Impacts of hemlock woolly adelgid on Canadian and Carolina hemlock forests. Brown, J. Land use change and implications for biodiversity on the Highlands plateau, 2004.
Impacts of hemlock woolly adelgid on Canadian and Carolina hemlock forests. [pdf]Paper  abstract   bibtex   
This report provides background on the distribution of both Canadian hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) and Carolina hemlock (Tsuga caroliniana) in the southern Appalachian Mountains. It also describes the potential impacts that may affect these distributions as a result of the introduction of hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae), an exotic invasive insect. Twelve intensive study plots at Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory were established earlier for related studies on the impact of hemlock woolly adelgid. For this report, the density and basal area of all woody stems greater than 2.5 cm diameter at breast height were summarized. These baseline data will enable us to determine the impact of hemlock woolly adelgid on stand dynamics in control (hardwood) stands, hemlock plots experiencing mortality due to the hemlock woolly adelgid, and hemlock plots experiencing mortality due to girdling. In addition, 24 stands of Carolina hemlock have been identified and two stands have been measured to include stand basal area and density similar to the methods used in the Canadian hemlock stands.

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