A crossword puzzle generator using genetic algorithms with Wisdom of Artificial Crowds. Bonomo, D., Lauf, A. P., & Yampolskiy, R. In 2015 Computer Games: AI, Animation, Mobile, Multimedia, Educational and Serious Games (CGAMES), pages 44–49, July, 2015.
doi  abstract   bibtex   
NP-hard problems, such as generating crossword puzzles, are candidates for solution by genetic algorithms (GAs). A combination of both a genetic algorithms and a Wisdom of Artificial Crowds (WoAC) aggregation method was developed for the purpose of creating crossword puzzles given a particular outline. The program was written using a GPL Hunspell wrapper NHunspell for word verification and suggestion. In American-style crossword puzzles, we saw performance improvements of around 20% in reaching a local optima, with a 6% improvement in the number of successful words found by a GA + WoAC algorithm over the baseline genetic algorithm.
@inproceedings{bonomo_crossword_2015,
	title = {A crossword puzzle generator using genetic algorithms with {Wisdom} of {Artificial} {Crowds}},
	doi = {10.1109/CGames.2015.7272960},
	abstract = {NP-hard problems, such as generating crossword puzzles, are candidates for solution by genetic algorithms (GAs). A combination of both a genetic algorithms and a Wisdom of Artificial Crowds (WoAC) aggregation method was developed for the purpose of creating crossword puzzles given a particular outline. The program was written using a GPL Hunspell wrapper NHunspell for word verification and suggestion. In American-style crossword puzzles, we saw performance improvements of around 20\% in reaching a local optima, with a 6\% improvement in the number of successful words found by a GA + WoAC algorithm over the baseline genetic algorithm.},
	booktitle = {2015 {Computer} {Games}: {AI}, {Animation}, {Mobile}, {Multimedia}, {Educational} and {Serious} {Games} ({CGAMES})},
	author = {Bonomo, Douglas and Lauf, Adrian P. and Yampolskiy, Roman},
	month = jul,
	year = {2015},
	keywords = {Arrays, Computers, Dictionaries, Genetic algorithms, Skeleton, Sociology, Statistics},
	pages = {44--49},
}

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