Floret-Shaped Solid Domains on Giant Fluid Lipid Vesicles Induced by pH. Bandekar, A. & Sofou, S. LANGMUIR, 28(9):4113-4122, AMER CHEMICAL SOC, 3, 2012.
abstract   bibtex   
Lateral lipid phase separation of titratable PS or PA lipids and their assembly in domains induced by changes in pH are significant in liposome-based drug delivery: environmentally responsive lipid heterogeneities can be tuned to alter collective membrane properties such as permeability (altering drug release) and surface topography (altering drug carrier reactivity) impacting, therefore, the therapeutic outcomes. At the micrometer scale fluorescence microscopy on giant unilamellar fluid vesicles (GUVs) shows that lowering pH (from 7.0 to 5.0) promotes condensation of titratable PS or PA lipids into beautiful floret-shaped domains in which lipids are tightly packed via hydrogen-bonding and van der Waals interactions. The order of lipid packing within domains increases radially toward the domain center. Lowering pH enhances the lipid packing order, and at pH 5.0 domains appear to be entirely in the solid (gel) phase. Domains phenomenologically comprise a circular ``core'' cap beyond which interfacial instabilities emerge resembling leaf-like stripes. At pH 5.0 stripes are of almost vanishing Gaussian curvature independent of GUVs' preparation path and in agreement with a general condensation mechanism. Increasing incompressibility of domains is strongly correlated with a larger number of thinner stripes per domain and increasing relative rigidity of domains with smaller core cap areas. Line tension drives domain ripening; however, the final domain shape is a result of enhanced incompressibility and rigidity maximized by domain coupling across the bilayer. Introduction of a transmembrane osmotic gradient (hyperosmotic on the outer lipid leaflet) allows the domain condensation process to reach its maximum extent which, however, is limited by the minimal expansivity of the continuous fluid membrane.
@article{
 title = {Floret-Shaped Solid Domains on Giant Fluid Lipid Vesicles Induced by pH},
 type = {article},
 year = {2012},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 pages = {4113-4122},
 volume = {28},
 month = {3},
 publisher = {AMER CHEMICAL SOC},
 city = {1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA},
 id = {42a6d9e1-3126-3816-9f8f-c509e6051a12},
 created = {2015-12-14T19:51:25.000Z},
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 abstract = {Lateral lipid phase separation of titratable PS or PA lipids and their
assembly in domains induced by changes in pH are significant in
liposome-based drug delivery: environmentally responsive lipid
heterogeneities can be tuned to alter collective membrane properties
such as permeability (altering drug release) and surface topography
(altering drug carrier reactivity) impacting, therefore, the therapeutic
outcomes. At the micrometer scale fluorescence microscopy on giant
unilamellar fluid vesicles (GUVs) shows that lowering pH (from 7.0 to
5.0) promotes condensation of titratable PS or PA lipids into beautiful
floret-shaped domains in which lipids are tightly packed via
hydrogen-bonding and van der Waals interactions. The order of lipid
packing within domains increases radially toward the domain center.
Lowering pH enhances the lipid packing order, and at pH 5.0 domains
appear to be entirely in the solid (gel) phase. Domains
phenomenologically comprise a circular ``core'' cap beyond which
interfacial instabilities emerge resembling leaf-like stripes. At pH 5.0
stripes are of almost vanishing Gaussian curvature independent of GUVs'
preparation path and in agreement with a general condensation mechanism.
Increasing incompressibility of domains is strongly correlated with a
larger number of thinner stripes per domain and increasing relative
rigidity of domains with smaller core cap areas. Line tension drives
domain ripening; however, the final domain shape is a result of enhanced
incompressibility and rigidity maximized by domain coupling across the
bilayer. Introduction of a transmembrane osmotic gradient (hyperosmotic
on the outer lipid leaflet) allows the domain condensation process to
reach its maximum extent which, however, is limited by the minimal
expansivity of the continuous fluid membrane.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Bandekar, Amey and Sofou, Stavroula},
 journal = {LANGMUIR},
 number = {9}
}

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