Molecular understanding of sulphuric acid-amine particle nucleation in the atmosphere. Almeida, J., Schobesberger, S., Kürten, A., Ortega, I., K., Kupiainen-Määttä, O., Praplan, A., P., Adamov, A., Amorim, A., Bianchi, F., Breitenlechner, M., David, A., Dommen, J., Donahue, N., M., Downard, A., Dunne, E., Duplissy, J., Ehrhart, S., Flagan, R., C., Franchin, A., Guida, R., Hakala, J., Hansel, A., Heinritzi, M., Henschel, H., Jokinen, T., Junninen, H., Kajos, M., Kangasluoma, J., Keskinen, H., Kupc, A., Kurtén, T., Kvashin, A., N., Laaksonen, A., Lehtipalo, K., Leiminger, M., Leppä, J., Loukonen, V., Makhmutov, V., Mathot, S., McGrath, M., J., Nieminen, T., Olenius, T., Onnela, A., Petäjä, T., Riccobono, F., Riipinen, I., Rissanen, M., Rondo, L., Ruuskanen, T., Santos, F., D., Sarnela, N., Schallhart, S., Schnitzhofer, R., Seinfeld, J., H., Simon, M., Sipilä, M., Stozhkov, Y., Stratmann, F., Tomé, A., Tröstl, J., Tsagkogeorgas, G., Vaattovaara, P., Viisanen, Y., Virtanen, A., Vrtala, A., Wagner, P., E., Weingartner, E., Wex, H., Williamson, C., Wimmer, D., Ye, P., Yli-Juuti, T., Carslaw, K., S., Kulmala, M., Curtius, J., Baltensperger, U., Worsnop, D., R., Vehkamäki, H., & Kirkby, J. Nature, 502(7471):359-63, 10, 2013. Paper Website abstract bibtex Nucleation of aerosol particles from trace atmospheric vapours is thought to provide up to half of global cloud condensation nuclei. Aerosols can cause a net cooling of climate by scattering sunlight and by leading to smaller but more numerous cloud droplets, which makes clouds brighter and extends their lifetimes. Atmospheric aerosols derived from human activities are thought to have compensated for a large fraction of the warming caused by greenhouse gases. However, despite its importance for climate, atmospheric nucleation is poorly understood. Recently, it has been shown that sulphuric acid and ammonia cannot explain particle formation rates observed in the lower atmosphere. It is thought that amines may enhance nucleation, but until now there has been no direct evidence for amine ternary nucleation under atmospheric conditions. Here we use the CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving OUtdoor Droplets) chamber at CERN and find that dimethylamine above three parts per trillion by volume can enhance particle formation rates more than 1,000-fold compared with ammonia, sufficient to account for the particle formation rates observed in the atmosphere. Molecular analysis of the clusters reveals that the faster nucleation is explained by a base-stabilization mechanism involving acid-amine pairs, which strongly decrease evaporation. The ion-induced contribution is generally small, reflecting the high stability of sulphuric acid-dimethylamine clusters and indicating that galactic cosmic rays exert only a small influence on their formation, except at low overall formation rates. Our experimental measurements are well reproduced by a dynamical model based on quantum chemical calculations of binding energies of molecular clusters, without any fitted parameters. These results show that, in regions of the atmosphere near amine sources, both amines and sulphur dioxide should be considered when assessing the impact of anthropogenic activities on particle formation.
