@article{
 title = {Distinct Subcortical Volume Alterations in Pediatric and Adult OCD: A Worldwide Meta- and Mega-Analysis},
 type = {article},
 year = {2017},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Adolescent,Adult,Child,FreeSurfer,Globus Pallidus,Hippocampus,Humans,Magnetic Resonance Imaging,Middle Aged,Neurodevelopmental disorder,Neuroimaging,Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder,Organ Size,Psychiatry,Structural MRI,Thalamus,Young Adult},
 pages = {60-69},
 volume = {174},
 websites = {http://files/929/Boedhoe et al. - 2017 - Distinct Subcortical Volume Alterations in Pediatr.pdf,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27609241},
 id = {d0b3f877-bbbf-325b-a693-8142d70f31b0},
 created = {2020-09-17T09:27:40.279Z},
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 profile_id = {20f87055-ac78-3c65-9cf5-216a3558d16a},
 group_id = {14ca8526-77d5-34fd-89de-e48cae5e6ee2},
 last_modified = {2020-09-17T09:27:40.279Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 source_type = {JOUR},
 language = {eng},
 private_publication = {false},
 abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Structural brain imaging studies in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have produced inconsistent findings. This may be partially due to limited statistical power from relatively small samples and clinical heterogeneity related to variation in illness profile and developmental stage. To address these limitations, the authors conducted meta- and mega-analyses of data from OCD sites worldwide. METHOD: T1 images from 1,830 OCD patients and 1,759 control subjects were analyzed, using coordinated and standardized processing, to identify subcortical brain volumes that differ between OCD patients and healthy subjects. The authors performed a meta-analysis on the mean of the left and right hemisphere measures of each subcortical structure, and they performed a mega-analysis by pooling these volumetric measurements from each site. The authors additionally examined potential modulating effects of clinical characteristics on morphological differences in OCD patients. RESULTS: The meta-analysis indicated that adult patients had significantly smaller hippocampal volumes (Cohen's d=-0.13; % difference=-2.80) and larger pallidum volumes (d=0.16; % difference=3.16) compared with adult controls. Both effects were stronger in medicated patients compared with controls (d=-0.29, % difference=-4.18, and d=0.29, % difference=4.38, respectively). Unmedicated pediatric patients had significantly larger thalamic volumes (d=0.38, % difference=3.08) compared with pediatric controls. None of these findings were mediated by sample characteristics, such as mean age or scanning field strength. The mega-analysis yielded similar results. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate different patterns of subcortical abnormalities in pediatric and adult OCD patients. The pallidum and hippocampus seem to be of importance in adult OCD, whereas the thalamus seems to be key in pediatric OCD. These findings highlight the potential importance of neurodevelopmental alterations in OCD and suggest that further research on neuroplasticity in OCD may be useful.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Boedhoe, Premika S W and Schmaal, Lianne and Abe, Yoshinari and Ameis, Stephanie H and Arnold, Paul D and Batistuzzo, Marcelo C and Benedetti, Francesco and Beucke, Jan C and Bollettini, Irene and Bose, Anushree and Brem, Silvia and Calvo, Anna and Cheng, Yuqi and Cho, Kang Ik K and Dallaspezia, Sara and Denys, Damiaan and Fitzgerald, Kate D and Fouche, Jean-Paul and Giménez, Mònica and Gruner, Patricia and Hanna, Gregory L and Hibar, Derrek P and Hoexter, Marcelo Q and Hu, Hao and Huyser, Chaim and Ikari, Keisuke and Jahanshad, Neda and Kathmann, Norbert and Kaufmann, Christian and Koch, Kathrin and Kwon, Jun Soo and Lazaro, Luisa and Liu, Yanni and Lochner, Christine and Marsh, Rachel