@Article{Bavelier1994,
  author   = {D Bavelier},
  journal  = {Cognition},
  title    = {Repetition blindness between visually different items: {T}he case of pictures and words.},
  year     = {1994},
  number   = {3},
  pages    = {199-236},
  volume   = {51},
  abstract = {Repetition blindness (RB) is the failure to see or recall the second
	of two visually similar or identical items in rapid serial visual
	presentation. It was initially demonstrated by Kanwisher (1987),
	who proposed that a second token of a given word or object type cannot
	be established when the two items occur close in time. Bavelier and
	Potter (1992) showed that RB also occurs between visually different
	items that are phonologically similar. They proposed that RB may
	occur not only when the targets are physically similar, but also
	when they have to be registered or encoded in short-term memory (STM)
	along dimensions on which they are similar. This hypothesis predicts
	that RB between visually different items should not be restricted
	to words, but should occur with any stimuli, as long as the task
	requires these stimuli to be encoded along dimensions on which they
	are similar. Moreover, it also implies that a task that changes the
	preferred code of targets will affect the size of RB. The first prediction
	was confirmed by establishing RB between phonologically similar pictures
	and words, whether semantically related (the picture of a cat and
	the word "cat") or not (the picture of a sun and the word "son"),
	when using a task that requires phonological encoding (Experiments
	1 and 2). The second prediction was also supported: the magnitude
	of RB depended on whether the task required similar or different
	codes for pictures and words (Experiments 3 and 4). These experiments
	confirm that RB between visually different items is due to the similarity
	of the codes initially used in STM. The results suggest that RB can
	occur at any step during the instantiation of a token, arising not
	only from a failure to create a new token, but also from a failure
	to stabilize an opened token. In this view, tokens are to be seen
	as dynamical entities, built over time as a function of type activation
	and task requirements, and varying in stability as a function of
	the information that is entered into them.},
  keywords = {Computing Methodologies, Human, Language, Learning, Mental Processes, Models, Theoretical, Stochastic Processes, Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S., Cognition, Linguistics, Neural Networks (Computer), Practice (Psychology), Non-U.S. Gov't, Memory, Psychological, Task Performance and Analysis, Time Factors, Visual Perception, Adult, Attention, Discrimination Learning, Female, Male, Short-Term, Mental Recall, Orientation, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Perceptual Masking, Reading, 8194301},
}

{"_id":"25EvDJunLobmv9SGH","bibbaseid":"bavelier-repetitionblindnessbetweenvisuallydifferentitemsthecaseofpicturesandwords-1994","author_short":["Bavelier, D"],"bibdata":{"bibtype":"article","type":"article","author":[{"firstnames":["D"],"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Bavelier"],"suffixes":[]}],"journal":"Cognition","title":"Repetition blindness between visually different items: The case of pictures and words.","year":"1994","number":"3","pages":"199-236","volume":"51","abstract":"Repetition blindness (RB) is the failure to see or recall the second of two visually similar or identical items in rapid serial visual presentation. It was initially demonstrated by Kanwisher (1987), who proposed that a second token of a given word or object type cannot be established when the two items occur close in time. Bavelier and Potter (1992) showed that RB also occurs between visually different items that are phonologically similar. They proposed that RB may occur not only when the targets are physically similar, but also when they have to be registered or encoded in short-term memory (STM) along dimensions on which they are similar. This hypothesis predicts that RB between visually different items should not be restricted to words, but should occur with any stimuli, as long as the task requires these stimuli to be encoded along dimensions on which they are similar. Moreover, it also implies that a task that changes the preferred code of targets will affect the size of RB. The first prediction was confirmed by establishing RB between phonologically similar pictures and words, whether semantically related (the picture of a cat and the word \"cat\") or not (the picture of a sun and the word \"son\"), when using a task that requires phonological encoding (Experiments 1 and 2). The second prediction was also supported: the magnitude of RB depended on whether the task required similar or different codes for pictures and words (Experiments 3 and 4). These experiments confirm that RB between visually different items is due to the similarity of the codes initially used in STM. The results suggest that RB can occur at any step during the instantiation of a token, arising not only from a failure to create a new token, but also from a failure to stabilize an opened token. In this view, tokens are to be seen as dynamical entities, built over time as a function of type