@article{
title = {Molecular understanding of sulphuric acid-amine particle nucleation in the atmosphere.},
type = {article},
year = {2013},
identifiers = {[object Object]},
keywords = {Amines,Amines: chemistry,Atmosphere,Atmosphere: chemistry,Chemical,Cosmic Radiation,Dimethylamines,Dimethylamines: chemistry,Greenhouse Effect,Human Activities,Models,Particulate Matter,Particulate Matter: chemistry,Quantum Theory,Sulfur Dioxide,Sulfur Dioxide: chemistry,Sulfuric Acids,Sulfuric Acids: chemistry},
pages = {359-63},
volume = {502},
websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24097350},
month = {10},
day = {6},
id = {3574436c-167f-3632-90c3-fdef81b01bc0},
created = {2016-09-11T19:11:46.000Z},
accessed = {2013-10-17},
file_attached = {true},
profile_id = {f8c267c4-4c39-31dc-80fa-3a9691373386},
group_id = {63e349d6-2c70-3938-9e67-2f6483f6cbab},
last_modified = {2016-09-11T19:55:22.000Z},
read = {true},
starred = {false},
authored = {false},
confirmed = {true},
hidden = {false},
notes = {<b>From Duplicate 2 ( </b><br/><br/><br/><b><br/><br/><br/><i>Molecular understanding of sulphuric acid-amine particle nucleation in the atmosphere.</i><br/><br/><br/></b><br/><br/><br/><b>- Almeida, João; Schobesberger, Siegfried; Kürten, Andreas; Ortega, Ismael K; Kupiainen-Määttä, Oona; Praplan, Arnaud P; Adamov, Alexey; Amorim, Antonio; Bianchi, Federico; Breitenlechner, Martin; David, André; Dommen, Josef; Donahue, Neil M; Downard, Andrew; Dunne, Eimear; Duplissy, Jonathan; Ehrhart, Sebastian; Flagan, Richard C; Franchin, Alessandro; Guida, Roberto; Hakala, Jani; Hansel, Armin; Heinritzi, Martin; Henschel, Henning; Jokinen, Tuija; Junninen, Heikki; Kajos, Maija; Kangasluoma, Juha; Keskinen, Helmi; Kupc, Agnieszka; Kurtén, Theo; Kvashin, Alexander N; Laaksonen, Ari; Lehtipalo, Katrianne; Leiminger, Markus; Leppä, Johannes; Loukonen, Ville; Makhmutov, Vladimir; Mathot, Serge; McGrath, Matthew J; Nieminen, Tuomo; Olenius, Tinja; Onnela, Antti; Petäjä, Tuukka; Riccobono, Francesco; Riipinen, Ilona; Rissanen, Matti; Rondo, Linda; Ruuskanen, Taina; Santos, Filipe D; Sarnela, Nina; Schallhart, Simon; Schnitzhofer, Ralf; Seinfeld, John H; Simon, Mario; Sipilä, Mikko; Stozhkov, Yuri; Stratmann, Frank; Tomé, Antonio; Tröstl, Jasmin; Tsagkogeorgas, Georgios; Vaattovaara, Petri; Viisanen, Yrjo; Virtanen, Annele; Vrtala, Aron; Wagner, Paul E; Weingartner, Ernest; Wex, Heike; Williamson, Christina; Wimmer, Daniela; Ye, Penglin; Yli-Juuti, Taina; Carslaw, Kenneth S; Kulmala, Markku; Curtius, Joachim; Baltensperger, Urs; Worsnop, Douglas R; Vehkamäki, Hanna; Kirkby, Jasper )<br/><br/><br/><br/></b>},
abstract = {Nucleation of aerosol particles from trace atmospheric vapours is thought to provide up to half of global cloud condensation nuclei. Aerosols can cause a net cooling of climate by scattering sunlight and by leading to smaller but more numerous cloud droplets, which makes clouds brighter and extends their lifetimes. Atmospheric aerosols derived from human activities are thought to have compensated for a large fraction of the warming caused by greenhouse gases. However, despite its importance for climate, atmospheric nucleation is poorly understood. Recently, it has been shown that sulphuric acid and ammonia cannot explain particle formation rates observed in the lower atmosphere. It is thought that amines may enhance nucleation, but until now there has been no direct evidence for amine ternary