Secondary prevention of cervical cancer. Basu, P., Mittal, S., Bhadra Vale, D., & Chami Kharaji, Y. 47:73–85.
doi  abstract   bibtex   
Cervical cancer affects women in their reproductive ages. Screening is an important secondary prevention strategy. The long process of carcinogenic transformation from human papillomavirus (HPV) infection to invasive cancer provides ample opportunities to detect the disease at a stage when treatment is highly effective. Suitable screening tests are cytology, visual inspection after acetic acid application and HPV detection tests. Evidence of effectiveness of the tests to reduce cervical cancer mortality and the cost-effectiveness of screening programs have been demonstrated. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 and grade 3 are the high-grade cervical cancer precursors and need to be treated. Treatment is safe and effective with ablative or excisional techniques. The World Health Organization recommends screening women at least once in a lifetime between 30 and 49 years of age and ensuring effective treatment of the detected abnormalities. Combination of HPV vaccination and population-based screening will be instrumental in eliminating cervical cancer.
@article{basu_secondary_2018,
	title = {Secondary prevention of cervical cancer},
	volume = {47},
	issn = {1532-1932},
	doi = {10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2017.08.012},
	abstract = {Cervical cancer affects women in their reproductive ages. Screening is an important secondary prevention strategy. The long process of carcinogenic transformation from human papillomavirus ({HPV}) infection to invasive cancer provides ample opportunities to detect the disease at a stage when treatment is highly effective. Suitable screening tests are cytology, visual inspection after acetic acid application and {HPV} detection tests. Evidence of effectiveness of the tests to reduce cervical cancer mortality and the cost-effectiveness of screening programs have been demonstrated. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 and grade 3 are the high-grade cervical cancer precursors and need to be treated. Treatment is safe and effective with ablative or excisional techniques. The World Health Organization recommends screening women at least once in a lifetime between 30 and 49 years of age and ensuring effective treatment of the detected abnormalities. Combination of {HPV} vaccination and population-based screening will be instrumental in eliminating cervical cancer.},
	pages = {73--85},
	journaltitle = {Best Practice \& Research. Clinical Obstetrics \& Gynaecology},
	shortjournal = {Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol},
	author = {Basu, Partha and Mittal, Srabani and Bhadra Vale, Diama and Chami Kharaji, Youssef},
	date = {2018-02},
	pmid = {28988647},
	keywords = {Humans, Papillomavirus Infections, Female, Papillomaviridae, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms, Uterine Cervical Dysplasia, Global Burden of Disease, Ablative treatment, Cervical cancer screening, Disease Progression, Early Detection of Cancer, Excisional treatment, Human papillomavirus detection test, Mass Screening, Pap smear cytology, Papanicolaou Test, Secondary Prevention, Vaginal Smears, Visual inspection after acetic acid application},
}

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