Fibrosis in left atrial tissue of patients with atrial fibrillation with and without underlying mitral valve disease. Boldt, A., Wetzel, U., Lauschke, J., Weigl, J., Gummert, J., Hindricks, G., Kottkamp, H., & Dhein, S. Heart, 90(4):400–405, April, 2004.
bibtex   
@Article{RSM:Bol2004,
  author =       "A. Boldt and U. Wetzel and J. Lauschke and J. Weigl
                 and J. Gummert and G. Hindricks and H. Kottkamp and S.
                 Dhein",
  title =        "Fibrosis in left atrial tissue of patients with atrial
                 fibrillation with and without underlying mitral valve
                 disease.",
  journal =      "Heart",
  year =         "2004",
  month =        apr,
  volume =       "90",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "400--405",
  robnote =      "afib OBJECTIVE: To examine the hypothesis that major
                 extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins are expressed
                 differently in the left atrial tissue of patients in
                 sinus rhythm (SR), lone atrial fibrillation (AF), and
                 AF with underlying mitral valve disease (MVD). DESIGN:
                 Case-control study. PATIENTS: 118 patients with lone
                 AF, MVD+AF, and SR. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Collagen I,
                 collagen III, and fibronectin protein expression
                 measured by quantitative western blotting techniques
                 and immunohistochemical methods. RESULTS: Protein
                 concentrations increased in patients with AF (all
                 forms) compared with those in SR (all forms): collagen
                 I (1.15 (0.11) v 0.45 (0.28), respectively; p = 0.002),
                 collagen III (0.74 (0.05) v 0.46 (0.11); p = 0.002, and
                 fibronectin (0.88 (0.06) v 0.62 (0.13); p = 0.08).
                 Especially, collagen I was similarly enhanced in both
                 lone AF (1.49 (0.15) and MVD+AF (1.53 (0.16) compared
                 with SR (0.56 (0.28); both p = 0.01). Collagen III was
                 not significantly increased in lone AF but was
                 significantly increased in AF combined with MVD (0.84
                 (0.07) both compared with SR (0.46 (0.11); p = 0.01).
                 The concentration of fibronectin was not significantly
                 increased in lone AF and MVD+AF (both compared with
                 SR). Furthermore, there was a similar degree of
                 enhanced collagen expression in paroxysmal AF and
                 chronic AF. CONCLUSIONS: AF is associated with
                 fibrosis. Forms of AF differ from each other in
                 collagen III expression. However, there was no
                 systematic difference in ECM expression between
                 paroxysmal AF and chronic AF. Enhanced concentrations
                 of ECM proteins may have a role in structural
                 remodelling and the pathogenesis of AF as a result of
                 separation of the cells by fibrotic depositions.",
  bibdate =      "Sun Jun 1 18:41:50 2008",
}

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