nucleation under atmospheric conditions. Here we use the CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving OUtdoor Droplets) chamber at CERN and find that dimethylamine above three parts per trillion by volume can enhance particle formation rates more than 1,000-fold compared with ammonia, sufficient to account for the particle formation rates observed in the atmosphere. Molecular analysis of the clusters reveals that the faster nucleation is explained by a base-stabilization mechanism involving acid-amine pairs, which strongly decrease evaporation. The ion-induced contribution is generally small, reflecting the high stability of sulphuric acid-dimethylamine clusters and indicating that galactic cosmic rays exert only a small influence on their formation, except at low overall formation rates. Our experimental measurements are well reproduced by a dynamical model based on quantum chemical calculations of binding energies of molecular clusters, without any fitted parameters. These results show that, in regions of the atmosphere near amine sources, both amines and sulphur dioxide should be considered when assessing the impact of anthropogenic activities on particle formation.},
bibtype = {article},
author = {Almeida, João and Schobesberger, Siegfried and Kürten, Andreas and Ortega, Ismael K and Kupiainen-Määttä, Oona and Praplan, Arnaud P and Adamov, Alexey and Amorim, Antonio and Bianchi, Federico and Breitenlechner, Martin and David, André and Dommen, Josef and Donahue, Neil M and Downard, Andrew and Dunne, Eimear and Duplissy, Jonathan and Ehrhart, Sebastian and Flagan, Richard C and Franchin, Alessandro and Guida, Roberto and Hakala, Jani and Hansel, Armin and Heinritzi, Martin and Henschel, Henning and Jokinen, Tuija and Junninen, Heikki and Kajos, Maija and Kangasluoma, Juha and Keskinen, Helmi and Kupc, Agnieszka and Kurtén, Theo and Kvashin, Alexander N and Laaksonen, Ari and Lehtipalo, Katrianne and Leiminger, Markus and Leppä, Johannes and Loukonen, Ville and Makhmutov, Vladimir and Mathot, Serge and McGrath, Matthew J and Nieminen, Tuomo and Olenius, Tinja and Onnela, Antti and Petäjä, Tuukka and Riccobono, Francesco and Riipinen, Ilona and Rissanen, Matti and Rondo, Linda and Ruuskanen, Taina and Santos, Filipe D and Sarnela, Nina and Schallhart, Simon and Schnitzhofer, Ralf and Seinfeld, John H and Simon, Mario and Sipilä, Mikko and Stozhkov, Yuri and Stratmann, Frank and Tomé, Antonio and Tröstl, Jasmin and Tsagkogeorgas, Georgios and Vaattovaara, Petri and Viisanen, Yrjo and Virtanen, Annele and Vrtala, Aron and Wagner, Paul E and Weingartner, Ernest and Wex, Heike and Williamson, Christina and Wimmer, Daniela and Ye, Penglin and Yli-Juuti, Taina and Carslaw, Kenneth S and Kulmala, Markku and Curtius, Joachim and Baltensperger, Urs and Worsnop, Douglas R and Vehkamäki, Hanna and Kirkby, Jasper},
journal = {Nature},
number = {7471}
}
Downloads: 0
{"_id":"deQvvhZuaaPWue4wS","bibbaseid":"almeida-schobesberger-krten-ortega-kupiainenmtt-praplan-adamov-amorim-etal-molecularunderstandingofsulphuricacidamineparticlenucleationintheatmosphere-2013","downloads":0,"creationDate":"2017-01-12T21:32:13.499Z","title":"Molecular understanding of sulphuric acid-amine particle nucleation in the