@Article{Boutsen2002,
  author   = {Frank R Boutsen and Sarah S Christman},
  journal  = {Semin Speech Lang},
  title    = {Prosody in apraxia of speech.},
  year     = {2002},
  number   = {4},
  pages    = {245-56},
  volume   = {23},
  abstract = {Prosody is a complex process that involves modulation of pitch, loudness,
	duration, and linearity in the acoustic stream to serve linguistic
	and affective communication goals. It arises from the interaction
	of distributed neural networks that may be anatomically and functionally
	lateralized. Intrinsic prosody is mediated largely through left hemisphere
	mechanisms and encompasses those elements of linguistic microstructure
	(e.g., syllabic magnitudes and durations, basic consonantal and vocalic
	gesture specifications, and so) that yield the segmental aspects
	of speech. Extrinsic prosody is processed primarily by right hemisphere
	(RH) mechanisms and involves manipulation of intonation across longer
	perceptual groupings. Intrinsic prosody deficits can lead to several
	core symptoms of speech apraxia such as difficulty with utterance
	initiation and syllable transitionalization and may lead to the establishment
	of inappropriate syllable boundaries. The intrinsic prosody profiles
	associated with acquired apraxia of speech, developmental speech
	apraxia, and ataxic dysarthria may aid in the clinical differentiation
	of these disorders.},
  doi      = {10.1055/s-2002-35799},
  keywords = {Apraxias, Cerebellum, Humans, Phonetics, Severity of Illness Index, Speech Acoustics, Speech Production Measurement, 12461724},
}

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