Observation of spontaneous toroidal rotation inversion in ohmically heated tokamak plasmas. Bortolon, A., Duval, B., P., Pochelon, A., & Scarabosio, A. Physical Review Letters, 97(23):1-4, 2006.
Observation of spontaneous toroidal rotation inversion in ohmically heated tokamak plasmas [pdf]Paper  abstract   bibtex   
Bulk plasma toroidal rotation is observed to invert spontaneously from counter to cocurrent direction in TCV (Tokamak à Configuration Variable) Ohmically heated discharges, in low confinement mode, without momentum input. The inversion occurs in high current discharges, when the plasma electron density exceeds a well-defined threshold. The transition between the two rotational regimes has been studied by means of density ramps. The results provide evidence of a change of the balance of nondiffusive momentum fluxes in the core of a plasma without an external drive.

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