atmosphere.","author_short":["Almeida, J.","Schobesberger, S.","Kürten, A.","Ortega, I., K.","Kupiainen-Määttä, O.","Praplan, A., P.","Adamov, A.","Amorim, A.","Bianchi, F.","Breitenlechner, M.","David, A.","Dommen, J.","Donahue, N., M.","Downard, A.","Dunne, E.","Duplissy, J.","Ehrhart, S.","Flagan, R., C.","Franchin, A.","Guida, R.","Hakala, J.","Hansel, A.","Heinritzi, M.","Henschel, H.","Jokinen, T.","Junninen, H.","Kajos, M.","Kangasluoma, J.","Keskinen, H.","Kupc, A.","Kurtén, T.","Kvashin, A., N.","Laaksonen, A.","Lehtipalo, K.","Leiminger, M.","Leppä, J.","Loukonen, V.","Makhmutov, V.","Mathot, S.","McGrath, M., J.","Nieminen, T.","Olenius, T.","Onnela, A.","Petäjä, T.","Riccobono, F.","Riipinen, I.","Rissanen, M.","Rondo, L.","Ruuskanen, T.","Santos, F., D.","Sarnela, N.","Schallhart, S.","Schnitzhofer, R.","Seinfeld, J., H.","Simon, M.","Sipilä, M.","Stozhkov, Y.","Stratmann, F.","Tomé, A.","Tröstl, J.","Tsagkogeorgas, G.","Vaattovaara, P.","Viisanen, Y.","Virtanen, A.","Vrtala, A.","Wagner, P., E.","Weingartner, E.","Wex, H.","Williamson, C.","Wimmer, D.","Ye, P.","Yli-Juuti, T.","Carslaw, K., S.","Kulmala, M.","Curtius, J.","Baltensperger, U.","Worsnop, D., R.","Vehkamäki, H.","Kirkby, J."],"year":2013,"bibtype":"article","biburl":null,"bibdata":{"title":"Molecular understanding of sulphuric acid-amine particle nucleation in the atmosphere.","type":"article","year":"2013","identifiers":"[object Object]","keywords":"Amines,Amines: chemistry,Atmosphere,Atmosphere: chemistry,Chemical,Cosmic Radiation,Dimethylamines,Dimethylamines: chemistry,Greenhouse Effect,Human Activities,Models,Particulate Matter,Particulate Matter: chemistry,Quantum Theory,Sulfur Dioxide,Sulfur Dioxide: chemistry,Sulfuric Acids,Sulfuric Acids: chemistry","pages":"359-63","volume":"502","websites":"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24097350","month":"10","day":"6","id":"3574436c-167f-3632-90c3-fdef81b01bc0","created":"2016-09-11T19:11:46.000Z","accessed":"2013-10-17","file_attached":"true","profile_id":"f8c267c4-4c39-31dc-80fa-3a9691373386","group_id":"63e349d6-2c70-3938-9e67-2f6483f6cbab","last_modified":"2016-09-11T19:55:22.000Z","read":"true","starred":false,"authored":false,"confirmed":"true","hidden":false,"notes":"<b>From Duplicate 2 ( </b><br/><br/><br/><b><br/><br/><br/><i>Molecular understanding of sulphuric acid-amine particle nucleation in the atmosphere.</i><br/><br/><br/></b><br/><br/><br/><b>- Almeida, João; Schobesberger, Siegfried; Kürten, Andreas; Ortega, Ismael K; Kupiainen-Määttä, Oona; Praplan, Arnaud P; Adamov, Alexey; Amorim, Antonio; Bianchi, Federico; Breitenlechner, Martin; David, André; Dommen, Josef; Donahue, Neil M; Downard, Andrew; Dunne, Eimear; Duplissy, Jonathan; Ehrhart, Sebastian; Flagan, Richard C; Franchin, Alessandro; Guida, Roberto; Hakala, Jani; Hansel, Armin; Heinritzi, Martin; Henschel, Henning; Jokinen, Tuija; Junninen, Heikki; Kajos, Maija; Kangasluoma, Juha; Keskinen, Helmi; Kupc, Agnieszka; Kurtén, Theo; Kvashin, Alexander N; Laaksonen, Ari; Lehtipalo, Katrianne; Leiminger, Markus; Leppä, Johannes; Loukonen, Ville; Makhmutov, Vladimir; Mathot, Serge; McGrath, Matthew J; Nieminen, Tuomo; Olenius, Tinja; Onnela, Antti; Petäjä, Tuukka; Riccobono, Francesco; Riipinen, Ilona; Rissanen, Matti; Rondo, Linda; Ruuskanen, Taina; Santos, Filipe D; Sarnela, Nina; Schallhart, Simon; Schnitzhofer, Ralf; Seinfeld, John H; Simon, Mario; Sipilä, Mikko; Stozhkov, Yuri; Stratmann, Frank; Tomé, Antonio; Tröstl, Jasmin; Tsagkogeorgas, Georgios; Vaattovaara, Petri; Viisanen, Yrjo; Virtanen, Annele; Vrtala, Aron; Wagner, Paul