induce interdiffusion. With increasing processing temperature, the hysteresis loop becomes more single-phase-like, yet the magnetization remains fully reversible. The interface is characterized via synchrotron x-ray scattering and electron microscopy elemental mapping. The magnetization behavior is modeled by assuming a graded interface where the material parameters vary continuously. The simulations produce demagnetization curves similar to experimental observations. © 2005 American Institute of Physics.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n","downloads":0,"keyword":["Computer simulation","Diffusion","Exchange-spring magnets","Interfaces (materials)","Intermixing","Magnetic anisotropy","Magnetization","Magnets","Scanning electron microscopy","Spring magnets","Synchrotron radiation","Thin films","X ray scattering"],"abstract":"It is demonstrated here that an already ideal exchange-spring magnet can be further improved by intermixing the interface. This is counter-intuitive to the general expectation that optimal exchange-spring magnet behavior requires an ideal, atomically coherent soft-hard interface. Epitaxial Sm-Co/Fe thin-film exchange-spring bilayers are thermally processed, by annealing or high-temperature deposition, to induce interdiffusion. With increasing processing temperature, the hysteresis loop becomes more single-phase-like, yet the magnetization remains fully reversible. The interface is characterized via synchrotron x-ray scattering and electron microscopy elemental mapping. The magnetization behavior is modeled by assuming a graded interface where the material parameters vary continuously. The simulations produce demagnetization curves similar to experimental observations. © 2005 American Institute of Physics.","address":"Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, United States","annote":"Cited By (since 1996): 34 Export Date: 15 January 2013 Source: Scopus Art. No.: 10K311 CODEN: JAPIA doi: 10.1063/1.1855032 Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, United States References: Kneller, E.F., Hawig, R., (1991) IEEE Trans. Magn., 27, p. 3588; Hadjipanayis, G.C., (1999) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 200, p. 373; Zern, A., Seeger, M., Bauer, J., Kronmüller, H., (1998) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 184, p. 89; Gutfleisch, O., (2000) J. Phys. D, 33, p. 157; Fischer, R., Kronmüller, H., (1998) J. Appl. Phys., 83, p. 3271; Nagahama, T., Mibu, K., Shinjo, T., (1998) J. Phys. D, 31, p. 43; Goto, E., Hayashi, N., Miyashita, T., Nakagawa, K., (1965) J. Appl. Phys., 36, p. 2951; Kim, J., Barmark, K., De Graef, M., Lewis, L.H., Crew, D.C., (2000) J. Appl. Phys., 87, p. 6140; Crew, D.C., Kim, J., Lewis, L.H., Barmak, K., (2001) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 233, p. 257; Fullerton, E.E., Jiang, J.S., Rehm, C., Sowers, C.H., Bader, S.D., Patel, J.B., Wu, X.Z., (1997) Appl. Phys. Lett., 71, p. 1579; Fullerton, E.E., Jiang, J.S., Bader, S.D., (1999) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 200, p. 392; Pechan, M.J., Teng, N., Stewart, J.-D., Zachary, H.J., Fullerton, E.E., Jiang, J.S., Sowers, C.H., Bader, S.D., (2000) J. Appl. Phys., 87, p. 6686","author":["Jiang","S, J","Pearson","E, J","Liu","Y, Z","Kabius, B","Trasobares, S","Miller","J, D","Bader","D, S","Lee","R, D","Haskel, D","Srajer, G","Liu","P, J"],"author_short":["Jiang","S, J.","Pearson","E, J.","Liu","Y, Z.","Kabius, B.","Trasobares, S.","Miller","J, D.","Bader","D, S.","Lee","R, D.","Haskel, D.","Srajer, G.","Liu","P, J."],"bibtex":"@article{ Jiang2005,\n abstract = {It is demonstrated here that an already ideal exchange-spring magnet can be further improved by intermixing the interface. This is counter-intuitive to the general expectation that optimal exchange-spring magnet behavior requires an ideal, atomically coherent soft-hard interface. Epitaxial Sm-Co/Fe thin-film exchange-spring bilayers are thermally processed, by annealing or high-temperature deposition, to induce interdiffusion. With increasing processing temperature, the hysteresis loop becomes more single-phase-like, yet the magnetization remains fully reversible. The interface is characterized via synchrotron x-ray scattering and electron microscopy elemental mapping. The magnetization behavior is modeled by assuming a graded interface where the material parameters vary continuously. The simulations produce demagnetization curves similar to experimental observations. © 2005 American Institute of Physics.},\n address = {Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, United States},\n annote = {Cited By (since 1996): 34\n\nExport Date: 15 January 2013\n\nSource: Scopus\n\nArt. No.: 10K311\n\nCODEN: JAPIA\n\ndoi: 10.1063/1.1855032\n\nLanguage of Original Document: English\n\nCorrespondence Address: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, United States\n\nReferences: Kneller, E.F., Hawig, R., (1991) IEEE Trans. Magn., 27, p. 3588; \nHadjipanayis, G.C., (1999) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 200, p. 373; \nZern, A., Seeger, M., Bauer, J., Kronmüller, H., (1998) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 184, p. 89; \nGutfleisch, O., (2000) J. Phys. D, 33, p. 157; \nFischer, R., Kronmüller, H., (1998) J. Appl. Phys., 83, p. 3271; \nNagahama, T., Mibu, K., Shinjo, T., (1998) J. Phys. D, 31, p. 43; \nGoto, E., Hayashi, N., Miyashita, T., Nakagawa, K., (1965) J. Appl. Phys., 36, p. 2951; \nKim, J., Barmark, K., De Graef, M., Lewis, L.H., Crew, D.C., (2000) J. Appl. Phys., 87, p. 6140; \nCrew, D.C., Kim, J., Lewis, L.H., Barmak, K., (2001) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 233, p. 257; \nFullerton, E.E., Jiang, J.S., Rehm, C., Sowers, C.H., Bader, S.D., Patel, J.B., Wu, X.Z., (1997) Appl. Phys. Lett., 71, p. 1579; \nFullerton, E.E., Jiang, J.S., Bader, S.D., (1999) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 200, p. 392; \nPechan, M.J., Teng, N., Stewart, J.-D., Zachary, H.J., Fullerton, E.E., Jiang, J.S., Sowers, C.H., Bader, S.D., (2000) J. Appl. 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