Spatial patterns and dynamic responses of arctic food webs corroborate the exploitation ecosystems hypothesis (EEH). Aunapuu, M., Dahlgren, J., Oksanen, T., Grellmann, D., Oksanen, L., Olofsson, J., Rammul, U., Schneider, M., Johansen, B., & Hygen, H. O. American Naturalist, 171(2):249–262, February, 2008. doi abstract bibtex According to the exploitation ecosystems hypothesis (EEH), productive terrestrial ecosystems are characterized by community-level trophic cascades, whereas unproductive ecosystems harbor food-limited grazers, which regulate community-level plant biomass. We tested this hypothesis along arctic-alpine productivity gradients at the Joatka field base, Finnmark, Norway. In unproductive habitats, mammalian predators were absent and plant biomass was constant, whereas herbivore biomass varied, reflecting the productivity of the habitat. In productive habitats, predatory mammals were persistently present and plant biomass varied in space, but herbivore biomass did not. Plant biomass of productive tundra scrublands declined by 40% when vegetation blocks were transferred to predation-free islands. Corresponding transfer to herbivore-free islands triggered an increase in plant biomass. Fertilization of an unproductive tundra heath resulted in a fourfold increase in rodent density and a corresponding increase in winter grazing activity, whereas the total aboveground plant biomass remained unchanged. These results corroborate the predictions of the EEH, implying that the endotherm community and the vegetation of the North European tundra behaves dynamically as if each trophic level consisted of a single population, in spite of local co-occurrence of \textgreater 20 plant species representing different major taxonomic groups, growth forms, and defensive strategies.
@article{aunapuu_spatial_2008,
title = {Spatial patterns and dynamic responses of arctic food webs corroborate the exploitation ecosystems hypothesis ({EEH})},
volume = {171},
issn = {0003-0147},
doi = {10.1086/524951},
abstract = {According to the exploitation ecosystems hypothesis (EEH), productive terrestrial ecosystems are characterized by community-level trophic cascades, whereas unproductive ecosystems harbor food-limited grazers, which regulate community-level plant biomass. We tested this hypothesis along arctic-alpine productivity gradients at the Joatka field base, Finnmark, Norway. In unproductive habitats, mammalian predators were absent and plant biomass was constant, whereas herbivore biomass varied, reflecting the productivity of the habitat. In productive habitats, predatory mammals were persistently present and plant biomass varied in space, but herbivore biomass did not. Plant biomass of productive tundra scrublands declined by 40\% when vegetation blocks were transferred to predation-free islands. Corresponding transfer to herbivore-free islands triggered an increase in plant biomass. Fertilization of an unproductive tundra heath resulted in a fourfold increase in rodent density and a corresponding increase in winter grazing activity, whereas the total aboveground plant biomass remained unchanged. These results corroborate the predictions of the EEH, implying that the endotherm community and the vegetation of the North European tundra behaves dynamically as if each trophic level consisted of a single population, in spite of local co-occurrence of {\textgreater} 20 plant species representing different major taxonomic groups, growth forms, and defensive strategies.},
language = {English},
number = {2},
journal = {American Naturalist},
author = {Aunapuu, Maano and Dahlgren, Jonas and Oksanen, Tarja and Grellmann, Doris and Oksanen, Lauri and Olofsson, Johan and Rammul, Uellar and Schneider, Michael and Johansen, Bernt and Hygen, Hans Olav},
month = feb,
year = {2008},
keywords = {\#nosource, Arctic, Plant communities, habitat selection, herbivory, long-term, north fennoscandian tundra, plant community, population-dynamics, predation, primary productivity, real differences, trophic cascades, tundra vegetation, white-tailed deer, yellowstone-national-park},
pages = {249--262},
}
Downloads: 0
{"_id":"zPMqAKPgAmJnERkK4","bibbaseid":"aunapuu-dahlgren-oksanen-grellmann-oksanen-olofsson-rammul-schneider-etal-spatialpatternsanddynamicresponsesofarcticfoodwebscorroboratetheexploitationecosystemshypothesiseeh-2008","author_short":["Aunapuu, M.","Dahlgren, J.","Oksanen, T.","Grellmann, D.","Oksanen, L.","Olofsson, J.","Rammul, U.","Schneider, M.","Johansen, B.","Hygen, H. O."],"bibdata":{"bibtype":"article","type":"article","title":"Spatial patterns and dynamic responses of arctic food webs corroborate the exploitation ecosystems hypothesis (EEH)","volume":"171","issn":"0003-0147","doi":"10.1086/524951","abstract":"According to the exploitation ecosystems hypothesis (EEH), productive terrestrial ecosystems are characterized by community-level trophic cascades, whereas unproductive ecosystems harbor food-limited grazers, which regulate community-level plant biomass. We tested this hypothesis along arctic-alpine productivity gradients at the Joatka field base, Finnmark, Norway. In unproductive habitats, mammalian predators were absent and plant biomass was constant, whereas herbivore biomass varied, reflecting the productivity of the habitat. In productive habitats, predatory mammals were persistently present and plant biomass varied in space, but herbivore biomass did not. Plant biomass of productive tundra scrublands declined by 40% when vegetation blocks were transferred to predation-free islands. Corresponding transfer to herbivore-free islands triggered an increase in plant biomass. Fertilization of an unproductive tundra heath resulted in a fourfold increase in rodent density and a corresponding