E; Weingartner, Ernest; Wex, Heike; Williamson, Christina; Wimmer, Daniela; Ye, Penglin; Yli-Juuti, Taina; Carslaw, Kenneth S; Kulmala, Markku; Curtius, Joachim; Baltensperger, Urs; Worsnop, Douglas R; Vehkamäki, Hanna; Kirkby, Jasper )<br/><br/><br/><br/></b>","abstract":"Nucleation of aerosol particles from trace atmospheric vapours is thought to provide up to half of global cloud condensation nuclei. Aerosols can cause a net cooling of climate by scattering sunlight and by leading to smaller but more numerous cloud droplets, which makes clouds brighter and extends their lifetimes. Atmospheric aerosols derived from human activities are thought to have compensated for a large fraction of the warming caused by greenhouse gases. However, despite its importance for climate, atmospheric nucleation is poorly understood. Recently, it has been shown that sulphuric acid and ammonia cannot explain particle formation rates observed in the lower atmosphere. It is thought that amines may enhance nucleation, but until now there has been no direct evidence for amine ternary nucleation under atmospheric conditions. Here we use the CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving OUtdoor Droplets) chamber at CERN and find that dimethylamine above three parts per trillion by volume can enhance particle formation rates more than 1,000-fold compared with ammonia, sufficient to account for the particle formation rates observed in the atmosphere. Molecular analysis of the clusters reveals that the faster nucleation is explained by a base-stabilization mechanism involving acid-amine pairs, which strongly decrease evaporation. The ion-induced contribution is generally small, reflecting the high stability of sulphuric acid-dimethylamine clusters and indicating that galactic cosmic rays exert only a small influence on their formation, except at low overall formation rates. Our experimental measurements are well reproduced by a dynamical model based on quantum chemical calculations of binding energies of molecular clusters, without any fitted parameters. These results show that, in regions of the atmosphere near amine sources, both amines and sulphur dioxide should be considered when assessing the impact of anthropogenic activities on particle formation.","bibtype":"article","author":"Almeida, João and Schobesberger, Siegfried and Kürten, Andreas and Ortega, Ismael K and Kupiainen-Määttä, Oona and Praplan, Arnaud P and Adamov, Alexey and Amorim, Antonio and Bianchi, Federico and Breitenlechner, Martin and David, André and Dommen, Josef and Donahue, Neil M and Downard, Andrew and Dunne, Eimear and Duplissy, Jonathan and Ehrhart, Sebastian and Flagan, Richard C and Franchin, Alessandro and Guida, Roberto and Hakala, Jani and Hansel, Armin and Heinritzi, Martin and Henschel, Henning and Jokinen, Tuija and Junninen, Heikki and Kajos, Maija and Kangasluoma, Juha and Keskinen, Helmi and Kupc, Agnieszka and Kurtén, Theo and Kvashin, Alexander N and Laaksonen, Ari and Lehtipalo, Katrianne and Leiminger, Markus and Leppä, Johannes and Loukonen, Ville and Makhmutov, Vladimir and Mathot, Serge and McGrath, Matthew J and Nieminen, Tuomo and Olenius, Tinja and Onnela, Antti and Petäjä, Tuukka and Riccobono, Francesco and Riipinen, Ilona and Rissanen, Matti and Rondo, Linda and Ruuskanen, Taina and Santos, Filipe D and Sarnela, Nina and Schallhart, Simon and Schnitzhofer, Ralf and Seinfeld, John H and Simon, Mario