The use of a particle method for the modelling of isotropic membrane stress for the form finding of shell structures. Aish, F., Joyce, S., Malek, S., & Williams, C., J., K. CAD Computer Aided Design, Elsevier Ltd, 2014.
The use of a particle method for the modelling of isotropic membrane stress for the form finding of shell structures [pdf]Paper  abstract   bibtex   
The best known isotropic membrane stress state is a soap film. However, if we allow the value of the isotropic stress to vary from point to point then the surface can carry gravity loads, either as a hanging form in tension, or as a masonry shell in compression. The paper describes the theory of isotropic membrane stress under gravity load and introduces a particle method for its numerical simulation for the form finding of shell structures. ?? 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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