activation and task requirements, and varying in stability as a function of the information that is entered into them.","keywords":"Computing Methodologies, Human, Language, Learning, Mental Processes, Models, Theoretical, Stochastic Processes, Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S., Cognition, Linguistics, Neural Networks (Computer), Practice (Psychology), Non-U.S. Gov't, Memory, Psychological, Task Performance and Analysis, Time Factors, Visual Perception, Adult, Attention, Discrimination Learning, Female, Male, Short-Term, Mental Recall, Orientation, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Perceptual Masking, Reading, 8194301","bibtex":"@Article{Bavelier1994,\n author = {D Bavelier},\n journal = {Cognition},\n title = {Repetition blindness between visually different items: {T}he case of pictures and words.},\n year = {1994},\n number = {3},\n pages = {199-236},\n volume = {51},\n abstract = {Repetition blindness (RB) is the failure to see or recall the second\n\tof two visually similar or identical items in rapid serial visual\n\tpresentation. It was initially demonstrated by Kanwisher (1987),\n\twho proposed that a second token of a given word or object type cannot\n\tbe established when the two items occur close in time. Bavelier and\n\tPotter (1992) showed that RB also occurs between visually different\n\titems that are phonologically similar. They proposed that RB may\n\toccur not only when the targets are physically similar, but also\n\twhen they have to be registered or encoded in short-term memory (STM)\n\talong dimensions on which they are similar. This hypothesis predicts\n\tthat RB between visually different items should not be restricted\n\tto words, but should occur with any stimuli, as long as the task\n\trequires these stimuli to be encoded along dimensions on which they\n\tare similar. Moreover, it also implies that a task that changes the\n\tpreferred code of targets will affect the size of RB. The first prediction\n\twas confirmed by establishing RB between phonologically similar pictures\n\tand words, whether semantically related (the picture of a cat and\n\tthe word \"cat\") or not (the picture of a sun and the word \"son\"),\n\twhen using a task that requires phonological encoding (Experiments\n\t1 and 2). The second prediction was also supported: the magnitude\n\tof RB depended on whether the task required similar or different\n\tcodes for pictures and words (Experiments 3 and 4). These experiments\n\tconfirm that RB between visually different items is due to the similarity\n\tof the codes initially used in STM. The results suggest that RB can\n\toccur at any step during the instantiation of a token, arising not\n\tonly from a failure to create a new token, but also from a failure\n\tto stabilize an opened token. In this view, tokens are to be seen\n\tas dynamical entities, built over time as a function of type activation\n\tand task requirements, and varying in stability as a function of\n\tthe information that is entered into them.},\n keywords = {Computing Methodologies, Human, Language, Learning, Mental Processes, Models, Theoretical, Stochastic Processes, Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S., Cognition, Linguistics, Neural Networks (Computer), Practice (Psychology), Non-U.S. Gov't, Memory, Psychological, Task Performance and Analysis, Time Factors, Visual Perception, Adult, Attention, Discrimination Learning, Female, Male, Short-Term, Mental Recall, Orientation, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Perceptual Masking, Reading, 8194301},\n}\n\n","author_short":["Bavelier, D"],"key":"Bavelier1994","id":"Bavelier1994","bibbaseid":"bavelier-repetitionblindnessbetweenvisuallydifferentitemsthecaseofpicturesandwords-1994","role":"author","urls":{},"keyword":["Computing Methodologies","Human","Language","Learning","Mental Processes","Models","Theoretical","Stochastic Processes","Support","U.S. Gov't","Non-P.H.S.","Cognition","Linguistics","Neural Networks (Computer)","Practice (Psychology)","Non-U.S. Gov't","Memory","Psychological","Task Performance and Analysis","Time Factors","Visual Perception","Adult","Attention","Discrimination Learning","Female","Male","Short-Term","Mental Recall","Orientation","Pattern Recognition","Visual","Perceptual Masking","Reading","8194301"],"metadata":{"authorlinks":{}}},"bibtype":"article","biburl":"https://endress.org/publications/ansgar.bib","dataSources":["xPGxHAeh3vZpx4yyE","5qXSH7BrePnXHtcrf","TXa55dQbNoWnaGmMq"],"keywords":["computing methodologies","human","language","learning","mental processes","models","theoretical","stochastic processes","support","u.s. gov't","non-p.h.s.","cognition","linguistics","neural networks (computer)","practice (psychology)","non-u.s. gov't","memory","psychological","task performance and analysis","time factors","visual perception","adult","attention","discrimination learning","female","male","short-term","mental recall","orientation","pattern recognition","visual","perceptual masking","reading","8194301"],"search_terms":["repetition","blindness","between","visually","different","items","case","pictures","words","bavelier"],"title":"Repetition blindness between visually different items: The case of pictures and words.","year":1994}