and Sipilä, Mikko and Stozhkov, Yuri and Stratmann, Frank and Tomé, Antonio and Tröstl, Jasmin and Tsagkogeorgas, Georgios and Vaattovaara, Petri and Viisanen, Yrjo and Virtanen, Annele and Vrtala, Aron and Wagner, Paul E and Weingartner, Ernest and Wex, Heike and Williamson, Christina and Wimmer, Daniela and Ye, Penglin and Yli-Juuti, Taina and Carslaw, Kenneth S and Kulmala, Markku and Curtius, Joachim and Baltensperger, Urs and Worsnop, Douglas R and Vehkamäki, Hanna and Kirkby, Jasper","journal":"Nature","number":"7471","bibtex":"@article{\n title = {Molecular understanding of sulphuric acid-amine particle nucleation in the atmosphere.},\n type = {article},\n year = {2013},\n identifiers = {[object Object]},\n keywords = {Amines,Amines: chemistry,Atmosphere,Atmosphere: chemistry,Chemical,Cosmic Radiation,Dimethylamines,Dimethylamines: chemistry,Greenhouse Effect,Human Activities,Models,Particulate Matter,Particulate Matter: chemistry,Quantum Theory,Sulfur Dioxide,Sulfur Dioxide: chemistry,Sulfuric Acids,Sulfuric Acids: chemistry},\n pages = {359-63},\n volume = {502},\n websites = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24097350},\n month = {10},\n day = {6},\n id = {3574436c-167f-3632-90c3-fdef81b01bc0},\n created = {2016-09-11T19:11:46.000Z},\n accessed = {2013-10-17},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {f8c267c4-4c39-31dc-80fa-3a9691373386},\n group_id = {63e349d6-2c70-3938-9e67-2f6483f6cbab},\n last_modified = {2016-09-11T19:55:22.000Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n notes = {<b>From Duplicate 2 ( </b><br/><br/><br/><b><br/><br/><br/><i>Molecular understanding of sulphuric acid-amine particle nucleation in the atmosphere.</i><br/><br/><br/></b><br/><br/><br/><b>- Almeida, João; Schobesberger, Siegfried; Kürten, Andreas; Ortega, Ismael K; Kupiainen-Määttä, Oona; Praplan, Arnaud P; Adamov, Alexey; Amorim, Antonio; Bianchi, Federico; Breitenlechner, Martin; David, André; Dommen, Josef; Donahue, Neil M; Downard, Andrew; Dunne, Eimear; Duplissy, Jonathan; Ehrhart, Sebastian; Flagan, Richard C; Franchin, Alessandro; Guida, Roberto; Hakala, Jani; Hansel, Armin; Heinritzi, Martin; Henschel, Henning; Jokinen, Tuija; Junninen, Heikki; Kajos, Maija; Kangasluoma, Juha; Keskinen, Helmi; Kupc, Agnieszka; Kurtén, Theo; Kvashin, Alexander N; Laaksonen, Ari; Lehtipalo, Katrianne; Leiminger, Markus; Leppä, Johannes; Loukonen, Ville; Makhmutov, Vladimir; Mathot, Serge; McGrath, Matthew J; Nieminen, Tuomo; Olenius, Tinja; Onnela, Antti; Petäjä, Tuukka; Riccobono, Francesco; Riipinen, Ilona; Rissanen, Matti; Rondo, Linda; Ruuskanen, Taina; Santos, Filipe D; Sarnela, Nina; Schallhart, Simon; Schnitzhofer, Ralf; Seinfeld, John H; Simon, Mario; Sipilä, Mikko; Stozhkov, Yuri; Stratmann, Frank; Tomé, Antonio; Tröstl, Jasmin; Tsagkogeorgas, Georgios; Vaattovaara, Petri; Viisanen, Yrjo; Virtanen, Annele; Vrtala, Aron; Wagner, Paul E; Weingartner, Ernest; Wex, Heike; Williamson, Christina; Wimmer, Daniela; Ye, Penglin; Yli-Juuti, Taina; Carslaw, Kenneth S; Kulmala, Markku; Curtius, Joachim; Baltensperger, Urs; Worsnop, Douglas R; Vehkamäki, Hanna; Kirkby, Jasper )<br/><br/><br/><br/></b>},\n abstract = {Nucleation of aerosol particles from trace atmospheric vapours is thought to provide up to half of global cloud condensation nuclei. Aerosols can cause a net cooling of climate by scattering sunlight and by leading to smaller but more numerous cloud