@article{blettner_transboundary_2023,
	title = {Transboundary {Rainfall} {Estimation} {Using} {Commercial} {Microwave} {Links}},
	volume = {10},
	issn = {2333-5084, 2333-5084},
	url = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2023EA002869},
	doi = {10.1029/2023EA002869},
	abstract = {Abstract
            Unlike actual rainfall, the spatial extent of rainfall maps is often determined by administrative and political boundaries. Similarly, data from commercial microwave links (CMLs) is usually acquired on a national basis and exchange among countries is limited. Up to now, this has prohibited the generation of transboundary CML‐based rainfall maps despite the great extension of networks across the world. We present CML based transboundary rainfall maps for the first time, using independent CML data sets from Germany and the Czech Republic. We show that straightforward algorithms used for quality control strongly reduce anomalies in the results. We find that, after quality control, CML‐based rainfall maps can be generated via joint and consistent processing, and that these maps allow to seamlessly visualize rainfall events traversing the German‐Czech border. This demonstrates that quality control represents a crucial step for large‐scale (e.g., continental) CML‐based rainfall estimation.
          , 
            Plain Language Summary
            Rainfall maps are usually based on gauge observations on the ground or radar. They are crucial for predicting or reconstructing flooding events. Commercial microwave links are special kinds of rainfall sensors. Their actual purpose is the signal propagation within a cellular network. However, since the signal is attenuated when it rains, they can also be exploited for rainfall estimation. To estimate rainfall from the observed attenuation requires careful data processing. Algorithms for that are usually adjusted to national data sets with their specific characteristics. In this study, we use, for the first time, two independent data sets of commercial microwave links (from Germany and the Czech Republic) with the aim of generating transboundary rainfall maps. As the data sets vary in many respects, several algorithms need to be adjusted and extended to allow processing them consistently. We show that it is possible to create meaningful rainfall maps of rain events that traverse the border between Germany and the Czech Republic. This can be considered a major step toward seamless rainfall maps on even larger, that is, continental scale.
          , 
            Key Points
            
              
                
                  Transboundary rainfall maps based on independent networks of commercial microwave links (CMLs) are generated for the first time
                
                
                  German and Czech data sets of CMLs differ significantly with respect to network characteristics
                
                
                  Quality control is important for heterogeneous data of CMLs},
	language = {en},
	number = {8},
	urldate = {2024-11-14},
	journal = {Earth and Space Science},
	author = {Blettner, Nico and Fencl, Martin and Bareš, Vojtěch and Kunstmann, Harald and Chwala, Christian},
	month = aug,
	year = {2023},
	pages = {e2023EA002869},
}

