Long-Term Study of above- and below-Ground Biomass Production in Relation to Nitrogen and Carbon Accumulation Dynamics in a Grey Alder (Alnus Incana (L.) Moench) Plantation on Former Agricultural Land. Aosaar, J., Varik, M., Lõhmus, K., Ostonen, I., Becker, H., & Uri, V. European Journal of Forest Research, 132(5-6):737–749, 2013.
doi  abstract   bibtex   
In the Northern and Baltic countries, grey alder is a prospective tree species for short-rotation forestry. Hence, knowledge about the functioning of such forest ecosystems is critical in order to manage them in a sustainable and environmentally sound way. The 17-year-long continuous time series study is conducted in a grey alder plantation growing on abandoned agricultural land. The results of above- and below-ground biomass and production of the 17-year-old stand are compared to the earlier published respective data from the same stand at the ages of 5 and 10~years. The objectives of the current study were to assess (1) above-ground biomass (AGB) and production; (2) below-ground biomass: coarse root biomass (CRB), fine root biomass (FRB) and fine root production (FRP); (3) carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) accumulation dynamics in grey alder stand growing on former arable land. The main results of the 17-year-old stand were as follows: AGB 120.8~t~ha-1; current annual increment of the stem mass 5.7~t~ha~year-1; calculated CRB 22.3~t~ha-1; FRB 81~$\pm~$10~g~m-2; nodule biomass 31~$\pm~$19~g~m-2; fine root necromass 11~$\pm~$2~g~m-2; FRP 53~g~DM~m-2~year-1; fine root turnover rate 0.54~year-1; and fine root longevity 1.9~years. FRB was strongly correlated with the stand basal area and stem mass. Fine root efficiency was the highest at the age of 10~years; at the age of 17~years, it had slightly reduced. Grey alder stand significantly increased N and Corg content in topsoil. The role of fine roots for the sequestration of C is quite modest compared to leaf litter C flux. [Excerpt: Conclusions] Bioproduction of grey alder stand growing on abandoned agricultural land was very high at a young age; the species can be considered suitable for SRF. The CAI of grey alder fluctuates greatly, probably depending on weather conditions in different years and the age of the stand. The FRB dynamic in grey alder stand stabilized already at the stand age of 10 years, and in the 17-year-old stand, it had not increased. However, the FRB per tree had increased continuously throughout the stand development due to the natural self-harvesting process and the decreasing number of trees. A strong positive correlation was established between FRB and stands basal area and stem mass. The NB increased during stand development but at the same time, the number of nodules decreased. However, the NB was probably underestimated due to used methods. Grey alder stand affects the N and C status of soil to a great extent; however, it is mainly affected by the above-ground litter flux. The contribution of fine roots to the sequestration of N or C into soil is modest owing to their small biomass and annual production. Due to favourable conditions, the decomposition of fine roots was rapid and fine root necromass in soil remains low.
@article{aosaarLongtermStudyBelowground2013,
  title = {Long-Term Study of above- and below-Ground Biomass Production in Relation to Nitrogen and Carbon Accumulation Dynamics in a Grey Alder ({{Alnus}} Incana ({{L}}.) {{Moench}}) Plantation on Former Agricultural Land},
  author = {Aosaar, J{\"u}rgen and Varik, Mats and L{\~o}hmus, Krista and Ostonen, Ivika and Becker, Hardo and Uri, Veiko},
  year = {2013},
  volume = {132},
  pages = {737--749},
  issn = {1612-4677},
  doi = {10.1007/s10342-013-0706-1},
  abstract = {In the Northern and Baltic countries, grey alder is a prospective tree species for short-rotation forestry. Hence, knowledge about the functioning of such forest ecosystems is critical in order to manage them in a sustainable and environmentally sound way. The 17-year-long continuous time series study is conducted in a grey alder plantation growing on abandoned agricultural land. The results of above- and below-ground biomass and production of the 17-year-old stand are compared to the earlier published respective data from the same stand at the ages of 5 and 10~years. The objectives of the current study were to assess (1) above-ground biomass (AGB) and production; (2) below-ground biomass: coarse root biomass (CRB), fine root biomass (FRB) and fine root production (FRP); (3) carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) accumulation dynamics in grey alder stand growing on former arable land. The main results of the 17-year-old stand were as follows: AGB 120.8~t~ha-1; current annual increment of the stem mass 5.7~t~ha~year-1; calculated CRB 22.3~t~ha-1; FRB 81~{$\pm~$}10~g~m-2; nodule biomass 31~{$\pm~$}19~g~m-2; fine root necromass 11~{$\pm~$}2~g~m-2; FRP 53~g~DM~m-2~year-1; fine root turnover rate 0.54~year-1; and fine root longevity 1.9~years. FRB was strongly correlated with the stand basal area and stem mass. Fine root efficiency was the highest at the age of 10~years; at the age of 17~years, it had slightly reduced. Grey alder stand significantly increased N and Corg content in topsoil. The role of fine roots for the sequestration of C is quite modest compared to leaf litter C flux.

[Excerpt: Conclusions]

Bioproduction of grey alder stand growing on abandoned agricultural land was very high at a young age; the species can be considered suitable for SRF. The CAI of grey alder fluctuates greatly, probably depending on weather conditions in different years and the age of the stand. The FRB dynamic in grey alder stand stabilized already at the stand age of 10 years, and in the 17-year-old stand, it had not increased. However, the FRB per tree had increased continuously throughout the stand development due to the natural self-harvesting process and the decreasing number of trees. A strong positive correlation was established between FRB and stands basal area and stem mass. The NB increased during stand development but at the same time, the number of nodules decreased. However, the NB was probably underestimated due to used methods. Grey alder stand affects the N and C status of soil to a great extent; however, it is mainly affected by the above-ground litter flux. The contribution of fine roots to the sequestration of N or C into soil is modest owing to their small biomass and annual production. Due to favourable conditions, the decomposition of fine roots was rapid and fine root necromass in soil remains low.},
  journal = {European Journal of Forest Research},
  keywords = {*imported-from-citeulike-INRMM,~INRMM-MiD:c-13621259,~to-add-doi-URL,alnus-incana,biomass-production,carbon,fine-roots,nitrogen},
  lccn = {INRMM-MiD:c-13621259},
  number = {5-6}
}

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