Cryptic diversity of a widespread global pathogen reveals expanded threats to amphibian conservation. Byrne, A. Q., Vredenburg, V. T., Martel, A., Pasmans, F., Bell, R. C., Blackburn, D. C., Bletz, M. C., Bosch, J., Briggs, C. J., Brown, R. M., Catenazzi, A., López, M. F., Figueroa-Valenzuela, R., Ghose, S. L., Jaeger, J. R., Jani, A. J., Jirku, M., Knapp, R. A., Muñoz, A., Portik, D. M., Richards-Zawacki, C. L., Rockney, H., Rovito, S. M., Stark, T., Sulaeman, H., Tao, N. T., Voyles, J., Waddle, A. W., Yuan, Z., & Rosenblum, E. B. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 116(41):20382–20387, October, 2019. Publisher: National Academy of Sciences Section: Biological Sciences
Cryptic diversity of a widespread global pathogen reveals expanded threats to amphibian conservation [link]Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   
Biodiversity loss is one major outcome of human-mediated ecosystem disturbance. One way that humans have triggered wildlife declines is by transporting disease-causing agents to remote areas of the world. Amphibians have been hit particularly hard by disease due in part to a globally distributed pathogenic chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis [Bd]). Prior research has revealed important insights into the biology and distribution of Bd; however, there are still many outstanding questions in this system. Although we know that there are multiple divergent lineages of Bd that differ in pathogenicity, we know little about how these lineages are distributed around the world and where lineages may be coming into contact. Here, we implement a custom genotyping method for a global set of Bd samples. This method is optimized to amplify and sequence degraded DNA from noninvasive skin swab samples. We describe a divergent lineage of Bd, which we call BdASIA3, that appears to be widespread in Southeast Asia. This lineage co-occurs with the global panzootic lineage (BdGPL) in multiple localities. Additionally, we shed light on the global distribution of BdGPL and highlight the expanded range of another lineage, BdCAPE. Finally, we argue that more monitoring needs to take place where Bd lineages are coming into contact and where we know little about Bd lineage diversity. Monitoring need not use expensive or difficult field techniques but can use archived swab samples to further explore the history—and predict the future impacts—of this devastating pathogen.
@article{byrne_cryptic_2019,
	title = {Cryptic diversity of a widespread global pathogen reveals expanded threats to amphibian conservation},
	volume = {116},
	copyright = {Copyright © 2019 the Author(s). Published by PNAS.. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This open access article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND).},
	issn = {0027-8424, 1091-6490},
	url = {https://www.pnas.org/content/116/41/20382},
	doi = {10.1073/pnas.1908289116},
	abstract = {Biodiversity loss is one major outcome of human-mediated ecosystem disturbance. One way that humans have triggered wildlife declines is by transporting disease-causing agents to remote areas of the world. Amphibians have been hit particularly hard by disease due in part to a globally distributed pathogenic chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis [Bd]). Prior research has revealed important insights into the biology and distribution of Bd; however, there are still many outstanding questions in this system. Although we know that there are multiple divergent lineages of Bd that differ in pathogenicity, we know little about how these lineages are distributed around the world and where lineages may be coming into contact. Here, we implement a custom genotyping method for a global set of Bd samples. This method is optimized to amplify and sequence degraded DNA from noninvasive skin swab samples. We describe a divergent lineage of Bd, which we call BdASIA3, that appears to be widespread in Southeast Asia. This lineage co-occurs with the global panzootic lineage (BdGPL) in multiple localities. Additionally, we shed light on the global distribution of BdGPL and highlight the expanded range of another lineage, BdCAPE. Finally, we argue that more monitoring needs to take place where Bd lineages are coming into contact and where we know little about Bd lineage diversity. Monitoring need not use expensive or difficult field techniques but can use archived swab samples to further explore the history—and predict the future impacts—of this devastating pathogen.},
	language = {en},
	number = {41},
	urldate = {2020-07-01},
	journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
	author = {Byrne, Allison Q. and Vredenburg, Vance T. and Martel, An and Pasmans, Frank and Bell, Rayna C. and Blackburn, David C. and Bletz, Molly C. and Bosch, Jaime and Briggs, Cheryl J. and Brown, Rafe M. and Catenazzi, Alessandro and López, Mariel Familiar and Figueroa-Valenzuela, Raul and Ghose, Sonia L. and Jaeger, Jef R. and Jani, Andrea J. and Jirku, Miloslav and Knapp, Roland A. and Muñoz, Antonio and Portik, Daniel M. and Richards-Zawacki, Corinne L. and Rockney, Heidi and Rovito, Sean M. and Stark, Tariq and Sulaeman, Hasan and Tao, Nguyen Thien and Voyles, Jamie and Waddle, Anthony W. and Yuan, Zhiyong and Rosenblum, Erica Bree},
	month = oct,
	year = {2019},
	pmid = {31548391},
	note = {Publisher: National Academy of Sciences
Section: Biological Sciences},
	keywords = {Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, Bd, conservation, genetic monitoring},
	pages = {20382--20387},
}
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