and Martínez-Zalacaín, Ignacio and Mataix-Cols, David and Menchón, José M and Minuzzi, Luciano and Nakamae, Takashi and Nakao, Tomohiro and Narayanaswamy, Janardhanan C and Piras, Fabrizio and Piras, Federica and Pittenger, Christopher and Reddy, Y C Janardhan and Sato, Joao R and Simpson, H Blair and Soreni, Noam and Soriano-Mas, Carles and Spalletta, Gianfranco and Stevens, Michael C and Szeszko, Philip R and Tolin, David F and Venkatasubramanian, Ganesan and Walitza, Susanne and Wang, Zhen and van Wingen, Guido A and Xu, Jian and Xu, Xiufeng and Yun, Je-Yeon and Zhao, Qing and Group, ENIGMA O C D Working and Thompson, Paul M and Stein, Dan J and van den Heuvel, Odile A},
 journal = {The American Journal of Psychiatry},
 number = {1}
}

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This may be partially due to limited statistical power from relatively small samples and clinical heterogeneity related to variation in illness profile and developmental stage. To address these limitations, the authors conducted meta- and mega-analyses of data from OCD sites worldwide. METHOD: T1 images from 1,830 OCD patients and 1,759 control subjects were analyzed, using coordinated and standardized processing, to identify subcortical brain volumes that differ between OCD patients and healthy subjects. The authors performed a meta-analysis on the mean of the left and right hemisphere measures of each subcortical structure, and they performed a mega-analysis by pooling these volumetric measurements from each site. The authors additionally examined potential modulating effects of clinical characteristics on morphological differences in OCD patients. RESULTS: The meta-analysis indicated that adult patients had significantly smaller hippocampal volumes (Cohen's d=-0.13; % difference=-2.80) and larger pallidum volumes (d=0.16; % difference=3.16) compared with adult controls. Both effects were stronger in medicated patients compared with controls (d=-0.29, % difference=-4.18, and d=0.29, % difference=4.38, respectively). Unmedicated pediatric patients had significantly larger thalamic volumes (d=0.38, % difference=3.08) compared with pediatric controls. None of these findings were mediated by sample characteristics, such as mean age or scanning field strength. The mega-analysis yielded similar results. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate different patterns of subcortical abnormalities in pediatric and adult OCD patients. The pallidum and hippocampus seem to be of importance in adult OCD, whereas the thalamus seems to be key in pediatric OCD. These findings highlight the potential importance of neurodevelopmental alterations in OCD and suggest that further research on neuroplasticity in OCD may be useful.","bibtype":"article","author":"Boedhoe, Premika S W and Schmaal, Lianne and Abe, Yoshinari and Ameis, Stephanie H and Arnold, Paul D and Batistuzzo, Marcelo C and Benedetti, Francesco and Beucke, Jan C and Bollettini, Irene and Bose, Anushree and Brem, Silvia and Calvo, Anna and Cheng, Yuqi and Cho, Kang Ik K and Dallaspezia, Sara and Denys, Damiaan and Fitzgerald, Kate D and Fouche, Jean-Paul and Giménez, Mònica and Gruner, Patricia and Hanna, Gregory L and Hibar, Derrek P and Hoexter, Marcelo Q and Hu, Hao and Huyser, Chaim and Ikari, Keisuke and Jahanshad, Neda and Kathmann, Norbert and Kaufmann, Christian and Koch, Kathrin and Kwon, Jun Soo and Lazaro, Luisa and Liu, Yanni and Lochner, Christine and Marsh, Rachel and Martínez-Zalacaín, Ignacio and Mataix-Cols, David and Menchón, José M and Minuzzi, Luciano and Nakamae, Takashi and Nakao, Tomohiro and Narayanaswamy, Janardhanan C and Piras, Fabrizio and Piras, Federica and Pittenger, Christopher and Reddy, Y C Janardhan and Sato, Joao R and Simpson, H Blair and Soreni, Noam and Soriano-Mas, Carles and Spalletta, Gianfranco and Stevens, Michael C and Szeszko, Philip R and Tolin, David F and Venkatasubramanian, Ganesan and Walitza, Susanne and