increase in winter grazing activity, whereas the total aboveground plant biomass remained unchanged. These results corroborate the predictions of the EEH, implying that the endotherm community and the vegetation of the North European tundra behaves dynamically as if each trophic level consisted of a single population, in spite of local co-occurrence of \\textgreater 20 plant species representing different major taxonomic groups, growth forms, and defensive strategies.","language":"English","number":"2","journal":"American Naturalist","author":[{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Aunapuu"],"firstnames":["Maano"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Dahlgren"],"firstnames":["Jonas"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Oksanen"],"firstnames":["Tarja"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Grellmann"],"firstnames":["Doris"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Oksanen"],"firstnames":["Lauri"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Olofsson"],"firstnames":["Johan"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Rammul"],"firstnames":["Uellar"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Schneider"],"firstnames":["Michael"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Johansen"],"firstnames":["Bernt"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Hygen"],"firstnames":["Hans","Olav"],"suffixes":[]}],"month":"February","year":"2008","keywords":"#nosource, Arctic, Plant communities, habitat selection, herbivory, long-term, north fennoscandian tundra, plant community, population-dynamics, predation, primary productivity, real differences, trophic cascades, tundra vegetation, white-tailed deer, yellowstone-national-park","pages":"249–262","bibtex":"@article{aunapuu_spatial_2008,\n\ttitle = {Spatial patterns and dynamic responses of arctic food webs corroborate the exploitation ecosystems hypothesis ({EEH})},\n\tvolume = {171},\n\tissn = {0003-0147},\n\tdoi = {10.1086/524951},\n\tabstract = {According to the exploitation ecosystems hypothesis (EEH), productive terrestrial ecosystems are characterized by community-level trophic cascades, whereas unproductive ecosystems harbor food-limited grazers, which regulate community-level plant biomass. We tested this hypothesis along arctic-alpine productivity gradients at the Joatka field base, Finnmark, Norway. In unproductive habitats, mammalian predators were absent and plant biomass was constant, whereas herbivore biomass varied, reflecting the productivity of the habitat. In productive habitats, predatory mammals were persistently present and plant biomass varied in space, but herbivore biomass did not. Plant biomass of productive tundra scrublands declined by 40\\% when vegetation blocks were transferred to predation-free islands. Corresponding transfer to herbivore-free islands triggered an increase in plant biomass. Fertilization of an unproductive tundra heath resulted in a fourfold increase in rodent density and a corresponding increase in winter grazing activity, whereas the total aboveground plant biomass remained unchanged. These results corroborate the predictions of the EEH, implying that the endotherm community and the vegetation of the North European tundra behaves dynamically as if each trophic level consisted of a single population, in spite of local co-occurrence of {\\textgreater} 20 plant species representing different major taxonomic groups, growth forms, and defensive strategies.},\n\tlanguage = {English},\n\tnumber = {2},\n\tjournal = {American Naturalist},\n\tauthor = {Aunapuu, Maano and Dahlgren, Jonas and Oksanen, Tarja and Grellmann, Doris and Oksanen, Lauri and Olofsson, Johan and Rammul, Uellar and Schneider, Michael and Johansen, Bernt and Hygen, Hans Olav},\n\tmonth = feb,\n\tyear = {2008},\n\tkeywords = {\\#nosource, Arctic, Plant communities, habitat selection, herbivory, long-term, north fennoscandian tundra, plant community, population-dynamics, predation, primary productivity, real differences, trophic cascades, tundra vegetation, white-tailed deer, yellowstone-national-park},\n\tpages = {249--262},\n}\n\n\n\n","author_short":["Aunapuu, M.","Dahlgren, J.","Oksanen, T.","Grellmann, D.","Oksanen, L.","Olofsson, J.","Rammul, U.","Schneider, M.","Johansen, B.","Hygen, H. O."],"key":"aunapuu_spatial_2008","id":"aunapuu_spatial_2008","bibbaseid":"aunapuu-dahlgren-oksanen-grellmann-oksanen-olofsson-rammul-schneider-etal-spatialpatternsanddynamicresponsesofarcticfoodwebscorroboratetheexploitationecosystemshypothesiseeh-2008","role":"author","urls":{},"keyword":["#nosource","Arctic","Plant communities","habitat selection","herbivory","long-term","north fennoscandian tundra","plant community","population-dynamics","predation","primary productivity","real differences","trophic cascades","tundra vegetation","white-tailed deer","yellowstone-national-park"],"metadata":{"authorlinks":{}},"html":""},"bibtype":"article","biburl":"https://bibbase.org/zotero/circ-publications","dataSources":["Mdrhvw5KhxFbTbWoS","nbqZWNnSmJwdJFEEB"],"keywords":["#nosource","arctic","plant communities","habitat selection","herbivory","long-term","north fennoscandian tundra","plant community","population-dynamics","predation","primary productivity","real differences","trophic cascades","tundra vegetation","white-tailed deer","yellowstone-national-park"],"search_terms":["spatial","patterns","dynamic","responses","arctic","food","webs","corroborate","exploitation","ecosystems","hypothesis","eeh","aunapuu","dahlgren","oksanen","grellmann","oksanen","olofsson","rammul","schneider","johansen","hygen"],"title":"Spatial patterns and dynamic responses of arctic food webs corroborate the exploitation ecosystems hypothesis (EEH)","year":2008}