droplets, which makes clouds brighter and extends their lifetimes. Atmospheric aerosols derived from human activities are thought to have compensated for a large fraction of the warming caused by greenhouse gases. However, despite its importance for climate, atmospheric nucleation is poorly understood. Recently, it has been shown that sulphuric acid and ammonia cannot explain particle formation rates observed in the lower atmosphere. It is thought that amines may enhance nucleation, but until now there has been no direct evidence for amine ternary nucleation under atmospheric conditions. Here we use the CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving OUtdoor Droplets) chamber at CERN and find that dimethylamine above three parts per trillion by volume can enhance particle formation rates more than 1,000-fold compared with ammonia, sufficient to account for the particle formation rates observed in the atmosphere. Molecular analysis of the clusters reveals that the faster nucleation is explained by a base-stabilization mechanism involving acid-amine pairs, which strongly decrease evaporation. The ion-induced contribution is generally small, reflecting the high stability of sulphuric acid-dimethylamine clusters and indicating that galactic cosmic rays exert only a small influence on their formation, except at low overall formation rates. Our experimental measurements are well reproduced by a dynamical model based on quantum chemical calculations of binding energies of molecular clusters, without any fitted parameters. These results show that, in regions of the atmosphere near amine sources, both amines and sulphur dioxide should be considered when assessing the impact of anthropogenic activities on particle formation.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Almeida, João and Schobesberger, Siegfried and Kürten, Andreas and Ortega, Ismael K and Kupiainen-Määttä, Oona and Praplan, Arnaud P and Adamov, Alexey and Amorim, Antonio and Bianchi, Federico and Breitenlechner, Martin and David, André and Dommen, Josef and Donahue, Neil M and Downard, Andrew and Dunne, Eimear and Duplissy, Jonathan and Ehrhart, Sebastian and Flagan, Richard C and Franchin, Alessandro and Guida, Roberto and Hakala, Jani and Hansel, Armin and Heinritzi, Martin and Henschel, Henning and Jokinen, Tuija and Junninen, Heikki and Kajos, Maija and Kangasluoma, Juha and Keskinen, Helmi and Kupc, Agnieszka and Kurtén, Theo and Kvashin, Alexander N and Laaksonen, Ari and Lehtipalo, Katrianne and Leiminger, Markus and Leppä, Johannes and Loukonen, Ville and Makhmutov, Vladimir and Mathot, Serge and McGrath, Matthew J and Nieminen, Tuomo and Olenius, Tinja and Onnela, Antti and Petäjä, Tuukka and Riccobono, Francesco and Riipinen, Ilona and Rissanen, Matti and Rondo, Linda and Ruuskanen, Taina and Santos, Filipe D and Sarnela, Nina and Schallhart, Simon and Schnitzhofer, Ralf and Seinfeld, John H and Simon, Mario and Sipilä, Mikko and Stozhkov, Yuri and Stratmann, Frank and Tomé, Antonio and Tröstl, Jasmin and Tsagkogeorgas, Georgios and Vaattovaara, Petri and Viisanen, Yrjo and Virtanen, Annele and Vrtala, Aron and Wagner, Paul E and Weingartner, Ernest and Wex, Heike and Williamson, Christina and Wimmer, Daniela and Ye, Penglin and Yli-Juuti, Taina and Carslaw, Kenneth S and Kulmala, Markku and Curtius, Joachim and Baltensperger, Urs and Worsnop, Douglas R and Vehkamäki, Hanna and Kirkby, Jasper},\n