@article{Baillet2024,
abstract = {Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has not been associated with increases in suicidal behavior at the national, regional, or county level. However, previous studies were not conducted on a finer scale or adjusted for ecological factors. Objective: Our objective was to assess the fine-scale spatiotemporal association between self-harm and COVID-19 hospitalizations, while considering ecological factors. Methods: Using the French national hospital discharge database, we extracted data on hospitalizations for self-harm of patients older than 10 years (from 2019 to 2021) or for COVID-19 (from 2020 to 2021) in metropolitan France. We first calculated monthly standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for COVID-19 between March 2020 and December 2021, using a Besag, York, and Molli{\'{e}} spatiotemporal model. Next, we entered the SIRs into an ecological regression in order to test the association between hospital admissions for self-harm and those for COVID-19. Lastly, we adjusted for ecological variables with time lags of 0 to 6 months. Results: Compared with a smoothed SIR of ≤1, smoothed SIRs from 1 to 3, from 3 to 4, and greater than 4 for COVID-19 hospital admissions were associated with a subsequent increase in hospital admissions for self-harm, with a time lag of 2 to 4 months, 4 months, and 6 months, respectively. Conclusions: A high SIR for hospital admissions for COVID-19 was a risk factor for hospital admission for self-harm some months after the epidemic peaks. This finding emphasizes the importance of monitoring and seeking to prevent suicide attempts outside the epidemic peak periods.},
author = {Baillet, Ma{\"{e}}lle and Wathelet, Marielle and Lamer, Antoine and Fr{\'{e}}vent, Camille and Fovet, Thomas and D'Hondt, Fabien and Notredame, Charles Edouard and Vaiva, Guillaume and G{\'{e}}nin, Michael},
doi = {10.2196/52759},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/Downloads/jmir_public_health_covid_ts.pdf:pdf},
issn = {23692960},
journal = {JMIR public health and surveillance},
keywords = {COVID-19,data reuse,ecological regression,self-harm,spatiotemporal analysis},
language = {eng},
month = {aug},
pages = {e52759},
pmid = {39189893},
publisher = {JMIR Publications},
title = {{Association Between COVID-19 and Self-Harm: Nationwide Retrospective Ecological Spatiotemporal Study in Metropolitan France}},
volume = {10},
year = {2024}
}

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Methods: Using the French national hospital discharge database, we extracted data on hospitalizations for self-harm of patients older than 10 years (from 2019 to 2021) or for COVID-19 (from 2020 to 2021) in metropolitan France. We first calculated monthly standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for COVID-19 between March 2020 and December 2021, using a Besag, York, and Mollié spatiotemporal model. Next, we entered the SIRs into an ecological regression in order to test the association between hospital admissions for self-harm and those for COVID-19. Lastly, we adjusted for ecological variables with time lags of 0 to 6 months. Results: Compared with a smoothed SIR of ≤1, smoothed SIRs from 1 to 3, from 3 to 4, and greater than 4 for COVID-19 hospital admissions were associated with a subsequent increase in hospital admissions for self-harm, with a time lag of 2 to 4 months, 4 months, and 6 months, respectively. Conclusions: A high SIR for hospital admissions for COVID-19 was a risk factor for hospital admission for self-harm some months after the epidemic peaks. This finding emphasizes the importance of monitoring and seeking to prevent suicide attempts outside the epidemic peak periods.","author":[{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Baillet"],"firstnames":["Maëlle"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Wathelet"],"firstnames":["Marielle"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Lamer"],"firstnames":["Antoine"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Frévent"],"firstnames":["Camille"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Fovet"],"firstnames":["Thomas"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["D'Hondt"],"firstnames":["Fabien"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Notredame"],"firstnames":["Charles","Edouard"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Vaiva"],"firstnames":["Guillaume"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Génin"],"firstnames":["Michael"],"suffixes":[]}],"doi":"10.2196/52759","file":":C\\:/Users/fabie/Downloads/jmir_public_health_covid_ts.pdf:pdf","issn":"23692960","journal":"JMIR public health and surveillance","keywords":"COVID-19,data reuse,ecological regression,self-harm,spatiotemporal analysis","language":"eng","month":"aug","pages":"e52759","pmid":"39189893","publisher":"JMIR Publications","title":"Association Between COVID-19 and Self-Harm: Nationwide Retrospective Ecological Spatiotemporal Study in Metropolitan France","volume":"10","year":"2024","bibtex":"@article{Baillet2024,\nabstract = {Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has not been associated with increases in suicidal behavior at the national, regional, or county level. However, previous studies were not conducted on a finer scale or adjusted for ecological factors. Objective: Our objective was to assess the fine-scale spatiotemporal association between self-harm and COVID-19 hospitalizations, while considering ecological factors. Methods: Using the French national hospital discharge database, we extracted data on hospitalizations for self-harm of patients older than 10 years (from 2019 to 2021) or for COVID-19 (from 2020 to 2021) in metropolitan France. We first calculated monthly standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for COVID-19 between March 2020 and December 2021, using a Besag, York, and Molli{\\'{e}} spatiotemporal model. Next, we entered the SIRs into an ecological regression in order to test the association between hospital admissions for self-harm and those for COVID-19. Lastly, we adjusted for ecological variables with time lags of 0 to 6 months. Results: Compared with a smoothed SIR of ≤1, smoothed SIRs from 1 to 3, from 3 to 4, and greater than 4 for COVID-19 hospital admissions were associated with a subsequent increase in hospital admissions for self-harm, with a time lag of 2 to 4 months, 4 months, and 6 months, respectively. Conclusions: A high SIR for hospital admissions for COVID-19 was a risk factor for hospital admission for self-harm some months after the epidemic peaks. This finding emphasizes the importance of monitoring and seeking to prevent suicide attempts outside the epidemic peak periods.},\nauthor = {Baillet, Ma{\\\"{e}}lle and Wathelet, Marielle and Lamer, Antoine and Fr{\\'{e}}vent, Camille and Fovet, Thomas and D'Hondt, Fabien and Notredame, Charles Edouard and Vaiva, Guillaume and G{\\'{e}}nin, Michael},\ndoi = {10.2196/52759},\nfile = {:C\\:/Users/fabie/Downloads/jmir_public_health_covid_ts.pdf:pdf},\nissn = {23692960},\njournal = {JMIR public health and surveillance},\nkeywords = {COVID-19,data reuse,ecological regression,self-harm,spatiotemporal analysis},\nlanguage = {eng},\nmonth = {aug},\npages = {e52759},\npmid = {39189893},\npublisher = {JMIR Publications},\ntitle = {{Association Between COVID-19 and Self-Harm: Nationwide Retrospective Ecological Spatiotemporal Study in Metropolitan France}},\nvolume = {10},\nyear = {2024}\n}\n","author_short":["Baillet, M.","Wathelet, M.","Lamer, A.","Frévent, C.","Fovet, T.","D'Hondt, F.","Notredame, C. 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