Cost-effectiveness research in cancer therapy: a systematic review of literature trends, methods and the influence of funding. Al-Badriyeh, D., Alameri, M., & Al-Okka, R. BMJ Open, 7(1):e012648, January, 2017.
Cost-effectiveness research in cancer therapy: a systematic review of literature trends, methods and the influence of funding [link]Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   
Objective To perform a first-time analysis of the cost-effectiveness (CE) literature on chemotherapies, of all types, in cancer, in terms of trends and change over time, including the influence of industry funding. Design Systematic review. Setting A wide range of cancer-related research settings within healthcare, including health systems, hospitals and medical centres. Participants All literature comparative CE research of drug-based cancer therapies in the period 1986 to 2015. Primary and secondary outcome measures Primary outcomes are the literature trends in relation to journal subject category, authorship, research design, data sources, funds and consultation involvement. An additional outcome measure is the association between industry funding and study outcomes. Analysis Descriptive statistics and the χ2, Fisher exact or Somer's D tests were used to perform non-parametric statistics, with a p value of \textless0.05 as the statistical significance measure. Results Total 574 publications were analysed. The drug-related CE literature expands over time, with increased publishing in the healthcare sciences and services journal subject category (p\textless0.001). The retrospective data collection in studies increased over time (p\textless0.001). The usage of prospective data, however, has been decreasing (p\textless0.001) in relation to randomised clinical trials (RCTs), but is unchanging for non-RCT studies. The industry-sponsored CE studies have especially been increasing (p\textless0.001), in contrast to those sponsored by other sources. While paid consultation involvement grew throughout the years, the declaration of funding for this is relatively limited. Importantly, there is evidence that industry funding is associated with favourable result to the sponsor (p\textless0.001). Conclusions This analysis demonstrates clear trends in how the CE cancer research is presented to the practicing community, including in relation to journals, study designs, authorship and consultation, together with increased financial sponsorship by pharmaceutical industries, which may be more influencing study outcomes than other funding sources.
@article{al-badriyeh_cost-effectiveness_2017,
	title = {Cost-effectiveness research in cancer therapy: a systematic review of literature trends, methods and the influence of funding},
	volume = {7},
	copyright = {Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/. This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/},
	issn = {2044-6055, 2044-6055},
	shorttitle = {Cost-effectiveness research in cancer therapy},
	url = {https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/7/1/e012648},
	doi = {10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012648},
	abstract = {Objective To perform a first-time analysis of the cost-effectiveness (CE) literature on chemotherapies, of all types, in cancer, in terms of trends and change over time, including the influence of industry funding.
Design Systematic review.
Setting A wide range of cancer-related research settings within healthcare, including health systems, hospitals and medical centres.
Participants All literature comparative CE research of drug-based cancer therapies in the period 1986 to 2015.
Primary and secondary outcome measures Primary outcomes are the literature trends in relation to journal subject category, authorship, research design, data sources, funds and consultation involvement. An additional outcome measure is the association between industry funding and study outcomes.
Analysis Descriptive statistics and the χ2, Fisher exact or Somer's D tests were used to perform non-parametric statistics, with a p value of {\textless}0.05 as the statistical significance measure.
Results Total 574 publications were analysed. The drug-related CE literature expands over time, with increased publishing in the healthcare sciences and services journal subject category (p{\textless}0.001). The retrospective data collection in studies increased over time (p{\textless}0.001). The usage of prospective data, however, has been decreasing (p{\textless}0.001) in relation to randomised clinical trials (RCTs), but is unchanging for non-RCT studies. The industry-sponsored CE studies have especially been increasing (p{\textless}0.001), in contrast to those sponsored by other sources. While paid consultation involvement grew throughout the years, the declaration of funding for this is relatively limited. Importantly, there is evidence that industry funding is associated with favourable result to the sponsor (p{\textless}0.001).
Conclusions This analysis demonstrates clear trends in how the CE cancer research is presented to the practicing community, including in relation to journals, study designs, authorship and consultation, together with increased financial sponsorship by pharmaceutical industries, which may be more influencing study outcomes than other funding sources.},
	language = {en},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2019-05-14},
	journal = {BMJ Open},
	author = {Al-Badriyeh, Daoud and Alameri, Marwah and Al-Okka, Randa},
	month = jan,
	year = {2017},
	pmid = {28131999},
	keywords = {8 Ignorance and funding bias, Biais de financement, Cancer, Cost-effectiveness, PRINTED (Fonds papier), Therapy, Trends},
	pages = {e012648},
}

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