journal = {Nature},\n number = {7471}\n}","author_short":["Almeida, J.","Schobesberger, S.","Kürten, A.","Ortega, I., K.","Kupiainen-Määttä, O.","Praplan, A., P.","Adamov, A.","Amorim, A.","Bianchi, F.","Breitenlechner, M.","David, A.","Dommen, J.","Donahue, N., M.","Downard, A.","Dunne, E.","Duplissy, J.","Ehrhart, S.","Flagan, R., C.","Franchin, A.","Guida, R.","Hakala, J.","Hansel, A.","Heinritzi, M.","Henschel, H.","Jokinen, T.","Junninen, H.","Kajos, M.","Kangasluoma, J.","Keskinen, H.","Kupc, A.","Kurtén, T.","Kvashin, A., N.","Laaksonen, A.","Lehtipalo, K.","Leiminger, M.","Leppä, J.","Loukonen, V.","Makhmutov, V.","Mathot, S.","McGrath, M., J.","Nieminen, T.","Olenius, T.","Onnela, A.","Petäjä, T.","Riccobono, F.","Riipinen, I.","Rissanen, M.","Rondo, L.","Ruuskanen, T.","Santos, F., D.","Sarnela, N.","Schallhart, S.","Schnitzhofer, R.","Seinfeld, J., H.","Simon, M.","Sipilä, M.","Stozhkov, Y.","Stratmann, F.","Tomé, A.","Tröstl, J.","Tsagkogeorgas, G.","Vaattovaara, P.","Viisanen, Y.","Virtanen, A.","Vrtala, A.","Wagner, P., E.","Weingartner, E.","Wex, H.","Williamson, C.","Wimmer, D.","Ye, P.","Yli-Juuti, T.","Carslaw, K., S.","Kulmala, M.","Curtius, J.","Baltensperger, U.","Worsnop, D., R.","Vehkamäki, H.","Kirkby, J."],"urls":{"Paper":"http://bibbase.org/service/mendeley/9edae5ec-3a23-3830-8934-2c27bef6ccbe/file/7ecafeb0-27ca-ca91-37c5-31b81855a9ec/2013-Molecular_understanding_of_sulphuric_acid-amine_particle_nucleation_in_the_atmosphere..pdf.pdf","Website":"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24097350"},"bibbaseid":"almeida-schobesberger-krten-ortega-kupiainenmtt-praplan-adamov-amorim-etal-molecularunderstandingofsulphuricacidamineparticlenucleationintheatmosphere-2013","role":"author","keyword":["Amines","Amines: chemistry","Atmosphere","Atmosphere: chemistry","Chemical","Cosmic Radiation","Dimethylamines","Dimethylamines: chemistry","Greenhouse Effect","Human Activities","Models","Particulate Matter","Particulate Matter: chemistry","Quantum Theory","Sulfur Dioxide","Sulfur Dioxide: chemistry","Sulfuric Acids","Sulfuric Acids: chemistry"],"downloads":0},"search_terms":["molecular","understanding","sulphuric","acid","amine","particle","nucleation","atmosphere","almeida","schobesberger","kürten","ortega","kupiainen-määttä","praplan","adamov","amorim","bianchi","breitenlechner","david","dommen","donahue","downard","dunne","duplissy","ehrhart","flagan","franchin","guida","hakala","hansel","heinritzi","henschel","jokinen","junninen","kajos","kangasluoma","keskinen","kupc","kurtén","kvashin","laaksonen","lehtipalo","leiminger","leppä","loukonen","makhmutov","mathot","mcgrath","nieminen","olenius","onnela","petäjä","riccobono","riipinen","rissanen","rondo","ruuskanen","santos","sarnela","schallhart","schnitzhofer","seinfeld","simon","sipilä","stozhkov","stratmann","tomé","tröstl","tsagkogeorgas","vaattovaara","viisanen","virtanen","vrtala","wagner","weingartner","wex","williamson","wimmer","ye","yli-juuti","carslaw","kulmala","curtius","baltensperger","worsnop","vehkamäki","kirkby"],"keywords":["amines","amines: chemistry","atmosphere","atmosphere: chemistry","chemical","cosmic radiation","dimethylamines","dimethylamines: chemistry","greenhouse effect","human activities","models","particulate matter","particulate matter: chemistry","quantum theory","sulfur dioxide","sulfur dioxide: chemistry","sulfuric acids","sulfuric acids: chemistry"],"authorIDs":[]}