A new small-bodied hominin from the Late Pleistocene of Flores, Indonesia. Brown, P, Sutikna, T, Morwood, M., Soejono, R., Jatmiko, R., Saptomo, E W., & Due, R. A. Nature, 431(7012):1055-61, 2004.
doi  abstract   bibtex   
Currently, it is widely accepted that only one hominin genus, Homo, was present in Pleistocene Asia, represented by two species, Homo erectus and Homo sapiens. Both species are characterized by greater brain size, increased body height and smaller teeth relative to Pliocene Australopithecus in Africa. Here we report the discovery, from the Late Pleistocene of Flores, Indonesia, of an adult hominin with stature and endocranial volume approximating 1 m and 380 cm3, respectively–equal to the smallest-known australopithecines. The combination of primitive and derived features assigns this hominin to a new species, Homo floresiensis. The most likely explanation for its existence on Flores is long-term isolation, with subsequent endemic dwarfing, of an ancestral H. erectus population. Importantly, H. floresiensis shows that the genus Homo is morphologically more varied and flexible in its adaptive responses than previously thought.
@Article{Brown2004,
  author   = {P Brown and T Sutikna and MJ Morwood and RP Soejono and RP Jatmiko and E Wayhu Saptomo and Rokus Awe Due},
  journal  = {Nature},
  title    = {A new small-bodied hominin from the {L}ate {P}leistocene of {F}lores, {I}ndonesia.},
  year     = {2004},
  number   = {7012},
  pages    = {1055-61},
  volume   = {431},
  abstract = {Currently, it is widely accepted that only one hominin genus, Homo,
	was present in Pleistocene Asia, represented by two species, Homo
	erectus and Homo sapiens. Both species are characterized by greater
	brain size, increased body height and smaller teeth relative to Pliocene
	Australopithecus in Africa. Here we report the discovery, from the
	Late Pleistocene of Flores, Indonesia, of an adult hominin with stature
	and endocranial volume approximating 1 m and 380 cm3, respectively--equal
	to the smallest-known australopithecines. The combination of primitive
	and derived features assigns this hominin to a new species, Homo
	floresiensis. The most likely explanation for its existence on Flores
	is long-term isolation, with subsequent endemic dwarfing, of an ancestral
	H. erectus population. Importantly, H. floresiensis shows that the
	genus Homo is morphologically more varied and flexible in its adaptive
	responses than previously thought.},
  doi      = {10.1038/nature02999},
  keywords = {Animals, Attention, Brain, Decision Making, Face, Female, Haplorhini, Housing, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Models, Neurological, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Photic Stimulation, Prefrontal Cortex, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S., Visual Perception, Choice Behavior, Cognition, Dopamine, Learning, Schizophrenia, Substance-Related Disorders, Generalization (Psychology), Motor Skills, Non-P.H.S., Nerve Net, Neuronal Plasticity, Perception, Cerebral Cortex, Memory, Neurons, Sound Localization, Synapses, Synaptic Transmission, Neural Pathways, Non-, Acoustic Stimulation, Adult, Age of Onset, Aging, Blindness, Child, Preschool, Infant, Newborn, Pitch Perception, Analysis of Variance, Animal Welfare, Laboratory, Behavior, Animal, Hybridization, Genetic, Maze Learning, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Inbred DBA, Phenotype, Reproducibility of Results, Darkness, Deafness, Finches, Sleep, Sound, Sunlight, Time Factors, Vocalization, Energy Metabolism, Evolution, Fossils, History, Ancient, Hominidae, Biological, Physical Endurance, Running, Skeleton, Walking, Acoustics, Auditory Perception, Cues, Discrimination Learning, Pair Bond, Social Behavior, Songbirds, Adolescent, England, Habituation (Psychophysiology), Korea, Language, Semantics, Vocabulary, Action Potentials, Hippocampus, Pyramidal Cells, Rats, Rotation, Australia, Brachyura, Cooperative Behavior, Logistic Models, Territoriality, Africa, Archaeology, Emigration and Immigration, Europe, Geography, Phylogeny, Population Dynamics, Animal Migration, Columbidae, Discrimination (Psychology), Earth (Planet), Magnetics, Olfactory Nerve, Orientation, Physical Stimulation, Smell, Trigeminal Nerve, Body Constitution, Bone and Bones, Indonesia, Skull, Tooth, 15510129},
}

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