Wang, Zhen and van Wingen, Guido A and Xu, Jian and Xu, Xiufeng and Yun, Je-Yeon and Zhao, Qing and Group, ENIGMA O C D Working and Thompson, Paul M and Stein, Dan J and van den Heuvel, Odile A","journal":"The American Journal of Psychiatry","number":"1","bibtex":"@article{\n title = {Distinct Subcortical Volume Alterations in Pediatric and Adult OCD: A Worldwide Meta- and Mega-Analysis},\n type = {article},\n year = {2017},\n identifiers = {[object Object]},\n keywords = {Adolescent,Adult,Child,FreeSurfer,Globus Pallidus,Hippocampus,Humans,Magnetic Resonance Imaging,Middle Aged,Neurodevelopmental disorder,Neuroimaging,Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder,Organ Size,Psychiatry,Structural MRI,Thalamus,Young Adult},\n pages = {60-69},\n volume = {174},\n websites = {http://files/929/Boedhoe et al. - 2017 - Distinct Subcortical Volume Alterations in Pediatr.pdf,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27609241},\n id = {d0b3f877-bbbf-325b-a693-8142d70f31b0},\n created = {2020-09-17T09:27:40.279Z},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {20f87055-ac78-3c65-9cf5-216a3558d16a},\n group_id = {14ca8526-77d5-34fd-89de-e48cae5e6ee2},\n last_modified = {2020-09-17T09:27:40.279Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n source_type = {JOUR},\n language = {eng},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Structural brain imaging studies in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have produced inconsistent findings. This may be partially due to limited statistical power from relatively small samples and clinical heterogeneity related to variation in illness profile and developmental stage. To address these limitations, the authors conducted meta- and mega-analyses of data from OCD sites worldwide. METHOD: T1 images from 1,830 OCD patients and 1,759 control subjects were analyzed, using coordinated and standardized processing, to identify subcortical brain volumes that differ between OCD patients and healthy subjects. The authors performed a meta-analysis on the mean of the left and right hemisphere measures of each subcortical structure, and they performed a mega-analysis by pooling these volumetric measurements from each site. The authors additionally examined potential modulating effects of clinical characteristics on morphological differences in OCD patients. RESULTS: The meta-analysis indicated that adult patients had significantly smaller hippocampal volumes (Cohen's d=-0.13; % difference=-2.80) and larger pallidum volumes (d=0.16; % difference=3.16) compared with adult controls. Both effects were stronger in medicated patients compared with controls (d=-0.29, % difference=-4.18, and d=0.29, % difference=4.38, respectively). Unmedicated pediatric patients had significantly larger thalamic volumes (d=0.38, % difference=3.08) compared with pediatric controls. None of these findings were mediated by sample characteristics, such as mean age or scanning field strength. The mega-analysis yielded similar results. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate different patterns of subcortical abnormalities in pediatric and adult OCD patients. The pallidum and hippocampus seem to be of importance in adult OCD, whereas the thalamus seems to be key in pediatric OCD. These findings highlight the potential importance of neurodevelopmental alterations in OCD and suggest that further research on neuroplasticity in OCD may be useful.