Clinical characteristics of patients with spinocerebellar ataxias 1, 2, 3 and 6 in the US; a prospective observational study. Ashizawa, T., Figueroa, K. P., Perlman, S. L., Gomez, C. M., Wilmot, G. R., Schmahmann, J. D., Ying, S. H., Zesiewicz, T. A., Paulson, H. L., Shakkottai, V. G., Bushara, K. O., Kuo, S., Geschwind, M. D., Xia, G., Mazzoni, P., Krischer, J. P., Cuthbertson, D., Holbert, A. R., Ferguson, J. H., Pulst, S. M., & Subramony, S. H. Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases, 8:177, 11, 2013. doi abstract bibtex BACKGROUND: All spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) are rare diseases. SCA1, 2, 3 and 6 are the four most common SCAs, all caused by expanded polyglutamine-coding CAG repeats. Their pathomechanisms are becoming increasingly clear and well-designed clinical trials will be needed. METHODS: To characterize the clinical manifestations of spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) 1, 2, 3 and 6 and their natural histories in the United States (US), we conducted a prospective multicenter study utilized a protocol identical to the European consortium study, using the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA) score as the primary outcome, with follow-ups every 6 months up to 2 years. RESULTS: We enrolled 345 patients (60 SCA1, 75 SCA2, 138 SCA3 and 72 SCA6) at 12 US centers. SCA6 patients had a significantly later onset, and SCA2 patients showed greater upper-body ataxia than patients with the remaining SCAs. The annual increase of SARA score was greater in SCA1 patients (mean \textpm SE: 1.61 \textpm 0.41) than in SCA2 (0.71 \textpm 0.31), SCA3 (0.65 \textpm 0.24) and SCA6 (0.87 \textpm 0.28) patients (p = 0.049). The functional stage also worsened faster in SCA1 than in SCA2, 3 and 6 (p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: The proportions of different SCA patients in US differ from those in the European consortium study, but as in the European patients, SCA1 progress faster than those with SCA2, 3 and 6. Later onset in SCA6 and greater upper body ataxia in SCA2 were noted. We conclude that progression rates of these SCAs were comparable between US and Europe cohorts, suggesting the feasibility of international collaborative clinical studies.
@article{ashizawa_clinical_2013,
title = {Clinical characteristics of patients with spinocerebellar ataxias 1, 2, 3 and 6 in the {US}; a prospective observational study},
volume = {8},
issn = {1750-1172},
doi = {10.1186/1750-1172-8-177},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: All spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) are rare diseases. SCA1, 2, 3 and 6 are the four most common SCAs, all caused by expanded polyglutamine-coding CAG repeats. Their pathomechanisms are becoming increasingly clear and well-designed clinical trials will be needed.
METHODS: To characterize the clinical manifestations of spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) 1, 2, 3 and 6 and their natural histories in the United States (US), we conducted a prospective multicenter study utilized a protocol identical to the European consortium study, using the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA) score as the primary outcome, with follow-ups every 6 months up to 2 years.
RESULTS: We enrolled 345 patients (60 SCA1, 75 SCA2, 138 SCA3 and 72 SCA6) at 12 US centers. SCA6 patients had a significantly later onset, and SCA2 patients showed greater upper-body ataxia than patients with the remaining SCAs. The annual increase of SARA score was greater in SCA1 patients (mean {\textpm} SE: 1.61 {\textpm} 0.41) than in SCA2 (0.71 {\textpm} 0.31), SCA3 (0.65 {\textpm} 0.24) and SCA6 (0.87 {\textpm} 0.28) patients (p = 0.049). The functional stage also worsened faster in SCA1 than in SCA2, 3 and 6 (p = 0.002).
CONCLUSIONS: The proportions of different SCA patients in US differ from those in the European consortium study, but as in the European patients, SCA1 progress faster than those with SCA2, 3 and 6. Later onset in SCA6 and greater upper body ataxia in SCA2 were noted. We conclude that progression rates of these SCAs were comparable between US and Europe cohorts, suggesting the feasibility of international collaborative clinical studies.},
language = {eng},
journal = {Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases},
author = {Ashizawa, Tetsuo and Figueroa, Karla P. and Perlman, Susan L. and Gomez, Christopher M. and Wilmot, George R. and Schmahmann, Jeremy D. and Ying, Sarah H. and Zesiewicz, Theresa A. and Paulson, Henry L. and Shakkottai, Vikram G. and Bushara, Khalaf O. and Kuo, Sheng-Han and Geschwind, Michael D. and Xia, Guangbin and Mazzoni, Pietro and Krischer, Jeffrey P. and Cuthbertson, David and Holbert, Amy Roberts and Ferguson, John H. and Pulst, Stefan M. and Subramony, S. H.},
month = 11,
year = {2013},
pmid = {24225362},
pmcid = {PMC3843578},
keywords = {Humans, Female, Male, Adult, Spinocerebellar Ataxias, Prospective Studies},
pages = {177}
}
