Zinc and lead poisoning in wild birds in the Tri-State Mining District (Oklahoma, Kansas, and Missouri). Beyer, W., N., Dalgarn, J., Dudding, S., French, J., B., Mateo, R., Miesner, J., Sileo, L., & Spann, J. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 48(1):108-117, 2004.
abstract   bibtex   
The Tri-State Mining District (Oklahoma, Kansas, and Missouri) is contaminated with Pb, Cd, and Zn from mining, milling and smelting. Metals have been dispersed heterogeneously throughout the District in the form of milled mine waste ( chat ), as flotation tailings and from smelters as aerial deposition or slag. This study was conducted to determine if the habitat has been contaminated to the extent that the assessment populations of wild birds are exposed to toxic concentrations of metals. American robins ( Turdus migratorius), northern cardinals ( Cardinalis cardinalis), and waterfowl had increased Pb tissue concentrations ( p 50% in red blood cells in these birds ( p p p < 0.05) than reference values. The increased environmental concentrations of Zn associated with mining in the District accounted for the pancreatitis previously observed in five waterfowl from the District. The District is the first site at which free-flying wild birds have been found to be suffering severe effects of Zn poisoning.
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 title = {Zinc and lead poisoning in wild birds in the Tri-State Mining District (Oklahoma, Kansas, and Missouri)},
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 year = {2004},
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 pages = {108-117},
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 abstract = {The Tri-State Mining District (Oklahoma, Kansas, and Missouri) is contaminated with Pb, Cd, and Zn from mining, milling and smelting. Metals have been dispersed heterogeneously throughout the District in the form of milled mine waste ( chat ), as flotation tailings and from smelters as aerial deposition or slag. This study was conducted to determine if the habitat has been contaminated to the extent that the assessment populations of wild birds are exposed to toxic concentrations of metals. American robins ( Turdus migratorius), northern cardinals ( Cardinalis cardinalis), and waterfowl had increased Pb tissue concentrations ( p 50% in red blood cells in these birds ( p p p < 0.05) than reference values. The increased environmental concentrations of Zn associated with mining in the District accounted for the pancreatitis previously observed in five waterfowl from the District. The District is the first site at which free-flying wild birds have been found to be suffering severe effects of Zn poisoning.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Beyer, W. N. and Dalgarn, J. and Dudding, S. and French, J. B. and Mateo, R. and Miesner, J. and Sileo, L. and Spann, J.},
 journal = {Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology},
 number = {1}
}

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