Quantitative multiproxy assessment of long-term patterns of Holocene environmental change from a small lake near Abisko, northern Sweden. Bigler, C., Larocque, I., Peglar, S. M., Birks, H. J., & Hall, R. I. The Holocene, 12(4):481–496, May, 2002.
Quantitative multiproxy assessment of long-term patterns of Holocene environmental change from a small lake near Abisko, northern Sweden [link]Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   
Quantitative reconstructions are made of Holocene changes in climatic and environmental conditions from analyses of pollen, chironomids and diatoms in identical stratigraphic levels of a sediment core from Vuoskkujávri (68°20'43 N, 19°06'00 E, 348 m a.s.l.) near Abisko in northern Sweden (Lapland). Transfer functions, based on regional calibration sets, are applied to reconstruct Holocene patterns in mean July air temperature (using all three indicators), mean January air temperature (pollen), annual precipitation (pollen) and lakewater pH (diatoms). During periods with ‘good’ fit to the modern calibration sets all mean July air-temperature inferences based on the three proxy indicators reveal a general trend of decreasing temperature: pollen-inferred mean July air temperature shows a decrease of c. 1.1°C since 7500 cal. yrs BP; the chironomids show a decrease of c. 1.2°C since the early Holocene; whereas the diatoms show a decrease of c. 1.5°C since 6000 cal. yrs BP. Pollen-inferred mean January air temperature indicates that winters may have been warmer by c. 3.0°C during the early Holocene, followed by a gradual cooling until 8500 cal. yrs BP (c. 1.0°C warmer than today) and a subsequent warming until 7000 cal. yrs BP (c. 2.0°C warmer than today). Since 7000 cal. yrs BP, a gradual cooling towards the present-day values is inferred. According to the pollen, annual precipitation may have been considerably higher during the early Holocene than today (c. +150 mm) and increased until 7000 cal. yrs BP (c. +320 mm). Since 7000 cal. yrs BP, annual precipitation decreased continuously towards present-day values. Diatom-inferred pH trends show that natural acidification of c. 0.5 pH units followed deglaciation; present-day values were reached c. 5000 cal. yrs BP. The early Holocene is identified as a problematic time period for the application of modern calibration sets, as diatoms show ‘poor’ fit to the calibration set from 10 600 to 6000 cal. yrs BP, pollen from 10 600 to 7500 cal. yrs BP, and chironomids from 10 250 to 10 000 cal. yrs BP. Compared with estimates from the COHMAP GCM model, mean July air-temperature inferences based on biological proxies at Vuoskkujávri suggest a more moderate decrease in temperature over the past 9000 years.
@article{bigler_quantitative_2002,
	title = {Quantitative multiproxy assessment of long-term patterns of {Holocene} environmental change from a small lake near {Abisko}, northern {Sweden}},
	volume = {12},
	issn = {0959-6836},
	url = {http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1191/0959683602hl559rp},
	doi = {10.1191/0959683602hl559rp},
	abstract = {Quantitative reconstructions are made of Holocene changes in climatic and                 environmental conditions from analyses of pollen, chironomids and diatoms in                 identical stratigraphic levels of a sediment core from Vuoskkujávri                 (68°20'43 N, 19°06'00 E, 348 m a.s.l.) near Abisko                 in northern Sweden (Lapland). Transfer functions, based on regional calibration                 sets, are applied to reconstruct Holocene patterns in mean July air temperature                 (using all three indicators), mean January air temperature (pollen), annual                 precipitation (pollen) and lakewater pH (diatoms). During periods with                 ‘good’ fit to the modern calibration sets all mean July                 air-temperature inferences based on the three proxy indicators reveal a general                 trend of decreasing temperature: pollen-inferred mean July air temperature shows a                 decrease of c. 1.1°C since 7500 cal. yrs BP; the chironomids show a                 decrease of c. 1.2°C since the early Holocene; whereas the diatoms                 show a decrease of c. 1.5°C since 6000 cal. yrs BP. Pollen-inferred                 mean January air temperature indicates that winters may have been warmer by                 c. 3.0°C during the early Holocene, followed by a gradual cooling                 until 8500 cal. yrs BP (c. 1.0°C warmer than today) and a                 subsequent warming until 7000 cal. yrs BP (c. 2.0°C warmer than                 today). Since 7000 cal. yrs BP, a gradual cooling towards the present-day values is                 inferred. According to the pollen, annual precipitation may have been considerably                 higher during the early Holocene than today (c. +150 mm) and increased                 until 7000 cal. yrs BP (c. +320 mm). Since 7000 cal. yrs BP, annual                 precipitation decreased continuously towards present-day values. Diatom-inferred pH                 trends show that natural acidification of c. 0.5 pH units followed                 deglaciation; present-day values were reached c. 5000 cal. yrs BP. The                 early Holocene is identified as a problematic time period for the application of                 modern calibration sets, as diatoms show ‘poor’ fit to the                 calibration set from 10 600 to 6000 cal. yrs BP, pollen from 10 600 to 7500 cal. yrs                 BP, and chironomids from 10 250 to 10 000 cal. yrs BP. Compared with estimates from                 the COHMAP GCM model, mean July air-temperature inferences based on biological                 proxies at Vuoskkujávri suggest a more moderate decrease in temperature                 over the past 9000 years.},
	language = {en},
	number = {4},
	urldate = {2017-02-07},
	journal = {The Holocene},
	author = {Bigler, Christian and Larocque, Isabelle and Peglar, Sylvia M. and Birks, H. J.B. and Hall, Roland I.},
	month = may,
	year = {2002},
	keywords = {\#nosource, Holocene, Lapland, Pollen, chironomids, diatoms, multiproxy approach, pH, precipitation, quantitative inferences, subarctic, temperature, weighted averaging partial least squares (WA-PLS)},
	pages = {481--496},
}

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