@article{Barr2018,
abstract = {We assessed the additional diagnostic yield for Mycobacterium tuberculosis bloodstream infection (BSI) by doing more than one tuberculosis (TB) blood culture from HIV-infected inpatients. In a retrospective analysis of two cohorts based in Cape Town, South Africa, 72/99 (73{\%}) patients with M. tuberculosis BSI were identified by the first of two blood cultures during the same admission, with 27/99 (27{\%}; 95{\%} confidence interval [CI], 18 to 36{\%}) testing negative on the first culture but positive on the second. In a prospective evaluation of up to 6 blood cultures over 24 h, 9 of 14 (65{\%}) patients with M. tuberculosis BSI had M. tuberculosis grow on their first blood culture; 3 more patients (21{\%}) were identified by a second independent blood culture at the same time point, and the remaining 2 were diagnosed only on the 4th and 6th blood cultures. Additional blood cultures increase the yield for M. tuberculosis BSI, similar to what is reported for nonmycobacterial BSI.},
author = {Barr, David A and Kerkhoff, Andrew D and Schutz, Charlotte and Ward, Amy M and Davies, Gerry R and Wilkinson, Robert J and Meintjes, Graeme A},
doi = {10.1128/JCM.01914-17},
file = {:C$\backslash$:/Users/01462563/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Barr et al. - 2018 - HIV-associated iMycobacterium tuberculosisi bloodstream infection is underdiagnosed by single blood culture.pdf:pdf},
journal = {Journal of Clinical Microbiology},
keywords = {OA,fund{\_}ack,original},
mendeley-tags = {OA,fund{\_}ack,original},
month = {may},
number = {5},
pages = {e01914--17},
pmid = {29444831},
publisher = {American Society for Microbiology},
title = {{HIV-associated \textit{Mycobacterium tuberculosis} bloodstream infection is underdiagnosed by single blood culture.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29444831},
volume = {56},
year = {2018}
}

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In a prospective evaluation of up to 6 blood cultures over 24 h, 9 of 14 (65%) patients with M. tuberculosis BSI had M. tuberculosis grow on their first blood culture; 3 more patients (21%) were identified by a second independent blood culture at the same time point, and the remaining 2 were diagnosed only on the 4th and 6th blood cultures. 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