Activity-dependent presynaptic facilitation and hebbian LTP are both required and interact during classical conditioning in Aplysia. Antonov, I., Antonova, I., Kandel, E. R, & Hawkins, R. D Neuron, 37(1):135-47, 2003.
abstract   bibtex   
Using a simplified preparation of the Aplysia siphon-withdrawal reflex, we previously found that associative plasticity at synapses between sensory neurons and motor neurons contributes importantly to classical conditioning of the reflex. We have now tested the roles in that plasticity of two associative cellular mechanisms: activity-dependent enhancement of presynaptic facilitation and postsynaptically induced long-term potentiation. By perturbing molecular signaling pathways in individual neurons, we have provided the most direct evidence to date that each of these mechanisms contributes to behavioral learning. In addition, our results suggest that the two mechanisms are not independent but rather interact through retrograde signaling.
@Article{Antonov2003,
  author   = {Igor Antonov and Irina Antonova and Eric R Kandel and Robert D Hawkins},
  journal  = {Neuron},
  title    = {Activity-dependent presynaptic facilitation and hebbian {LTP} are both required and interact during classical conditioning in {A}plysia.},
  year     = {2003},
  number   = {1},
  pages    = {135-47},
  volume   = {37},
  abstract = {Using a simplified preparation of the Aplysia siphon-withdrawal reflex,
	we previously found that associative plasticity at synapses between
	sensory neurons and motor neurons contributes importantly to classical
	conditioning of the reflex. We have now tested the roles in that
	plasticity of two associative cellular mechanisms: activity-dependent
	enhancement of presynaptic facilitation and postsynaptically induced
	long-term potentiation. By perturbing molecular signaling pathways
	in individual neurons, we have provided the most direct evidence
	to date that each of these mechanisms contributes to behavioral learning.
	In addition, our results suggest that the two mechanisms are not
	independent but rather interact through retrograde signaling.},
  keywords = {Amygdala, Animals, Evaluation Studies, Hippocampus, Human, Learning, Long-Term Potentiation, Memory, Models, Neurological, Neural Pathways, Neuronal Plasticity, Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Synapses, 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate, Electric Stimulation, Isomerism, Rats, Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate, Neurotransmitter, Valine, Visual Perception, Action Potentials, Calcium Signaling, Central Nervous System, Chelating Agents, Conditioning (Psychology), Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases, Enzyme Inhibitors, Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists, Motor Neurons, Neurons, Afferent, Reaction Time, Reflex, Signal Transduction, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S., Synaptic Transmission, 12526779},
}

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