{"_id":"yhSYct2Wfg4dhtLuX","bibbaseid":"blettner-fencl-bare-kunstmann-chwala-transboundaryrainfallestimationusingcommercialmicrowavelinks-2023","author_short":["Blettner, N.","Fencl, M.","Bareš, V.","Kunstmann, H.","Chwala, C."],"bibdata":{"bibtype":"article","type":"article","title":"Transboundary Rainfall Estimation Using Commercial Microwave Links","volume":"10","issn":"2333-5084, 2333-5084","url":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2023EA002869","doi":"10.1029/2023EA002869","abstract":"Abstract Unlike actual rainfall, the spatial extent of rainfall maps is often determined by administrative and political boundaries. Similarly, data from commercial microwave links (CMLs) is usually acquired on a national basis and exchange among countries is limited. Up to now, this has prohibited the generation of transboundary CML‐based rainfall maps despite the great extension of networks across the world. We present CML based transboundary rainfall maps for the first time, using independent CML data sets from Germany and the Czech Republic. We show that straightforward algorithms used for quality control strongly reduce anomalies in the results. We find that, after quality control, CML‐based rainfall maps can be generated via joint and consistent processing, and that these maps allow to seamlessly visualize rainfall events traversing the German‐Czech border. This demonstrates that quality control represents a crucial step for large‐scale (e.g., continental) CML‐based rainfall estimation. , Plain Language Summary Rainfall maps are usually based on gauge observations on the ground or radar. They are crucial for predicting or reconstructing flooding events. Commercial microwave links are special kinds of rainfall sensors. Their actual purpose is the signal propagation within a cellular network. However, since the signal is attenuated when it rains, they can also be exploited for rainfall estimation. To estimate rainfall from the observed attenuation requires careful data processing. Algorithms for that are usually adjusted to national data sets with their specific characteristics. In this study, we use, for the first time, two independent data sets of commercial microwave links (from Germany and the Czech Republic) with the aim of generating transboundary rainfall maps. As the data sets vary in many respects, several algorithms need to be adjusted and extended to allow processing them consistently. We show that it is possible to create meaningful rainfall maps of rain events that traverse the border between Germany and the Czech Republic. This can be considered a major step toward seamless rainfall maps on even larger, that is, continental scale. , Key Points Transboundary rainfall maps based on independent networks of commercial microwave links (CMLs) are generated for the first time German and Czech data sets of CMLs differ significantly with respect to network characteristics Quality control is important for heterogeneous data of CMLs","language":"en","number":"8","urldate":"2024-11-14","journal":"Earth and Space Science","author":[{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Blettner"],"firstnames":["Nico"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Fencl"],"firstnames":["Martin"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Bareš"],"firstnames":["Vojtěch"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Kunstmann"],"firstnames":["Harald"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Chwala"],"firstnames":["Christian"],"suffixes":[]}],"month":"August","year":"2023","pages":"e2023EA002869","bibtex":"@article{blettner_transboundary_2023,\n\ttitle = {Transboundary {Rainfall} {Estimation} {Using} {Commercial} {Microwave} {Links}},\n\tvolume = {10},\n\tissn = {2333-5084, 2333-5084},\n\turl = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2023EA002869},\n\tdoi = {10.1029/2023EA002869},\n\tabstract = {Abstract\n Unlike actual rainfall, the spatial extent of rainfall maps is often determined by administrative and political boundaries. Similarly, data from commercial microwave links (CMLs) is usually acquired on a national basis and exchange among countries is limited. Up to now, this has prohibited the generation of transboundary CML‐based rainfall maps despite the great extension of networks across the world. We present CML based transboundary rainfall maps for the first time, using independent CML data sets from Germany and the Czech Republic. We show that straightforward algorithms used for quality control strongly reduce anomalies in the results. We find that, after quality control, CML‐based rainfall maps can be generated via joint and consistent processing, and that these maps allow to seamlessly visualize rainfall events traversing the German‐Czech border. This demonstrates that quality control represents a crucial step for large‐scale (e.g., continental) CML‐based rainfall estimation.\n , \n Plain Language Summary\n Rainfall maps are usually based on gauge observations on the ground or radar. They are crucial for predicting or reconstructing flooding events. Commercial microwave links are special kinds of rainfall sensors. Their actual purpose is the signal propagation within a cellular network. However, since the signal is attenuated when it rains, they can also be exploited for rainfall estimation. To estimate rainfall from the observed attenuation requires careful data processing. Algorithms for that are usually adjusted to national data sets with their specific characteristics. In this study, we use, for the first time, two independent data sets of commercial microwave links (from Germany and the Czech Republic) with the aim of generating transboundary rainfall maps. As the data sets vary in many respects, several algorithms need to be adjusted and extended to allow processing them consistently. We show that it is possible to create meaningful rainfall maps of rain events that traverse the border between Germany and the Czech Republic. This can be considered a major step toward seamless rainfall maps on even larger, that is, continental scale.\n , \n Key Points\n \n \n \n Transboundary rainfall maps based on independent networks of commercial microwave links (CMLs) are generated for the first time\n \n \n German and Czech data sets of CMLs differ significantly with respect to network characteristics\n \n \n Quality control is important for heterogeneous data of CMLs},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\tnumber = {8},\n\turldate = {2024-11-14},\n\tjournal = {Earth and Space Science},\n\tauthor = {Blettner, Nico and Fencl, Martin and Bareš, Vojtěch and Kunstmann, Harald and Chwala, Christian},\n\tmonth = aug,\n\tyear = {2023},\n\tpages = {e2023EA002869},\n}\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n","author_short":["Blettner, N.","Fencl, M.","Bareš, V.","Kunstmann, H.","Chwala, C."],"key":"blettner_transboundary_2023","id":"blettner_transboundary_2023","bibbaseid":"blettner-fencl-bare-kunstmann-chwala-transboundaryrainfallestimationusingcommercialmicrowavelinks-2023","role":"author","urls":{"Paper":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2023EA002869"},"metadata":{"authorlinks":{}}},"bibtype":"article","biburl":"https://bibbase.org/zotero/tereno","dataSources":["cq3J5xX6zmBvc2TQC"],"keywords":[],"search_terms":["transboundary","rainfall","estimation","using","commercial","microwave","links","blettner","fencl","bareš","kunstmann","chwala"],"title":"Transboundary Rainfall Estimation Using Commercial Microwave Links","year":2023}