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SCA1, 2, 3 and 6 are the four most common SCAs, all caused by expanded polyglutamine-coding CAG repeats. Their pathomechanisms are becoming increasingly clear and well-designed clinical trials will be needed. METHODS: To characterize the clinical manifestations of spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) 1, 2, 3 and 6 and their natural histories in the United States (US), we conducted a prospective multicenter study utilized a protocol identical to the European consortium study, using the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA) score as the primary outcome, with follow-ups every 6 months up to 2 years. RESULTS: We enrolled 345 patients (60 SCA1, 75 SCA2, 138 SCA3 and 72 SCA6) at 12 US centers. SCA6 patients had a significantly later onset, and SCA2 patients showed greater upper-body ataxia than patients with the remaining SCAs. The annual increase of SARA score was greater in SCA1 patients (mean \\textpm SE: 1.61 \\textpm 0.41) than in SCA2 (0.71 \\textpm 0.31), SCA3 (0.65 \\textpm 0.24) and SCA6 (0.87 \\textpm 0.28) patients (p = 0.049). The functional stage also worsened faster in SCA1 than in SCA2, 3 and 6 (p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: The proportions of different SCA patients in US differ from those in the European consortium study, but as in the European patients, SCA1 progress faster than those with SCA2, 3 and 6. Later onset in SCA6 and greater upper body ataxia in SCA2 were noted. We conclude that progression rates of these SCAs were comparable between US and Europe cohorts, suggesting the feasibility of international collaborative clinical studies.","language":"eng","journal":"Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases","author":[{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Ashizawa"],"firstnames":["Tetsuo"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Figueroa"],"firstnames":["Karla","P."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Perlman"],"firstnames":["Susan","L."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Gomez"],"firstnames":["Christopher","M."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Wilmot"],"firstnames":["George","R."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Schmahmann"],"firstnames":["Jeremy","D."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Ying"],"firstnames":["Sarah","H."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Zesiewicz"],"firstnames":["Theresa","A."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Paulson"],"firstnames":["Henry","L."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Shakkottai"],"firstnames":["Vikram","G."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Bushara"],"firstnames":["Khalaf","O."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Kuo"],"firstnames":["Sheng-Han"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Geschwind"],"firstnames":["Michael","D."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Xia"],"firstnames":["Guangbin"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Mazzoni"],"firstnames":["Pietro"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Krischer"],"firstnames":["Jeffrey","P."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Cuthbertson"],"firstnames":["David"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Holbert"],"firstnames":["Amy","Roberts"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Ferguson"],"firstnames":["John","H."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Pulst"],"firstnames":["Stefan","M."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Subramony"],"firstnames":["S.","H."],"suffixes":[]}],"month":"11","year":"2013","pmid":"24225362","pmcid":"PMC3843578","keywords":"Humans, Female, Male, Adult, Spinocerebellar Ataxias, Prospective Studies","pages":"177","bibtex":"@article{ashizawa_clinical_2013,\n\ttitle = {Clinical characteristics of patients with spinocerebellar ataxias 1, 2, 3 and 6 in the {US}; a prospective observational study},\n\tvolume = {8},\n\tissn = {1750-1172},\n\tdoi = {10.1186/1750-1172-8-177},\n\tabstract = {BACKGROUND: All spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) are rare diseases. SCA1, 2, 3 and 6 are the four most common SCAs, all caused by expanded polyglutamine-coding CAG repeats. Their pathomechanisms are becoming increasingly clear and well-designed clinical trials will be needed.\nMETHODS: To characterize the clinical manifestations of spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) 1, 2, 3 and 6 and their natural histories in the United States (US), we conducted a prospective multicenter study utilized a protocol identical to the European consortium study, using the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA) score as the primary outcome, with follow-ups every 6 months up to 2 years.\nRESULTS: We enrolled 345 patients (60 SCA1, 75 SCA2, 138 SCA3 and 72 SCA6) at 12 US centers. SCA6 patients had a significantly later onset, and SCA2 patients showed greater upper-body ataxia than patients with the remaining SCAs. The annual increase of SARA score was greater in SCA1 patients (mean {\\textpm} SE: 1.61 {\\textpm} 0.41) than in SCA2 (0.71 {\\textpm} 0.31), SCA3 (0.65 {\\textpm} 0.24) and SCA6 (0.87 {\\textpm} 0.28) patients (p = 0.049). The functional stage also worsened faster in SCA1 than in SCA2, 3 and 6 (p = 0.002).\nCONCLUSIONS: The proportions of different SCA patients in US differ from those in the European consortium study, but as in the European patients, SCA1 progress faster than those with SCA2, 3 and 6. Later onset in SCA6 and greater upper body ataxia in SCA2 were noted. We conclude that progression rates of these SCAs were comparable between US and Europe cohorts, suggesting the feasibility of international collaborative clinical studies.},\n\tlanguage = {eng},\n\tjournal = {Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases},\n\tauthor = {Ashizawa, Tetsuo and Figueroa, Karla P. and Perlman, Susan L. and Gomez, Christopher M. and Wilmot, George R. and Schmahmann, Jeremy D. and Ying, Sarah H. and Zesiewicz, Theresa A. and Paulson, Henry L. and Shakkottai, Vikram G. and Bushara, Khalaf O. and Kuo, Sheng-Han and Geschwind, Michael D. and Xia, Guangbin and Mazzoni, Pietro and Krischer, Jeffrey P. and Cuthbertson, David and Holbert, Amy Roberts and Ferguson, John H. and Pulst, Stefan M. and Subramony, S. H.},\n\tmonth = 11,\n\tyear = {2013},\n\tpmid = {24225362},\n\tpmcid = {PMC3843578},\n\tkeywords = {Humans, Female, Male, Adult, Spinocerebellar Ataxias, Prospective Studies},\n\tpages = {177}\n}\n\n","author_short":["Ashizawa, T.","Figueroa, K. P.","Perlman, S. 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