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Boedhoe, Premika S W and Schmaal, Lianne and Abe, Yoshinari and Ameis, Stephanie H and Arnold, Paul D and Batistuzzo, Marcelo C and Benedetti, Francesco and Beucke, Jan C and Bollettini, Irene and Bose, Anushree and Brem, Silvia and Calvo, Anna and Cheng, Yuqi and Cho, Kang Ik K and Dallaspezia, Sara and Denys, Damiaan and Fitzgerald, Kate D and Fouche, Jean-Paul and Giménez, Mònica and Gruner, Patricia and Hanna, Gregory L and Hibar, Derrek P and Hoexter, Marcelo Q and Hu, Hao and Huyser, Chaim and Ikari, Keisuke and Jahanshad, Neda and Kathmann, Norbert and Kaufmann, Christian and Koch, Kathrin and Kwon, Jun Soo and Lazaro, Luisa and Liu, Yanni and Lochner, Christine and Marsh, Rachel and Martínez-Zalacaín, Ignacio and Mataix-Cols, David and Menchón, José M and Minuzzi, Luciano and Nakamae, Takashi and Nakao, Tomohiro and Narayanaswamy, Janardhanan C and Piras, Fabrizio and Piras, Federica and Pittenger, Christopher and Reddy, Y C Janardhan and Sato, Joao R and Simpson, H Blair and Soreni, Noam and Soriano-Mas, Carles and Spalletta, Gianfranco and Stevens, Michael C and Szeszko, Philip R and Tolin, David F and Venkatasubramanian, Ganesan and Walitza, Susanne and Wang, Zhen and van Wingen, Guido A and Xu, Jian and Xu, Xiufeng and Yun, Je-Yeon and Zhao, Qing and Group, ENIGMA O C D Working and Thompson, Paul M and Stein, Dan J and van den Heuvel, Odile A},\n journal = {The American Journal of Psychiatry},\n number = {1}\n}","author_short":["Boedhoe, P., S., W.","Schmaal, L.","Abe, Y.","Ameis, S., H.","Arnold, P., D.","Batistuzzo, M., C.","Benedetti, F.","Beucke, J., C.","Bollettini, I.","Bose, A.","Brem, S.","Calvo, A.","Cheng, Y.","Cho, K., I., K.","Dallaspezia, S.","Denys, D.","Fitzgerald, K., D.","Fouche, J.","Giménez, M.","Gruner, P.","Hanna, G., L.","Hibar, D., P.","Hoexter, M., Q.","Hu, H.","Huyser, C.","Ikari, K.","Jahanshad, N.","Kathmann, N.","Kaufmann, C.","Koch, K.","Kwon, J., S.","Lazaro, L.","Liu, Y.","Lochner, C.","Marsh, R.","Martínez-Zalacaín, I.","Mataix-Cols, D.","Menchón, J., M.","Minuzzi, L.","Nakamae, T.","Nakao, T.","Narayanaswamy, J., C.","Piras, F.","Piras, F.","Pittenger, C.","Reddy, Y., C., J.","Sato, J., R.","Simpson, H., B.","Soreni, N.","Soriano-Mas, C.","Spalletta, G.","Stevens, M., C.","Szeszko, P., R.","Tolin, D., F.","Venkatasubramanian, G.","Walitza, S.","Wang, Z.","van Wingen, G., A.","Xu, J.","Xu, X.","Yun, J.","Zhao, Q.","Group, E., O., C., D., W.","Thompson, P., M.","Stein, D., J.","van den Heuvel, O., A."],"urls":{"Website":"http://files/929/Boedhoe et al. - 2017 - Distinct Subcortical Volume Alterations in Pediatr.pdf,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27609241"},"bibbaseid":"boedhoe-schmaal-abe-ameis-arnold-batistuzzo-benedetti-beucke-etal-distinctsubcorticalvolumealterationsinpediatricandadultocdaworldwidemetaandmegaanalysis-2017","role":"author","keyword":["Adolescent","Adult","Child","FreeSurfer","Globus Pallidus","Hippocampus","Humans","Magnetic Resonance Imaging","Middle Aged","Neurodevelopmental disorder","Neuroimaging","Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder","Organ Size","Psychiatry","Structural MRI","Thalamus","Young Adult"],"downloads":0,"html":""},"bibtype":"article","creationDate":"2021-03-10T12:57:50.992Z","downloads":0,"keywords":["adolescent","adult","child","freesurfer","globus pallidus","hippocampus","humans","magnetic resonance imaging","middle aged","neurodevelopmental disorder","neuroimaging","obsessive-compulsive disorder","organ size","psychiatry","structural mri","thalamus","young adult"],"search_terms":["distinct","subcortical","volume","alterations","pediatric","adult","ocd","worldwide","meta","mega","analysis","boedhoe","schmaal","abe","ameis","arnold","batistuzzo","benedetti","beucke","bollettini","bose","brem","calvo","cheng","cho","dallaspezia","denys","fitzgerald","fouche","giménez","gruner","hanna","hibar","hoexter","hu","huyser","ikari","jahanshad","kathmann","kaufmann","koch","kwon","lazaro","liu","lochner","marsh","martínez-zalacaín","mataix-cols","menchón","minuzzi","nakamae","nakao","narayanaswamy","piras","piras","pittenger","reddy","sato","simpson","soreni","soriano-mas","spalletta","stevens","szeszko","tolin","venkatasubramanian","walitza","wang","van wingen","xu","xu","yun","zhao","group","thompson","stein","van den heuvel"],"title":"Distinct Subcortical Volume Alterations in Pediatric and Adult OCD: A Worldwide Meta- and Mega-Analysis","year":2017}