Communicative Silences: Forms and Functions. Bruneau, T. J. Journal of Communication, 23(1):17–46, 1973.
Communicative Silences: Forms and Functions [link]Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   
The nature of silence is discussed as an imposition of mind, as an interdependent signification ground for speech signs, as a relationship to mental time (as opposed to artificial time), and as it relates to sensation, perception and metaphorical movement. Three major forms of silence are defined: Psycholinguistic Silence, of which there are two subtypes, designated Fast-time silence and Slow-time silence; Interactive Silence; and Sociocultural Silence. The three major forms are then briefly described as they relate to some important human communication functions. In the absence of empirical evidence, a number of hypotheses are offered.
@article{bruneau_communicative_1973,
	title = {Communicative {Silences}: {Forms} and {Functions}},
	volume = {23},
	issn = {1460-2466},
	shorttitle = {Communicative {Silences}},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1973.tb00929.x},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1460-2466.1973.tb00929.x},
	abstract = {The nature of silence is discussed as an imposition of mind, as an interdependent signification ground for speech signs, as a relationship to mental time (as opposed to artificial time), and as it relates to sensation, perception and metaphorical movement. Three major forms of silence are defined: Psycholinguistic Silence, of which there are two subtypes, designated Fast-time silence and Slow-time silence; Interactive Silence; and Sociocultural Silence. The three major forms are then briefly described as they relate to some important human communication functions. In the absence of empirical evidence, a number of hypotheses are offered.},
	language = {en},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2019-10-17},
	journal = {Journal of Communication},
	author = {Bruneau, Thomas J.},
	year = {1973},
	pages = {17--46}
}

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