The Origin and Evolution of the Interstellar Medium in Early-type Galaxies Chapter IV -Chandra Observations of Early-type Galaxies. Athey, A., E. & Bregman, J., N. Ph.D. Thesis, 2007.
The Origin and Evolution of the Interstellar Medium in Early-type Galaxies Chapter IV -Chandra Observations of Early-type Galaxies [pdf]Paper  The Origin and Evolution of the Interstellar Medium in Early-type Galaxies Chapter IV -Chandra Observations of Early-type Galaxies [pdf]Website  abstract   bibtex   
We have performed uniform analysis of a sample of 54 nearby, early-type galaxies observed with Chandra. In this work we present the spectral results for both the diffuse Interstellar Medium, ISM, and low-mass X-ray binaries, LMXBs. We determine the metallicity of the hot ISM in the 22 brightest galaxies and find a narrow range of abundance ratios relative to iron. The average iron metallicity of these bright galaxies is 0.96 ± 0.33 relative to solar. By assuming these enrichment patterns continue to fainter galaxies, we are able to extend accurate ISM modeling down to the faintest galaxies in the sample. The sample of galaxies span 4.5 orders of magnitude in X-ray luminosity starting at L X = 10 38 erg ·s −1 and the average gas temperature in the sample is 0.58 ± 0.24 keV . We present the X-ray properties of these galaxies scaled to one effective radius as well as radial variations of gas and stellar binary luminosities, and radial variations of gas temperature, metallicity, mass, entropy and density.

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