Effects of Temperature and Equivalence Ratio on Pine Syngas Primary Gases and Contaminants in a Bench-Scale Fluidized Bed Gasifier. Abdoulmoumine, N., Kulkarni, A., & Adhikari, S. Industrial \& Engineering Chemistry Research, 53(14):5767--5777, March, 2014.
Effects of Temperature and Equivalence Ratio on Pine Syngas Primary Gases and Contaminants in a Bench-Scale Fluidized Bed Gasifier [link]Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   
Effects of equivalence ratio (ER = 0.15, 0.25, and 0.35 at 934 °C) and temperature (790, 934, and 1078 °C at 0.25 ER) were investigated in air gasification of pine for primary gases and contaminants. CO and H2 increased while CO2 and CH4 decreased from 790 to 1078 °C. Opposite trends were observed for ER. Based on overall contaminant weight, tar was highest at all temperatures (7.81, 8.24, and 8.93 g/kg dry biomass) and ERs (13.08, 8.24, and 2.51 g/kg dry biomass). NH3 varied from 1.63 to 1.00 g/kg dry biomass between 790 and 1078 °C and from 1.76 to 1.47 g/kg dry biomass between 0.15 and 0.35 ER. H2S ranged between 0.13 and 0.17 g/kg dry biomass from 790 to 1078 °C and between 0.154 and 0.18 g/kg dry biomass from 0.15 to 0.35 ER. Finally, HCl yields ranged from 13.63 to 0 mg/kg dry biomass and from 11.51 to 0.28 mg/kg dry biomass over the range of temperature and ER, respectively.
@article{ abdoulmoumine_effects_2014,
  title = {Effects of {Temperature} and {Equivalence} {Ratio} on {Pine} {Syngas} {Primary} {Gases} and {Contaminants} in a {Bench}-{Scale} {Fluidized} {Bed} {Gasifier}},
  volume = {53},
  issn = {0888-5885},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie404401n},
  doi = {10.1021/ie404401n},
  abstract = {Effects of equivalence ratio (ER = 0.15, 0.25, and 0.35 at 934 °C) and temperature (790, 934, and 1078 °C at 0.25 ER) were investigated in air gasification of pine for primary gases and contaminants. CO and H2 increased while CO2 and CH4 decreased from 790 to 1078 °C. Opposite trends were observed for ER. Based on overall contaminant weight, tar was highest at all temperatures (7.81, 8.24, and 8.93 g/kg dry biomass) and ERs (13.08, 8.24, and 2.51 g/kg dry biomass). NH3 varied from 1.63 to 1.00 g/kg dry biomass between 790 and 1078 °C and from 1.76 to 1.47 g/kg dry biomass between 0.15 and 0.35 ER. H2S ranged between 0.13 and 0.17 g/kg dry biomass from 790 to 1078 °C and between 0.154 and 0.18 g/kg dry biomass from 0.15 to 0.35 ER. Finally, HCl yields ranged from 13.63 to 0 mg/kg dry biomass and from 11.51 to 0.28 mg/kg dry biomass over the range of temperature and ER, respectively.},
  number = {14},
  urldate = {2014-10-23},
  journal = {Industrial \& Engineering Chemistry Research},
  author = {Abdoulmoumine, Nourredine and Kulkarni, Avanti and Adhikari, Sushil},
  month = {March},
  year = {2014},
  keywords = {BIOFUELS, Carbon Dioxide, Chars, Degradation, Gases, Greenhouse gases, Pollutants, Standards, Statistical methods, biomass},
  pages = {5767--5777}
}

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