A novel technique for enhancing the signal to noise of laser-based ultrasonic systems. Balogun, O., Pratt, N., & Murray, T. W. In IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium, 2004, volume 1, pages 48–51 Vol.1, August, 2004. doi abstract bibtex Conventional laser ultrasonic systems use pulsed laser sources to generate broadband acoustic waves. The theoretical signal to noise ratio (SNR) of these systems, in the shot noise limit, is inversely proportional to the square root of the bandwidth of the detection system. Previous researchers have shown that improvements in the SNR can be made by generating narrowband acoustic signals using temporally and/or spatially modulated laser pulses, and reducing the detection bandwidth accordingly. The paper describes the generation of high frequency acoustic waves using an amplitude modulated continuous wave (CW) laser. The acoustic signals are detected using a path stabilized Michelson interferometer coupled to an RF lock-in amplifier. This allows for control of the detection bandwidth, which can be reduced by several orders of magnitude below typical broadband laser ultrasonic systems. Experimental results are given showing CW generated acoustic waves in various material systems. The magnitude and phase of the acoustic signals in the frequency domain are detected by the interferometer/lock-in amplifier system, and these data are in turn processed to synthesize the time domain response. The use of narrowband generation/detection combined with subsequent time domain reconstruction allows for a large increase in SNR without losing the ability to distinguish individual acoustic arrivals or modes in the time domain.
@inproceedings{balogun_novel_2004,
title = {A novel technique for enhancing the signal to noise of laser-based ultrasonic systems},
volume = {1},
doi = {10.1109/ULTSYM.2004.1417665},
abstract = {Conventional laser ultrasonic systems use pulsed laser sources to generate broadband acoustic waves. The theoretical signal to noise ratio (SNR) of these systems, in the shot noise limit, is inversely proportional to the square root of the bandwidth of the detection system. Previous researchers have shown that improvements in the SNR can be made by generating narrowband acoustic signals using temporally and/or spatially modulated laser pulses, and reducing the detection bandwidth accordingly. The paper describes the generation of high frequency acoustic waves using an amplitude modulated continuous wave (CW) laser. The acoustic signals are detected using a path stabilized Michelson interferometer coupled to an RF lock-in amplifier. This allows for control of the detection bandwidth, which can be reduced by several orders of magnitude below typical broadband laser ultrasonic systems. Experimental results are given showing CW generated acoustic waves in various material systems. The magnitude and phase of the acoustic signals in the frequency domain are detected by the interferometer/lock-in amplifier system, and these data are in turn processed to synthesize the time domain response. The use of narrowband generation/detection combined with subsequent time domain reconstruction allows for a large increase in SNR without losing the ability to distinguish individual acoustic arrivals or modes in the time domain.},
booktitle = {{IEEE} {Ultrasonics} {Symposium}, 2004},
author = {Balogun, O. and Pratt, N. and Murray, T. W.},
month = aug,
year = {2004},
keywords = {acoustic generators, Acoustic noise, Acoustic pulses, Acoustic signal detection, Acoustic waves, AM CW laser, amplitude modulated continuous wave laser, Bandwidth, broadband acoustic waves, detection bandwidth, frequency domain, high frequency acoustic waves, interferometer/lock-in amplifier system, laser beam applications, Laser noise, Laser theory, laser-based ultrasonic systems, Michelson interferometers, Narrowband, narrowband acoustic signals, Optical pulse generation, photoacoustic effect, RF lock-in amplifier, shot noise, signal to noise ratio, Signal to noise ratio, SNR, stabilized Michelson interferometer, time domain reconstruction, ultrasonic devices},
pages = {48--51 Vol.1},
}
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The paper describes the generation of high frequency acoustic waves using an amplitude modulated continuous wave (CW) laser. The acoustic signals are detected using a path stabilized Michelson interferometer coupled to an RF lock-in amplifier. This allows for control of the detection bandwidth, which can be reduced by several orders of magnitude below typical broadband laser ultrasonic systems. Experimental results are given showing CW generated acoustic waves in various material systems. The magnitude and phase of the acoustic signals in the frequency domain are detected by the interferometer/lock-in amplifier system, and these data are in turn processed to synthesize the time domain response. 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The theoretical signal to noise ratio (SNR) of these systems, in the shot noise limit, is inversely proportional to the square root of the bandwidth of the detection system. Previous researchers have shown that improvements in the SNR can be made by generating narrowband acoustic signals using temporally and/or spatially modulated laser pulses, and reducing the detection bandwidth accordingly. The paper describes the generation of high frequency acoustic waves using an amplitude modulated continuous wave (CW) laser. The acoustic signals are detected using a path stabilized Michelson interferometer coupled to an RF lock-in amplifier. This allows for control of the detection bandwidth, which can be reduced by several orders of magnitude below typical broadband laser ultrasonic systems. Experimental results are given showing CW generated acoustic waves in various material systems. 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