3D flexible needle steering in soft-tissue phantoms using Fiber Bragg Grating sensors. Abayazid, M., Kemp, M., & Misra, S. In 2013 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, pages 5843–5849, May, 2013.
doi  abstract   bibtex   
Needle insertion procedures are commonly used for surgical interventions. In this paper, we develop a three-dimensional (3D) closed-loop control algorithm to robotically steer flexible needles with an asymmetric tip towards a target in a soft-tissue phantom. Twelve Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors are embedded on the needle shaft. FBG sensors measure the strain applied on the needle during insertion. A method is developed to reconstruct the needle shape using the strain data obtained from the FBG sensors. Four experimental cases are conducted to validate the reconstruction method (single-bend, double-bend, 3D double-bend and drilling insertions). In the experiments, the needle is inserted 120 mm into a soft-tissue phantom. Camera images are used as a reference for the reconstruction experiments. The results show that the mean needle tip accuracy of the reconstruction method is 1.8 mm. The reconstructed needle shape is used as feedback for the steering algorithm. The steering algorithm estimates the region that the needle can reach during insertion, and controls the needle to keep the target in this region. Steering experiments are performed for 110 mm insertion, and the mean targeting accuracy is 1.3 mm. The results demonstrate the capability of using FBG sensors to robotically steer needles.
@inproceedings{abayazid_3d_2013,
	title = {3D flexible needle steering in soft-tissue phantoms using {Fiber} {Bragg} {Grating} sensors},
	doi = {10.1109/ICRA.2013.6631418},
	abstract = {Needle insertion procedures are commonly used for surgical interventions. In this paper, we develop a three-dimensional (3D) closed-loop control algorithm to robotically steer flexible needles with an asymmetric tip towards a target in a soft-tissue phantom. Twelve Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors are embedded on the needle shaft. FBG sensors measure the strain applied on the needle during insertion. A method is developed to reconstruct the needle shape using the strain data obtained from the FBG sensors. Four experimental cases are conducted to validate the reconstruction method (single-bend, double-bend, 3D double-bend and drilling insertions). In the experiments, the needle is inserted 120 mm into a soft-tissue phantom. Camera images are used as a reference for the reconstruction experiments. The results show that the mean needle tip accuracy of the reconstruction method is 1.8 mm. The reconstructed needle shape is used as feedback for the steering algorithm. The steering algorithm estimates the region that the needle can reach during insertion, and controls the needle to keep the target in this region. Steering experiments are performed for 110 mm insertion, and the mean targeting accuracy is 1.3 mm. The results demonstrate the capability of using FBG sensors to robotically steer needles.},
	booktitle = {2013 {IEEE} {International} {Conference} on {Robotics} and {Automation}},
	author = {Abayazid, M. and Kemp, M. and Misra, S.},
	month = may,
	year = {2013},
	keywords = {3D closed-loop control algorithm, 3D double-bend reconstruction method, 3D flexible needle steering algorithm, Bragg gratings, FBG sensors, Fiber gratings, Needles, Sensors, Shape, Strain, Three-dimensional displays, asymmetric tip, biological tissues, camera images, cameras, closed loop systems, double-bend reconstruction method, drilling reconstruction method, fiber Bragg grating sensors, fibre optic sensors, image reconstruction, medical robotics, needle insertion procedures, needle shaft, needle shape reconstruction method, needles, phantoms, single-bend reconstruction method, soft-tissue phantoms, strain data, surgery, surgical interventions, three-dimensional closed-loop control algorithm},
	pages = {5843--5849}
}

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